The workes of that famous chirurgion Ambrose Parey translated out of Latine and compared with the French. by Th: Johnson

CHAP. XV. The division of the Arteries.

THe Artery arising forth of the left ventricle of the heart, is presently (the two Coronall arteries being first spred over the substance of the heart) divi∣ded into two unequall branches. The greater whereof descends to the lower parts, being distributed, as we formerly mentioned in the third Booke, and * 1.1 22. Chapter. The lesser ascending to the upper parts, is againe divided into two o∣ther unequall branches, the lesser of which ascending towards the left side, sends forth no artery from it, untill it arive at the first rib of the Chest, where it produces the subclavian artery, which is distributed after the manner following.

First, it produces the intercostall, and by it imparts life to the three intercostall muscles of the foure upper ribs, and to the neighbouring places.

Secondly, it brings forth the Mammillary branch, which is distributed as the Mammillary veine is.

Thirdly, the Cervicalis, which ascends along the necke by the transverse produ∣ctions * 1.2 to the Dura mater, being distributed as the vena cervicalis is.

Fourthly, passing out of the Chest, from the backe part of the Chest, it sends * 1.3 forth the musculosa, whereby it gives life to the hinde muscles of the necke, even to the backe part of the head. * 1.4

Fiftly, having wholy left the Chest, it sends forth the two Humerariae, or shoulder arteries, the one whereof goes to the muscles of the hollow part of the shoulder * 1.5 blade, the other to the joint of the arme and the muscles situate there, and the gib∣bous part of the shoulder blade. * 1.6

Sixthly and lastly, it produces the Thoracica, which also is two fold, for the one goes to the fore muscles of the Chest, the other to the Latssimus, as we said of the veine, the remnant of it makes the Axillaris of that side.

The other greater branch likewise ascending by the right side, even to the first ribbe of the Chest, makes also the subclavian of that side, which besides those divi∣sions it makes on this side, like those of the left side, hath also another which makes the right and left Carotides or sleepy arteries, which ascending undivided with a nerve of the sixth conjugation and the internal jugular veine, by the sides of the As∣pera Arteria or windpipe, when they come to the Pharinx, they are divided on each side into two branches, the one internall, the other externall. The internall and grea∣ter

is sent to the Pharinx, Larinx and tongue; then entring into the head by the long hole, and the backe part of the upper jaw, it sends many branches to the nose, eyes, the inside of the temporall muscles and to the Crassa meninx, or Dura mater: the re∣mainder of this branch going by the side holes of the same, that it might there make the Plexus admirabilis as we see. And then it is spent upon the basis of the braine a∣bundantly diffused over the tenuis meninx or Pia mater, and the membrane or Plexus Choroides. The externall or lesser branch of the sleepy arteries goes to the cheekes, * 1.7 the temples, and behind the eares; lastly, it sends a branch into the long muscle of the necke, with which the internall Iugular veine insinuates it selfe into the Dura ma∣ter, entring by the hole of the nerves of the sixth conjugation.

[illustration]

The Figure of the Arteries.

A. The orifice of the great Ar∣terie, or the beginning there∣of, where it issueth out of the heart.

B. Coronaria, so called, because like a crowne it compasseth the basis of the heart.

C. The division of the great ar∣terie into two trunkes V i.

D. the left subclavian climbing obliquely upward unto the ribs.

E. the upper intercostall artery, or a branch which bestoweth foure propagations unto the distances of the lower rib.

F. the necke arterie which through the transverse proces∣ses of the rackebones of the necke, attaineth to the scull, bestowing surcles unto the marrow and his neighbour muscles.

G. the left Mammary artery running under the breast-bone, and to the navell.

It distributeth surcles to the Mediastinum, the muscles of the brest, and of the Abdomen.

H. Muscula, or a branch attai∣ning to the backeward muscles of the necke.

I. the Scapular arteries which goe unto the hollownesse of the blade, and of the muscles that lie thereon.

K. Humeraria which climbeth over the top of the shoulder. L. Thoracica superior, sprinkled unto the forward muscles of the Chest. M. Thoracica inferior, which passing along the sides of the Chest, attaineth to the broad muscles of the arme. N. the axilla∣rie artery running out into the arme and affording branches unto the muscles thereof. O. A branch reaching to the outside of the cubit lying deepe. PP. Branches to the ioynt of the cubit with the arme. Q. the upper branch of the artery running along the Radius and offering surcles to the thumbe, the fore-finger and the middle finger. k A surcle creeping unto the outside of the hand and led betwixt the first bone of the thumbe and that of the after-wrist, supporteth the fore-finger where wee

[illustration]

use to feele the pulse. S. the lower branch of the artery running along the Vlna and communicating surcles to the little finger, the ring finger, and the middle finger. A little branch unto the muscles about the little finger. T. the distri∣bution of the upper and lower branches into the hand and the fingers V. the trunke of the great artery ascending to the Iugulum, and the division thereof in that place into X, Y, Z. X, the left Carotis or sleepy artery. Y, Subclavian dextra is divided into branches, as the right is divided. Z. Carotis dextra, called also Apoplectica and Li∣thargica. a, The division of the left Carotis in the chops. b, the exterior branch of that division going into the face, the temples, and behind the eares. c, the inner branch going to the throttle, the choppes and the tongue. d, the division hereof at the basis of the scull, into two branches which enter the sinus of the Dura mater. e, A propaga∣tion of the branch b, unto the muscles of the face. f, the distribution of the branch b, under the roote of the eare. g. the fore-branch hereof creeping up the temples. h. the backe branch running on the backeside of the eare under the skinne. i, the trunke of the great artery, descending unto the spondels of the backe. kkk, the lower Intercostall arteries which goe unto the distances of the eight lower ribbes, from which are of∣fered surcles to the marrow, and to the muscles that grow to the backe and to the Chest. l, the artery of the midriffe called Phronica or Diaphragmatica. ζ, Mesenterica Superior, but you must note that above ζ, the trunke of the Coeliacall artery is taken away, left the multitude of letters in so small a Table should breed obscuritie. r, 〈◊〉〈◊〉, the right and left emulgents running from the Aorta or great artery unto the kidneies. 〈◊〉〈◊〉, 〈◊〉〈◊〉, the spermaticall arteries on either side going to the testicles. λ, the lower Mesen∣tericall artery on the left below μ, running especially into the Collicke gut on that side. μμ, the arteries called Lumbares which runne overthwart and like knees, affor∣ding surcles to the muscles that grow to the loynes, and to the Peritonaeum. μ, the lower; Muscula superior running into the sides of the Abdomen and the muscles. v v, the byfurcation of the great artery into two Iliacke trunkes, and at the sides, but some-what inward are branches which make those that are called Sacrae. T, the division of the left Iliacke trunke into an inner branch at ξ and an utter at φ. ξ, the inner Iliacke branch. 〈◊〉〈◊〉, Muscula inferior, the utter propagation of the inner branch going unto the muscles which cover the branch bone and the Coxendix. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, Hypogastrica, the inner propagation of the inner branch going to the bladder, the yard and the necke of the womb. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, the umbilicall artery. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, the remainder of the branch ξ, assuming an addition from the utter branch neere φ, and so falling through the hole of the share bone into the legge. τ, Epigastrica, it ascendeth upward unto the right muscle of the Abdomen, and about the navell is ioyned with the mammary artery. ν, Pudenda, it creepeth overthwart the share bone. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, the Crurall trunke without the Peritonaeum. χ, Muscula cruralis exterior, going into the fore muscles of the thigh. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, Muscula cruralis interior, going unto the muscles of the inside of the thigh. ω, The conjunction of this arterie with the branches. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, Poplitaea, going to the muscles on the backside of the thigh. ΔΔ, which communicateth small branches to the ioynt of the knee, and the muscles that make the calfe of the legge. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, the division of the Crurall artery under the hamme into three branches. Λ, Tibiaea exterior, it accompanieth the brace-bone, and is consumed into the muscles. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 the chiefe part of the crural artery. Σ, the upper & backer Tibiaea. Πφ, the lower and backer Tibiaea running unto the upper side of the foote at φ. ψ, A propagation of the crurall artery going to the inner and upper side of the foote, and sprinkling a branch unto the ankle. Ω, A propagation unto the lower part of the foote which affordeth surcles to each toe.

But we must note that there be more veines in a mans body, than arteries, and be∣sides that the veines are farre thicker. For there is no need for preserving the native heat in the parts themselves, either of so many, or so large instruments of that kinde. Therefore you may often finde veines without arteries, but never arteries without veines.

But we understand that an artery is a companion to a vein, not only when it touches it, or adheres to it by common membranes, as usually it happens; but also when it is appointed together with the veine for the use of the same part.

Notes

• * 1.1

  The left branch of the ascendant ar∣tery is lesse then the right. The distribu∣tion of the left subclavian artery into the, 1 Intercostalis.
• * 1.2

  2 Mammaria.
• * 1.3

  3. Cervicalis.
• * 1.4

  4 Musculosa.
• * 1.5

  5 Humoraria duplex.
• * 1.6

  6 Theracica du∣plex. The distribu∣tion of the right subcla∣vian Artery. The Carotides, or sleepy arte∣ries. Their divi∣sion. The distribu∣tion of the in∣ternall branch of the sleepy arteries.
• * 1.7

  To what parts the externall branch of the sleepy artery arrives.