The historie of the vvorld: commonly called, The naturall historie of C. Plinius Secundus. Translated into English by Philemon Holland Doctor of Physicke. The first [-second] tome

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Title
The historie of the vvorld: commonly called, The naturall historie of C. Plinius Secundus. Translated into English by Philemon Holland Doctor of Physicke. The first [-second] tome
Author
Pliny, the Elder.
Publication
London :: Printed by Adam Islip,
1634.
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Subject terms
Natural history -- Pre-Linnean works.
Link to this Item
http://name.umdl.umich.edu/A09763.0001.001
Cite this Item
"The historie of the vvorld: commonly called, The naturall historie of C. Plinius Secundus. Translated into English by Philemon Holland Doctor of Physicke. The first [-second] tome." In the digital collection Early English Books Online. https://name.umdl.umich.edu/A09763.0001.001. University of Michigan Library Digital Collections. Accessed June 24, 2025.

Pages

CHAP. IX.

¶ Of the Sallow, Willow, or Withy: of the twig Withy or Oisier Amerina. Of twigs or binding rods. Of Heath or Lings.

THe fruit which the willow or Sallow yeeldeth, if it be suffred to hang, before it doth ripen is conuerted into a certaine substance resembling a cobweb; but beeing gathered ere it be thus transformed, it is singular good for such as reach or cast vp bloud. The ashes of the [unspec L] rind pilled from the first branches that the willow putteth forth, and tempered with water, ta∣keth away corns and callosities of the feet: they serue also to rid the spots and specks which dis∣figure the visage, the rather if they be incorporat with the juice of the willow. Now there bee found in the said willow, 3 sorts of juice: the first sweateth out of the tree it self in manner of a gum: the second issues sorth by way of incision, when the tree is in the bloom; prouided alwaies that the cut or gash in the bark, be made three fingers broad: this liquour is singular good to clense the eies, and to rid away such impediments as hinder the sight; likewise to incrassate or thicken where need requireth; to prouoke vrine, and draw forth all inward impostumes outward∣ly: the third juice is that which distilleth from the branches presently after the bill or cutting∣hook, when the tree is lopped, or the boughs cut from the body. Take any one of these juices, [unspec M] and heat the same well with oile of Roses in the rind of a Pomegranat, excellent it is for to bee dropped into the ears: likewise the decoction of Sallows, or the leaues stamped and incorporat with wax, and so applied, do the like: as also laid too in maner of a cataplasm, they ease the pain

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of the gout. The decoction of the leaues and bark boiled in wine, is passing wholsom to soment [unspec A] the nerues withall. The blooms or chattons of the willow, stamped together with the leaues, clense the branny scales that appeare in the face. The leaues of the willow punned and taken in drink, do coole them that are giuen too much vnto lascivious lust, and ouer hot in the action of Venus: and if they vse to take the same often, they will disable them altogether for the act of generation. The seed of the black Oisier or willow called Amerina, mixed in like weight with white litharge of siluer, and brought into a liniment, is a depilatory, and fetcheth off the haire if the place be annointed therwith presently after the baine.

There is a kind of tree named Vitex, not much different from the willow, in regard of the vse that the twigs be put vnto, and also of the leaues which resemble those of the willow in out∣ward shew, but that their smell is more pleasant and odoriferous: the Greeks, some cal it Lygos [unspec B] others Agnos, i. chast; for that the dames of Athens, during the feast of the goddesse Ceres, that were named Thesmophoria, made their pallets and beds with the leaues thereof, to coole the heat of lust, and to keep themselues chast for the time. And two sorts there be of it. The greater riseth vp to a tree in maner of a willow: the other, which is lesse & lower, brancheth thick, bea∣ring white leaues, and those full of down and cotton. The former of these two, which is called the white Agnus Castus, putteth forth white floures & purple one with another: whereas con∣trariwise, all the floures of the lesse, which is called the black, be purple only. Both the one and the other loue to grow in plains and moors. The seed of Agnus Castus, if it be taken in drinke, hath a certain rellish or tast of wine, and it is commonly thought that it cureth feuers: & who∣soeuer is annointed therewith, being incorporat into a liniment with oile, shall soon sweat: and by that means it is good to rid away wearinesse. Agnus Castus, as well the one as the other, [unspec C] prouoketh vrine, and the monthly terms of women. Both of them fume vp into the head as wine doth: and no maruell, for they haue the very smell of wine. They be singular to send all vento∣sities downward. They stop the flux of the belly, and be excellent good for those who are in a drop sie, or troubled with the spleen. They haue this speciall property besides, to breed good store of milk in milch nurces. Aduerse they be to all poisons of serpents, such especially as doe mischiefe by their cold quality. The lesse is more effectuall against serpents. And for this pur∣pose they vse to giue either one dram of the seed to drink in wine or Oxycrat, which is vineger and water; or els two drams of the most tender leaues. There is neither of them both, but as wel the seed as the leaues, reduced into a liniment, be singular good for the pricke of spiders. And there is not any venomous creature that wil come neere those who are but annointed therwith: [unspec D] nay they wil flie from the very perfume therof, or the couch which is made of the leaues: they abate the heat of wanton lust: and in that regard especially they be contrary to the venomous spiders Phalangia, which by their sting do prick a man forward that way, and cause his flesh to rise. The floures and yong tendrils of Agnus Castus incorporat in oile rosat, do allay the head-ach, occasioned by drinking ouerliberally: but if the said headach be exceeding great, it is good to foment the head in a decoction of the seed of the said Agnus: for it will resolue & dispatch the extremity therof. The same likewise by way either of suffumigation or cataplasme, mundi∣fieth and clenseth the matrice. And being taken as a drink with penyroial and hony, it is a pur∣gatiue, and scoureth the belly. Mixed with Barly meale, and applied pultesse wise, it mollifieth [unspec E] those botches & byles which hardly grow to ripenesse. The seed tempered with salt petre and vineger, healeth tettars, ringwormes, and red pimples: and with hony cureth the cankers or sores of the mouth; yea, and any wheals and breaking forth whatsoeuer. The same reduced into a lini∣ment with butter and vine leaues, warisheth the infirmities incident to the cods: and if the seat be annointed with it & water medled together, it taketh away the chaps & fissures in that part. Brought into a cerot with salt, nitre, & wax, it is singular good for al dislocations: both the seed and leaues of Agnus, enter into many cataplasmes or mollitiue plasters, deuised for the sinewes and the guts: the seed boiled in wine, maketh a good decoction, which if it be dropped vpon the head by way of embracation, is right soueraign for lethargy and frensie both. It is said, that who∣soeuer beareth in his hand a twig of Agnus, or gird himselfe about the middle therewith, shall [unspec F] not be galled or fretted between the legs.

As touching Heath or Lings, which the Greeks call Erice, it is a shrub not much different from Tamariske, in colour and forme of leafe, such as it is, resembling Rosemary. The leafe of this plant (they say) is an enemy to serpents.

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As for Broom, it serueth also very well to make halters and cords of. The floures please bees [unspec G] passing well. I am in doubt and not able to say, whether this Genista or Broome, be that which the antient Greek writers called Sparton; for I haue shewed, that they vsed therof to make their fishing nets: and I wot not well whether Homer meant it, when he said, that the ship-sparts were vntwisted and loose. For this is certain, that neither the spart of Africk, ne yet the Spanish spart was as yet in any vse: and at what time as barges and vessels were sowed together with seams, it is wel known, that the stitches were made with linnen thred, & not with spart. The seed that it beareth, which the * 1.1 Greeks giue one and the same name to, growing within smal cods in maner of Phaseols, is as strong a purgatiue [of Melancholy] as Ellebore; if it be taken when one is fa∣sting to the weight of a dram and halfe, in four cyaths of honied water: the branches & leaues (such as they be) of Genista or Broome, being stamped after they haue lien infused in vineger, [unspec H] yeeld a certain juice singular good for the Sciatica, if it be drunk to the quantity of one cyath. Some chuse rather to steep it in sea-water, and to draw forth the juice, and so minister it with a clyster for the said purpose. The said juice incorporat with oile, serueth for an ointment also to be applied outwardly for the Sciatica. Some vse the seed for the strangury. The substance of Broom stamped with swines grease, helpeth the ach or pain in the knees.

To come now to Tamarisk, which the Greeks call Myrice, Lenaeus affirmeth, That it is vsed in maner of the Amerian willow for beesomes: and more than so, that if it bee sodden in wine, stamped and reduced into a liniment with hony, it healeth cankerous vlcers: and in very truth, some hold, That the Myrice and Tamariske be both one. But doubtlesse, singular it is for the spleen in case the patient drink the iuice pressed out of it in wine. And by report, there is that [unspec I] wonderfull antipathy and contrariety in Nature betweene Tamariske and this one part alone of all the other bowels, that if the troughs out of which swine drinke their swil, be made of this wood, they wil be found when they are opened, altogether without a spleen. And therfore some Physitians do prescribe vnto a man or woman also diseased in the spleen, and subject to the opi∣lations therof, both to drinke out of cups or cans of Tamarisk, and also to eat their meat out of such treen dishes as be made of that wood. One renowned writer aboue the rest, and for know∣ledge in great credit and author it among Physitians, hath affirmed and auouched constantly, That a twig of Tamarisk slipped or broken from the plant, so as it touched neither the ground, nor any yron toole, assuageth all belly ache, in case the patient weare it about him so, as that his girdle and coat hold it fast and close to the body. The common people cal it The vnlucky tree, [unspec K] as I haue heretofore said, because it beares no fruit, & is neuer with vs set or planted. In Corinth and all the territory or region round about, they name it Brya, and make two kinds thereof; to wit, the wilde, which is altogether barren, and that which is of a more tame and gentle nature. This Tamarisk in Egypt and Syria beareth in great plenty a certain fruit, in substance hard and wooddy, in quantity bigger than the gal-nut, of an vnpleasant and harsh tast; which the Physiti∣ans do vse in stead of the Gal-nut, and put into those compositions which they name Antheras. Howbeit, the very wood of this plant, the floure, leaues, and barke also, be vsed to the same pur∣pose, although they be not so strong in operation as the said fruit. The rind or barke beaten to pouder, is giuen with good successe to them that cast vp bloud: also to women who haue a great shift of their fleurs: likewise to such as be troubled with a continual flux, occasioned by the im∣becility [unspec L] of the stomack. The same bruised and applied as a cataplasme, represseth and smiteth backe all impostumations a breeding. The juice pressed out of the leaues, is good for the same infirmities: moreouer, they vse to boil the leaues in wine, for the same intent. But of themselues alone being brought into a liniment with some hony among, they are good to be applied vnto gangrenes. The foresaid decoction of the leaues beeing drunke in wine, or the leaues applied with oyle of Roses and wax, mitigat the said gangrenes, namely, when the flesh tendeth to mor∣tification. And in this manner they cure the night-foes or chilblanes. Their decoction is whol∣some for the paine of teeth or eares: for which purpose serueth the root likewise and the leaues. Ouer and besides, the leaues haue this property, That if they be brought into the form of a ca∣taplasme with barly groats and so applied, they keep down and restrain corrosiue vlcers. The [unspec M] seed if it be taken to the weight of a dram in drinke, is a preseruatiue and counterpoison against spiders, and namely those called Phalangia. And if the same be incorporat with the tallow or grease of any fatlings or beasts, kept vp in stall, stie, or mow, into a liniment, it is singular good for any vncome or fellon. Of great efficacy it is also against the sting of all serpents, except

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the Aspis. The decoction likewise of the seed clysterized, is singular for the jaundise, it kils lice [unspec A] and nits, and staieth the immoderat flux of womens months. The ashes of the very wood of the tree, is good in all those cases beforesaid: which if they be mingled in the stale of an oxe, and so taken of man or woman, either in meat or drink, it will disable them for hauing any mind to the sports of Venus euer after. And a burning cole of this wood, when it is quenched in the stale or beasts pisse, they vse to saue & lay vp in the shade for that purpose: but if one list to kindle lust, * 1.2 then they set it on fire againe. To conclude, the Magitians say, That it would do as much if the vrine only of a gelded man were taken for the said purpose.

Notes

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