The consent of time disciphering the errors of the Grecians in their Olympiads, the vncertaine computation of the Romanes in their penteterydes and building of Rome, of the Persians in their accompt of Cyrus, and of the vanities of the Gentiles in fables of antiquities, disagreeing with the Hebrewes, and with the sacred histories in consent of time. VVherein is also set downe the beginning, continuance, succession, and ouerthrowes of kings, kingdomes, states, and gouernments. By Lodovvik Lloid Esquire.

CHAP. IIII.

Of the second conquest of Egypt by Alexander the great: of their kings afterward called Ptolomeis, vntill the time of Caesar Augustus, by whom all Egypt was last conquered, and made a Prouince subiect to the Romane Empire.

THe Egyptians (as you heard) hauing great warres, first with the Assyrians, and af∣ter by the Persians, vntill Cambyses time, * 1.1 by whom they were made to pay tribute vnto the Kings of Persia, vntill they wax∣ed strong againe that they reuoulted from the Persians in the time of Darius Nothus, vntill by many sharpe battailes they were againe by Ochus the eight king of Persia vanquished, who vsed in Egypt great crueltie, so that the later kings of Egypt * 1.2 were for eight and thirtie yeeres vnder the Persians: but after that the Persians were vanquished, and their Mo∣narchie taken from Persia into Macedonia, by Alexander the great, the Egyptians willingly yeelded themselues to Alexander, as to a second conquerour: hee vsed them with great clemencie, permitting them to haue their former liberties and lawes, appointed ouer them certaine Magi∣strates of the Grecians called Nomarchas, and ouer them two Superuisors called Episcopi, to see that none of the a∣foresaid Magistrates should claime more dignitie then was set downe by Alexander in a table: which the Romanes after∣ward kept, vsing the same order for a time as Alexander did.

It is written that the great Alexander had yeerely tribute paide vnto him during his life, the summe of sixe thousande * 1.3 talents: for Plutarch in the life of Agesilaus speaketh of a king named Tachus in Egypt, to whom Agesilaus came from Sparta: for Nectanabus was a nephew of king Tachus, and one of his chiefe captaines, who rebelled against the king: and being chosen by the Egyptians their king, he desired the aide of Age∣silaus, who ioyned with him being an olde souldier, hauing had in hand greater battels in Greece against Pelopidas and Epaminondas, then at that time with Nectanabus against Tachus.

Therefore Nectanabus committed all into the handes of * 1.4 Agesilaus, by whom the victorie fell to Nectanabus, & Tachus the king forced to flee. After this the affaires of this Nectana∣bus had good successe, and hee was quietly stablished in his kingdome by the meanes of Agesilaus king of Sparta, to whō * 1.5 Nectanabus gaue two hundred thirtie talents of siluer in rea∣die money, to defray the charges of his souldiers.

Thus Nectanabus reigned quietly in Egypt, though vnder Darius the last king of Persia Mezabes gouerned Egypt, who yeelded into the hands of Alexander the kingdome of Egypt, assoone as hee had heard that his master king Darius was slaine, and al Persia subdued by Alexander, who (as you heard before) possessed Egypt without warres, being yeelded of the state of Egypt. From the time of Alexander the great, vnto Iu∣lius * 1.6 Caesar, that is, from the Monarchie of the Grecians vnto the Romanes, is two hundred eightie two yeeres.

After the death of Alexander, his kingdomes were diuided chiefely betweene foure of his graund captaines, specially * 1.7 those kingdomes which were of the greatest fame and re∣nowne, as Macedonia to Cassander: Asia the lesser, to Antigo∣nus: Babylon and all Asia the great, to Saleuchus furnamed Ni∣canor: Egypt with the most part of Syria, to Ptolomei the sonne of Lagi. This was the first king of Egypt after Alexanders death, after whose names all the kings of Egypt, vntill Iulius Caesars time were called Ptolomei.

This king grewe great and mightie in Egypt, and beganne strongly vpon the next nations vnto him to make warre, and brought diuers subiects vnder the Empire of Egypt, whose good successe in the beginning Perdiccas began to enuy. This * 1.8 Perdiccas was the chiefe gouernor of Macedonia, and as it were left a tutour ouer Arideus the base brother of Alexander the great, to whom by common consent the kingdome of Mace∣donia was appointed. Perdiccas supposing to keepe Egypt sub∣iect * 1.9 to Macedonia, and to bridle the insolencie which he sawe in Ptolomei, he leauied a great armie of souldiers, made a voi∣age into Egypt: against whose comming, Ptolomie with al cele∣ritie gathered his army, and gaue him battel, wherein Perdic∣cas was slaine, and his whole company ouerthrowen.

Vpon this ouerthrowe of Perdiccas, Ptolomei king of Egypt * 1.10 waxed insolent of the victorie, entred into Syria, & by strong hand brought Syria vnder Egypt: after hee went to Ierusalem, he plagued the citizēs, wasted, spoiled, & brought diuers out of Iudea captiues into Egypt. Of this king the Prophet Daniel spake in this sort, The king of the South shalbe mightie, and his do∣minion * 1.11 shalbe great: reade more in Daniel of this. Antigonus be∣ing * 1.12 aduertised of Ptolomeis great victories, howe he had van∣quished Perdiccas & subdued Syria, sent his sonne Demetrius, a young man of 22. yeeres, and the first time that he tooke the charge of a General in hand, and that against an old souldier of the great Alexander, trained vp in discipline of warres al∣waies. Demetrius was put to flight, 5000. of his men slaine, and almost eight thousand taken by the Citie of Gaza.

Antigonus hearing howe his sonne was ouerthrowen said, that this Ptolomei ouerthrew beardles men, & said further, he should fight with bearded men. And it came to passe that De∣metrius being before put to flight, was not quiet before he re∣quited the last foile by the king of Egypt receiued, with the * 1.13 like ouerthrow: wherein Demetrius had the victorie of Ptolo∣mei and of his army, which victorie did put Ptolomei out of al Syria, and brought Antigonus in againe. By this time, Seleucus whō Antigonus had driuen out of Babylon before, came againe and entred into Babylon.

Cassander likewise fearing that young Hercules the sonne * 1.14 of Alexander the great, being nowe of fourteene yeeres of age, should be by the Macedonians so fauoured for his fa∣thers sake, that hee should be king in Macedonia: therefore hee secretly commaunded, that both Hercules, and his mo∣ther Arsine should be murthered: yet Cassander was not * 1.15 quiet, vntill hee practised the like murther against Olympias Alexanders mother, and against Roxana Alexanders wife.

Antigonus and his sonne Demetrius, were much enuied for their victories this time, in so much that all these kings after Alexanders death destroyed one another with con∣tinuall warres, Lysimacus was slaine by Seleucus, Seleucus was slaine by Ptolomei, whose sister was maried to Lysimachus. Polibeus writeth, that in the hundred twentie fourth Olym∣piad, * 1.16 Ptolomie Lagi king of Egypt, Seleuchus Nicanor king of Sy∣ria, Lysimachus king of Thracia, and Ptolomei Cerannon bro∣ther to Philadelphus, chiefe souldiers vnder Alexander the great, were slaine one of another.

Thus Ptolomei the sonne of Lagi, after hee had conque∣red Perdiccas, ouerthrewe Demetrius, subdued Syria, and the most part of Iudea, when hee reigned fourttie yeeres, died: during which time Demetrius Phalerius ruled Athens vnder Cassander: and Demetrius surnamed Poliorcetes, de∣stroyed a Citie in Samaria, which Perdiccas builded.

This time the people of Alexandria sent to entreate for the Romanes friendshippe to aide them, if neede re∣quired: This was the first request made to the Romanes, by * 1.17 the Citizens of Alexandria in Egypt: for the Romanes be∣ganne to bee strong, and they of Alexandria perceiuing the great warres and tyrannie that was in all partes of the worlde at that time: And also hauing seene within Egypt more blood in the time of one Ptolomei, then in twentie Pha∣raos: for then Egypt had nothing to doe but to builde Pi∣ramides, and to make Labirinths, monstrous and neede∣lesse monuments, but nowe sworde and fire came into Egypt.

In the time of this king florished Theophrastus, a famous Philosopher, one of Aristotles schollers, and Menedemus ano∣ther Philosopher: in the same time liued Menander the Tra∣gedian, Atheneus the Historian, and Demetrius Phalerius. In Egypt succeeded after Ptolome Lagi his sonne Philadelphus, a learned prince, and a great fauourer of learned men: this * 1.18 king was iust, discreete, and gentle, bent more to mainteine peace, then to procure warres, and therefore so beloued of his people, and hee to them againe so louing, that during his whole gouernment, which was thirtie eight yeeres, the Egyptians liued quietly without trouble or warres, where be∣fore, * 1.19 Egypt for a thousand foure hundred yeeres was brought vp vnder blind priests, idolatrous superstition, giuen to all errours, onely acquainted with the Egyptian tongue.

Now Philadelphus with greater care and zeale of his coun∣trie, then any of his predecessours had before, kept with him diuers and sundrie learned men, as Aratus, Callimachus, Apollo∣nius, * 1.20 Theocritus, Hipparchus the Mathematician, and Demetri∣us Phalerius the Philosopher, which at that time was bani∣shed from Athens, and receiued in Egypt. Philadelphus a pru∣dent * 1.21 and a learned prince, and cōuersant with learned men, * 1.22 knewe well that the Iewes religion, their lawes, their maners, and their seruice of God, did farre excell all the nations of the world: he sent great presents and giftes to Eleazr the hie Priest then being at Ierusalem, entreating him to send lear∣ned men of the Hebrewes that coulde translate the bookes of Moses and the Prophets into the Greeke tongue, that Egypt might be acquainted with the worde of God aswell as Iuda: to whom Eleazar sent seuentie two learned men to inter∣prete, and to translate the Bible.

After this, hee prouided in Alexandria such a famous * 1.23 Librarie to the common vse of learned men, as farre excel∣led all other Libraries: And (as Melancthon sayth) hee cau∣sed many other thinges to bee translated into the Greeke tongue: hee restored the poore Iewes that dwelt captiues in Egypt into libertie: hee sent for learned men into all Regi∣ons,

hee honourably mainteined them and louingly vsed them, that Egypt florished with sound doctrine and vertuous men: for euen then Iesus the sonne of Sirach, gathered in E∣gypt * 1.24 together many wise sentences and godly speaches, ma∣ny learned and vertuous lessons, which his graundfather be∣fore had written in Ierusalem, which hee nowe augmented with care and diligence; and compiled in a booke which is reserued in the Church to great vse.

This king excelled all the Pharaos before him, and all the Ptolomeis after him, and during his reigne he studied to main∣teine peace, and to auoide warre, and therefore bestowed his daughter Berenices to Antiochus surnamed Theos, who offe∣red diuers iniuries to mooue warres against Egypt: but while Philadelphus liued, Egypt prospered & florished with all good successe, but after that Philadelphus died, his sonne Ptolomei * 1.25 Euergetes reigned twentie sixe yeeres, of whom Daniel saide, that the kings daughter of the South which was Berenices, Philadelphus daughter, and this king Euergetes sister shoulde come to the king of the North to make agreement: but Daniel saide it shoulde not continue, for shee shoulde bee * 1.26 deliuered to death, and out of the budde of her rootes shall one stande vp named Euergetes, and shall enter with an armie into the fortresse of the king of the North, which is called Antiochus Theos, and doe what hee list, and shall preuaile.

Hee plagued the Syrians and reuenged Berenices his sister with diuers victories: for hee caried captiues into Egypt their goddes, with their moulten images, and their pre∣cious vessels of siluer and golde: for after Seleucus had lost his Nauies by a tempest on the sea, hee geathered an ar∣mie by lande, and gaue battaile to Ptolomei, but the like misfortune fell then vnto him, and the victorie happened to Ptolomei: for hee was driuen to flee to Antiochia, and from thence to craue his brother Antiochus helpe, which then gouerned Cicilia. Ptolomei hearing of these newes, concluded a peace with Seleucus, and returned into Egypt,

after he had fully requited his sisters death vpon the Syrians.

During Euergetes reigne, the Parthians beganne their king∣dome, who were all named Arsaces, as nowe the kings of E∣gypt were called Ptolomei: this time the warres of Africke be∣ganne betweene the Carthagineans and the Numidians: at that time Amilcar was sent captaine generall into Spaine for Carthage: in this Euergetes time certeine enterludes were ap∣pointed by the oracle of Sibilla, in Rome named Floralia the * 1.27 fourth kalends of May, in the honour of the goddesse Flora for faire weather, and fruites of the earth, like vnto the feast named Rubigalia, which Numa Pompilius instituted the se∣uenth kalends of May in Rome,

After this Ptolomei Euergetes had reigned twentie sixe yeres * 1.28 he died, whom succeeded his sonne Ptolomei surnamed Philo∣pater a cruell beast and not a king, but a monstrous tyrant, a murtherer, both of his wife and his sister Euridices, whose fil∣thy and lewde life is better to passe with silence, then to ex∣presse in writing, of whome Iustine saide, Noctes in stupris, dies in conuiuijs consumsit, letting his strumpet Agathocles and her mother Euanthea to rule and gouerne Egypt as plea∣sed them: for none might lesse commaunde in Egypt then * 1.29 the king, nor none might doe more in Egypt then women: for nothing delighted Philopator, but women and daun∣cing, and whatsoeuer Agathocles would, that also Philopator would.

Against this king, Antiochus the great king of Asia and Syria, came towarde Egypt, and beganne to take and spoile those Cities of Syria, which held with Philopator the king * 1.30 of Egypt. Antiochus comming forwarde towarde Egypt, Ptolomei Philopator mette him, and gaue him battell at Ra∣phia, a Towne in the Confines of Palestina, where Antio∣chus the great was ouerthrowen and put to flight, and * 1.31 forced to intreate for peace at Philopators hande, and so Philopator king of Egypt gotte the victorie ouer Antiochus, and recouered those Townes of Syria which Antiochus had woonne before.

This victorie was well gotten, but not well vsed, for Philopator was so puffed vp with pride and insolencie, that * 1.32 hee thought hauing ouerthrowen Antiochus the great, hee might well also ouerthrowe IEHOVAH the great, entred Ierusalem, spoyled the Temple, slue the Citizens, and made hauocke of Gods people, some to bee deuou∣red of beastes, and some to bee quartered by men. Reade the Machabees further of this, but specially reade the ele∣uenth * 1.33 of Daniel, where the whole historie of the kings of Syria and Asia, of Egypt, of Persia, of Greece, and of the Romanes are before spoken by the Prophet.

There it said was by Daniel, that Antiochus and all his armie should be deliuered into the handes of Philopator, and after that victorie, it was by the Prophete saide, that * 1.34 Philopator shoulde waxe arrogant and proude, and that he shoulde contemne and blaspheme the Lorde of Israel, and the God of Iacob, that hee shoulde prophane the Temple, destroy the people, and in his furie excell in tyrannie, but at length hee shoulde not preuaile: for hee was poy∣soned, and so died after his most wicked and incestuous life, leauing behinde him a sonne by his sister Euridi∣ces, of fiue yeeres olde, when hee had reigned seuenteene yeeres.

I passe briefely these Histories of Egypt, for that in the * 1.35 historie of the kings of Syria and Asia, the kings of Egypt are likewise spoken of, and in the Machabees also you may reade further of this Antiochus: for since the death of Alexander the great, the kings of Syria and Asia could not agree with the kings of Egypt, vntill the last destruction of both the king∣domes by the Romanes, and therefore assoone as euer Phi∣lopator died, Antiochus streight againe sought to inuade Egypt, vnderstanding this Ptolomei Epiphanes, the sonne and heire of Philopator was young, and not able to resist * 1.36 so great a King, hee entred into Phoenicia, and into other partes of Syria, which yet liued subiect vnder the king of Egypt.

They of Alexandria sent to Rome to the Senators for ayde against Antiochus, and against Philippe king of Macedonia: for both these two kings affected the kingdome. Ambassadors were sent from the Senators vnto Antiochus, willing him to auoyde out of Egypt, and not to doe iniurie to the yong king. This messenger was litle esteemed of Antiochus, and there∣fore * 1.37 the Senators pronounced him an enemie of the Ro∣manes. Antiochus being aduertised of this, agreed with Ptolo∣mey Epiphanes, and gaue him Cleopatra his daughter in mari∣age, supposing thereby the easier to get the kingdome of E∣gypt: hee gaue Coelosyria, Iudea, Samaria, and Phoenicia with his * 1.38 daughter to Epiphanes, but he was deceiued and mist his pur∣pose. For he was preuented by the Romanes, and kept off from Egypt: hee was ouerthrowen and vanquished at Thermopila by Attilius and Glabrio, Romane Consuls, and the next yeere after, he was quite driuen out of Syria and Asia, by Lucius Cor∣nelius Scipio, at the citie of Magnesia.

Of this Antiochus the great, and of his sonne Antiochus Epi∣phanes another monster, Daniel before shewed their tyranny: for during the time of these two kings, Antiochus Epiphanes * 1.39 king of Syria, and Ptolomey Epiphanes king of Egypt, the Iewes were most miserably afflicted. Reade Iosephus, how also the Samaritanes molested them, and sore vexed them. And for that I spake of these kings before in the history of Assyria, I will briefly runne ouer the rest of these kings. Now after that Ptolomey Epiphanes had raigned 24. yeeres, hee died, lea∣uing two sonnes behinde him, the elder called Philometor, * 1.40 the yonger called Phiscon: the elder brother raigned king in Egypt 35. yeeres, of whom his vncle Antiochus Epiphanes, a subtile king, vnder the pretence of loue and care of his ne∣phew, became his ouerseer and tutour, rather aspiring the kingdome then respecting the king, for hee furnished Egypt with men of armes, hauing the strongest townes of Egypt in his owne hand, as Pelusium and others.

The king being yet yong, idle, slow, and of no courage, ad∣dicted to all filthie vices, without respect of himselfe or of

his kingdome, fled to his brother Phiscon to Alexandria, where both were besieged by Antiochus, vntill Popilius the Romane was sent from the Senators of Rome to commaunde Antio∣chus out of Egypt, without further delay, which hee was con∣strained to obey, though he did much harme before his de∣parture out of Egypt.

Philometor hauing recouered his kingdome into his hand, and the Romanes to be his friends, to auoyde further braules, and to stablish himselfe strong in Egypt, he maried his daugh∣ter Cleopatra to Alexander, who had then obtained the king∣dome of Syria: but this friendship continued not long: for Demetrius Nicanor, the sonne of that Demetrius vanquished by Alexander, came to Syria, got certaine townes into his handes, appointed Apollonius captaine of Coelosyria, who tru∣sting * 1.41 too much to himselfe, was quickly vanquished by Iona∣thas. Philometor vnderstanding of these warres in Syria, be∣tweene his sonne in law Alexander and Demetrius, he also ha∣sted with an armie to Syria, thought to preuent both, and to haue Syria with Egypt: he tooke his daughter Cleopatra away from Alexander, and gaue her to Demetrius, and both wicked∣ly and falsly dealt with his sonne in law.

But Demetrius had Syria, and Alexander was slaine by Zab∣diel the king of Arabia, and his head sent to Ptolomey Philome∣tor to Egypt, who then was king both of Egypt and Syria but for three dayes: for within three dayes after Alexander was * 1.42 slaine in Arabia, Philometor died in Egypt, and Demetrius Nica∣nor was receiued king into Syria. This time gouerned in Ieru∣salem prince Iannaeus the last gouernour of Iudea of the house of Dauid: he with many battels discomfited the Arabians.

In Parthia raigned now Mithridates the fift king, and in Ma∣cedonia raigned Perseus the last king. In Philometors dayes, A∣riarathes king of Thracia sought the Romanes fauour, and made a league of peace with them. Aristobulus a Iewe borne a great * 1.43 Philosopher of the sect of the Peripatetiks, expounded the bookes of Moses to Ptolomey Philopator. In the beginning of this kings raigne, died two of the most famous warriours of

the world, Scipio Affricanus the Romane, and Hannibal the Car∣thaginian. It is supposed that they both died in one yeere, and both banished from their countreis.

But to Egypt againe. After Philometor, raigned Ptolomey E∣uergetes * 1.44 the second of that name, and (as Functius saith) sirna∣med Phiscon, for the deformitie of his body: but others, as Manethon and Iustine, say, that this Euergetes was the seuenth king of Egypt, and that Phiscon was the eight king. It is not * 1.45 much material, and therefore I will follow Functius, who set∣teth downe in his table this Phiscon by the name of Euergetes; whom Epiphanius called Philologon: he raigned 29 yeres king of Egypt, a monstrous and incestuous beast, farre passing all other his predecessours in filthie wickednesse: he was not so foule in the shape of his body, as he was filthy in his minde: for he kept his owne sister, of whom he got a daughter, and * 1.46 after with that daughter borne of his sister, committed abo∣minable incest. He muthered his owne children, and cut * 1.47 them in small pieces, and made his wife their owne naturall mother to eate them: but he had the reward due for such of∣fences: he was thrust out of his kingdome, and died a bani∣shed slaue, hated and abhorred of all men.

After Phiscon was banished, raigned his brother Ptolomey sirnamed Alexander, as Melancthon saith: but Alexander raig∣ned not long, but was likewise banished as his brother was. Then succeeded in Egypt Ptolomey Lathurus, who in the 3. yere of Alexander king of Iuda, was expelled out of his owne king∣dom by his mother Cleopatra, who fauoring more her yonger * 1.48 sonne named Alexander, intended to make him king of Egypt: she taking Lathurus wife, maried her vnto Alexāder, yet he mi∣strusting the great cruelty which he saw in his mother, fled se∣cretly, letting the gouernment to his mother and to his wife. This Cleopatra after that both her sonnes were thus banished, raigned 10. yeres. Ptolomey Lathurus being now in Cyprus and sent for by the citizens of Ptolomais to defend them from A∣lexander king of Iuda, which hearing of Lathurus cōming, left his purpose, raised his siege, & returned to Ierusalem, fearing

the great armie of Ptolomey, who had thirtie thousande in the fielde. The citizens of Ptolomais when Alexander de∣parted, changed their purpose, and kept Lathurus out of the * 1.49 towne, whereby he was thus mooued to send some of his ar∣mie to oppresse Iudea, some to lay new siege againe to Ptolo∣mais. Alexander being aduertised that Lathurus with al his ar∣mie spoyled and wasted his kingdome, he returned and met at the flood of Iordan, where Lathurus gaue a very great ouer∣throw to the king of Iuda, and (as Iosephus writeth) thirtie * 1.50 thousand Iewes were slaine.

The calamities of the Iewes were such, that they were com∣pelled by the king of Egypt to feede vpon the dead carcases, and bodies of their friendes and countreymen, at what time many godly men of the Iewes were present, beholding this myserie, as Simeon, Zacarias and others. Beside this calami∣tie, * 1.51 at what time the contention grew hote in Iuda betweene Aristobulus, Antigonus, and Alexander Ianneus: the Iewes at that time were so plagued, that Alexander sent for ayde vnto E∣gypt to Cleopatra: for Iustine writeth, that Cleopatra vsed Alex∣ander her sonne too familiarly, and that her great abomina∣tion was knowen in Egypt.

And therefore Ptolomey Lathurus was sent for by his owne subiects to come into Egypt, for that the Queene Cleopatra * 1.52 his mother who had banished him from Egypt, practised ty∣rannie and all kinde of crueltie in Egypt, where hee raigned 8. yeeres. After Lathurus, raigned in Egypt Ptolomey Auletes, father to the last Cleopatra, some say her brother, which was * 1.53 Marcus Antonius friende: this king liued at Rome vntill such time as he was restored by Gabinius into his kingdome of E∣gypt, at the commandement of the Senators. This Auletes is named by Eusebius and Epiphanius, Dionysius.

This king for some certaine offences and discords done to his subiects, departed from Alexandria, and sailed towards Rome, hoping that Caesar or Pompey would restore him to his kingdome: and being desirous to see Cato, trauailed vnto him where he was occupied: and opening the cause of his

comming to Rome, sought therein Catoes counsell, who tolde * 1.54 him how he should finde Rome vnsatiable, and that if Egypt were conuerted into siluer, it would not suffice the Magi∣strates of Rome: which saying of Cato Ptolomey found to bee true: for after long being at Rome, hauing fully satisfied the Senators and other magistrates, he was sent by the Sena∣tors, and specially by Pompey, with one Gabinius to be restored to his kingdome againe, where he raigned thirtie yeeres. Af∣ter * 1.55 whom succeeded his sonne Ptolomey Dionysius, vnto whom Pompey the great fled from the battaile at Pharsalia, hoping to haue some helpe for the friendship shewed to his father, as you heard before.

But there Pompey was slaine by the kings commaunde∣ment, * 1.56 and his head sent to Caesar, and also when Iulius Caesar came after, the like sauce was prepared for him: but Caesar preuented it, ouerthrewe him, and put him to flight, in the which flight the king thinking to escape Caesars hand, entred * 1.57 into a cocke boate, and was drowned amongst the rest for company. The kingdome of Egypt was giuen by Caesar vnto Cleopatra, Dionysius sister, who raigned vntil the twelfth yeere of Augustus Caesar, at what time she willingly died to accom∣pany her louing friend Marcus Antonius: shee was the last of the line of Ptolomeis, and the last Queene of Egypt: for after * 1.58 Cleopatra, Egypt was made a prouince vnder the Romanes by Augustus Caesar, at what time Augustus Caesar commaunded his lawes and decrees, which himselfe caused to be engraued on a pillar of brasse, and to be set vp in Alexandria for the Egyp∣tians * 1.59 now made subiect to the Romanes, to be gouerned by, in like sort, as Alexander the great, the second conquerour before Caesar had done the like, appointing officers and ma∣gistrates, chiefe rulers, named Nomarchas, and two ouer∣seers Episcopi.

Of this Manethon tooke no notice, and therefore Iose∣phus taunted him in his second booke Contra Appionem, that hee had the heart of an asse, and the impudencie of a dogge, to make Egypt, which was three seuerall times con∣quered,

first by Cambyses, secondly by the great Alexander, and last by Caesar, equal to the Hebrewes which endured the force, and saw the last destruction of Assur, and Pharao. Thus Egypt was the thirde time conquered by Iulius Caesar, and by his nephewe Augustus Caesar, and these many kings of the names of Ptolomeis raigned in Egypt from Alexander the great vntill the 12. yeere of Augustus Caesar.

1	Ptolomey Lagi raigned	40. yeeres.
2	Ptolomey Philadelphus, raigned	38.
3	Ptolomey Euergetes, raigned	26.
4	Ptolomey Philopator, raigned	17.
5	Ptolomey Epiphanes, raigned	24.
6	Ptolomey Philometor, raigned	35.
7	Ptolomey Euergetes, the second of that name, raigned
8	Ptolomey Phiscon, raigned	29.
9	Ptolomey Lathurus raigned	17.
10	Ptolomey Alexander, cum Matre Cleo∣patra, raigned	10.
11	Ptolomey Auletes, raigned	30.
12	Ptolomey Dionysius raigned
13	Cleopatra Auletes daughter, some say his sister, raigned	14.

Notes

• * 1.1

  Cambyses.
• * 1.2

  Melancth. lib. 4
• * 1.3

  Melancth. lib. 2. Chron.
• * 1.4

  Nectanabus.
• * 1.5

  Agesilaus.
• * 1.6

  Diodo. lib. 18.
• * 1.7

  The king∣domes of A∣lexander diui∣ded.
• * 1.8

  Functius lib. 3.
• * 1.9

  Diodo. lib. 18.
• * 1.10

  Iosephus lib. 12. cap. 1.
• * 1.11

  Daniel cap. 11.
• * 1.12

  Ptolomeis vi∣ctories ouer Demetrius.
• * 1.13

  Ptolomei ouer∣throwen by Demetrius.
• * 1.14

  Iustine lib. 15.
• * 1.15

  The tyranny of Cassander.
• * 1.16

  Polibeus lib. 2.
• * 1.17

  The Romanes were of all na∣tions feared.
• * 1.18

  The praise of Ptolomei Phi∣ladel.
• * 1.19

  Functius lib. 3. Coment.
• * 1.20

  Melancth. lib. 2.
• * 1.21

  Diodo. lib. 1.
• * 1.22

  Philadelphus the onely king of all the Pto∣lomeis.
• * 1.23

  Iosephus lib. 12. Cap. 2.
• * 1.24

  Sirach and his sonne.
• * 1.25

  Ptolomei Euer∣getes 3. king of Egypt.
• * 1.26

  Daniel cap. 11.
• * 1.27

  Floralia. Rubigalia. These feastes are set foorth in my dyall of dayes.
• * 1.28

  Plini lib. 18. cap. 29. Plutarch 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Numa. Ptolomei Thilo∣pator 4. king of Egypt.
• * 1.29

  Iustine lib. 29.
• * 1.30

  Functius lib. 3.
• * 1.31

  Antiochus the great.
• * 1.32

  Iustine lib. 3.
• * 1.33

  Machabees. Daniel cap. 4.
• * 1.34

  Tyrants were euer warned.
• * 1.35

  Polibeus lib. 5.
• * 1.36

  Ptolo. Epipha∣nes 5. king of Egypt.
• * 1.37

  Functius lib. 3. Comment.
• * 1.38

  Melancthon lib. 2. Chron.
• * 1.39

  I•…•…sephus lib. 12. cap. 13.
• * 1.40

  Philometor the sixt king of Egypt.
• * 1.41

  Functius lib. 3. Comment.
• * 1.42

  Melancton lib. 2.
• * 1.43

  Aristobulus a Philosopher.
• * 1.44

  Ptolomey Euer∣getes the 7. king.
• * 1.45

  Ptolomey Phis∣con the 8. king.
• * 1.46

  Functius lib. 3. Comment.
• * 1.47

  Iustine lib. 38.
• * 1.48

  Cleopatra Queene of Egypt.
• * 1.49

  Iosephus lib. 13.
• * 1.50

  30000. Iewes slaine by La∣thurus.
• * 1.51

  Simeon. Zacharias.
• * 1.52

  Ptolomey La∣thurus the 10. king.
• * 1.53

  Ptolomey Au∣letes the 11. king.
• * 1.54

  Catos saying of Rome.
• * 1.55

  Ptolomey Dio∣nysius the 12. king of Egypt.
• * 1.56

  Strabo lib. 17.
• * 1.57

  Melancthon lib. 2.
• * 1.58

  Cleopatra.
• * 1.59

  Augustus lawes in Alexandria.