A reproufe, written by Alexander Nowell, of a booke entituled, A proufe of certayne articles in religion denied by M. Iuell, set furth by Thomas Dorman, Bachiler of Diuinitie: and imprinted at Antvverpe by Iohn Latius. Anno. 1564. Set foorth and allowed, according to the Queenes Maiesties iniunctions

Dorman. fol. 11.

And thus vvhilest moste shamefully to the great dis∣honor of the vvhole realme (vnder vvhose name as it

vver that fardel of lies, their apologie vvas sent abroade) thei haue not ben ashamed, to charge vvith this heresie of Suenkfeldius, one of the greatest estates, both for lerning and vertue that at this daie Christendom hath: vve may se that thei haue not only shovved thē selues to be very vvicked, and shameles men, (the truthe to their vtter and perpetuall infamie and shame, had thei any, plainly to the contrary, in the vvorcks of him, vvhome thei so sclaundred, bearing vvitnesse against them) but are also runne into the same groundes vvhereon Svvenkfilde builded his heresie, their ovvne selues.

Novvell.

I trust that who so euer shall reade that conformitie betwene the papistes and Suenkfeldius, and both their heresies before declared, and specially by the woordes of Pighius, and Hosius him selfe, shall vnderstande that Hosius was not without cause charged with some affi∣nitie to Suenkfeldius his heresie, and with contempt & blaspemie against God and his holy scripture, where∣with Hosius writings doo abounde, and beare witnesse most plenteously thereof: and that therefore it is no shame at all to the author of the apologie, to beare wit∣nesse of the truthe: the whiche apologie yet once again M. Dorman with one woorde, after his manner, con∣futeth, calling it a fardel of lies. But euery woorde that M. Dorman speaketh, is not gospell. Although he haue here in this his booke packed vs vp suche store of lies, that he might more iustly haue intitled it a Lighter la∣den with lyes, than a fardell of lies, yet shall he, and all his fellowes finde it more easie for them, to sende vs o∣uer a Hulke or twayne full fraughted with suche lies, as this and other their bookes swarme withall, than to

answere that litle apologie to any purpose, terme he it neuer so contemptuously. Concerning Hosius, so great an estate of Christendome, I wist not of it before. Sure I am that in Polonia his countrey he is of the meaner sort of bishoppes there: and what should make him so great an estate besides, I know nothing, but his Car∣dinals hatte: which how much so euer M. Dormā este∣meth, yet the truth is, that originally a Cardinall is but a person or vicar of one of the parishe churches in Rome, or there about in the countrey. For after that * 1.1 the Popes had iniuriously, and violētly put the people of Rome from the election of the sayde Popes, beyng but byshoppes of Rome (which election of right apper∣teined to them ioinctly with the cleargie) and had ge∣uen full authoritie to the persons and vicars of the pa∣rishes in Rome, that they alone should elect the Pope: Pope Paschall the first of that name, to adourne these Papall electours with some solemne title, named these single soled clerkes, Cardinalles: and Pope Nicolas the second of that name, confirmed the same: as is in y^e Florentine historie declared. But yet hitherto were these Papall electors footemen, for that they were not * 1.2 as yet hable to paye for their horse meate in Rome, where prouander is deare: & because they had chaunged their name, and not mended their liuinges, they went appareiled as yet, like other commen curates, no better than our Cardinalles in Paules cathedrall church, yea many of them farre wourse. This vncomlinesse pope Innocentius the fourth of that name wysely conside∣ryng, sayth Platina, Statuitvt Cardinales equo in publicum * 1.3 vecti, galero rubrovterentur, honestandi ordinis causa. That is to saye: He made a statute or ordre, that the Cardinalles

should ryde on horsebacke when thei came abroade, and should were a redde hatte, for the honestie of the ordre. Loo sir, a merueilous estate in the Christen world that Hosius hath attained too, to ride on horsebacke (whiche by like, he might not doo before, by vertue of his Varmi∣ense bishoprike in Polonia) and to weare a redde hatte. I thinke the seruyng men of Englande of late yeres, vsyng scarlet cappes, as broade as hattes, and, when they went abroade any thyng farre, ryding also, haue well left that vsage, though not of riding, yet of wea∣ryng redde vpon their heades: els might they haue per∣haps runne in daunger of the Popes curse, by such pre∣sumption, so to ride, and to weare redde, as doo his Car∣dinalles. And lest ye thinke I doo but ieste, Pope Paule the seconde, about an. 100. yeres agoe, as saieth the same Platine, Publico decreto mandauit, proposita poena, ne quispiam bireta coccinea (ita appellant capitis tegmen) praeter Cardinales * 1.4 ferret: quibus etiam primo pontificatus sui anno pannum eiusdem coloris dono d••dit, quo equos, vel mulas sternerent, dum equitant. Voluit praeterea in decretum referre, vt galeri Cardinalium ex se∣rico coccineo fierent, sed id quo minus &c. That is to saye: Pope Paule the seconde, by publique decrée commaun∣ded, and that vpon a payne appoineted, that no man should weare a scarlet birret, cappe, or hatte (so they call the coueryng of the head) sauing onely the Cardi∣nals: to whom also, the firste yere of his Papacie, he gaue clothe of the same colour, to couer their horses, or mules withall, whyles they ryde. Yea and further he woulde haue made a decrée, that the hattes of the Car∣dinalles should be made of silke s••arlet. But that this was not decreed, those letted, which iudgeyng right∣ly, sayde, that the pompe of the churche was to be dimi∣nished,

not to bee encreased with the hurt of Christian religion. Thus farre Platine. Nowe you sée the pa∣rishe priestes of Rome, who from Peters time, vntill Paschalis the first (whiche was about eight hundreth yeres) were not able to paye for their horse bread, mounted nowe vpon Mules, and not only them selues, but their Mules also ouerspredde with scarlet: that they may be worthy chapleines of that purpled strum∣pet, that S. Iohn in his reuelation speaketh of, beyng * 1.5 clothed in redde scarlet, and dronken with redde wyne, and more dronken with the redde bloude of the sainetes of God. This is that great estate, whiche M. Dorman braggeth that Hosius is come to, of a Bishop in his countrey, become a parysh prieste in Rome. For that is the office of a Cardinall in déede: as to this daye the very titles of their Cardinallike dignities doo testifie. Cardinalis tit. Sanctae Priscae, as was this Pope Pius the * 1.6 fourth that nowe is, before his Papacie. And Pope Paulus the thirde, and Pope Paulus the fourthe, were before Cardinales Ostienses, either of Ostia a towne not farre from Rome, or of Ostiensis porta, a gate in Rome, of the parish next to the which gate, they wer by like per∣sons. Pope Marcellus. 2. Cardinalis tit. S. Crucis in Hierusalem, which is a parish church in Rome. Pope Iulius. 3. before Cardinalis Praenestînus, of Praeneste a town neare to Rome. Pope Clemens. 7. Cardinalis tit. S. Laurentij in Damaso, a parish church in Rome. Pope Hadrianus. 6. antè Cardi∣nalis tit. Pāmachij, a parish churche in Rome. Pope Leo. 10. antè Cardinalis S. Mariae in Dominico, a parish churche in Rome. And our twoo countrey men, Cardinall Poole, & Cardinall Wolsey, the one Cardinalis tit. S. Mariae in Cos∣medin, y^e other tit. S. Ceciliae, two parish churches in Rome.

Pope Pius. 3. antè Cardinalis tit. S. Eustachij. Pope Inno∣centius. 8. antè Cardinalis tit. S. Lucinae. Pope Xistus. 4. tit. S. Eudoxiae. Pope Paulus. 2. tit. S. Marci, foure parishe chur∣ches in Rome, with many suche like, extant in Platinae and Onuphrius: but I thought it sufficient to note the Cardinalities, whiche these last popes possessed before their papacie. Finally, Hosius himselfe is Cardinalis tit. S. Laurentij: of a byshoppe in his countrey, by a notable promotion, become curate of S. Laurence parish. I meruell that M. Dorman doth not bragge of the ease, as well as of the honour that Hosius hath gotten by his Cardinals hatte: that he shall not be compelled in his owne proper person to méete great estates on the way, but by the priuilege, and after the manner and custome of the courte of Rome, may sende his moyle with a lackie to méete them, so that his Cardinals hatte hange vpon the pommell of his sadle for honours sake, by the figure Synecdoche, continens pro contento, a Cardinalles hatte for a Cardinalles head: suche is the guise of the courte of Rome, deridyng princes and great estates, yea and all the worlde too. This ease with this honourable hatte hath Hosius atteined: other greate gaine I thinke he hath none. For the greatest pension that the Popes holinesse geueth yearly to his Cardi∣nals, is a 1000. crownes: & that pensiō he geueth to such poore chapleines, as haue not yet two or thrée byshop rikes, or abbacies to finde them Cardinallyke. Neither geueth he it frèely, but they pay swéetly for it to the holy father, who selleth sacra ac prophana omnia: iuxta re∣gulam, Omnia venalia Romae: accordynge to the lore of his first predecessour, whose knowen sentence is, Quid vul∣tis * 1.7 mihi dare? Unlesse Hosius, for his paynes taken in

writing for the defence of the Papacie, now in daunger of vtter ruine, be more lubberally dealth with, than o∣thers hitherto vsually haue béen. Though I haue been longe about this great estate (good reader) yet I thinke it neither vnpleasant, nor vnprofitable to thee to vn∣derstande the origine, progresse, and fine of this greate estate of Cardinalles: who, being originally poore pa∣rish priestes, leauinge their cures, and vsurpinge all worldly dignitie, are become méete chapleines to that false vppermoste vsurper, who beinge in déede the bi∣shoppe of one onely cite, a litle parcell of the vniuersall worlde, chalengeth the supremacie not onely ouer all the churche of Christe, dispersed throughout the world, * 1.8 but also the dominion ouer all the worlde it selfe, and all the kingdomes therein: and therfore hath he made his pelting parish pries;tes, princes péeres, nay, their superiours, that he myght haue Chapleines méete for so great a Lorde as he is. Nowe concerninge Hosius his great learninge, it is not without cause that M. Dorman dooeth so excéedingly auance it. For as M. Dorman hath borowed this his booke of D. Harding, so hath D. Harding borowed all this his and your trea∣tie of the Popes supremacie of Hosius: And Hosius hath borowed it of Pighius Hierarchie, and Pighius hath borowed it of dronken Eckius, the founder of all these mattiers in our dayes. And most true it is, that there is not one reason, nor authoritie almost in all that great volume of Hosius against Brentius, con∣teining fiue seuerall bookes, but that he hath had out of Pighius Hierarchie, and Alphonsus de haeresibus, after whiche sorte any meane man may bee counted learned. This I am hable to prooue as true, as I

haue hithertoo, I trust, prooued you M. Dorman a lier in all you haue hitherto written, and doubt nothing so to procéede with you to thende of your leude lies, laden in this your Lighter of false fables. Wherfore Hosius deserueth the name of the Compilator, rather than the author of that great booke, wrytten against Brentius litle booke, intitled Prolegomena, for that he hath stolen all his authorities, and reasons out of the sayde Pi∣ghius his Hierachie, and Alphonsus de Haeresibus, as all learned reading the sayde bookes shall most easely and plainly perceiue. Yea and in compilyng them together, it is iudged vpon probable coniectures, by the style and poeticall phrases, and verses vnmeete for Hosius age and vocation, that as he hath borowed the mater of his bookes, so hath he had the helpe of other in pen∣ning of the same: and yet may he well call the bookes his owne, as bought with his owne money, and large rewardes bestowed vpon his style wrightes.

Concerninge his great vertue, though I know not his life, yet I iudge it a woorthie mattier for M. Dorman his commendation, and him selfe woorthie of the court of Rome. But I can saye litle herein: onely this can I say, that his neighbours dwelling néerer him, than I * 1.9 dooe, a good sorte of hundreth miles, doo in printed boo∣kes obiect to him, that his Cardinalles hatte, I would say, head, will be nowe and then ouerladen with Polo∣nishe pottes: I knowe not trulie, or otherwise, but as his neighbours doo say.

Notes

• * 1.1

  Histor. Flo∣ren tinae lib. 1. fol. 40. b. & 45 b.
• * 1.2

  Lib. ••••▪
• * 1.3

  Platina in vita Inno∣centij. ••.
• * 1.4

  In vita Pau∣li secundi.
• * 1.5

  Apoc. 17.
• * 1.6

  Platina in vitis Ponti∣ficum, & Onuphri••.
• * 1.7

  Iudas Is∣charioth.
• * 1.8

  Sext. De∣cret. lib. 5. tit. 9. ca. 5. in glossa. & lib. 3. tit. 16. cap. vnico, in glossa.
• * 1.9

  Iacob' A••∣dreae cōtra Hosiū. fol. 155. & mul¦tis locis.