The encounter against M. Parsons, by a revievv of his last sober reckoning, and his exceptions vrged in the treatise of his mitigation. Wherein moreouer is inserted: 1. A confession of some Romanists, both concerning the particular falsifications of principall Romanists, as namely, Bellarmine, Suarez, and others: as also concerning the generall fraude of that curch, in corrupting of authors. 2. A confutation of slaunders, which Bellarmine vrged against Protestants. 3. A performance of the challenge, which Mr. Parsons made, for the examining of sixtie Fathers, cited by Coccius for proofe of Purgatorie ... 4. A censure of a late pamphlet, intituled, The patterne of a Protestant, by one once termed the moderate answerer. 5. An handling of his question of mentall equiuocation (after his boldnesse with the L. Cooke) vpon occasion of the most memorable, and feyned Yorkeshire case of equiuocating; and of his raging against D. Kings sermon. Published by authoritie

SECT. II.

The second Inquiry.

10. COncerning a Syllogisme, for the which M. Parsons a 1.1 hath beene charged with

intollerable arrogance and ignorance;

and now he commeth to reckon for this, but so miserably, that the Reader will pitty his perplexity, both in charging me, and in discharging himselfe. First of the summe of his charge.

Mr. PARSONS his Reckoning, by charging his Aduersary.

P. R. (saith T. M.) called that a Syllogisme which I named in a more ge∣nerall * 1.2 terme a Reason, and not a Syllogisme: now there be many formes of Reasons, besides Syllogismes, neyther did I indeed in∣tend to make an exact and formall Syllogisme, but only such an argu∣ment, which by due inference and deduction might prooue my Con∣clusion good. So he. And is not this a strange euasion in him that professeth such skill in Logike? for that the art of Logike, to my know∣ledge, admitteth but foure kinds of reasoning, to wit, Syllogismes, Enthy∣memes, Inductions, and Examples: but this of Mr. Mortons can be none of the latter three sorts (as himselfe, I suppose, will confesse) Ergo, it must be the first, which is a Syllogisme, and consequently it is a meere shift * 1.3 to say here, when he is taken tripping, that he called it not a Syllogisme but a Reason: — For there are three distinct propositions, and the first is called the Maior.

The Reuiewe.

11. Although there be but foure generall and ordinary heads of arguing, yet ought you to haue remembred that Lo∣gicians doe acknowledge a kinde of Reasoning, which they cal a Prosyllogisme, hauing the premises consisting of superflu∣ous termes, which notwithstanding may serue to make new Inferences, and is neyther right Syllogisme, Enthymeme, Indu∣ction, or Example, albeit all Schollers do hold it to be a toller∣able manner of arguing, and yet admitteth a Maior.

12. As for my confused maner of reasoning, it should ne∣uer haue beene called into question, if that I had eyther inten∣ded to make a perfect Syllogisme, or thought to haue mette with so captious and sriuolous an Aduersarie; who talketh of often Blushing, whereof himselfe may haue a necessary vse in his next Answere following, which he maketh in defence of his owne Syllogisme, wherein he thought to expresse his best skill. I will be but briefe in the examination of his Trifles.

13. Master Parsons vndertooke to make vp a b 1.4

True forme of a Syllogisme, and a good forme of reasoning, according to the rules of Logique:

yet after his great trauell he brought forth such a mishapen creature, as he is ashamed of, as wee shall prooue. But first how will he answere to his absurdities? The summe followeth.

Mr. PARSONS his Reckoning.

IT is sufficient that they (namely the wordes, Competency of God) be * 1.5 necessarily and vertually included and vnderstood by the Hearer. And for the wordes, Expresly or implicatiuely, they were necessarily vnderstood in the Maior proposition.

The Reuiew.

14. You dare not (Mr. Parsons) answere your owne So∣phisters thus, for they would readily replie, saying, Sir, you vn∣dertooke to make a Syllogisme according to the rules of Lo∣gique: 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Aristotle, that Oracle of Reasoning, and all Logici∣ans * 1.6 define Syllogizing to be a forme of arguing, 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, &c. which 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of the partes, which are expresly set downe. So that he that will say, that it is a perfect forme of a Syllogisme, wherein any thing belonging thereunto is but vertually vnderstood, may as well proue that the picture of a mans face, which hath neither eyes nor nose, and say that it wanteth neither eyes nor nose, because any may suppose, that they should be on the face.

15. But the most capitall fault remaineth, which is the changing of the verbe [Maketh] competent Iudges (which is

the Maior proposition) into [Are] competent Iudges, in the con∣clusion. I expected that Mr. Parsons should shape vs some pecce of an answere to this. Obserue (good Reader) what he saith, and thereby thou mayst discerne, what a cunning Reckoner I am matched withall.

Mr. PARSONS his Reckoning for another errour.

LAstly then, his third and finall quarrell against this reformed Syl∣logisme, * 1.7 is proposed by him thus: Thirdly (saith he) there should be but one Minus Extremum, which is, [Sweare by God;] to which he hath adioyned another, to wit, [expresly or implicatiuely, &c.]

The Reuiew.

16. Lastly and thirdly, M. Parsons? then you will perswade your Reader that this (concerning the wordes, Expresly, &c.) was the Last quarrell, as you call it, against your Syllogisme. This is as egregious a fraude, as he could easily haue com∣mitted, for in the Preamble, after that I had noted his Three errours, I added a fourth expresly thus: c 1.8

The fourth (said I) is in the verbe & copula [Maketh] which is altered in the Con∣clusion into [Are;] then the which there cannot be a greater absurdity in Syllogismes.

This was (we see) the deepest charge and the most vgly deformity in his Syllogisme, which I ex∣pressed to the full, and made it palpable by the like example of changing the verbe [Maketh] into [Are] thus: d 1.9

Euerie man, in framing his owne will and Testament [maketh] his owne Executor: but P. R. frameth his last will and Testament, Ergo P. R. [is] his owne executor.

And now Mr. Parsons doth nimbly skippe ouer the fourth and principall part of my challenge. I will not vpon this ad∣uantage prosecute him with his owne tearmes of Witting fraude, cousenage and grosse lying: I am glad to perceiue in this his dessembling, that he hath so much grace as to be ashamed of his ignorance. I tooke vpon me to reforme Mr. Parsons his Syllogisme by one more perfect, which hee would gladly re∣proue. The summe of his answere followeth.

Mr. PARSONS his Reckoning.

IF his owne new Rule may take place, that euery distinct clause must * 1.10 be held for a distinct Terminus, it will not onely haue two, but foure or fiue termini at least, and so will the Reader finde by looking one∣ly vpon it. And I would prosecute the matter more at large, but I see we haue spent too much time about these trifles.

The Reuiew.

17. Is this all the Reckoning which you can make, to call a matter in question, & to put vs off only with Ifs and Ands, * 1.11 viz. If you would prosecute it at large, &c. Heretofore, where∣soeuer you thought there was a cause of some reprehension of a Syllogisme, you could take the paines to reade a Lecture, instructing your Reader in the knowledge of the partes and termes of a Syllogisme, setting before him a scurrill example fraught with ridiculous scofferie: yet now, after you haue bin more then ordinarily prouoked, to proue your Syllogisme legi∣timate, or else to admit of mine for your better instruction, you reserue the disquistion hereofvnto your Reader. I say no more but that you are wise.

18. And so it might haue become you to haue beene, in not reprehending my Reprehension of your subdiuision, which stood e 1.12 thus:

Alying Equiuocation, is that which is knowne to bee such vnto the speaker, and this is to be subdiuided, for it is Either a material lie, which is when the thing spoken is a lie in it selfe, but not so vnderstood of the speaker.Or, A formall lie, when the speaker doth know it to be fals

Here M. Parsons exacteth that I should haue said f 1.13 A materiall lying Equiuocation,A formall lying Equiuocation; and the omission hereof he termeth craft: but hee will finde out his owne folly (I doubt not) after that he hath more so∣berly considered, that these words, Alying Equiuocation, be∣ing * 1.14 subdiuided into these members,

Materiall, Formall; the g 1.15 Genus, viz. [A lying Equiuocation,] doth necessarily inferre the members, and betoken the Ma∣teriall lying Equiuocation, as for Example: Euery man is eyther Sober, or Distempered. Will any say that it is a craftie Diuision, because it was not ex∣pressed thus, Euery man is eyther aSober man, or a Distempered man? I pray you (good Master Parsons) giue mee not such Recko∣nings, which, when they come to be scanned, must make me be indebted vnto you for correcting of your ignorance, euen in Triuiall points and in plaine Dunstable high-way.

The foure next charges.

19. The foure next points, wherein M. h 1.16 Parsons hath beene charged with falshood, as first concerning the allegati∣on of the text of Esay; secondly the testimony of Carerius, a∣bout Verè and Verò; thirdly, the testimony of Dolman, alias Parsons, about the admitting of a King; fourthly, the testimo∣ny of Otto Frisingensis, about Pope Gregory the seuenth, alias Hildebrand, are by him repeated afterwards in their more proper places, whether we also * 1.17 referre them, that we may a∣uoyde superfluous repetitions, and finde and examine all mat∣ters at their owne proper homes.

Notes

• a 1.1

  Preamb pag. 7 &c.
• * 1.2

  Reckon. pag. 22. & 23.
• * 1.3

  Ibid. pag. 24.
• b 1.4

  Mitig. pa. 475.
• * 1.5

  Reckon. pag. 28.
• * 1.6

  Mr. Parsons his pitifull pouer∣ty in Logique.
• * 1.7

  Reckon. pag. 29.
• c 1.8

  Preamb. p. 10. Mr. Parsons his notorious vn∣truth which any English Reader may perceiue.
• d 1.9

  Preamb. ibid.
• * 1.10

  Reckon. pag. 31.
• * 1.11

  M. Parsons free disposition to carp at that he cannot correct
• e 1.12

  Prcam. pa. 11
• f 1.13

  Reckon. p. 37.
• * 1.14

  His irregular taxation.
• g 1.15

  Reckon. p. 35. To equiuocate falsly and for∣mally is the worst kinde of lying Equiuo∣cation. Here lying E∣quiuocation, is the Genus of his Formall, and Mentall.
• h 1.16

  Reckon. pa. 41. &c.
• * 1.17

  See hereaf∣ter, cap. 10.