The workes of that famous chirurgion Ambrose Parey translated out of Latine and compared with the French. by Th: Johnson

The Voyage of Hedin, 1553.

CHarles the Emperor caused the Citty of Theroünne to be beseiged, where Mon∣sieut the Duke of Savoy, was Generall of the whole army: it was taken by assault where there was a great number of our men slaine and prisoners. The King willing to prevent that the enemy should not also come to beseige the Citty & Castle of Hedin, sent Messiers the Duke Boüillion, the Duke Horace, the Marquesse of Villars, a number of Captaines, and about eight hundred souldiers, & during the seige of Theroüenne, the sayd Lords fortified the sayd Castle of Hedin, in such sort that it seemed impregna∣ble. The King sent me to the sayd Lords to helpe them with my Art, if there were any neede. Now soone after the taking of Theroüenne, we were beseiged with the army: there was a quicke cleare fountaine or Spring, within Cannon shot, where there was about fourescore whores, and wenches of the enemies, who were round about it to draw water. I was upon a Rampart beholding the Campe, and seeing so many idlers about the sayd fountaine, I prayed Monsieur de Pont Commissary of the Artillery, to make one Cannon shot, at that roguish company, he made me much de∣niall, answering me that such kind of people were not worth the powder they should

waste. Againe I prayed him to levell the Cannon, telling of him, the more dead the fewer enemies; which he did through my request, and at that shot fifteene or sixteene were kild and many hurt. Our souldiers sallied forth upon the enemies, where there was many kild, and flaine with musket shot and swords, as well on the one side, as of the other, and our souldiers did often make sallyes forth upon the enemies be∣fore their trenches were made; where I had much worke cut out, so that I had no rest night nor day for dressing the wounded. And I will tell this by the way, that we had put many of them in a great Tower, layd upon a little straw, and their pil∣lowes were stones, their coverlets were their cloakes, of those that had any. Whilst the battery was making, as many shot as the Cannons made, the patients sayd they felt paine in their woundes, as if one had given them blowes with a staffe, the one cry'd his head, the other his arme, and so of other parts; divers of their wounds bled afresh yea in greater quantity than first when they were wounded, and then it was I must runne to stay their bleeding. My little master, if you had beene there, you had beene much troubled with your hot irons, you had neede to have had much charcoale to make them red hot, and belee ve they would have slaine you like a Calfe for this cruelty. Now through this diabolicall tempest of the Eccho from these thundring Instruments, and by the great and vehement agitation of the collision of the ayre re∣sounding and reverberating in the wounds of the hurt people, divers dyed, and o∣thers because they could not rest by reason of the groanes and cryes that they made, night and day; and also for want of good nourishment and other good usage neces∣sary to wounded people. Now my little master, if you had beene there, you would hardly have given them gelly, restauratives, cullises, pressures, panado, cleansed barly, white meate, almond milke, Prunes, Raisons, and other proper meates for sicke people: your ordinance would onely have beene accomplisht in paper, but in effect they could have had nothing but old Cow beefe, which was taken about He∣din for our munition, salted and halfe boyled, insomuch that who would have eate it he must pull it with the force of his teeth, as birds of Prey doe carrion. I will not forget their linnen wherewith they were drest, which was onely rewashed every day, and dryed at the fire, and therefore dry & stubborne like Parchment, I leave you to thinke how their wounds could heale well. There was ••oure lusty whores to whom charg was given to wash their linnen, who discharged their duty under penalty of the batoone, and also they wanted both soape and water. See then how the sicke people dyed for want of nourishments, and other necessary things. One day our enemies fained to give us a generall assault, to draw our Souldiers upon the breach, to the end to know our countenance and behaviour: every one ranne thither, we had made great provision of artificiall fire, to defend the breach; a Priest belonging to Monsi∣eur du Boüillon tooke a granado, thinking to throw it on the enemies, and set it on fire sooner then he ought to have done: it brake asunder, and the fire fell amongst our fire workes, which were put into a house neere the breach; which was to us a merve∣lous disastre, because it burned diverse poore souldiers: it also tooke hold on the house it selfe, and we had beene all burned had not great helpe beene used for to quench it; there was but one Well there wherein was water in our Castle, which was almost quite dryed up, and in steede of water, we tooke beere and quenched it: then afterwards we had great scarcity of water; and to drinke the rest that remained which we must straine through napkins.

Now the enemy seeing this smoake and tempest of the fire workes which cast a very great flame and clashing noyse, beleeved wee had put the fire on purpose for the defence of our breach, to burne them, and that wee had great store of others. That made them to be of another opinion, than to taken us by assault; they did under∣mine, and digge into the greatest part of our walls, so that it was the way to over∣throw wholly the Castle topsie turvie, and when the mines were finisht, and that their Artillery shot, the whole Castle did shake under us, like an earthquake, which did much astonish us. Moreover he had levelled five peeces of Artillery which they had seated upon a little hill, to play upon our backes when wee should goe to defend the breach.

The Duke Horace had a Cannon shot upon one shoulder, which caried away his

arme on one side, and the body on the other, without being able to speake one one∣ly word. His death was to us a great disasture for the ranke which hee held in this place.

Likewise Monsieur de Martigues had a stroake with a Bullet which peire't through his Lungs; I drest him, as I will declare hereafter. Then we demanded Parle, and a Trumpet was sent toward the Prince of Piedmont, to know what composition it pleased him to make us: His answer was, that all the chiefe, as Gentlemen, Cap∣taines, Lievtenants, and Ensignes, should be taken for ransome, and the Souldiers should goe out without Armes; and if they refused this faire and honest proffer, the next day we ought to be assured they would have us by assault or otherwise. Coun∣sell was held, where I was called to know if I would signe as divers Captaines, Gen∣tlemen and others, that the place should bee rendred up. I made answer it was not possible to be held, and that I would signe it with my proper blood, for the little hope that I had, that wee could resist the enemies force, and also for the great de∣sire which I had to be out of this torment, and hell; for I slept not eyther night or day, by reason of the great number of hurt people, which were about two hundred. The dead bodies yeelded a great putrifaction, being heaped one upon the other like Fagots, and not being covered with earth because we had it not; and when I entred into one lodging, Souldiers attended me at the dore to goe dresse others at another; when I went forth, there was striving who should have me, and they carri∣ed me like a holy body not touching the ground with my foote in spight one of ano∣ther, nor could I satisfie so great a number of hurt people. Moreover I had not what was necessary to dresse them withall; for it is not sufficient that the Chirurgi∣on doe his duty towards the patients, but the patient must also doe his, and the assi∣stance, and all exterior things; witnesse Hippocrates in his first Aphorisme. Now having understood the resolution of the yeelding up of our place, I knew our affaires went not well; and for feare of being knowne I gave a veluet Coate, a Satin doublet, a very fine cloth cloak lin'd with velvet, to a Souldier, who gave me a scurvy old torne doub∣let cut and flasht with using, and a leather jerkin well examined, and an ill favoured hat, and a little cloake; I smutcht the collar of my shirt with water in which I had mingled a little soote; likewise I wore out my stockings with a stone at the knees and the heeles as if they had beene worne a long time, and I did as much to my shooes, in so much that they would rather take me for a Chimney sweeper, than a Kings Chirurgion. I went in this equipage towards Monsieur de Martigues, where I prayd him that he would take order that I might remaine neare him to dresse him, which he agreed to most willingly, and had as much desire I should remaine with him as I my selfe. Soone after, the Commissioners who had charge to elect the pri∣soners, entred into the Castle, the seaventeenth day of Iuly one thousand five hun∣dred fifty three, where they made Messieurs the Duke of Boüillon, the Marquesse of Villars, the Baron of Culan, Monsieur du Pont commissary of the Artillery, and Monsieur de Martigues and I to be taken through the request that he made to them; and all other Gentlemen which they could perceive were able to pay any ransome, and the most part of the Souldiers and the cheefe of the Companies, having such, and so many prisoners as they would.

Afterward the Spanish Souldiers entred by the Breach without any resistance, for ours esteemed they would hold their faith and composition that they should have their lives saved. They entred in with a great fury to kill, pillage, and rifle all they retained: some hoping to have ransome, they tyed their stones with Arquebuse cords, which was cast over a Pike which two held upon their shoulders, then pulled the said cord with a great violence and derision, as if they would ring a Bell, telling them that they must put themselves to the ransome, and tell of what houses they were; and if they saw they could have no profit, made them cruelly dye betweene their hands, or presently after their genitall parts would have ••alne into a Gangreene, and totall mortification; but they kild them all with their Daggers, and cut their throats. See now their great cruelty and persidiousnesse, let him trust to it that will. Now to returne to my purpose being lead from the Castle to the Citty with Mon∣sieur de Martigues, there was a Gentleman of the Duke of Savoyes, who asked mee

if Monsieur de Martigues wound was curable, I answered, not; who presently went and told the Duke of Savoy; now I thought he would send Physitions and Chirur∣gions to visit and dresse my said Monsieur de Martigues: in the meane time I thought with my selfe whether I ought to make it nice and not to acknowledge my selfe a Chirurgion for feare least they should retaine mee to dresse their wounded, and in the end they would know I was the Kings Chirurgion, and that they would make me pay a great ransome. On the other side I feared, if I should not make my selfe knowne to bee a Chirurgion, and to have carefully dressed Monsieur de Martigues, they would cut my throate, so that I tooke a resolution to make it appeare to them he would not dye for want of good dressing and looking to. Soone after, see, their arrives divers gentlemen accompanied with the Physition and Chirurgion to the Emperour, and those of the said Duke of Savoy, with sixe other Chirurgions fol∣lowing the Army, to see the hurt of the said Lord of Martigues, and to know of mee how I had dressed him, and with what medicines. The Emperours Physition bid me declare the essence of the wound, and how I had drest it. Now all the assistance had a very attentive eare to know if the wound were mortall or not: I began to make a discourse that Monsieur de Martigues looking over the wall to perceive them that did undermine it, received a shot from an Arquebuse quite through the body; pre∣sently I was called to dresse him, I saw hee cast blood out of his mouth, and his wounds. Moreover he had a great difficultie of breathing, and cast out winde by the said wounds with a whistling, in so much that it would blow out a Candle, and he said he had a most sharpe pricking paine at the entrance of the Bullet. I doe be∣leeve and thinke it might bee some little peeces of bones which prickt the Lungs. When they made their Systole and Diastole, I put my finger into him; where I found the entrance of the Bullet to have broken the fourth Rib in the middle and scales of bones which the said Bullet had thrust in, and the outgoing of it had likewise bro∣ken the fift Rib with peeces of bones which had beene driven from within outward; I drew out some but not all, because they were very deepe and adherent. I put in each wound a Tent, having the head very large, tyed with a thread, least by the in∣spiration it might bee drawne into the capacity of the Thorax, which hath beene knowne by experience to the detriment of the poore wounded; for being fallen in, it cannot be taken out, which is the cause that engenders putrifaction, a thing con∣trary to nature. The said Tents were annointed with a medicine compos'd of yolks of Egges, Venice Turpentine, with a little oyle of Roses: My intention for putting the Tents was to stay the flux of blood, and to hinder that the outward ayre did not en∣ter into the breast, which might have cooled the Lungs and by consequent the heart. The said Tents were also put, to the end that issue might bee given for the blood that was spilt within the Thorax. I put upon the wound great Emplasters of Diacalcitheos in which I had relented oyle of Roses and Vinigar to the avoyding of inflammati∣on, then I put great stupes of Oxycrate, and bound him up, but not hard, to the end he might have easie respiration; that done I drew from him five porrengers of blood from the Basilicke veine of the right arme, to the end to make revulsion of the blood which runs from the wounds into the Thorax, having first taken indication from the wounded part, and cheefely his forces, considering his youth and his san∣guine temper; Hee presently after went to stoole, and by his urine and seege cast great quantity of blood. And as for the paine which he said he felt at the entrance of the Bullet which was as if he had beene pricked with a bodkin, that was because the Lungs by their motion beate against the splinters of the broken Rib. Now the Lungs are covered with a coate comming from the membrane called Pleura, inter∣weaved with nerves of the sixt conjugation from the braine, which was cause of the extreame paine he felt; likewise he he had a great difficultie of breathing, which proceeded from the blood which was spilt in the capacitie of the Thorax, and upon the Diaphragme, the principall instrument of respiration, and from the dilacerati∣on of the muscles which are betweene each Rib, which helpe also to make the expi∣ration and the inspiration; and likewise because the Lungs were torne and wounded by the Bullet, which hath caused him ever since to spit blacke and putrid blood in coughing. The Feaver seazed him soone after he was hurt, with faintings and swoo∣nings.

It seemed to mee that the said feaver proceeded from the putredinous va∣pours arising from the blood which is out of his proper vessells, which hath fallen downe, and will yet flow downe. The wound of the Lungs is growne great and will grow more great, because it is in perpetuall motion, both fleeping and waking, and is dilated and comprest to let in the aire to the heart, and cast fuliginous vapours out: by the unnaturall heate is made inflammation, then the expulsive ver∣tue is constrained to cast out by cough whatsoever is obnoxious unto it: for the Lungs cannot be purged but by coughing, & by coughing the wound is dilated, and growes greater, from whence the blood issues out in great aboundance, which blood is drawne from the heart by the veine arteriall to give them nourishment, and to the heart by the vena cava; his meate was barly broth, stewed prunes, sometimes pana∣do; his drinke was Ptisan: He could not lye but upon his backe which shewed he had a great quantity of blood spilt within the capacity of the Thorax, and being spread or spilled along the spondills, doth not so much presse the Lungs as it doth being laid on the sides or sitting.

What shall I say more, but that the said Lord Martigues since the time hee was hurt hath not reposed one houre onely, and hath alwayes cast out bloody urines and stooles. These things then Messieres considered, one can make no other prognosticke but that he will dye in a few dayes, which is to my great greefe. Having ended my discourse I drest him as I was wont; having discovered his wounds, the Physitions and other assistants presently knew the truth of what I had said.

The said Physitions having felt his pulse and knowne his forces to be almost spent, and abolished, concluded with mee that in a few dayes he would dye; and at the same instant went all toward the Lord of Savoy, where they all said, that the said Lord Martigues would dye in a short time; he answered, it were possible if hee were well drest he might escape: Then they all with one voyce said, hee had beene very well drest, and sollicited with all things necessary for the curing of his wounds, and could not be better, and that it was impossible to cure him, and that his wound was mortall of necessity. The Monsieur de Savoy shewed himselfe to bee very much discontented and wept, and asked them againe if for certaine they all held him de∣plored and remedilesse, they all answered, yes. Then a certaine Spanish impostor offered himselfe, who promised on his life that he would cure him, and if he failed to cure him, they should cut him in an hundred peeces; but he would not have any Physitions, Chirurgions or Apothecaries with him. And at the same instant the sayd Lord of Savoy told the Physitions and Chirurgions they should not in any wise goe any more to see the sayd Lord of Martigues Also he sent a Gentleman to me to forbid me upon paine of life not to touch any more the said Lord of Marti∣gues, which I promised not to doe; wherefore I was very glad, seeing he should not dye in my hands, and commanded the said impostor to dresse the said Lord of Mar∣tigues. And that he should have no other Physitions nor Chirurgions but him; he came presently to the said Lord of Martigues, who told him,

Senor Cavallero el senor Dugue me ha mandado que viniesse a curar vostra herida, yo os juro á Dios que antes de acho dias yo os haga subir a Cavallo con la lansa en puno contalque no ago que yo qúos togue, Comereis y bibereis todas comidas que fueren de vostro gusto y yo hare la dieta pro V. m. y desto os de veu aseguirar sobre de mi, yo he sanado mun hos que tenian magores heridas que la Vostra. That is to say, Lord Cavalleere, Monsieur the Duke of Savoy hath commanded me to come dresse thy wound; I sweare to thee by God, that before eight dayes I will make thee mount on horsebacke with thy Lance in thy hand, provided, that no man may touch thee but my selfe; thou shalt eate and drinke any thing thou hast a minde to, I will performe thy diet for thee, and of this thou maist be assured upon my promise, I have cured divers who have had grea∣ter wounds than thine: and the Lord replyed, God give you the grace to doe it.

He demanded of the sayd Lord a shirt and tore it in little ragges, which hee put a crosse, muttering, and murmuring certaine words over the wound; and having drest him, permitted him to eate and drinke what he would, telling him hee would observe a dyet for him, which he did, eating but six prunes and sixe bits of bread at a

meale, and drinking but beere. Notwithstanding, two dayes after, the sayd Lord of Martigues dyed; and my Spaniard, seeing of him in the agony, eclipst himselfe and got away without bidding, farewell to any body; and I beleeve if he had beene taken he had bin hang'd for his false promises, which he had made to Monsieur the Duke of Savoy, and to divers other gentlemen.

He dyed about tenne of the clocke in the morning, and after dinner, the sayd Lord of Savoy, sent Physitions and Chirurgions and his Apothecary, with a great quantity of Drogues, to embalme him; they came accompanied with divers gentle∣men and Captaines of the Army.

The Emperors Chirurgion came neere to me, and prayed me kindly to open the body; which I refused, telling him I was not worthy to carry his plaster boxe after him: he prayed me againe, which then I did for his sake, if it so liked him. I would yet againe have excused my selfe, that seeing he was not willing to embalme him, that he would give this charge to another Chirurgion of the company; he made me yet answere, that he would it should be I, and if I would not doe it, I might hereaf∣ter repent it: knowing this his affection, for feare he should not doe me any displea∣sure, I tooke the rasor and presented it to all in particular, telling them I was not well practised to doe such operations which they all refused.

The body being placed upon a table, truely I purposed to shew them that I was an Anatomist, declaring to them diverse things, which should be heere too long to recite. I began to tell all the company that I was sure the bullet had broken two ribs, and that it had past through the Lungs, and that they should finde the wound much enlarged, because they are in perpetuall motion, sleeping or waking, and by this mo∣tion the wound was the more dilacerated. Also that there was great quantity of blood spilt in the capacity of the brest, and upon the midriffe, and splinters of the broken ribbes which were beaten in at the entrance of the bullet, and the issuing forth of it, had carried out. Indeed all which I had told them was found true in the dead body.

One of the Physitions asked me, which way the blood might passe to be cast out by Vrine, being contained in the Thorax. I answeared him that there was a mani∣fest conduit, which is the Vena A••ygos, who having nourisht the ribbes, the rest of the blood descends under the Diaphragme, and on the left side is conjoyned to the emul∣gent veine, which is the way by which the matter in pleuresies and in Empiema, doe manifestly empty themselves by urine and stoole. As it is likewise seene, the pure milke of the brests of women newly brought to bed, to descend by the Mammillary Veines, and to be evacuated downewards by the necke of the wombe without being mixt with the blood. And such a thing is done (as it were by a miracle of nature) by her expulsive and sequesting vertue, which is seene by experience of two glasse ves∣sells called Mount-wine; let the one be filled with water, and the other with Claret wine, and let them be put the one upon the other, that is to say, that which shall bee filled with water, upon that which shall be filled with wine; and you shall apparent∣ly see the wine mount up to the top of the vessell quite through the water, and the water descend atraverse the wine, and goe to the bottome of the vessell without mixture of both; and if such a thing be done so exteriorly and openly to the sense of our eye, by things without life: you must beleeve the same in our understanding. That nature can make matter and blood to passe, having beene out of their vessells yea through the bones without being mingled with the good blood.

Our discourse ended, I embalmed the body, and put it into a Coffinne; after that the Emperors Chirurgion tooke me apart, and told me if I would remaine with him that he would use me very well, and that he would cloath me anew, also that I should ride on horsebacke. I thanked him very kindly for the honour he did me, and told him that I had no desire to doe service to strangers, and enemies to my Countrey; then he told mee I was a foole, and if he were prisoner as I, hee would serve the divell to get his liberty. In the end I told him flat that I would not dwell at all with him.

The Emperors Physition returned toward the sayd Lord of Savoy, where he de∣clared the cause of the death of the sayd Lord of Martigues, and told him that it was

impossible for all the men in the would to have cured him; and confirmed againe, that I had done what was necessary to be done, and prayed him to winne mee to his service, and spoke better of me than I deserved.

Having beene perswaded to take me to his service, he gave charge to one of his stewards named Monfieur du Bouchet, to tell me, if I would dwell in his service that he would use me kindly: I answered him, that I thank't him most humbly, and that I had resolved not to dwell with any stranger. This my answer being heard by the Duke of Savoy, he was somewhat in choller, and sayd, hee would send mee to the Gallies.

Monsieur de Vandeville, Governour of Gravelin, and Colonell of seaventeene En∣signes of foote, prayed him, to give me to him, to dresse him of an Vlcer which he had in his Leg this six or seaven yeares; Monsieur de Savoy told him because I was of worth, that he was content, and if I ranckled his Leg it would be ••ell done; Hee answered that if hee perceaved any thing, that hee would cause my throate to be cut.

Soone after, the said Lord of Vaudeville sent for me by fowre Germane Halber∣diers, which affrighted me much, not knowing whither they led mee, they spake no more French than I high Dutch; being arrived at his lodging, he told mee I was welcome, and that I was his; and as soone as I should have cured him of that Vl∣cer in his Leg, that he would give me leave to be gone without taking any ransome of me. I told him I was not able to pay any ransome.

Then he made his Physition and Chirurgions in ordinary to shew mee his ulce∣rated Leg; having seene and considered it, we went apart into a Chamber where I began to tell them, that the said Vlcer was annuall, not being simple but compli∣cated: that is to say, of a round figure, and scaly, having the lips hard and callous, hollow and sordid, accompanied with a great varicous veine which did perpetually feede it; besides a great tumor, and a phlegmonous distemper very painefull through the whole Leg, in a body of cholericke complexion; as the haire of his face and beard demonstrated. The method to cure it (if cured it could be) was to begin with universall things, that is, with purgation and bleeding, and with this order of dyet, that hee should not use any wine at all, nor any salt meates, or of great nourishment, chiefely these which did heat the blood: afterward the cure must begun with making divers scarifications about the Vlcer, and totally cutting away the callous edges or lips, and giving a long or a triangular figure, for the round will very hardly cure, as the Ancients have left it in writing, which is seene by ex∣perience. That done, the filth must be mundified, as also the corrupted flesh, which should be done with Vnguentum Aegyptiacum, and upon it a bolster dipt in juice of Plantaine and Nightshade and Oxycrate, and roule the Leg beginning at the foote, and finishing at the knee, not forgetting a little bolster upon the Varicous veine, to the end no superfluities should flow to the Vlcer. Moreover that he should take rest in his bed, which is commanded by Hippocrates, who saith, that those who have soare Legs should not use much standing or sitting, but lying along. And after these things done and the Vlcer well mundified, a plate of Lead rubbed with quickesilver should be applyed. See then the meanes, by which the said Lord Vaudeville might be cured of the said Vlcer; all which they found good. Then the Physition left mee with the Chirurgion, and went to the Lord Vaudeville; to tell him that he did assure him I would cure him, and told him all that I had resolved to doe, for the cure of his Vlcer: whereof hee was very joyfull. He made mee to bee called to him, and asked me if I was of the opinion that his Vlcer could be cured, and I told him, yes, provided he would be obedient to doe what he ought. He made me a promise hee would performe all things which I would appoint; and as soone as his Vlcer should be cured, he would give me liberty to returne without paying any ransome. Then I beseech't him to come to a better composition with me, telling him that the time would be too long to bee in liberty, if I stayd till hee was perfectly well, and that I hoped within fifteene dayes the Vlcer should bee diminished more than one halfe, and it should bee without paine, and that his Physitions and Chirurgions would fi∣nish the rest of the cure very easily. To which hee agreed, and then I tooke a peece

of paper, and cut it the largenesse of the Vlcer, which I gave him, and kept as much my selfe. I prayd him to keepe promise, when he should finde his businesse done: He swore by the faith of a Gentleman he would doe it; then I resolved to dresse him well, according to the method of Galen, which was, that after all strange things were taken out of the Vlcer, and that there wanted nothing but filling up with flesh, I drest him but once a day, and he found that very strange. And likewise his physition which was but a fresh man in those affaires, who would perswade mee with the Patient, to dresse him two or three times a day, I prayd him to let me doe what I thought good; and that it was not to prolong the cure, but on the contrary to hasten it, for the great desire I had to be in liberty. And that he would looke in Galen in the fourth book of the composition of medicaments secundum genera, who saith, that if a medicine doe not remaine long upon the part it profits not so much, as when it doth continue long, a thing which many Physitions have beene ignorant of, and have thought it hath beene better to change the Plaster often. And this ill custome is so inveterate and rooted, that the Patients themselves accuse oftentimes the Chirurgions of negligence, because they doe not oftner remove their empla∣sters; but they are deceived. For as you have understood and read in my workes in divers places: The qualities of all bodies which mutually touch, operate one against another, and both of them suffer something, where one of them is much stronger than the other, by meanes whereof the said qualities are united, they familiarise with the time, although they are very much differing from the manner, that the quality of the medicament doth unite, and sometimes becomes like to that of the body, which is a very profitable thing. Therefore they say, he is to be praised much who first invented not to change the Plasters so often, because it is knowne by experi∣ence, this is a good invention.

Moreover it is said, great fault is committed to dresse Vlcers often in wiping of them hard, for one takes not away onely the unprofitable excrement, which is the pu•• or Sanies of the Vlcer, but the matter whereof the flesh is engendred; wherefore for the reasons aforesaid it is not needefull to dresse Vlcers so often.

The said Lord Vaudeville, would see whether that which I alledged out of Galen were true, and commanded the said Physition to looke there, for that hee would know it; he caused the booke to be brought upon the table, where my saying was found true, and then the Physition was ashamed, and I very joyfull. So that the said Lord of Vaudeville desired not to bee dressed but once a day, in so much that within fifteene dayes the Vlcer was almost cicatrized; the composition being made betweene us, I began to be merry. He made me eate and drinke at his Table, when there was not men of more great ranke with him.

He gave me a great red sear••e, which hee commanded me to weare. I may say I was as glad of it as a dog that hath a clog, for feare he should goe into the vineyard and eate the grapes. The Physition and Chirurgion led mee through the Campe to visit their hurt people, where I tooke notice what our enemies did; I perceived they had no more peeces of Cannon, but onely twenty five or thirty peeces for the field.

Monsieur de Vaudeville held Monsieur de Bauge prisoner, the brother of Monsieur de Martigues who dyed at Hedin. The said Lord of Bauge was prisoner in the Castle of the heape of wood belonging to the Emperour, who had beene taken at Ther••∣üenne by two Spanish Souldiers. Now the said Lord of Vaudeville having looked well upon him, conceived he must be a Gentleman of some good house, and to be the better assured, he caused him to have his stockings pulled off, & seeing his stockings and his feete cleare and neate, together with his white fine socke, it confirmed him the better in his opinion, that it was a man was able to pay some good ransome. He demands of the Souldiers if they would take thirty Crownes for their prisoner, and that he would give it to them presently, to which they agreed willingly, because they had neither meanes to keepe him, nor feede him; besides they knew not his worth, therefore they delivered their prisoner into the hands of the said Lord of Vaudeville, who presently sent him to the Castle of the heape of wood with a guard of foure Souldiers with other Gentlemen prisoners of ours. The said Lord Bauge

would not discover himselfe, who hee was, and endured very much, being kept but with bread and water, and lay upon a little straw. The said Lord of Vaudeville after the taking of Hedin, sent word to the said Lord Bauge and other prisoners, that the place of Hedin was taken, and the list of those that had beene slaine, and amongst the rest, Monsieur de Martigues: and when the said Lord of Bauge heard the sound of the death of his brother the Lord Martigues, he began much to weepe and lament; his keeper demanded of him, why he made so many & sogreat lamentations? He de∣clared unto them that it was for Monsieur de Martigues his brothers sake. Having un∣derstood that, the Captaine of the Castle dispatcht a man away quickly, to tell it to Monsieur de Vaudeville that he had a good prisoner; who having received this good newes rejoyced greatly, and the next day sent me with his physition and foure Souldiers to the wood Castle to know if his prisoner would give him fifteene thou∣sand Crownes for a ransome; he would send him free to his owne house, and for the present he desired but the security of two Merchants of Antwerp, that hee would name. The said Lord Vaudeville pers vaded me that I would make his agreement with his prisoner. See then why he sent me to the woodden Castle, and comman∣ded the Captaine of the Castle to use him well, and to put him into a Chamber hung with Tap••strie, and that they should make his guard more strong, and from that time they made him good cheare at his expence.

The answer of the said Lord of Bauge was, that to put himselfe to ransome hee was not able; and that, that depended upon Monsieur d'Estamps his Vnckle, and of Mi∣strisse de Bressure his Aunt, and that he had not any meanes to pay such a ransome. I returned with my keepers to the said Lord Vaudeville, and told him the answer of his said prisoner, who told me, Perhaps he should not out at so good a rate, which was true, for he was discovered. And forthwith the Queene of Hungary, and the Duke of Savoy sent word to the Lord Vaudeville, that this morsell was too great for him, and that he must send him to them, (which he did) and that he had enough prisoners besides him: he was put to forty thousand Crownes ransome besides other expenses.

Returning toward the said Lord Vaudeville I passed by S. Omer, where I saw their great peeces of battery, whereof the greatest part was flawed and broken. I came backe also by Theroüenne, where I did not see so much as stone upon stone, un∣lesse the marke of a great Church. For the Emperour gave commandement to the country people within five or six leagues about, that they should empty and carry away the stones; in so much, that now one may drive a Cart over the Citty, as is likewise done at Hedin, without any appearance of Castle or Fortresse. See then the mischeefe which comes by the warres.

And to returne to my purpose, presently after my said Lord Vaudeville was very well of his Vlcer and little wanted of the entire cure, which was the cause hee gave me my leave, and made me be conducted with a Passeport by a Trumpet to Abbe∣ville, where I tooke post, and went and found the King Henry my Master at Au••imon, who received me with joy, and a good countenance.

He sent for the Duke of Guise the high Constable of France, and Monsieur d'Estrez, to understand by me what had past at the taking of Hedin; and I made them a faith∣full report, and assured them I had seene the great peeces of Battery, which they had carried to S. Omer. Whereof the King was very joyfull, because hee feared least the enemy should come further into France. He gave me two hundred Crownes to retire my selfe to my owne house, and I was very glad to bee in liberty and out of this great torment and noise of Thunder from the Diabolicke artillery, and farre from the Souldiers, blasphemers and deniers of God. I will not omit to tell here that after the taking of Hedin, the king was advertised that I was not slaine, but that I was a prisoner, which his Majestie caused to be written to my wife by Monsieur du Goguier his cheefe Physition, and that shee should not be in any trouble of mind for me, for that I was safe and well, and that he would pay my ransome.