Annotations upon the five bookes of Moses, the booke of the Psalmes, and the Song of Songs, or, Canticles VVherein the Hebrevv vvords and sentences, are compared with, and explained by the ancient Greeke and Chaldee versions, and other records and monuments of the Hebrewes: but chiefly by conference with the holy Scriptures, Moses his words, lawes and ordinances, the sacrifices, and other legall ceremonies heretofore commanded by God to the Church of Israel, are explained. With an advertisement touching some objections made against the sinceritie of the Hebrew text, and allegation of the Rabbines in these annotations. As also tables directing unto such principall things as are observed in the annotations upon each severall booke. By Henry Ainsworth.

CHAP. XLI.

1, Pharaohs two dreames, of seven kine, and seven eares of corne. 8, The wise men of Egypt could not in∣terpret them. 9, The Butler remembreth Ioseph, and mentioneth him to Pharaoh. 14, Who sendeth for Io∣seph out of prison, and propoundeth to him his dreames. 25, Ioseph interpreteth them. 29, Seven yeares of plenty are fore told, and seven yeares of famine. 33, Pharaoh is counselled to provide against the dearth. 39, Ioseph is advanced, to bee over Pharaohs house, and over al the land of Egypt. 45, He marieth Asenath, 49, gathereth up much corne. 50, begetteth two sons, Manasses and Ephraim. 54, The famine beginneth in Egypt and all lands.

〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉

ANd it was, at the end of two yeeres of [unspec 1] dayes: that Pharaoh dreamed; and be∣hold, he was standing by the river. And be∣hold, [unspec 2] there came-up out of the river, seven kine; faire in sight, and fat in flesh: and they fed in a medow. And behold, seven other [unspec 3] kine came-up after them, out of the river; ill in sight, and leane in flesh: and they stood, by the (other) kine; upon the brinke of the river. And the kine (that were) ill in sight, [unspec 4] and leane in flesh; did eat-up the seven kine, (that were) faire in sight, and fat: and Pha∣raoh awoke. And he slept, and dreamed the second-time: and behold, seven eares of-corn, [unspec 5] came-up in one stalke, fat and good. And [unspec 6] behold, seven eares▪ of▪ corn, thinn & blasted with the east-wind: sprang-up, after them. And the thinn eares swallowed-up the seven [unspec 7] fat and full eares: and Pharaoh awoke, and behold, (it was) a dreame. And it was in [unspec 8] the morning, that his spirit was striken-ama∣zed; and he sent, and called all the magicians of Egypt, and all the wise-men thereof: and Pharaoh told them his dreame; and there was no interpreter of them, to Pharaoh. And the chiefe of the butlers spake to Pha∣raoh, [unspec 9] saying: I, doe remember this day, my sinnes. Pharaoh, was wroth with his ser∣vants: [unspec 10] and committed me into ward, in the house of the Provost Marshall: both mee, the chiefe of the bakers. And wee dreamed [unspec 11] a dreame in one night, I and he: we dream∣ed, each man according to the interpretatiō of his dreame. And there was there with us [unspec 12] a yong man an Hebrew; servant to the Pro∣vost Marshall; and we told him, and hee in∣terpreted to us our dreams: to each man ac∣cording to his dreame, did he interpret. And [unspec 13] it was, as he interpreted to us, so it was: me, he restored unto my place, and him he han∣ged. And Pharaoh sent and called Ioseph; [unspec 14] and they brought him hastily, out of the dungeon: and he shaved himselfe, & chang∣ed his garments; and came-in unto Pharaoh. And Pharaoh said, unto Ioseph; I have drea∣med [unspec 15] a dreame, and there is no interpreter of it: and I, doe heare say, of thee; thou wilt heare a dreame, to interpret it. And Ioseph [unspec 16] answered Pharaoh, saying, It is not in mee: God will answer, the peace of Pharaoh. And [unspec 17] Pharaoh spake, unto Ioseph: In my dreame, behold, I was standing, upon the brinke of the riuer. And behold, there came-up out of [unspec 18] the river, seven kine; fat in flesh and faire in forme: and they fed, in a medow. And be∣hold, [unspec 19] seven other kine, came-up after them; poore and very ill in forme, and lean in flesh: I have not seene their like, in all the land of Egypt, for evilnesse. And the leane and evill [unspec 20] [unspec 21] kine; did eate up, the first seven fat kine. And they came into the inward-parts of them; and it was not knowne, that they were come into their inward-parts; and their sight was evill, as at the beginning: and I awoke. And [unspec 22] I saw, in my dreame; and behold, seven eares of-corne, came-up in one stalke, full & good. And behold, seven eares▪ of corne; withered, [unspec 23] thinn, blasted with an east-wind: sprung up, after them. And the thinn ears, swallowed-up [unspec 24] the seven good eares: and I told this, un∣to the magicians; and there is none that de∣clareth it, to mee. And Ioseph sayd, unto [unspec 25] Pharaoh; the dreame of Pharaoh, is one: that which God is a doing, hath he declared to Pharaoh. The seven good kine, they are [unspec 26] seven yeares; and the seven good eares-of corne, they are seven yeares: the dreame is one, And the seven leane and evill kine, [unspec 27] that came up after them, they are seven yeares; and the seven empty eares-of corne, blasted with an east-wind: shall bee, seven yeares of famine. This is the word, which [unspec 28] I have spoken unto Pharaoh: that which God is a doing, hee sheweth unto Pharaoh. Behold, seven yeares are comming: of great [unspec 29] [unspec 30] plenty, in all the land of Egypt: And seven yeeres of famine, shall rise after them; and all the plenty shall bee forgotten, in the land of Egypt: and the famine shall consume the land. And the plenty shall not be knowne, [unspec 31]

in the land; because of that famine, after∣wards: for it, shall be very heauy. And for [unspec 32] that the dreame was doubled, unto Pharaoh, twise; it is because the thing is firmly-prepa∣red, of God; and God hasteneth, to doe it. And now, let Pharaoh provide, a man dis∣creet [unspec 33] and wise: and set him, over all the land of Egypt. Let Pharaoh doe this; and [unspec 34] let him appoint Bishops, over the land: and take up the fift-part, of the land of Egypt; in the seven yeares of plenty. And let them [unspec 35] gather, all the meat of these good yeeres that come: and lay-up corne under the hand of Pharaoh, for meat in the cities, and let them keepe it. And the meat shall bee for [unspec 36] store, to the land; for the seven yeares of fa∣mine, which shall bee in the land of Egypt: that the land be not cut-off, by the famine. And the word was good, in the eyes of Pha∣raoh; [unspec 37] and in the eyes, of all his servants. And Pharaoh said, unto his servants: shall [unspec 38] we find such a one as this is, a man in whom the spirit of God is? And Pharaoh said, unto [unspec 39] Ioseph; forasmuch, as God hath made known unto thee, all this: there is none discreet and wise as thou art. Thou, shalt be over my house; and at thy mouth, shall all my people [unspec 40] kisse: onely in the throne, will I be greater then thou. And Pharaoh said, unto Ioseph; see, I set thee, over all the land of Egypt. [unspec 41] And Pharaoh took-off his ring, from on his hand; and put it, upon Iosephs hand: and [unspec 42] arayed him, in vestures of fine-linnen; and put a chaine of gold, upon his necke. And [unspec 43] he made him to ride, in the second charret, which he had; and they cryed before him, Abrek: and he set him, over all the land of Egypt. And Pharaoh said, unto Ioseph, I [unspec 44] am Pharaoh: and without thee, shall not a man lift-up his hand, or his foot, in all the land of Egypt. And Pharaoh called Io∣sephs [unspec 45] name, Zaphnath-paaneach; and he gave unto him Asenath, the daughter of Poti-pherah, priest of On, to wife: and Ioseph went-out, over the land of Egypt. And [unspec 46] Ioseph was thirty yeares old; when he stood before Pharaoh King of Egypt: and Ioseph went-out, from before Pharaoh; and passed through all the land of Egypt. And in the se∣ven yeares of plenty, the land yeelded, by [unspec 47] handfulls. And he gathered up all the meat [unspec 48] of the seven yeares, which were in the land of Egypt; and layd-up the meat, in the cities: the meat of the field which was round about every city, he layd-up within the same. And [unspec 49] Ioseph gathered corne, as the sand of the sea, very much: untill he left numbring, for it was without number. And unto Ioseph [unspec 50] were borne two sonnes; before there came a yeare of the famine: which Asenath the daughter of Poti-pherah, priest of On, bare unto him. And Ioseph called, the name of [unspec 51] the first-borne, Manasses; for God hath made me forget, all my molestation; and all my fathers house. And the name of the second, [unspec 52] called he Ephraim; for God hath made me fruitfull, in the land of my affliction. And [unspec 53] the seven yeares of plenty, which were in the land of Egypt; were ended. And the [unspec 54] seuen yeares of famine, beganne to come; as Ioseph had said: and the famine was in all lands; but in all the land of Egypt, there was bread. And all the land of Egypt, was fami∣shed; and the people cryed to Pharaoh, for [unspec 55] bread: and Pharaoh said unto all the Egyp∣tians, Goe unto Ioseph; what hee saith unto you, doe. And the famine was, over all the [unspec 56] face of the earth: and Ioseph opened all (the houses) that (had corne) in them, and sold to the Egyptians: and the famine wex∣ed strong, in the land of Egypt. And every [unspec 57] land, came into Egypt; to Ioseph, for to buy (corne) because the famine was strong in eve∣ry land.

Annotations.

〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 Here beginneth the tenth section of the ••aw, called AT THE END: See Gen. 6. 9.

Vers. 1. of dayes] that is, two full yeares; as a mo∣neth [unspec 1] of dayes, is a full moneth; Gen. 29. 14. See the notes on Gen. 4. 3. So in the second yeare, Nebu∣chadnezar dreamed: Dan. 2. 1. and behold] the Greeke translateth, he thought he stood. So in v. 17.

Vers. 3. ill] that is, deformed, or (as the Greeke [unspec 3] translateth) foule. So after, in v. 4. &c. brink] or bank, Hebrew. lip, So v. 17.

Vers. 6. East-wind] whose propertie is to burne [unspec 6] and blast the fruits: Ezek. 17. 10. and 19. 12. Hos. 13. 15.

Vers. 7. the thin] the Greeke addeth, the seven [unspec 7] thin eares: so in ver. 20. 24. a dreame] or, the dreame was; that is, continued in his minde and troubled him, as the next words manifest. Of a dreame, see Gen. 20. 3. and 37. 5.

V. 8. striken amazed] the Greeke translateth, his [unspec 8] soule was troubled. The Hebrew word signifieth striken or beaten as with a hammer; be hammered. The same is spoken of King Nebuchadnezar in like case, Dan. 2. 1. 3. It sheweth the power of God in his word & works, even before men do understād the meaning of them. magicians] in Hebrew Char∣tummim, the Greeke calleth them here expositors (elsewhere, inchanters, Exod. 7. 11.) they were such as had skill in the nature of things. Nebuchadnezar

King of Babylon called also for such, to shew him his dreame, Dan. 2. 2. and Belshazzar, his vision, Dan. 5. 7. 8. wise-men] the Learned of all Na∣tions, were so called, even among the Iewes, Matt. 23. 34. among the Greeks they were named Phi∣losophers, that is, Lovers of wisdome. Act. 17. 18. Py∣thagoras was the first, who devised the name, be∣cause he thought no man was wise, but God onely. dreame] both his dreames, as the word them after manifesteth: called a dreame, because they were both one, v. 26. or, after the usuall manner of the Hebrew tongue, that putteth one for many: see Gen. 3. 2. interpreter] that could interpret. Thus God maketh the wisedome of the wise, to perish, Esay 29. 14. So was it also with the Mages of Babylon, Dan. 2. 10. and 5. 8.

Vers. 13. he] that is, Pharaoh restored: v. 20. The [unspec 13] Greek translateth, that I was restored to my principali∣tie, and he was hanged. place] that is, as Chaldee expounds it, Office, or ministration. So Gen. 40. 13.

Vers. 14. brought him hastily] Hebr. made him run. So Daniel was brought before the King in hast, Dan. [unspec 14] 2. 25. Of Ioseph it is said, The King sent and loosed him; the ruler of the people (sent) and released him: Psal. 105. 20. dungeon] or pit: the Chaldee saith, the house of the prisoners. shaved] who before (it seemeth) had let his haire grow, in signe of sor∣row and mourning, as i••. 2 Sam. 19. 24. Mephibo∣sheth had not trimmed (as the Chaldee paraphrast saith not shorn) his beard; from Davids departure, till his returne in peace. And other nations kept this rite: for T. Livius (in his 6. booke) telleth how one Malius being cast in prison, many men sor∣rowing for him, did let the haire of their head and beard grow long. The like is mentioned of others, Plutarch, in Caton. Vtic. Cicero in Orat. de lege Agrar. And by shaving, understand polling in a seemly sort; for to shave the haire all away, specially of the beard, was also a signe of sorrow, Ier. 41. 5. There∣fore both extremities are forbidden, and the mean commanded to the Priests, in Ezek. 44. 20. See al∣so the notes on Lev. 10. 6. garments] his prison weeds, which were also mournful, and so not meet to come in before the King; as Est. 4. 2.

Ver. 15. thou wilt heare] or, that thou canst under∣stand: as hearing often signifieth, Gen. 11. 7. The [unspec 15] Greeke translateth, that thou hearing dreames, dost interpret them. to interpret] or, as the Chaldee explains it, & interpret it. See the notes on Gē. 2. 3.

Ver. 16. It is not in me] or, Be it not in me, to take this upon me: or, without me, God will answer. The [unspec 16] Greeke (neglecting the points and distinctions) translateth, without God, shall not be answered, the sal∣vation of Pharaoh. The Chaldee addeth, not out of my wisdome, but from before the Lord, answered shall be the peace of Pharaoh. Like modesty was in Daniel al∣so, not to take the glory to himselfe, Dan. 2. 30. 28. peace] in Greek, salvation: peace comprehend∣eth welfare, prosperity, safety, and all good things. For the word Salom, peace, hath the signification of in∣tegritie and whole perfection of ones good estate. So Gen. 37. 18.

Vers. 19. evilnesse] that is, leannes, ill favourednes, [unspec 19] or deformity.

Ver. 21. the inward parts] that is, the bowels, as the [unspec 21] Chaldee; the bellies, as the Greeke translateth. This noteth the greatnes of the famine: v. 30. And both sorts of kine, fat & leane, comming out of the same river, seemed to portend the means of the famine. For in Egypt there falleth no raine, but the land is watred by the overflowing of the river Nilus, and by the husbandmens care to draw small rivers a∣long to moysten the country, Deu. 11. 10. 11. And as the overflowing of that river is lesse or more, so have they their increase. I awoke] the Greek addeth, and slept againe.

Vers. 30. the land] that is, as the Chaldee explay∣neth, [unspec 30] the people of the land: So v. 36. See Gen. 11. 1.

Ver. 31. very heavy] or vehemently grievous: the [unspec 31] Greeke translateth in strong.

Ver. 32. the thing] Hebr. word. firmly-prepared] [unspec 32] or surely purposed, stablished: the Greek saith, the word is true. Here God teacheth the reason, why things are sundry times repeated in the Scriptures.

Vers. 34. Bishops] or overseers, officers to visit and [unspec 34] looke to the state of the land. The Hebr. Pakid as the Gr. Episcopos, (from whence wee have formed our English word Bishop) is any man that hath charge & office, for any busines civill or ecclesia∣stical: as the Bishops of the army, Num. 31. 14. 2 King. 11. 16. the Bishops (or overseers) of them that did the work, 2 Chron. 34. 12. 17. So among the Priests & Levites, Num. 4. 16. Neh. 11. 9. 14. and Ministers of the Gospell, 1 Tim. 3. 1. 2. take up the fift] Hebr five the land; as to tithe, is to take the tenth part. So Thargum Ierusalemy expounds it, to take up one of five. Thus taught hee providence in the time of plenty, against time of want; as Solomon doth by example of the pismire, Prov. 6. 6. 7. 8. See also Luk. 16. 9.

Ver. 35. of Pharaoh] the Chaldee explaineth it, [unspec 35] of Pharaoh officers.

Vers. 36. for store] or, provision; a thing committed [unspec 36] in trust to be kept. See Lev. 6. 2. the land] the Chaldee saith, the people of the land: as in v. 30.

Ver. 37. the word was good] or, the thing was plea∣sing. [unspec 37] God gave Ioseph favour and wisdome in the fight of Pharaoh, Act. 7. 10. and enclined the Kings heart to assent unto good counsell: for the hearing eare, and the seeing eye, the Lord hath made even both of them: Prov. 20. 12.

Vers. 38. spirit of God] The Chaldee paraphra∣seth, [unspec 38] the spirit of prophesie from before God. The like praise is of Daniel, Dan. 4. 6. & 5. 11. So for office in the Church, men are to bee chosen full of the holy spirit, Act. 6. 3. By this speech of Pharaoh, and by the verse following, it may be gathered, that Io∣seph preached many things unto the king, of God, his power, providence, goodnes, &c. whereupon the King made him a teacher of wisdome unto his Se∣natours, Psal. 105. 22.

Ver. 39. all this] the Greeke saith, all these things. [unspec 39] Ioseph hath honour, for opening mysteries: so Da∣niel in Babylon, Dan. 2. 46. 47. and 5. 29. and the Lambe Iesus; Rev. 5. 5. 9. 12. And as Ioseph by telling two dreames, fell into affliction, Gen. 37. 8. 19. 20. So here by expounding two dreames, he commeth to his exaltation. discreet &c. the

Greek translates it, more prudent and wiser then thou.

Vers. 40. over my house] as steward: or governour, [unspec 40] as the Chaldee saith, Officer of my house: so 1 Kings 8. 3. 2 Kings 18. 18. Luk. 12. 42. He made him Lord of his house, and ruler of all his possession. Psal. 105. 21. mouth] that is, word (as the Chaldee explaineth it) or commandement: so Iob 39. 30. Num. 9. 20. Luk. 19. 22. Gen. 24. 57. kisse] or apply, namely the hand to the mouth, as Iob 31. 27. in signe of honor and obedience; so the Gr. translateth, at thy mouth shall all my people obey. Or, we may refer it to the for∣mer, shall kisse thy mouth, that is, love, honor, obey thee and thy words; in which sense David saith, kisse the son, Ps. 2. 12. and Samuel kissed Saul, when he anointed him King, 1 Sam. 10. 1. and men kisse his lips, that answereth right words, Prov. 24. 26. The Chaldee translateth, at thy word shall all the people be armed. Ioseph had authority over all the Princes of Egypt, to bind them to his will, and to make the Elders wise: Psal 105. 22. the king made him governour o∣ver Egypt, and all his house, Act. 7. 10.

V. 41. I set] or give: so v. 43. these words are used [unspec 41] as one: see Gen. 1. 17. and 9. 12. and 17. 5. The Gr. saith, I constitute thee this day. As Ioseph over Egypt, so Daniel had the government over Babylon, for expounding the Kings dreame, Dan. 2. 48. Thus God bringeth low, and lifteth up: raiseth up the poore out of the dust; and lifteth up the begger from the dung∣hill, to set him among Princes, &c. 1 Sam. 2. 7. 8. Psal. 113. 7.

Ver. 42. fine linnen] or, bysse, in Hebrew, shesh: [unspec 42] a kind of silk that groweth in Egypt & other lands Ezek. 27. 7. It made costly white cloth, which great personages used to weare: Pro. 31. 22. Ezek. 16. 10. Luk. 16. 19. Rev. 19. 8. The Greeke and Chaldee terme it bysse. See the notes on Exod. 25. 4.

Ver. 43. the second] Kings had two charrets, for more honour and use, 2 Chron. 35. 24. by setting [unspec 3] Ioseph hereon, the King honored him; as Morde∣cai was, by riding on the Kings horse, Est. 6. 8. &c. The Hebrew phrase is charret of the second, wherby may bee meant of the second person, or next to the King. The Greeke translateth, second charret. Abrek] the Chaldee translateth this is the father of the King: as compounded of Ab, a father, and Rek, which the Syriak useth sometime for a King, according to the Latine Rex: and Ioseph profes∣seth, that God had made him a father to Pharaoh, Gen. 45. 8. Thargum Ierusalemy also expoundeth it, God save (or Live let) the Father of the King; the Master in wisdome, and tender in yeeres. Or Abrek is to kneele-downe; the same that Habrek, after the E∣gyptian manner of pronouncing, as Egalti Es. 63. 3 is used for Higalti: & Ashcem Ier. 25. 3. for Hashcē.

Ver. 44. am Pharaoh] that is, King: for this is an honourable title, and no proper name: see the [unspec 44] notes on Gen. 12. 15. It may also be an oath, to confirme his authoritie: so true as I am Pharaoh; so without thee, &c. his hand or foot] that is, do any thing. The Chaldee as before hee spake of armes, ver. 40. so here againe, translateth, without thy word shall not a man lift up his hand to hold weapons, nor his foot to ride on a hgrse, &c.

V. 45. Zaphnath paaneach] Egyptian words, which [unspec 45] the Gr. leaveth untranslated, the Chaldee para∣phrast interpreteth, The man to whom secrets are re∣vealed: & Philo saith, a finder out of secret things. Hie∣rom expoundeth them, the saviour of the world. priest of On] or Prince, President; (as the Chaldee calleth him Rabba. But the Gr. translateth Priest of Heliopolis. He might be both, as was the manner of those times & places. See Gen. 14. 18. And among the Egyptians, Priests were learned men & Doctors of Arts, aswell as sacrificers to their Gods, Diodor. Sicul. 2. Book. On was a City in Egypt called also Aven, Ezek. 30. 17. in Gr. Heliopolis; that is, the City of the Sun. They of Heliopolis are reported to be the wisest of al the Egyptians, and unto that Citie the people used to resort once a yeer to do honor unto the Sun, by sacrifice. Herodot. in Euterpe. over] the Chaldee addeth, ruler over the land. So in verse 46.

V. 46. old] Hebr. son, that is, going on his 30. yeere: see Gen. 5. 32. So this exaltation of Ioseph was 13. yeers after he was sold into Egypt, Gen. 37. 2. And at this age of 30. yeeres our Lord Iesus began his administration, Luk. 3. 23. so did the Levites in the Lords tabernacle, Numb. 4. 3. and David then began his reigne, 2 Sam. 5. 4.

Ver. 47. yeelded] Hebr. made, that is, brought-forth fruit: see Gen. 11. by handfuls] meaning abun∣dantly, a handfull increase of one kernell.

Ver. 48. laid up] Hebr. gave: see Gen. 9. 12. the field which was &c.] in the Hebrew the words stand thus, the field of the citie which (was) round about it.

V. 51. Manasses] Hebr. Manassheh, the holy Ghost in Gr. calleth him Manassei, Rev. 7. 6. by interpre∣tation, it is Forgetting, or making to forget: the rea∣son wherof followeth. So in Esa. 65. 16. promise is made of former troubles to bee for gotten. fathers house] meaning the molestation and injurie which he had sustained at his brethrens hands.

Vers. 52. Ephraim] that is, Made fruitfull. This son was by Iakob set before his elder brother; & of these two, came two tribes, so Ioseph had a double portion for the first birthright. Gen, 48. 5. 14. 19. 20. 1 Chron. 5. 2.

Vers. 55. was famished] or hungred, had famine.

Vers. 56. all the houses, &c] in Greeke, all the barnes of corne. sold,] to weet, corne. The He∣brew word signifieth breaking, and because corne and meat breaketh mens fast and hunger; therupon it is applyed to the selling and buying of corn or food; the reason whereof is shewed in Gen. 42. 19. where it is called the breaking of the hunger; meaning corne for the hunger (or famine of their houses. So in Psal. 104. 11. by water, the wild asses are said to breake their thirst. To this al∣so we may adde, the phrase of breaking bread, that is, of distributing and communicating it, Esay 58. 7. Act. 2. 46. and 20. 7. He that withholdeth corn, the people shall curse him: but blessing shall bee upon the head of him that selleth it: Prov. 11. 16. [unspec 56]

Vers. 57. every land] or, all the earth: so the Chaldee saith, all the inhabitants of the earth: in Gr. all countries; that is, the people in them, meaning all the countries adioyning thereabout. in eve∣ry

land] or, in all the earth, as vers. 56. God called a famine upon the land, (or earth) he breake all the staffe of bread. But he had sent a man before Iakob and his house, even Ioseph, who was sold for a servant; him God sent before them, to preserve life: Psal. 105. 16. 17. Gen. 45. 5.