The faith, doctrine, and religion, professed, & protected in the realme of England, and dominions of the same expressed in 39 articles, concordablie agreed vpon by the reuerend bishops, and clergie of this kingdome, at two seuerall meetings, or conuocations of theirs, in the yeares of our Lord, 1562, and 1604: the said articles analised into propositions, and the propositions prooued to be agreeable both to the written word of God, and to the extant confessions of all the neighbour churches, Christianlie reformed: the aduersaries also of note, and name, which from the apostles daies, and primitiue Church hetherto, haue crossed, or contradicted the said articles in generall, or any particle, or proposition arising from anie of them in particular, heereby are discouered, laid open, and so confuted. Perused, and by the lawfull authoritie of the Church of England, allowed to be publique.

The propositions.

1. Christ is very God.

2. Christ is very man.

3. Christ is God, and man, and that in one person.

4. Christ is the Sauiour of mankinde.

1. Proposition. Christ is very God.

The proofe from Gods word.

IN the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and that Word was God a 1.1. This is written of Christ. Therefore Christ is God.

Christ was begotten of the Father from euerlasting b 1.2. There∣fore verie God.

This is life eternall, that they knowe thee to be verie God, and whome thou hast sent, Iesus Christc 1.3.

They shal call his name Emanuel, which is by interpretati∣on, God with vs d 1.4.

Christ he is the brightnes of the glorie, and the engraued i∣mage of (the Father) his person, and beareth vp all things by his mightie hand e 1.5. Therefore verie God.

And this both hath bin of the auncient Christians f 1.6, and is the Faith of the reformed Churches g 1.7.

The Errors, and adversaries vnto this truth.

Miserably therefore doe they erre, which either denie, or

impugne the deitie of our Sauiour, as did certaine old here∣tikes. viz.

The Arrians, whereof some were called the Douleians, be∣cause in scorne they tearmed the onely begotten of God, the Fathers seruant a 1.8.

The Cerinthians b 1.9.

The Ebionites, among whome some said that Christ Iesus was a meere man; others acknowledged him to be God, but not from euerlasting c 1.10.

The Eunomians d 1.11.

The Samosatenians, who thought that Christ was not the Sonne of God, before his incarnation e 1.12.

The Nestorians, whose opinion was, that Christ became God by merit, but was not God by nature f 1.13.

The Macedonians, which vtterly denied the Sonne to be of one substance with the Father g 1.14.

The Agnoites, who held that the diuine nature of Christ was ignorant of some things h 1.15.

Againe, some late heretikes euen to the death neuer would acknowledge Christ Iesus to be the true and verie God, as namely.

Certaine Catabaptists i 1.16.

Blandrat k 1.17.

Matthew Hamant (burnt at Norwitch an. 1579. one of whose heresies was that Christ was a meere, and sinnefull man l 1.18.

Francis Ket (burnt also at Norwitch an. 1588.) who most obstinatelie maintained that Christ was not God til after his resurrection.

Dauid George, sometime of Basil, who affirmed himselfe to be greater for power then euer Christ was m 1.19.

In oppugning the deitie of our Sauiour with these heretikes ioyne the Iewes n 1.20, and Turkes, which say that Christ was a good man, such as Moses and Mahomet were o 1.21, but not God. Hence Amurath▪ the great Turke in his letters vnto the Emp. Rodolph. the second, an 1593. tearmed our Sauiour in derision, The crucified God; vnto whome may be added the Familie of Loue p 1.22.

2. Proposition. Christ is very man.

The proofe from Gods word.

HOlding the humanitie of Christ wee ioyne with the bles∣sed Prophets, and Euangelists, who either prophecied of his future incarnation a 1.23, and conception in the wombe of a virgine b 1.24, or plainely auouched, and writ, both that the vir∣gine Marie was his mother c 1.25, and that, as verie man, he grewe, and increased in strength d 1.26, endured hunger e 1.27, and thirst f 1.28, wept g 1.29, and slept h 1.30, and suffered death i 1.31.

Hence the auncient Fathers, and Christians,

I beleeue in God, the Father almightie, &c. and in Iesus Christ, &c. which was conceiued by the holy Ghost, borne of the virgine Mary, suffered vnder Pontius Pilate, was crucified, dead and buried k 1.32.

The right faith is, that we beleeue and confesse, that our Lord Iesus Christ, the Sonne of God, is God and man. God, of the substance of the Father, begotten before the world; and man, of the substance of his mother, borne in the world. Perfect God, and perfect man, of a reasonable soule, and humane flesh subsisting. Equal to the Father, as touching his Godhead; and inferiour to the Father, touching his manhood l 1.33.

I beleeue in one God, the Father almightie, &c. and in one Lord Iesus Christ &c. who for vs men, and for our saluation came downe from heauen, and was incarnate by the holy Ghost of the virgine Marie, and was made man, &c m 1.34.

The verie same testifie Gods people in Heluetia n 1.35, Basil, o 1.36, Bohemia p 1.37, the Lowe countries q 1.38, France r 1.39, Ausburgh s 1.40, Wit∣temberg t 1.41, Suevia u 1.42, with many moe besides x 1.43.

The Errors and adversaries vnto this truth.

Therefore most wicked were the opinions of those men which held, viz. that,

1. Christ really, and indeed had neither bodie, nor soule, but was man in appearance onely, as the Manichies a 1.44, the Eu∣tychians b 1.45, the Marcionites c 1.46, and the Saturnians d 1.47.

2. Christ had a bodie without a soule; as thought the Euno∣mians e 1.48, the Arrians f 1.49, the Apollinarians g 1.50, with the Theopas∣chites h 1.51.

3. Christ tooke not flesh of the virgine Marie; so did the Valentinians thinke i 1.52, and so thinke the Anabaptists k 1.53, and the Familie of Loue, who make an allegorie of the Incarnati∣on of Christ l 1.54.

4. Christ tooke flesh onely, of the virgine, but no soule; as the Arrians m 1.55.

5. Christ tooke flesh not of the virgine onely, but by the seede of man too; so said Ebion n 1.56, and Carpocrates o 1.57.

6. The flesh of Christ was spirituall, and his soule carnal; so dreamed the Valentinians.

7. The carnal bodie of Christ was consubstantial with the Father; as published the Apollinarians q 1.58.

8. The humane nature of Christ before his passion, was deuoide of humane affections; so thought the Seuerites p 1.59r 1.60.

3. Proposition. Christ is God, and man, and that in one person.

The proofe from Gods word.

THat the Diuine, and humane natures of Christ, are vnited in one person, it accordeth with the holy Scripture. For, The worde was made flesh, and dwelt among vs (and wee sawe the glorie thereof, as the glorie of the onely begotten of the Father) full of grace and truth, saith the Euangelist Iohn a 1.61. And Matthew: Iesus when he was baptized &c. loe, a voice

(came) from heauen, saying, This is my beloued Sonne in whome I am well pleased b 1.62.

He that descended, is euen the same that ascended, farre a∣boue all heauens, that he might fill all things, saith S. Paul c 1.63.

Againe, Christ Iesus, being in the forme of God, thought it no robberie to be equall with God, he made himselfe of no reputation, and tooke on him the forme of a seruant, and was made like vnto men, and was found in shape as a man, &c. wherefore God hath also highly exalted him, &c. that euery tongue should confesse that Iesus Christ is the Lord, vnto the glorie of God the Father d 1.64.

And the same Apostle: There is one God, and one mediator betweene God and man, euen the man Christ Iesus; who gaue himselfe a ransome for all men e 1.65.

Vpon these, and the like grounds.

I beleeue in God, the Father almightie, &c. and in Iesus Christ his onely Sonne our Lord, which was conceiued by the holy Ghost, borne of the virgine Mary f 1.66.

The right faith is, that wee beleeue and confesse, that our Lord Iesus Christ, the Sonne of God, is God and man, &c. who although he be God and man; yet he is not two, but one Christ. One not by the conuersion of the Godhead into flesh; but by taking of the manhood vnto God. One altogether, not by confusion of substance, but by vnitie of person g 1.67. I beleeue in one Lord Iesus Christ, the onely begotten sonne of God, begotten of the Father before all worldes, God of God, light of light, very God of very God; begotten not made; beeing of one substance with the Father, by whome all things were made: Who for vs men &c. came downe from heauen, and was incarnate, &c. He suffered, and was buried, &c. and he shall come againe &c h 1.68. say the ancient and first Christians.

The very same is the beleefe, and confession of all the refor∣formed Churches at this present and alwaies hath bin i 1.69.

Errors, and adversaries vnto this truth.

Detestable therefore is the error,

Of the Acephalians; who denied the properties of the two natures in Christ a 1.70.

Of the Seuerites b 1.71; of Eutiches and Dioscorus, who affirmed the diuinitie, and humanitie of Christ to be of one, and the same nature.

Of the Monothelites; who denied that two wils, viz. a diuine, and humane, were in Christ c 1.72,

Of Theodorus Mesechius; who said that the word was one thing, and Christ another d 1.73.

Of Nestorius; who denied the two natures of Christ to be o∣therwise vnited, than one freind is ioyned to another e 1.74, which onely is in good will, and affection.

Of Seruetus; who said of Christ, that he was the patterne of all things, and but a figure of the Sonne of God; and that the body of Christ was compact of three vncreated elements f 1.75, and so confounded, and ouerthrewe both natures.

4. Proposition. Christ is the Sauiour of mankinde.

The proofe from Gods word.

Christ to be the Sauiour of mankinde we finde it perspicu∣ously in the holy Scripture, which teacheth vs that Christ was crucified, dead and buried a 1.76; and that to reconcile his Father vnto vs b 1.77; and to be a Sacrifice for all sinnes of men c 1.78.

Hence, I beleeue the forgiuenes of sinne d 1.79.

He suffered for our saluation e 1.80.

For vs men, and for our saluation, he came downe from hea∣uen f 1.81 say our forefathers in their confessions: as doe also our brethren through-out Christendome g 1.82.

Errors, and aduersaries vnto this truth.

Wicked then are all opinions, and assertions, contrarying, & crossing this truth: as;

That the Father, in his deitie, not the Sonne, in his humanity, did suffer, which error the Patripassians did hold a 1.83.

That Christ, aswell in his diuinitie, as in his humanitie, suf∣fered for mankind: an error of Apollinaris of old b 1.84; and of Is∣lebius, and Andreas Musculus, of late yeares c 1.85.

That the whole and holy Trinitie was crucified; as said Pe∣trus Antiochenus.

That Christ really, and indeed hung not on the crosse: for his passion was in showe onely, said the Cerdonites d 1.86, the Eu∣ticheans e 1.87, and the Manicheans f 1.88: and another man, said the Theopaschits g 1.89, and Basilides h 1.90, yea the very Deuils, and not Christ, said the Manichies i 1.91, suffered, and hung on the crosse.

That the whole passion of Christ is to be vnderstood alle∣gorically, and not according to the letter; as the Familie of Loue doe thinke k 1.92.

That Christ on the Crosse hath suffered ¹ for the redempti∣on of mankinde, and shall suffer againe for the saluation of the Deuills; such heretikes there haue bin l 1.93; ² as Iesus, but shal a∣gaine suffer as Iesus Christ (which was one of Francis Ket his heresies, for which he was burned); ³ for men, but one mother Iane is the Sauiour of women, a most execrable assertion of Postellus, the Iesuite m 1.94.

The fantasies of the Iacobites n 1.95, and Turkes o 1.96.

The popish doctrine touching the Masse, praiers vnto Saintes, Pardons, and Purgatorie, which make the passion of Christ either of none effect, or to put away but originall sinne onely p 1.97.

That albeit our Sauiour hath suffered for all men in gene∣rall: yet both each man must suffer for himselfe in particular q 1.98; and the workes of one man may satisfie the iustice of God for another r 1.99: which are popish errors.

That Christ died not for the sinns of all men; and that some

sinnes are so filthie, and enormous, as Christ his blood vpon true repentance of the delinquents part, cannot wash them a∣way: which was Kains s 1.100, Fr. Spiras t 1.101, and other desperate per∣sons error.

That whatsoeuer is written touching Christ his sufferings, must in vs, and with vs be fulfilled; the false doctrine of H.N. u 1.102

Notes

• a 1.1

  Ioh. 1.1.
• b 1.2

  Psal. 2.7. Acts 13.33. Heb. 1.5.
• c 1.3

  Iohn 17.3.
• d 1.4

  Matth. 1.23.
• e 1.5

  Heb. 1.3.
• f 1.6

  I beleeue in God the Fa∣ther &c, and in Iesus Christ his onely Son our Lord. Symb. Apost. The godhead of the Father, of the Sonne, and of the holy Ghost is all one: the glorie equall, the maiestie coeternall. Such as the Fa∣ther is, such is the Sonne. The Father vncreate, the Sonne vncreate. The Father incom∣prehensible, the Sonne incomprehensible. The Father eternall, the Sonne eternall. The Father is almightie, the Sonne almightie; the Father is God, and the Sonne is God; the Fa∣ther is Lord, and the Sonne is Lord. Symbol. Athanas. I beleeue in God the Father almigh∣tie &c. and in one Lord, Iesus Christ, the onely begotten Sonne of God, begotten of his Fa∣ther before all worlds, God of God, light of light, very God of very God; begotten, not made; beeing of one substance with the Father. Symbol. Nicen.
• g 1.7

  Confess. Helvet. 1. ar. 11.2. cap. 11. Bohem. cap. 4.6. August. ar. 6. Gal. ar. 13, 14. Belg. ar. 10. VVittemb. cap. 2. Suevica ar. 2.
• a 1.8

  Theod. haeret. fab. lib. 4.
• b 1.9

  Irenaeus.
• c 1.10

  Euseb. eccles. hist. l. 3. c. 27.
• d 1.11

  Basil. l. 5. con∣tra Eunom.
• e 1.12

  Concil. Bra∣car. cap. 2.
• f 1.13

  Liberatus.
• g 1.14

  Theodoret. l. 4. haeret. fab.
• h 1.15

  Gregor. epist. 22. l. 8.
• i 1.16

  Zuing. lib. contra Catabap.
• k 1.17

  Beza, epist. 19.
• l 1.18

  Holnis. chron. 12••99.
• m 1.19

  Hist. Dauidis Georg.
• n 1.20

  Lud. Caret. l. divinor. visor. ad Judaeos.
• o 1.21

  Policie of the Turkish Emp. c. 5. p. 16.
• p 1.22

  Display of the Fam. of Loue. H. 7. a.
• a 1.23

  The seed of the woman shall breake thine head. Gen. 3.15. The Scepter shall not de∣part &c. vntill Shiloh come. Gen. 49.10.
• b 1.24

  Behold, a virgine shall conceiue, and beare a sonne. Esa. 7.14.
• c 1.25

  Math. 10.18.23. Luk. 1.27.31.34.
• d 1.26

  Luk. 2.40.
• e 1.27

  When he had fasted 40 daies, and 40 nights, he was afterward hungrie. Mat. 4.2.
• f 1.28

  Ioh. 4.7. He said, I thirst. Ioh. 19.28.
• g 1.29

  Luk. 19.41.
• h 1.30

  Mark. 4.38.
• i 1.31

  Math. 27.50. Mark. 15.37. Luk. 23.46. Ioh. 19.30.33.
• k 1.32

  Symb. Apost.
• l 1.33

  Symb. Athan.
• m 1.34

  Sym. Nicen.
• n 1.35

  Confess. Helv. 1. ar. 11. & 2. c. 11.
• o 1.36

  Confes. Basi. ar. 4.
• p 1.37

  Confess. Bohem. c. 6.
• q 1.38

  Confess. Belg. ar. 18.
• r 1.39

  Con∣fess. Gal. ar. 14.
• s 1.40

  Confess. August. ar. 3.
• t 1.41

  Confess. VVittemb. c. 2.
• u 1.42

  Confess. Suevica. ar. 2.
• x 1.43

  Harman. confess. praef.
• a 1.44

  August. l. 14. contra Faust.
• b 1.45

  Niceph. l. 18. c. 52.
• c 1.46

  Philast. Beza, epist. 81.
• d 1.47

  Iren. l. 1. c. 22.
• e 1.48

  Basil. contra Eunom.
• f 1.49

  Theodoret. haeret. fab. l. 4.
• g 1.50

  Ruffin. lib. 2. c. 20.
• h 1.51

  Niceph. l. 18. c. 53.
• i 1.52

  Iren. l. 1. c. 1.
• k 1.53

  Confess. Belg. ar. 18.
• l 1.54

  H.N. prophe∣cie of the Spir. c. 19. sent. 9.
• m 1.55

  Epiphan.
• n 1.56

  Eusch. eccles. hist. l. 3. c. 27.
• o 1.57

  Iren. l. 1. c. 24
• q 1.58

  Athan. lib. de incar. Christ.
• p 1.59

  Tertul. lib. de car. Christ.
• r 1.60

  Niceph. lib. 17. c. 29.
• a 1.61

  Ioh. 1.14.
• b 1.62

  Math. 3.17.
• c 1.63

  Eph. 4.10.
• d 1.64

  Phil. 2.6, 7, 9, 11.
• e 1.65

  1. Tim. 2.5, 6.
• f 1.66

  Symbol. A∣post.
• g 1.67

  Symbol. A∣than.
• h 1.68

  Symb. Nicen.
• i 1.69

  Confess. Helv. 1. c. 11. & 2. ar. 11. Basi. ar. 4. Bohem. ar. 6. Gal. ar. 15. Belg. ar. 19. August. ar. 3. VVittem. c. 2. Suevica, ar. 2. Harmon. confess. praef.
• a 1.70

  Hartman Schedel.
• b 1.71

  Niceph. l. 16. cap. 33.
• c 1.72

  Volater. l. 17.
• d 1.73

  Magdeburg. eccles hist. Cen. 6. c. 5. fol. 319.
• e 1.74

  Niceph. l. 18. c. 48.
• f 1.75

  Beza epist. 81. Confess. Gal. ar. 14.
• a 1.76

  Math. 27.26. &c.
• b 1.77

  We were re∣conciled to God by the death of his Son. Rom. 5.10. God hath reconciled vs vnto himselfe by Iesus Chr. 2. Cor. 5.18. by his crosse, Eph. 2.16. It pleased the Father &c. by him to reconcile all things vnto himselfe. Colos. 1 19, 20.
• c 1.78

  He hath borne our infirmities, and carried our sorrowes. Esa. 53.4. He is the lambe of God, which taketh away the sinne of the world. Ioh. 1.29. Christ hath redeemed vs from the curse of the Law, when he was made a curse for vs. G••l. 3.13. God h••th made him sinne for vs, which knew no sinne, that we should be the righteousnes of God in him 2. Cor. 5.2. He is the reconciliation for our sinne, and not for ours onely, but ••lso for the whole world. 1. Ioh. 2.2.
• d 1.79

  Symb. Apostol.
• e 1.80

  Symb. Athanas.
• f 1.81

  Symb. Nicen.
• g 1.82

  Conf••ss. He••vel. 1. c. 11. & 2. ar. 11. Basil. ar. 4. Bohem. ar. 6. Gal. ar. 13.16.17. Belg. ar. 20.21. August. ar. 3. Saxun. ar. 3. VVittemb. c. 2. Suevica. Harmon. confess. praef.
• a 1.83

  D. August. de Trin. l. 5.
• b 1.84

  Magdeburg. eccles. hist. Ce••. 4. c. 5.
• c 1.85

  Beza, epist. 60.
• d 1.86

  Iren. l. 1. c. 23.
• e 1.87

  Nic. l. 18. c. 52.
• f 1.88

  August. contr. Faust. l. 15. c. 10.
• g 1.89

  Antoni••. tit. 13. c. 5. § 3.
• h 1.90

  Theod. Tert.
• i 1.91

  August. lib. de Fide, c. 32, 33.
• k 1.92

  H.N. Instr. ar. 4. sent. 17.29
• l 1.93

  VVitnes Tho. Aquin. on 1. Pet. 3.
• m 1.94

  Iesuits Catec. 1. book. c. 10.
• n 1.95

  Niceph. l. 18. c. 52.
• o 1.96

  Lonic. Tur. hist. tom. 1. l. 1.
• p 1.97

  See art. 22.31.
• q 1.98

  Test. Rhem. in. Rom. 8.17.
• r 1.99

  Ibid. in. Col. 1.24.
• s 1.100

  Gen. 4.
• t 1.101

  Hist. Fr. Spir.
• u 1.102

  Prophet. of the Spir. cap. 19. sent. 3.