The consent of time disciphering the errors of the Grecians in their Olympiads, the vncertaine computation of the Romanes in their penteterydes and building of Rome, of the Persians in their accompt of Cyrus, and of the vanities of the Gentiles in fables of antiquities, disagreeing with the Hebrewes, and with the sacred histories in consent of time. VVherein is also set downe the beginning, continuance, succession, and ouerthrowes of kings, kingdomes, states, and gouernments. By Lodovvik Lloid Esquire.

CHAP. II.

Of the gouernment, lawes and orders of Rome after Numa Pompi∣lius time, vntill the ende of Tarquinius the proude, the last king of Rome: of their warres & victories during this time ouer their neighbours about them: of the enlargement of the citie of Rome, and of their territories: and last of the banishment of their kings.

AFter this Numa succeeded Tullus Hosti∣lius borne in the towne of Medullia, the * 1.1 thirde king of the Romanes, a man of cleane contrary disposition to Numa: this followed the nature of his grandfa∣ther Hostilius Tullus, a deare and a sure friend of Romulus, of whom by his ser∣uice * 1.2 against the Sabines and others, hee well deserued to be esteemed: this was the first in Rome that ware a garland of oken leaues, in token and proofe of his vi∣ctorie against the Fidenats. Such one was this Tullus, more bent farre to warre then to peace, readie to take any quarrell in hande to defende the citie, which happened vnto him as soone as hee had entred into his kingdome: for C. Cluilius chiefe gouernour of the Albanes much enuying the good suc∣cesse of Rome, permitted the Albanes to robbe, to spoile, and to waste the territories of Rome, most desirous of warres against the Romans: but before he could do any exploit, he was found dead in his tent.

After him succeeded in his place Metius Suffetius, which * 1.3 likewise vsurped & folowed his predecessour. Cluilius among all the iniuries against Tullus Hostilius, against his faith and promise to the Romane Empire, who in right of blood were kings of the Albanes, and to whom they then ought by law of armes to haue payed tribute: but M. Suffetius had the like end as Cluilius had. Reade the whole history in Dion. Halicarnassus * 1.4

of this king. Now Tullus hauing this occasion offred to him by the Albanes, he waged warres against the Veients, and Fide∣nats, and gaue them such sharpe battels, that after he had con∣quered * 1.5 them & triumphed ouer them, he also in like sort wēt against the Albanes, ouerthrew them, & tooke their city, which was builded in Aeneas time by his sonne Ascanius, named Alba longa, which had florished 487. yeres, brought the people cap∣tiue to Rome after much slaughter, so that by the ruine and spoile of the Albanes, the Romans glory increased, & their king∣dom * 1.6 was enlarged, for that the Latins were the first stocke of the Romanes from whence they had their first beginning and ofspring.

A history worth the reading is written in Halicanassaeus, how Tullus king of the Romanes, and Suffetius gouernour of the Al∣banes, * 1.7 consented to auoyd great slaughter and much effusion of blood which should happen to both parties if their armies would enter into battel, to cōmit the battel to three men cho∣sen of either parties, 3. of the Romans and 3 of the Albanes, and where the victory shal happen, there the other partie should yeeld. The king Tullus brought into the field 3. men that were brethren, the sonnes of Horatius a noble Romane. Suffetius like∣wise * 1.8 broght into the field 3. brethren the sonnes of Curiatius: * 1.9 these 3. Albane brethren were cousine germaines to the 3. Ro∣mane brethren. These sixe men after they had sacrificed vnto their gods, and had taken leaue of their parents & friends, they entred the battel, and after a long & doutful combate betwixt both parties, the Romans conquered the Albanes, and so by law of armes Alba longa their chiefe citie, and all the kingdome of * 1.10 Albania was made subiect to the Romanes, though still they re∣belled and held out against the Romans many battels & sundry euents of warres, vntil Tul. Hostilius did fully conquer them in the 28. Olympiad, at what time mount Coelius was adioyned to Rome, and made habitable by the king, and there Tullus the king kept his court.

Now as soone as the Albanes were conquered, the Sabines * 1.11 againe waged warres against the Romans, and were vāquished in the battell of Malicusa. After that Tullus Hostilius had con∣quered

Alba longa, which was distant 12. miles frō the citie of * 1.12 Rome, then Veiena and Fidena, the one 6. miles, the other 18. miles distant from Rome, & had enlarged the citie with these * 1.13 confines and territories more then Romulus did, he was striken with lightning, that both hee, his wife, and all his house were burnt, when he had raigned 32. yeres, in the 35. Olymp. When this king raigned in Rome, Zaleucus gouerned the Locresiās, who for his law making, & law keeping, is much mentioned in hi∣stories: * 1.14 for in that law against adulterie his owne sonne first offending should haue lost both his eyes, but his nobles made great intercessiō for the kings sonne: the king to satisfie their requests, shewing himselfe a naturall father to his sonne, and a * 1.15 iust king to his people, caused one of his sonnes eyes, and an∣other of his owne eyes to be taken out, to performe the lawe which he made.

In the time of Tul. Hostilius, Manasses king of Iuda was con∣uerted vnto his God, and thereby restored to his kingdome when he expelled idolatry, and serued God the rest of his life. In Chaldea raigned Nabuchodonosor the father of the great Na∣buchodonosor, and in Media Phaortes the 6. king of the Medes. Du∣ring the time of this king in Rome, raigned in Lydia Ardis their 6. king: and in Macedonia Philip their 6. king also: for the Medes, the Macedonians, the Lydians and the Romanes began their Em∣pires within 60. yeres together.

Tullus Hostilius the third king appointed two Quaestors, as it * 1.16 were two Treasurers, to sease by the pole euery citizen of Rome, to leauie and to keepe the same money to the vse of the citie: he created also 2. Iudges which were called Duum viri: these should determine causes for life and death. In like sort of Ancus Martius with his lawes, Tarquinius Priscus and his de∣crees, you may reade in Pomp. Laetus and Fenestella.

Euen so Seruius Tullus the 6. king of Rome, perceiuing that the Senators had more to doe then they could well accom∣plish, especially in priuat causes of the citie, he instituted two * 1.17 men called Censors, to record and to write the nomber of all men in seruice, to take view of such offenders within the ci∣tie, and to punish crimes and offences: and if any Senators

should not execute iustice, he should be depriued out of the Senate. If any of the magistrats created by Romulus should not imitate and liue within the lawe of Romulus, they should be by the Censors punished. If any of the religious officers and the priests which Numa instituted, should transgresse the lawe of Numa, he should also by these Censors be reformed: this office cōtinued 5. yeres, and vpon the fift yere new Cen∣sors * 1.18 were made: this was called Lustrū, at what time althe citie * 1.19 was visited, all faults opened vnto them, and all iniuries done reformed by them, as C. Fabritius being Censor, remoued frō the Senate P. Cornelius Ruffinus, for the expences of 10. pound more then was allowed by these Censors: and so M. Cato ba∣nished * 1.20 C. Flaminius brother from the Senators, for the fauou∣ring of a prisoner at the request of a woman. The auctoritie of those Censors were such, as might reforme all things by law.

The old Romanes vsed to accompt their actions, & to nom∣ber their yeeres euery fift yeere which they called Lustrum, as * 1.21 the Greciās vsed to nomber the yeres by their Olympiad, which the Greekes named Penterides. This office of Censors conti∣nued for a time in Rome, being renued euery fift yeere, which was a great day in Rome, and appointed by Seruius Tullus the * 1.22 sixt king of Rome, and endured vntil Vespatian the Emperours time, the last conquerour of Ierusalem 650. yeeres: yet I reade not but of 75. Lustrums which is 360 yeres. For Eutropius saith, that both Lustrum and the Olympiad, endured no longer then * 1.23 Sillas time. But yet compted vntil Constantines time.

Tarquinius the proud appointed 3. men to keepe the Sibillas books, after they were augmented from 3. to 10. and at last frō 10. to 15. These were chosen out aswel of the Patricians, as of the vulgar people: they should once a yere in the moneth of Februarie reade these bookes, and after they should see the bookes safelie kept vntil Februarie againe.

Now after that Tullus died, succeeded in Rome Anc. Martius * 1.24 the 4. king, one in nature like vnto his grandfather Numa Pom∣pilius, and one that in the beginning of his gouernment imita∣ted Numa in all points, commanding the people to obserue the lawes and ceremonies of his grandfather, thinking therby

to haue the like successe of quietnes and peace, commaunded Numas lawes to be written in tables, and be set on postes and pillars in the market place, studied diligently to keepe his peo∣ple * 1.25 in peace, & thoght to liue quietly with that litle territorie that then the city of Rome gouerned. But it happened other∣wise: for scant he had established himselfe in his kingdom, whē the Latins vnder their gouernour there, waged warres against the Romans, and brought an army to the very towne of Medul∣lia, which they tooke, and possest for 3. yeres in spite of Ancus Martius. Now this king was forced to forsake Numa, which liued in peace, and to folow Tullus his predecessor in warres, and therefore he altered his minde, and gathered force toge∣ther, * 1.26 and began stoutly to answere the Latins, and to giue them so many battels, that he destroyed, vanquished, and wan their chiefe cities, as Politoriū, Telena, Ficania, and diuers others: he recouered Medullia, & gaue diuers ouerthrowes to the Latins: * 1.27 then straight he was much troubled with the Sabines and Fi∣denats, the Veients, and the Volscanes: these people euer warred against the kings of Rome: for yet Rome was not come to any greatnes. But when they had quite conquered the Sabines, La∣tines, Veients, Volscanes, Fidenats, and other nations next vnto * 1.28 them, which oftentimes they did, and they stil reuolted, then the citie of Rome began to looke vnto other kingdomes: but during the time of their kings, their owne neighbours an∣noyed them most.

This king Ancus Martius had no rest during his whole go∣uernment, vntill he had brought these people before spoken vnto subiection: then he began to build, & to enlarge the city * 1.29 of Rome by taking mount Auentine vnto it, and the hil Ianicula a large ground of 18. furlongs about, ful of diuers yong trees, specially laurel, but by An. Martius made habitable and popu∣lous, & there vpon the hil Auentine a faire temple was builded vnto Diana: and to this moūt, Martius brought frō Telena and Politorium and other townes, men and women to dwell there. * 1.30 After this, the king builded a towne fast vpō the sea shore cal∣led Hostia 6. miles frō Rome, & made a bridge ouer the riuer of Tiber which ranne by Rome: he also builded a prison house to

punish offenders, & diuers other monumēts, which you may read in Halicarnasaeus: whē he had raigned 24. yeres he died, lea∣uing * 1.31 behind him 2. sōnes, the one an infant, and the other not able to succeed his father in the kingdom, & therfore Tarqui∣nius, * 1.32 a man of good seruice before time knowen, and in great friendship with Anc. Martius, was by consent of the Senators and of the people elected the 5. king of the Romans. In the be∣ginning of whose raigne Thales, Periander, and Terpāder, euen then the 17. Iubilee after Moses began, in the 41. Olympiad. * 1.33

But first I must set downe what kings raigned in other coun∣treis, before I speake of Tarquinius Priscus. In the beginning therefore of Ancus Martius raigne, raigned king of Egypt Ne∣cho, by whom Iosias king of Iuda was then slaine, and in Media Ciaxeres, in Daniel called Darius Medus. This time raigned in * 1.34 Babylon Nabuchodonosor, by whom Ioakim king of Iuda was ca∣ried captiue vnto Babylon: and in Lidia raigned Sadaites their seuenth king. Then the Prophet Ieremie prophecied the 70. yeeres of captiuitie to the Iewes, in the time of Ancus Martius, after whom Tarquinius Priscus, by election and not by succes∣sion became the fift king of Rome. Of whose countrey, paren∣tage and friends, and how he came to be king of Rome, reade Halicarnassaeus, where you shal finde the whole historie therof. Against this king the Latins had diuers aydes frō the Hetrus∣cans, specially from fiue great cities inhabited by people cal∣led Clusini, Arretini, Volaterani, Rusellani, and Vetulonenses. And in like maner as before to Ancus Martius, so now they began with Tarquinius Priscus, one that had good cause to knowe them, for that he had tried them before, and therefore vsed * 1.35 them as his predecessors did, ouerthrew them, and subdued them, so that their cities, their townes, and their countreys were made euen to the ground.

By this king were the Fidenats, the Latins, and the rest of those nations about Rome subdued and destroyed: the Hetrus∣cans which kept Tarquinius in warres nine yeeres were ouer∣throwen, in so much that they made Tarquinius prince of He∣truria: * 1.36 so the Hetruscans after nine yeres warres being broken

and weary, thought good with one consent to send ambassa∣dors from all the cities of Italy to Tora to entreate for peace: * 1.37 which was graunted vnto them, vpon condition that they would make Tarquine their prince, and to haue the name of their chiefe magistrate in euery city, which were called Lucu∣mones, * 1.38 to hold of him. This being of meere force consented, Tarquinius Priscus granted them their owne lawes, customes, and liberties in all points as they had before. After this, he gouerned in peace, after he had triumphed with great pompe and solemnitie as then the time serued. He went dayly most sumptuous inapparel: he ware a crowne of gold vpō his head, and had on Togam pretextā, with a scepter of Iuory in his hand, which was then strāge to see in Rome: for Romulus had his scep∣ter * 1.39 but of wood: he sate in a chaire of Iuory, and his Serieants about him, where he gaue lawes to the people: he was admo∣nished of this good fortune whē yet he was a stranger in Rome by an Egle, who toke his hat frō his head in his claw, and flew so hie in the aire, that scant the Egle could be seene: and in * 1.40 the sight of al his people the Egle brought the hat againe, and let it fall vpon Priscus head: he was by this perswaded, that it signified good, and therefore expected the kingdome after Ancus Martius, though a stranger, and that Ancus had 4. sonnes to succeed him.

The Sabines which held the Romanes play for 5. yeres, were also by Tarquinius ouerthrowen. In these warres against the Sabines, Ser. Tullius was made general: this for his good seruice * 1.41 and wise policie, afterward succeeded Tarquinius in the king∣dome: for he was esteemed of the people, & in much fauour with Tarquinius: in the like fauour was Tarquinius before with Ancus Martius, whose seruice seemed such, that he was elected king ouer the Romanes, though he was a stranger.

Now after that Tarquinius had subdued al townes and cities about Rome, and had made the confines of Rome larger then before: yet (as Eutropius saith) all the warres, victories and tri∣umphes which Romulus, T. Hostilius, Anc. Martius, and this Tar∣quinius Priscus, these 5. kings had ouer many people, extended

not aboue 15. miles from the citie of Rome, so hard were the Romans kept in warres on all sides, & applied with their neigh∣bours, and so long were they augmenting their Empire.

But to returne to Tarquinius, who made the city of Rome farre * 1.42 more famous then before, by building the walles thereof, by doubling the nomber of the Senators, & the first beginning of the capitol: this king also builded a place for playes, called Circus, and instituted diuers games there, betwixt mount Auē∣tine and mount Palatine: he made sinks to auoyd the filth and ordure of the citie, and with great expences made it to be ca∣ried into the riuer of Tiber. This Tarquinius was the first that * 1.43 entred the citie of Rome with any triumph on chariot, though some say that Romulus, some Valerius Publicola: but Tarquinius Priscus by cōmon consent was the first that set forth triumphs in so stately and magnificent shew, and hee himselfe the first that triumphed on triumphant chariot, and that three seueral times, ouer the Latines, Sabines, and Hetruscanes: and when hee had •…•…aigned 38. yeeres, he was slaine by the sonnes of Ancus * 1.44 Martius his predecessour.

During his gouernment, raigned in other countreys these kings: in Lydia, Haliactes their 8. king, in Macedonia, Europus their 7. king, in Egypt raigned Apries, whom Ieremy calleth Ho∣phra: at what time Ierusalem was destroied by Nabuchodonosor, and the Iewes broght captiue vnto Babylon. In this kings raigne the warres grew betwixt the Lydians & the Medes, when Astia∣ges raigned king ouer the Medes. This time florished in the last yeres of this king many wise men, as Solon in Athens, Thales in Miletū, and others called the 7. sages. Likewise about the last yeeres of this king, Nabuchodonosor was by repentance for his transgressions against the Lord, restored to his kingdome a∣gaine. Now after this, the 6. king of the Romans was named Seruius Tullius, of whom you heard before, how he was a cap∣taine * 1.45 vnder Priscus, and now elected king in the 50. Olympiad, & in the beginning of the 18. Iubilee, being maried to Tarqui∣nius his own daughter a noble womā borne, yet a captiue and * 1.46 a handmaid. This time liued Accius Nauius, a great soothsayer

of great fauour and credite in the citie of Rome: this man be∣fore the king, who scoffed the art of Nauius and caried in his bosome a hard flint stone, onely to trie the skill of Nauius, which he with a knife did cut through the midst, and therfore * 1.47 the king commaunded his statue or image to be made, and to be erected vp in that very place where he vsed this feat before Priscus Tarquinius, in memorie of his arte, with his flint stone and knife in his hand. His fathers name was Tullus, & his mo∣ther * 1.48 was named Ocrisia: he was wise, eloquent and discreete, whom the people honored much, and whose counsel Tarqui∣nius vsed in any doubtful action as an oracle: he was brought vp in militarie discipline, as both the Sabines and Hetruscans can testifie.

This king perceiuing that Ancus Martius sonnes had slaine king Priscus his predecessor and his father in lawe, vnderstan∣ding himselfe to stande in the like danger if they should liue, they being right heires to the Empire of Rome, Seruius by de∣cree banished the sonnes of Martius out of the territories of the Romanes: yet Fabius Pictor saith, that they were the sonnes of Tarquinius Priscus: but hee is reprehended and conuicted * 1.49 with probable reasons by Halicarnassaeus. But howsoeuer it was, the like ende that Tarquinius Priscus had by Ancus Mar∣tius sonnes, the same had Seruius Tullus by Tarquinius sonnes, both murthered.

As touching the gouernment of Seruius Tullius in the * 1.50 warres against the enemies of Rome, he excelled his predeces∣sours, and brought the people, the townes, and cities about Rome most willingly to yeeld themselues, after that he had tri∣umphed ouer them with 3. solemne triumphes: for this king for the space of 20. yeeres, waged warres with the Hetruscans, with the Sabines and others, so that he conquered at length all places about Rome without blood: for the Romans yet had no great force to make warre farre from Rome: for during the * 1.51 time of their kings which was 244. yeeres, which was the first infancie of Rome, they had their handes full to answere those next cities, and their next neighbours dwelling about them.

This king was the first that inuented mustering of men, * 1.52 which before this time was not knowen, as Eutropius saith, in al the territories of Rome: for in Seruius Tullus time, the names of all the inhabitants of Rome were taken and accompted by the pole, there were found in the Citie of Rome eightie foure thousand Citizens able men. In Seruius time brasse was coy∣ned in Rome, and after Seruius time two hundred yeeres there was no siluer coyned in Rome. By this king three hilles were annexed to Rome, the one was called Quirinalis, the seconde Viminalis, & the third called Esquilinus. By this king the walles * 1.53 of Rome were entrenched rounde about, and by this king was a faire Temple builded vpon mount Auentine to the godesse Diana. Reade more in Dionysius Halic. but the end of this king was (as I saide before) to be slaine by the wickednesse of his sonne in lawe Tarquinius, who was sonne to the last king Tar∣quinius * 1.54 Priscus, whō this Seruius Tullus succeeded, & the trea∣cherie of his owne daughter whō he had espoused to the said Tarquinius. Thus was he slaine when hee had reigned fourtie foure yeeres king of Rome.

During which time reigned in Egypt king Amasis, and in Macedonia Alcetas. In the time of this king Seruius, Croesus the last king of Lydia was conquered by Cyrus, and the king∣dome of Lydia brought vnder the Persians, at what time Cyrus beganne his Empire in Persia, after he had conquered Astia∣ges, the last king of the Medes, and made Medea as Lydia was, subiect vnto Persia at one time: for Cyrus grew in Seruius time the strongest king, and the onely Monarch of the worlde: for * 1.55 after he had conquered these two great kings, Croesus king of Lydia, and Astyages king of Media, he also at that instant subdu∣ed Balthasar the last king of Babylon, so that he adioyned to the Empire of Persia, the kingdomes of Media, Lydia, and Babylon. This time did Daniel prophecie of the foure Monarchies by the foure beastes rising out of the seas the very ground of all Chronicles. In Seruius Tullius reigne happened the renow∣med and famous battell betwixt the Argiues and the Lacede∣monians, * 1.56 three hundred against three hundred on either side,

to trie and to make a full conquest by them of all their warres: which happened to the Lacedemonians, for that three of the three hundred escaped, and all the rest on both sides died * 1.57 manfully in the fielde. This time florished Stesichorus and Hi∣ponax, likewise Anaximenes the Philosopher, and Chilo one of the seuen wise men liued in this age.

Nowe I will returne againe to Rome, and speake of Lu. Tar∣qninius surnamed the proud, who succeeded Seruius Tullus in * 1.58 the kingdome not lawfully, but by force and strength, in the 601. Olympiad sixteene ye•…•…es before the begining of the nine∣teenth Iubilee. In this Olympiad Agatharchus wanne the victo∣rie in the games of Olympus. This king as hee entred vnto the kingdome of Rome with force and violence, so hee continued with crueltie and tyrannie, farre differing frō Tarquinius Pris∣cus his graundfather. This king planted himselfe in Rome a∣gainst the Senators and the people, and garded himselfe with * 1.59 wicked and lewde people, translating the whole gouernment of the kingdome into tyrannie: he maried his daughter to the Gouernour and Dictator of the Latines named Octauius Ma∣milius of the stocke of Telegonus, the sonne of Vlisses by Cyrses, * 1.60 to strengthen himselfe against his enemies.

This Tarquinius was maried to Seruius daughter, a very ver∣tuous and modest lady, and his yonger brother named Arnus * 1.61 maried the yonger daughter of Seruius, a wicked and lewde woman not of the disposition of her elder sister, a match vn∣fitte for so quiet a husband, not like his elder brother: the dif∣ference betweene Tarquine the proud and his brother, or his sōne as some suppose, & also the differēce betweene the two sisters was great, the one rash, cruell, wicked, false, and full of all impietie, to whom happened an honest, sober, and vertu∣ous lady, and yet could not doe any good vnto him: and to his good brother being gentle, courteous, good & godly hap∣pened (as I tolde you) that wicked scorpion the yonger sister, who when that she coulde not perswade her husband to any wicked acte, shee came to him, (I meane to Tarquine the * 1.62 proude) who was as ready as shee to kill, to murther, and to

commit any wicked thing else: shee councelled him, and shee furthered him to murther the olde king her father, and * 1.63 to take the kingdome into his hand. What should I rehearse the number of this womans faultes? Reade •…•…iui and Halicar∣nassaeus, and you shall reade how Tarquinius slue the king his * 1.64 father in law, and vsurped the kingdome, and afterward how tyraunt like he gouerned the Citie of Rome, vntill he became so odious, as he was deposed from his Throne, and banished * 1.65 from Rome, aswell for his owne tyrannie and murther, as also for his sonne Arūtius Tarquinius his rape and wicked inconti∣nencie: for when he had forced a noble woman named Lucre∣tia, the wife of Colatinus, (who when shee had of this iniurie * 1.66 complained to her husband and other her friends in the pre∣sence of them all she slue her selfe) the filthines and horror of this wicked acte, kindled the heartes of the Senators and the people against Tarquinius.

Sp. Lucre. Pu. Val. Publicola. C. Lu. Iunius Brutus, sware in that place the destruction of Tarquinius, and hee himselfe became generall for the Citizens, that they deposed him frō his king∣dome: such was the seueritie of the Romanes in punishing ad∣ulterie, * 1.67 being the only cause of the first alteration of the state publique in Rome. For before Arūtius Tarquinius had cōmit∣ted this abominable actiō with Lucretia, the Romanes had for∣gotten the faults of the father in killing his father in lawe, for he had conquered the Volscans, he subdued the Citie of Ga∣bios, and of Suessa, and after hee ouercame the Thuscans, hee made peace with them, and he builded Iupiter his Temple in the Capitol, and he was laying siege to the citie of Arde tenne miles from Rome, when his sonne Arūtius did defile Lucretia: the foulenes of the fact was such, that the souldiers forsooke the father for the offence of the sonne, and the gates of the * 1.68 Citie were shutte against Tarquinius at his returne from the siege of Arde.

Thus when he had reigned twentie fiue yeeres, he fledde with his wife and children: he was the seuenth and last king of the Romanes, though afterward he sought the helpe of Por∣senna * 1.69

king of Thuscia, and thought to recouer his kingdome a∣gaine. But when he perceiued that the Romanes would not ac∣cept * 1.70 him longer for their king, and that Porsenna woulde aide him no longer to his kingdome, hee departed to Thusculi a Citie not farre distant from Rome, where hee liued with his wife a priuate man for the space of fourteene yeeres, and then dyed: his sonne Sextus was slaine in his owne citie Gabia, whi∣ther he fledde for refuge.

In this sort reigned in Rome seuen kings for the space of two hundred fourtie foure yeeres (as you heard before) who for all their force and courages, for all their long warres and sharpe battels, their Empire extended not aboue fifteene myles from Rome: the reason was, that they fought with Ro∣manes like them selues, though they were called first by the * 1.71 names of Sabines, Volscans, Thuscans, Veients, Fidenats, Samnites, and Latines: for vntill Romulus time the name of the Romanes was not knowen: the Latines were the first auncient name of the Romanes: from them Romulus and his brother Remus had their beginning: for (as you heard) before Romulus builded Rome, reigned amongst the Latines fifteene kings. Thus much for the kings of Rome, of their continuance and of their go∣uernment.

Nowe what was done in other Countries, and what kings reigned while Tarqui. the proud gouerned Rome, Herodot and Iustine doth write that. Cyrus the great king of Persia, was con∣quered and slaine by Tomyris Queene of Scythia. Psammenitus the last king of Egypt was subdued, and all the kingdome of Egypt made tributarie vnto Persia by Cambyses, who at that ve∣ry time hindred the building of the Temple of Ierusalem, vntil * 1.72 the second yeere of Darius Hysdaspis the third king of Persia. That Darius in the time of Tarquinius Superbus made warres against the Scythians, by whō he was forced to take his flight.

This time wicked Haman vsed great meanes to destroy the Iewes with king Ahashuerosh, which in prophane histories is named Darius the sonne of Hisdaspis: but his councell then against Mardocheus happened to himselfe and to his tenne

children: the historie is written in the booke of Hester. This time reigned in Athens Hyparchus the tyrant, which afterward Harmodius and Aristogiton slue. In the time of this Tarquinius the Persians reuoulted from their king Darius the sonne of Hysdaspis, but by the subtiltie and sleight of Zopirus recouered, and afterward the Persians by the meanes of Megabisus Zopi∣rus * 1.73 some chiefe captaine of Darius, tooke the Citie Perinthus and subdued Thracia and Peonia. Here I haue set downe the names of the seuen kings of Rome, and their continuance in gouernment.

• Romulus reigned 38.
• Numa Pomp. 43.
• Tullus Hostilius. 32.
• Ancus Martius. 24.
• Lu. Tarquinus Priscus. 38.
• Seruius Tullus. 44.
• Tarquinius the proud. 25.

Nowe during the whole time of these seuen kings which were two hundred fourtie three yeres, which was the first in∣fancie of Rome, for all their warres, their victories and tri∣umphes had first ouer the Hetruscanes, the Sabines, the Latines, the Fidenates, Antenates, Veients, and the Albanes, their Em∣pire extended no further then Ostia eighteene miles distant frō the citie of Rome. After that the name of a king was bani∣shed, and two Consuls were created to gouerne and to com∣maund with Serieantes before them, with the authoritie and full power of kings.

Notes

• * 1.1

  Tullus Hosti∣lius the thirde king of Rome.
• * 1.2

  Hostilius Tullus a friend of Romulus.
• * 1.3

  M. Suffetius.
• * 1.4

  Halicar. lib. 3.
• * 1.5

  The warres of this king is written in Li∣•…•…i lib. 1.
• * 1.6

  Eutrop. lib. 1.
• * 1.7

  Halicar lib. 3.
• * 1.8

  Horatius.
• * 1.9

  Curiatius.
• * 1.10

  Alba longa destroyed.
• * 1.11

  Oros. 2 lib.
• * 1.12

  Eutrop. lib. 1.
• * 1.13

  Halicar. lib. 3.
• * 1.14

  Zaleucus histor.
• * 1.15

  Rare iustice.
• * 1.16

  Two Quaestors by Tullus Ho∣stilius appoin∣ted.
• * 1.17

  Two Censors by Ser. Tullius.
• * 1.18

  Pomp. Laetus.
• * 1.19

  Lustrum.
• * 1.20

  The iustice of the Censors.
• * 1.21

  Fenestella de mag. Rom.
• * 1.22

  Beroaldus lib. 1.
• * 1.23

  The Olympiads continued vn∣til Constantine the great.
• * 1.24

  Ancus Martius the fourth king of Rome.
• * 1.25

  Numas lawes in tables.
• * 1.26

  Halicar. lib. 3.
• * 1.27

  All this histo∣rie is read in Liui lib. 1.
• * 1.28

  Oros. lib. 2.
• * 1.29

  Mount Auen∣tine ioyned •…•…o Rome.
• * 1.30

  A bridge made by An∣cus Martius ouer the riuer Tiber.
• * 1.31

  Ancus died a king.
• * 1.32

  Tarquinius Priscus the fift king of Rome.
• * 1.33

  Errors in the Olympiads.
• * 1.34

  What kings raigned this time in other Countreys.
• * 1.35

  Priscus an olde souldier of Anc. Martius.
• * 1.36

  Priscus made prince of He∣truria.
• * 1.37

  Meanes made to Priscus for peace.
• * 1.38

  Lucumones olde magistrates a∣mong the He∣truscans.
• * 1.39

  Priscus Scepter of Iuory.
• * 1.40

  Diuination by an Egle.
• * 1.41

  Ser. Tullius ge∣nerall vnder Priscus.
• * 1.42

  The great be∣nefits of Pris∣cus to the citie of Rome.
• * 1.43

  The first tri∣umph with Chariot.
• * 1.44

  Priscus slaine.
• * 1.45

  Seruius Tullus the 6. king of Rome.
• * 1.46

  Liui. decad. 1.
• * 1.47

  Cicero 3. de diuina.
• * 1.48

  Halicar lib. 3.
• * 1.49

  The errour of Fabius Pictor.
• * 1.50

  Ser. Tullius the sixt king of Rome.
• * 1.51

  •…•…trop. lib. 1.
• * 1.52

  The first mu∣ster of Rome.
• * 1.53

  Halicar. lib. 4.
• * 1.54

  Seruius Tullus slaine by his daughter.
• * 1.55

  Lu. Tarq super∣bus the last king.
• * 1.56

  Hab•…•…ar. lib. 4.
• * 1.57

  Herodot. lib. 1.
• * 1.58

  Lu. Tarq. super. and the last king.
• * 1.59

  Halicar. lib. 4.
• * 1.60

  Oct. Mamilius.
• * 1.61

  The differēce of two brethrē maried two sisters of con∣trary disposi∣tion.
• * 1.62

  Tarqui. wife a vertuous lady.
• * 1.63

  Liui. lib. 4.
• * 1.64

  Dionys. Halic. lib. 4.
• * 1.65

  Tarqui. depo∣sed from his kingdome.
• * 1.66

  Rape the cause of put∣ting downe kings in Rome.
• * 1.67

  Tarqui. depo∣sed from his kingdome. Eutrop. lib. 1.
• * 1.68

  Romes gate shut against Tarqui.
• * 1.69

  Reade Plut. in Publ.
• * 1.70

  Reade the 4. b•…•…oke of Hali. of the two last kings of Ser. Tullius and Tarqui. super.
• * 1.71

  All Italie was inhabited lōg before Rome was builded.
• * 1.72

  The Persians conquered E∣gypt at what time the Ro∣manes bani∣shed their kings.
• * 1.73

  Herodot. lib. 5.