Purchas his pilgrimage. Or Relations of the vvorld and the religions obserued in all ages and places discouered, from the Creation vnto this present In foure partes. This first containeth a theologicall and geographicall historie of Asia, Africa, and America, with the ilands adiacent. Declaring the ancient religions before the Floud ... With briefe descriptions of the countries, nations, states, discoueries, priuate and publike customes, and the most remarkable rarities of nature, or humane industrie, in the same. By Samuel Purchas, minister at Estwood in Essex.

CHAP. XVII.

Of Ionia and other Countries in that Chersonesus.

IOnia is situate on the Icarian Sea, ouer-against the Iland Chios. The Inhabitants are accounted Athenian Colonies (whereas Athens may rather seeme to be Ionian) deducing their name from a 1.1 Ion the sonne of Creusa and Xuthus. But more probable is b 1.2 their opinion which deriue them from Iavan, as is c 1.3 before obserued by vs. Of the Ioni∣ans in Asia, were reckoned tenne principall Cities in the continent, Miletus, Myus, Priene, Ephesus, Colophon. Lebedus, Teos, Clazomenae, Phocaea, Erythraea, besides Chios and Samos in the Ilands, to which they imparted their names.

The Ionians had their common Sacrifices and Ceremonies at the Promontorie of Mycale, generally by all the Ionians dedicated to Neptune Heliconius, erecting there vnto him a Temple: the place was called Panionium, and the feast in which those sa∣crifices were offered, Panionia. To those twelue Cities Strabo d 1.4 mentioning the foun∣ders of them, addeth also Smyrna, and saith that they were called to the Panionian solemnities by the Ephesians, who were sometime called Smyrnaeans of Smyrna the Amazon, who is named the Founder of Ephesus. Against those Smyrnaeans the Sar∣dians warred; and would on no condition raise their siege, except the Smyrnaean ma∣trons were permitted to their lusts. e 1.5 The Maid-seruant of one Philarchus amongest them deuised, that those of her condition might in their Mistresses habite be sent, to saue their Maisters beds, which was accomplished.

As for Ephesus, the place was designed by Oracle for the building thereof, which warned them there to build, where a Fish and a Bore should shew them. It hapned, that as certaine Fishermen at the sacred fountaine Hypeleus were broyling their fish, one of them leaped with the coales into an heape of strawe, which thereby was fired; and a Bore which lay couered therein, leaping out, ranne from thence as farre as Tra∣chea, and there fell downe dead of a wound which they gaue him, grunting out his last gasp where Pallas after was honored with a Temple. Greater then Pallas and her swinish deuotion was that f 1.6 Great Diana of the Ephesians, (so proclaimed in the mad∣nesse of their zeale) and that Image which came downe from Iupiter, which all Asia and the world worshipped. This Image (as Plinse g 1.7 writeth) was thought by some to be of Ebonie, but Mutianus thrice consull, writ, That it was of the Vine, neuer changed in seuen alterations or restitutions, which the Temple receiued. It had ma∣ny holes filled with Spikenard, the moisture whereof might fill and close vp the rifts. The doores of the Temple were of Cypresse, h 1.8 which after foure hundred yeares were as fresh as if they had beene new. The roofe of the Temple was Cedar. The Image, which superstition supposed came from Iupiter, was made (saith the same Mutianus) by one Canetia. The Temple (reputed one of the worlds seuen wonders) was first the building of the Amazons, as Solinus affirmeth. i 1.9 But Pausanias ^k reproueth Pinda∣rus, for affirming that the Amazons had built it, when they made their Expedition against Theseus and the Athenians: For at that time (saith he) the women going from Thermodon, sacrificed to the Ephesian Diana in their way, as they had done before in the times of Hercules and of Bacchus. Not the Amazons therefore, but one Croesus of that Countrey, and Ephesus (supposed the sonne of the riuer Cayster) founded it. Of him the City also receiued her name. About the Temple dwelt both diuers other suppliants, and women of the Amazonian race. These were spared by Androclus the sonne of Codrus, who here planted his Athenian Colony, and chased out the Le∣leges, which before were the Inhabitants; who being slaine in this Expedition, his se∣pulchre remained in Pausanias his time, on which was set a man armed. Xerxes when he burned all other Temples in Asia, spared this, vncertaine whether for admiration or

deuotion; most certaine, a bootlesse clemencie. For Herostratus l 1.10 , to lengthen the memorie of his name with detestation of his wickednesse, fired this Temple on that day in which Alexander was borne at Pella. Diana forsooth, (who in her Midwife-Mysterie is called also Iuno Lucina) in her officious care to helpe Olympias in her tra∣uell, was then absent. It was after restored to a greater excellencie by Dinocrates, or (as Strabo tearmes him) Chermocrates, who was also the Architect of Alexandria. Some m 1.11 affirme, That two hundred and twentie yeares were spent, in building this Temple, by all Asia: Plinie sayth, foure hundred. It was built on a Marish, because of Earthquakes (which are said to be more common in Asia then other parts) being founded on Coles, the second foundation Woo'l. There were therein an hundred twentie seuen Pillars, the workes of so many Kings, threescore foot in height, and sixe and thirtie of them very curiously wrought. The Temple was foure hundred twentie fiue foot long, two hundred and twentie broad; of the Ephesians holden in such veneration, that when Croesus had begirt them with a streight siege, n 1.12 they de∣uoted their City to their Goddesse, tying the wall thereof with a rope to the Temple. It was enriched and adorned with gifts beyond value. It was full of the works of Pra∣xiteles and Thraso.

The Priests were Eunuches o 1.13 called Megalobyzi, greatly honoured, and had with them sacred Virgins. Some p 1.14 call these or else another order of Diana's Priests, Estia∣tores and Essenae, that is, Good fellowes (after the appellation of this bad Age) which by yearely courses had a peculiar diet assigned them, and came in no priuate house. All the Ionians resorted to Ephesus, q 1.15 at Diana's festiuall, which with daunces and o∣ther pompe they solemnized, with their wiues and children, as they had done before at Delos: The Temple had priuiledge of Sanctuarie, which Alexander extended to a furlong, Mithridates to a flight-shot, Antonius added part of the City: But Augustus disanulled the same, that it should no longer be a harbour for villaines. This the Ro∣mans finde (saith a Roman Pope relating this History) among whom are so many san∣ctuaries, as Cardinalls houses, in which theeues and ruffians haue patronage, which make the citie (otherwise quiet and noble) a denne of theeues. r 1.16 A lake named Selinusius, and another which floweth into it, were Diana's patrimony, which by some Kings be∣ing taken from her, were after by the Romans restored. And when the Publicans had seised the profits, Artemidorus was sent in Ambassage to Rome, where hee recouered them to Diana, for which cause they dedicated to him a golden Image in the Temple. In the middes of the lake was the Kings Chappell, accounted the worke of Agamem∣non. Alexander s 1.17 not onely restored the Ephesians to their City, which for his sake they had lost, and changed the gouernement into a popular state, but bestowed also the tributes, which before they had payed to the Persians, vpon Diana, and caused them to be slaine which had robbed the Temple, and had ouerthrowne the Image of Philip his father therein, and such of them as had taken Sanctuary in the Temple hee caused to be fetched out and stoned. While he stayed at Ephesus, hee sacrificed to Diana with very solemne pompe, all his army being arranged in battell aray.

The Ephesians were obseruers of curious Arts, which not only Luke mentioneth t 1.18 , but the prouerb also confirmeth u 1.19 , Ephesiaeliterae: so they called the spelles, whereby they made themselues in wrestling, and other conflicts, inuincible. Memorable is the history of an Ephesian maide, x 1.20 who, when Brennus inuaded Asia, promised him her loue, (which he much desired) and withall, to betray the city to him, if he would giue her all the Iewels and attire of the women: which the souldiers were commaunded to doe, who heaped their gold so fast vpon the Damosell, according to their commaund, that she was therewith couered and slaine. The Afiarchae, which Luke nameth Acts 19. Beza y 1.21 saith were certaine Priests, whose office it was, to set forth publike playes and games in honour of their Gods; as also were the Syriarchae. The Ephesians, z 1.22 as all the other Ionians, were much addicted to nicenesse and sumptuousnesse of attire, for which, and other their delicacies, they grew into a prouerb.

The Ionians had other places and temples amongst them famous for deuotion, and antiquitie, such as no where else are to be seene, as the Temple and Oracle of Apollo at

Gemini a 1.23 Myus had a small arme of the Sea, whose waters by the meanes of Meander failing, the soile brought forth an innumerable multitude of fleas, which forced the Inhabitants to forsake their City, and with bagge and baggage to depart to Miletus. And in my time (saith Pausanias) nothing remained of Myus, in Myus, but Bacchus Temple. The like befell to the Atarmita neare to Pergamus. The Persians burnt the Temple of Pallas at Phocea, and an other of Iuno in Samos, the remaines whereof are worthy admiration: the Erythraean Temple of Hercules, and of Pallas at Prienae; that for the antiquitie, this for the Image. The Image of Hercules is said to be brought in a ship which came (without mans help) to the Cape, where the Chians & Erythrae∣ans laboured each to bring the same to their owne Citty. But one Phormio a Fisher∣man of Erythraea was warned in a dreams, to make a rope of the haire cut off from the heads of the Erythraean Matrons, by which their husbands should draw the same in∣to their towne. The women would not yeeld; but certaine Thracian women which had obtained their freedome, graunted their haire to this purpose, to whom therefore this priuiledge was graunted, to enter into Hercules Temple, a thing denied to all o∣ther the Dames of Erythraea. The rope still remaineth: and the Fisherman which be∣fore was blinde, recouered his sight. In this Towne also is Mineruaes Temple, and therein a huge Image of wood, sitting on a throne, holding with both hands a distasse. There are the Graces, and Houres, formed of white Marble. At Smyrna was the Tem∣ple of Aesculapius: and, nigh to the springs of their riuer Meles, a caue, in which they say Homer composed his Poems. Thus much Pausanias. The Ionian b 1.24 letters were more resembling the Latine, then the present Greeke are, and were then common, as in our first Booke is shewed in our Phoenician relations.

At Miletus, a madde phrensie had once possessed their Virgins, whereby it came to passe, that they in great multitudes hanged themselues. Neither cause appeared, nor remedy: Needs must they go whom the Deuill driues. Whom c 1.25 neither the sweetnes of life, bitternesse of death, teares, intreaties, offers, custodie of friends could moue, Modesty detained from proceeding in this immodest butchery: and which is more to be wondered at, a Posthume modesty, which could not be borne, till they were dead. For a Law was made, That the naked bodies of such as thus had strangled themselues, should be drawne through the streetes: which contumely, though it were but a Gnat to those Camels, which with the halter they swallowed, yet strained they at it, and it could it not be digested, but stayed their fury. Before the Troian war, was Hercules fa∣mous at Miletus. The Ionians were subiect to the Assyrians: after that to the Egypti∣ans: next to the Lydians, Persians, & the other Empires, which successiuely followed.

From Ephesus to Colophon are seuenty furlongs. This town grew into a Prouerb; d 1.26 for through their excellency in horsemanship they vsually made the victory (other∣wise doubtfull) to be certaine on that side which intertained them. Before Colophon was the groue of Apollo Clarius. And here died Calchas that famous wizard for griefe, that when vpon his demaund Mopsus had certainly answered how many pigges were in the belly of a Sow, by him propounded: Calchas could not doe the like, when Mop∣sus asked of the number of figges growing on a figge-tree thereby.

Not farre from hence is Erythrae the towne of one of the Sybyls, which liued in the time of Alexander, of which name also there were others in other places and times, renowned for their prophecyings. Beyond Clazomenae is the Temple of Apollo, and Smyrna famous in those blind times, for the temple and statue of Homer, since for the Prelacie of Polycarpus, whom our LORD himselfe so highly commendeth. * 1.27 Neleus builded Miletus (who also erected the Altar at Possidium) The Milesian Oracle was sacred to Apollo Didymaeus amongst the Branchidae, who betrayed the treasures of their God to Xerxes the burner of their temple; and therfore for feare of punishment follo∣wed him after in his flight. Afterwards the Milesians builded a Temple, which for the exceeding greatnes remained without roofe, compassed with dwelling-houses, and a groue, adorned sumptuously with gifts of ancient workmanship. Here was the legend framed of Branchus and Apollo, whom they called Vlios, and Artemis, of healing. Neare vnto the temple of Neptune at Possidium was Heraeum, an old Temple & Ora∣tory,

after conuerted into a storehouse, but then also retaining diuers chappels full of old workes, as was also a Court-yard without, from whence when Antonius had taken three colosses (the worke of Miro) standing on one basis, Augustus placed there again, Pallas and Hercules but translated Iupiter to the Capitoll, and built him a Chappell.

Solmissus is not farre hence, where the Curetes or Priests of Iupiter dulled the eares of Iuno with the sound of weapons whiles Latona was deliuered. Here were many tem∣ples, some old, some new. The f 1.28 Curetes or Corybantes, for so they were also termed, were a shauen order of Priests, who, rauished with a sacred fury, plaied vpon cimballs, and danced, shaking their heads to and fro, drawing others into the same rage of su∣perstition. These first beganne their deuotions at Ida, a hill of Phrygia, and after sai∣led into Creet, and here with their furious sounds they deliuered Iupiter from Saturnes: gullet (who had before couenanted with Titan to kill all his male children) while hee could not by meanes of their noyse heare Iupiters crying. Diodorus Siculus writeth, That Corybantus was the sonne of Iason and Cybele, and with Dardanus brought into Phrygia the rites of the mother of the gods, and called his disciples in that sect Cory∣bantes. Natalis Comes g 1.29 trauerseth many opinions about their originall and rites; their daunces were in armour.

The region of the Dorians was almost rounded with the Sea: Heerin was Gnidus a Cittie of name for the marble Image of Venus: and Halycarnassus, the Countrey of Herodotus and Dionysius famous Historians, and of Mausolus, whose Sepulchre, ere∣cted by Artemifia his wife and sister, was accounted one of the worldes seuen won∣ders.

In the Suburbs of Stomalymne was the Temple of Aesculapius of great reputation, and riches. In it was Antigonus of Apelles workemanship: there was also Venus na∣ked, after dedicated to Caesar at Rome, as the mother of that generation, by Augustus.

Neare to Eargolia was a Temple of Diana. Mylasa another City of Caria had ma∣ny publique buildings and faire Temples; among the rest, two of Iupiter (surnamed Osogo) in the one; and in the other, Labrandenus, of Labranda a village, a little off, which had an auncient Temple of Iupiter Militaris much frequented. The way lead∣ing thither was called Sacred, paued sixtie furlongs, through which their Procession passed in pompous solemnity. The noblest of the citizens were ordained Priests, which function dured with their liues.

There is a third Temple of Iupiter Carius common to all the Carians, of which also the Lydians and Mysians are partakers. Strabo reporteth h 1.30 of two Temples at Strato∣nica; one at Lagina, sacred to Hecate, where were celebrated yeerely solemnities; the other neere the City of Iupiter Chrysaorcus common to all the Carians, whither they resort to sacrifice, and to consult of common affaires: which their assembly is called Chrysaorean.

Lydia, called also Maeonia, was a rich Country, whose mother-Citie was Sardis, the royall seatof Croesus, washed by golden Pactolus, where idlenesse was a speciall fault, and punished by the Lawe. Fiue miles from this City is a lake called Colous, where is the temple of Diana Coloena very religiously accounted of, wherein, on their festiuals, Apes were reported to daunce. The region, called Burned, stretcheth it selfe heere a∣bout the space of fiue hundred furlongs, mountainous, stony and blacke, as if it were of some burning, wanting trees altogether (Vines excepted) which yeeld a very plea∣sant wine. Here was an other Plutonium at Hierapolis ouer-against Laodicea. It was a hole in the brow of a hill, so framed, that it might receiue the body of a man, of great depth. Below it was a squared trench of halfe an acre compasse so cloudie and darke, that the ground could scarcely be seene. The aire is not hurtfull to them which approach: but within it is deadly. Strabo i 1.31 put in Sparrowes, which presently died. But the gelded Priests called Galli might approach to the mouthe and looke in, and diue in as long as they could hold their breath, without harme, but not without fignes of working passions, whether of diuine inspiration or reluctation of the naturall forces. No lesse maruellous then the dampe of the ayre, is the hardning quality of the waters; which being hote, doe harden themselues into a kinde of stone. k 1.32 Warner mentioneth

the like in Hungary, and Acosta, in Peru. Those Galli heere mentioned were Priests of Cybele, so called of Gallus a riuer in Phrygia, l 1.33 the waters whereof, temperatly drunken, did exceedingly temper the braine, and take away madnes; but being sucked in large∣ly, caused madnes. These Priests drinking hereof vnto madnesse, in that furie gelded themselues. And as their beginning, so was their proceeding also in madnesse, in the execution of their rites, shaking and wheeling their heads like madde men. Volate∣ran m 1.34 out of Polyhistor reporteth, that one Gallus the companion of Attys (both gel∣ded) imposed this name on the riuer, before called Teria. Of Cybele and Attys we haue spoken before: I adde, that after some, this Attys was a Phrygian youth, which when he would not listen to Rhea in her amorous suits, gelded himselfe; so consecrating his priesthood vnto Rhea or Cybele: others n 1.35 affirme that shee preferred him to that Of∣fice, first hauing vowed perpetuall chastitie, and breaking his Vow, was punished with madnesse, in which o 1.36 he dismembred himselfe, and would also haue killed him∣selfe, but that by the compassionate Goddesse he was turned into a Pine-tree. That the Fable! this the History! that these gelded Priests wore also long womanish attire, plaied on tymbrelles and cornets, sacrificed to their Goddesse the ninth day of the Moone; at which time they set the Image of the Goddesse on an asse, and went about the villages and streets begging, with the sound of their sacred tymbrell, corne, bread, drinke, and all necessaries, in honour of their Goddesse: as they did also in the Tem∣ples, begging mony in her name, with some musicall instruments; and were therefore called Matragyrtae. Thus did the Priests of Corona also begge for the maintenance of their Goddesse, with promises of good fortune to their liberall contributors. Lucian in his Asinus relateth the like knaueries of the Priests of Dea Syria.

But it is high time to leaue this (properly called) Asia, and to visite Lycia, washed by the Sea two hundred miles, wherein the mount Taurus ariseth, hence stretching it selfe Eastward, vnder diuers appellations, vnto the Indian Sea. They were gouerned by common Counsell of three and twenty Cities, till the Romans subdued them. Here was Cragus a hill with eight Promontories, & a Citie of the same name, from whence arose the Fables of Chymaera. At the foot of the hill stoode Pinara, wherein was wor∣shipped Pandarus: and a little thence the Temple of Latona; and not farre off, Patara, the worke of Patarus, beautified with a hauen, and many Temples and the Oracles of Apollo. The hil Telmessus was here famous for Soothsayings; and the Inhabitants are ac∣counted the first interpreters of Dreames. Here was Chimaera a hill said to burne in the night. Pamphylia beareth Eastwards from Lycia, & now together with Cilicia of the Turks is called Caramania. Herein was Perga, neare whereunto on a high place stood the temple of Diana Pergaea, where were obserued yerely Festiualls. Sida had also in it the temple of Pallas. There remaine of this Chersonessus, p 1.37 Armenia minor, and Cilicia. Armenia minor, called also Prima, is diuided from the Greater, or Turcomania by Eu∣phrates on the East: it hath on the West Cappadocia; on the South Cilicia, and part of Syria; on the North the Pontike nations. It was sometimes reckoned a part of Cap∣padocia, till the Armenians by their inuasions and colonies altered the name: As for their rites I finde litle difference, but they either resemble the Cappadocians, or their Armenian auncestors.

Cilicia abutteth on the Easterne borders of Pamphilia, and was diuided into Tra∣chea, and Campestris; now hath in it few people, many great Mesquitaes, and well furnished: the chiefe Citie is Hamsa q 1.38 sometime called Tarsus, famous for the studies of learning, heerein (saith Strabo) surmounting both Athens and Alexandria; but most most famous for yeelding him to the world, then whom the whole world hath not happily yeelded any more excellent that was meerely a man, that great Doctour of Nations, who filled these Countries and all Regions, from Ierusalem euen to Il∣lyricum (now full of barbarisme) by preaching, and still filleth the world by his wri∣tings, with that truth which he learned, not of man, nor at Tarsus the greatest Schoole of humanitie, nor at Ierusalem the most frequented for Diuinitie, but of the Spirit of truth himselfe: who both was at first from Heauen conuerted, and after in the third Heauen confirmed in the same.

Strabo mentioneth the Temple and Oracle of Diana Sarpedonia in Cilicia; where being inspired, they gaue answeres: The Temple of Iupiter also at Olbus, the worke of Aiax. From Anchiale, a Cilician Citie, Alexander passed to Solos, where he sa∣crificed with prayses to Aesculapius for recouerie from a strong Feuer, gotten before in the waters of Cidnus, and celebrated Gymnicall and Musicall r 1.39 Games. The Co∣rycian and Triphonian Dennes or Caues were held in much veneration among the Cilicians, where they sacrificed with certain Rites: They had their diuination by Birds and s 1.40 Oracles.

Vnto these things which haue beene said of the Temples, Priests, and Rites, obser∣ued in Asia, thus much may be added out of Sardus t 1.41 , of their Sacrifices. The Phry∣gians sacrificed Swines bloud. This did the Galli, Priests of Cybele, and this did the Bedlem Votaries, to recouer of their madnesse. The Colophonians offered a dogge to Enodia, which is Hecate, as did also the Carians to Mars. The Phaselites in Pam∣philia sacrificed fishes to Caber, the sonne of Vulcan; and the Lydians, Eeles to Nep∣tune. The Cappadocian Kings in their Sacrifices to Iupiter Stratioticus, or Militaris, on a high Hill, built a great fire, the King and others bringing wood thereto: and af∣ter that another lesser, which the King sprinkled with Milke and Honey, and after fired it, entertaining those which were present with good cheere.

Peucer * 1.42 tells of diuinations vsed in some parts of Lycia: betwixt Myra and Phellus there was a fountaine full of fishes, by whose forme, nature, motion, and feeding the inhabitants vsed diuination. The same Lycians, in the groue of Apollo, not farre from the Sea, had a drie ditch, called Dina, in which the Diuiner put in fishes, and tenne gob∣bets of rosted flesh, fastened on spits, with certaine prayers: after which, the drie ditch became full of water and fishes of all kindes and formes, by which the Priests obserued their Praedictions. And not farre from hence, at Myrae in Lycia, was the fountaine of Apollo Curius, where the fishes being three times called with a Pipe, assembled them∣selues, and if they deuoured the meats giuen them, it was interpreted a good bode and happie presage: if they strucke away the same with their tailes, it was direfull and dreadfull. At Hierapolis in Lycia, the fishes in the Lake of Venus being called by the Temple-keepers, presented themselues, enduring to be scratched, gilled, and mens hands to be put in their mouths. They diuined by lots sixe moneths of the yeare toge∣ther, at Patara in Lycia, in Apollo's Temple. But Saturne hath swallowed his owne children; and Time, which brought forth these, both Gods and Religions, hath also consumed them, not leauing any such memoriall of them as might satisfie any curious searcher: yet in relation of the Greekish Rites (from which these, for the most part, haue not much swarued) you may expect a more full and ample Discourse. It is now time at last to rest our wearie limbes: enough and more hath the Pilgrim told you of the Arabian Deserts, of the Monster Mahomet, and his Vicars the Calipha's * 1.43 (euen in this title they will paralell Rome) of their Rapines answerable to their * 1.44 name: of their Viperous off-spring the Turkes, and of the elder inhabitants of that Asian Tract. Let me here a little breath me, before I ascend the Ar∣menian Hils.

Notes

• a 1.1

  Coelius Rhod. lib.7.10. Sard.lib.3.
• b 1.2

  Ar.Montan. Fr. Iunius &c.
• c 1.3

  Lib.I.ca.8
• d 1.4

  Strabo lib.14.
• e 1.5

  Gramay.
• f 1.6

  Act.19.27,28
• g 1.7

  Pli.li.19.c.40.
• h 1.8

  Solinus c.49.
• i 1.9

  Pausanias l. 7
• l 1.10

  Euc.an.de morte peregrini.
• m 1.11

  N Perot. Cornucopiae. Munst.Cosm.l.5 Plm.li. 16.ca.40
• n 1.12

  Herodot.lib.1
• o 1.13

  Strabo lib.14
• p 1.14

  Gramay.Ionic.
• q 1.15

  Thucid.lib.3.
• r 1.16

  Pius secundut Asia,
• s 1.17

  Arrian.lib. 1
• t 1.18

  Acts 19.19
• u 1.19

  Suidas.
• x 1.20

  Caelius lect∣antiq. li. 8.c.13.
• y 1.21

  Beza anno••at.
• z 1.22

  Athenaeus lib. 12.9
• a 1.23

  Pausan. A∣chaica.liv.7.
• b 1.24

  Scaliger in Euseb. chron. animad.
• c 1.25

  Polyaen.lib.3. stratagem.
• d 1.26

  Colophonem addere Eras.Ad.
• * 1.27

  Apocal.2.9
• f 1.28

  Dict, hist.
• g 1.29

  Nat. Co. libr. 9, cap.7.
• h 1.30

  Libr. 24.
• i 1.31

  Aelian. libr.4. Strabo lib.13
• k 1.32

  As strange is that which is reported of the water of the lake Tatta, that if a rope be drawn tho∣row it, or a bird toucheth it with her wings they are ker∣ned with salt.
• l 1.33

  Wern.de aquis Hungariae.
• m 1.34

  Volat. l.10.
• n 1.35

  Nat. Com. libr.9.cap. 5.
• o 1.36

  Macr. Sat.li. 1.cap. 21. calles him Attinis, and applieth this as the tale of Ve∣••us and Adonis, to the Sunne & Earth in the Winter. Cybele is drawne with lions, which signifieth the influence of the heauens. Attinis they purtrayed with his rodde, the marke of his power, and a pipe, noting the Windes caused by the Sunne. Their mour∣ning ended on the eight Ca∣lends of A∣prill: the first day, in which the Sunne ma∣keth the day longer then the night, they solemnised the feast called Hilaria. See li.1.c. 7 de Phaen.
• p 1.37

  Dom. Niger.
• q 1.38

  Strabo lib.14.
• r 1.39

  Ar.lib. 2.
• s 1.40

  Gramay.
• t 1.41

  L.3.c.15.
• * 1.42

  Peucerus de Divinatione.
• * 1.43

  Calipha signfi∣eth Vicar. Scal.
• * 1.44

  Sarak, Thee∣vish.Scasiger. Brightman de∣nies that deri∣vation, appro∣veth, I thinke, a worse, of Sara.