The workes of that famous chirurgion Ambrose Parey translated out of Latine and compared with the French. by Th: Johnson

CHAP. VII. Of the Nose.

THe Nose is called in Greeke Ris, because the excrements of the Braine flow forth by this passage, thou maiest understand it hath a divers substance by composition. The quantity, figure and site are sufficiently knowne to all. But it is composed of the skinne and muscles, bones, gristles, a membrane or coate nerve••, veines and arteryes. The skin and bones both contained and containing, have formerly beene explained, as also the nerves, veines and arteries. The gristles of the Nose are sixe in number; the first is double seperating both the nose-thrils in the top of the nose extended even to the bone Ethmoides. The second lyes under the for∣mer. * 1.1 The third and fourth are continued to the two outward bones of the nose. The fifth & sixth being very slender and descending on both sides of the nose, make the wings or moveable parts thereof. Therefore the use of these gristles is, that the nose moveable about the end thereof, should be lesse obnoxious to externall injuryes, as fractures & bruses, and besides more fit for drawing the aire in & expelling it forth in breathing. For nature for this purpose hath bestowed foure muscles upon the nose, on each side two, one within, and another without.

The Externall taketh its originall from the cheeke, and descending obliquely from * 1.2 thence and after some sort annexed to that which opens the upperlip, is terminated into the wing of the nose, which it dilates.

The internall going on the inner sider from the jaw bone, ends at the beginning of the gristles that make the wings, that so it may contract them. The coate which in∣wardly invests the nose-thrils and their passages, is produced by the sive-like bones from the Crassa meninn, as the inner coate of the Palate, throtle, weazon, Gullet and inner ventricle, that it is no mervaile, if the affects of such parts be quickly communi∣cated with the braine. This same coate on each side receives a portion of a nerve from

the third conjugation, through the hole which descends to the nose by the great cor∣ner of the eye.

The nose in all the parts thereof is of a cold and dry temper. The Action and pro∣fit * 1.3 thereof is to carry the aire and oft times smells to the mammillary processes, and from thence to the foure ventricles of the braine, for the reasons formerly shewed. But because the mammillary processes being the passages of the aire and smells are double, & for that one of these may be obstructed without the other, therfore nature hath also distinguished the passage of the nose with a gristly partitiō put between, that when the one is obstructed, they aire by the other may enter into the braine for the generation and preservation of the animall spirit. The two holes of the nose first as∣cend upwards; and then downewards into the mouth, by a crooked passage, lest the cold aire, or dust should be carryed into the lungs. But the nose was parted into two * 1.4 passages as we see, not onely for the forementioned cause, but also for helping the respiration and vindicating the smell from externall injuryes, and lastly for the orna∣ment of the face.

Notes

• * 1.1

  The Gristles of the nose.
• * 1.2

  The muscles thereof.
• * 1.3

  The temper, action and use
• * 1.4

  Why the nose was parted•…•… two.