Annotations upon the five bookes of Moses, the booke of the Psalmes, and the Song of Songs, or, Canticles VVherein the Hebrevv vvords and sentences, are compared with, and explained by the ancient Greeke and Chaldee versions, and other records and monuments of the Hebrewes: but chiefly by conference with the holy Scriptures, Moses his words, lawes and ordinances, the sacrifices, and other legall ceremonies heretofore commanded by God to the Church of Israel, are explained. With an advertisement touching some objections made against the sinceritie of the Hebrew text, and allegation of the Rabbines in these annotations. As also tables directing unto such principall things as are observed in the annotations upon each severall booke. By Henry Ainsworth.

Annotations.

KEepe not silence, &c.] Hebr. let not silen••e (or [unspec 2] stilnesse) be to thee, that is, sit not still, but stir up thy selfe to help and avenge us on our enemies. So silence is used for sitting still, Iudg. 18. 9.

Vers. 3. lift up the head] insolently and boldly, [unspec 3] vaunting themselves, and warring against us. So Iudg. 8. 28. On the contrary, Gods people shall lift up their heads, that is, be of good comfort and cou∣rage, when their redemption draweth neere, Luk. 21. 28.

Vers. 4. thine hidden ones] that is, as the Greek ex∣plaineth [unspec 4] it, thy Saints, which are hidden of God in his tabernacle in the day of evill, from the strife of tongues, Psal. 27. 5. and 31. 21. whose life is hid with Christ in God, Col. 3. 3.

Vers. 5. from being] or, that they be no more a [unspec 5] nation; Moab and others consult thus against Isra∣el; after, the like is against Moab, and effected, Ier. 48. 2.

Vers. 6. in heart together] this noteth their ear∣nestnesse, [unspec 6] craftinesse, and joint consent in evill.

Vers. 7. the tents] that is, armies with their [unspec 7] Kings and Captaines, Iudg. 7. 13, 15. 2 Kings 7 7 10. Ier. 6. 3. Hab. 3. 7. Edom] the Edomites, or Idumeans, which were the sonnes of Esau, named Aedom: the brother of Israel; see the Notes on Psal. 60. 10. the Ismaelites] children of Ismael.

the sonne of Abraham, who was (with the bond-woman Hagar his mother,) cast out of his fathers house for persecuting his brother Isaak, in whose evill wayes his children here walke, Gen, 16. 1. 15. and 21. 9 10. 14. Gal. 4. 22, 29, 30. Moab] the Moabites, the posteritie of Lot; see Psal. 60. 10. the Hagarens] the Chaldee Paraphrast calleth them Hungarians. They were the posteritie of Ie∣tur, Maphish, and other like children of Ismael, son of Hagar, of whom came twelve Princes of their nations, Gen. 25. 12, 15, 16. some of which were called by their fathers name Ismaelites, (as be∣fore) some by their grandmothers name Hagarens, and dwelt in Arabia, Eastward from Gilead, neare to the Israelites, 1 Chron. 5. 10, 19. The word Ha∣garims, signifieth fugitives, or strangers, (as the Greeke turneth them, paroikous, 1 Chron. 5. 10.) they were after called Saracens, which in the Ara∣bick tongue is theeves.

Vers. 8. Gebal] that is, the Gebalites, or Gi∣bleans, [unspec 8] that dwelt in the Province or Citie Gebal (or Gabala) in Phoenicia neere Sidon, whence Solomon had Masons, or stone-hew∣ers, 1 Kings 5. 18. Ezek. 27. 9. Ammon] the Ammonites, that came of Lot, as did the Moabites, Gen. 19. 37. 38. These nations which were neerest allied unto Israel, and whom God would not suf∣fer the Israelites to molest, when they came out of Egypt, Deut. 2. 4 5. 9, 19. combine here together against Israel to cast them out of Gods inheritance, so evill did they reward them, as King Iehosha∣phat complained, 2 Chron. 20. 10, 11, 12. A∣malek] the Amalekites which were of Eliphaz the son of Esau, the brother of Israel, Gen. 36. 12, 16. they dwelt in the South countrey neere Ganaan, Num. 13. 30. were the first that fought against Isra∣el, Exod. 17. 8. &c. for which God would have had their remēbrance put out frō under heaven, Deut. 25. 17, 18, 19. and King Saul was sent to performe it, but did it not fully, 1 Sam. 15. 2, 3, 9. and 28. 18. and was himself slain by an Amalekite, 2 Sā. 1. 8, 9, 10. the Philistines] or Palestina: see the Note on Ps. 60. 10. Tyrus] the Tyrians, w^ch remembred not the brotherly covenant that had bin between thē & Israel, Amos 1. 9. See the Note on Ps. 45. 13.

Vers. 9. Ashur] the Assyrians, the posteritie of [unspec 9] Shem the son of Noah, Gen. 10. 22. This nation was the rod of Gods wrath against Israel, who in the end captived ten tribes, Esai. 10. 5, 6. 2 King. 15. 29. and 18. 9, 11, 13. &c. The Chaldee para∣phraseth, Senacherib also the King of Ashur, &c. an arme] that is, an helpe, (as the Greeke saith,) & a strength to Lots sons, the Moabites & Ammonites. Thus were here ten peoples, confederates against God & his people. So in Gen. 15. 19. 20. 21. there are ten wicked nations, whose land is given upon conquest to Abrahams seed.

Vers. 10. as to Midian] the Midianites, the po∣steritie of Abraham, by his concubine Keturah, [unspec 10] 1 Chron. 1. 32. who being turned I do laters, drew Is∣rael to sin in the wildernesse, for which Moses re∣venged the Israelites of them, by the slaughter of all their males, and their five Kings, and a wonder∣full great spoile, Nū. 31. 1, 7, 8, 16. 32, &c. but after that recovering and oppressing Israel in their own land, were by Gedeon and 300 men, vanquished, when they lay in the valley like grashoppers in multitude, Iudg. 6. 1. and 7. 7. 12. 22. &c. and to this victory hath the Psalmist here reference. as to Sisera] the Captaine in the host of Iabin, King of the Canaanites; he had nine hundred cha∣riots of Iron, and vexed Israel sore, but by Deborah a Prophetesse, and Barak a Captaine of Naphtali, the Lord destroyed Sisera, with all his host and chariots; there was not a man left, and Sisera flying, was killed by Iael, Hebers wife, who drove a naile into the temples of his head, Iudg. 4 2, 3,—21. Iabin] the King of Canaan, who upon the death of his Captaine Sisera forementioned, was subdued and destroyed before the Israelites, Iudg. 4. 23, 24. at the brooke] or in the bourn, that is, the valley of Kishon: the Hebrew Nachal (as our English bourn,) signifieth both a valley and a river running in it. Kishon was a river at the foot of mount Carmel; by it Sisera & the Kings of Canaan fought, & were vanquished; and the bourn Kishon swept them away, Iudg. 4. 13. and 5. 19. 21. Endor] a citie by Ki∣shon, neere unto Taanach and Megiddo, where the Canaanites perished, Iosh. 17. 11. Iudg. 5. 19. dung for the earth] that is, lay rotting above ground unburied, as is explained, Ier. 8. 2. and 16. 4.

Vers. 12. Put them] or him, that is, every one of [unspec 12] their nobles, and all jointly. See the Notes on Psal. 2. 3. Oreb and Zeeb] two Princes of the Madi∣anites whom Gedeon slew, Iudg. 7. 25. Zebach and Salmunach] two kings of the Madianites, whom Gedeon also pursued and killed, Iudg. 8. 12, 21. authorised] or anointed, that is, Princes, as the Greeke expresseth, and the Chaldee transla∣teth them Kings. See the Notes on Psal. 2. 6.

Vers. 14. as a rolling thing] or wheele; but here [unspec 14] is meant a light thing, as chaffe or straw, that rolleth or turneth round before the whirlewind, as the next words shew, and a like speech in Isa. 17. 13. plainly manifest. Elsewhere the word signifieth al∣so a wheele, Isa. 28. 28: and the sphere or round orbe of the aire, Psal. 77. 19.

Vers. 15. seare] or burne up. See the like simili∣tudes, [unspec 15] Deut. 32. 22.

Vers. 17. with shame] or dishonour, contempt: [unspec 17] the Hebrew word properly signifieth lightnesse; as the contrary honour is so called of weightinesse, Psa. 3. 4. that they may seeke] or, and let them seeke: it may be meant of the enemies forementioned, for∣ced to seeke and call on God, as Psal. 18. 42. or indefinitly, that men may seeke. So after in verse 19.

Vers. 19. Iehovah] This is the chiefest name of [unspec 19] the eternall and most blessed God, so called of his essence, being or existence, which is simply one, Deut. 6. 4. The force of this name the holy Ghost openeth by He that is, that was, & that will be, or, is to come, Rev. 1. 4. 8. and 4. 8. & 11. 17. and 16. 5. and the forme of the Hebrew name implieth so much; Ie, being a signe of the time to come, Iehevah, he will be, 〈◊〉〈◊〉, of the time present; Hoveh, he that is; and vah, of the time past; Havah, he was. It importeth that God Is, & hath his being of himself frō before

all worlds, Isa. 44. 6. that he giveth being or existēce unto all things, and in him all are and consist, Act. 17. 25. that he giveth being unto his word, effe∣cting whatsoever he hath spoken, whether pro∣mises, Exod. 6. 3. Isa. 45. 2, 3. or threanings, Ezek. 5. 17. and 7. 27. It is in effect the same that Ehjeh, I will be, or I am, as God calleth himselfe, Exod. 3. 14. Of this the Gentiles named the greatest God, love, and Iu-piter, that is, Iah father, (of the shorter name Iah, mentioned Psal. 68. 5.) and Varro the learnedest of the Romanes, thought love to be the god of the Iewes. August. l. 1. de consens. evan. c. 22. Hereof also in Greeke writers he is called Iao, Di∣odor. Sicul. l. 2. c. 5. Clem. Alex. strom. l. 5. Macrob. l. 1. Saturnal. c. 18. But in the Greeke tongue the name Iehovah cannot righly be pronounced; and for it the Greeke Bibles haue Lord, which the new Testament followeth, as Mark. 12. 29. from Deut. 6. 4. and elsewhere usually; and the Hebrew Text sometime putteth Adonai, Lord, or Aelohim, God, for Iehovah; as Psal. 57. 10. compared with Psal. 108. 4. 2 Chron. 25. 24. with 2 King. 14. 14. When Adonai, Lord, is joyned with it. it is written Ieho∣vih, as Psal. 68. 21. then the Iewes read it Aelo∣him, God, as at other times they read it Adonai, Lord; and pronounce not Iehovah at all at this day; though in ancient dayes it appeareth to be otherwise. The Greeke history of Baruch, seemeth to use in stead of it, Aionios, that is, the eternall, or, everlasting, Bar. 4. 10, 14, 20, 32, 24, 35. and 5. 2. See the Annotations on Gen. 2. 4. onely thou] or, onely thine, that is, which onely hast Iehovah for thy name; for the true God hath onely being, and Idols are nothing in the world, 1 Cor. 8. 4. and Angels, and Magistrates are called Elohim Gods, Psal. 8. and 82. but Iehovah is peculiar to very God alone. And this is that name (I suppose) which the authour of the booke of Wisedome cal∣leth incommunicable, Wisd. 14. 21. Yet this is the name of Christ, called Iehovah our justice, Ier. 23. 6. for Gods name is in him, Exod. 23. 21. and he is very God, and eternall life, 1 Ioh. 5. 20.