The whole course of chirurgerie wherein is briefly set downe the causes, signes, prognostications & curations of all sorts of tumors, wounds, vlcers, fractures, dislocations & all other diseases, vsually practiced by chirurgions, according to the opinion of all our auncient doctours in chirurgerie. Compiled by Peter Lowe Scotchman, Arellian, Doctor in the Facultie of Chirurgerie in Paris, and chirurgian ordinarie to the most victorious and christian King of Fraunce and Nauarre. Whereunto is annexed the presages of diuine Hippocrates.

THE FIFT TREATISE of Tumors in particular. (Book 5)

HAuing discoursed in the former Treatise of the causes, signes and cure of Tumors most generall, nowe in like mā∣ner we shal intreat of the Particular, which happen in the most partes of our bodie, beginning at the head, which is the seat of reason, memorie & vnderstanding, & is subiect to many sorts of tumors, whereof we will shew at length in this Treatise, but specially of those, which oftnest do happen, beginning first with Hydrocephalie & Physocephalie, which occupieth the whole head, thereafter, with those Tumors, which occupie certaine partes thereof, as the eyes, eares, mouth, nose and cheekes, and so descend to other partes of the bodie in like māner, to the feet & extremities of the hands, as ye shall heare: which contay∣neth thirtie eight Chapters.

• Chapter 1 Of Hydrocephalie and Physocephalie.
• Chapter 2 Of the Tumor called Nodus, or Ganglion.
• Chapter 3 Of the Tumor in the eye, called Lippitudo.
• Chapter 4 Of the tumor in the eares.
• Chapter 5 Of the Tumor called Parotidis.
• Chapter 6 Of Tumors in the nose called Ozena, Sac••oma, Polypus.
• Chapter 7 Of the Tumor in the mouth called Vula or Columella.
• Chapter 8 Of the Tumors in the amigdalles called Tonsillae.
• Chapter 9 Of the Tumor called Angina, or Strangulatio.
• Chapter 10 Of the Tumors in the teeth, called Epulides.
• Chapter 11 Of the Tumor vnder the toungue, called Batrachos.
• Chapter 12 Of the tumors in the necke, called Struma.
• Chapter 13 Of the Tumor in the throat, called Bruncoseli.
• ...

• Chapter 14 Of the tumor called Ane••••risma.
• Chapter 15 Of the tumor in the Pappes.
• Chapter 16 Of Pluresie
• Chapter 17 Of the tumor in thae Nauell called axunfalon.
• Chapter 18 Of the tumor in the bellie called Hydropsie.
• Chapter 19 Of the tumor in the fūdamēt called cōdiloma
• Chapter 20 Of the swelling of the veines in fundamēt cal∣led Hemorrhoides.
• Chapter 21 Of the tumor in the intestinie, called Exitus Longanonis.
• Chapter 22 Of the tumor in the Coddes.
• Chapter 23 Of Hernes in generall.
• Chapter 24 Of the tumor inguinall called bubono••••el••.
• Chapter 25 Of the herne called ••nterocele.
• Chapter 36 Of the herne called Epipocele or Zeirbale.
• Chapter 27 Of the herne called Hydrocele.
• Chapter 28 Of the herne called Ventosa.
• Chapter 29 Of the herne called Sarcoceli.
• Chapter 30 Of the herne varicus called Cirsocele.
• Chapter 31 Of the herne Humerall.
• Chapter 32 Of the tumor in the Flancke called bubone¦cele.
• Chapter 33 Of the tumor in the knees.
• Chapter 34 Of the tumor in the legges called varicus.
• Chapter 35 Of the tumor in the legges called dra••••culus.
• Chapter 36 Of the tumor tn the legges or handes called Elephansiasis particularis.
• Chapter 37 Of the tumor in the fingers called panaris or paren••chia.
• Chapter 38 Of the tumor or hardues in the toes, called Cornes.

The first Chapter, of Hydrocephalie and physocephalie.

HYdrocephalie is a waterie humor, which occupyeth the whole head and Physo∣cephalie is a windie humor,* 1.1 which doth the like, these tumors are contained ey∣thet betweene the pericrane and skin, or betwixt the muscles,* 1.2 or betwixt the pe∣ricran and crane, or betwixt the crane & mēbranes,* 1.3 which couer the braines, called dura mater & pia mater, but the tumor in this case is not great. The cause is eyther inter∣nall, or externall, the internall commeth from the matrix, and of the Mothers milke, which is too waterie,* 1.4 and such like foode as breede waterie humors. The externall cause commeth of cold, presently after the birth it hapeneth al∣so, through vnskilfulnes of Midwife, as I haue sometimes seene, which draweth & presseth the childs head so much at the deliuerie, that the veines and arters breake,* 1.5* 1.6 not be∣ing as yet strong, so the blood sheddeth through the rest of the head, and degendreth into water. The signes are great tumor with deformitie of the head,* 1.7 the eies & face swelled, as doth appeare in the Hydropicks.* 1.8 The iudge∣mentes are these. such as are within the crane, are incura∣ble, those that are betwixt the crane and pericrane, or be∣twixt the pericrane and muscles may be cured. As for the curation of the curable they are healed partly by diet,* 1.9 and by vsing of things drying and abstayning from things hu∣mide, also by externall remedies applied to the part, that drie with some astriction and comfort the head, which shalbe done by liniments, fomentations, vnguentes made of calamint, origan, betonie, camomill, me••••ot, anthos, red roses, also ye may make lessiues of the vine ashes, also shaue the head and applie this emplaster following. Rec, olibani vnc. 1. sarcacoll•• drag. 1. gummi arabici, seminis ra∣phani

& anethian, 1. vnc. di. ole de spica parum, cerae quan∣tum sufficit, fiat emplastrum. If the humor be in great a∣bundance, or that the crane or membraines are offen∣ded, we must vse incision and perforation of the crane, thē eauc••ate the humor & heale the woūd as in others. There is yet a kinde of this called Macrocephalie, which is a su∣pernaturall greatnes of the Pan and flesh, & not properly tumor and receiueth no curatiō, but is si••ldome seene: one of this sort I saw in Paris of the quātity of a pot of 3. quarts

The second Chapter, of the tumors called Nodus or Ganglion which commeth in the head.

* 1.10THese tumors are sometime hard, otherwhiles soft al∣wayes round which chanceth for the most part in the dry neruous parts, but chiefly on the head, and ioyntes, on the hands & feete. The causes are strokes and wearines of the ioynts & such other as ye haue heard in A••••••roma,* 1.11 as also the signes.* 1.12 The cure first consisteth in good diet, es∣chewing al meates which ingender grosse humors, eate of things of good digestion,* 1.13 abstaine from drinking of water, purge & bleede▪* 1.14 haunt no humide place: as for the p••rticu∣lar remedies we must vnderstand that this humor is some∣time inclosed in the membraine, & in that procede as in A••••••••oma, sometime it is not inclosed▪ and thē we may ap∣plye a cake of leade rubbed with quicksiluer, or an empla∣ster resolutine made of galbanum,* 1.15 ammoniac oyle of lillies and bayes, brimstone & virioll roman calcined. Sometimes it is with corruption of the bone, in that case, the humor must be euacuated, and the exfoliatiō of bone procured, as ye shal heare in the chapter of vlcers with corruptiō of the bone.* 1.16 For diuers other diseases of the head, haue your re∣course to heurnius demorbis capitis.

The third Chapter, of the tumor in the eye called Lippitu∣do and Opthalmia in Greeke.

OPthalmia is an inflamatiō of the whole eye,* 1.17 but chiefly of the membraine called coniunctiue with great rednes & dolor. The cause is either externall, or internall,* 1.18 the ex∣ternall, as strokes, heate, dust, winde, great cold, rubbing, or some moate in the eye:* 1.19 the internall ••ause is defluxion of the humors, being nere to the braines, as also the veins ex∣terne & interne of the head, wherof procedeth fluxiō, also the sanguine humor, chollerick or phlegmatick, which as∣cēdeth to the head. The signs are manifest,* 1.20 like as great in∣flamatiō, rednes, heat of the eies & tēples, dolor,* 1.21 repletiō of the veins, hardnes, this sicknes hath 4. degrees, like as other tumors & hapneth oftē to yōg childrē, & others who haue weake eies, which is the cause, that they are subiect to the fluxiō of humors. The iudgmēts are, the matter of this is som∣time hot, otherwhiles cold,* 1.22 and those which happē in winter are the worse, thē those which happē in Sōmer, if they be neglected & euill handled, there follow euill accidēts, as spots, rupture of the cornea and diuers others. If the dolor be vehement, it is dāgerous, for corruptiō & corrosion of the cornea.* 1.23 As for the curatiō, there are 3. things to be obserued, the first is good diet, eate litle chiefly at night,* 1.24 abstaine frō al vapo∣rous things & al euil digestiō, fishes, fruits, spices, salt & hu∣mide things, abide neither in great darknes, nor too much light, for great light dissipeth the spirit, & sometime cau∣seth blindnes, as we read of the soldiors of Xenophanes, who through going long in the snow, became almost al blind.* 1.25 Also Dioni••••••s tirāt of Sicil made blind his prisōers after this sort, first he imprisōed thē long in a very dark place, thē he brought them suddēly into a great light, & so made thē all blind. All colors are not expediēt for the sight, the white dis∣sipeth the spirits & draweth them to it, the black maketh them too dul, & there is n•• color that cōforteth the sight, but grene, blew, & violet, which nature sheweth vs in the compositiō of the eye, for the tunic v••e a sheweth the greene & blewe of the part, that looketh to the humor custalline. Endeuor to be lax∣atiue, walke not too much, beware of al perturb••ons of the spirit,

from smoake and dust and blowing of Alchymie, for both it hurteth the eye and consumeth the substance, & maketh men miserable both in bodie and goods, hold vp thy head, and abstayne from wine and women and such like, as yee may perceiue by these verses of the learned Gordoniu.

Haec occulis multum, sol, puluis, fumus et aestus▪ Ʋentus cum fletu, vina Venus{que} nocent. Acria ne mandas, nec quae sunt plena vaporum. Nec caepas, lentes, allia, po••ra, fabas.

The second intention consisteth in euacuating & diuer∣ting the humor by pilles, clisters, bleeding of the veine Ce∣phalicke, ventouseing on the shoulders, frictions on the thighes, legges and extremities, also by opening the veine and arters of the temples. The third intention is in the to∣picall remedies,* 1.26 as collyrs of diuers sorts, according to the di∣uorsitie of the degree and time of the apostume, as in the be∣ginning of the inflamation, take plantaine and rose water, of each halfe an ounce, two whites of egges, and a little fennell water, womens milke, the mu••ilages of hipsileon with a little trochistes of rasis sine opio, a litilt caiphure put of thiis in the eye, and at night make a cataplasme of an apple rosted, and lay on the eye: or this remedie, which I haue often prooued not one∣ly in the opthalmie, but diuers other maladies of the eyes. Take two ounces of white wine, as much rose water, and euphrage, halfe a crownes waight of Tutie prepared, as much of aloes, 3. or 4. leaues of Massi, put all in a violl and stoppe it close, set it three weckes in the sunne: instill thereof in the eyes. In the meane time vse emplaisters on the temples of mastick, de bolo et contra rupturam and such like, to stay the fluxion. For the great dolor, vse the roasted apple with a little womens milk or a little plantaine water, put betweene two clothes, likewise for the vehement dolor, the bloud of a pigeon or henne vnder the winges instilled is verie good, there are diuers other remedies, whereof we shall intreat more at length in the poore mans guide

like as also of Egilops, and Enchilops, with diuers other ma∣ladi-s of the eyes.

The fourth Chapter, of the tumors in the eares.

THere come many grieuous diseases in the eares, some∣time outwardly, and sometime inwardly,* 1.27 occupying sometime the whole eare, sometime a part thereof. The cause is,* 1.28 an hotte humor and biting descending from the nerues of the fift coniugation with the dura mater disper∣sed in the conduite of the eare: sometime a vaporous spi∣rite & cold thicke humor, which maketh difficultie of hea∣ring, and sometime deafenes. The Signes are manifest.* 1.29 The iudgementes,* 1.30 young people are more grieuously tor∣mented then olde, and die often, afore it come to suppura∣tion, and that within 7. dayes, by reason of the great acci∣dents, as feuer, lightnesse, sounding. In old folkes it com∣meth oft to suppuration, yet the dolor is verie vehement, by reason of the nerue of the fift coniugation, also for the membranes and propinquitie of the braines, nature hath giuen it an exquisite feeling.* 1.31 The cure consisteth in reme∣dies vniuersall and particular, vniuersall, as good dyet, ab∣stayning from wine and all strong drinke and fumie,* 1.32 blee∣ding of the veine Cephalicke, and vsing of clysters, or some gentle medicines according to the humor, as ye haue heard in Opthalmi. As for particular remedies, they differ not much from others, except that we vse no repercussiues, abstayne from all cold remedies, by reason of the nerue which is deepe and hollowe. If the dolor bee vehement with heate, vse oyle of roses, mirtles and cidoniorum with a little vineger, mixe all together, and drop a little in the eare: cattes water distilled is good as saith Quersitanus. If it tend to suppuration, handle it as other apostumes.

The fifth Chapter, of the Tumor that commeth behinde the eares, called Parotides.

NAture hath placed by the rootes of the eares, cer∣taine little glands, to the ende they may receiue the vennemous matter deposed by the braines.* 1.33 Parotides is an in••••amation or apostume of the glands behind the eares.* 1.34 The cause is,* 1.35 the humor which easily descendeth from the head,* 1.36 partly because nature hath ordeined them for recep∣tacles, as ye haue heard, and by reason they are soft, colde, and the passages large, that bring the humor. Sometime the cause commeth of the whole bodie, like as in crise of feuer,* 1.37 it may come of any one of the foure humors, or all mixed together, which may easily be knowne by the ac∣cidents. The signes are, tumor, dolor, vehement feuer, pul∣sation,* 1.38 with such other, as yee haue heard in tumors. The Iudgementes are,* 1.39 that those by crisis, without signe of ma∣turation are euill, and if it goe to the internall partes, it is for the most part mortall, as saith Auicen. The Cure ge∣nerall is to vse clisters,* 1.40 bleeding in the veine Cephalicke, vsing good dyet, eating thinges of light digestion, not va∣porous, abstayning from strong drinke: the particular re∣medies differ not from the cure of other apostumes, except that we vse no repercussiues, but onely maturatiues, at∣tractiues,* 1.41 and anodiues, and some digerents in the begin∣ning, like as oyle of lillies, Iris, camomill, bitter almondes, with sheepes wooll, or a cataplasme of digerent hearbes. It is best not to abide the perfect suppuration, but so soone as may be,* 1.42 to cause it open, for by that meanes, the vene∣mous vapor doth dissippe, the dolor ceaseth, and nature doth more easily discharge. It may bee opened by canter, or lancet, but beware of the nerue, veine and arters, for the great accidentes that happen.* 1.43 Being openeed, it must be cured by suppuratiues, mundificatiues, incarnatiues, and desiccatiues, as ye haue heard in others.

The sixt Chapter, of the Tumors in the nose, called Sarcoma, Ozena and Polypus.

THe nose is a part of the bodie, by the which the braines doth discharge the excrements, in the which do chaūce three kindes of maladies, yet not much different,* 1.44 the first is called Sarcoma, which is an excrescence of fleshe against nature, the second is called Ozena,, which is most dange∣rous & ill sauoured, the third is called Polypus, which diffe∣reth not frō Sarcoma, sauing that it is not so great.* 1.45 Polypus is a tumor, which proceedeth of the bone ethomides, and sticketh fast to it. The cause is rotten humor thicke and viscous, which commeth from the head.* 1.46 The signes are manifest to the sight, and by the narration of the sicke. The Iudgementes are these, that which is hard and blacke,* 1.47 must not be touched, that which is soft may bee healed,* 1.48 if the excrescence be white, and soft without dolor,* 1.49 it is easie to heale, if it be redde and browne, with dolor, it is very difficill: if it occupie both sides of the nose, either the sicke sleepeth with open mouth, or else he suffoketh. The cure is most diff••cill, as I haue oft seene, and better it were, to vse remedies palliatiues, then to aduenture any perfect cure,* 1.50 yet the cure in so much as may be, is by vniuersall remedies, as purging and bleeding, and in good dyet.* 1.51 Fuch••ns coun∣selleth to rubbe the head with such things as haue vertue to corroborate & drie the braines. The particular remedies shall be according to the Tumor, which is sometime hard, otherwhiles soft, the soft must be taken away with instru∣ment, or canter, or some causticke pouder,* 1.52 as pouder vitri∣oll, mercurie, arsenit, allom▪ spuma aeris, atramentum suto∣rium: ye may mixe any of these pouders with some vnguēt anodine or honey, vse de••ensiues for the inflamation, vn∣guent pompholigs with a little balaust is good. Also this water: Rec. bolaustiorum, corticis, malorum granatorum, an. lib. 1. gelangae, caudae equinae, linguae passerinae, et her••iariae an. manip. di. radic▪ bis tortae 4. vnc. sumitatū piri siluest. manip. di.

contundantur & simul distilleutur & fia••••aqua, de qua fre∣quenter abluat nares, adde to it a little Allum. If eyther this or the other, which is harde, degender into an vlcer can∣crous, touch it not, but vse such remedies, as ye shal heare in the vlcer Cancrons.

The seauenth Chapter, of the tumor in the mouth called Vunla, or Columella.

THe mouth as sayth Gordon is the instrument of voice in beastes, and speaking in men, in the which happen diuers grieuous and dangerous passions, but we wil intreat of those, which are moste daungerous, beginning with Vunla,* 1.53 which is called in our tongue the pap of the mouth. Nature being prouident that nothing should offend, hath placed in the roufe of the mouth this little peece of fleshe for diuers reasons, first that we may pronounce and s••eake clearer, for which cause it is called plectrum vocis, also that the aire enter not in the trachearter,* 1.54 till the force and im∣petuositie of the cold be corrected, for we see in those who wāt it, haue both deformity of speach & refrigiratiō on the lightes.* 1.55 Ʋunla is an inflamation or aposthume either in forme long, and is called Columella, that is like a piller, or like vnto the vine berrie called Ʋua.* 1.56 The cause is eyther interne or externe, the interne are hot humors, which come from the head, and cause an inflamation, also ascē∣ding from the stomacke, as happeneth in rotten feuers, in like manner of abundance of blood. The cause externe is cold,* 1.57 Cough, excessiue eating and drinking at vnacosto∣med howers, chiefly at night. The signes are manifest to the sight, chiefly in pressing downe the tongue, accompa∣nyed with dolor and feuer, & paine to swallow any thing, the sick thinketh, that he hath alwayes something in his mouth. The iudgmentes are, that sometime, it falleth so much,* 1.58 that it filleth vp the whole throate, so the sick suffo∣foketh,

in case it be not quickely cutte, if it be cutte alto∣gether, the patient waxeth dumbe, or at least, speaketh so, as he may not be vnderstoode,* 1.59 and his drinke doth auoyde by the nose, which accidents I did see in a Chanon of S. Honorie in Paris who was my patient. The Cure consi∣steth, first in the forme of dyet, tending to colde and drie,* 1.60 vsing meates of light digestion, drinking no strong not fu∣mie drinke, often vsing of clisters, and bleeding in both the armes, if ye perceiue plenitude, ventouses on the shoulders, and opening the head, with sca••rifications,* 1.61 frictions on the necke, opening of the veines vnder the toungue. The particular remedies shall onely be, plantaine, rose or com∣mon water, with a little vineger, & wash thy mouth there∣with, holding it a while therein: Or this, take barley, plan∣taine, shepheardes purse, the barke of the pomegarnet, of each one a little, and seethe them in water, putting there∣to after it be strayned, a little syrrop of violettes or roses, and vse it as the former. Or this pouder, made of Allum, balaust, terra sigillata, roses, redde sugar,* 1.62 mixed all toge∣ther, and put in a little instrument meete for that purpose, to apply it to the sore: the like may bee done with a little pepper and salte brayed together, as also water of allom. If by none of these the greatnesse doth diminish, it must either be cutte with sheeres, or burned with can••er actuall,* 1.63 or consumed with causticke medicaments, like as oyle of v••trioll, strong water, pouder of coters. The best remedie which I haue found in this disease is cutting of it with the sheeres, thereafter wash the mouth with oxicrate, or some astringent water, or redde wine mixed with allom water. Sometime it tendeth to suppuration, which if it happen, cure it with gargarismes, and such other remedies expedi∣ent for vlcers in these partes: if all this fayleth, haue re∣course to the poore mans guide.

The eight Chapter, of the Tumor of the of the Amigdalles, called by the Greekes Paris••himia, & by Latines Tonsilla.

AT the roote of the tongue, Nature hath placed two little glandes, like vnto almondes, for which cause they are called Amigdalles,* 1.64 & are there placed for diuers reasons, but chiefely for receyuing the humiditie of the braines, which if it fell onely on the toungue, would trou∣ble the speech, and also that the toungue should be moist∣ned with some humiditie, otherwise it should become drie in speaking. The Cause is, great aboundance of viscous humiditie,* 1.65 mordicant, which commeth from the head, drinking of strong and fumie drinke, walking morning and euening when the dewe is fallen,* 1.66 also great aboundance of bloud, and sometime in children through the bitternesse of the milke.* 1.67 The signes are euident to the sight, chiefely in pressing downe the tongue.* 1.68 The Iudgementes are do∣lor, feuer, accompanied with such inflamation, which cau∣seth the sicke to suffocke.* 1.69 The Cure consisteth in good dyet, eate little and of light digestion, abstayne from all strong drinke, as in other inflamations, vse clisters & blee∣ding in the arme as also the veines vnder the tongue, vse ventouses▪ and frictions on the necke, gargarismes, refri∣geratiues, and desiccatiues. If it apostume, as often hap∣peneth, it must be opened with a lancet, if the Tumor doth so augment, that the sicke is in danger to suffocke, thē thou shalt make incision on the trachearter, betwixt the thirde and fourth ring, cutting onely the membrane that holdeth them together, and not the proper substance of the carti∣lage, so the ayre shall auoid, put in a tente of siluer, that is hollow, into it, till the inflamation be past, thereafter close vp the wound,* 1.70 This was practised by Andrew Scot one of the King of Scotlands Chirurgions in Paris most cūningly▪ To doe this operation, thou shalt holde backeward the pa∣tients head, lift vp the skinne with the hand, and cutte it in length, so the membrane shall bee discouered, then make your incision, with a Bistorie in the said place: during which time, vse externally, medicamets about the necke, that are

made of barley flower, lint seede, and fenegrec, with such like, as shall be found most expedient, according to the de∣gree of the maladie. It is good to vse this remedie, which hath vertue to close the soft partes, & drie vp the pituitous humor, which is fallen on the part, and hath the vertue to soften the glands interne, as also to loose, and is thus made. Rec. nidi hirundinis 3. vnc. pulueris nucum cupressi. 1. vnc. rosarum 1. vnc. se. accipiantur cum oximelite, fiat cataplasma.* 1.71 This operation of incision, is very dangerous, if it bee not well made, by reason of the fluxe of bloud, which often doth happen, as also for the nerues, which passe that way. I cured an apothecarie in Paris after this method, and he healed, sometime it degenereth into Schirre, and then it must not be touched, but by remedies palliatiues.

The ninth Chapter, of the Tumor in the throat, called by the Greeks Schinanch, & by Latines Angina or Strangulatio,

ANgina is an apostume or inflamation of the interior muscles of the throat, whereof there are foure kindes,* 1.72 * 1.73 the first is great inflamation in the throat, the second is a humor contayned behinde the Amigdalles,* 1.74 which hinde∣reth swallowing, & sometime suffocketh, the third is great tumor and inflamation toward the chinne,* 1.75 both externally and internally, the fourth kind is, when the vertebres of the necke goe out of their place, whereupon the tongue reti∣reth frō the proper scituation, with difficultie of breathing: The cause is either great cold ayre, vsage of colde drinke, also it proceedeth of multitude of humors not of all the body, but of the head▪ and partes neere to it.* 1.76 The Signes are difficultie of breathing, feuer, dolor in the throat.* 1.77 * 1.78 The Iudgements are these, if it come sodainly through a feuer, without any apparance outwardly in the neck, it is mortal.* 1.79 The Cure consisteth in remedies vniuersall and particular,* 1.80 the generall shall bee in ordering good fourme of life, in the sixe vnnaturall things, eate little, drinke ptisan, sleepe little, vse clisters, and some light purgations, bleede in

the veines cephalicks in both the armes, also in the veines vnder the tongue.* 1.81 The particuler remedies are to vse fric∣tions, ventou••es with scarifications on the shoulders, ap∣plication, of hot bread to diuertise the humor with this li∣ment on the neck, vnguent refrigeratine, oyle of camo∣mill, Lillies and violets, with a little hennes greace, ther∣after apply sheepes woll on it, as it cōmeth frō the sheepe, in the meane time gargarize the mouth with plantiue wa∣ter, vineger, or whay or with this that followeth, take bar∣ley, plantine, pimpernell, chereuill and seeth altogether, after the ••bullition, put to it a little Diamoron or honey, of Roses. Diuers other remedies are set downe by Paulus & Mesues.* 1.82 Or this Re. aquae solani, plantaginis caprifolij, an. lib. se. aceti vnc se. diamoron vnc. 3. fiat gargarisma. If it turn to suppuration vse this gargarisme, take the rootes of mal∣lowes, and althea, sorrell, and lyn-seede, of euerye one a little, boyle it in Cowes milke, putting thereto a little of the musilages of Psilion, which thou shalt hold a certaine space in the mouth, the matter being become to maturi∣tie, open it with a lancet, thereafter this cleansing garga∣risme composed of decoction of barley honey and sirupe of roses, being cleansed, ad to the said decoctiō a litle allum, balanse and mirrhe & sicatrize the wound. All this time kepe good diet and abstaine frō womē, beware the mat∣ter take not the course to the lyghtes which is most dan∣gerous. If any bone, or pycke bee in the throate, ye shall vse the remedie set down in the poore mans guide, which is most excellent and easie to be had.

The tenth Chpter, of the tumor which commeth at the roote of the teeth called Epulides.

* 1.83EPulides is a tumor or excrescence of flesh, which com∣meth at the rootes of the teeth or betweene them in great quantitie, chiefly about the teeth called mol••res it augmenteth by little and little.* 1.84 The cause is a sharpe,

biting▪ humor which commeth from the head & stomacke, as chaunceth in putride feuers, by the euill vapors which ascendeth, and corrodeth the gummes, it happeneth also after vlcers in the mouth, chiefly to those, who haue beene ill cured of the Neopolitane sickenesse. The Signes are manifest to the sight & touch, as saith Auicen.* 1.85 The Iudg∣mentes are, that sometime it is as great as an egge,* 1.86 some∣time it groweth to both the iawes, in such sorte, that the mouth cannot open.* 1.87 * 1.88 The topical remedies consist in vsage of thinges discutient, as decoction seminis lini & such like,* 1.89 sometime it suppureth, and then cure it, as in others ye haue heard. Sometime it neither suppureth nor discusseth, and then yee shall proceede as I did in Paris to a Gentlemans boy, who had his mouth so growen together on both sides, that nothing almost could enter therein, and it was in this wise. First, I made incision, and cutte the most part of the excrescence, so consumed the rest with causticke powders, and produced the cicatrice, and he healed. To others, I haue knitte the excrescence with a threede, the which I finde more sure, and not to be feared, neither for fluxe of bloud nor inflammation, that which remained after the threede was fallen, I consumed it with pouder of mercurie, allom, vitrioll, aqua fortis and such like. Sometime this Tumor is hard and schirrous for the which ye must vse pal∣liatiues, as in the Chapter of Schirre. As for the maladies of the teeth, the way to correct and helpe their deformitie, to drawe the corrupted, and put artificiall in their place, ye shall heare at length in the Treatise of the poore mans guide.

The eleuenth Chapter, of the Tumor which happeneth vnder the tongue, called Batrachos or Rannuculus.

RAnnuculus is a tumor of the veines vnder the tongue, and is sometime of such greatnesse,* 1.90 that yee would thinke it another tongue,* 1.91 * 1.92 this happeneth of•• to children

and old folk,* 1.93 so that the voice is intercepted. The cause is a slyme pituitous humor which disc••••deth from the head: and when the tumor is excrescence of flesh,* 1.94 the cause is as of other excresc••nces. It is cōmonly wrapped in a chest or little membraine like as At••••••••ma. The sig••es are euident and it is in coulor like a frogge called R••na,* 1.95 wherof it ta∣keth the name, with gret tumor in the veins of the tongue, which suffoketh the sick. In opening of it the sick somtime becommeth madde as I did once see: Iaques Guilmio Chi∣rurgian reporteth to haue seene it foure times.* 1.96 As for the cure, that which happeneth in childrē is healed with gar∣garismes, resoluentis and iucisiues, in old folke the veines vnder the tongue, must be opened. If the ranuill be great it must bee cut & drawen away,* 1.97 the superfluitie, which re∣maineth shalbe dried with sall ammoniac, flos aeris & such like. Sometime we cut it with a bistorie, and apply ca••••er•• actuals. As for the litle pustulles which come in the mouth that the Latins cal Aphthae, as also diuers others, yee shall heare at length in my Treatise of the deliuerie of women, where I intreate of those diseases which commonly hap∣pen to yong children.

The twelth Chapter, of the tumor in the neck called by the Latins Stuma or Scrofulae.

* 1.98STruma is an inflamation of bloud and pituite in the soft and glandulous partes as vnder the chyn and oxters on the papps, and b••tweene the thigh and the body, and may happen in any part of the body.* 1.99 The matter that is in∣gendred of, is a rotten thick matter, & congealed blood like glandes. The cause, are falles, & strokes, or humor pi∣tuitous mixed with melancholie, also drinking of euil wa∣ters, where through many were infected at the siege of Pa¦ris also the retentio of the excremēts of the braines,* 1.100 which should auoide by the muoth,* 1.101 nose, eares & eies. This di∣sease happeneth oftenest to yong children both for the ra∣riti•• of the skin, and gulosite, for the which some cal them Scrofulae, by the simtlitude of a greedie beast, called Scro∣fa.

The signes are apparent to the sight in the parts where they are, sometime few in number, sometime many,* 1.102 and are couered membranes, like At••••••oma & Steotoma.* 1.103 The Iudgements are, that those which are superficiall, mobill, and not many in number, may resolue, vnmoueable,* 1.104 hard & maling, doe not resolue, or hardly receiueth any curation, those that are great, and neare the tracharter, are difficill in opening, by reason of the nerues recurrent which being cut, the sick waxeth dum, they are also difficill,* 1.105 when they are accōpanied with veines for feare of flux of blood. The cure cōsisteth in remedies vniuersals & p••rticuler as in good regiment, eate litle and of light digestion,* 1.106 abstaine frō such things as ingender grosse humors, purge oft, blede in both thy armes, ha••nt no humide places, the drink shalbe com∣posed after this forme, take Scrofularia 3. parts,* 1.107 Scolupen∣dula 2. parts, Pilosella and Brassica of ech a litle, the toots of Reddish and Aristolochia a little, seeth them al in white wine with a little honey, till the halfe be consumed, of this ye shall vse 3. ounces in the morning euery 2. daies once. I haue vsed to diuers with good seccesse a decoction laxa∣tiue the space of 15. or 20. dais, also my confectiō set down in the poore mans guide. The p••rticuler remedies are to rubbe the part with a little salt butter, fryed in a pan with a litle vineger till it grow black, some vse the emplaster de vigo, with mercurie, also the cataplasme, set downe in the Chapter of Paristhimia. If it tend to suppuration, vse this, take the leaues and roots of mallowes,* 1.108 lillies of ech 2. oun∣ces, leaues of camomill one hādful, make a decoctiō, to the which adde the flower of beanes, lyn-seed and ••enigreck, an. 3. ounces, swines greace that is flesh a pond, & make cataplasme, putting to it a litle oyle of ••rin and lil∣lies, this ••ath the verru both to digest & ••ype. Whē it is o∣pened cure it, as ye haue heard in others. Sometimes chil∣dren hauing scabs in the head, & the brains humide, & by wrong lying, & taking cold in the night, haue the glandes tumified, for remedy wherof, apply oile of camomill anis∣sedes, & swete almōds, with a litle hennes greace & butter If the tumor be hot, add to it, oile of roses, & violetts, it is good also to rubbe it, with fasting spittle, till it growe

hotte. I haue heard of sundrie that haue beene cured perfectly by George Boswell a very learned Chirurgion of S. Iohns towne in Scotland, who is most skilfull in our Arte.

The thirteenth Chapter, of the tumor in the necke, called Bruncoceli or Hernia gutturis.

THis Tumor, which the Greekes call Broncon, is rounde, great,* 1.109 ingendred of the humor Phlegmaticke, betwix the trachearter and the skinne,* 1.110 sometime occupying the most parte of the necke: of the which there are diuers kindes, according to the matter contained therein, sometime like at••••r••ma, o∣ther whiles like a••enfrisma.* 1.111 The cause is not different from those, that it is like vnto, yet some are external, some internal: as coldayre, drinking of euill water, as those who dwell in Pie∣mont, who are much subiect, because the most parte of their drinke is melted snowe: also the retention of the purgations in women, and great aboundance of the humor melancholicke. The Signes are most euident to the sight: The Iudgementes are,* 1.112 that those that come by nature, are incureable, and those which are like a••e••frisma must not be touched,* 1.113 * 1.114 those that are verie great, aocompanied with veines, are very dangerous, & in no wise to be touched, those that are tractable, must be ope∣ned by canter, or lancet, eschewing alwayes the veines. The cure is like vnto at••••r••ma,* 1.115 in the beginning it is good to apply a cake of leade rubbed with quicke siluer, or the emplaister de vigo with mercurie, and rubbing it with thy hand, till it grow redde, and vse things to prouoke spitting, for the which it shall be expedient, to vse fiue or sixe graines of the arabicke pouder, in the meane time vse good dyet, and thinges to cause loosenes of the bellie: bleede in both armes if the maladie requireth. Ye shall heare of this at more length in the Treatise of childe∣birth, by reason sometime it happeneth in time of trauailing.

The fourtenth Chapter, of the tumor cal∣led Ane••••risma.

ANe••••isme is an tumor sofr to the touch the which is ingendred of bloode and spirrit vnder the skin and muscles, which happeneth in diuers partes of the bodye,* 1.116 chiefly in the neck, for which cause we speake of it in this place. The cause is eyther dilatation, incision, or ruption of the arter,* 1.117 which often chaunceh to women in the time of their birth, to water men and others who vse violent la∣bour through crying, or greate violence,* 1.118 which di∣lateth the arter. The signes are, this tumor in pressing on it with thy finger, thou shalt feele great pulsasion,* 1.119 and the tumor of the same coulor, as the rest of the skin, it is soft in touch, and yeildeth to the finger, by reason the spirrit re∣tireth into the arter, and hauing taken away the finger▪ it doth returne presently and in returning making a noyse, by reason of the blood and spirit, which returneth at a litle incision, this happeneth when the Ane••frisme is done by An••stomis, that is being opened and cut.* 1.120 When the ar∣ier is riuen, as happeneth in women, and those of great ex∣ercise, there issueth foorth more abundance of blood, thā spirrit, and is more harde, than the other, and maketh lesse noyse in retiring. Those which are superficiall in the exterior partes, as the head, legges, and armes, may bee knit, and are cureable,* 1.121 those which are profunde and in∣terior, as in the brest, as of happenth to those, who sweate excessiuely of the Venerian sicknes, also those in the neck, vnder the armes and flanckes, and where there is great di∣latation of great arters are not cureable, but death ensueth in few dayes.* 1.122 If the tumor be opened the patient dieth pre∣sentlye: this happeneth oftentimes by the vnskilfulnes of the Barbors and Apothecaries, that meddle therewith, & and ruine a number of people through their ignorance, as I haue often seene, for such people esteeme all tumors, that

are soft, to be opened, as common Aposthumes. In Paris 1590. there happened such a disease to one called Cap∣tane Tayle, who was one of the chiefest Captaines amongst the Spaniardes, on the right side of his neck for the which I as Chirurgian ordinarie to the regiment, was sent for, & found that it should not be touched, of which opiniō was also my companyon Andrew Scot a man verye expert in his art who was at that time in great practise at Paris,* 1.123 and now Chirurgiā to the King of Scotland, I ordained reme∣dies to let the encreasing of it, which receipt of mine be∣ing sent to the Apothecarie, he thought it not meete me∣dicine, for an aposthume, as he termed it. he sent for his bro¦ther, the glorious Barbor, who seing the Captaine, found no difficultie but sware with great othes, that he had charmes for al sotes, and the Apothecarie sware, that hee had salues for al sores, & so presētly opened it with a lancet, ro auoide the matter, as they thought which being the spirrit & bold came forth with such violence, that the Captaine died pre∣sētly. I doubt not, but that in these countries, there be many such things cōmitted by such ignorāts, & so destroy many people. I vse alwayes in such, chiefly in the neck, & vnder the arms, and in the paps, these remedies that I prescribed to the Spaniard, that is, first to draw blod in both the arms, next to apply on the sore cerat Galen or de bolo, or this Ree. pulueris suhtilissimi, boli armenici, sanguinis draconis, myrti∣lorū, lapidis calaminarii in aceto extincti, absinthei, an. vnc. 1. cum cerato refrigerātis Galeni quantū sufficit, fiat vnguentū siue magdaleon. For the same effect I vse a cake of lead rub∣bed with quicksiluer, these things will hinder the growing for a time, although it be nere the noble parts. If it be in the extremities, as legges or armes, they may liue a long time, by the vsage of the aforesaid remedies. I knew a wo∣mā in Paris who had one very gret in her thigh & liued 10. yeres, if it be litle and superficial, I find no better, thā cata∣plasme made of claret wine with the crops & leaues of cy∣pres, which I haue often vsed on the arme, when the arter hath been opened in stead of the veine. Otherwise I knitt

them after this forme, first I incise the skin long-wise, next discouer the arter, and being discouered, I passe a needle with a double thread vnder it, two inches aboue the inci∣sion or ruption of the arter, and thē knitts it with a double knot, voydes awaye the blood contained, and cureth the wound, according to the estate it is in.

The fiftenth chapter, of tumors or aposthumes in the paps.

THe papps, which are part is glandulous ordained by na∣ture, partly for the decoration of women, and partly to be answerable to the 2. chābers of the matrix▪* 1.124 & are ordai∣ned for the generation of milk, & are subiect to diuers di∣seases, as other parts of like substance, here we wil only in∣treat of the aposthume, which hapneth in them. The cause is such, as ye haue heard in other aposthumes,* 1.125 and the re∣tensiō of the purgations, also abundāce of thick and knot∣ty milk. The signes are, such as ye haue heard in others, as dolor, pricking, tensiō, rednes & feuer.* 1.126 The cure consisteth in vniuer••all & perticuler remidies, vniuersall, as purgatiōs,* 1.127 bleeding, chiefly of the veines saphens, vētosing & friction on the thighes with other cōuenient remedies for the pro∣uocatiō of the purgations, as ye shall heare at length in the treatise of the diseases in womē. Vse good diet, tending to humidity. The perticular remedies differ not frō others, sa∣uing that we vse familiar & weake repercussiues, because it is nere to the noble parts: in the beginning it shalbe good to foment the pappe with hot water vineger & oyle of ro∣ses, or this, take the flowers of camomill, lyn-seede & fe∣negreck of ech half a pound, the iuyce of mallowes, roses, and plantine of each three ounces, vineger two ounces, wet a cloth therein and lay on the sore. If it tend to matu∣ration, vse this the crum of white bread, and beane meale of ech halfe an ounce, flower of Fenegreck half an ounce, Mallowes, althea and lillie roots of ech a little, seeth them in milk, putting therto the yolke of an egge, fresh butrer & a little saffion, when it is come to suppuration open it with

canter or lancet, vacuate the humor, and cure it as other a∣postumes: make a bandage to holde it vp, and labour not with the arme on the sore side, for that maketh attraction of milke to it.

The sixteene Chapter of the Tumor in the thorax, c••lled Pleurisie.

* 1.128PLeurisie is an inflammation, and tumor of the mem∣branes which knitte & couer the ribbes, whereof there are two sortes,* 1.129 false and true: the false is outward, in the muscles of the short ribbes:* 1.130 the true is that which cometh in the membranes which knitte the ribbes. The Cause is externe and interne, the externe is great heate or colde, also great vsage of strong wine,* 1.131 or very cold water, violent ex∣ercise,* 1.132 or colde ayre after great heat: the internall cause is great repletion of all the body & foure humors, but chiefly the bloud and choler, which make the most subtill part of the bloud ascend from the veine caue, to the veine azigos, thereafter in the muscles, veines & membranes inte••••stals. The Signes,* 1.133 as saith Galen are great dolor from the shoul∣ders to the nethermost ribbe,* 1.134 punction in the side, continu∣all feuer, difficultie of respiring, coughing, hard pulse, great alteration with want of appetite,* 1.135 The Iudgementes are these, that which commeth on the right side, is not so dan∣gerous, as on the left, if the spittle be blacke, liuide and vis∣cous with continual cough and vehement dolor, long con∣tinuing,* 1.136 it is mortall. If the vrine bee thicke, blewe or blacke, it is mortall: if the cough bee very drie, and cease not, it is an ••uill signe: If the spittle be white, light, equal with little cough, and the patient sleepeth well, good ap∣petite, and the vrine redde coloured, it is a good signe. The Cure consisteth in vniuersall and particular remedies,* 1.137 vni∣uersall as clisters, bleeding in both the armes, chiefly in the side opposite to the sore, keeping good dyet, abstayning

from all strong drinke, women, violent exercises, pertur∣bations of the minde: the particular shall be cataplasmes and liniment••s of flowers of camomill, melllot, annise seede, lin•• seede and fen••gre••, if the dolor bee great and doth continue, Fuchius counselleth, frequent applycation of ventouses, with scarrification of the parte affected. If by these remedies the paine doth not cease, neither that ye perceiue any euacuation of the humor, neither by the mouth, vrine nor fundament, it is to be suspected to turne into Empiem, which is a collection of matter betweene the ribbes and the region of the lightes, sometime with corruption hereof, for the which we make incision, either by canter or lancet, but rather by the canter, for neither doth it close so soone, nor is so dolorous, the opening shall be betweene the third and fourth of the true ribbes, be∣ginning at the nethermost, and so counting vpwarde, sixe inches from the ridge of the backe. If yee see tumor emi∣nent in any place of the thorax, open it in the most conue∣nient place: Hippocrates counselleth to decouer the third ribbe, and bore it with a trepan to let out the humor, when it is open, put in a hollowe tente, either of siluer or leade, let not all the matter auoyde at one time▪ but by little and little, and cure it as other apostumes.

The seuenteenth Chapter, of the Tumor in the nauell, called in Greeke ••••c••mphalon, or Eminentia vmbilici.

ƲƲHen the Peritone is dilated or riuen, the Nauell doth swell or tumifie in such sort,* 1.138 that sometime it riueth, the cause is often in the midwife, that either knit∣teth too neare, or too long: by the neere knitting,* 1.139 either it slippeth, breaketh, or causeth conuulsion & other grieuous

diseases: by the too long knitting, it giueth place to the in∣testine or ••mentum, or some bloud or fleshe, waterie or windie vapors doe occupie the eminent place.* 1.140 The Signes are knowne by the diuersitie of the matter contayned therein:* 1.141 as if the omentum: it is softe, and in cullour not different from the rest of the flesh: if the intestine, the tu∣mor is softe and inequall, and returneth into the capacitie with a noyse: if humiditie or vapours, the signes are, as in waterie and windie tumors: if bloud, which happeneth through the infecting of some veine or arter, the signes are, as in aue••••risma: if excrescence of flesh, the tumor is hard and obeyeth not easily. The Iudgements are these, when the dilation is great,* 1.142 it healeth not easily, and often riueth by some violence or coughing, The Cure is, first in good regiment tending to sobrietie,* 1.143 * 1.144 abstayning from all statu∣ous meates, and such, as ingender crudities, little mouing and such like▪ Particular remedies consist in emplaisters astringent, or the emplaister set downe in the practise of Petrus de Angilla:* 1.145 also fomentations astringent, and ban∣dages, chiefely in the beginning. If that helpe not, re∣duce the puddinges and quafe, and cause the sicke to hold in his breath, till ye knit the production, let it fall of it selfe, and produce the cicatrice. If it bee riuen by violence, or great cough, that the intestine commeth out, as happened to a woman, whom I cured in Paris, yee shall inlarge the wounde with a conuenient instrument, reduce the in∣testine, and vse▪ the sutor pellitor, and cure it as other woundes. If there bee winde and water in the place, cure it, as ye shall heare more at large set downe in the Chapter of Hernes.

The eighteene Chapter, of the Tumor in the belly, called Hydr••psie,

HIdropsie is a Tumor against nature, ingendred of great quantitie of water, winde or phlegme,* 1.146 sometime disper∣sed through the whole bodie, and is called vniuersall:* 1.147 other∣whiles in some part thereof, & is called particular, most com∣monly in the capacitie of the Peritone, of the which there are three kindes, to witte, ascites, timpanites and anasarca.* 1.148 Asci∣tes is a maladie, that causeth the bellie and legges to swell,* 1.149 through a waterie humor, the rest of the body is small and leane. Tympanites is a maladie, in the which is more flatuosi∣tie, and lesse humor, and in touching soundeth like a drumme.* 1.150 Anasarca or L••ncophlegmatia is a disease, wherewith the whole bodie▪ but chiefely the priuie partes are swollen with a pituitous humor, white and clare, accompanied with feuer. The cause is either externe or interne: externe as stroakes,* 1.151 falles, heate, colde, fluxe of bloud,* 1.152 or great and long run∣ning of the hemerhoides, or through dissenteria, also great vsage of humide meates, as sewens, euill water, and such like, whereof we had good proofe at the siege of Paris, al∣so euill regiment, Plato saith, that in the time of Apollo and Aesculapius, neither caiter nor hydropsie, nor many other diseases which now raigne were knowne, and that, through their great sobrietie. The cause interne commeth chiefely of the vertue alteratrix and concoctrix of the liuer,* 1.153 in like manner apostumes of the liuer,* 1.154 also passions of the stomacke, through the vice of the veines meseraicks, in∣testine, matrix, bladder, lightes, milte, and kidne••s. The Iudgementes are, that all hydropsies after a hotte feuer, or in the feuer, are euill: if after apostume of the liuer, it recei∣ueth no curation, if by vsing remedies the sicke groweth better, & within 3. or 4. daies is ill againe, he healeth not,

if hee become laxatiue, and haue no ease of his paine, it is mortall, if the spittle, the breath and extremities do stink, they are signes of death, if flux with difficultie of resprati∣on, he shall die within three dayes, of all sorts ascites is the worst, those that are yong and robust, vsing exercise, and if the humor be not putrified,* 1.155 may be cured. For the cure hereof, there are 3. intentiōs, the first is good diet tending to hot and drie,* 1.156 of good nourriture and light digestion it is good not to drinke at all, but if it be any, let it be a little old man. I knewe a man, that was cured, by abstayning from drinke halfe a yeare. Anthonius Bene uenius repor∣teth that he knew men cured,* 1.157 by abstayning from drink a yeare, without vsing any other remedies. Let their bred be of barley, wherwith shal be mingled the pouder of worm∣wood▪ annisseede▪ betonie, calamint, calamus aromaticus, succorie, fennell, which thinges may also bee put in their pottage & drinke, asses & goates milke is also good. The second intention is, with fomentions and vnguentes reso∣tiues, as ye haue heard in Edema. The third intention is to corroborate the intemperie of the lyuer as is ample set downe by Albucrasis. Some counsell to make incisiō the which I haue often seene,* 1.158 but with euill successe, & there∣fore not to bee vsed, as being reiected by Celsus, Paulus, Trallianus▪ Gordonius and others. The manner of incision is thus, make the incision with a bistorie by the nauell▪ but 3. fingers vnder it, towards the flanck, shuning the Linaea, put a hollow tent in it, and euacuate the humor by little & little. I haue set downe an excellēt remedie in the poore mans Guide for the curation of this disease, if the fault be not in the liuer, whereby I healed many in Paris, during the time of the siege. There are many other things, which might be spoken of this matter, which I leaue to the me∣diciners, being more medicinall, than Chirurgicall, but by reasō that sometime it falleth vnder the Chirurgians hāds, I thought good thus much to intreate of it.

The ninteenth Chapter, of the Tumor in the fundament, called Condiloma.

THe fundament is subiect to diuers passions, as Condilo∣ma, ficus, atrices, hemerhoids, rhadiae, clausio,* 1.159 paraly∣sis, pruritus, fistula.* 1.160 Condiloma is a certaine excrescence of flesh, hard, tuberculus, and membranous in the brimmes of the fundament, sometimes accompanied with great tumor and swelling, and are called Condilomata, sometime not swelled, and are called Atrices. The cause is the weakenesse, softnes, and lowe scituation of the part, also defluxion of humors,* 1.161 which become rotten, for the which it is of hard curation.* 1.162 The signes are manifest to the sight,* 1.163 accompanied with great tumor and dolor. The Cure consi••th in good regiment, and rest, often purging with clisters, bleeding in the arme,* 1.164 to diuert the hu∣mor, if there be any inflammation, vsing vomitors, & thinges to prouoke vrine. The topicall remedies are, in the beginning to vse linimentes of oyle of roses, cidoniorum, with whites of egges, thereafter vse remollientes and discutientes: if it tend to suppuration, vse such remedies, as ye haue heard in others, putting thereto a little of tapsus barbatus, it must be opened in forme circular, this counselleth Gordon, to the ende the mat∣ier remaine not long there in, which easily causeth fistule. If the excrescence be great & hard, they must be consumed with causticke medicamentes, as counselleth Celsus. Sometime the fundament is closed, as I sawe in Picardie in the Towne of S. Quintin in France, where I brought a woman to bedde, that had two children, the one had excrescence of fleshe and dyed soone after it was borne, the other had a membrane, that closed the passage of the excrementes, which I c••tte with a bistorie, and it healed. This hapneth often to maides in their conduites, for the which doe the like, or haue recourse to Celsus.* 1.165 Or to the mans Guide.

The twentie Chapter, of the Tumors in the Fundament, called Hemerhoides.

THe Hemerhoides are an inflamation or voiding of bloud,* 1.166 of some one or moe of the fiue veines, which goe about the Fundament, of the which there are diuers kindes,* 1.167 as saith Fernelius, some are interne, which are not to be seene, others externe, some swelled and voide no hu∣mor, but in tract of time returne inwardly, some open, and auoyde aboundance of melancholicke bloud, which ma∣keth great payne. The cause is great aboundance of me∣lancholicke,* 1.168 pituitous or bilious bloud, also great vsage of mordicant medicines, as saith Gordonius. The Signes are these, if the humor be colde, the sicke feeleth great heaui∣nesse,* 1.169 and dolor, and trembling of the bellie, if the humor be hotte, there shall be great pulsation, euill coullor of the face, heauinesse of the eyes. The Iudgementes, this dis∣ease is dangerous and difficill, for sometime the great eua∣cuation causeth the hydropsie,* 1.170 euil colour, and weake∣nesse of the bodie, which often endeth in fistule. If they be sodainely stayed, they ingender dangerous maladies, and often death, the humor taking the course to some o∣ther part, as the liuer or the lightes, as saith Bartapallia: if they voyde moderatly, it is good, and preserueth the sicke from melancholie, leprosie, strangurie, griefe in the sides, and inflamation on the lightes. The naturall course of them is to voyde euery moneth once,* 1.171 or at least foure or fiue times in the yeere. The Cure is somewhat difficill, the part being sensible and colde,* 1.172 hauing no force of it selfe, also being in a lowe place, easie to receiue fluxion, and being in a priuie place, hard to come to at all times: yet in so farre as may be, it consisteth in good dyet, abstayning from all thinges of euill digestion, and which breede me∣lancholie, nexte, the bodie shall bee gently purged, then bleede,* 1.173 if eyther they flowe moderately, or be painefull, al∣so bleede in the veyne in the ham or foote, If they be tu∣mified, applie a horsleach, and some medicaments to make

them open, and ease the paine: as cataplasmes, fomen∣tations, halfe bathes, or sassettes of henbane, tapsus barba∣tus, violettes, redde roses, mallowes, lintseede, all soddeu in milke and applyed on the parte. Also the yolke of an egge, oyle of roses, rose water and creame applyed after the aforesaid manner, are of great force.* 1.174 Some for this purpose vse hogges doung hotte on the part, for the appea∣sing of the payne, as you shall heare further in the poore mans guide, Or this, take sorrell, violettes, henbane, of e∣uery one a little, roast it vnder the aeshes and mixe it with a little hogges grease and lay it on the sore. If they voyde much, applie ventouses on the shoulders, with astringent and corroboratiue emplaisters on the os sacrum and fundament, made of sanguinis draconis, masticke, mallowes with the haire of an olde Hare cutte very small, and a little pouder of roset,* 1.175 mixe all together with the white of an egge, and lay on the foresayde places. If the payne be vehement and interne, take a tente, wette in the foresaide remedie, and put in it, or take this vnguent, composed of rosat. m••snes, cerat. Galen & comitissae mingled all together in a morter of leade. paulus counselleth, when there are diuers, to leaue one open for a cer∣tayne space, for feare the humor take the course to some noble parte. There are diuers other familiar remedies, for this purpose, which shall be set downe at large in the poore mans guid.

The one and twentith Chapter, of the Tumor in the Intestine, when it falleth, cal∣led by the Latines, Exitus longanouis or Ani prec••dentia.

EXitus longanouis is the fourth comming or rather tur∣ning ouer of the great Intestine,* 1.176 which happeneth through the laxation of the muscle Sphinter, the which maketh it fall, & tumifie, which is most common to young children. The Cause is externall & internall:* 1.177 externall are

falles, and stroakes on os sacrum, sitting on colde stones, great compression of the fundament, also apostumes which happen in these partes. The internall cause is great humiditie, which relaxeth the muscle, fluxe of the bellie, oft pressing to goe to the stoole, as commonly happeneth to those,* 1.178 who haue the Dissenteria. The signes are appa∣rant to the sight:* 1.179 the Cure shall be in generall and parti∣cular remedies:* 1.180 the generall shall bee first in good regi∣ment of life, abstayning from much drinke, pottages, hearbes, fruites, and all meates that ingender erudities, al∣so the vsage of purgations shall be expedient. The par∣ticular remedies are to foment the place with smithes wa∣ter and redde wine, in these shall bee sodden redde roses, myrtles, centinodie, shepheardes purse, roch allom, seethe all together and foment the place, then annoynt it with oyle of bayes and myrtles, and apply on it pouder of ma∣sticke, mirhe and nuttes of cipres, thereafter cause the sicke to drawe in his breath, so it shall be easily reduced: being put in, wet a cloth in the former fomentation, and lay on it, and band it for a certaine space, preasse not sore in going to stoole, and keepe you warme. If for all this it heale not, haue recourse to the poore mans guide in the Chapter of diseases of young children in these partes.

The two and twentith Chapter, of the tumor in the Coddes.

IN the Coddes, are situated the stones, which are orday∣ned by nature for the generation of man, which are sub∣iect to diuers tumors and inflamatiōs so that sometime the stones doe swell,* 1.181 to the greatnes of a goose egge accom∣panyed with dolor and hardnes, so that the heart, liuer, & braines feele the griefe. The cause is eyther externall, or internall,* 1.182 the external, are strokes, falles, application of re∣medies,

which offend the nature of these partes▪ the in∣ternall cause is defluxion of humors which often happe∣neth in the lowe, parts of our bodie, retention of a maling Gonorhea, also when the seede is any wise out of the domi∣cill & yet retayned in the capacitie, as happeneth to yong men in the night, so waking at the discharg of that humor they doe retaine it by force which afterwardes rottes, and maketh defluxion on the stones, as I haue sometime sene. The signes are inflamation, dolor, hardnes,* 1.183 ponderositie which may easily be perceiued, great dolor of the muscle called Su••pensor which giueth voluntarie motion to the stones. The iudgments, if such tumors bee not swiftly cu∣red, the aposthume, become harde,* 1.184 and sometime Scirrous, which may not be cured, but by amputation, as I haue seene in three diuers persons.* 1.185 The cure is gene∣rall and speciall, generall in good regiment of life, abstay∣ning from strong drinke, eating little and of good digesti∣on, little trauelling, bleeding the veine saphen, vsing of clisters, and prouoking vrine. The topicall remedies differ not from other tumors, sauing that neither apply remolli∣ents nor suppuratiues without great consideration, but re∣percussiues, in the beginning as oyle of Roses, vineger, whites of Egges and such, thereafter this remedie, that hath the vertue to repell, and discusse the humor.* 1.186 Rec. ra∣dicum altheae & lini an. vnc. 2. foliorum violarum, maluae, parietarie, plantaginis, hyosciami aen. manip. 1. camomillae, melioti, rosar••m siccarum an. P. 1. coquautur in oxymelite cum fari••is fabarum & hord••i an. vnc. se. If it turne to sup∣puration, doe as in others, if by long delay the stone bee altered, the best remedie is amputation: if vehemenr do∣lor, as often happeneth, apply on the sore cassiafistula or newe Cheese with a little vineger, which are thinges most anodine in such griefes.

The three and twentith Chapter, of hernes in generall, which happen in the flanck and Codds.

AS in diuers partes of the bodie happen diners sick∣nesses, so in these partes come 8. sortes of diseases cōmonly called ruptures or hernes and are deuided into fiue propers and three cōmons, the first of the propers is called Bubonocele or hernia in completa, that is when it remayneth in the flanck, the second is called ••nterocele or hernia intestinalis that is when the intestine falleth into the codds, the third is called Epiploceli or her••ia Zirbalis, when the caule fall in the codds. The first of the cōmons is called Hydrocelae or hernia aquosa, which is a watery hu∣mor in the codds, the second is called Physocele, or her••ia ventosa, which is a winde in the codds, the third is called Sarcocele, or hernia carnosa, which is a scirrous or fleshie substance in the cod, the fourth is called Cirsoceli, or her∣nia varicosa which is when the veines, that nourishe the stones, are dilated and full of melancholicke bloode, the fift is called hernia hum••••alis, which is when any defluxion of humors falle••h in the coddes, of all which ye shal heare hereaftet in there seuerall Chapters, beginning first with B••bonocele.

The foure and twentith Chapter, of the tu∣mor inguinall called Bubonocle.

* 1.187BƲbonocele is a tumor in the flanck either of the call, or intestine,* 1.188 which happeneth through dilatation, or rup∣tion of the peritone, & is called b•• the latins hernia ingui∣nalis, or inconpleta. The cause is externall and internall, ex∣ternall in strokes, leaping, wresting, crying, vomiting, choughing,* 1.189 riding on hard trotting horses, bearing of gret burthens, the violent vsing of womē, or any violēt vsing of exercise dilatatiō of the ligamēt in womē, through great trauell in childbirth▪ the internall cause are vsing of vis∣cuous

& flatuous meates, great repletion of the bellie, and of humors. The signes if it come through relaxation,* 1.190 it re∣duceth easily, if of the intestine, ye shall hea••e a noyse, and it is dolorous. The iudgments, many die of this disease,* 1.191 the gutte being forth, filleth full eyther of winde, or excremēts or both, which is so difficill & painfull to be reduced, that the sick dieth. As for the cure,* 1.192 vse fomentatiōs remollien∣tes and discutientes made thus. R••c. radicum altheae, bri∣oniae, cucumeris ••grestis an. M. 1. foliorū maluae, bismaluae, pari••tariae et violarum an. M. 1. florū, et foliorum camomil∣lae, melitoti, & rosarum an. P. 1. seminis altheae, lini et fen••∣greci an. vnc. se. coquātur omnia in lacte vel aqua, et f••men∣ta locum cum spongis. If by these remedies, it reduce not, being great abundance of winde, yee shall vse fiue, or sixe punctiōs with a needle for the purpose, which dissipeth the winde, & reduceth easily, then vse emplasters astringent, with a bādage for a certayn space, in so doing those which come of releaxatiō sometime heale others, which come by ruption doe nor heale, so the sicke must haue a trusse for the purpose, with an emplaster to let the falling downe a∣gaine, and no other cure to bee vsed, yet there are some ignorāt people, who take vpon thē to heale this, as also the 2. cōpletes by drinks, charmes, praying to Saints, & going on pilgrimage, which are al false & found on no reason, o∣thers, as Tbeodo••ricus coūsell to cure thē by actual canters, Lanfrācus by potētiall, Bernardus & Rogerius, by the wea∣ring of a golden threade, called punctus aureus, which are all dangerous and vncertaine wayes.

The fiue & twentith chapter, of the herne or rupture intestinall called by the Greeks ••nterocele.

THis kinde of rupture is,* 1.193 when the gutts fall downe into the codds, eyther through ruption,* 1.194 or enlarging of the peritone, where the Spermatick vessels doe passe, and where the muscles Cremastres end, and the membranes Dartons and Heretroides begin, wherin the gutt, caul••, or both do fal. The causes are like to Bubonocele,* 1.195 * 1.196 the signs are

great in equall tumor, sometime hard, by reason of the fe∣call matter contained therein. The iudgmentes are these there commeteh inflamation,* 1.197 and the more ye prease to reduce it, the inflamation is the greater, so it changeth the coulor, which is an euill signe, sounding and voyding of matter at the mouth are euill signs & if the intes••i••e be not reduced the patient dyeth, which happeneth through the narrownes of the dilatation.* 1.198 As for the cure, first rubb the codde with oyle of camomill, and lay the sick on his back in such sort that his arse be higher, than his head, reducing with thy hand little, and little, pressing most on the place where it defended. If the fecall matter let the reduction vse the remedies set downe in Bubonocele & clisters to dis∣charg the intestine, if by these remedies, the intestine doe not reduce, but the matter wax hard with grea•• dolor, yee shall make incision in the vpper part of the cod, eschewing the intestine, thereafter put a litle peece of wood vp by the production of the peritone, neare the hole of descent, the pece of wood must be round on the one side, & flat on the other, wheron ye shall make the rest of your incision, and rubbe the descent with a lttle oyle, so it shall easily reduce. If then it reduce not, the peritone must be incised, and vse the canter Gastrographick, & handle it as other wounds, this operation must not be vsed, but in great necessitie, & when the sick is strong, prognosticating still of the daun∣ger, nefefellisse aut ignorasse videaris. Being reduced, it must with bandages and astringent fomentations bee contay∣ned with rhis ••••plaster.* 1.199 Rec. emplastri contra ru••tu∣ram vnc. 2. mastichae vnc. 1. vnguenti comitissae & desiccatiui rubei an. vnc. se. lapidis calaminaris in aceto ex∣tincti parum: or this, tak•• beane flowre and the barke of the oake tree, sanguinis draconis, pouder of sage and roses, of euery one a little, seethe all in smithes water, putting there∣to a little hogges grease, and lay it on the place in forme of an emplaister, and keepe the bedde for the space of fortie dayes, shifting it once in sixe dayes, vsing good dyet and of

light digestion, abstayning from crying and coughing, laying the hinder partes higher then the head, through this method some heale, chieflly whē the dilation is not great••. If the dilation be so great, that there is no hope of recoue∣rie by these remedies, wee come to the operation of the hande, the bodie hauing purged and bledde afore if neede be, eating little the night before the incision: the sicke shall be layde on a forme or board, scituated as yee haue heard, his legges and handes bound, and so reduce the intestine, which being done, one shall hold his hande on the hole of descent, then the Chirurgion shal take the stone on the sore side, making an incision two inches broad, at the which drawe out the testicle,* 1.200 separate the didyme from the scro∣tum, till ye come to the hole of descent, and knitte with a waxed threed, and cutte the production with the stone a little from the threede, stay the fluxe of bloud, and heale it, as other woundes. If the patient be olde, make incisi∣on in the lower parte of the scroton, to the ende the mat∣ter may auoyd the better. Sometime the dilation being great, the intestine sticketh to the peritone, so in knitting the peritone, ye knitte the intestine also, which if it happen the sicke voydeth the excrementes by the mouth, and so dyeth. This happened once to my Maister, who had vsed this operation a long time, whereof I thought good to let you vnderstand, if any such cure come in your handes. Sometime being healed in the one side, it falleth on the o∣ther side, for the curation whereof, doe the like, yet it is ve∣ry incommodious, for after, the partie is disabled to ingen∣der, and the hayre of the beard becommeth thin and fal∣leth, for the which cause and diuers,* 1.201 I am of the opinion with the learned, not to attempt this operation, but rather to vse a tru••se, so in processe of time, nature ingendreth a certaine peice of flesh in the hole of descent.

The twentie sixe Chapter, of the rupture Zirball, called Epip••cele.

* 1.202EPipocele is a descent of the caule in the codde or flanck: the Cause is not different from the precedent,* 1.203 accom∣panied with aboundance of humidities in these partes,* 1.204 the Signes are like the precedent, sauing that it is softer and vn∣easie to reduce,* 1.205 not dolorous. The Cure must bee like to the intestine in all, cutting the production that falleth, knitte & canterize it, to let the fluxe of bloud of the veines and arters, whereof commeth great danger, if it be redu∣ced and yet bleedeth, it causeth fluxe of the bellie and often death.

The twentie seuen Chapter, of the waterie Herne called Hydrocele or Hernia aquosa.

* 1.206THE waterie Herne is a Tumor in the coddes, which groweth by little and little sometime to great bignesse,* 1.207 and is contayned sometime in the codde, otherwhiles be∣twixt the membranes, that couer the stones called Dartos and Heretroidos, sometime within them, sometime it is ac∣companied with the gu••te, and is called Hydrointerocele. The Cause is like as yee haue heard in Hydropsie, and is a particular Hydropsie, sometime stroakes, the vesselles being riuen, the bloud chaungeth into a waterie humor. The Signes are, the Tumor is cleare, and becommeth long still in one estate,* 1.208 not painefull, heauie, sometime hard, and is knowne by holding the codde betwixt thee & the candle,* 1.209 and beeing inclosed in membranes, it appeareth to bee a third testicle.* 1.210 The Iudgementes, some resolue, oftentimes the intestine also falleth, chiefely in the left side, by reason of the milte,* 1.211 which is full of colde melancholicke humor, which oftentimes corrupteth the testicle. As for the Cure, the sicke must be purged,* 1.212 with fitte medicines, according to the nature of the humor, vse meane exercises, meates

hotte and drie in small quantitie, abstayning from drinke, and keepe thy bellie loose, sleepe little, and prouoke vrine by diureticke thinges, abstaine from all things which breed winde. The particular remedies are in vsing fomentations as in Hydropsie, next, the astringent emplaister made of redde desi••catiue, the vnguent Comitisse, with the pouder of lapis calaminaris, extinguished in vineger, oaker, balaust, bol armenie, allom, mustard seede and euphors, malax. all together with a little oyle of camomil, and lay on the sore. If these remedies suffice not, by reason of the great quan∣titie of the water, we put a Seton through the lowest part ••f the codde, and drawe it twise euery day, till the humor be euacuated. If the humor be in the membranes, that co∣uer the stones make incision in the side of the codde, es∣chewing the testicle, put a tente in it, and dresse it twise a day, keepe it open, till the humor be euacuated, vse reme∣dies anodi••us, for to appease the dolor,* 1.213 and ••ic catrize it as other woundes.

The twentie eight Chapter, of the Herne windie called Physocele.

THis Herne is a collection of winde in the Scroton, cal∣led Hernia ventosa:* 1.214 the Cause is imbecillitie of natural heate in these partes, and phlegmaticke matter,* 1.215 with such other causes, as yee haue heard in windie apostumes. The Signes are, the Tumor is somewhat hard, light, round,* 1.216 so∣dainely ingendred, occupying for the most part, the s••roton and wand, resisting to the touch, cleare as a bladderfull of winde, the wande greater in one place, then in another. The Iudgementes, if this vapour dissip not,* 1.217 it causeth ma∣ny euilles, sometime occupying the whole bodie, and pro∣ceedeth often of matter venenous. The Cure shall be,* 1.218 first in good dyet, as in Edema, next, to applie on the place thinges resolutiue and corroboratiue, as yee haue heard in windie apostumes, some allowe the plaister of Vigo with mercurie, or diapalma malaxed with wine, also the dregges of claret wine, boiled with bran, & laid warm on the place.

The twentie nine Chapter of the Herne carnosa, called Sarcocele.

* 1.219THis is a Tumor in the cod, sometimes in the membrans dartos and heretroidos,* 1.220 chiefely about the stones, like vnto a tumor schirrous,* 1.221 and as it were accompanied with veines varicous.* 1.222 The Cause is, aboundance of grosse hu∣mors in these partes, which doth corrupt the testicles, and at last degendreth into a harde fleshie disposition.* 1.223 The Signes are,* 1.224 vnequall tumor, hard, alwayes in one estate, dolorous, and being touched (all which is in the testicle,) doth moue.* 1.225 The Iudgementes are, that when it happeneth to young folke, and handled in the beginning, it doth some time heale, but commonly it is incureable, and the worst of all the eight kindes. If by feeling it at the vppermost parte of the didim, it seeme vnnaturall great, the tumor is incureable, and better it is not to touch it, then to attempt any cure: if ye finde the didim small, there is some hope of cure: For the which we must scituate the sicke as yee haue heard,* 1.226 * 1.227 next, make the incision in the vpper part of the cod, knitte the didim and canterize it, as ye haue heard in in∣terocele. If it adhere to the codde, separate it, and cutte off the testicle, with the excrescence, if after the incision, there commeth inflammation and dolor, let the patient bleede, and rest fiue or sixe dayes, as counselleth Franco, and leaue the cure, to giue order to the accidentes.

The thrrtie Chapter, of the Herne varicous, called C••rsocele.

THis Herne is a Tumor, and dilation of the veines that nourish the testicles,* 1.228 * 1.229 which are full of melancholicke bloud, and also the membranes hereof. The Cause is, some grosse humor or melancholick bloud,* 1.230 gathered in that part, by reason of the debilitie and decliuitie of the place,* 1.231 and heauinesse of the humor.* 1.232 The Signes are, the repletion of

the veines, sometime fewe in number, sometime many wrapped together like a vine braunch, soft in touch, and returning into the bellie, by pressing on the didime.* 1.233 The iudgmentes are, it is without dolor, most dangerous, and difficill to be cured,* 1.234 as ye shall heare in the varices of the legges. The cure shalbe first in purging the bodie of me∣lancholick, then bleede if neede be,* 1.235 therefore make inci∣siō on the scroton the breadth of two fingers in the place of the varice, thereafter make passe a needle with double thread vnder the varice and in the vpper part of the woūd, an other in the lower part▪ leauing an inch betwixte, then open the varice, and euacuate the humor contayned: if there be any moe doe the like, that done knitt the thread, and handle the wound as others. If the testicle be infiltred with veines accompanied with dolor, that it may not bee handled this way, the didime must bee cut as in the pre••••∣dent, and so proceede in the cure,

The one and thirtieth Chapter, of the herne Hum••rall.

THis herne is an aposthume and defluxion of humors to∣gether in the codd or membranes,* 1.236 * 1.237 that couer the testi∣cles, and sometime in their proper substance.* 1.238 The cause is not different from other aposthumes, as also the signes.* 1.239 The iudgmentes are,* 1.240 such as are long in healing the part being cold and membranous, somtimes suppureth, other∣whiles resolueth, if it continue long, it corrupteth the testicle. The cure, the sick shalbe purged with clisters & bled rest, and weare a trusse to holde vp the stones,* 1.241 and dressed according to the nature of the humor and acci∣dents, after the methode set downe in the generall Chap∣ter of Aposthumes.

The two and thirtith Chapter, of the tumor in the Flanck called Bubo.

* 1.242THis word Bubo is taken in place for the part betwixte the thigh & the bodie,* 1.243 called in latin Ingnen, in which there are many glandes, which often doe swell, & tumi∣fie.* 1.244 The cause is, defluxiō of humors, violent exercise, cri∣sis of maladies,* 1.245 dolor, or vlcer in the legge or foote, or some other part neare to it.* 1.246 The signes are euident. The iudgmentes, when it happeneth by crisis of maladie it is difficill,* 1.247 if no fe••er haue proceeded, nor vapor venemous, it is easie, sometime it doth resolue, otherwhiles suppo••eth. There are other glādes lower, where ordinarily the plague ingendereth.* 1.248 The cure differeth not frō other aposthumes, which come in partes glandulous, where of I haue spoken amply in the Chapter of Scrofulae.

The three and thirieth Chapter, of the tumor in the knees.

* 1.249THis tumor commeth by fluxion or congestion of hu∣mors in the ioyntes,* 1.250 and chiefly in the knees, the cause is,* 1.251 strokes, falles, plenitude of humors, crisis of maladye, heate▪ colde, long trauell, laxations. riding and frictions. The signes are manifest, & the iudgmentes are, that those which happen after a long maladie,* 1.252 are difficill and dan∣gerous,* 1.253 as sayth Hyppocrat••s, & are long in healing, pain∣full to the sick dolorous, the humor being either extreame hot or colde, which maketh inflamation in those partes, sometime matter virulent vnder the lidde, which causeth the bone goe out of his place, and sometime turneth ouer, as I saw once in Paris. The cure consisteth in vniuersall, and p••rticuler remedies,* 1.254 vniuersal shalbe according to the qualitie of the humor, as yee haue hearde in the generall Chapter, the Topicall remedies, shalbe repercussiues, & discutientes, & drying according to the nature of the part,

which shalbee distinguished,* 1.255 according to the degrees of the aposthumes, as ye haue heard in Phlegmon. If it tende to suppuration be warie in opening of it, our auntients for∣bid to open deepe vnder the lidde, because parts are sensi∣ble and dolorous, of the which happeneth euill accidents. Vse medicamentes corroboratiues, and anodines, euacu∣ate the matter and cicatrice the wound, as others: some∣time the tumor is ingencred of winde, which deceiueth the Chirurgian, and if it happen, cure it as ye heard in win∣die, and waterie tumor.

The foure and thirtieth Chapter, of the tumor in the veines of the legs called Ʋaricae.

ƲArix is dilatatiō of the veine greater, thā natural, which happeneth in diuers partes of the bodie, as tēples,* 1.256 * 1.257 bel∣lie, vnder the nauell, on the testicles & matrix, but chieflye in the legges, which is sometime one veine, sometime di∣uers together, full of thick, burnt, melancholick blood, let∣ting action of the place. The cause is abundāce of the me∣lācholick humor, retentiō of the moueth course in womē,* 1.258 & Hemorhoides in both sexes, which dilateth the veines, & sometime breaketh, as oft happeneth to women in their trauell, for the which I haue treated at lēhth in the treatise of womēs birth, likewise vehemēt exercise, as leaping wres¦ling, carying of great burthēs, strokes, falls, tormēts & such like. The signes may be seene by the greatnes of the veins, which cōmonly are blacker, than the naturall.* 1.259 * 1.260 The iudge∣mēts, those that are interne,* 1.261 are incureable and not to bee touched, because it letteth the ••fluxion so returneth to the noble parts, & causeth great accidents, intertaineth old vl∣cers & letteth the cure therof. The cure is diuersly set down by diuers authors, some counsell to incise them in diuers places according to the circum••olution; and let the blood,* 1.262 then to close vp and binde the wounde, as in other blo••∣dinges, resting that daye,* 1.263 and if they swell agayne doe

the place with a little inke the skin, aboue the veine, ther∣after take vp the skin with thy handes, and incise in the middst therof, then let it goe, that the veine, may be seene & passe two needles, as in the varicus herne, let it bleede, a quantitie, & knit it, let the thre ad fall of it selfe, without drawing it by force, and cure the wound as others.

The fiue and thirtieth Chapter, of the lit∣tle Tumors in the leggs called Dracunculus.

* 1.264THis is a tumor or extraordinarie dolor bredde in the legges or armes,* 1.265 called Draguneus, yet diuers authors haue giuen it diuers names, as Auicen calleth it Meden by the name of a towne, where it is frequent, Albucrasis calleth it Ʋenaciuilis, Halyabbas vena famosa. There is also touching the cause, & cure, great difference, it chaunceth most cōmonly in the midst of Arabia, as writeth Paulus and is not oft seene amongst vs, yet some-what I will say of it for the better instructiō of the yong Chirurgian, Pau∣lus and Auicen are of opinion, that in the place affected, the humor is like vnto little wormes somtime great, other∣whiles small, chiefly in the partes musculous, as in the ar∣ters,* 1.266 thighes, and legges, and sometime in childrens sides vnder the skin, with manifest motion. Some take it bee a sharp and mordicant humor betweene the flesh and skin, which in time waxeth hard like an nerue or tendon. It is iugendred of a hot melancholick blood & burnt phlegme sent through the veines to the exterior parrs by the vertue expultrix.* 1.267 * 1.268 The signes are vehement dolor, feuer, harde, and rounde like nerues, seeming to moue in the touching as it had life, the tumor is long, and stretched from one ioynt to an other, as from the kne•• to the foote. The cure whether it bee humor,* 1.269 or animall vegetatiue, is to foment the place with milke and camomill, or medicines to ap∣pease the dolor, then to giue aire eyther by canter, or vissi∣cator, if it be not dolorous and tend to suppuration cure it,

••s yee haue heard in Erisipelas, changing alwayes your re∣medies according to the times of the Tumor, and Humor which raigneth.

The thirtte sixe Chapter, of the Tumor in the legges or armes, called by the Greekes, ••lephantiasiis particularis.

THIS if it be vniuersally through all the bodie, it is cal∣led Leprosie, if it be particular,* 1.270 it occupieth onely one mē∣ber, which spoyleth the forme, figure and disposition there∣of, and maketh it rough, like the skinne of an Elephant,* 1.271 for which reason it is called Elephantiasis. If it occupie the skinne and not the flesh, it is called Morphaea. The Cause commeth from the mothers wombe,* 1.272 and is called Maladie hereditarie, or after wee are borne: if from the wombe, ei∣ther the childe hath bene conceiued in the time of the mo∣nethly purgations, or else the mother, or father hath beene e∣lephanticke. After we are borne, it commeth eyther of cor∣ruption of ayre, as in places neare the Sea, which maketh the humors of the bodie thicke: also dwelling in hotte countries, as in Aphricke, Spayne and others, where many haue this dis∣ease: also in colde partes, which thicken the humors, & pleni∣tude of the humors, chiefly of the melancholicke, retention of the hemerhoides, or purgation menstruall, defect in the milte corrupteth the humors, chiefely melancholy, great vsage of melancholike meates, ae Swine, Goates, Hares, cheese and such like, The Signes are,* 1.273 great tumor occupying the whole member or some parte thereof, which augmenteth by little and little, not dolorous, insensible, which sometime is infla∣med. The iudgementes, when it is vniuersall or particular, it is incureable, yet some remedies palliatiues may be vsed,* 1.274 to lette and stay the maladie,* 1.275 by purging the melancholicke humor, bleeding, bathing, ventousing, prouocation of the flowers, and hemero••hes, vsing of good regiment and thinges

that ingender good blood, abstayning from things of contrarie qualitie, the which must be done by the aduise of the learned Physitian. If there come inflammation in the hart, vse such remedies as are set downe in the Chapter of Phlegmon. I haue seene some haue this maladie, and liue 20. yeares and more, by the vsing of good regiment, but I haue knowne none to come to perfect cure.

The thirtie seauen Chapter, of the tumor which commeth in the extremities of the fingers called Paneris or Paranochia.

* 1.276THis Aposteme, which occupyeth the extremities of the fingers and rootes of the nailes is called by the Greekes Paranochian, by the Latins Reduuiae. The Cause is melancholick humor, venemous, and most hot of the nature,* 1.277 which proceedeth from the bones, nerues, tendons, and membranes, which couer the same. The signes are vehement dolor,* 1.278 whic maketh the ••icke almost beside himselfe, great inflamation, feuer, and sundry other lik accidents,* 1.279 as in Carbuncle. The Iudgments it is some∣time vlcered with virulent matter, & is verie dangerous as saith Gordonius, oftentimes afore there, bee any outward apparence in the flesh, it rotteth both the bones and liga∣ments and membranes, and then there is no remedie, but to cut it, for feare it infect the rest, and also cause death, as reporteth de Ʋigo.* 1.280 The Cure, first the sicke shalbe pur∣ged and bleede in the arme opposite, vsing good regi∣ment, and abstayning from all strong drinke: as for the to∣picall remidies, there are diuers opinions amongst our old writers, some counsell repercussiues and ••nodins and supu∣ratiues, other counsell for the greatnes of this disease, not to abide the maturation, but presently make incisiō in the inner side of the part or ioynt, the length of the said ioynt, going to the bone,* 1.281 to giue issue to the venim, which is cō∣monly the periost, and bone let it bleed, till it ••••aunch of it

selfe, thereafter washe the part with strong vineger, and Aquauitae, wherein hath been delayed a little Treacle, v∣sing a liniment of vnguent rosat, Populeon, with a little oyle of Roses, or a cataplasme made of the leaues of Hen∣bane, Sorrell, mandrakes, rosted vnder the ashes and min∣gled with a little Butter or Hogges greace, this doth ap∣pease the dolor and prouoke matter. This being doone cleanse the vlcer, and cicatrize it as in others.

The thirtie eight Chapter, of the litle hard∣nes in the feete commonly called Cornes.

THose hard tumors,* 1.282 which cōmonly occupie the toes and feete, chiefly the ioyntes and vnder the nailes, are called Cornes, and in latin Clauus,* 1.283 of the which there are three kindes to wit Corpus, Callus, and Clauus. The Cause is chiefly in wearing straight shoes,* 1.284 superflu∣ous excrements, which cannot auoide, so remaineth in the partueruous▪ and acquireth a certaine hardnes, according to the nature of the part, where they are. The Signes are apparent to the sight. The cure is, that those,* 1.285 that are lit∣tle, not deepe, are to bee cut finely at the roote,* 1.286 and filled vp with a little wax and greene copperous, or else a little of the sande, which remaineth of the vrine, take heede yee cut not to deepe amongst the ligaments & tendons, for the great accidentse, that followe, as inflamation,* 1.287 sometyme conuulsion, and Gangren, so that some loose their toes & feete. In cutting a part of it, the roote groweth more large, then it is best, to foment the part with water of mal∣lowes and Althea, or water, wherein Tripes haue been sod, thereafter vse Gum Ammoniac dissolued in Aquauitae and laye one it, or this which I haue often vsed made of lyke quantitie of Turpintine, wax and verdegreace and applye thereon. And so we end this Treatise, and shall followe out to intreate of woundes in like manner.

Notes

• * 1.1

  Definition.
• * 1.2

  Difference.
• * 1.3

  Com. aphor. 3. lib. 4. de rati∣one victus. Cause.
• * 1.4

  Rondoletius.
• * 1.5

  Paul. lib. 6. cap. 3.
• * 1.6

  Aetius lib. 6. cap. 1.
• * 1.7

  Signes.
• * 1.8

  Iudgments.
• * 1.9

  Cure:
• * 1.10

  Definition.
• * 1.11

  Cause.
• * 1.12

  Paul. lib. 6. cap. 3.
• * 1.13

  Cure.
• * 1.14

  Auicen.
• * 1.15

  O••basius lib. 7. sinopseos.
• * 1.16

  Heurnius lib. 2 praxis medici∣••.
• * 1.17

  Definition.
• * 1.18

  Gal. 1. de accid morb Paul. lib. 3. cap. 22.
• * 1.19

  Cause.
• * 1.20

  Gordon pertic. 3. cap. 2.
• * 1.21

  Signes.
• * 1.22

  Iudgments.
• * 1.23

  Gordon lib. ci∣tato.
• * 1.24

  Cure.
• * 1.25

  Zenopha.
• * 1.26

  Iesus lib. de oculis. Galen 13. therapeutic. Hip. de oculo∣rum morbis.
• * 1.27

  Definition.
• * 1.28

  Cause.
• * 1.29

  Signes.
• * 1.30

  Iudgementes.
• * 1.31

  Gordon. partie. 3.
• * 1.32

  Cure
• * 1.33

  Definition.
• * 1.34

  Paul. lib. 3.
• * 1.35

  Cause.
• * 1.36

  Paul. lib. 3. cap. 23. Lanfranc. tract. 3.
• * 1.37

  Alex. tral. lib. 1. cap. 34.
• * 1.38

  Signes.
• * 1.39

  Iudgementes.
• * 1.40

  Cure
• * 1.41

  Fuchius de medendis morbis.
• * 1.42

  Dodoneus.
• * 1.43

  Lanfranc. 3. tractatu. Bacchanellus de consensu medicorum.
• * 1.44

  Definition.
• * 1.45

  Paul. lib. 3. cap. 29.
• * 1.46

  Cause.
• * 1.47

  Signes.
• * 1.48

  Iudgments.
• * 1.49

  Me••nes. de compos. medi∣cament. cap. 3 Auicen 5. tract. cap▪ 2. Auicen Rondol et Mesmes.
• * 1.50

  Cure.
• * 1.51

  Lib. de meden∣dis morbis.
• * 1.52

  Halyabbas. lib. 9.
• * 1.53

  Gordon partie. 3.
• * 1.54

  Gal. lib. 11. de vsu partum.
• * 1.55

  Definition.
• * 1.56

  Brunus lib. 7. Cause.
• * 1.57

  Aetius sermo. 8. cap. 45. Signes.
• * 1.58

  Iudgments.
• * 1.59

  Aetius serm. citato.
• * 1.60

  Cure.
• * 1.61

  Gal. 13. therap. Trallianus.
• * 1.62

  Rondoletius.
• * 1.63

  Pareus. cap. de columella. Albicrasis lib. 2 Celsus lib. 6. Hipp. progn. 3. cap. 9.
• * 1.64

  Definition.
• * 1.65

  Cause.
• * 1.66

  Fucbius de medendis morbis.
• * 1.67

  Signes.
• * 1.68

  Iudgementes.
• * 1.69

  Cure
• * 1.70

  Andrew Scot.
• * 1.71

  Rondeletius de curandis mor∣bis.
• * 1.72

  Definition.
• * 1.73

  Paul. lib. 3. cap. 24.
• * 1.74

  Difference.
• * 1.75

  Aetius serm. 8. cap. 47.
• * 1.76

  Cause.
• * 1.77

  Signes.
• * 1.78

  Paul. Aegin. lib 3. cap. 27.
• * 1.79

  Iudgementes.
• * 1.80

  Cure.
• * 1.81

  Hip. 4. de victu in mo••bis acu∣tis & Paul. lib. alligato.
• * 1.82

  De metho. cu∣ram dor. mor∣borum. Rondeletius.
• * 1.83

  Definition.
• * 1.84

  Cause.
• * 1.85

  Signes.
• * 1.86

  Iudgementes.
• * 1.87

  Paul. lib. 3.
• * 1.88

  Cure.
• * 1.89

  Gol. de comp. medicam. Paul. lib. 3. cap. 26.
• * 1.90

  Definition.
• * 1.91

  Paul. lib. 3. cap. 26.
• * 1.92

  Cause.
• * 1.93

  Paul. lib. 3. cap. 26.
• * 1.94

  Cause.
• * 1.95

  Signes.
• * 1.96

  Cure.
• * 1.97

  Aetius serm. 8. cap. 37.
• * 1.98

  Definition.
• * 1.99

  Gal. 14. methca 11. Cel. lib. 5. ca. 25 Iohan. de vigo cap. de tumo∣ribus pituitosis
• * 1.100

  Cause.
• * 1.101

  Theodericus li 11. Gordon per¦tic 1.
• * 1.102

  Signes.
• * 1.103

  Iudgementes.
• * 1.104

  Baraia pallia.
• * 1.105

  Aetius & Leo∣nidas.
• * 1.106

  Cure.
• * 1.107

  Auicen.
• * 1.108

  Rondeletius de curundis mor∣bis.
• * 1.109

  Definition.
• * 1.110

  Paul. lib. 6. Difference.
• * 1.111

  Cause.
• * 1.112

  Signes.
• * 1.113

  Iudgementes.
• * 1.114

  Paul. cap. de hernia gutturis Rolandus lib. 3
• * 1.115

  Cure.
• * 1.116

  Definition.
• * 1.117

  Paul. lib. 6. cap. 30.
• * 1.118

  Cause.
• * 1.119

  Signes.
• * 1.120

  Gal. lib. tumo∣rum cap. 11.
• * 1.121

  Iudgments.
• * 1.122

  Paul. lib. 6.
• * 1.123

  Andrew Scot.
• * 1.124

  Definition.
• * 1.125

  Cause.
• * 1.126

  Signes.
• * 1.127

  Cure.
• * 1.128

  Definition.
• * 1.129

  Difference.
• * 1.130

  Paul. lib. 3. Gordon. partic. 4. Auicen. 13. cap. de pleurit.
• * 1.131

  Cause.
• * 1.132

  Aetius. serm. ••. cap. 68.
• * 1.133

  Signes.
• * 1.134

  Gal. 5. de locis affectis. cap. 3.
• * 1.135

  Iudgments.
• * 1.136

  Auicen. lib. 4.
• * 1.137

  Cure.
• * 1.138

  Definition.
• * 1.139

  Cause.
• * 1.140

  Signes.
• * 1.141

  Theodericus lib. 3.
• * 1.142

  Iudgments.
• * 1.143

  Cure.
• * 1.144

  Celsus. lib. 6. cap. 17.
• * 1.145

  Cap. de emi∣n••ntia vmbilici
• * 1.146

  Definition.
• * 1.147

  Gal. lib. 2· de facul. natura. et cap. 6. lib. 5. de locis affectis.
• * 1.148

  Difference.
• * 1.149

  Theodericus.
• * 1.150

  Gal. com. 2. aph Called drie hy∣dropsie by Hip.
• * 1.151

  Cause.
• * 1.152

  Theodericus partie. 6.
• * 1.153

  Signes.
• * 1.154

  Gal. de facul na. cap. 7. et 5. de locis affectis. et lib. 3. cap. 29 Alexander Trallianus. Hip. lib. 2. prognost. Gordonius pa••••▪
• * 1.155

  Cure.
• * 1.156

  Paul. lib. 3. cap. 48. & lib. 4. ca. 6.
• * 1.157

  Lib. de abditis morbor. causis.
• * 1.158

  Lib. 3. haly ab∣bas & Guido.
• * 1.159

  Definition.
• * 1.160

  Celsus. lib. 6. Paul. Aegin. cap. de condil. Fernelius lib 5. symp▪ et parti. morb Gordon partic. 5.
• * 1.161

  Cause.
• * 1.162

  Celsus. lib. 6.
• * 1.163

  Signes.
• * 1.164

  Cure.
• * 1.165

  Lib. 7. cap. 28.
• * 1.166

  Definition.
• * 1.167

  Symptom. morb. lib. 5.
• * 1.168

  Cause.
• * 1.169

  Signes.
• * 1.170

  Iudgementes.
• * 1.171

  Hip. 6. epid.
• * 1.172

  Cure
• * 1.173

  Finchius lib. 3 de medendis morbis. Baptista Mon∣••anus.
• * 1.174

  Poore man•• guide.
• * 1.175

  Montanus.
• * 1.176

  Definition.
• * 1.177

  Cause.
• * 1.178

  Signes.
• * 1.179

  Cure
• * 1.180

  Auicen. lib. 3. tract. 1.
• * 1.181

  Gal. de vsu part. et artis medicae cap. 9. Definition. Lamrancus tract. 3.
• * 1.182

  Cause.
• * 1.183

  Signes.
• * 1.184

  Iudgementes.
• * 1.185

  Cure.
• * 1.186

  Bartapallia.
• * 1.187

  Definition.
• * 1.188

  Gal. tumor. cap 17. Auic. 22. ca. 2. A••tius serm. 19 cap. 29.
• * 1.189

  Cause.
• * 1.190

  Signes.
• * 1.191

  Iudgementes.
• * 1.192

  Cure.
• * 1.193

  Diffinition.
• * 1.194

  Baccha. lib. 3. Paul. cap. de ra∣mi••e. Fanenrinus de medēdis mor. Pareus lib. 7.
• * 1.195

  Cause.
• * 1.196

  Signes.
• * 1.197

  Iudgments.
• * 1.198

  Cure.
• * 1.199

  Celsus.
• * 1.200

  Halyabbas Rogerius Theodoricus Albucrasis Brunnus and Rolandus.
• * 1.201

  Gordon. Paul. Leonellus. Fa∣uentinus & de Vigo.
• * 1.202

  Definition.
• * 1.203

  Cause.
• * 1.204

  Signes.
• * 1.205

  Cure.
• * 1.206

  Definition.
• * 1.207

  Celsus. lib. 5. Fuchius lib. 6. Albucra. lib. 1. Gal. lib. 3. de symptō. causis. cap. 2. Aetius serm. 19 cap. 22. De Vigo cap. de aquosa ra∣mice.
• * 1.208

  Cure.
• * 1.209

  Signes.
• * 1.210

  Iudgementes.
• * 1.211

  Bacchanellus lib. 3.
• * 1.212

  Cure.
• * 1.213

  Paul. lib. 6. Albucrasis li. ••.
• * 1.214

  Definition.
• * 1.215

  Cause.
• * 1.216

  Signes.
• * 1.217

  Iudgments.
• * 1.218

  Cure.
• * 1.219

  Definition.
• * 1.220

  Paul. lib. 6. Fa∣uentinus.
• * 1.221

  Cause.
• * 1.222

  Albucra. lib. 3. de Vigo. lib. 11.
• * 1.223

  Signes.
• * 1.224

  Guido. tract. 11.
• * 1.225

  Iudgments.
• * 1.226

  Cure.
• * 1.227

  De Vigo. lib. 2▪ Rolandus & Albucrasis de hernia carnosa. Arnoldus de villa noua de mala com∣plexione.
• * 1.228

  Definition.
• * 1.229

  Paulus. Baccha∣nellus.
• * 1.230

  Cause.
• * 1.231

  Gal. lib. de tu∣moribus.
• * 1.232

  Signes.
• * 1.233

  Iudgments.
• * 1.234

  Gordon Baccha¦nellus.
• * 1.235

  Cure.
• * 1.236

  Definition.
• * 1.237

  Rolandus.
• * 1.238

  Cause.
• * 1.239

  Signes.
• * 1.240

  Iudgmentes.
• * 1.241

  Cure.
• * 1.242

  Definition.
• * 1.243

  Gal. lib. 5 ca. tu¦mor 2. ad glan et 3. meth.
• * 1.244

  Cause.
• * 1.245

  Signes.
• * 1.246

  Iudgmentes.
• * 1.247

  Gal. 13. meth.
• * 1.248

  Cure.
• * 1.249

  Difinition.
• * 1.250

  Cause.
• * 1.251

  Gal. com. aph. 74. lib. 4. Paul. lib. 3. cap. 78▪
• * 1.252

  Signes.
• * 1.253

  Iudgments.
• * 1.254

  Cure.
• * 1.255

  Auïcen▪ Henri.
• * 1.256

  Definition.
• * 1.257

  Paul. lib. 6.
• * 1.258

  Cause.
• * 1.259

  Signes.
• * 1.260

  Iudgments.
• * 1.261

  Gordō. partic. ••
• * 1.262

  Cure
• * 1.263

  Rolandus. Paul. lib. 6. cap
• * 1.264

  Definition.
• * 1.265

  Aetius cap. vlti¦mo. Paul. Aegin. Auic. lib. 4. cap 21.
• * 1.266

  Cause.
• * 1.267

  Monard. lib. 7.
• * 1.268

  Signes.
• * 1.269

  Cure.
• * 1.270

  Definition.
• * 1.271

  Gordon. part. ••.
• * 1.272

  Cause.
• * 1.273

  Signes.
• * 1.274

  Iudgementes.
• * 1.275

  Cure
• * 1.276

  Definition.
• * 1.277

  Cause.
• * 1.278

  Signes.
• * 1.279

  Iudgementes.
• * 1.280

  Cure.
• * 1.281

  Petrus Bayrus in sua practa.
• * 1.282

  Definition.
• * 1.283

  Difference.
• * 1.284

  Cause.
• * 1.285

  Signes.
• * 1.286

  Cure
• * 1.287

  Petrus bayrus.