A booke of the arte and maner, howe to plant and graffe all sortes of trees howe to set stones, and sowe pepines to make wylde trees to graffe on, as also remedies and mediicnes [sic]. VVith diuers other newe practise, by one of the Abbey of Saint Vincent in Fraunce, practised with his owne handes, deuided into seauen chapters, as hereafter more plainely shall appeare, with an addition in the ende of this booke, of certaine Dutch practises, set forth and Englished, by Leonard Mascall.

¶How to plant or set trees at large.

IN this thing ye shall consider, ye must giue a competent space, from one trée to another, when as ye make the holes to set them in, not to nie, nor y^t one trée touch so ano∣ther. For a good trée planted or set well at large, it profiteth oftentimes more of fruite, than thrée or foure trées, set to nighe togithers. The most greatest and largest trées com∣monly are Walnuttes, and Chestnuttes, if ye plant them seuerally in ranke, as they doe commonly grow vpon high waies, beside hedges in fieldes, they must be set .xxxv. foote a sunder, one from another, or there aboutes, but if ye will plant many ranks in one place togithers, ye must set them the space of .xlv. foote, one from another, or thereaboutes, and so farre ye must set your ranks one from another. For the Peare trées and Apple trées, and other sortes of trées which may be set of this largenesse one from y^e other, if ye doe plant onely in rankes by hedges in the fields, or other∣wise, it shal be sufficient of .xx. foote one from another. But if ye wil set two ranks vpon the sides of your great alleyes in gardens, which be of ten or twelue foote broad, it shal be then best to giue them more space, the one from the other in ech ranke, as about .xxv. foote: also ye must not set your trées right one against the other, but entermedling or be∣twéene euery space, as they may best grow at large, that if

néede be, ye may plant of other smaller trées betwéene, but sée that ye set them not to thick. If ye list for to set or plant all your trées of one bignesse, as of yong trées like rods, being Peare trées, or Apple trées, they must be set a good space one from another, as of .xxv. or .xxx. foote in square, as to say, from one ranke to another. For to plant or sette of smaller trées, as Plum trées, & Apple trées, of the like big∣nesse, it shall be sufficient for them .xiiij. or .xv. foote space, in Quarters. But if ye wyll plant or set two rankes in your alleyes in gardens, ye must deuise for to proportion it after the largenesse of your saide alleyes. For to plant or sette eager or sowre Cherry trées, this space shall be suffi∣cient ynough y^e one from the other, that is, of x. or .xij. foote, and therefore if ye make of great or large alleyes in your garden, as of ten foote wide or there abouts, they shal come wel to passe, and shal be sufficient to plant your trées, of .ix. or .x. foote space? and for the other lesser sorts of trées, as of Quince trées, Figge trées, Nut trées and such like, which be not commonly planted, but in one ranke togithers.