Annotations upon the five bookes of Moses, the booke of the Psalmes, and the Song of Songs, or, Canticles VVherein the Hebrevv vvords and sentences, are compared with, and explained by the ancient Greeke and Chaldee versions, and other records and monuments of the Hebrewes: but chiefly by conference with the holy Scriptures, Moses his words, lawes and ordinances, the sacrifices, and other legall ceremonies heretofore commanded by God to the Church of Israel, are explained. With an advertisement touching some objections made against the sinceritie of the Hebrew text, and allegation of the Rabbines in these annotations. As also tables directing unto such principall things as are observed in the annotations upon each severall booke. By Henry Ainsworth.

CHAP. X.

1 The Lord commandeth to make two silver trumpets, and to use them for calling of the assem∣bly, and for the journeying of the camps, and when they went to warre, and when they offered sacrifice in their solemnities. 11 The cloud rising, the Israe∣lites remove from Sinai to Paran. 14 The order of their march. 29 Hobab is intreated by Moses not to leave them. 33 The praier of Moses, at the removing and resting of the Arke.

ANd Iehovah spake unto Moses, say∣ing; Make unto thee, two trumpets [unspec 1] [unspec 2] of silver; of beaten worke shalt thou make them: and they shall be unto thee, for the calling of the assembly, and for the jour∣neying of the camps. And they shall blow with them; and all the assemblie shall assem∣ble [unspec 3] themselves unto thee, at the doore of the Tent of the congregation. And if they blow with one, then the Princes, the heads [unspec 4] of the thousands of Israel, shall assemble themselves unto thee. And (if) yee blow an alarme, then the camps, that encampe on [unspec 5] the East-side, shall take their journey. And [unspec 6] if ye blow an alarme the second time, then the camps, that encampe on the South-side, shall take their journey: they shall blow an alarme for their journeyes. And when yee [unspec] gather together the Congregation, ye shall blow, and shall not sound an alarme. And [unspec] the sonnes of Aaron the Priests, shall blow with the trumpets; and they shall be unto you, for a statute for ever, throughout your generations. And if yee goe to warre in [unspec 9] your land, against the distresser that distres∣seth you; then ye shall sound an alarme with the trumpets, and ye shall be remembred be∣fore Iehovah your God, and ye shall be saved from your enemies. And in the day of [unspec 10] your gladnesse, and in your solemne feasts, and in the beginnings of your moneths, then ye shall blow with the trumpets, over your Burnt-offrings, and over the sacrifices of your Peace-offrings: and they shall be unto you for a memoriall before your God; I, am Iehovah your God.

And it was in the second yeere, in the se∣cond [unspec 11] moneth, in the twentieth day of the moneth, the cloud was taken up from off the Tabernacle of the Testimonie. And [unspec 12] the sonnes of Israel journeyed, by their jour∣neyes, out of the wildernesse of Sinai; and the cloud rested in the wildernesse of Pha∣ran. And they journeyed, at the first, at [unspec 13] the mouth of Iehovah, by the hand of Mo∣ses. And the standard of the campe of the [unspec 14] sonnes of Iudah, journyed in the first (place,) according to their armies: and over his army, was Naasson the son of Amminadab. And [unspec 15] over the armie of the tribe of the sons of Issa∣char, was Nethaneel, the son of Zuar. And [unspec 16] over the armie of the tribe of the sons of Za∣bulon, was Eliab, the son of Helon. And [unspec 17] the Tabernacle was taken downe: and the sons of Gershon, and the sons of Merari jour∣neyed, bearing the Tabernacle. And the [unspec 18] standard of the campe of Reuben journeyed, according to their armies: and over his armie, was Elizur, the son of Shedeur. And over [unspec] the armie of the tribe of the sons of Simeon, was Shelumiel, the sonne of Zurishaddai. And over the armie of the tribe of the sons of Gad, was Eliasaph, the sonne of Deguel.

And the Kohathites journeyed, bearing the [unspec 21] Sanctuarie: and they set up the Tabernacle against they came. And the standard of [unspec 22] the camp of the sons of Ephraim journeyed, according to their armies: and over his army, was Elishama, the son of Ammihud. And over the armie of the tribe of the sons of Ma∣nasses, [unspec 23] was Gamaliel, the sonne of Pedahzur. And over the armie of the tribe of the sons [unspec 24] of Benjamin, was Abidan, the son of Gide∣oni. And the standard of the campe of the sons of Dan journeyed; the rereward [unspec 25] of all the camps throughout their armies: and over his armie, was Ahiezer, the sonne of Ammishaddai. And over the armie of the tribe of the sons of Aser, was Pagiel, the [unspec 26] son of Ocran. And over the armie of the tribe of the sonnes of Naphtali, was Ahira, [unspec 27] the son of Enan. These were the journey∣ings of the sons of Israel, according to their [unspec 28] armies, when they journeyed.

And Moses said unto Hobab the son of Reguel the Midianite, the father in law of [unspec 29] Moses; We are journeying unto the place, of which Iehovah said, I will give it unto you; goe thou with us, and we will doe thee good, for Iehovah hath spoken good con∣cerning Israel. And he said unto him, I [unspec 30] will not goe: but unto my land, and unto my kinred, I will goe. And he said, Leave [unspec 31] us not I pray thee; forasmuch as thou know∣est our encamping in the wildernesse; and thou maiest be to us for eyes. And it shall [unspec 32] be, if thou wilt goe with us; yea it shall be, that that good, wherewith Iehovah shall doe good unto us, we also will doe good unto thee. And they journeyed from the mountaine of Iehovah, three daies journey: [unspec 33] and the Arke of the covenant of Iehovah journeyed before them, the three daies jour∣ney, to search out for them a rest. And [unspec 34] the cloud of Iehovah was over them by day, when they journeyed out of the campe.

And it was, when the Arke journeyed, [unspec 35] that Moses said; Rise up, Iehovah, and let thine enemies be scattered; and let them that hate thee, flee from thy face. And [unspec 36] when it rested, hee said; Returne Ieho∣vah, (unto) the ten thousands thousands of Israel.

Annotations.

MAke unto thee] After the constitution and order of the Church about the Lords San∣〈…〉〈…〉ie, and for their journeying towards Canaan; here followeth the appointment of such publike instruments as were requisite for the congregation, both when they journeyed and when they rested, when they went to war, or were in distresse, and when they were in peace. two trumpets] a trum∣pet (called Chatsotsrah) was of metall, a Cornet (called Shophar, whereof see Levit. 23. 24.) was of horne; both these were used after in Israel, 2 Chron. 15. 14. Psalm. 98. 6. Here at first were but two trumpets, as Aaron had but two sons Priests, Eleazar and Ithamar: after as the Priests and busi∣nesse were increased, so were the number of trum∣pets, that in Solomons time there were 120. Priests sounding with trumpets, 2 Chron. 5. 12. From which places compared, the Hebrew canons shew, that there never might be in the Sanctuarie at Gods publike worship there, fewer than two trum∣pets, nor moe than 120. Maimony in Cle ham∣mikdash, ch. 3. sect. 4. of silver] which was the purest metall, and fittest for sound; fit also for sig∣nification, for the word of God, and lively graces of his spirit, were figured by these trumpets, as Esai. 58. 1. and 27. 13. Ezek. 33. 3. Rev. 4. 1. 1 Cor. 14. 8. So the Hebrewes say, the trumpets were to be made of silver; if of any other kinde of me∣tall, they were unlawfull, Maim. in Cle hammik∣dash, ch. 3. sect. 5. The tongue of the just, is as choise silver, Prov. 10. 20. and, the words of the LORD, are pure words, as silver tried, &c. Psalm. 12. 7. beaten worke] wrought with the hammer, bea∣ten into a plate, of one whole peece: so the gol∣den Candlesticke was, Exod. 25. 31. It signified the labour of the ministers of God, giving them∣selves continually to praier, and to the ministerie of the word, Act. 6. 4. that the trumpets may give a cleare and certaine sound, for and unto the people. for the calling] for to call together the congrega∣tion. This was the first of the foure speciall uses of these trumpets, when the people rested, to as∣semble them unto the Lord in his Sanctuarie, for to heare his word, to pray, and to doehim worship. As, Blow the trumpet in Sion, sanctifie a fast, call a solemne assembly, Gather the people, sanctifie the congregation, &c. Ioel 2. 15, 16. and, Blow the trumpet in the new moone, &c. Psalm. 81. 4. It sig∣nified that all the meetings of the Church should be sanctified by the word of God and prayer. for the journeying] to cause the camps, (that is, the people in their camps or tents) to take their journeyes. This was the second use of the trum∣pets, to sanctifie by their sound, the journeyes and travels of Gods people; that as their rest, so all their motions might be in God, by the conduct of his word and spirit. Thus were there three things to be observed at their removings; the Lords ta∣king up of the cloud, Num. 9. 18. 22. the sound of the trumpets, Num. 10. 2. 5. 6. and the prayer of Moses, Num. 10. 35.

Verse 3. And they] that is, the Priests shall [unspec 3] blow, as is expressed in vers. 8. The Greeke tran∣slateth, thou shalt blow, meaning Moses, by the Priests whom he appointed thereto. with them] with both of them: for when but one was blowne, the Princes onely assembled, vers. 4.

Verse 4. with one] the Latine translateth it, [unspec 4] once; but the Greeke better, with one trumpet•• heads] that is, captaines (governours) of thou∣sands; in Greeke, Chiliarchs: see Exod. 18. 21. Thus was there one trumpet for the rulers, and one for the people, that all their assemblies might be in the name, and by the signe of the Lord: and the Governours might have their meeting apart, but not the people without the Governours pre∣sence; for wha••soever concerned the people, it belonged also to the Princes with them, in resting or journeying, peace or warre. And all assem∣bled unto Moses the chiefe, and figure of Christ, Heb. 3. 1, 2.

Verse 5. And if ye blow] or, And ye shall blow [unspec 5] an alarme, and the camps, &c. So after: and thus the Greeke translateth it. an alarme] or, a bro∣ken sound; in Hebrew, Trugnah, which is general∣ly any loud broken ringing noise, either with trumpets, as here; or with mens voices and shou∣tings, as in 1 Sam. 4. 5. and this, either a ioyfull shout, and triumphant noise, as Num. 23. 21. Psal. 47. 6. Ezr. 3. 11, 12. or a mournfull cry, as Ier. 20. 16. See the notes on Levit. 23. 24. This bro∣ken sound or alarme, was fittest to stir vp and incou∣rage the mindes of the people to rise and march forward to battell against the Canaanites: as the former continued equall sound, was for their quiet assembling vnto the seruice of God, and hearing of his Law. And unto this difference the Apostle hath respect, when he saith, If the trumpet give an uncertaine sound, who shall prepare himselfe to the battell? 1 Cor. 14. 8. And therfore also the Greeke here and often otherwhere, translateth it signe, or signification, because by it, the people distinctly perceived what they were to doe. Andir signified, how God by his trumpeters the Prophets and Apostles, hath distinctly signified his will unto his Church, for all things needfull, to furnish them unto all good works, 2 Tim. 3. 16, 17. and such should be the teaching of all his Ministers. The Hebrew Doctors have understood the for∣mer blowing with an equall continued sound, to be a signe of mercy to Israel; and this alarme or broken sound, to be a signe of judgment against their enemies. R. Menachem on Num. 10. saith, The blowing (of trumpets) signified mercies; there∣fore in the time of assembling the people, he saith, And they shall blow with them, and all the assembly shall assemble themselves unto thee, Num. 10. 3. for the gathering of them is in mercy, as it is written, Re∣turne, ô LORD, unto the ten thousand thousands of Israel, Numb. 10. 36. Likewise, And he was King in Iesurun, when the beads of the people, the tribes of Israel were gathered together, Deut. 33. 5. But their journeying was with an alarme, Num. 10. 5. because the divine Majestie went before them; and it is written, Rise up LORD, and let thine ene∣mies be scattred, Num. 10. 35. So the walls of Ie∣richo fell with an alarme (or shout) Iof. 6. 20. be∣cause Gods Majestie went before them to consume their enemies, &c. on the East side] which were Iudah, Issachar and Zabulon, Num. 2. 3-7.

Verse 6. on the South side] Reuben, Simeon, and [unspec 6] Gad, Num. 2. 10. &c. for their journeyes] or, according to their journeyings; that is, not for these two quarters onely, but for the other also: as Chazkuni observeth, for all the foure camps. Here therefore the Greeke version addeth by way of ex∣planation, And ye shall sound the third alarme, and the camps that encampe towards the West shall 〈◊〉〈◊〉 their journey: and ye shall sound the fourth alarm•• and the camps that encampe towards the North, 〈◊〉〈◊〉 take their journey. The like is signified also by F••. Iosephus, in Antiq. Iudaic. lib. 3. c. 11. Where the Latine version misseth, interpreting Noton, the backe part of the Tabernacle (which was westward,) when it meaneth the South: and the third, 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Liba, westward, he turneth Southward; when Li〈…〉〈…〉 is one of the westerne winds, as sheweth Aul. Gel∣lius, in Noct. Attic. l. 2. c. 22.

Vers. 8. a statute for ever] an everlasting or∣dinance: [unspec 8] the outward rite continuing till Christs comming, the spirituall use abiding still for ever; that by the preaching of the word, and prayer, the Ministers of God should guide his people in all their affaires.

Vers. 9 yee goe to warre] Hebr. yee come to warre, which the Greeke translateth, come forth. But com∣ming [unspec 9] is often used for going: as in Ion. 1. 3. com∣ming (that is, going) to Tharshish. the distre〈…〉〈…〉 in Greeke, the adversaries that resist you. This was the third use of the trumpets, to be sounded in time of warre and tribulation: whereof there be exam∣ples in Israels warre against the Midianites, Num. 31. 6. in the Iewes war against the Aposta••e Israe∣lites, when they said, Behold God is with us, for a captaine; and his Priests with sounding trumpets, to cry alarme against you, 2 Chron. 13. 12. and sun∣dry the like. This one distresse of war, is of some thought to be named for all other cal••mities; as the Hebrew canons declare, saying; It is comman∣ded by the Law, to cry out, and to sound an alarme with trumpets, for every distresse that shall come upo•• the congregation; as it is written, Against the di∣stresser, that distresseth you, Num. 10. 9. as 〈◊◊〉〈◊◊〉 should say, every thing that shall distresse you, 〈◊〉〈◊〉 〈…〉〈…〉∣mine, and pestilence, and locusts, and the like; ye 〈◊〉〈◊〉 cry out for them, and sound an alarme. And 〈◊〉〈◊〉 thing belongeth unto repentance: for when distr〈…〉〈…〉 commeth, and they cry out because of it, and make an alarme; all doe know, that for their evill deeds, they are afflicted; as it is written, Your iniquities have turned away these things, and your sinnes have with-bolden good things from you, (Ier. 5. 25.) &c. And by the exposition of our Scribes, we are to humble our selves for every distresse that 〈◊〉〈◊〉 come upon the Congregation, till mercy be shewed from heaven. Maimony in Misn. tom. 1. in Taanioth, or treat. of Fasts (or Humiliation) chap. 1. sect. 1. &c. with the trumpets] with which sound, they were also to lift up their voice in supplication to the Lord, to fast, and pray; as in Ioel 2. 15. 17. 〈◊〉〈◊〉 the trumpet (or Cornet) in Zion, sanctifie a 〈◊〉〈◊〉 call a solemne assembly, &c. Let the Priests the mi∣nisters of the LORD, weepe betweene the P•••••••• and the Altar; and let them say. Spare thy people, ô LORD, &c. So in the warre of Abijah, 〈◊〉〈◊〉

cried unto the LORD, and the Priests sounded with the trumpets, and the men of Iudah gave a shout, &c. 2 Chron. 13. 14, 15. And Iehosaphat in his warre, proclaimed a fast, and prayed, 2 Chron. 20. 3. 6. &c. The order and manner of such fasts, the Hebrewes describe thus: In these daies of Humi∣liation, men are to cry out with prayers and supplica∣tions, and to sound an alarme with trumpets onely. But if they be in the Sanctuarie, they sound an al∣arme with trumpets and with cornet; and not with both of them together, save in the Sanctuarie; as it is written, With trumpets and voice of the cornet, sound an alarme before the King the LORD, Psal. 98. 6. These Fasts (or Humiliations) which they have decreed for the Congregation because of di∣stresses, are not day after day, for the multitude of the congregation cannot continue in so doing. Neither doe they decree the fast to begin, save on the second day of the weeke, and then on the fift day after that, and in the second day (of the weeke) after that againe; and so after this order, on the second day, and the fift, and the second, till mercy be shewed them. They decree no fasts for the congregation, on the Sabbaths, or Feast-daies; neither blow they in them with cor∣net or trumpets, nor cry out and make supplications in them; unlesse it be in a Citie that is besieged by heathens, or invaded by a slood, or in a ship ready to be cast away in the sea, &c. Neither decree they that a fast shall begin at the new Moones, or at the Feast of the Dedication of the Temple, or feast of Purim, or in the working day of any solemne feast. But if they have begun the Fast, though but one day, and any of these daies fall out, they fast, and ac∣complish the day in humiliation. These Fasts which are for distresse, women with child, and that give sucke, and little children fast not. And it is lawfull to eat in the night, when the fast is on the morrow. As the congregation is to fast for their distresse: so is a pri∣vate man to doe for his; as if he be sicke, or wander in the wildernesse, or be imprisoned, he is to humble himselfe, and seeke mercy by prayer (to God.) Every fasting day decreed for the congregation, the Iudges and Elders sit in the Synagogue, and make inquirie of the deeds of the men of that Citie, from after mor∣ning prayer till mid-day; and remove the stumbling blocks of transgressions; and doe admonish, and in∣quire, and search concerning injurious persons and transgressors, and separate them; and concerning vio∣lent persons, and humble them, &c. These are the di∣stresses, for which the congregation are to fast and 〈◊〉〈◊〉 an alarme. For the enemies of Israel that come against Israel; and for the sword that passeth by the land, as of heathens warring with heathens; and for the pestilence; and for evill beasts; and for Locusts; and for Caterpillers; and for blasting of fruits; and for meldew; and for ruine or downfall of buildings, by earthquake, winds, or the like; and for sicknesses that spread among the people; and for meanes of livelihood failing, to the decay of trading; and for raine, if it be too excessive, or too scarse: Every Citie that is distressed with any of these, is to fast, and sound an alarme, untill the distresse be taken away; and all that are round about that Citie, are to fast, but not to sound an alarme, but to request mercy for them. Mai∣mony in Taanioth ch. 1. & 2. That humiliations in times of dist••esse, were appointed of God, the Pro∣phet Ioel sheweth us, in whose time, Palmer-worms, Locusts, Canker-worms, Caterpillars, wasted the fruits of the earth; and drought, as fire and flame, burnt up the pastures, and trees of the field: for which the people were exhorted to fast and pray, which was performed with blowing of trumpets, and sounding alarme, &c. Ioel. 1. 4, 5. 13. 14. 19. 20. and 2. 1. 12. 13. 15. 16. &c. yee shall ••e re∣membred] the Chaldee explaineth it, the remem∣brance of you shall come up for good before the Lord. This is a promise of grace, annexed to the signes, the trumpets: for remembrance is sometime for evill, to punish iniquitie, Nehem. 6. 14. Ier. 14. 10. sometime for good, as Neh. 5. 19. and 13. 22. See the notes on Gen. 8. 1. Thus the silver trumpets signified the Ministers dutie, by preaching of the Law, to call men unto repentance for then sinnes, Esa. 58. 1. Ezek. 33. 3.—7. 8. H••s. 8. 1. ••el 2. 1. 15, 16. and to stirre them up to fight the Lords battels against Satan, sinne, Antichrist, &c 2 Chron. 13. 12. 15. Ier. 51. 27. Ios. 6. 8. Rev. 8. 6, 7, &c. In which battels, the Lord himselfe will be with his people, and blow the trumpet before them, Zach. 9. 14.

Verse 10. day of your gladnesse] in Greeke, [unspec 10] daies; one named for all. This is the fourth use of the trumpets, for joy and triumph before the Lord. And by the day of gladnesse, (distinguished from the solemne feasts) Baal 〈◊〉〈◊〉 understan∣deth the Sabbath day: or, it may be meant of any extraordinary day of rejoycing for any speciall mercy received, or deliverance from evill. As a•• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 first dedication of Solomons Temple, 2 Chr••••. 5. 12, 13. also at the returne out of 〈◊〉〈◊〉 p••ivi••ie, and at the foundation of the second Temple, they set th•• Priests in their apparell with trumpets, &c. and prai∣sed the Lord, whose mercy endureth for ever to∣wards Israel, Ezr. 3. 10, 11. and likewise at the de∣dication of the wall of Ierusalem, Nehem. 12. 27. 35. solemne feasts] the ordinary feasts appointed of God, whereof see Levit. 23. beginnings] called in Greeke New Moones, which were in Israel at the beginning of every moneth, and were among the Solemnities, Num. 28. 11. &c. at which times trumpets and cornets were blowne, as appeareth also by Psalm. 81. 4. with the Trumpets] After∣ward God by David and the Prophets ordained other instruments whereon the Levites played, cal∣led the instruments of musicke of the LORD, 2 Chrō. 7. 6. and they were, Psalteries, Harps, Cymbals, 1 Chron. 16. 5, 6. Flutes (or Pipes) and Timbrels, Psal. 149. 3. David also and the Prophets made Psalmes and Songs, which some of the Levites sung, whiles other played on the instruments, 1 Chron. 25. and 16. 7, 8. &c. And the Hebrewes recording the manner of service in the Temple, say, There might not be fewer than twelve Levites, standing upon the stage every day, to sing th•• song over the sacrifice alwaies. And they sung the song with meuth, without instrument. There might not be fewer Psalteries than two, nor moe than six: not fewer Pipes than two, nor moe than twelve: not fewer Trumpets

than two, nor moe than an hundred and twenty: not fewer Harpes than nine, but as many moe alwaies as they would: and but one Cymbal onely. Maimony tom. 3. in Cle hammikdash, chap. 3. sect. 3, 4. over your Burnt-offrings] a practise of this is shewed in Ezekialis time; for he set the Levites in the house of the Lord, with Cymbals, with Psalteries and with Harps, according to the commandement of David, and of Gad the Kings Seer, and of Nathan the Pro∣phet, (for the commandement was by the hand of the Lord, by the hand of his Prophets;) and the Levites stood with the instruments of David, and the Priests with the Trumpets. And Ezekiah commanded to offer the Burnt-offering upon the Altar, and when the Burnt-offring began, the Song of the Lord began, with the Trumpets and with the instruments ordained by David King of Israel. And all the Congregation worshipped, and the singers sang, and the trumpeters sounded: all (this continued) untill the Burnt-offring was finished, 2 Chron. 29. 25.—28. So when Solo∣mon sacrificed at the dedication of the Temple, the Levites that were singers, and others with Cym∣bals, Psalteries and Harps, were arrayed in white linnen, and stood at the East end of the Altar, and with them 120. Priests, sounding with trumpets. And the trumpeters and singers were as one, to make one sound to be heard, in praising and thanking the Lord; and they lift up their voice with the trumpets, and cymbals, and instruments of musicke, and praised the Lord; For he is good, for his mercy (endureth) for ever, 2 Chron. 5. 12, 13. of your Peace-offrings] The Hebrewes say, they used to sing the Song, over all the Burnt-offrings of the Congregation, which were due (to be offred;) and over the Peace-offrings of the solemne assembly, at the time when the wine (the drink-offering) was powred out. But the vo∣luntary Burnt-offrings which the Congregation of∣fred, &c. they sang not the song over them. Mai∣mony in Cle hammikdash, ch. 3. sect. 3. So they un∣derstood this Law, not for private mens sacrifices, but for the publike Churches: they did not blow, save onely at the Congregations offring which was ap∣pointed them, saith; Chazkuni on Numb. 10. This use of the trumpets signified the spirituall graces and joy that Gods people should shew forth in his service, directed thereto by his Ministers, Psal. 98. 6. and 150. 3. and 81. 3, 4. Ezr. 3. 10. 2 Chron. 5. 12, 13. Coloss. 3. 16. Ephes. 5. 18, 19. Blessed are the people that know the shouting-sound (or alarme of the trumpet,) Psal. 89. 16.

Vers. 11. second yeere] after Israel was come [unspec 11] out of Egypt, Num. 9. 1. second moneth] which we now call Aprill, the Hebrewes called it Ijar. twentieth day] the second Passeover being en∣ded, Num. 9. 11. when by Mount Sinai (where the Law was given them,) they had abidden twelve moneths, lacking ten daies, as appeareth by comparing Exod. 19. 1, 2. the cloud was taken up] by the Lord, which was a signe that now the people should remove, Numb. 9. 17. But they had withall, word from the Lord, who spake unto them, saying; Yee have dwelt long enough in this mountaine; turne you, and take your journey, and goe to the mount of the Amorites, &c. Behold I have gi∣ven the land before you; goe in, and posse〈…〉〈…〉 which Iehovah sware unto your fathers, Deu••. 1. 6, 7, 8. So both by word and signe, God called them from Sinai, the place of bondage, by reason of the Law there given, Gal. 4. 24, 25. unto the land〈…〉〈…〉 promise, which figured the state of grace and free∣dome by Iesus Christ: see the notes on Gen. 〈◊〉〈◊〉. 5.

Verse 12. by their journeyes] from Sinai to Ta∣berah [unspec 12] and Kibroth-hattaavah, Num. 11. 3. 34. and 33. 16. from Kibroth-hattaavah to H〈…〉〈…〉, 〈◊〉〈◊〉 from Hazeroth, into the wildernesse of 〈◊〉〈◊〉, Num. 11. 35. and 12. 16. Pharan] or 〈◊〉〈◊〉, the name of a wildernesse and mountaine in it, men∣tioned againe in Deut. 1. 1. and 33. 2. In this wil∣dernesse Ismael dwelt, Gen. 21. 22.

Verse 13. at the mouth] that is, the word, as the Chaldee saith, or, by the voice, as the Greeke tran∣slateth: see Num. 9. 18. 23. the hand] that 〈◊〉〈◊〉, the ministerie of Moses, who ordered the blowing of the trumpets, and sanctified the journey by prayer, v. 35. Thus they had foure things (at this first removall) to confirme their faith in their 〈◊〉〈◊〉∣vell through that terrible wildernesse; the Word••: God commanding them; and the lifting up of his cloud, for a signe visible; the word of Mosses in pra••∣er, and the sound of the trumpets for a signe 〈◊〉〈◊〉∣ble. And thus they were furnished with all go••d meanes to conduct them into their promised inhe∣ritance: wherefore amongst other mercies or God to Israel, the memoriall of this was after celebrate••, that he led his people in the wildernesse, for his 〈◊〉〈◊〉 endureth for ever, Psal. 136. 16. Deut. 8. 15. 〈◊〉〈◊〉. 63. 14. Ier. 2. 6.

Verse 14. according to] or, with their armies; [unspec 14] that is, with the armie of Issachar, and armie or Za∣bulon, both which were under the standard 〈◊◊〉〈◊◊〉∣dah, Num. 2. 2, 3.—9. So the Lion of Iudah as stan∣dard-bearer, and figure of Christ, goeth before them all, to fight in the forefront of the 〈◊〉〈◊〉. against the Canaanites: see Gen. 49. 8. Iudg. 〈◊〉〈◊〉. 〈◊〉〈◊〉. 〈◊〉〈◊〉.

Verse 17. was taken downe] after that the Priest had with veiles and clothes, covered the Ark〈…〉〈…〉 other holy things in the Tabernacle, as is prescri∣bed in Numb. 4. 5. &c. The taking downe of the Tabernacle, and removall thereof, and setting it up in another place; signified (among other th〈…〉〈…〉 the instabilitie of that legall figurative worship, which Christ at his comming was to abolish, 〈◊〉〈◊〉. 12. 27, 28. Also the unsetled estate of the Church, and all the members thereof, in the wildernesse••: this world, 2 Cor. 5. 1.—4. 2 Pet. 1. 14. Likewise the removall of the Church from one place and nation to another, from the Iewes to the Gentiles. Mat. ••1. 43. In regard of this unstayednesse, Mo∣ses said unto them, Yee are not yet come to the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Deut. 12. 9. But in Davids time he said, The 〈◊〉〈◊〉 hath given rest unto his people: and, the L〈…〉〈…〉 shall no more carry the Tabernacle, nor any of it, for the service thereof, 1 Chron. 23. 25, 26. 〈◊〉〈◊〉 further in the notes on Num. 4, 20. 〈…〉〈…〉 Tab.] having six wagons on which they 〈…〉〈…〉 boards and coverings; as is shewed in 〈…〉〈…〉 5. 7, 8, 9.

Verse 18. of Reuben] who was stand••••∣be••••er

to the second quarter, Numb. 2. 10.—16.

Vers. 20. Deguel▪ called sometimes Reguel. Numb. 2. 14. so here the Greeke nameth him [unspec 20] Ragovel.

Vers. 21. the Sanctuarie that is, (as the Greeke translateth) the holy things, as the Arke, Candle∣sticke, [unspec 21] Table, Altar, &c. which they were to beare on their shoulders, Numb. 4. 5.—15. and 7. 9. and they] that is, the Gershonites and Merarites forespoken of, in vers. 17. who therefore went before, that the house or tabernacle might be set up ready, to receive these holy things; for which the Tabernacle was made, and not they for the Ta∣bernacle.

Vers. 22. Ephraim] the standard-bearer to the third quarter: see Numb. 2. 18.—24. [unspec 22]

Vers. 25. the rere-ward] or, the gatherer, (in Greeke, the last of all the camps,) that gathered up [unspec 25] and tooke care of the weake ones and hindmost, (such as Amalek had before smitten, Exod. 17. Deut. 25. 17, 18.) as also of the Leprous and un∣cleane, such as had beene put out of the host, Num, 5. 2. (as in Num. 12. 15. the people journeyed not, till Mary (who had beeene a Leper) was gathered,) This shewed Gods love and care of the most weake among his people, in taking such order for their safetie. And unto this order of march, the Prophet hath reference in Esai. 52. 12. Iehovah will goe be∣fore you, and the God of Israel will be your rere-ward (or gatherer.) And David processing his faith in God, saith, Though my father and my mo∣ther should forsake me; yet Iehovah would gather mee, Psal. 27. 10. In like manner at the siege of Iericho, armed men went before the Priests that blew with the trumpets; and the rere-ward came after the Arke, Ios. 6. 9. 13.

Vers. 28. These were the journeyings] in Greek, These were the hosts (or armies.) By Th••se, is [unspec 28] meant the order of their marching in their jour∣neyes, which God, by this repetition, would have men to observe; & we may summarily view thus, When God tooke up the cloud, Moses prayed, and the Priests with the trumpets blew an alarme, then Iudah (the first standard) rose up, with Issa∣char and Zabulen; in which campe were 186. thousand and 400. men of warre (Num. 2. 9.) and they marched foremost. Then followed the Le∣vites of Gershon, and Merari, with six wagons bearing the boards and coverings of the Taber∣nacle.

The trumpets sounded an alarme the second time, then Reuben, Simeon and Gad, (with their armie of 151. thousand, 450. fighting men,) rose up, and followed the tabernacle.

After them went the Levites, sons of Kohath, in the middest of the twelve tribes, bearing on their shoulders, the Arke, Candlesticke, Table, Altar, and other holy things.

At the sound of the trumpets third alarme, rose up the standard of Ephraim, under which were of Ephraim, Manasses and Benjamin, 100. thousand and 8000. & an hundred men of war; and these fol∣lowed the Sanctuary going before them: unto which the Psalmist hath reference, when he praieth, Before Ephraim up thy strength, and come for salvation 〈…〉〈…〉 Psalm. 80. 3.

At the fourth alarme, the standard of ••an a∣rose, in whose campe were one hundred fifty seven thousand, and six hundred fighting m••n, of Dan, Aser and Naphtali; who not guarding the taber∣nacle, had charge of gathering all, and looking to the feeble, &c. that nothing should be lost, or 〈◊〉〈◊〉 behind. Thus the Sanctuary ••ad the middest, most safe and honourable place: the greatest campe went foremost, the next in greatnesse went hin•• most, for to resist all enemies, before and after. But the Lord 〈…〉〈…〉selfe was he that went before, and gathered behind, (〈◊〉〈◊〉 52. 12.) who when he rose up, his enemies were scattered, and they that hated him, fled before him, 〈◊〉〈◊〉. 〈◊〉〈◊〉. ••5. when he marched before his people in the wilder∣nesse, the earth quaked 〈◊〉〈◊〉 the 〈…〉〈…〉ens dropped, and he confirmed his inheritance when it was w••a∣ried, Psal. 68, 2. 8, 9, 10.

Verse 29. 〈…〉〈…〉bah] or, 〈◊〉〈◊〉, called in [unspec 29] Greeke, Iohah, sonne o•• Rag••v••l the M〈…〉〈…〉 Hee was also called 〈◊〉〈◊〉, Ex••d. 〈◊〉〈◊〉. 1. and 〈◊〉〈◊〉. Iarcht here expoundeth it H〈…〉〈…〉▪ but Ab••n 〈◊〉〈◊〉 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of another minds, that it was the brother of Zippora Moses wife, and so not father in law, but brother in law to Moses. This speach of Moses to his father in law, some thinke 〈◊〉〈◊〉 before, when he came to him with Zippo••ah, 〈◊〉〈◊〉. 18. 1, 2. &c. and so it may be translated, And Moses had said unto Hobab.

Verse 30. I will not goe] This deniall is [unspec 30] thought to be but for the present; and that Ho∣bab went to his owne country first, and after retur∣ned againe to Moses in the wildernesse; because there is mention of the posteritie of Hobab dwel∣ling among the Israeli••es in Canaan, Iudg. 1. 16. and 4. 11. 1 Sam. 15. 6. Or, if he returned not into the wildernesse, yet at the least, his posteritie came unto Israel in Canaan, as the Scriptures 〈◊〉〈◊〉∣mentioned shew.

Verse 31. for eyes] in stead of eyes, to guide us [unspec 31] by thy counsell and providence. The Greeke tran∣slateth it, Thou shalt be an Elder amongst us. Or, by eyes, may be meant deare, loved, and tendered, as men doe their owne eyes.

Verse 33. mount of 〈…〉〈…〉vah] the Chaldee ex∣plaineth [unspec] it, the mountaine whereon the glorie of the Lord had been revealed: that was Mount Sinai, where the Law had beene given. three dayes journey] or, three dayes way; which was both by Gods direction, & by his speciall power enabling the people to travell so long. The like journey was mentioned from Egypt, Exod. 3. 18. and after from the red Sea, ••x. 15. 22. and now from mount Sinai where the Arke of the covenant journeyed before them: which was a figure of Christ, and of his conducting and strengthening of the people; and his resurrection from the dead was the third day, 1 Cor. 15. 4. which was for our justification, and so for rest and peace unto our soules, Rom. 4, 25, and 5. 1, 2, 3. who said of himselfe, Behold I cast out De∣vilt, and I doecures today and tomorrow, and the

third day I shall be perfected, &c. Luke 13. 32, 33. Of the mysterie of this number three, and of the third day, see the annotations on Ge. 22. 4. jour∣neyed before them] The Arke was carried by the Levites in the middest of them, as appeareth by verse 14. 21. but the eyes of all the people were vnto the cloud conducting them, and to the Arke amongst them; the journeying and resting where∣of was sanctified by Moses prayer, before that the people might either set forward, or pitch their tents: and therefore it is said to journey before them. to search out] or, to espie; which the Chaldee expoundeth to prepare; the Greeke, to consider: it meaneth a diligent search and looking about for to know and finde out the estate of a place, as Num. 13. 2. 17, 18, 19, 20. So God is said to have searched out (or espied) the land of Canaan which he gave unto Israel, Ezek. 20. 6. And that which is here spoken of the Arke, Moses speaketh of God himselfe, in Deut. 1. 33. that he went before them to search out a place for them to pitch their Tents in. So Gods love and providence towards his Church in Christ, is hereby signified. Where∣fore that which Moses said to Hobab, Thou mayest be for eyes unto us verse 31. was not meant that hee should appoint them a place to pitch and rest in; but that he being acquainted with the places in that Wildernesse, might signifie the conditions, com∣modities or discommodities of the places w^ch God should designe them for to pitch their camps in. a rest] that is, as in Esai. 66. 1. a place of rest: so the Chaldee expoundeth it, a place of encamping, or re∣sting. Thus rest, is often used for a resting place, Psal. 132. 8. Gen. 8. 9. 1 Chr. 28. 2. Mic. 2. 10. Zac. 9. 1. This outward rest which God prepared for his people, figured the spirituall rest which we find for our soules, by following Christ in faith, Matth. 11. 29. Hebr. 4. 3. 10, 11.

Verse 34. the cloud of Iehovah] which had con∣ducted [unspec 34] them from Egypt to mount Sinai, Exod. 13. 21. 22. the same guided them still. The Chaldee calleth it the cloud of the glory of the Lord. was over them] or, upon them; the Chaldee understan∣deth, went (or journeyed) over them: the Greeke saith, did over-shadow them: and David teacheth that it was spred for a covering, Psal. 105. 39. name∣ly to shadow them from the heat of the Sunne: and in Num. 14. 14. Moses saith it stood over them. It signified unto them the glorious grace, guidance, and protection of God: and figured the like unto the Church after in Christ; who by his Word and Spirit, guideth and protecteth all his people, Esai. 4. 5, 6. For as God now led his people like a flocke in the Wildernesse, Psal. 78. 52. So Christ the good Shep∣heard calleth his owne sheepe by name, and leadeth them out, goeth before them, and the sheepe follow him, for they know his voyce; and goe in and out and finde pasture, Ioh. 10. 3, 4. 9. 11. See also the notes in Ex. 13. 21. by day] that is, in the day time, and dai∣ly, continually: for by day it was a cloud, and by night a fire: and this continued till they came to the promised land, Exod. 14. 20. 24. and 13. 22. Nehem. 9. 12. 19. Psal. 78. 14. Num. 14. 14.

Verse 35. Rise up] or, Stand up: it is opposed [unspec 35] to sitting still, and is meant here for the helpe and comfort of his people whom he conducted and for the destruction of his enemies, as the words follow∣ing manifest: and thus David often useth it, as in Psal. 3. 8. and 7. 7. and 10. 12. and 17. 13. and 4••. 27. But specially in the 68 Psalme, (which is a prophesie of Christ, his resurrection, and ascension into heaven,) and which he beginneth with these words of Moses, Let God rise up, let his enemies be scattered, &c. which sheweth that the fulfilling of all these mysteries, is by Christ and his rising from the dead, for the justification and salvation of his Church. Onkelos translateth it in Chaldee, Bee thou reveiled, O Lord: and Ionathan paraphraseth, Be thou reveiled now, O Word of the Lord, in the strength of thine anger. thine enemies] Iona∣than in Chaldee saith, the enemies of thy people: and after, those that hate them: for the enemies and persecutors of the Church, are the enemies of God himselfe, Act. 9. 4. Matth. 25. 45. Zach. 2. 8. This David sheweth, when saying vnto God, thine ene∣mies and thine haters; he annexeth, Against thy people they have craftily taken secret counsell, &c. Psal. 83. 3, 4. scattered] as broken asunder: so the word signifieth, Psal. 2. 9. The effect of Christs death and resurrection, is the breaking and scattering of the conjoyned forces of his enemies, Psal. 68. 2, 3. 13. 15. and the contrary gathering to∣gether in one, of the children of God that were scatte∣red abroad, Ioh. 11. 51, 52, Esai. 11. 10, 12. Re∣turne Iehovah (unto) the ten thousands] that is, as the Chaldee paraphraseth, Returne LORD, dwell with thy glory, among the ten thousands thou∣sands of Israel. Or, without supplying the word unto, as the Greeke translateth it, Returne, Lord, th•• thousands the ten thousands in Israel: that is, cause them to returne unto their rest from their travels. For the word Returne, may meane either Gods acti∣on in himselfe, returning to his people: or his acti∣on in them, returning, reducing & bringing them againe; as in Deut. 30. 3. Psal. 14. 7. and 126. 1. In both senses rest and quietnesse is implied, which Moses intreateth God to give unto his peo∣ple, and himselfe to remaine with them. So R. Menachem here expoundeth it to meane quiet∣neesse; according to Esai. 30. 15. In returning and rest shall ye be saved. But the first interpretation seemeth most fitting, that as when the cloud, Arke, and hoast remoued, he prayed God to Rise up and goe with them against their enemies: so when the Arke and people rested, he prayeth God to returne and remaine among them: for in his presence their chiefe joy and safety consisted, as hee elsewhere sheweth, Ex. 33. 14, 15, 16. And that there is often a want of such words necessary to be supplied, the Scripture elsewhere sheweth, as in 2 Sam. 4. 1. 〈◊〉〈◊〉 men were Sauls sonne, that is, were unto Sauls s〈…〉〈…〉: or, hee had two men: and such wants are many times supplied by other prophets: as the pillars that were the house, 2 King. 25. 13. that is, which wer•• in the house, Ierem. 52. 17. The Arke continu•• the house, 2 Sam. 6. 11. that is, continued in the house, 1 Chron. 13. 14. and sundry the like. See; Deut. 32. 43.