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A Psalme of Asaph] that is, made by him, as the [unspec 1] Chaldee saith, An hymne by the hand of Asaph; or to Asaph, that is, committed vnto him to sing. For Asaph was a Seer or Prophet, which made Psalms as did David, 2 Chron. 29. 30. Also he and his sons, were singers in Israel, 1 Chron. 25. 2. The God
of Gods] that is, God of all Angels, Iudges and Rulers of the world: or as the Chaldee saith, The mighty (God) the God of Iehovah. Three titles of God here used together, Ael, Aelohim, Iehovah. So in Iosh. 22. 22. the going downe] that is, the West, where the Sunne setteth, or (after the He∣brew phrase) goeth in, as at the rising, it is said to goe out, or come forth, Gen. 19. 23.
Vers. 2. Out of Sion] the state of the Church un∣der [unspec 2] the Gospell, Heb. 12. 18. 22. Psal. 2. 6. there∣fore in this Psalme, the legall sacrifices appointed at mount Sinai, are reproved, and the worship of God in spirit and truth commended. the whole perfection] or, the Vniversality of beautie, that is, which is wholly and perfectly beautifull. See the like praise of Sion, Psal. 48. 3. Lam. 2. 15. shineth clearly] as the Sunne shineth in his strength: that is, appeareth in glorious majestie. This also is a signe of favour, Iob 10. 3. Psal. 80. 2. So God shined from mount Paran, Deut. 33. 3.
Vers. 3. Our God come] a praier to hasten his comming, as in Rev. 22. 20. or, as the former, our [unspec 3] God will come. So the Chaldee paraphraseth, The just shall say, In the day of the great judgement, our God will come, and not silent, to execute the vengeance of his people. fire shall eat] that is, consume, de∣voure. So God is called an eating fire, Deut. 4. 24. that is, as the Apostle expoundeth it, a consuming fire, Heb. 12. 29. and the sight of his glory on mount Sinai, was like eating (consuming) fire, Exod. 24. 17. and fire out of his mouth eateth, Psal. 18. 9. a storme be moved] a tempest raised: which maketh fire the more fierce and forcible. And these things signifie Christs judgements against hypocriticall carnall worshippers: see Mal. 3. 1, 2, 3. Mat. 3. 12.
Vers. 4. call to the heavens &c.] that heaven and earth may beare record; as in Deut. 31. 28. [unspec 4] and 32. 1. Isa. 1. 2. The Chaldee expoundeth it, He will call the high Angels from above, and the just of the earth from beneath.
Vers. 5. have stricken my covenant] or have cut, that is, made covenant with me with sacrifice. For at [unspec 5] holy covenants, the sacrifices were cut asunder, and they went betweene the parts, Gen. 15. 10, 13, 18. Ier. 34. 18. See Psal. 25. 10. See also a cove∣nant betweene God and his people with sacrifice, Exod. 24. 4,—8. The Chaldee openeth it thus; which have stricken the covenant, and confirmed the Law, and beene busied in praier, which is like to sa∣crifices.
Vers. 6. And the heavens] hereby may be meant the heavenly Angels, as in Iob 15. 15. and so the [unspec 6] Chaldee translateth, high Angels, or the meteors in the aire, thunder, lightning, &c. Exod. 19. 16. 18. See also Psal. 97. 6. and 89. 6. he is Iudge] himselfe in his owne person, and not by his ser∣vants onely, as afore time, Heb. 1. 1, 2. 2 Tim. 4. 1.
Vers. 7. testifie to thee] that is, give thee con∣testations, admonitions, charges, &c. to cause the [unspec 7] more obedience, as Nehem. 9. 29. 2 King. 17. 15. Exod. 19. 21. 23. or, testifie against thee, (as this phrase sometime signifieth, Deut. 4. 26. and 31. 28.) that is, convince thee of disobedience: Both these are done in this Psalme, verse 14, 15. 18, 19. &c.
Vers. 8. for thy sacrifices] so elsewhere hee saith, [unspec 8] I spake not to your fathers, &c. concerning sacri∣fices, Ier. 7. 22. are before me] so the Greeke explaineth it; and so Israel used to weary God with outward offerings, Isa. 1. 11. 14, Mic. 6. 6, 7. Amos 4. 4, 5.
Vers. 9. goat-buckes] the he-goats; such with [unspec 9] bullocks were principall in the sacrifices, Num. 7. 17. 23, &c. Psal. 66. 15.
Vers 11. store of beasts] all sorts of beasts that [unspec 11] range about. So Psal. 80. 14.
Vers. 12. If I were hungry] This the Chaldee [unspec 12] expoundeth, If the time come of the continuall sa∣crifice, I will not tell thee. So it may bee a prophesie of Christs abolishing the daily sacrifice, as in Dan. 9. 27.
Vers. 14. a confession] a thanke-offering. There [unspec 14] was an oblation in the law thus called, Levit. 7. 12, 15. mentioned also in Ps. 116. 17. and 107. 22. which the Apostle openeth, exhorting to o••••er the sacrifice of praise continually to God, that is, the fruit of the lips, confessing to his name, Heb. 13. 15. See also Psal. 95. 2. The Chaldee saith, Subdue evill concupiscence, and it shall be counted before the Lord as a sacrifice of confession. vowes to the most high] that is, to God, Gen. 14. 18. so hee that in Luke 6. 35. is the Most high, in Matth. 5. 45. is our Father which is in heaven. To him vowes were made with prayers, Gen. 28. 20. Psal. 61. 6. and paid with thanksgiving, Psal. 65. 2. and 66. 13, 14. and by law their payment was required, Deut. 23. 23. Eccles. 5. 5. Psal. 76. 12. and there were sacrifices for vowes, Levit. 7. 16. But the Chaldee referreth this here to the vow which they made at mount Sinai, to confirme the commandements, (Exod. 19.)
Vers. 16. what hast thou to doe] the Hebrew [unspec 16] phrase is, what to thee? the Greeke, wherefore doest thou?
Vers. 17. nurture] or restraint, chastisement; [unspec 17] which is the way of life, Prov. 6. 23. and 12. 1. The Chaldee addeth, nurture of wise men. behinde thee] or after thee. See a like speech, Neh. 9. 26.
Vers. 18. then thou] Hebr. and thou runnest, or [unspec 18] readily consentest, takest pleasure. And, may be omit∣ted in our English; it serveth to increase the readi∣nesse & earnestnesse of the affections. He that parta∣keth with a theefe, hateth his soule, Prov. 29. 24.
Vers. 19. thou sendest out] that is, usest and ap∣pliest [unspec 19] it. thy tongue joyneth] or, with thy tongue thou joynest, framest, compactest.
Vers. 20. ill report] or infamie, offensive scanda∣lous [unspec 20] speech; (as the Greeke turneth it, scandall) a word not found but in this place.
Vers. 21. I was surely] Hebrew, I being had b••••ee, [unspec 21] or was. set in order] to wit, thy faults; as the Greeke explaineth it, I will set thy sinnes before thy face. The Chaldee giveth this paraphrase, Thou thoughtest to be for ever; thou saidst in thy heart, I shall be like God: but I in powerfull wrath will take vengeance on thee, I will rebuke thee in this world, and order the judgement of Gehenna in the world to come, before thee.
Vers. 22. no reskuer] or no deliverer. A simili∣tude taken from Lions, which catch and teare their [unspec 22] prey, from whose jawes none can reskue. See the like in Hos. 5. 14.
Vers. 23. he that sacrificeth confession] that is, [unspec 23] which giveth confession (or thankes) as a sacrifice, the Greeke translateth, The sacrifice of praise shall glorifie me; the Chaldee, He that slayeth evill con∣cupiscence, and subdueth it, it shall be counted to him as a sacrifice of confession. disposeth his way] com∣poseth and ordereth it according to these directions: or, he that putteth this way before him. to see the salvation] that is, to enjoy it; or, I will shew it him. In Hebrew the word in redoundeth. See Psal. 27. 4. So Psal. 91. 16. and 85. 8.