Purchas his pilgrimage. Or Relations of the vvorld and the religions obserued in all ages and places discouered, from the Creation vnto this present In foure partes. This first containeth a theologicall and geographicall historie of Asia, Africa, and America, with the ilands adiacent. Declaring the ancient religions before the Floud ... With briefe descriptions of the countries, nations, states, discoueries, priuate and publike customes, and the most remarkable rarities of nature, or humane industrie, in the same. By Samuel Purchas, minister at Estwood in Essex.

CHAP. I.

Of ARABIA, and of the auncient Religions, Rites, and Customes thereof.

ARABIA is a very large Region, a 1.1 lying betweene two Bayes or Gulfes of the Sea, the Persian on the East, and that which hereof is called the Arabian, on the West: On the South is the Ocean; on the North is Syria and Euphrates. b 1.2 Plinie sets downe the Northerne Limits, the Hill Amanus, ouer∣against Cilicia and Commagena; many Colonies of them being there planted by Tigranes the Great: it thence (sayth he) declineth to our Sea and the Aegyptian shore, and to the heart of Sy∣ria to Mount Libanus. By a certaine workman∣ship of Nature it much resembleth the forme and site of Italie. c 1.3 Arabia signifieth Holy. The Na∣tions in this wide Tract of Land are many. It is the next to be spoken of in this our Discourse, according to our Geographicall method, as confining vpon Iudaea, whence we last departed.

d 1.4 Some deriue the name from Arabus, the sonne of Apollo and Babylonia. And the forged Berosus of Annius telleth, That Ianus pater sent one Sabus into Arabia Foelix; Arabus into Arabia Deserta; and Petreius into Petraea, all nephewes of Cham; all indeed the sonnes of Annius his braine. True it is, that Arabia is com∣monly diuided into those three parts, Petraea, Deserta, and Foelix. Of the Nations in Arabia, Plinie writeth largely, amongst the rest naming the Saracens, of which wee are anon to speake at large. But long before Plinie, the Scripture speaketh of the people of this Region (not onely those which are said to descend of Cush, the sonne

of Cham, but of many others which descended of Abraham. as Ishmael the sonne of Abraham, by Hagar; and e 1.5 Zimran, and Iokshan, and Medan, and Midian, and Ishbak and Shuah with their posteritie, the issue of Abraham by Keturah: who, after that Seba and Sabbetha, and Rama and Sabtheca had peopled some parts of Arabia, were sent away with their portions Eastward to the East Countrey, that is, into Arabia; where it is likely they mingled their Seed and Generations with those former of the posteritie of Cham: for therefore it seemeth Moses wife, Zipporah, was called a f 1.6 Cushite, or (as some reade) an Aethiopian, not that shee was of the Countrey Aethiopia, but a Midianite of Arabia, of Abrahams race: which Coun∣trey, because the posteritie of Cush had first inhabited, and happily had mingled themselues in marriages with them, shee is called a Cushite, which some wrong∣ly expound an Aethiopian; although Cush were also the father of the Aethiopi∣ans. This posteritie of Abraham are, in Scripture, often called the children of the East.

The name Foelix, or Happie, is giuen to the Southerly parts of Arabia, for the fertilitie thereof: g 1.7 the name Petraea to a second part, of Petra the Seat royall, after called Arach, of Aretas an Arabian King.

The Desert Arabia hath a name answerable to the nature thereof; being, in great part, without inhabitants, for the barrennesse of the soyle: as is also a great part of that which is called Petraea. This Desert Arabia is also h 1.8 called Aspera, Inferior, C••ua, and of the Hebrewes Cedar. It is bounded on the East with Baby∣lonia, and part of the Persian Gulfe; on the North with Mesopotamia, neere to Euphrates; on the West, with Syria and Arabia Petraea; on the South, are the Mountaines of Arabia Foelix. Neere to them and to Euphrates it hath some Townes, and is frequented with Merchants, otherwhere partly vnpeopled, partly (Strabo therefore tearmeth it i 1.9 Scenitis) fedde with such j 1.10 Roming Arabians, as haue no dwelling-houses, but remoue to and fro, seeking where to finde pasture for their Beasts, and lodge in Tents.

Dauid accounteth himselfe k 1.11 miserable for this dwelling in the Tents of Kedar or (as Tremellius reades it) l 1.12 as the Scenites of Kedar. Thus did the Patriarchs of old, thus did the Scythians, and thus doe the Tartars and the Arabians in Asia, Africa, and Europe, at this day, roming, rouing, robbing.

They m 1.13 which dwell in Townes and Cities, obseruing a more ciuill life, are cal∣led Moores, the other Arabians, in more proper appellation. The name Moores was giuen them of the Spaniards, because out of Mauritania they inuaded Spaine, and now n 1.14 is taken vsually, not so much for the inhabitants of the Arabian Cities, as for all of the Arabian and Mahumetane Superstition. Bosra is the chiefe Citie.

Arabia Petraea adioyneth on the West and North to Syria; on the East to the Desert Arabia; on the South to the Happie. Plinïe, Strabo, and Ptolomey call it Nabathaea. Some thinke, of Nebaioth, sonne of Ishmael. Tyrius calls it Arabia Se∣cunda. Now it is called by Ruscelli, Baraab; or after Ziglerus, Barra; or Bathalatha, after Castaldus.

Nigh to Syria it is more plentifull, then in other parts. The scarcitie of wood and water, with the barrennesse of the Soyle in other places, shew how it is ma∣ligned of the Elements. Both in this part, and the former, they had neede goe strong and well accompanied, for feare of Robberie and Spoyle, which the Arabi∣ans attend.

This part is famous vnto all Generations, not so much for the Amalekites, Midianites, and other their bordering Neighbours (of whome and their Reli∣gion somewhat is spoken o 1.15 before) as p 1.16 for the miraculous passage of the Is∣raelites through the same, and abode therein fortie yeares, in which time they receiued the Law, were fedde with Mauna; their Meat, Drinke, Clothing, Iudge∣ments, Mercies, continually yeelding miraculous euidence of GODS presence a∣mongst them.

Bellonius visited the Mount Sinai: he q 1.17 saith, it is a mile and a halse from Horeb, and farre higher: from whose top, (which is hard stone of iron colour) may both shores of the Red Sea be seene. r 1.18 This Sea is not therefore called Red, because either the ground, or the sand or the water thereof is Red, as Bellonius hath obserued, for none of them are * 1.19 so. The people thereabouts take care for no other houses then the boughes of Palme-trees, to keep them from the heate of the fun (for raine they haue but seldome:) the cattell are lesse there then in Egypt. In the ascent of Mount Sinai are steps cut out in the Rocke: they began to ascend it at breake of day, and it was after noone before they could get to the Monasterie of Maronite-Christians, which is on the top thereof. There is also a Meschit there for the Arabians and Turkes, who resort thither on pilgri∣mage as well as the Christians. There is a church also on the top of Mount Horeb, and another monastery at the foote of the hill: besides other Monasteries, wherein liue reli∣gious people, called Caloieri, obseruing the Greek rites who shew all (& more then all) the places renouned in scriptures and antiquities to Pilgrims. They eat neither flesh nor white meates. They allow foode vnto strangers such as it is, rice, wheate, beanes, and such like, which they set on the floore without a cloth, in a woodden dish, & the people com∣pose themselues to eate the same, after the Arabian manner, (which is to fit vpon their heeles touching the ground with their toes, wheras the Turks fit crosse-legged like Tai∣lors.)

Arabia Foelix s 1.20 trendeth from hence Southwards, hauing on all other parts the Sea: against which it doth abut the space of 3000. fiue hundreth & foure miles. Virgil calls it Panchaea, now t 1.21 Ayaman, or Giamen. It hath store of riuers, lakes, townes, cities, cattell fruits of many forts. The chiefe Cities are Medina, Mecca, Ziden, Zebit, Aden. There is store of siluer, gold, & varietie of gemmes. There are also wilde beasts of diuers kindes. As for the Phoenix, because I (and not I alone) thinke it a Fable, as neither agreeing to reason nor likelihood, and plainely disagreeing to the History of the Creation and of Noahs Arke, in both which GOD made all Male & Female, and commanded them to increase and multiply, I thinke it not vvorthy recitall.

Ludomeus Vertomannus, or Barthema (as Ramusius nameth him) tels u 1.22 at large his iourney through all this threefold Arabia: he trauelled from Damasco to Mecca Anno 1503. with the Carauan of Pilgrims and Marchants, beeing often by the way set vpon by Armies of those theeuish and beggerly Arabians. This iourney is of for∣tie dayes trauell, trauelling two and twenty houres, and resting two for their re∣past. After many daies they came to a Mountaine inhabited with Iewes, tenne or twelue miles in circuite, which went naked, and were of small stature about fiue or sixe spannes high, blacke of colour, circumcised, speaking with a womanish voice. And if they get a Moore in their power, they flay him aliue. They saw there certaine white∣thornes, and in the same two Turtles, which seemed to them as a miracle: for in fif∣teene daies and nights they had neither seene birds nor beasts. They giue their Ca∣mels by the way not aboue fiue barly Loaues at a meale, as bigge as a Pomegranate, and drinke once in three daies. At the ende of eight daies they staid a day or two to rest them. Their pilote directed their iourney by the compasse (in Diodorus times, they obserued the North-starre) no lesse then if it had beene at Sea. They trauelled fiue daies and nights through the sandy Sea, which is a great plaine Champaine, full of a small white sand like meale: where if, by some disaster, the winde blowe from the South they are all dead men. And although they had the winde at North, yet could they not see one another aboue ten paces off. And such as ride on Camels are inclosed with wood, with holes to receiue the aire; the Pilots going before vvith their compasse for direction. Many died there for thirst, and many with fulnesse, drin∣king too much when once they came at water. When the North windes blowe, those sands are driuen to a heape. He supposed that Mummia was made of such as the sands had surprised and buried quicke: but the truer x 1.23 Mummia is made of em∣balmed bodies of men, as they vse to doe in Egypt, and other places. As for the o∣ther parts of Arabia, they which list, may by this our author, by Pliny, Niger, and others, be informed further.

To come to the disposition of the people, they are small, naked, beggerly. What they haue done in Asia, Afrike, and Europe by force of Armes vnder the name of Saracens, and pretence of Religion shall follow in the next Chapter: VVhat they still doe, if they meete with purchase, Trauellers know to their cost. The practise of Marchandise amongst some of the Arabian people, and namely the Ismaelites, the y 1.24 Scripture recordeth. For their auncient Religion, it is not like it could bee good, when as they had so bad an Author of their stocke, accursed Cham: the sounes of Abraham vvere better instructed: but as they were borne after the flesh, and not according to promise, so if they and some of their posteritie did a while hold the truth, (as the Historie of Iob and his friends euinceth) yet this lasted not long: but soone after z 1.25 in Iewrie was GOD knowne, and he dealt not so with any other Nation. Herodotus a 1.26 (father of the Greeke Historie) affirmeth in his Thalia, that the Arabians worshipped Dionisius, whom they named Vrotalt; and Vrania, whom they called Alilat: these alone they e∣steemed Gods. They shaue their maidens like to Dionisius, in a round forme about the temples. Suidas telleth b 1.27 that they were excellent Archers, their Arrowes were as long as themselues: their bowes they bent not with hands, but with feete.

Curio c 1.28 in his Saracenicall Historie testifieth of them, that as they descended in great part of Abrahams race by Ishmael, the sonnes of Keturah, and by Esan: so they of olde had and still reteine many rites obserued by the Hebrewes: as numbring by Tribes, and marrying onely within their owne Tribe: euery Tribe also had their owne King. (which it seemeth the Tent wandring or Scenite-Arabians obserue still) That son succeedeth not which is eldest, but he which is borne first after hee is proclaimed King or Ruler, being of Noble race on both sides. They vsed also Circumcision. For their reli∣gion in olde times; some were Christians, of which (about the times of Mahomet) there were many sects: some were Iewes; others worshipped the Sunne and Moone: others, certaine Serpents; others, some kindes of Trees; and some a Tower called Alca∣ba, which they supposed Ismael had built; and some others, some other deities.

Eusebius d 1.29 tels that they vsed humane sacrifices, which not onely Sardus confirmeth, saying, that they sacrificed euery yeare a childe whom they buried vnder the Altar: but e 1.30 Nicephorus f 1.31 also reported of one Naaman a Scenite-Arabian, a chiefetaine amongst them, who in zeale of that superstition, killed men with his owne hands, and sacrificed them on the Altars to his gods. He in the time of Mauricius, warned by a vision, be∣came a Christian, and with him an innumerable company of his, whom he offered a li∣uing vnbloudy sacrifice in baptisme vnto CHRIST.

When they entred league with any, their manner was, that one standing in the mids betweene both parties did wound the hand with a sharpe stone, in the palme neere to the thummes of them both, and taking flockes of the garments of them both, annoin∣ted, with that bloud, seuen stones set in the mids of them: Meane-while inuoking Dio∣nisius and Vrania: and then this Mediator becommeth surety for the party, who there∣by esteemeth himselfe bound to obserue it. And thus did g 1.32 they make league with Cam∣byses. To these two Arabian Gods Great Alexander vvould haue added himselfe a third (saith h 1.33 Arrianus, in his life.) He made great prouision to inuade them, both be∣cause they had sent him no Embassage, and for that they worshipped onely these two deities; Heauen, for that it containeth the Sun and Starres; and Dionisius, because hee had inuaded the Indians: and therefore aequalling this his owne expedition to that of Dionisius, he would also for robbing of men, be reckoned a God. Strabo i 1.34 saith, that in respect of the wealthinesse of this countrey, he had thought (had not death preuented him) to haue made Arabia the imperiall seate. He affirmeth also that Sesostris the Ae∣gyptian King, passing through Arabia, in that his renowmed expedition, erected there in diuers places Egyptian temples and superstitions: that the Troglodytae which dwelt in Caues, and bordering on the Aegyptians, by some reputed Arabians, were circumci∣sed, as the Arabians and Egyptians were.

The Nabathaeans worship the Sunne, burning Frankincense on an Altar vnto him. They neglect the bodies of the dead, burying euen their Kings in a dunghill. Of the other Arabians hee reporteth that they vsed incestuous copulation vvith

sister and mother. Adulterie with them is death: but that onely is Adulterie, which is out of the same kindred, otherwise all of the same bloud to vse the woman is their (in∣cestuous) honesty. When fifteene brothers (Kings sonnes) had by their continuall com∣pany tired their one and onely Sister, shee deuised a meanes to rid her selfe, or at least to ease her somewhat of that trouble. And therefore whereas the custome was, that hee which went in, left his staffe at the doore to prohibite others entrance, shee got like slaues, and alway hauing one at the doore, was disburthened of their im∣portunitie; euery one that came, thinking some other had beene there before them. But they being once altogether, one of them stole from his fellowes, and finding this staffe at the doore, accused his Sister to his Father of Adulterie, where∣of by discouerie of the Truth shee was cleared. Linschoten k 1.35 telleth of the like pra∣ctise obserued by the Nairos in Cochin, leauing their Armes at the doore, when they enter to their Nairo-kinswomen which they vse likewise in common, being ne∣uer married.

Their Circumcision they obserued, as l 1.36 some write, at the thirteenth yeare of their age, imitating Ismael herein. Euery one abideth in his Fathers profession. The possessions and wealth are common to the whole kindred. Alexander ab Alexandro nameth Dyasares an Arabian deitie. Their Priests he saith were attired in linnen gar∣ments, with Mitres and Sandals. m 1.37 Solinus affirmeth, that they abstaine from Swines flesh: neither will that sweet aire of Arabia breath life to that sordide & stinking crea∣ture. This is in the Happy Arabia, where happinesse maketh them vnhappy: their sweets n 1.38 breeding bitter effects in diseasing their bodies, which they are forced to cure with the sents of brimstone and Goates beards burnt. That which others admire and almost adore for rarenesse and excellencie, is here their common sewell for their fire: o 1.39 Vulcans deuouring iawes being fed with hearbs, shrubs, trees, gummes, spices, for humane and diuine vses most esteemed.

Frankinsence (saith p 1.40 Plinie) groweth onely in Arabia, but not in euery place thereof. About the midst of the countrey is Sabota (the chiefe Citie of the Sabaeans) in a high mountaine: eight mansions from thence is the Region of Frankincense, which is called Sabba, that is, a mysterie: looking toward the East, euery way garded and made vnpassable with Rockes. The soile is reddish, inclining to vvhite. The length of the Fankinsence-wood, is twentie sehoeni, the bredth halfe as much. (a schoenus in this account is fiue miles) Other Arabians besides (these and the Minaei) see not this tree, nor all of these, but onely some three hundred Families, vnto whom the right of these rites deuolueth by succession. Therefore are they called sacri, Holy, neither may they in the time, when they cut them, be polluted with knowledge of women or with Funerals. What manner of tree it is, Plinie saith hee knew not, nor any Romane to his knowledge. They gathered it in the spring and autumne: they cut the trees from whence it sweateth. There needes no watch to keepe them, but the innocencie of the inhabitants. When Alexander in his Youth bestowed large store of Frankincense in his deuotions, Leonides his M^r. told him, he should so doe when he had conquered the countrey where it grew: He after enioying (some part of) Arabia, sent him a ship laden with Frankinsence, and bad him serue the Gods plentifully. The Frankin∣cense, when it is gathered, is carried on Camels to Sabota by one way, out of which to goe were capitall. There they pay the tithes to a God which they call Sabis. The Priests take it by measure, not by weight. Certaine portions are allowed to them and to the Kings scribes. Plantus therefore q 1.41 cals Frankincense Odor Arabicus. Virgil cals it Panchaean, & Sabaean Frankincense. The manifold rites which the Heathens vsed in their holy things with this drugge, Stuckins r 1.42 sheweth at large. Here also grew the Mirth in the same woods, and among the Trogloditae. But this and Cinamon and other things which grew elsewhere as well as here, neede not much discourse. They vsed yet some religion in gathering of their Cinamon, as s 1.43 some obserue, sacrificing before they began, and after diuiding what they had gathered, with a sacred speare assigning a portion to the Sun: if the diuision be iustly made, the Sun sealeth his consent by fire, with his beames consuming the same. Thus much of their spices, and holy drugges.

Of their other riches I meane not to speake, saue of their sheepe with great tailes, some of which weigh forty pound. t 1.44 Leo saith he saw one at Cairo, whose taile, supported by a Cart with wheeles (for else shee could not haue carried it) weighed fourescore pound, and heard of such as weighed a hundred and thirtie pound. * 1.45 Paul presently after his conuersion preached the Gospell in Arabia.

Panchaea and an other Iland, called Sacra, are adioined by u 1.46 Diodorus to Arabia, both fertile (as he saith) of Frankinsence. In Panchaea is the Citie Panara, whose inhabitants are called the Ministers of Iupiter Triphylius, whose Temple is thence distant threescore furlongs, admirable for the Antiquitie, magnificence & nature of the place: it is two hun∣dred foote long, the bredth answerable, hauing in it large Statues, and about it the houses of the Priests. Many Fountaines there springing make a nauigable streame, cal∣led the water of the Sunne, which is medicinable to the bodie. The countrey about, for the space of two hundred surlongs, is consecrated to the Gods, and the reuenue there∣of spent in sacrifices. Beyond is a high mountaine, called the seate of Heauen, and O∣lympus Triphylins: where Coelus is said to haue instituted the rites there yeerely obser∣ved. The Priests rule all in Panchaea both in ciuill and religious cases: and liue very deliciously, attired with linnen stoales and mitres, and parti-coloured sandals. These spend their time in singing hymnes, and recounting the acts of their gods. They deriue their generation from the Cretan Iupiter. x 1.47 They may not goe out of their sacred limits assigned them, if they doe, it is lawfull to kill them. The Temple is enriched with gifts and offerings. The doores excell for matter and workmanship. The bed of the God is sixe cubites long, and foure broad, all of golde faire wrought. The Table stands by, no∣thing inferiour. In the mids is another bed of golde, very large, grauen with Aegyp∣tian Letters; in which are contained the gefts of Iupiter, Coelus, Diana and Apollo, written by Mercury. Thus farre Diodorus. Iustine y 1.48 mentioneth Hierotimus an Arabian King, which had sixe hundred children by Concubines. Some z 1.49 are of opinion that the Wisemen which by the auncient conduct of a Starre came to Ierusalem, (the first fruits of the Gentiles) came out of Arabia. Scaliger a 1.50 mentioneth a conquest aunciently made and holden by the Arabians in Chaldaea. Philostratus b 1.51 saith, the Arabians are skilfull in au∣guries, or diuinations, because they eate of the head and heart of a Dragon. That they eate Serpents, Solinus affirmeth. Atheneus c 1.52 saith that the Arabians vsed to maime them∣selues, if their King hapned to be maimed, and that in the same member: and in d 1.53 ano∣ther place he citeth out of Heraclides Cumaens, the delicacies of this Arabian King, and his quiet or idle course of life, committing matters of iudgement to officers: and if any thinke himselfe wronged by them, he puls a chaine fastened to a window in the high∣est part of the Pallace: Wherevpon the King takes the matter into his hand, and whe∣ther part he findes guiltie dies for it. e 1.54 His expences were fifteene Babylonian talents a day. The Arabians kill Mice, as a creature supposed enemie to the gods, a custome common to them with the Persians and Aethiopians. The f 1.55 women couer their faces, contented to see with one eye, rather then to prostitute the whole face. They kill not Vipers, but scarre them away with Clappers from their balsame-trees saith, g 1.56 Pansanias, when they gather that commoditie, because they thinke them consecrated to those balsame-Trees, vnder which they liue and feede of that liquor, with which also they cure themselues if they are bitten by them.

The Arabian tongue is now the common language of the East, especially among such as embrace the Mahumetan religion: this language in the first diuision of tongues, according to h 1.57 Epiphanius, was begunne in Armot, the first speaker and Author thereof.

Notes

• a 1.1

  Maginus.
• b 1.2

  Plin.l.6.28. Orosius, l.1.
• c 1.3

  Solin.36.
• d 1.4

  Draudius in Solin. Beros.l.4.
• e 1.5

  Gen.25.2.
• f 1.6

  Num.12.1.
• g 1.7

  Arias Mon∣tan. Caleb.
• h 1.8

  Maginus, Plotom.l.5.
• i 1.9

  Scenitae, vel Nymades, 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉
• j 1.10

  I entorys.
• k 1.11

  Ps.120.5.
• l 1.12

  Tanquam Scenita Kedareni.
• m 1.13

  Boter. relat. part.1.l.2.
• n 1.14

  Adrichem. Theat.T.S.
• o 1.15

  Lib.1.c.vlt.
• p 1.16

  R.Volaterran.
• q 1.17

  Obser.l.2.c.co.& d.
• r 1.18

  Some say it is called Mare Erythraeum, or red, of Ery∣thraeus a King of that name.
• * 1.19

  Of this see more.l.6.c.vlt.
• s 1.20

  Maginus. Dom. Niger.com. Asiae l.6.
• t 1.21

  Adrich. saith it is now cal∣led Mamotta.
• u 1.22

  Eud.vertom.l.1.c.7.
• x 1.23

  Iul.Scaliger. Exerc.104.
• y 1.24

  Gen.37.28.
• z 1.25

  Psal.76.1.&147.20.
• a 1.26

  Herodot l3.
• b 1.27

  Suid.hist.
• c 1.28

  Coelius Aug. Curio hist. Sar. l.1.
• d 1.29

  Euseb. de lau∣dib.Constant.
• e 1.30

  Sardusl 3. c 15.
• f 1.31

  Niceph. hist. Ec.l.18.23.
• g 1.32

  Herod l.3.
• h 1.33

  Arrian.l.7.
• i 1.34

  Strabo l.15.
• k 1.35

  Linschoten. History of the Indies.
• l 1.36

  Draudius in Solin.
• m 1.37

  Sol.Polyhist.
• n 1.38

  Strab.l.16.
• o 1.39

  D. Sic.l.3.
• p 1.40

  Plin.l.12.c.14.
• q 1.41

  Pl.in Poenulo & in Milite.
• r 1.42

  Stuckins de sacris.
• s 1.43

  Ioan.Boemus.
• t 1.44

  Leo.Africa∣nus.
• * 1.45

  Gal.1.17.
• u 1.46

  Diod.Sic. l.6. c. 10.
• x 1.47

  Eadem ferè Euseb.de praepa∣rat.Eu l,2.
• y 1.48

  Iustin.bift. l.39.
• z 1.49

  Gramay As Arab.
• a 1.50

  Ios. Scal.Can. I sag.l.2.
• b 1.51

  Philost. de vi∣ta Ap.l.1.
• c 1.52

  Athaeneus l.6.c.6.
• d 1.53

  Ath.l.12.c.4.
• e 1.54

  Plutarch de Inuid. & odio.
• f 1.55

  Tertullian de veland.Virg.
• g 1.56

  Pansania Baeotica.
• h 1.57

  Epiph.contra Sethian.