CHAP. VIII. Of the muscles of the face.
NOw we must describe the muscles of the face pertaining as well to the * 1.1 lips as to the lower jaw. These are 18. in number, on each side nine, that is, foure of the lips, two of the upper, and as many of the lower. But there belong five to the lower jaw. The first of the upper lip being the longer, and narrower, ariseing from the yoake-bone descends by the corner of the mouth to the lowerlip, that so it may bring it to the upper lip, and by that meanes shut the mouth. The other being shorter and broader, passing forth of the hollownes of the cheeke, or upper jaw (by which a portion of the nerves of the third conjugati∣on descends to these two muscles, and other parts of the face) ends in the upper part of the same upper lip, which it composes together with the fleshy pannicle and skin, and it opens it by turning up the exteriour fibers towards the nose, and shuts it by drawing the internall inwards towards the teeth.
The first of the lower lip being the longer and slenderer, entring out of that region which is between the externall perforation of the upper jaw (through which on the inner part of the same, a nerve passeth forth to the same muscles) and the muscle Masseter, (of which hereafter) then ascending upwards by the corner of the mouth, it ends in the upper lip, that so it may draw it to the lower.
The other broader and shorter begins at the lower part of the Chin and the hol∣lownes thereof, and ends at the lower lip which it makes, opening it within and with∣out by its internall and externall fibers, as we also said of its opposite. And that I may speake in a word, Nature hath framed three sorts of Muscles for the motion of the mouth, of which some open the mouth, others shut it, and othersome wrest it and draw it awry; but you must note that when the muscles of one kind joyntly performe their functions (as the a upper which we described in the first place, on each side one which draw the lower lip to the upper, and the muscles opposite to them) they make a right or straight motion; but when either of them moves severally, it moves oblique∣ly, as when we draw our mouth aside. But these muscles are so fastened and fixed to the skin, that they cannot be seperated; so that it is no great matter whether you call it a musculous skin, or a skinny muscle (Which also takes place in the palmes of the hands and soles of the feet) but these muscles move the lips, the upper jaw being not moved at all.