THis battaile of Mantinaea was the greatest that had euer beene fought in that Countrie betweene the Naturals; and the last. For at Mara∣thon, and Plataea, the populous Armies of the barbarous Nations gaue [unspec 50] rather a great fame, than a hard triall to the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 valour, neither were the practice of Armes and Art Militarie so perfect in the begin∣nings of the Peloponnesian Warre, as long continuance and daily exercise had now made them. The times following produced no actions of worth or moment, those
The history of the world
About this Item
- Title
- The history of the world
- Author
- Raleigh, Sir, Walter, 1552?-1618.
- Publication
- At London :: Printed [by William Stansby] for Walter Burre[, and are to be sold at his Shop in Paules Church-yard at the signe of the Crane,
- 1614 [i.e. 1617]]
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To the extent possible under law, the Text Creation Partnership has waived all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above, according to the terms of the CC0 1.0 Public Domain Dedication (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/). This waiver does not extend to any page images or other supplementary files associated with this work, which may be protected by copyright or other license restrictions. Please go to http://www.textcreationpartnership.org/ for more information.
- Subject terms
- History, Ancient -- Early works to 1800.
- Link to this Item
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http://name.umdl.umich.edu/A10357.0001.001
- Cite this Item
-
"The history of the world." In the digital collection Early English Books Online. https://name.umdl.umich.edu/A10357.0001.001. University of Michigan Library Digital Collections. Accessed June 22, 2025.
Pages
Page 154
excepted which were vndertaken against fortaine enemies, prouing for the most part vnfortunate. But in this last fight all Greece was interessed, which neuer had more able Souldiers, and braue Commanders, nor euer contended for victory with greater care of the successe, or more obssinate resolution. All which notwithstan∣ding, the issue being such as hath beene related, it was 〈◊〉〈◊〉 best for euery particu∣lar Estate, that a generall peace should be established, euery one retaining what hee 〈◊〉〈◊〉 had, and none being forced to depend vpon another. The Messenians were by name comprised in this new league; which caused the Lacedaemonians not to enter into it. Their 〈◊〉〈◊〉 out 〈◊〉〈◊〉 not the rest from proceeding to con∣clusion; considering that Sparta was now too weake to offend her Neighbours, and [unspec 10] therefore might well bee allowed to shew that anger in ceremonies, which had no power to declare it selfe in execution. This peace, as it gaue some breath and re∣freshing to all the Country, so to the Cities of Athens and Sparta it affoorded leisure to 〈◊〉〈◊〉 after wealth by forraine emploiment in Aegypt, whither Agesilaus was sent with some smal forces to assist, or indeed, as a Mercenarie, to serue vnder Tachos King of Aegypt in his warre vpon Syria. Chabrias the Athenian, who had before commanded vnder Acoris King of Aegypt, went now as a voluntary, with such 〈◊〉〈◊〉 as he could raise, by 〈◊〉〈◊〉, and offer of good pay, to the same seruice. These 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Kings descended from Amyrlaeus of Sais, who rebelled against Darius 〈◊〉〈◊〉, 〈◊〉〈◊〉 retained the Country, notwithstanding all intestine dissensions, and [unspec 20] 〈◊◊〉〈◊◊〉, during three Generations of their owne race, were so well 〈◊〉〈◊〉 with the valour of the Grcekes, that by their helpe (easily procured with 〈◊〉〈◊〉) they conceiued great 〈◊〉〈◊〉, not onely to 〈◊〉〈◊〉 themselues, but to become Lords of the Prouinces adioyning, which were held by the Persian. What the issue of this great enterprise might haue been, had it not fallen by Domesticall rebellion, it is vncertaine. But very likely it is, that the rebellion it selfe had soone come to nothing, if Agesilaus had not proued a false Traitor, ioyning with Nectanebus, who rose against his Prince, and helping the Rebell with that 〈◊〉〈◊〉 which the money of Tachos had waged. This falshood Agesilaus excused, as tending to the good of his owne Countrie; though it seeme rather, that hee grudged because the King [unspec 30] tooke vpon himselfe the Conduct of the Armie, vsing his seruice onely as Lieute∣nant, who had made full accompt of being appointed the Generall. Howsoeuer it came to passe, Tachos being shamefully betraied by them, in whom he had reposed his chiefe confidence, fled vnto the Persian, who vpon his submission gaue him gen∣tle entertainement; and Nectanebus (who seemes to haue beene the Nephew of Tachos) raigned in his stead. At the same time the Citizens of Mendes had set vp an∣other King, to whom all, or most of the Aegyptians yeelded their obedience. But Agesilaus fighting with him in places of aduantage, preuailed so 〈◊〉〈◊〉, that hee left 〈◊〉〈◊〉 in quiet possession of the Kingdome; who in recompence of his treason to the former King Tachos, and good seruice done to himselfe, rewarded him with [unspec 40] two hundred and thirtie Talents of siluer, with which bootie sailing homewards, he died by the way. He was a Prince very temperate, and valiant, and a good Lea∣der in warre, free from couetousnesse, and not reproched with any blemish of lust; which praises are the lesse admirable in him, for that the discipline of Sparta was such as did endue euerie one of the Citizens (not caried away by the violent streame of an ill nature) with all, or the chiefe, of these good qualities. Hee was neuerthe∣lesse very arrogant, 〈◊〉〈◊〉, vniust and vaine glorious, measuring all things by his owne will, and obstinately prosecuting those courses, whose ends were beyond hope. The expedition of Xenophon had filled him with an opinion, that by his hand the Empire of Persia should be ouerthrowne; with which conceipt being transpor∣ted, [unspec 50] and finding his proceedings interrupted by the Thebans, and their Allies, hee did euer after beare such hatred vnto Thebes, as compelled that Estate by meere ne∣cessitie to grow warlike, and able, to the vtter dishonour of Sparta, and the irrepa∣rable losse of all her former greatnesse. The commendations giuen to him by
Page 155
Xenophon his good friend, haue caused Plutarch to lay his name in the ballance against Pompey the Great; whose actions (the solemne grauitie of carriage excepted) are very disproportionable. Yet we may truely say, That as Pompey made great warres vnder sundrie Climates, and in all the Prouinces of the Roman Empire, exceeding in the multitude of imploiments all that were before him; so Agesilans had at one time or other, some quarrell with euery Towne in Greece, had made a Warre in Asia, and meddled in the businesse of the Aegyptians, in which variety he went be∣yond all his Predecessours: yet not winning any Countries, as Pompey did many, but obtaining large wages, which Pompey neuer tooke. Herein also they are very like; Each of them was the last great Captaine which his Nation brought forth in time [unspec 10] of libertie, and each of them ruined the libertie of his Countrie by his owne Lordly wilfulnesse. We may therefore well say, Similia magis omnia 〈◊〉〈◊〉 paria; The resem∣blance was neerer than the equalitie. Indeede the freedome of Rome was lost with Pompey, falling into the hands of Caesar, whom he had enforced to take Armes; yet the Roman Empire stood, the forme of Gouernement only being chan∣ged: But the libertie of Greece, or of Sparta it selfe, was not for∣faited vnto the Thebans, whom Agesilaus had compel∣led to enter into a victorious warre; yet the Signiorie, and ancient renowne of Sparta was presently lost: and [unspec 20] the freedome of all Greece being wounded in this Theban warre, and after much bloud lost, ill healed by the peace ensuing, did very soone, vpon the death of Agesilaus, giue vp the Ghost, and the Lordship of the whole Countrie was seized by Philip King of Macedon, whose actions are now on foote, and more to be regarded than the Contemporarie [unspec 30] passages of things, in any other Nation. [unspec 40] [unspec 50]