An epitome of chronicles Conteyninge the whole discourse of the histories as well of this realme of England, as al other cou[n]treys, with the succession of their kinges, the time of their reigne, and what notable actes they did ... gathered out of most probable auctours. Firste by Thomas Lanquet, from the beginning of the worlde to the incarnacion of Christe, secondely to the reigne of our soueraigne lord king Edward the sixt by Thomas Cooper, and thirdly to the reigne of our soueraigne Ladye Quene Elizabeth, by Robert Crowley. Anno. 1559.

¶ The thyrde booke. (Book 3)

[Anni regum Angli 1] WYLLYAM DVKE OF Normandie, surnamed conqueroure, [The yere of the worlde 5028] [The yere of Christ 1067] bastard son of Roberte the .vi. duke of that duchy, & nephew vnto kinge Ed∣ward the confessour, beganne his do∣minion ouer this realme of England the .xv. daye of October, and reygned xxi. yeres, one moneth, wyth great se∣ueritee and cruelnesse, towarde the Englishemen, bour∣deininge

them alwayes with greuous exactions. By meane whereof he caused diuers to flye out of the lande some to Scotlande, some to Denmarke, and other coun∣treys. And for so muche as he obteyned his kingdom by force and dente of sworde, he changed the whole state of gouernaunce of this common weale, and ordeined new lawes at his owne pleasure, profitable to him selfe, but greuous and hurtfull to the people. This William was wise and gilefull, riche and couetous, and loued well to be magnified, a fayre speker, and great dissimuler, a mā of comely stature, but some deale fatte in the bealy, stern of countenaunce and stronge in armes, and great plea∣sure in hunting, and making sumptuous feastes.

The towne of Exiter, anr the Northumbers rebelled which both were subdued and greuously punished. [The yere of the worlde 5029] [The yere of Christ 1068] [Anni regum Angli 2]

Kinge Willyam buylded .iiii. stronge castels, twaine at Yorke, one at Nottingham, an other at Lincolne, whi¦che garisons he furnished with Normains.

[The yere of the worlde 5030] [The yere of Christ 1069] Canutus king of Denmarke, [Anni regum Angli 3] being steered vp by cer∣taine Englyshe outlawes, inuaded the Northpartes of Englande, and entred euen to Yorke. From whens he was chased by Wyllyam, & forced to flie to his countrey

Henry the emperour inuaded the countrey of Bauarie [Anni regum Angli 4]

[The yere of the worlde 5031] [The yere of Christ 1070] Otho duke of Bauarie vanquished the Thuringes, & vexed sore Saxonie with diuers inuasions.

Godfrey succeded his father in the kingdome of Lo∣hayne.

The Scottes with theyr kynge Malcoline, inuaded Northumberlande, and robbed the countrey.

Endochia, and her sonnes ruled Constantinople .vii. mone thes.

Romanus, surnamed Diogines, maryed Endochia & possessed the empire. [The yere of the worlde 5032] [The yere of Christ 1071] [Anni regum Angli 5]

Otho Duke of Bauarie, whiche had often rebelled a¦gainste the emperoure Henrie, submitted him selfe, and obteyned pardon.

Willyam, king of Englande, made such warre vpon the Scottes, [The yere of the worlde 5033] [The yere of Christ 1072] [Anni regum Angli 6] that he forced Malcoline to sweare to hym both homage and fealty.

Willyam by the counsayle of the Erle of Herforde,

caused the money and riches of the abbeies, to be brought into his treasourye. He made also the newe forest in the countrey of Southampton, which to bring about he cast downe dyuers townes and churches, the space of .xxx. myles, and replenisshed it with wylde beastes, and made sharpelawes for the mayntenaunce and encrease of the same.

Great contencion was betwene Lanfranke byshop of Canturburye, and Thomas of Yorke, for the primacie, whiche at lenghte was iudged to the Archebishopryke of Canterbury.

The Saxones, for certayne iniuries to them done, [The yere of the worlde 5034] toke armes against the emperour. [Anni regum Angli 7] [The yere of Christ 1073]

Demetrius, kynge of Ruscia, expelled his brother oute of the kingdome, & desyred ayde of the emperour Henrie.

The Saxones were quyeted and reconsiled to the em¦perour. [Anni regum Angli 8] [The yere of the worlde 5035] [The yere of Christ]

Gregorye the .vii. beyng made byshop of Rome, ordey∣ned (contrarye to the lawe that was made by Henrye the iii.) that no emperour shoulde haue to dooe with the elec∣cyon or confyrmacion of the Romayne byshoppe: and ex∣communicated all them that receiued any spyrituall pro∣mocions at the emperours hand, and made other in their places, where as before tyme the emperour had full po∣wer to ordeine such byshops as were within his domini∣on. With these ordinaunces Henrie the .iii••. beyng than emperoure, was greatlye dyspleased. This Gregorye de∣creed also, that priestes shoulde haue no more wyfes, and that they whiche all readye had, shoulde be diuorsed: and that no man shuld thensforthe be admitted to priesthode, but they vowed perpetuall chastitee. Against this decree repugned the byshoppes and pryestes of Germanie, and withstode it a good season.

Aboute this tyme the people of Galloway and shortlye after the Murrais and other rebelled in Scotlande and robbed the countreis, which were brought to obedience.

Michael, the sonne of Constantine Dukas, [The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ] was ordey∣ned emperoure of Constantinople and reigned vi. yeres. [Anni regum Angli 9]

Salomon, kyng of Hungarye, vanquisshed and ouer∣came the Hunnes, whiche with an huge great armye en∣tred

the boundes of Pannonie. And after that, inignyng battayle wyth the Greekes and Bulgares, obteyned the victorye. But at the laste fill greate debate betwene hym and a noble man of hys countrey, called Ge••sa, of whom after sore fyght he was vanquyshed, and depryued of his kyngdome: and than reigned Ge••sa .vi. yeres.

Henrie the emperour sped hym with an armye against the Saxones, the secounde tyme, which (by the stee rynge of certayne Prynces) refused his empyre: whome he con∣streigned by force to submit theim selfe, and sharpely pu∣nisshed the chiefe capitaines of that conspiracie.

[The yere of Christ 1076] Gregory byshop of Rome excommunicated the empe∣rour, [The yere of the worlde 5037] because he woulde not obey his ordinances, [Anni regum Angli] and de∣pryued hym of the imperyal title, and assoyled the people of theyr othe of allegiaunce: wyllynge also the princes of Germanie to chose a new empero ur. By whiche meanes dyuers prynces rebelled, and the countrey was wonder∣fully spoyled and vexed with ciuyle warres. Dyuers by∣shoppes of Germanie, calling a counsaile, did excommu∣nicate Gregorye as a cruell tyranne and misse liuer. The cruell tyrannie, outragious pride, diuellisshe sorcery, and detestable lyfe of this Gregory is sette foorthe at large by Beno the cardynal: where ye maye see the, very picture of his crueltye.

Roger Erle of Her tforde, and another named Raulffe, conspired against kyng Wylliam of Englād, being then in Normandye: whiche both were by him outlawed, and chased oute of the re alme, and Erle Walreff, that vttered the conspiracie, beheaded.

The emperour, at the instance of his lordes, came hum∣bly to the byshoppe of Rome, [The yere of the worlde 5038] [The yere of Christ 1077] [Anni regum Angli] and desired of hym pardone and absolucion.

Whyle the emperour was in Italie, the princes and bi∣shoppes of Saxonie by treason chose Rodulph Duke of Suaue to be emperour. [The yere of the worlde 5039] [The yere of Christ 1078] [Anni regum Angli] To whiche traytour Rodulph, Gregory sent the imperyall Diademe. Whereof whan Henrie had knowlage▪ in al hast he sped hym with an ar∣mie against the saied Rodulph and the Saxones, where was foughten betwene them a strong fyelde, to the great losse of bothe partes.

Ladislaus, kynge of Hungarye .xviii. yeres. A prince of greate modestee who was constreigned of the nobles to take on him the gouernaunce of the realme.

Robert Guyscarde toke sainte Seuerines and Consen∣tia, citees of Calabre. He receiued Salerne by di••icion▪ and conquered the towne called Uicus.

Henrie the emperour encountred Rodulph, the second and thyrde time, [Anni regum Angli 13] and spedde diuersly. [The yere of the worlde 5040] [The yere of Christ 1079]

Oswalde, byshop of Sal••sbury, was famous in Eng∣lande.

The fourth battaile was foughten betwene the empe∣rour & Rodulph, [Anni regum Angli 14] in the ende wherof Rodulph was slaine, [The yere of the worlde 5041] [The yere of Christ] with many of the Saxones.

[Anni regum Angli 15] Robert Duke of Puell expelled the Grekes oute of Ita∣lye, and toke from theim diuers castels and townes.

Michaell, emperoure of Constantinople, with his .iii. sonnes, was depryued of all imperyall auctoritee, by one Nicephorus, who vsurped the crowne .iii. yeres. Michael fled to the bishop of Rome.

Robert, the eldest sonne of Wylliam conquerour, by the counsaile and ayde of Philip kyng of Fraunce, [The yere of the worlde] inuaded hys fathers Duchie of normandy. Wherwith UUilliam being greatly displeased, gaue to his soonne stronge bat∣tayle: in whiche it fortuned Roberte to mete vnwares in the fielde with his father, and bare hym to the erth. But perceiuynge by the voyce, who it was, forthwith he l••••te from hys horse, and saued hys father. For whiche deede he was reconsiled, and peace betwene theim was agreed. Robert Duke of Puel went with an armie againste▪ Ni∣cephorus of Constantinople, to the entente to restore Mi∣chael to his empyre.

Whyle king Wylliam of Englande was in Norman∣dye, [Anni regum Angli 16] the Northumbers rebelled. [The yere of the worlde 5043] [The yere of Christ 1082]

The Uenecians, takyng parte with Nicephor••us, en¦countred Robert Duke of Puel with his Normains, and obteined of theim a blouddye victory nere to D••rach••••m.

Gregory, byshop of Rome, gathering a syn••de, con••••m∣ned the opinyon of Beringarius, concernynge the sacra∣ment, and excommunicated Henry the emperour the se∣cond tyme.

The emperour entred Italie with a stronge armie, en¦tendyng to appease the furie of the bishoppe, and toke the cyte•• of Rome. Gregorye, after he had been a good space besieged, [The yere of the worlde 5044] [The yere of Christ 1083] fled secretly to the Normains of Puel.

The emperour, assembling a counsaile at Br••xia, [Anni regum Angli 17] made Robert byshoppe of Rome, whiche was before byshop of Rauenna, and named him Clemente.

Ladislaus, kynge of Hungarye, added Dalmacia and Croatia to the signory of the Hungares. He vanquisshed the Hunnes, and constreigned the Rutenes, which inua∣ded Pannonie to returne to theyr owne countrey. He sub¦dued also the people of Polonie, and toke Cr••ca••ia.

[The yere of the worlde 5045] [The yere of Christ 1084] Henrye the emperour was crowned with the imperial Diademe of Clement, [Anni regum Angli 18] whom he hadde made byshoppe of Rome.

The order of the Cartusians toke his beginning of Bru¦no a Chanone.

Alexius depryued Nicephorus of the Empyre of Con∣stantinople, and made hym a monke. At whiche tune the citee was myserablye spoyled by the Sarasens, whyche were in the armye of Alexius. This Alexius reigned. 33. yeres.

Betwene Henry the emperour and the rebellious Sax∣ones about this time were foughten many sore and cruel battayles, [The yere of the worlde 5046] [The yere of Christ 1085] [Anni regum Angli 19] in whiche eyther parte suffered great domage and losse.

Kynge UUylliam caused a new maner of tribute to be leuyed throughout this realme, for euerye hyde of lande (that is) .xx. acres. vi. shyllynges. And not longe after commaunded a valuacyon to be taken of all landes, fees, and possessions: and diligent serche also to be made, what number of men and cattaile were within this lande, and accordyng to the quantitee and noumber thereof, gathe∣red another payment.

Uictor was ordeined bishoppe of Rome, [Anni regum Angli 20] who not long after was poysoned. [The yere of the worlde 5047] [The yere of Christ 1086]

Roberte Duke of the Normains in Puell, affecting in his mind the empire of Constantinople, sailed with a na∣uye of shyps towarde Dalmacia: where Alexius and the Ueneciās encountring him, were put to flight and cha∣sed

and againe the seconde time, nere to Sasnum: short∣ly after which victory this Robert Guyscarde ended his lyfe.

Uratislaus was ordeyned the first king of Boheme by the emperour: and Polonte, Lusacia, Slesia, Morauia, were adioyned to that seignorie.

Englande was vexed with manie plages. For a great murraine fel among cattayle, [Anni regum Angli 21] [The yere of the worlde 5048] [The yere of Christ 1087] brenning feuers and hun¦ger among the people, great barennesse of the earth: and moreouer muche hurte was done in many places with misfortune of fyre, and specially in the citee of London.

Roger succeded Robert his father in the dukedome of Puell, [Anni regum Angli 22] [The yere of the worlde 5049] [The yere of Christ 1088] who graunted parte therof to his yonger brother Bohemunde. Betwene these two brethren was after sharpe warre for possession of certaine citees.

Urbane the .ii. bishop of Rome .xii. yeres.

Au ful king of Galice in Spayne, which had continu¦al war with the Sarasens, recouered the citee of Tol••te to the possession of the Christians.

William conquerour (after that he, for certayn displea¦sure conceiued towarde the Frenche kinge, had spoyled & wasted the countrey of Fraunce) ended his life, in the moneth of Iulye, and was buryed in the citee Caan▪ in Normandie. He had .v. children Robert to whome he gaue Normandie: Richarde, which died in the floure of his age. William Rufus, and Henrie, which were kin∣ges after him, and one doughter named Ad••la.

VUylliam Rufus, the second sonne of William con¦querour, [Anni regum Angli 1] [The yere of the worlde 5050] [The yere of Christ 1089] began his reigne ouer the realme of eng∣land & reigned .xiiii. yeres. He was diuers and vn∣stable of his demeanour, very co uetous, and therwithal cruel. Wherfore he burdened his people with vnreaso∣nable taxes, he pilled the riche, and bare downe the pore, and caused many to lese their landes for small causes. Yet had he some vertues, which might haue bene to him a goodly ornament, ne had the vncleane vice of auarice defiled altogether. For in martiall pollicie, he was ve∣ry expert, and diligent in al matters that he went about, stedfast and stable of his promise, and maruellous payn¦ful and laboreous. But the forenamed vices ouerwhel∣med

the vertues, and made him odible to his subiectes. Robert the elder brother, came with an army into Eng∣lande agaynst William: wherof when he had knowlage he entreated meanes of peace.

[The yere of Christ 1090] Odo bishop of Bayon, [Anni regum Angli 2] being alyed with the bishop of Durham, [The yere of the worlde 5051] the Erle of Northumberlande, the erle of Shrewsburie, and others, conspired againste Wylly••m Rufus, and assaulted diuers townes within Englande. Thei erected also agaynst him Robert Curthoyse. Duke of Normandie, the seconde time. But Willyam vanqui∣shed the traitours, chased theym out of his realme, and made peace with his brother Robert.

Roger erle of Puel toke Capus, and then passing in to Sicilie, subdued the citee Siracuse.

Alexius emperour of Constātinople, erected a place for poore people and fatherlesse children. He buylded also a college for scollers, and gaue to them reuenues.

[The yere of Christ 1091] The Scottes spoyled and toke praies in Northumber lande. [The yere of the worlde 5052] [Anni regum Angli 3] Wherfore William Rufus prouided a nauy and sailed thither, where after diuers conflictes and skirmis∣shes a yeace and vnitie was agreed.

[The yere of the worlde 1092] The Welshemen rebelled.

[The yere of Christ 5053] Great tempest fell in sundrie places of Englande, [Anni regum Angli 4] and specially at Winchcome: where a part of the steple was ouerthrowen with thundre and lightninge, and in Lōdō the wind ouertourned .vi. hundred houses.

[The yere of Christ 1094] In Englande fell wonderful aboundaunce of rayne, [Anni regum Angli 6] and after ensued so great froste, [The yere of the worlde] that horses and cartes passed commonly ouer the great riuers▪ when it thawed the heauy cakes of yse, brake downe many strōg bridges The Welshewen rebelled. They were vanquished, and their king or duke named Rees, slaine in battayle. At which time willyam caused muche of their wooddes to be cutte downe: by meane wherof, they were drawen by litle and litle to more quietnesse.

Urbane the .11 byshop of Rome, helde a counsayle at Cleremount in France, where amonge other thinges it was decreed, that none of the clergie should take the in∣uesture to any benefice of a seculer prince. The byshop also made an oracion to the lordes, being there presence,

concerning the recouery of the holye lande from the po¦wer of the Sarasens. After which oracion .300000. men takinge on theim the signe of the cresse, for theyr cogny∣sance, made preparaciō for that viage, whose soueraign capitaines were Gothirey Duke of Lorayne, with his .ii bretherne, Eustace and Baldwine: the bishop of Podie: Bohemund Duke of Puell, and his nephew Tācretus Raymunde Earle of S. Aegius, Robert Erle of Flaun∣ders, Hugh Legraunt, Philip the french kinges brother with diuers other noble men, and one Peter an hermite which was chiefe causer of that viage.

At this time many noble men, layed their landes and lordships to morgage▪ to prouide for y^e fornamed viage. Amonge which was Robert Curthoyse Duke of Nor∣mandie, he layed his Dukedome to wedde to his brother Willyam, king of Englande for .10000. poundes.

[Anni regum Angli 7] The Christians, [The yere of the worlde 5056] [The yere of Christ 1095] which passed fyrste ouer Bospherus hauinge to their capitayne Peter the heremite (a man perchance more deuout then expert to guide an army) be¦yng trapped of their enemies, were slain and murdered in great numbre, nere to the towne called Cinitus.

Malcoline king of Scottes, for displeasure taken with the v nkindenesse of Willyam Rufus, inuaded the mar∣ches of Englande: and in Northumberlande was slaine with the eldest sonne Edwarde, by Roberte, which was then Erle of that prouince.

Gothfrey Duke of Lorayne sold the Dukedome of Bo∣loine to the bishoppe of Ebruone, [Anni regum Angli 8] [The yere of the worlde 5057] [The yere of Christ 1096] for a great summe of money.

In these daies were sene many straunge sightes, in the earth, the sonne, the moone. and the sterres.

Englande and Normandie were greued with exacti∣ons and moreyne of men, so sharpely, that tyllage of the earth was put of for that yere: wherby ensued great hun¦ger and scarcitee the yere folowinge, and many griesly and vncouthe sightes were sene, as hostes of men fygh∣ting in the skie, fire leames, and such other.

Calomanus, the nephew of Ladislaus, succeded his vn¦cle in the kingdome of Hungarie. He was first a bishop, & after the death of Ladislaus licensed by the bishop of

Rome to marie his vncles widow. He kept warre wyth the Rutenes, and enlarged greatly his kingdome. But with much crueltee he vereite his brother Almus of hys sight.

The Christians, going to Ierusalem, tooke the citees Nicea, [The yere of the worlde 5058] [The yere of Christ 1097] Eracles, Tarsis, [Anni regum Angli 9] and subdued the countrei of Ci∣licia, appointing the possession therof to certaine of their capiteines.

Donald was king of Scottes after Malcolme, betwene whom and Duncane was fier••e warre and great trou∣ble for the crowne of Scotlande.

[The yere of the worlde 5059] [The yere of Christ] Antioch was besteged: [Anni regum Angli] in the .ix. moneth of the siege it was yelded to the Christians, by one Pyrrhus: in which pastime were fought manye stronge battayles, to the great slaughter and desolacion of the Sarasens, and not without losse of many Christian men. The gouernance of this citee was committed to Bohemunde of Puell, whose martiall knighthod was often proued in time of the siege therof.

Urbane bishop of Rome, for feare of his enemies, hid him selfe .ii. yeres in the house of Peter Leo, and there dyed.

[The yere of the worlde 5060] [The yere of Christ 1099] Corbana, maister of the Persians chiualrie, [Anni regum Angli 12] was van¦quished and slayne, with an hundred thousand infidels: in whiche discomfiture were taken .15000. camelles.

Casslanus, king of Antioch was slayne of the Arme∣nians.

About this time William Rufus buylded Westmin¦ster halle.

Ierusalem, the .39. daye of the siege, was conquered by the chrystians. Godfrey, soueraigne capitaine of the christian armie, was proclaymed the first king of Ieru∣salem. At the takinge of this citee was such murder of men, that bloud was congeled in the strete the thicknesse of a foote.

Duncane by force of armes toke on him the crowne of Scotland, which he held a yeare and an halfe, and then was slayne in his bedde, after whom Donald was resto¦red to the kingdome.

In Englande, a towne called Finchauster, in Barke¦shyre,

a well cast out bloud, as before it had dooen water: and after, by the space of .xv. dayes, greate flames of fyre were seen in the element. In this passe tyme the Uene∣cians vexed the Sarasens dwellynge on the sea costes of Licia, Pamphilia, Cilicia, and Surie.

Slaymanne, the greate Souldane of Babylon, [The yere of the worlde 5061] [The yere of Christ 1106] was slaine, [Anni regum Angli 12] and the citee Ascalon yelded to Godfrey: in the which he found wonderful riches.

Pastale the second was ordeined bishop of Rome: who more lyke a strong warriour, than a good bishoppe▪ with force of armes subdued manye of hys ennemyes, whiche withhelde from hym certaine of. S. Peters patrimonye. Many byshops of Rome in this time were chosen in dy∣uers partes, [Anni regum Angli 13] [The yere of the worlde 5062] [The yere of Christ 1101] and shortly after againe deposed.

Edgare the fourth sonne of Malcome being sent for of the Scottes, made claime to the crowne whiche he obtei∣ned after he hadde discomfited Donalde in a strong bat∣taile, and reigned in good quiete .ix. yeres.

Baldwine, after the death of Godfrei hys brother was named the .ii. king of Hierusalem.

Wylliam Rufus, kyng of Englande, beinge at his di∣sporte of huntyng, by glaunsynge of an arrowe, that Ty∣rel, a french knight did shoote, was wounded to death.

HEnrie, the brother of Wylliam Rufus, and first of that name (for hys learnynge called Beu••lerke) be∣ganne his dominion ouer this realme of Englāde, [Anni regum Angli 1] and reigned .35. yeares. This Henrie was a noble and valiant prince, stronge and myghtie of body, of hygh sta∣ture, blacke heared, and had great staryng eies, a comely visage, and a pleasant and sweete countinance. He great∣ly abhorred excesse of meates and drinkes. In thre thin∣ges he was excellent, in witte, eloquence, and good happe in battayle: and thereto had .iii. contrary vices, couetous∣nesse, crueltee, and lust of the body: but yet he was not so geuen to these vices, but that he farre excelled in vertue. At the beginnyng he refourmed the state and condiciō of the clergie, releised the greeuous paymentes, reduced a∣gayne. S. Edwardes lawes, with the amendemente of theim, and restored Anselme bishop of Canturbury from banisshemente. He toke to wife Maude, the syster of Ed∣gare

kyng of Scottes. This man fauoureth nothing the vsurped power of the byshop of Rome.

Many Christiā men were slaine in Asia of the Turkes, and Bohemunde of Puell taken prysoner, [The yere of the worlde 5063] [The yere of Christ 1102] [Anni regum Angli 2] whiche was shortly after redemed by his nephew Tancretus.

Ranulph, byshoppe of Durham, excited Robert Cur∣thoyse, Duke of Normandie (which was now retourned from Hierusalem) to warre vpon his brother Henrie for the crowne of Englande, who assembled a strong armie, and landed at Portsmouth: but, by mediacion, peace was made on this condycion, that Henrye should paye .3000. markes yerely to Duke Robert.

[The yere of the worlde 5065] [The yere of Christ 1104] The citee of Accacon was taken of the kyng of Hieru∣salem, by the ayde of the Uenecians and Ienowais, [Anni regum Angli 4] and a great multitude of the Turkes vanquisshed and slaine.

Robert Duke of Normandye, coming into Englād, by fayre entreatie of kynge Henrie and his wyfe, releised to hym the tribute of .3000. markes. [Anni regum Angli 5] But it was not long ere that by meane of tale bearers, [The yere of the worlde 5066] [The yere of Christ 1105] & misse reporters great malyce was kendled betwene the .ii. bretherne, and short∣ly therupon deadly warre arrered: in the end wherof Ro∣bert was take n, and kept in perpetual prison at Cardiffe, by hys brother: who immediatly seised vpon the Duchie of Normandie, and held it in his possession.

After the death of Uradis••ans, kynge of Boheme, that countrey was gouerned a certaine space by Dukes.

Pascale, bishop of Rome, fought diuers battailes with Ptolomeus and Stephene Cursus, [The yere of the worlde 5067] [The yere of Christ 1106] citisins of Rome. [Anni regum Angli 6]

Robert, Erle of Shrewsburye, and William of Corn∣walle, rebellynge against kynge Henrie, were taken and kepte in prison al their life time.

King Henry ordeined streicte lawes against theues and other that vsed vnlawfull meanes: in the whiche was conteyned the losyng of lyfe, of eyes, of stones, and other membres of man, as the gilte required.

By meane of Anselme, byshoppe of Canturburye, the pryestes of Englande were constreigned to for go their wyfes.

A great Controuersie betwene king Henry and bishop Anselme, concerninge the inuestitute of bishops, and ge∣uyng

of benefices.

The bishop of Rome, and his adherentes byshoppes of Saxonie, after many other princes, lastly excited Henrye the yonger, to warre vpō his owne father the emperour, continuyng the time of whiche warre, Henry the father, partly for sorowe, partly with sickenesse, ended hys lyfe, after he had in .60. greate battayles encountred with hys rebellious subiectes, and other enemyes, that were stered against him by the bishops of Rome.

Bohemund, Duke of Puel, retourned out of Asia, and toke to wyfe Constance the daughter of Philip kynge of Fraunce. [The yere of the worlde 5068] [The yere of Christ 1107]

[Anni regum Angli 7] Henrye, the .v. of that name, after the death of hys fa∣ther, toke on him the gouernaunce of the empyre. Which he vsurped rebellyng against his father in hys life tyme, and reigned .xx. yeres.

Lewys, surnamed the grosse, began hys reigne ouer Fraunce, and continued .xxx. yeres, shortly after hys co∣ronacion, a noble man, called Guylerous, rebelled, and was brought to due obeysaunce.

In Englande appeared a blasyng sterre betweene the southe and the weast: and againste that in the east, appea∣red a great beame of brightnesse, stretchyng towarde the sterre, and shortly after were seen .ii. moones, the tone in the east, the tother in the weast.

Alphons, the .vii. king of Spaine, reigned one and fifty yeres.

[Anni regum Angli 8] Alexius, emperour of Constātinople, vexed the Christi∣ans, [The yere of the worlde 5069] [The yere of Christ 1108] which were occupyed in warre against the Turkes in Asia. Wherefore Bo〈…〉〈…〉 ••uell ledde againste hym a stronge armie, and besieged Dyrachium. But A∣lexius, fearynge the puisaunce of Bohemunde, entreated meanes of peace: which was concluded, and Bohemund passed againe to Antioche.

A certaine bishop of Flu••ntine, about this time taught, that Antichrist was come, beyng meeued with the won∣derful straunge sightes which were seen in these daies.

[Anni regum Angli 9] Baldwyne, kinge of Ierusalem, toke Berinthum, [The yere of the worlde 5070] [The yere of Christ 1109] and by force of armes subdued Sy••••n.

Henrye the emperour desyred to wife Maude the eldest

daughter of kynge Henrye of Englande, being then but v. yeres of age, nor hable to be maried.

Kyng Henrie ordeined the bishops see of Eely, and ad∣ded therto Cambridge shyre.

Alexander the .v. sonne of Malcolme reigned in Scot∣lande .xvii. yeares, he quyeted the Murrais and Rossis whiche troubled his realme.

Debate fel betwene the king of Englande and Lewys of Fraunce, [The yere of the worlde 5071] [The yere of Christ 1110] for the castell of Gisdurs, and homage, [Anni regum Angli 10] whi∣che Lewys required to be dooen for the Duchie of Nor∣mandie.

Worthy thākes were rendred to Henry the emperour, by the bisshop of Rome, [The yere of the worlde 5073] [The yere of Christ 1112] for that he, folowynge hys coun∣sayle, [Anni regum Angli 12] armed hym against his natural father. For at this tyme, whan he came to Rome, he could not by any mea∣nes obteine to be crowned of the bishop with the impery∣all Diademe, onlesse he would vtterly grant, that as wel the bishops of Rome, as all other, shoulde be chosen, and admitted without the emperours cōsent. But he by force toke the bishoppe and hys cardynalles, and constreigned theim, both to annoynct hym emperour, and also to geue to hym the former pryuileges, of the election of the by∣shops of Rome, and the inuestiture of other byshops. At whiche tyme was suche rufflynge in the citee, that yf the emperour had not manfully defended hys owne person, he had at that present ben slaine.

Bishop Pascale, assemblyng a counsayle, not onely re∣uoked the priuileges, [The yere of the worlde 5074] [The yere of Christ 1113] [Anni regum Angli 13] whiche he had graunted to the em∣perour, saiyng, that he was forced therto: but also excom¦municated hym.

At Shrewsbury, in England, was a great earthquake. And the riuer of Trent was so dried, that thespace of one daye men went ouer drieshode. A blasyng sterre appered soone after: and there vpon folowed a hard winter, death of men, scarcitee of vitailes, moraine of beastes.

A great sedicion in Rome against bishoppe Pascale, for the death of Peter, [The yere of the worlde 5075] [The yere of Christ 1114] prefect of the citee. [Anni regum Angli 14]

The emperour came againe into Italie. And there sub¦dued and spoiled many of the bishops townes and citees. And expulsyng Pascale out of Rome, was againe crow∣ned

emperour of a bishop called Mau ritius.

About this time in Aemilia and Flammania it rained bloudde.

[Anni regum Angli 15] The Turkes, Sarasens, & Arabes, [The yere of the worlde 5076] [The yere of Christ 1115] nere to the mount called Regalis, vanquished, chased, and putte to flyghte Baldwine, kinge of Ierusalem, and slewe many of the Christian people.

Henrie, kinge of Englande, subdued the Welshemen, whiche oftentimes rebelled: and made theym sweare to him fealtie and obeisaunce, and to deliuer pledges to the more certayn confirmacion, and suert••e therof. He gaue also his doughter in mariage to y^e emperour, with great dower, and ordeyned Willyam his sonne duke of Nor∣mandie: wherof beganne the custome and vsage that the kinges of England made theyr eldest sonnes Dukes of Normandie.

Stephene, the .ii. kynge of Hungarye, reygned .xviii. yeres. He had continuall peace with the Comanes. He toke to wife the doughter of Robert Guiscard, and died without issue.

About this time king Alexander of Scotland was in great daunger to haue bene murdered in his chambre.

[Anni regum Angli 16] Mathildis or Maude, a noble woman of Italye, dyed, who all her life time fauoured greatlie, [The yere of the worlde 5077] [The yere of Christ 5116] and mainteyned the bishops of Rome: and at her death, bequethed to the churche of Rome the parte of Hetrucia, nowe called. S. Peters patromonie.

[Anni regum Angli 17] Calo Iohannes succeded his father Alexius, [The yere of the worlde 5078] [The yere of Christ 1117] in the em¦pyre of Constantinople, and reygned .••xv. yeres.

The citisens of Pise in Italy▪ expulsed the Sarasens and conquered the iles called Baleares, by Spayne▪

[Anni regum Angli 18] The warre was reuiued betwene king Henry of Eng¦lande and Lewis of France. [The yere of the worlde 5079] [The yere of Christ 1118] Lewis inuaded Norman∣die with much crueltee, and toke the citee Lingues in Cause: wherfore Henrie gatheringe a strong army, met with Lewis in plaine field, and fought with him a dead∣ly and cruel battaile: in the ende whereof Lewis was o∣uercome, and constreigned to forsake the field, Baldwin erle of Flaunders slain, and Hēry recouered the towne of Lyngues.

Gelasins, the .ii. bishop of Rome one yere. At whyche time in Fraunce a sowe farowed a pygge, which had a face like to a man, a cocke was hatched, that hadde .iiii. feete, the winter was maruellous harde and vnseasona∣ble, wherof ensued a great dearth & moreyne of cattaile. Innumerable byrdes were sene fightinge in the ayre, of which many fell dead to the grounde. An horrible earth∣quake .40. dayes together in Italy.

[The yere of the worlde 5080] [The yere of Christ 1119] Calistus, the .ii. being ordeined bishop of Rome, [Anni regum Angli 19] made peace and attonement with the emperour.

Baldwine of Burgoyne, was made the .iii. kynge of Ierusalem.

Willyam duke of Normandie, and Richarde the son∣nes of kinge Henrye of Englande, [The yere of the worlde 5081] [The yere of Christ 1120] [Anni regum Angli 20] and Mary his dough¦ter Richarde erle of Chester, with his wife the kynges nice, and other to the noumber of .16••▪ persons, passinge from Normandie into England, by ouersight of the ship maister were drowned, sauing one butcher, which esca∣ped the daunger.

Roger Duke of Sicilie (in the absence of Duke willy¦am) inuaded the countrey of Calabre and Puel, and na¦med him selfe king of Italye.

Baldwine king of Ierusalem, toke Gazim, kinge of the Turkes, [The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ 1121] whiche inhabited the lesse Asia: [Anni regum Angli 21] and wyth like successe vanquished, and toke prisoner, the kinge of Damascus.

Iohn▪ a cardinall, was sent of Caliest into Englande for reformacion of diuers matters perteining to the cler¦gie. Who in open counsaile, with moste bitter wordes, enuied and thundred againste such priestes as nourished concubines: but in the next euening, he was taken hym selfe wyth a strumped, to his open rebuke, and shortly af¦ter retourned to Rome with shame enough.

Bernard the monke, Ruduerte, Hugo of Paryse, and Haliabas a phisicion flourished.

Dominicus Michael▪ duke of Uenice, with a well fur¦nished nauie, [The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ 1122] sailed into Asia: [Anni regum Angli 22] and at the citee Ioppen vanquished the Sarasens, toke of them a great numbre and conquered the citee T••rus. In his retourne for dys∣pleasure kendled toward the emperour of Constantino∣nople,

which caused him to be sente for home, he spoyled Rhodes and Chius: and subdued Sanius, Lesbus, Mi∣lene, and dyuers other places, whyche belonged to the empire of Constantinople.

Roberte, erle of Myllaine, inuaded and spoyled the countrey of Normandye, and was vanquished & taken by the souldiours of king Henrie of Englande.

Bishop Calixt by force of armes subdued Burdinus, [The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ 1123] which by certaine noble men was proclaymed bishop of Rome agaynst him: [Anni regum Angli 23] And brought the sayd Burdine in a triumph to Rome vpon an asse backe, in great despite set¦ting his face to the tayle of the beast.

[Anni regum Angli 24] Charles erle of Flaunders, [The yere of the worlde 5085] [The yere of Christ 1124] by meane of the prouost of Bruggis▪ was slayne in the churche, as he was hearing diuine seruice. After whose deathe, Lewys kynge of Fraunce aduaunced William the sonne of Robert Cur¦thoyse to the sayd Erldome of Flaunders, on whom im¦mediatly Theodorich, Erle of Alsacia, made mortall warre, and was of him vanquished and forced to flee to Alustum, where continuinge the siege, Willyam was wounded to death with a darte, that was caste from the walles. And after this decesse, Theodorich, his enemye, possessed the Erledome of Flaunders.

[Anni regum Angli 25] Balach king of the Parthes toke Baldwine king of Ierusalem, and slew many of the Christian capitaines, [The yere of the worlde 5086] [The yere of Christ 1125] and souldiours of Asia.

Honorius the .ii. bishop of Rome .v. yeres.

¶Dauie succeded Alexander in the kingdome of Scot¦land. He buylded so many abbeis and gaue muche lan∣des to the churche that his successours were scantly able to maintein their estate. He diminished the reuenues of the crowne .60. thousande pounde. He had no warres all the time of Henry Beuclerke.

[Anni regum Angli 27] Lothayre Duke of Saxonie, after the death of Henry by consent of the electours, was chosen emperour. [The yere of the worlde 5088] [The yere of Christ 1127] This man is not onely commended for his martial knighthod and noble prowes, but also for the worthi fauour he bare towarde religion and honest lawes. By his procuremēt the ciuile lawes, which of longe time were hid in duste, in all liberaries, and cleane out of vse among men, were

againe restored to the worlde, and commaunded to be v∣sed in all countreis.

The graie friers came first into Englande.

Maude, the doughter of kinge Henrie, after the death of her husband the emperour, came into England to her father.

The order of S. Iohns hospitalles, templares, [Anni regum Angli] and other lyke beganne first at this time. [The yere of the worlde 5089] [The yere of Christ 1128]

¶Geffrei Plantagenct, erle of Angeow, maried Maud the empresse, doughter of king Henrie, of which two des¦cended Henrie the .ii. which reigned after Stephene.

[The yere of the worlde 5091] [The yere of Christ 1130] Innocent••us, [Anni regum Angli 30] the .ii. beinge ordeyned bishop of Rome went immediatlie with a stronge armye againnt Roger Erle of Sicilie, at whiche time he toke by violence the towne of ••. Germanye, and besieged Roger in the castell Gelucium. But William, Duke of Calabre, deliuered his father, and toke the bishop prisoner: with certaine of his cardinalles: whom he shortly after sette at libertee. In the meane time the people of Rome named one Pe∣ter to be bishop, which was the son of a citesin called▪ Pe∣ter Leo, Wherfore Innocent durst not returne▪ to Rome but fled straight into Fraunce. This man first ordeined that he which st roke a priest should be excommunicate. Balde quinus, king of Damascus, was vanquished of Baldwine king of Ierusalem.

[The yere of Christ 1131] Fulco erle of Angeow, [Anni regum Angli 31] was ordeined the fourth king of Ierusalem. [The yere of the worlde 5902]

About this time Philip, the eldest sonne of Lewys king of France, by misfortune was slaine with an horse in Paris.

Lewis the younger, by consent of his father, was an¦noincted king of Fraunce.

[The yere of the worlde 5903] [The yere of Christ 1132] Henrie, king of Englande, [Anni regum Angli 32] bicause he had none other issue male, ordeyned that his doughter Maude whyche had bene empresse should suceede him in the kingdome.

Fulco king of Ierusalē, slew a great noumbre of the Turkes, and builded the castell or sort called Ibelli••um

[The yere of the worlde 5094] [The yere of Christ 1133] Lothayre the emperour restored Innocentius to the bi¦shoprike of Rome and recouered of him the imperiall Diademe. [Anni regum Angli 33]

Bela, the sonne of Almus (whom Calomannus had be∣reft of his sight) was ordeyned kynge of Hungarye, and reygned .x. yeres. He punisshed theim extremelye, whi∣che caused that crueltee to be shewed toward his father, and vanquisshed in battayle one Borichus, the bastarde sonne of Calomannus▪ whiche by ayde of the Pelonians and Rutenes, affected the kyngdome: and toke to wyfe Helena, the daughter of the king of Seruia.

Lewys, the yong king of France, maried Alenour, [The yere of the worlde 5096] whi¦the was right heyre to the prouince of Aqullaine. [The yere of Christ 1135]

Kyng Henry of Englande, being in Normandye, with a fal of his horse, toke his death.

STephene Erle of Boloyne, the soonne of the Erle of Bloyes, [Anni regum Angli 1] and Adela, Wylliam cōquerours daughter, [The yere of the worlde 5097] [The yere of Christ 1136] and nephew to Henry the firste, toke on hym the go∣uernance of this realme of Englande. This was a noble man, and hardye, of passyng comely fauoure and perso∣nage. In all princely vertue he excelled: as, in marciall pollicie, affabilitee, gentilnesse, and bountefull lyberaly∣tee towarde all men, and especially in the beginnyng: for although he had continuall warre, yet dyd he neuer bur∣dein▪ his commons with exactions, sauing only certaine bishops, which flowyng in riches, builded dyuers castels that tourned the kyng after to greate trouble. Onelye in this he s••••ied blame worthie, that contrarye to hys othe, made to Maude the daughter of Henrie, he was thought vniustly to take on him the crowne. For which cause he was vexed with warees all the tyme of his reigne.

Great trouble and discencion in England, for so much as dyuers of the nobles fauoured Maude the empresse, a∣gaine Stephene, which was in possession of the crowne.

Warre betwene kinge Stephene and Dauid of Scot∣lande, because he refused to doe to hym hys homage for Northumberlande and Hunting ton▪ wh••che he helde by his wyfe▪ In this warre (the Scottisshe historye sayeth) the Duke of Gloucester was taken.

Steph••ne made peace, and agreed with Dauid kynge of Scottes, and receiued of hym homage after he hadde wonne from hym certaine townes and castels, and gaue to Henry, the son of Dauid, the Erldome of Huntington.

¶ Lewys the eight, surnamed the yonger, after the death of his father, was ordeyned kyng of Fraunce. In the be¦ginnynge of hys reigne, died (Ioannes de temporibus) whiche (as witnesseth the Frence cronicle) was a squyer in the tyme of Charles the great, and liued ouer .300. yeres.

Lothayre the emperour went to Rome the second tyme, against Roger, [The yere of the worlde 5098] [The yere of Christ 1137] whiche named hym selfe kynge of Italy: [Anni regum Angli 2] But Roger, hearyng of the emperours comyng towarde hym, sled into Sicilie. Than the byshop of Rome gaue the Duchie of Puell to Raynon, a knyghte of the empe¦rours, whom also he ordeined gouernour of Italie.

A vaine rumour was spredde in England of the death of kynge Stephene, whiche was cause of muche trouble and businesse in the realme. For dyuers of the lordes got theim to theyr holdes: whiche after myght scantlye with great labour be quieted and appeased. After whiche time Stephene passed into Normandye against Geffrey Erle of Angeow, the husbande of Maude the empresse, whiche was right heyre to the crowne, and whan he had quieted that prouince, he named Eustace his sōne Duke of Nor∣mandye and enered frendshippe and league with Lewys king of Fraunce.

Richardus de. S. Uictore, Rabi Salomon a Iew, and Almeon well skilled in the Quadriuialles lyued at this tyme.

Eustace, the sonne of kyng Stephene, maried the sister of Lewys kinge of Fraunce, whiche mariage continued the amitee betwene England and Fraunce.

Chunrade, Duke of Suane, a man of noble and valiāt courage, [Anni regum Angli 4] by consente of the electours was chosen empe∣roure, [The yere of the worlde 5039] [The yere of Christ 1138] and reigned .xv. yeres. Whom no writer testifieth to be crowned of the bishop of Rome: but that he vsed im∣peryal auctoritee withoute his admissyon. At the begyn∣nyng againste hym rebelled a Duke of the Saxones, na∣med Henry: but he was shortlye broughte in subiection, and his Dukedome geuen to the Erle of Austrich.

Dauid, kyng of Scotlande (repentynge hym of the for∣mer agremēt made with king Stephene, [The yere of the worlde 5100] [The yere of Christ 1139] [Anni regum Angli 3] and purposing to recouer the crowne of Englād for Maude his nephew and daughter of kyng Henry) in most cruel wise inuaded

Northumberland: where by Thrustone, bishop of Yorke, the Scottes were driuen backe, and slaine in great num••bre, and Dauid constreigned to geue his sonne Henrie in hostage for suretee of peace.

In the meane season kyng Stephene was occupied in ci∣uile warre against Robert Erle of Glocester and others, whiche fauoured the parte of Maude: whome the kynge subdued, and part of theim forced to forsake the realme.

Maude the empresse came into this land out Norman∣dye, [Anni regum Angli 6] and by the ayde of Roberte Erle of Gloucester, [The yere of the worlde 5102] [The yere of Christ 1141] and Ranul••h of Chester, made strong warre vpon king Ste∣phene: in the end whereof the kynges partee was chased, and hym selfe taken prisoner, and sente to Bristow, there to be kept in sure holde. But than the Ken••sshemen and Londinars, fauouryng the kinge, warred vpon the rebel∣les, & in open field toke Robert Erle of Gloucester. But shortly after bothe the kynge and Robert were d••lyuered oute of pryson by exchaunge: and Stephene withoute de∣laie gatheryng to him a stronge armie, in such wise pur∣sued his enemyes, that he forced Maude, with other of his frendes, to forsake the realme. The warre continued a long season, to the great domage of the realme.

The Romayns, desyryng their former and auncient li∣bertee, ordeyned two senatours, whiche shoulde gouerne the lordships and prouinces belongyng as yet to the citee of Rome. But Innocent the bishop withstode, theyr pur∣pose, and callyng a counsayle, ordeined, that no laye man should ley violent handes vpon a priest.

[Anni regum Angli 7] ¶Emanuell was created emperour of Constantinople, [The yere of the worlde 5103] [The yere of Christ 1142] and reigned .xxviii. yeares. He vsed muche vilanye to∣warde the Christyans that passed into Asia against the Turkes, as after shal appeare.

Anteenna the phisicfon, Auerrois the interpretoure of Aristotle, & a wicked philosophier, Abraham A••enestrae a Iew and an astronomer, and Baliardus a peripatetike flourisshed.

[Anni regum Angli 8] ¶G••isa, sonne of Bela, was made king of Hungary, and reigned .xx. yeres. [The yere of the worlde 5104] [The yere of Christ 1143] He kept fyerce warre with the Ger¦maines, whiche brake into Pannonie, and was of theim at the fyrst encounter vanquisshed: but at the second time

he obteined the vyctorie. This man receiued and noblie interteined the emperour and the Frenche king, as they yode towarde Hierusalem.

Roger, Erle of Sicilie, recouered all the lordshipe, whi∣che he was before possessed of in Italie: and than passed with a strōge nauie into Afrike where in many battailes he weried the Sarasens, and made them, with theyr king Tunete, to hym tributarye: whiche tribute they payed duely the space of xxx. yeres.

Alaph, kynge of the Turkes, reconquered the citee of Mesopotamia, called Edissa, and practised moste extreme vilanie and crueltee towarde the Christians.

Celestine byshop of Rome .v. monethes. After hym Lucius .ix. monethes, and than Eugenius .viii. yeres, whiche was troubled with the sedicyon of the people, de∣siryng theyr consulles.

[The yere of Christ 1144] ¶Baldwine the .iii. was ordeyned the .v. kynge of Hieru∣salem, after his father Fulco. [Anni regum Angli 9]

S. Barnard exhorted the Christiā prynces to take armes against the Turkes. Chunrade, the emperoure of Ger∣manie, gatheryng for that purpose a strong armie, went to Constantinople, & by the counsaile of Emanuell (whi∣che promised faiethfully to puruey all thinges necessarye for hys armye) passed ouer Bospherus, withoute prepa∣raunce of vitayle and for age, and besieged Iconium. E∣manuell sent to hym meale mengled with lyme: with the whiche the souldiours of Chunrade were poysoned and destroyed, in suche wyse, that he was fayne to leaue the siege, and retourne againe into Thracia.

Baldwine, kyng of Hierusalem, repayred Gaza, and conquering the citee Alcalō, gaue it to the templares. He ouer came the Turkes at Hierico, and slew of them .5000 and in lyke maner vanquisshed, chased, and slewe Nora∣dinus mayster of the chiualrye of Damascus, with hys company.

A synode was assembled in Fraunce, in the which B••∣liardus, a phylosophier of excellente learnynge, but not consenting in al poinctes with the Romaine church, was conuicted, and afterwarde made him selfe a monke.

[The yere of the worlde 5106] [The yere of Christ 1145] Lewys kyng of Fraunce, [Anni regum Angli 10] settyng forthe towarde Asia

against the Turkes, came to Constantinople: and by the treason of Emanuel the emperour, was led by desertes, and wildernesses of S••rie, with great'ie opardie of his men: and at the last through scarcitee of vitayles and all necessaries▪ was constreigned to bringe his hoste, being sore weried and febled, to the citee of Antioch.

Gracian collectont of the decrees, Peter commester auctour of the historie called Scholastica, Petrus Lon∣gobardus maister of the sentences, and Otto ••rigensis a wel learned bishop were famous.

Roger erle of Sicilie, being greued with the vntreuth and villaine of Emanuel the emperour of Constantino¦ple, went against him with a great puisaunce, and sub∣dued Cor••yra, toke the citees Corinth, Thebes, Eubola, and other, and then fearinge the ayde of the Uenecians, bent his power toward Asia, where he caused the Sara∣sens at the port of Simeon, which hadde entrapped and compassed the Frenche kynge. In his retourne he beset the citee of Constantinople with a hard siege.

About this time in England the Iewes crucified a child vpon Easter daye at Norwich▪ in derision of christe and his religion.

[Anni regum Angli 11] Chunrade the Emperour, & Lewis the king of France comminge to Ierusalem, [The yere of the worlde 5107] [The yere of Christ 1146] ioygned their puisaunce wyth king Baldwine, and besieged Damascus. But they be∣ing deceiued by an Assirian, whom they trusted, forsoke the siege, and shortly after retourned into Europe.

Geffrey Plantagenet, the husbande of Maude the em¦presse (who, continuing the warres against kinge S••••∣phene of Englande: had wonne from him the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Normandie) ended his life: and his sonne Henrie succe∣ded in that Dukedome.

Roger erle of Sicilie, retourning from Constantino∣ple was spoyled and robbed of the Uen••••l••us whiche mette him in his iourney. [Anni regum Angli 12] [The yere of the worlde 5108] [The yere of Christ 1147]

Stephene kinge of Englande, after longe warre and muche trouble, was againe crowned kinge at 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Robert Erle of Gloucester made newe warre vpon the king, and had the better hand of him at Wilt••n, so that the king was like to haue fallen into Robertes daunger

But he escaped with much payne.

Noradinus a Sarasen, after the departure of the em¦perour & other princes out of Asia, besieged the citee of Antioch, [The yere of the worlde 5109] [The yere of Christ 1148] [Anni regum Angli 13] and toke and slew manye of the capitaines and souldiours of the Christian people.

Dominicus Maur••cenus, Duke of Uenyce, [Anni regum Angli 14] subdued to his signorie Pola, [The yere of the worlde 5110] [The yere of Christ 1149] Rubinum, Parenticum, Hemoni∣an, and Humagum.

Eustace bishop of Rome, [Anni regum Angli 15] which was by the citisins ex¦pelled, [The yere of the worlde 5111] [The yere of Christ 1150] came into Italy againe: and partly by force, part¦ly by agrement, recouered Taracine, Norba, & certayne other places, which were withholden from him.

About this tme Lewys king of Fraunce repudiated Alinour his wife, whom Henry duke of Normandie, af∣terwarde coupled to him in open maryage: by meane wherof he became of great power. For by his father, he was Erle of Angeow by his mother Duke of Norman∣die, and by his wife Erle of Poytow and Guyan.

Lewys king of France maryed Constance the dough¦ter of Alphons king of Castile.

In England the riuer of Thamis was so strongly fro¦sen, that horse and carte passed ouer vpon the yse.

[The yere of Christ 1152] Anastasius the .iiii. bishoppe of Rome one yere and an halfe. [The yere of the worlde 5113] [Anni regum Angli 17]

Henrie duke of Normandie, in the quarell of his mo∣ther Maude, with a great puisaunce entred into Englād and at the firste wanne the castel of Mulmesburie, then the tower of London, and afterwarde the towne of Not¦tingham, with other holdes and castelles. Betwene him and king Stephen were foughten many battails, wher¦by this realme was sore troubled,

Friderich, surnamed Barbarossa, [Anni regum Angli 18] was emperor of Al¦maine, [The yere of the worlde 5114] [The yere of Christ 1153] 36. yeres. He was stronge in armes, of lusty cou¦rage, expert in martiall feates, mighty of body, in coun∣saile prouident, manly in his affaires, easie to be spoken to, gentil to gētil persons, & haught minded toward the proud, of witte sharpe and quicke, and of good memory: finally, in noblenesse & iust••ce a renowmed prince, whi¦che though he were of nature gentle & meke, yet coulde he not saffer the shamefull iniuries done to hym by the

Romayne bishops, as it shal after somewhat appeare.

Ioachim Magnus of Calabre, an abbotte that had the gift of prophecie, Petrus Blesensis, and Iohannes Me∣sue phisicions. Alpetragius Marrocrila••us an astrono∣mer, Bosianus a lawier flourished.

Peace was agreed betwene Maude the empresse, her sonne Henrie, and king Stephene on this condicion, that Stephene (duringe his life time) shoulde holde the kyng∣dome of Englande, and Henrye in the meane tyme, to be proclaimed heire apparaunt in the chiefe cityes through¦out the realme.

Adrian an Englisheman bishop of Bome viii. yeres.

The Romaines ceassed not to make ernest suite, bothe with praiers & manasinges, that they might obteyne the free gouernance of consulles, which thinge bishop A••ry∣an gainsayed, and at length with cursing and banninge forced them to be at rest.

Willyam king of Sicilie ouerran and wasted the coun¦trey about Boneuent: and therfore was striken with the thunderbolte of excommunicacion, by the bishoppe of Rome.

Friderich the emperour passing into Iialy in his iour¦ney subdued Derdona, [Anni regum Angli 19] and then yode towarde Rome: [The yere of the worlde 5115] [The yere of Christ 1154] where he was mette by the bishoppe, and after crowned with the imperiall Diademe. At whyche tyme was re••∣sed a great cōmocion by the people of Rome against the Germaines.

¶Malcolme the maiden, being .xiii. yeres of age, succe¦ded his vncle Dauid in the kingdome of Scotlande, and reygned▪ xii yeaes. Shortlye after, one Somerled affec∣ted ehe crowne who was suppressed by Gilchrist Erle of Angus.

[Anni regum Angli 1] HEnrie the second of that name, the son of Geffrey Plantagenet & Maude the empresse doughter of king Henrie the firste, [The yere of the worlde 5116] [The yere of Christ 1155] began his reigne ouer thys realme of Englande, and continued .35. yeres. He was samwhat redde of face, short of bodie, and therwith fatte of sp••ace reasonable, and well lettered, and also noble in knighthod and fortunate in battaile: of couragious hert wise in counsaile, and loued wet peace, liberall to straun¦gers,

but hard to his familiars, slow of answere, vnsted∣fast of promyse, geuen some deale to pleasure, & an open spousbreaker: in religion negligent, but not so muche as he is made of some writers, whiche seme to be more mee∣ued with affection towarde Thomas Becket, then wyth the true consideracion of his actes and deedes. In his tune, by his great manhode and pollicie, the signorye of Englande was muche augmented, with the addicion of Scotlande and Ireland, the iles Orcades, Britaine, Poy¦tow, Guyan, and other prouinces of Fraunce.

Lewys king of Fraunce maried Ales his third wife the doughter of Theobalde erle of Blesence.

William kinge of Sicilie, whan by faire entreatie he coulde not obteyne peace of the bishoppe of Rome, with a great puysaunce spoyled the countrey of Puell, & chased the Grecians: and then for frate was receyued into the bishops fauour.

[The yere of Christ 1156] Uitalis Michaell, duke of Uenice, toke in battayle Ul∣rich the patriarch of Aquileta, [The yere of the worlde 5117] [Anni regum Angli 2] with .70••. of the nobles of Hungarie and Forum••••l••i, and made the people of Fo∣rumtulii tributary to Uenice.

Henrie of England cast downe diuers castelles whiche were erected in the tyme of Stephene. He wente into the Northpartes, and receyued of the Scottes, Cumberland and Northumberlande, which they sayde were g••u••n to them by Maude his mother, and sette an ordre in that countrey.

The variance began first betwene the emperour and the citee of Millaine, whiche refused his dominion, [Anni regum Angli 3] and endeuoured to bringe other citees of Italie vnder her sub∣iection.

[The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ 1157] In Englande were sene in the firmament .ii. sonnes and in the moore appeared a red crosse. Aboute the same time in Italie in the moneth of Nouembre appeared .iii. sonnes, and the yere folowing .iii. moones. Of the which the middelmost had a redde crosse.

King Henrye went with a stronge armie into Wales and quieted that countrey, and after buylded the stronge castell of Rutland.

[The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ 1158] About this time came into England certaine Germai∣nes [Anni regum Angli 4]

to the number of .xxx. whiche taught the abrogacyon of the sacramentes of the aulter, baptisme, and wedlock.

Wylliam kyng of Sicilie, the whole college of cardy∣nalles, and dyuers citees of Italie, conspired against the emperour Friderich, which was occupied in the warres against Myllaine, & gaue to the bishop of Romela greate summe of money to excommunicate the emperour.

About this tyme one Angus of Galloway rebelled in Scotland, which was subdued, by Gilchrist Erle of An∣gus. Not long after the Murrasy rose against their king, and were suppressed with great slaughter.

Adrian bishop of Rome dyed beyng choked with a flye in his drinke: who, a little before his death affyrmed that there was no kynde of lyfe more miserable than the Pa∣pacie.

[Anni regum Angli 5] Alphons kyng of Castile died as he was coming from Hierusalem, and left after him his sonne Sanctius: [The yere of the worlde 510] [The yere of Christ] who being slain in A••rabia, his brother Ferdinande succeded in the kyngdome, and reigned .31. yeres.

Great discorde and variaunce in Rome for the election of the bishop, for some of the cardinalles chose one Octa∣uyan: but other some, and the more parte, named Alex∣ander. At whiche tyme the emperoure (to whose iudge∣ment the matter was referred) whan that Alexander dys∣deyned to abyde his arbiterment, confyrmed Octauian. Than old Alexander flee into Fraunce and there excom¦municated out of the numbre of the faithfull, bothe Fri∣derich the emperour, and Octauian the Antipape: and in a counsayle at Claremounte disanulled the actes of the counsayle of Paule.

This schisme continued wel nere .xx. yeres. [The yere of the worlde 5121] [The yere of Christ 1160]

[Anni regum Angli 6] Lewys kynge of Fraunce gaue his daughter Marga∣rete in mariage to Hearle the sonne of the kyng of Eng∣land, by reasō wherof was appeaced the warre & grudge betwene France & England for the lādes of Poytow. &c

Friderich the emperour came the fourth time into Ita¦lye, [Anni regum Angli 7] and wasted the citee of Terdona, robbed Cremona, [The yere of the worlde 1122] [The yere of Christ 1161] spoyled Myllaine (whiche had bene cause of muche mys∣chiefe) and cast it to the earth. For whiche cause the Ue∣ronenses, Patauines, and Uincentines by the stering of

the Uenecians coniured, and made confederacie against the emperour. At the subuercion of Millaine, the women (whiche hadde lybertie to departe with as muche as they coulde carie) leuynge their riches and treasure, toke with them their infantes and yonge children: with whiche ex∣ample of motherly charite the emperour beynge greatly delyted, graunted to them al their whole substaunce and the sauegarde of their chyldren.

This yeare (as saith Fabian) kynge Henry of Englande went into Scotland, and made so fierce warre vpon their kynge William, that lastely he toke him, & caused him to make recompensacion in yelding to him the castel of Car¦lell, the castel of Bamburgh with diuers other, and recei¦ued of hym feaulte and homage.

Uladislaus, [Anni regum Angli 8] for his valiant knighthode whiche he decla∣red in the Syege and expungnacion of Myllaine, [The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ 1162] was by the emperour ordeined the .ii. kynge of Boheme, and had geuen to him for his armes the red raunping Lion, with the forked tayle.

The emperour Friderich sought diuers meanes of peace and agreement with Alexander bishop of Rome: But he would not in any wyse agree.

[The yere of Christ 1163] Almericus succeded his brother Baldwine in the kyng∣dome of Hierusalem, [The yere of the worlde 5124] [Anni regum Angli 9] he vanquisshed the Aegipcians and toke the citye Alexandria, whiche he restored to the Soul done vppon promyse of a great summe of money for the same: but whan promyse was not kept for the paiemente thereof, Almericus besieged him in the towne called Cay¦rum, or Cares.

Stephene the .iii. was ordeyned king of Hungarie, and reigned .ix. yeares.

Guido bishop of Crema after the death of Octauian, was made bishop of Rome by the emperoure, [The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ 1164] [Anni regum Angli 10] at whiche tyme Alexander was still in Fraunce.

Thomas becker bishop of Caunterbury (whiche sedici¦ouselye vnder pretence of defendynge the lyberties of the churche (as he sayd) spake and dyd many thinges against the kinges prerogatiue royall, and contrarye to all good ordre of ciuile gouernaunce) was expelled out of the real∣me, or more verely fled himselfe to Rome to complayne

vpon the kynge to the byshop.

The welshemen rebelled and were brought againe in subiection.

[Anni regum Angli 11] Byshop Alexandre returned out of Fraunce to Rome, [The yere of the worlde 5126] [The yere of Christ 1165] and was receiued of the people, contrarye to the Empe∣rours mynde.

[Anni regum Angli 12] The Romaines, [The yere of the worlde 5127] [The yere of Christ 1166] for so muche as the Tusculanes refu∣sed to paye a fowage, that was of theym exacted, made fierce warre▪ vpon theim, and by the ayde of the Germai∣nes, were them selues vanquisshed and slayne in greate noumbre.

Frederich the emperour retournyng to Rome, subdued a great parte of the borders of Hetrucia, and beclipped the citye of Rome with a stronge syege: at whiche tyme a great noumbre of his souldiours and many of the noble men perisshed with a sodeine pestilence.

Wylliam succeded his brother Malcolme and was ordei¦ned kynge of Scottes.

Alexander the bishop wasagayne constraigned to flye in to Fraunce.

In this meane tyme the citie of Myllaine was repayred and newely builded.

The Uenecians expelled the Hung ares from Iadara The people of Dalmacie submitted theym to Emanuell the emperour of Grece. A bitter commociō was kendled betwene the emperours of Grece and the Ueneciās whi¦che bereft him of diuers citees, townes, and ilandes.

After the desease of Malcolme, William king of Scot¦tes, came into England and did to king Henry feaultee and homage, as Malcolme had done before.

The citee of Alexandria in Italie, was erected by the people of Millaine Placentia, [Anni regum Angli] and Cremona, [The yere of the worlde 5129] [The yere of Christ] king Hen∣rie of Englande caused Henrie his eldest son to be crow¦ned king: as he thought to the great quyetnesse as well of him selfe as of his realme, but as it proued to the vtter disturbance of them both.

[Anni regum Angli 15] Guydo the Antipape dyed, [The yere of the worlde 5130] [The yere of Christ 1169] after whom succeded Ioan¦nes which was the thirde bishop that was set vp by the emperour against Alexander.

The Romains vtterly destroyed Alba.

Raynold Erle of Tusculane submitted hym selfe and his lordship to the Romaine bishop.

Siracinus or Xaracon the fyrst Souldaine of Aegypt, after he had murdered Zuar the Catiph. [The yere of the worlde 5131] [The yere of Christ 1170] [Anni regum Angli 16]

[The yere of the worlde 5132] [The yere of Christ 1171] Thomas Becket, [Anni regum Angli 17] by the mediacion of Alerāder byshop of Rome, and Lewys the Frenche kyng, was restored to his bishoprike, and not longe after by certaine gentilm••, was slayne: the faulte whereof, was iniustly laied to the kynge.

Saladine, kyng of the Turkes, adnexed to his signory Aegypt and Sury. [The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ 1172] He was a man of great puisance, [Anni regum Angli 18] and a mightie and stronge warriour, whiche wrought much cathe to the Christians.

¶Baldwine the .iiii. was the .vii. kyng of Hierusalem.

Kyng Henrie of England sent ambassade to Alexāder bishoppe of Rome▪ to purge hym of the false accusaciō of the death of Thomas Becket. Amonge other thinges it was enioigned him in his penaunce, that it shuld be law¦ful to his subiectes as often as theim listed to appeale to the sea of Rome, and that no man shuld be accounted as kyng vntil suche tyme as he were confyrmed by the Ro∣mayne bishop. Wherby it manyfestly appeareth that the byshops of Rome in all theyr doynges endeuour only to haue princes and kingdomes subiecte to theyr becke, but this his iniunction was at no tyme fulfilled of the kynge of England.

Bela the .iii. and sonne of Stephene kyng of Hungary reigned .xviii. yeres. He beynge not troubled with exter∣nall hostilytee gaue hym selfe to peace, quyetnesse, and iustice.

Kyng Henrie subdued Irelande, and adnexed the same to his kyngdome.

Peter, a bishoppe of Lumbardie, wrate the boke of the Sentences.

[The yere of the worlde 5134] [The yere of Christ 1173] Friderich the emperour entred into Italy with a huge host the .v. time. [Anni regum Angli 19]

Lewys king of France sent an Erle of his in Asia with a great summe of money, whiche he had leuied of the be∣neuolence of the people, to susteine the Christians beyng in warre against the Turkes.

Thomas Becket was canonised by the bishop of Rome

Baldwine king of Ierusalem nere to Ascalon, vanqui∣shed Saladine the Turke and in like maner at the second encounter about Tiberiadi••. [Anni regum Angli 20] [The yere of the worlde 5135] [The yere of Christ 1174]

[Anni regum Angli 21] The people of Millaine with their confederates, [The yere of the worlde 5136] [The yere of Christ 1175] en∣countring the emperour in Italy obteined of him a blud¦die victorye.

Henrie the sonne of king Henrie of Englande, was crowned the secounde time with his wife Margaret the French kinges doughter.

Ema••n ll emperour of Grece inuaded Silicia, and wss ouerthrowen and chased of the Turkes.

King Henrie the sonne by the exciting of the kinge of Fraunce. Alinour his mother, and certaine other nobles toke armes and arrered deadly warre againste his natu¦rall father. [Anni regum Angli 22] Diuers stronge battayles were foughten: [The yere of the worlde 5137] [The yere of Christ 1176] as well in Englande, by the deputies and friendes of bothe partes, as also in Normandie, Pottew, Guyan, and Bri¦taine, where they were corporallie present: but the victo∣rie enclined alwaye to the father. There tooke parte a∣gainst king Henrie the father, Lewys king of Fraunce William kinge of Scotlande, Henrie, Geffrey, Iohn his owne sonnes Robert erle of Leceister, Hugh of Che¦ster, and other: but in the ende, the sonnes with their a∣lies were constreined to bende to their fathers will, and desire peace, whiche he gentlye graunted, and forgaue their trespasse. Wylliam kyng of Scottes, in this warre was taken, and yelded for his ranesome the citee of Car∣lell, the castell of Bamburgh, the new castell vpon Tine▪ and swore for euer to be true to the kinge. And as wel he as his successours, to do their homage as oftē as it shulde bee required, The Scottishe historie reciteth an other cause of this warre of William agaynst Kinge Henrye, and sayeth he was taken in the .1174. yere of our lord.

Friderich the emperour, after the disc••mfiture taken at Comum, made peace with his aduersaries, and came to Uenice to the bishop of Rome, where he so humiled hī selfe, that he suffered the bishoppe to treade vpon him, at which time was songe the verse of the hsalter. super as∣pidem et basiliscum ambulabis▪ conculcabis leonem et draco∣nem:

And when Friderich sayed, that he did not that o∣beysaunce to Alexander, but to Peter, he answerer. bothe to me and peter. Of this outragious pride, what is to be iudged, euery mā may esteme, But this is vndoubted that he stered such mortall and, cruell warres as we haue before shewed without anye iust cause onelye so: his pry∣uate election, and woulde obey neyther to counsayle, nor auctoritee, nor yet condescende to any attonement. Yea and desides this, with vnestimable pryde, ••yo conculcate and treade vnder fete, the highest power of prynces, whi¦ch god commaunded with great reuerence to be obeyed.

Bishop Alexander coming to Rome made peace with the citisins on this condicion, that their consulles should not be admitted vntill they had sworne to be obediente to him, and to enterprise nothing, wherby the power of the Romaine bishop might be diminished.

[The yere of the worlde 5139] [The yere of Christ 1178] In Englande fell great weathering, [Anni regum Angli 24] & tempest of thun¦dre and lightning in midwinter: & in sommer folowinge fell hayle of such greatnesse, that it slewe bothe man and beast.

Gilbert of Gallaway, rebelled in Scotlande, he was chased by Gilchrist, and driuen into Irelande: not longe after this, Gilchrist was banished for killinge his wyfe, the kinge s syster: & stealing after agayne into Scotland, liued a poore life a longe tyme, vntill by great chance he was receiued to the kinges mercie.

[The yere of the worlde 5240] Philyp the sonne of Lewis king of Fraunce, after the decease of his father, [The yere of Christ 1179] [Anni regum Angli 25] toke on him the gouernaunce of the realme, which he gouerned well and noblie .xliii. yeares. At the beginning he expelled the Iewes out of his lande.

At this time were many Iewes in England, which a∣gainst the feast of Easter, did vse to crucify yong children in despite of Christian religion.

[The yere of the worlde 5241] [The yere of Christ 1180] Alexius, being but a very childe, was ordeyned empe¦rour of Constantinople after the death of his father, by whom he was committed to the tuicion of a noble man called Andronicus: who first vsed him selfe towarhe the yonge emperour as a good tutour, after as a felow with him in the empyre, and lastlye as a shamefull trayteur murdered him, when he had reigned .iii-yeares.

Lucius the .172. byshoppe of Rome .iiii. yeres, who en∣deuouring to pull downe agayne the gouernaunce of the consulles, was driuen out of the citee, and fledde to Uero¦na. [Anni regum Angli 27] [The yere of the worlde 5142] [The yere of Christ 1181]

[Anni regum Angli 28] Henrie the eldest sonne of king Henrie of England, [The yere of the worlde 5143] [The yere of Christ 1182] en¦ded his life. Shortlye after beganne the warre betwene king Henrie and Philip of Fraunce: for homage that the Frenche king required to be done for the landes of Poy∣tow and other, and for the castell of Gisours.

Kynge Philip of Fraunce warred vpon the Duke of Burgoyne, [Anni regum Angli 29] for the castell of Uerginde. [The yere of the worlde 5144] [The yere of Christ 1183]

Andronicus, after he had murdered Alexiu••, toke on him the imperiall crowne,, and reigned .ii. yeres. Baldwine the v. being but a childe, was proclaimed king of Hierusalem.

Saladine kinge of Turkes, inuaded and spoyled the countrey about Ierusalem, and broughte much trouble to the Christians.

William kinge of Sicilie, [The yere of the worlde 5145] [The yere of Christ 1184] for certane iniuries done to the Latines, [Anni regum Angli 30] ledde a huge armie both by water and by lande, against the emperour of Constantinople, and toke the citee Thessalonica of Macedone, and subdued manye citees of Thrace and Grece to his obeisaunce.

Guydo toke on him the kingdome of Ierusalem▪ for the which was great contencion betweene him and the Erle of Tripolis named Raimunde, which discord gaue occasion to Saladine the Turke more cruelly to assaute the Christians in Asia.

Heraclius Patriarke of Ierusalem, whiche had bene in diuers partes of Europe, [Anni regum Angli 31] came to king Henrie, [The yere of the worlde 5146] [The yere of Christ 1185] desy∣ring him of ayde against the Turkes.

Isacius vanquished & put to death Andronicus em∣perour of Constantinople, and reygned there .xvi. yeres.

Urbane the .iii. bishop of Rome .ii. yeres.

Friderich emperour of Germanie, ordeined his sonne Henrie gouernour of the citees of Italie

In England the Iewes crucified a childe in the towne of Burie. [Anni regum Angli] [The yere of the worlde 5147] [The yere of Christ]

The Sarasens were chased and sleine at the citee An∣••••••e. Saladine the Turke besieged Tiberiadis, slewe

the Christians; toke prisoners king Guydo and the may¦sters of the templates. He receyued by agreement the ci∣tee Ascalone, and possessed Ladirea. Then he wente to Ierusalem, and conquered againe the citee .92. yeares after it was taken by the Christians. In the meane time the people of Antioch chased & slewe the Turkes in great numbre. ¶Here endeth the kingdome of Ierusalem.

The citee of Antioch was geuen vp to Saladine by the Patriarke for a great summe of money. [The yere of the worlde 5148] [The yere of Christ 1187] [Anni regum Angli 33]

Gregorie the .viii. bishop of Rome .57. dayes, and after him Clement the .iii. three yeres .v. monethes.

Richard erle of Poytow made warre againste kynge Henrie of Englande his father, [The yere of the worlde 5149] [The yere of Christ 1188] [Anni regum Angli 34] and takinge parte with the French king wanne from him diuers citees, townes and castels, and namely the citee of Ci••omanna. For so¦row wherof shortly king Henrie ended his life.

About this time the Uenecians bought the ile of Cret•• or Cādy of one Boniface surnamed Monti Ferratensis.

[The yere of Christ 1189] RYcharde the first of that name, for his valiant and lustie courage, [The yere of the worlde 5150] [Anni regum Angli 1] surnamed Cor de Lyon, the second sonne of Henrie was crowned king of Englande and reigned xi. yeares .ix. monethes .xx. dayes. He was bigge of stature and hadde a merye countenaunce, in the which appeared as wel a pleasaunte gentlenesse as a no∣ble and princely maiestee, to his souldiours he was fa∣uourable, bountifull to his friendes & straungers, a gre∣uous enemie and harde to be pleased, desirous of warre, and abhorring idlenesse, He inclined somewhat to pryde lecherie and auarice: but mooste of all he is to be blamed, because he semed to be impious toward his father. The Londoners obteined .ii. officers to guyde theyr citee, whi¦che were called bailiffes.

Great preparacion was made for the recouerie of Ie∣rusalem, and to ayde the christians in Asia, by Friderich emperour of Almayne, Rycharde kynge of Englande Philip of Fraunce, Oddo Duke of Burgoyne, the Uene¦cians, Pisones William king of Sicilie, and other.

The Frisones Danes and Flemminges, with sword and fire, destroied the sea costes of Afrike and Maurita∣nia belonging to the Sarasens.

Friderich the emperoure, after he had subdued the lesse Armonie, and conquered diuers citees of Asia, by misfor∣tune was drowned in the riuer Selephius.

Phillip kyng of Fraunce, and Richarde of Englande, [The yere of the worlde 5151] [The yere of Christ 1190] went forwarde in theyr iourney toward Hierusalem.

Henrye the .vi. and sonne of Friderich, was ordeyned emperour of Almayne. [Anni regum Angli 2] The bishop of Coloine, and other bishops, with the princes of Burgoyne rebelled.

Alphons the .viii. surnamed the good, recouered hys fathers kyngdome of Spayne, and reigned .53. yeres. He take to wyfe Elenoure, the daughter of kynge Henrye of England lately disceased.

Kynge Rycharde, in his iourney towarde Hierusalem, [The yere of the worlde 5152] [The yere of Christ] subdued the Iland of Cipres: [Anni regum Angli 3] and than iuigning his pui∣saunce with the Frenche kyng in Asia, conquered Acon: where was kenled betwene kynge Rycharde and Phi∣lip kynge of France, a greuous dyspleasure. For whiche cause Phillip shortly after departed thens, and comynge into Fraunce, inuaded the countrey of Normandye: and excited also Iohn the brother of kynge Rycharde, to take on him the kingdome of Englād in his brothers absence.

Celestine the .iii of that name, byshop of Rome .vi. ye∣res .viii. monethes.

The bishop of Rome gaue Constance, the doughter of Wylliam kyng of Sicilie, to Henrie the emperoure: by whiche meanes Sicilye became subiecte to hym. Aboute this tyme the emperour was occupied in warre in Puel.

Saphandinus expellyng his kinsmen was made soule daie of Aegypt.

Kynge Rycharde of Englande restored to the Christy∣ans the citee of Ioppe: and in manye battayles put the Turkes to great sorow.

Warre betwene the citees of Uenice and Pise.

Wylliam bishop of Elie, to whom kyng Rychard had committed the gouernaunce of England, [The yere of the worlde 5153] [The yere of Christ 1192] practised much crueltee, and vsed to ryde with a thousande horses: wher∣by he greeued the places 〈◊〉〈◊〉 the whiche he soiourned.

Kynge Rycharde exchanged Cypres with Guye of Le∣singham for the kyngdome of Hierusalem. Wherfore the kyng of Englande a longe tyme after was called kynge

of Hierusalem. Kyng Rycharde, hauyng knowlage, that Philip of Fraunce inuaded Normandye, and that Iohn his brother by hys counsayle aspired to hys kyngdome: made peace with the Turkes for .iii. yeares, [The yere of the worlde 5154] [The yere of Christ 1193] [Anni regum Angli 5] and with a smal company retournyng whomward by Thrace, trai∣terouslye was taken prisoner, by the Duke of Austrige, and brought to Henry the emperour: & ther kept in streit pryson a yere and .v. monethes: where it is sayed, that he slew a lyon, and toke out his hert.

Emericus, kynge of Hungary, reigned, viii. yeres.

[The yere of the worlde 5155] [The yere of Christ 1194] Kynge Rycharde, paiynge hys raunsome of .100000. poundes, was deliuered, 〈◊〉〈◊〉 retournyng to hys countrey, [Anni regum Angli 6] made sharpe warre vppon the Frenche kinge, and Iohn his brother: at whiche time was foughten diuers fyerce battailes, to the great losse of bothe partes.

The Sarasens of Afrike, with a greate nauie, [Anni regum Angli 7] entred Spayne, [The yere of the worlde 5156] [The yere of Christ 1195] toke prisoner the kynge of Castile, subdued the countrey now called Grauade, whiche they possessed to the tyme of Ferdinande, late kyng of Spayne: by whose manhode, pollicie and prowes they were expelled.

[The yere of the worlde 5157] [The yere of Christ 1196] Peace betwene Rycharde of Englande and Phillip of France for one yere, [Anni regum Angli 8] and Iohn submitted him selfe to his brother.

[The yere of the worlde 5158] [The yere of Christ 1167] The secte of Crosse friers began fyrst.

The warre was renewed betwene Richard and Phi∣lip, [The yere of the worlde 5159] [The yere of Christ 1198] in the whiche either of them spedde dyuersly. [Anni regum Angli 9]

Henry the emperour sent an armie to ayde the Christi∣ans in Asia, vnder the guydynge of the bishop of Mense, [Anni regum Angli 10] and the Duke of Saxonie: which the next yere folowing, hearyng of the emperours death, returned toward their countrey.

Azo of Bononie a lawier: Thebit, an astronomei: Kim∣hi the Iew, and Papias a grammarian, were famous.

Innocent the thyrde, byshop of Rome .xviii. yeres. He fyrst compelled men to auricular confession, and forbade the sacramēt to be ministred to the laitee vnder both kin∣des. And with al endeuour was agaynste the emperour Philip.

The Sarasens wan frō the Christians the citee Ioppe and exercised great crueltee towarde them. [The yere of the worlde 5160] [The yere of Christ 1199] [Anni regum Angli 11]

A league was made, betwene the kynges of England and Fraunce, for .v. yeres.

Philip brother of Hēry the last emperour, by the helpe of the Bohemes, [Anni regum Angli 12] Saxones, Bauarays, & Sueuians, [The yere of the worlde 5161] [The yere of Christ 1200] toke on hym the imperyall auctoritee, contrary to the mynde of the byshop of Rome: at whiche tyme the countrey of Germanie was tourmented with most cruel warres, for Innocent the thyrde coulde in no wyse abyde this Phil∣lip, for displeasure that he had conceiued towarde hym: wherfore he did excommunicate him, and caused the by∣shop of Coloine and other electours to make Otho empe¦rour: betwene whome and Philyp were fought dyuers battayles. But Philip defended, hym selfe so manlye, that by force he helde the imperyall crowne all hys lyfe tyme, maugre bothe Otho and the byshop: whiche often tymes hadde threatned, that eyther he woulde pul from Philip the imperyall crowne, or els that Philip shoulde take from him his triple Diademe, so meke was this gē∣til byshop.

Kyng Rycharde of Englande, besiegyng the castile of Gailarde, was wounded with a quarell, that was shotte from the walie, and therof died.

[Anni regum Angli 1] IOhn brother to the aboue named Richard, was crow∣ned kynge of Englande, and reigned .xvii. yeares. [The yere of the worlde 5162] [The yere of Christ 1201] Of personage he was indifferent, but of a melancoly and angry countenaunce, he cōtemned the byshop of Romes auctoritee, whiche if he had doen constantly with iudge∣ment, to the entent to take away supersticion, to reforme abuses, to pul downe idolatrie, to set vp true relygion, to disanul hys vsurped power, as he semed to doe for coue∣tousnes and of a froward mynd, vndoubtedly he had ben worthy high commendacion. By his cowardise & slouth∣ful negligence the signory of England greatly decaied.

Phillip king of France (in the quarel of Arthur Duke of Britaine, whō certaine of the lordes had named kinge of Englande) made warre vppon kynge Iohn, inuaded Normandye, and toke from him diuers castels and tow∣nes: but after many skyrmishes, to the losse of bothe par∣tes, a peace was agreed, which cōtinued no longer time.

Kynge Phillip of Fraunce was cursed by the byshoppe

of Rome, because he woulde not receiue his wife, whom he had repudiated without lawful cause.

Alexius by treason depryued hys brother Isaac, of the empyre of Constantinople, and puttyng out his eies, cast hym in pryson. Alexius the sonne of Isaac, fledde to the Uenecians and Flemminges being as than occupied in warre in the borders of Hungarie, and desyred of theym succour: whiche restored hym to his fathers empire. But because he was shortly after poisoned, by one M••rtellus, the Uenecians and theyr company besieged Cōstantino∣ple, expelled the misdoers, and by one consent made Bald¦wine Erle of Flaūders, emperour. Whereby the empire of Grece came fyrst to the Frenchmen. This Baldwine graunted the Uenecians all the Ilandes in the Greeke seas.

Ladislaus the .iii. kynge of Hungary, reigned .vi. mo∣nethes, and after him Andreas his vncle .36. yeres.

The kyng of Scottes did homage, and swore to be true liegeman to king Iohn of England.

[The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ 1202] Ilmomaline emperour of the Sarasens in Afrike, in∣uaded Spayne, and with swoorde and fyre destroyed the countrei euen to France, at length the kingesof Spaine, so vanquysshed hys armye, and so sharpely pursued him▪ that he helde only the countrei of Granade.

Odefredus an interpretour of the lawe, Alsabarauius a phisicion, Hali aben Ragel an astronomer, Guntherus Ligurinus a poete, and Saxo a grammarian flourished.

Dauid a Persian, called also Changius or Guiscan, coming out of the mountaines of India with an innume¦rable multitude, inuaded the Perthians Armenians and Medes, he was the fyrst emperour of the Tratarians.

In Yorkeshyre▪ were sene .v. moones: one in the East, [Anni regum Angli 3] another in the West, [The yere of the worlde 5164] [The yere of Christ 1203] the thyrde in the North, the fourth in the South, and the .v. in the myddes of the elemente. The next yere folowed a sharpe winter, and hayle fell as bigge as hennes egges, wherwith men, cattaile, & fruite, were greatly hurte.

Philip of Fraunce inuaded Normandye, and toke dy∣uers castels & townes, whiche he gaue to Arthur Duke of Britayne. But shortlye after the same Arthur, with

manye other noble men, were taken prisoners by kynge Iohn, and led into Englande.

Philip of France ceased not two or three yeres, conty∣nually to make warre vpon the Duchie of Normandye, [Anni regum Angli 4] [The yere of the worlde 5165] [The yere of Christ 1204] till at the last he subdued the same to his dominion, with the prouinces of Guyan Poyters and Britaine: whyche before parteined to the crowne of Englande

King Iohn sailed into Normandie, where he warred in the borders of Fraunce. But of his victories is lytell written.

Innocent bishop of Rome, sette abrode many decrees amonge the whiche were: that as often as princes fell at variaunce, the correction and amendment therof should perteyne to the bishop of Rome: and that he only shoulde be counted emperour, which was crowned wyth the im∣perial Diademe by the Romaine bishop.

Uariance beganne betwene king Iohn and the bishop of Rome, for the admission of Stephene Langhton, whō Innocent by false menes had caused to be chosen bishop of Canturburie.

Dominike and Frances, perceiuing that bishops, prie∣stes and monkes (beinge as lordes of the worlde) were euen more to mainteyne warre with princes, then to teache the word of god, professed to forsake whooly the worlde, and geue them onely to preachyng. Whose holy pretensed purpose, their folowers in processe of time tur∣ned to most dyuelyshe supersticion.

Phillip the emperour, when he had in diuers battailes vanquyshed his enemies, [Anni regum Angli 5] besieged Coloine, [The yere of the worlde 5156] [The yere of Christ] and chased from thens Otho, whiche fled to kyng Iohn of England his vncle.

The bishoppe of Rome denounced kyng Iohn with his whole realme a cursed, [Anni regum Angli 6] [The yere of the worlde 5157] because he wolde not admitte Ste∣phene Langhton to the bishoprike of Canturburie. [The yere of Christ 1206] But he little regarded hys fulmynacion, and obeyed hym no∣thyng the rather.

At thys tyme in Southff. a fyshe was taken lyke to a man, and was kepte lyuyng .vi. monethes after vpon the lande with rawe fleshe and fishe.

Agreement made betweene the byshoppe of Rome and

Philip the emperour.

Kinge Philip of Fraunce, subdued to him the coūtrey of Normandie, [The yere of the worlde 5168] [The yere of Christ 1207] [Anni regum Angli 7] whiche sens the time of Charles the sim∣ple that is the space of .30•• yeres was not in the possessiō of the kinges of Fraunce

[The yere of Christ 1128] About th is time the Irishemen, [Anni regum Angli 8] and shortly therupon the Welshemen rebelled: [The yere of the worlde 5169] whom king Iohn constreined to redeme peace with great summes of money.

Henrie emperour of Constantinople, augmēted the em¦pire of Grece.

Philip emperour of Almaine was murdered by the treason of the erle of Palatine.

[The yere of Christ 1129] Othe, a duke of the Saxones, [Anni regum Angli 9] was made emperour and crowned with the imperiall Diademe by Innocente bishop of Rome. [The yere of the worlde 5170]

The Uenec••ans subdued Corcyra, Mothonum, Coro∣nu••, and many other ilandes.

Kinge Iohn sailed into Normandie, where after cer∣taine sayrmishes, he made peace with Philip of France, for .ii. yeres.

The mayres and shyreffes beganne first in the citee of London.

[The yere of Christ 1210] Otho the emperour inuaded certaine citees, [Anni regum Angli 10] which In¦nocent the bishop, [The yere of the worlde 5171] affirmed to perteyne to the churche of Rome. Wherfore he excommunicated the emperour and depriued him of all imperiall auctoritee, causing the elec¦tours to chose Friderich king of Sicilie, and nephew to Fridericus Barbarossa

[The yere of Christ] Ppilip king of Fraunce made warre vpon Fernande Duke of Flaunders, [The yere of the worlde] [Anni regum Angli 11] because he alyed him with kynge Iohn of Englande.

The welshemen rebelling were brought in subiection.

The Englishemen whiche were sent by king Iohn to ayde the erle of Flaunders, chased the Frenchemen, and in the hauen of Scluse, compassed & toke their whole na∣uie of ••hips, which was in noumbre .1020. sayle.

[The yere of the worlde 5173] [The yere of Christ 1212] ¶ Frederich the seconde, king of Sicilie, [Anni regum Angli 12] and Duke of Suaue, after that Otho was expelled by the byshoppe, was ordeyned emperour, and reigned .23. yeres Though this man was endued with many noble and princely ver¦tues,

and tendered the wealth of the empyre excedingly, yet was he vexed with most shameful iniuries by the bi∣shops of Rome, which in his tyme most aboundantly de¦clared their outragious enuy, pryde and malyce. This Friderike was skilfull in diuers lāguages. as in Greke Latin, Almaine, and the Sarasens tongue, he fauoured good letters excellently▪ and furthered muche the studie therof. By his procuremente the Almagest of Ptolomei was translated out of the Sarasens tongue into Latine, wherby the knowlede of astronomy, which of long time▪ no man hadde professed in Europe, was called againe to light. He warred first against Othy his predicessour, by the counsaile of the Romaine bishop, but in the ende he receiued the same rewarde that other dyd before him.

Gazari, Patareni, Leoniste, Almaricus Carnot••nsys and many other heretikes were in these dayes.

[Anni regum Angli 13] Kinge Iohn of Englande beynge overset in warre by Phillyp of Frāce, [The yere of the worlde 5174] [The yere of Christ 1213] submitted him to the byshop of Rome by whō amonge other thinges he was bounden, that as well he as his heires shuld euer after be feudaries to the see of Rome, and pay for yerely tribute. 1000. markes. and moreouer to holde the title of the crowne, by the by∣shops of Rome, here may you se y^t the bishops of Rome in theyr so often cursinges, did not couet to reconsile the soules of mē to god, but to subdue princes to their tiran¦ny, but this iniunction was not kept, at anytyme by the kinges of this realme.

Friderich the emperour made league with Phillip of Fraunce. [Anni regum Angli 14] [The yere of the worlde 5175] [The yere of Christ]

At Tourney a cruell bataile was foughten, betwene O¦tho late emperour, and Phillip of France (in the quarel of kinge Iohn of Englande) where the two princes en∣countred eche other so fiersly, that they were bothe vn∣horsed, but in the ende, Otho forsoke the fielde, and Fer∣raunde Erie of Flaunders, Reignold of Bol••ine, and 28. other men of name, were taken prisoners. Shortly after entrety of peace was made betwene the kinges of Englande and France.

[Anni regum Angli 15] A synode holden at Rome, [The yere of the worlde 5176] [The yere of Christ] wherin communicaciō was had for the recouery of Hierusalem.

Alexander succeded William in the kingedome of Scot¦lande, and reigned .34. yeres. At the beginning of king Henrys reign in England. was variance betwene this Alexander of Scotlande and him, but after, thei were a∣lied by mariage.

¶ Peter was emperour of Constantinople .v. yeres, he came to Rome and was annointed of the bishop. Short¦ly after he besieged the citie Dyrachi••••, & desperyng to obteine it, entreted a peace with Theodorus Duke of E¦pirus, who not withstanding his promysse, layed priuy waite in the wooddes of Tempe, where he toke the em∣perour and cast him in prisō, after which time Ioles the wife of Peter gouerned the weast empyre.

Great strife and variance hapned in England betwen king Iohn & the nobles and commons of his realme, [The yere of the worlde 5177] [The yere of Christ 1219] [Anni regum Angli 19] be¦cause he wold not vse the lawes of▪ S. Edwarde, & other auncient liberteis, which the people required, whom the king had dyuers times appeased with faire wordes and promisses, but because the lords perceiued them to come to smalle effect, they pursued him so hartlie, that he was gladde to send for ayde to Flaunders, and in like maner the nobles with their alies sent for Lewis the soonne of Philip of Fraunce, and him saluted as king, and maine¦teyned in warre against king Iohn, to the great hurt of this realme of England. During the time of this warre king Iohn ended his lyfe.

Honorius byshop of Rome .x. yeres .vii. monethes. He chose Iohannes de Columna a cardynall, to bee soueraygne capitaine of the warres into As••a, who sped him thither∣ward with the souldiours, that bishop Innocent had pre¦pared for that purpose. There went with him And••ew•• kinge of Hu••garie. Henrye Duke of Niuerna, Gulth••••rus chamberlayne to the frenche king, which ioygning their puissaunce with the king of Hierusalem, besyeged Damas in Egipt somtime called Heliopolis.

The ordre of our ladies souldiers began first in Arragō

AFter the disceasse of Iohn, Henry his sonne, [Anni regum Angli 1] of the age of .ix. yeeres (by the counsaile of Wylliam Duke of Gloucester, [The yere of the worlde 5179] [The yere of Christ] and the Erles of Penbroke and Chester) was proclaimed kinge of England. These

noble men before mencioned with their retinewe, kepte sharpe warre with Lewis the french kinges sonne, and his affinitee, who by the couenauntes made before with the Englishemen claimed the crowne, but after certaine skirmishes and battailes, Lewis somewhat more incly∣ned to peace, which sadly was concluded, and he depar∣ted hense into France. Than was Henry confirmed in the kingdome, who coming to iust age, waxed strong & mighty of body, and of metely comely personage, of na∣ture gentyll, of minde more sage and wise than valiant and hardye, liberall towarde the poore. In his tyme he ordeyned many lawes to the great commoditye of thys realme, and reygned .56. yeres.

Ranulph Duke of Chester toke his iorney towarde the holy lande.

The citee Damyata in Aegipt was taken of the christi¦ans after long siege. [Anni regum Angli 2] [The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ 1219]

Robert the son of Peter was ordeyned emperour of Constantinople, [Anni regum Angli 3] and reigned .vii. yeres. [The yere of the worlde 5181] [The yere of Christ 1220]

In Thuscia, two erles possessed certaine citees belon∣ging to the empyre, whych whan Friderich by force of armes, had recouered, the two erles fled to Honorius bi¦shop of Rome, who commaunded Friderych to restore to thē their cities, which thinge whan he denied, the by∣shop denounced him accursed, and forbade him the com¦munion with the faythfull, saying, that those citees be∣longed to the churche of Rome.

Hoccota Can, the second emperour of the Tartariās. he vāquished the Turkes, his thre sonnes inuaded Per¦sia, India, and Cumania.

Kinge Henry of England began to builde our ladye church in Westminster.

The Christians in Egipt, being brought in great ieo∣pardy, [Anni regum Angli 4] by the pollicie of the Souldayne, [The yere of the worlde 5182] [The yere of Christ 1221] restored to hym the citee Damyata, and making a peace, retourned into Europe.

The Tartariās (a people of Scithia, after many other countreis of the east, subdued to them Georgiana & the greater Armenie, and then passing the mountaines cal¦led Riphei, inuaded Polonia, and Hungarie. They in

short space cōquered so manye countreys, y^t their prince for his large pessessions was called the great Cahan.

Alexander king of Scottes maryed Iohā the sister of kinge Henrye of Englande. A proclamacion made tho∣roughout Englande, to auoyde straungers because one Fonkes de Brent helde the castell of Bedforde agaynst the kinges wyll. At the same time appeared a blasynge sterre, and much hurte was done by thunder, lightning and earthquakes, and many vncought and strange sigh¦tes were sene.

Robert emperour of Constātinople, maried a maiden which before was fiaunced to a noble man of Burgoin wherwith the burgonion being greatly meued, [The yere of the worlde 5183] [The yere of Christ] [Anni regum Angli 5] entred by violence into the emperours palace, and cutte of the maydens nose, and cast her mother into the sea.

Iohn king of Ierusalem came to Rome, and gaue his doughter in mariage to Friderich themperour geuing for her dower the title of the kingdome of Ierusalē, for whiche cause the kinges of Sicilie to this day be writen kinges of Hierusalem.

A counsayle holden at Oxenford, of the bishops of En¦glande, where a certayne man was condemned, which taug ht, that he was Iesus Chryste, and to confirme the same, he shewed the tokens of wounds in his handes, bo¦die and feete.

About this time Gilesbie Ros rebelled against Alexan∣der king of Scottes, and was subdued and slayne with his two sons by the erle of Buchqhame, whom the king sent agaynst hym.

The gray friers of the order of Francis came first in∣to Englande.

[The yere of the worlde 5184] [The yere of Christ 1223] Friderich the emperour, [Anni regum Angli 6] whiche was excommunicated by the bishop of Rome, caused his sonne to be made par¦taker of the empire.

Iohn kinge of Ierusalem, toke in mariage Beringa∣ria, the doughter of the kinge of Spayne.

The men of Caithnes in Scotland▪ burned their bishop because he cursed them for not payinge their tythes, for whiche dede the kinge didde hange .iiii. hundred of the chiefe doers, gelded their children, & disherited the erle.

A conspiratie was made agaynst king Henry of Eng¦land by one Constantine in the citye of London, for the whiche he was drawen and hanged the morowe after.

Lewys the eyght (or after some the ninth) was made kynge of Fraunce after his father, [Anni regum Angli 7] [The yere of the worlde 5185] [The yere of Christ 1234] and reygned .iiii. ye¦res. He made league with Friderich themperour wher by the name of brotherhoode was renewed betwene the Frenchmen and Germaynes.

[Anni regum Angli 8] The lordes and gentilmen of Englande first graunted to king Henrie the warde and maryage of theyr heyres. [The yere of the worlde 5186] [The yere of Christ]

[Anni regum Angli 9] Richarde the brother of kinge Henrye, [The yere of the worlde 5187] [The yere of Christ 1226] ouercame the Frenchmen, recouered Poyters▪ and kept the Gascoins in due obedience.

Robert emperour of Grece ended his life in Achaia.

Gregory the .ix. was bishop of Rome .xiiii. yeres.

He was a man inflate with pride, and for certayne vain causes (as witnesseth the Abbote of Ursberge) agayne ex¦communicated the emperour Friderich.

Ferdinand king of Arragon, expelling the Sarasens out of the citie Ualencia, [Anni regum Angli 10] [The yere of the worlde 5188] [The yere of Christ 1227] and the yle called Maiorica, re∣duced theim to the fayth of Christ.

Lewes king of Fraunce wan certayne castels in the countrey of Poyters, and shortly after toke and spoyled the citee Auignon, which for the heresy of the Albigen∣ses was cursed of the bishop of Rome the space of seuen yeres.

¶Baldwine the .ii. beyng yet a childe, was made empe¦rour of Grece, to whom, bicause he was not of sufficient age, Iohn Brenne king of Ierusalem was appointed as a tutour and gouernour.

The bishop of Rome made Iohn king of Ierusalem Duke of Romandiola, and lord of Rauenna.

[Anni regum Angli 11] Lewis the .ix. and sonne to Lewys the laste kinge be∣gan his dominion ouer France, [The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ 1228] who for his youth was of dyuers thought vnmeete to take on him so greate a charge, but by the helpe of his mother Blaunch he quie¦ted his enemies, and reigned .xliii. yeres.

The abbot of Ursburge an historiographer & Petrus de Uineis a lawier were famous.

[Anni regum Angli 12] Friderich the emperour toke his vyage toward Asia, [The yere of the worlde 5190] [The yere of Christ 1229]

where he behaued him so knightly that he recouered Ie¦rusalem and diuers other citees, which he repaired and fortified, and thā made peace with the Souldaine for .x yeres.

King Henrye of Englande sayled with an army into Britaine agaynst Lewis king of Fraunce, [The yere of the worlde 5191] [The yere of Christ 1230] [Anni regum Angli 13] where after spoyling of the countrey a peace was cōcluded betwene the two yonge princes.

[The yere of the worlde 5192] [The yere of Christ 1231] Notwithstanding the great vilanie that Gregory by∣shop of Rome had shewed to Friderich the emperour as well by inuadinge his landes while he was absent▪ [Anni regum Angli 14] and spreading a false rumour of his death in Asia, as also in reiecting his louing letters, and publishinge him to be an enemy of Christian religion, an d no lesse to be hated than a Sarasen or Turke. Yet ceassed not thys gentyll prince at his returne to entreat meanes of concord, whi¦che he could not obteyne vntil he had payed to the bishop in the of penaunce .120000. ounces of golde, and than was he agayn proclaimed emperour of Almayn, & king of Sicilie. Blondus, Platine, Sabellicus and other I∣talian historiographers, cast al the faut vpon the empe∣rour, and make him worst of all men. But the abbot of Ursberge, whiche was in those dayes, sheweth the pride auarice, and stubbourne frowardnesse of the Romayne bishop.

Uariaunce chanced betwene the studentes of Paris & the citisins, in so muche that the scholars were mynded to haue departed from the citee.

A great discencion and ruffling betwene the bishop of Rome and the citesins for their auncient liberties, custo¦mes and gouernance of their citee, wherof ye may read in Blondus, De inclinatione Romani imperii. the .vii. booke by what meanes the bishoppe extorted from theim their libertees.

The Welshemen aboute this time rebelled. Great harme was done in the citee of London with fyre. [The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ 1232] [Anni regum Angli 15]

Uariance kendled betwene king Henry of Englande and his lordes, [The yere of the worlde 5194] [The yere of Christ 1233] [Anni regum Angli 16] because he put from his seruyce English men, and trusted straungers as wel in his counsaile as other offices nere about him.

The citie Uerona came agayne to the obedyence of the emperour.

Theobalde of Campaine was kinge of Nauerre.

The emperour retourned the .iii. tyme into Germanie and warred in Austrich against the Hungares, wher he toke Macheria, Gaza, and Uienna, whiche he ordeyned to be the imperiall citie, and there made his sonne Chun¦rade Cesar.

Edwarde of Pountnay was ordeyned byshop of Can¦turbury. [Anni regum Angli 18] Kynge Henry beganne the foundacyon of. S. Iohns hospytall in Oxenforde. [The yere of the worlde 5196] [The yere of Christ 1235] In this yeere fell verye vnseasonable weather of thūder, lightning▪ and erthqua¦kes, wherof ensued a famine and pestilence. Kyng Hen∣ry put from him the strāgers, and receiued the Englysh men to their offices.

The Irishemen rebelled.

The Iewes dwelling in Norwych were accused for ste¦ling of a childe, whom they purposed to crucifie.

Friderich the emperoure maried Isabell the syster of kinge Henrie of Englande.

King Henry toke to wyfe Elenour the doughter of the Erle of Prouince. [Anni regum Angli 19] [The yere of the worlde 5197] [The yere of Christ 1236] In Englande appeared as it were ho¦stes of men fighting in the element.

The statute of Merton was first inacted▪ or after some in the thyrteth yere of this kinge Henrie. [Anni regum Angli 20] [The yere of the worlde 5198] [The yere of Christ 1237]

Theobalde king of Nauarre, Almarith Erle of Moūt∣fort, Henrie Erle of Campaine, with a great multitude of souldiours went into Asia, where at the beginnynge they wente forwarde prosperously, and gathered muche prayse: but in the end betwen Ptolomais and Gaza thei were vanquisshed of the Turkes, and a great noumbre slaine.

Myllaine and certaine other famous cities of Italy re∣belled againste the emperoure, whiche he vanished and brought in due obeisaūce. And therfore was againe cur∣sed of Gregorye, and proclaimed an heretike. Whiche thyng caused great trouble in Italye.

Deadly warre betwene the citie of Gean, and the Ue∣necians, for the ile of Crete.

¶Bela the .iiii. succeded his father Andrew in the kyng∣dome

of Hungary, and reigned .3••. yeres.

The Uenecians ouercame certaine Grecians, whiche hadde beclipped the cytie of Constantinople with a hard siege. [The yere of the worlde 5199] [The yere of Christ 1233] The Rhodes became subiect to Uenice. [Anni regum Angli 21]

At the Uniuersitee of Parys it was concluded, that no priest vnder payne of deadly synne coulde haue .ii. be∣nefyces.

[The yere of the worlde 5200] A clerke of Oxenforde, or more verily a certaine souldi¦our feignynge him selfe mad, [The yere of Christ 1239] [Anni regum Angli 22] enterprised to haue slaine king Henry of England, but he was taken & put to deth

[The yere of the worlde 5201] [The yere of Christ 1240] Partes were taken in Italie for the emperour and the bishop of Rome, they whiche fauoured the bishop, [Anni regum Angli 23] were called Guelphi, the other Gibelini, of whiche discencion rose most cruell and deadly warres. For the byshop pro¦myssed eternall lyfe to all theim, that fought against the emperour, and desyred healpe of the Englyshemen and Frenchemen. He called also a generall counsaile▪ wher∣in he depriued the emperour of his auctoritie, and ordey¦ned, Salue regina, &c. and that belles shoulde be ronge at the consecracion of the sacramēt, and to the praise of our Ladie, with suche other ioyly thinges. The emperoure toke .ii. cardinalles, and kepte theim in prison at Amal∣phia, he subdued Rauenna, and the Seneses came to his parte.

[The yere of the worlde 5202] [The yere of Christ 1241] After the death of Gregorye Colestinus was bishop of Rome .xviii. dayes, [Anni regum Angli 24] and than was the see of Rome voide xxi. monethes.

The great Cahan prince of the Tartarians, after he had wan from the Turkes much of the east landes, with an arme of 500000. men, inuaded Hungary, with whō Be la their king encountring, was vanquished, and fled into Dalmacia. Than the Tartarians conquered Ua∣cia, Uaradinum, Stridoniam, wyth other places & so distroyed the countrey wyth sword and fyre, that the in∣habitauntes were constreigned for hunger to eate their owne children, whiche crueltee contynued thre yeeres, And at the last the heythen Pagaines being forced with ••emyne, were faine to departe out of the countrey.

Iames kinge of Arragon.

Friderich the emperour subdued to him Fauercia Par¦ma,

Bononia, and transferred the studentes from Bono¦nia to Padua.

Henrie king of Englande subdued the Welshemen which oftentimes rebelled.

Baldwine emperour of Constantinople, and Raimunde Erle of Tolows, [Anni regum Angli 29] coming into Italy, [The yere of the worlde 5203] [The yere of Christ 1242] obteyned of Fride∣rich that the .ii cardinals, whych he kept in prison might be sette at libertee.

Aldermen first chosen in the citee of London.

[Anni regum Angli] Kinge Henrie of Englande, [The yere of the worlde 5204] [The yere of Christ 1243] by the stering of a Fren∣cheman named Erle of Marche, sayled into Normandie with a fayre companye, purposinge to recouer Poyters, Fuyan and other countreys: but after manye bakeryn∣ges somewhat to the losse of the Englishemen, Henrye founde meanes of peace, whiche was concluded for the space of, v. yeres.

Innocent the .iiii. being ordeined bishop of Rome fled to Lyons in Fraunce for feare of Friderich emperoure where he called a counsayle. This man gaue redde hat∣tes first to the cardinalles.

Henrie the firste, was kinge of Spayne .ii. yeres, be∣ing but a childe. He maried his kinswoman the kynges doughter of Portugall, and died as he was playing with children by the falling of his throte

Ferdinande the fourth, a man of great noblenesse, [The yere of the worlde 5205] [The yere of Christ 1244] was king of Spayne .xii. yeares. [Anni regum Angli] He conquered well nere all Spayne from the dominion of the Sarasens.

Gino Can the .iii. emperour of the Tartarians, vnder him Batho vanquisshinge the Scythes, made his royall seate in Cathay.

[Anni regum Angli 28] The Tartarians ouerran Asia, called Georgiana, and after that inuaded Armenia, & entred euen to Iconium, [The yere of the worlde 5206] [The yere of Christ 1245] the royal palace of the king of Turkes. An other com∣pany of the Tartarians, vnder their leader Bato, wyth most cruel inuasions, wasted the countrey of Polonie Hungarie, Russia, Gasa, and with great tirannie afflic∣ted the same.

At Tollet in Spayne a Iew digging in the grounde to enlarge his vineyarde▪ found a holow stone, wherin was a boke of the bignesse of a psalter, written in greke, latine

and hebrewe: the mattier whereof was of .iii. worldes to come, and declared the coming of Christ to be the begin∣ning of the thirde, which was expressed in this maner. In the beginnynge of the thirde worlde the son of god shalbe borne of a mayde. By occasion of this booke, the Iew was turned to the faith of Christ.

[The yere of the worlde 5207] The bishop of Rome assembling a counsayle at Lyons excommunicated Friderich the emperour, [The yere of Christ 1246] [Anni regum Angli 29] and depriued him of al imperiall auctoritee, commaundinge that he should no more be called Cesar.

The emperour committed the gouernance of Italy and Lumbardie to his sonne Eu••ius, king of Sardinia, and then besieged Parma: which he toke and destroyed, and buylded a newe citee in the same place called Uictoria. About this time was a terrible earthquake in Englande and in Fraunce.

Grossioni, a people of Arabie, by the steeringe of the Souldaine of Babylon, [The yere of the worlde 5208] [The yere of Christ 1247] [Anni regum Angli 30] cruellye afflicted the Chrystians in all Asia, and vsed most spitefull vilanie towarde the se¦pulchre of Christ in Ierusalem.

The electours of Germanie hearing of the deposicion of Friderich, ordeined the Lanthgraue of Thuring to be king of Romains: who shortlie after disceassed and then they chose William erle of Hollande.

At this time were many preachers in Sueuia, whych sharpelye rebuked the abuses of the bishop of Rome, and his cardinalles, & namely his false & vsurped Pardones.

[The yere of the worlde 5209] The newe citee Uictoria was taken, spoyled and de∣stroyed by the friendes of the bishoppe of Rome, [The yere of Christ 1248] [Anni regum Angli 31] and the emperour Friderich chased.

Lewis the Frenche kinge departed fro Paris in his iourney toward the holye land, with many other nobles and bishops of Fraunce. Shortlye after his arriuall he broug ht to his subiection the citee Damyet of Egipt.

Friderich notwithstandinge the bishop of Romes cur¦singe, subdued well nere all Italye, excepte a fewe cityes which fauoured his enemies.

Kinge Henrie of England seised the franchesses of the citee of London for a iudgment geuen against a widow named Margaret Uyell: But shortelye after they were

restored.

¶Alexander the thyrde .ix. yeares of age, succeded hys father in the kyngedome of Scotlande, and reigned .3••. yeares. He hadde perpetuall amytee with the kynges of England.

[Anni regum Angli 33] Friderich ordeyned Manfrede, his bastarde son, [The yere of the worlde 5211] [The yere of Christ 1250] prince of Tarentum: Ehunrade his sonne by his wyfe Iole, he ordeyned his heyre, and shortly ther••pon payed hys debte to nature in P••ell. Some wryte, that he was p••••soned, and not vnlyke: for the blessed fathers thought theim ne∣uer in quiete, vntil they had dyspatched that good empe∣rour oute of lyfe. After whiche tyme Italye was still dy∣uided into the faccions of the Guelphes and Gibelynes.

In Italie bloud issued out of bread, as oute of woundes flesshely cut, [Anni regum Angli 34] and blouddy cloudes appeared. [The yere of the worlde 5212] [The yere of Christ 1251]

Lewys kynge of Fraunce▪ entendyng to besiege Babi∣lon, by sickenesse and other maladies, lost a great part of his armie, and in the ende was hym selfe taken prysoner of the Souldaine, with his .ii. bretherne Charles and Ro∣bert, the Erle of Poyters, the Erle of Angeow▪ the Erle of Flaunders, the Duke of Britain, the Erle of Scisons, which were al deliuered vpon a great raunsome.

In Fraunce a company of younge men (namyng them selfes shepherdes) vowed to restore their kyng to libertee: but for the hooredome and robbynge that they vsed, the people of the countrey about the dead se••, set vpon them, slewe theyr capitains, & disp••rced that simple felowshyp.

Chunrade the sōne of Friderich, toke on him, the king∣dome of Puell. He was cursed also by the byshoppe of Rome.

Iames kynge of Arragon, by the ayde of Ferdinande kyng of Castile, [Anni regum Angli 35] subdued the iles called Beleares. [The yere of the worlde 5213] [The yere of Christ]

Mango Can the fourth emperoure of the Tartarians.

Chuarade kyng of Puell was poysoned by his brother Manfrede, who was suspected also for the death of hys father

King Henry of Englande maried his daughter Mary to Alexander kinge of Scottes, and receyued homage of the same Alexander, for the realme of Scotlande.

The Augustine friers beganne to inhabite in Wales.

Aboute this tyme the Tartaryans, vnder theyr kynge Mango or Metho, receiued the fayth of Chryst, and after made sharpe warre vpon the Turkes, & toke from theym many countreis.

Accursius that made gloses on the lawe, Compostella∣nus and Ostiec••is that wrate on the decrees. Bertruci∣us a physycyon, Uincent an hystoryographer, Alexander Gallus a grammaryan, and Stanslay the holy byshoppe were famous. [Anni regum Angli 36]

Lewis kynge of fraunce retourned out of Asia into his countrey. [The yere of the worlde 5214] [The yere of Christ 1253]

Alexander the .iiii. was bishop of Rome .vii. yeres. He was so muche occupied in mainteining the ciuile warres betweenes the Guelphes and Gybelynes, that he sent a∣brode preachers to steere men agaynst the Gibelines, to the great disturbance of all Italie. He excommunicated also Manfrede the sonne of Frideryche. Nayles yelded to the bishoppe. The Gibelines were driuen out of their countrey. The Florentines vanquysshed the Pisanes, and subdued Uolate••ra

[The yere of the worlde 5215] [The yere of Christ 1254] Manfrede founde meanes, [Anni regum Angli 37] that he was proclamed and crowned king of Sicilie.

[The yere of the worlde 5216] [The yere of Christ 1255] Alphons kynge of Castile, gaue Elenour his daughter in mariage to prince Edwarde, [Anni regum Angli 38] the sonne of kyng Henry of Englande: to whom hys father gaue the principate of UUales, and gouernance of Gulan and Irelād. UUher∣of began first, that the kinges of England ordeined theyr eldest sonnes, princes of UUales.

Alphons the .ix. and sonne of Ferdynande was kynge of Castile .xxviii. yeres.

About this time certaine noble mē of the hous of Cum∣minges, rebelled against the kyng in Scotland, and held him in prison a certaine time.

Uariaunce betwene the electours of Germanie for the emperour, [The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ 1256] parte named Alphons kynge of Castile, [Anni regum Angli] parte Rycharde the brother of kynge Henrye of Englande: but because neither of theim was receiued by the whole em∣pyre: the imperial auctoritee was counted ••oide the space of .xvii. yeres.

The king of Scottes, 〈◊〉〈◊〉 his quene, came into Englād.

Dyuers lordes of Almaine came into Englande, and did homage to syr Rycharde Erle of Cornwall, and the kinges brother: who vpon ascencion day after, was crow¦ned kyng of Romaines at Aquisgrane, [Anni regum Angli 40] [The yere of the worlde 5218] [The yere of Christ] by the bishoppe of Coloine and other of his friendes.

King Henry went into UUales to subdue Lewline, whi∣che with his UUelshemen rebelled against hym and hys sonne prince Edwarde.

Albertus Magnus, Thomas Aquine, Bonauenture, and Peter Hispanus were famous. [Anni regum Angli 41] [The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ]

Great variaunce betwene kynge Henrye and the Lon∣dyners, in so muche that the Maior, Aldermen, and shy∣riffes were depriued of theyr offices, and the gouernance of the citee committed to certayne persones of the kynges appoynting.

The secte of. S. Augustines armites began.

For so much as kyng Henry had promised oftentimes the restitucion of certaine aunciēt lawes and ordināces, whiche were more easie and commodyous to his people, and by his longe delaye brought nothing to effect, the lor∣des of England began to murmure and grudge against hym: wherfore to appeace theyr malyce he helde a parlia∣ment at Oxenforde, whiche was after called the madde parliament, because manye thynges were therin enacted againste the kynges prerogatiue: whiche proued after to the confusion of the realme, and death of manye noble men. For the confyrmaciō of these actes were chosen .xii. pieres called Douze pieres▪ whiche had auctoritee to cor∣recte the breakers of theyr ordynaunces. These pieres transposed and altered many thynges according to theyr owne pleasure, greatly to the discontentynge of the kyn∣ges mynd, and disquieting of the whole realme, as in the Englishe histories doeth appeare.

Rycharde the kynges brother returned out of Almaine into England. [Anni regum Angli 42] [The yere of the worlde 5220] [The yere of Christ]

Manfrede fortified the citee of Sen••s with a great gar∣rison against the bishoppe of Rome, Ecelinus, whiche fa∣uoured the Gibelines, vanquyshed the byshoppes armie, and toke his legate. Brixia was geuen vp to Ec••linus.

Deadly warre betwene the Uenecians and Genoways

for the possession of a church in the citee of Ptolomais in Ph••nicia.

Guye duke of Florentia.

[The yere of the worlde 5221] [The yere of Christ] The Florentines fauouring the part of the Gnelphes went part of them to Luke, part to Bononi, [Anni regum Angli 43] and forsoke their owne citee: whiche shortlye after beinge inhabyted with a few indifferent persons, was brought in the subie¦ction of Manfrede and the Gi••elines, and fortified with their fa••••ours. This facion of Guelphes and Gibelines continued in Italie almost to our time.

Michael Paleolo••us, a noble man of Grece, depriued William of his principate of Achaia, and by the helpe of the Genowais nauie, toke Constantinople, slew Bald¦wine the emperour, put to deathe the son of Theodorus Uattaris, and vsurped the imperiall auctoritee .xxxv. yeres.

The Uenecians ouercame the Genowais at Ptolo∣mais, and toke .xxiiii. of their ships and galleis

King Henrie of England, fearing some rebellion of his nobles, went into Fraunce, and there concluded a fi¦nal peace on this condicion, that Normandye, Angeowe and Cenomanna, shuld euer after be in the possession of the frenchemen, and the king of England to haue Guy¦an, and that Lewis should geue to king Henrie for hys expenses in warre .150000. crownes and for yearelye tri¦bute a .100000. after which peace fynyshed: the kynge re∣tourned into England

De••dly warre betwene the bishop of Argentine and the citisyns, wherein the bishoppe him selfe fought manfully like a valiant champion.

All the countrey of Hetrucia was brought vnder the subiection of Manfrede, and the Guelphes expelled. [Anni regum Angli 44]

[The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ 1261] About this time mortal warre was reared betwene Al¦phons king of Castile, and Richarde the kinges brother of Englande, because they bothe affected the empire of Germanie. Alphons suspectinge the treason of his two brethren, Henrie and Friderich expelled them out of his reelme: of the which the tone fled into Affrike, the tother into France, entending to excite the people of bothe those nacions to inuade Castile.

Urbane the fourth was bishop of Rome .iii. yeres. He first ordeyned the feast of Corpus Christi, with great plō¦tie of pardone.

[Anni regum Angli 45] King Henrie of England pulished at Ponles crosse the bishop of Romes absolucion for him and all his that were sworne to mainteyn the articles made in the parlia¦ment holden at Oxenforde, [The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ 1262] for which cause the Barones of Englande beganne to vtter their malice, whiche they had long before conceiued agaynst the kinge, and caused an insurrection, that continued .iii. yeres.

The Barones of England armed them agaynst theyr kinge, [Anni regum Angli 46] [The yere of the worlde 5224] [The yere of Christ] and al this yere houered about London and other places, without any notable act of rebellion, sauing that they robbed and spoyled alianes, and certaine other per∣sones, whom they knewe to be agaynst theyr purpose. Urbane bishop of Rome obteined of the Frenche kynge that his brother Charles the earle of Angeowe and pr••∣••ince, might come into Italy with an army against Mā¦frede, where the saide Charles was proclaimed kinge of Sicilie and Naples: by whiche meanes that kyngedome came first to the Frenchmen.

This yere was an exceading dearth in Scotland, wher¦of A••ho kinge of Norway and Denmarke toke occasion to inuade the landes of Scotlande, to the great terrour of the kinge and the whole realme: but not longe after at Largis he was discomfited in a great battayle, and loste xxv. thousande of his men, wyth all his shyppes, sauinge foure.

[Anni regum Angli 47] Fiue hundred Iewes were slayne by the citesins of Lon¦don because one Iew would haue forced a christian man to paye more then two pense for the vsurie of .xx. s. for a weke. [The yere of the worlde 5225] [The yere of Christ 1264]

After the death of Acho, Magnus reigned amonge the Danes.

Hugh Le Spenser with the citisins of London, spo••∣led and burnt the manoures of Richarde the kinges bro∣ther, whiche hither to had ben a great staye of the warre betwene the king and his nobles.

Nere to Lewis, king Henrie and his Barones fought a cruell battaile, in the whiche he him selfe, with Richarde

his brother kinge of Romaines, sir Edwarde his sonne, and other noble men to the noumbre of xxv. were taken: and of the commons were slaine aboue .20000.

The king▪ and his brother, were deliuered vpon firme promise made to perfourme the actes of the forenamed m••dde parliament: for suertie whereof prynce Edwarde remained as pledge.

Uenceslaus the fourth king of Boheme.

Clement bishop of Rome .iii. yeres ix. monethes.

Debate and variance betwene Simon Mountforte Erle of Leicester, [The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ 1265] [Anni regum Angli 48] and Gilbert de Clare erle of Glouce∣ster, the chiefe capitaines of the Barones: whiche turned to their great euell. For prince Edwarde, being now set at libertee, alied him with the Erle of Gloucester, and ga¦theringe to him a great power, warred so fiercelye vpon Simon of Leicester, that in the end, he and Hugh Spen¦ser, with many other of the nobles were slain in battaile And the same yere was holden a parliament at Winche¦ster: where all the statutes made before at Oxenforde, were foredone, and al writinges made for the confirma∣cion of the same cancelled and broken. The citee of Lon∣don was in great daunger to haue bene vtterly destroied by the king, for great ••re and displeasure, that he had ken¦dled toward it, because of the forenamed commocion.

This yere was such infinite noumbre of wormes in all partes of Scotlande, that floures, herbes, leaues, and fruites of trees, were consumed therwith.

Manfrede in Italy was vanquyshed & slayne by Char∣les the Frenche kynges brother, who toke possessiō of the kyngdome of Sicilie and Boneaent, and for the same be∣came feudarie to the Romaine bishoppe, and paied to him yerely tribute.

By daiely suite and labour of friendes to kyng Henrye for the Londoners, [The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ 1266] he lastly graunted his pardon. [Anni regum Angli 49] But so that thei shulde geue to hym for all transgressions and offences the summe of .20000. markes, and than to re∣ceiue againe theyr libertees.

Kynge Henrie besieged the castell of Kenelworth, whi∣che Henrie Hastinges defended agaynst hym the space of halfe a yere, and than gaue it vp into his handes.

Chunradinus Duke of Suaue, the sonne of Chunrade, and nephew of Friderich, and righte heue as wel to the imperiall cro wne as to the kingedome of Sicilie, came with a huge armie into Italy to recouer his fathers king¦dome of Sicilie, which the Romaine bishop bad wrong∣fully geuen to Charles the Frencheman.

The olde franches and libertees of London, with a new graunt for the shire of Midleser, [Anni regum Angli] [The yere of the worlde 5228] [The yere of Christ 1267] were confirmed by a parliament at Northhampton: where also many noble men, that had taken part with the Barones, were dishe∣rited of their landes: and therfore fledde to Eli••.

Friderich the kinges brother of Spaine, whiche was banished his coun••trey came out of Afrike with a great companye of Sarasens, and arriued in the sea costes of Sicilye, where in the quarel of Chunradine, he subdued the whole ilande, sauinge three citees called Panormus, Siracuse and Messana.

Banducar or Bendago souldaine of Egipt, ouercame the christians.

The Genowais spoiled & wasted a citee of Crete cal¦led Canea.

The gentlemen of Englande, which fled to Ely, [The yere of the worlde 5229] [The yere of Christ] rob¦bed & did much harme to the countrei next adioignynge. [Anni regum Angli 51] Chunrade the Duke of Sucuia, which in the beginning of his warres had prosperous successe in Italie, encoun∣tring with Charles, was vanquished and taken: toward whom the bishop of Rome vsed much espiteful villanye. In him ceassed the Dukes of Sueuia.

[Anni regum Angli 52] Gilbert de Clare, Erle of Gloncester, for vnknowen displeasure, aliyng him selfe with the exiled gentilmen, [The yere of the worlde 5230] [The yere of Christ 1269] & other nobles of England, rose against the kinge: & helde the citee of London: but by the diligent labour of sir Ry∣chard king of Romaines, and the bishop of Reines, an a∣gremente was made betwene the king and him.

The bishops see of Rome by meane of a discencion be∣twene the cardinalles, was voyde the space of .ii. yeres.

Uariaunce betweene the felowships of goldsmithes and tailours of London, [Anni regum Angli 53] caused great ruffling in the cite, [The yere of the worlde 5231] [The yere of Christ 1270] and manye men to be slaine, for which riotte .xiii. of the chiefe capitains were reigned, cast, and hanged. Aleine S••uch

was discharged of his mairaltee by the kinge, and St••∣phene Edw••rth made constable of the tower, and cu••tos of the citee.

The disherited gentlemen were reconsiled to the king.

Lewis king of Fraunce and his three sonnes, Philip, Iohn, and Peter, with a great nauie sailed into Afrike a¦gainst the Sarasens: where by his pollicie and manhode they toke the citee of Thunes: but by reason of the vnhol∣some countrey, a pestilence infected his host, of the which the king him selfe died.

The riuer Thames was so hard frosen from the feast of S. Andrewe to Candelmas, [The yere of the worlde 5132] [The yere of Christ 1271] [Anni regum Angli 54] that men and beastes pas¦sed ouer on fote from Lambeth to Westminster. The ci∣tee of Londō with the reuenues was geuen to prince Ed¦warde.

Gregorie the .x. was bishoppe of Rome .iii. yeres. Warre betwene the Uenecians and people of Bononie.

Philip, the sonne of S. Lewys, kynge of Fraunce rey∣gned .xv. yeres.

Othacarus the .v. king of Boheme: he was a valiaunt prince, a man of great prowes, and d••syrous of warre: whom neither counsayle sayled in daungerous enterpri¦ses, nor courage in aduersitie and misfortune. By his wife Margaret he was Duke of Austrich. When the electours profered to make him emperour, he refused it sayinge, that it was a greatter thinge to be kinge of Bo∣heme, than emperour of Rome. At his entre he warred vpon Bela king of Hungarie, and him vanquyshed, and wanne the prouince of Stiria.

[The yere of the worlde 5233] [The yere of Christ 1272] Prince Edward of England, sailing into Asia, against the Infideles by his pollicye and manlye actes so demea¦ned him selfe, [Anni regum Angli 55] that oftentimes he put the Turkes to gret shame & disworship: for despite whereof they subourned a false Sarasen, by whose treason he was putte in greate daunger as his life. For he was wounded with a vene¦mous darte, and therof was sicke longe after.

Ephren a Greke of Constantinople, and Ptolomois of Luke in Italie, historiographers.

Stephene the .v. was king of Hungarie .ii. yeres.

He by the ayde of the Germaines ouercame Othacarus

kinge of Boheme, and subdued Buda to hys kingdome. The Tartarians conquered and ouerrode all Persia.

At Grenewich beside London, was a lambe yened, ha∣uing two perfite bodies and but one head. [Anni regum Angli 56] [The yere of the worlde 5234] [The yere of Christ 1273]

Richard kinge Henries brother, and king of Romay∣nes, finished his life, and was buried at Hayles.

A counsayle called at Lions in Fraunce by Gregorie the Romaine bishop, against the Grecians, for the proce∣ding of the holy ghost, and for communication to be had for the recouerie of the holy land.

Michael emperour of Constantinople, submitted hym to the church of Rome.

Hulderich king of Carinth, solde his principate of Ca∣rinthia, and the countreys of Carniola, Marchia, Scla∣uonie with other, to Othacarus kinge of Boheme: for which landes was after warre betwene Othacarus and the emperour.

Rodulph of ••abishburge, was ordeined emperoure of Almayne. This man neuer receyued the imperiall dya∣••eme, nor entred into Italie. For he vsed to recite to hys familiars, the fable of the fo••••, that sayde to the Lyon, be was a ferde to enter into his denne, because he perceiued the steppes of many beastes goinge inward, but of none that retourned out agayne. And so (he sayed) manye em¦perours haue entred Italie with great pompe and glory but by the meanes of the bishop, they retourned euel han¦dled with great iniuries.

At the citee of Form••ul••••••n Italie, the Gibelines slewe wel nere .8000. of the Guelphes.

King Henrie of England departed out of this life.

[Anni regum Angli 1] EDwarde the firste of that name, after the conqueste, surnamed Longeshanke, [The yere of the worlde 5235] [The yere of Christ] began his reigne ouer this realme of Englande, and reigned: xxxiiii. yeeres. He was muche troubled with the rebellion of the Welshe∣men▪ and Scottes, and also with warre in Fraunce. Of stature he was taule, and mightie of bodie, but nothinge grosse: His eyes were somewhat blacke, and in tyme of anger semed fierye, of so noble and valiant hart that his courage neuer fainted in most hard and daungerous en¦terprises, of witte excellente, of great towardnesse 〈◊〉〈◊〉 apte

to euerye thinge that he him selfe applied. He hated ex∣tremelye the insolent presumpcion of priestes, whiche he thought onely to rise of aboundaunce of riches: he was a su••e friende, and at idle times muche geuen to huntinge He profited greatlye his realme with newe and holsome lawes, to the redressing of many enormities, and special∣ly of the false dealing of bakers and millers.

Ladislaus the fourth was kinge of Hungarie syxtene yeeres.

Alexander kinge of Scottes, did his homoge to Ed∣ward of England. [The yere of the worlde 5236] [The yere of Christ] [Anni regum Angli 2]

Innocent the .v. was bishop of Rome .vi. monethes. Honorius the .iiii. fiftye dayes. Iohn the one and twen∣tieth .viii. monethes. The bishoppes see was voyde .vi. monethes. And then Nicholas the thirde made bishop He wreasted from the emperour of Almaine, al the coun∣trey of Bononie & Flaminia, & in the emperoures name toke from Charles kinge of Sicilie, the gouernaunce of H••truria.

Warre betwene the Uenecians and the citee Ancon.

[The yere of the worlde 5237] [The yere of Christ 1276] King Edward entred again into Wales against Lew∣line, and forced hi m to desire mercie and grace. [Anni regum Angli 3]

Ladislaus king of Hungarie, made warre to the peo∣ple called Comam, and them vanquished. He vsed hym vnhonestly toward his wife, keping other strumpets at his pleasure.

The citee of Rome was werie of the dominion of their bishoppes.

The statute of Mortmane was first enacted by kinge Edwarde. [The yere of the worlde 5238] [The yere of Christ 1277] [Anni regum Angli 4]

Michael Tonie was hanged drawen and quartered for treason.

Nicholas bishop of Rome endeuoured to erect .ii. newe kingdomes in Italie for his two nephewes. He vsurped the power of a senatour in Rome, and would suffer non other to be created.

Deadly warre was reased betwene Rodulph the empe¦rour, [The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ] and Othacarus king of Boheme, [Anni regum Angli 5] whiche enc••un∣tring in the fieldes of Austriche, foughte a sore battayle, wherein the emperour obteined the victorie, and Otha∣carus

was slain. Whose sonne Albert the emperour gen¦tilly entreated, and made him Duke of Austriche.

Reformacion was made in Englande, for clippinge of the kinges coyne, [Anni regum Angli 6] [The yere of the worlde 5240] [The yere of Christ] for whiche offence .284. Iewes were put to execution. Halfepense and farthinges were firste coyned in England.

¶Uenceslaus was the .vi. kinge of Boheme: who for his holinesse is noumbred among the sainctes.

Discencion in Rome for the election of the bishop.

[Anni regum Angli 8] Martine the fourth was bishop of Rome .iiii. yeres. [The yere of the worlde 5242] [The yere of Christ] In his firste yeere, was borne a childe (of a woman that was verie familiar with him) all hear••e and armed with cla∣wes lyke to a beare. Wherof when the bishop had know¦ledge he caused all the images of beares in his palaice to be raised out, for a manif•••• profe that he was perswaded that such fauoures as the woman doth conceiue in time of her conception, shal be represensed in the childe at hys byrthe.

Michael Paleologus emperour of Grece, was excom∣municated by the Romaine bishop, for breaking certain promises that he made in the counsayle of Lyons.

The Sarasens vanquished the Scythes and Armeni∣ans nere to Ganal••, and after great slaughter, wanne the citee.

Peter king of Arragon sailed into Afrike with a great nauie, and brought from them muche riches and praye. He endeuoured also to recouer the kingdome of Sicilie▪ wherto he made claim by the right of his wife Constāce the daughter of Manfrede.

[Anni regum Angli 9] Dauid the brother of Lewline prince of Wales vnkind∣ly and traiterously excited his brother agaynst king Ed∣ward of England. [The yere of the worlde 5243] [The yere of Christ]

The citee of Pis•• was destroyed by the Germaines Tongader the Tartarian, first receiued the law of Ma∣humet. He conquered Babilon by the helpe of the Arme∣nians.

About this time Wilhelmus Placentinus and Tad¦deus phisicions were famous. And likewise Guydo Bo¦natus an astronomer.

The people of Sicilie, detesting the pride, auarice, & effe∣minate

wantonnesse of the Frenchmen, by the counsaile of a noble mā called Iohn Piochi••••us, in one night slew all them that were within the iland, & in like maner was it doone in the citee of Form••ul••••: shortlye after whiche murder the king of Arragon entred Sicilie, and subdued to him a great part of that ilande.

[The yere of the worlde 5244] King Edwarde sent a company of souldiours into Wa¦les, [The yere of Christ 1283] [Anni regum Angli 10] vnder the ga••ding of the erles of Northumberlande and Surrei, of the which companye manye were slayne, and sir Ro••er Clifford taken prisoner▪ The Welshemen subdued certaine castelles and holdes.

Peter king of Arragon, after he had conquered a great part of Sicilie, toke on him the imperiall crowne therof and was for that cause cursed by the bishoppe of Rome, & his kingdome of Arragon proclaymed to be open to eue∣ry man that would inuade it. Charles the younger was vanquished and taken in battayle on the sea.

Philip king of Fraunce▪ in the quarell of his brother Charles king of Sicilie, proclaymed warre agaynst Pe∣ter of Arragon.

Lewline prince of Wales, [Anni regum Angli 11] was slaine by Roger Mor∣timer, [The yere of the worlde 5245] [The yere of Christ 1284] and his head set vpon the Tower of London. Sanctius the .iiii. reigned in Spayne .xi. yeres.

Charles king of Sicilie ended his life.

William Marton chauncellour of England, about this time buylded Marton colle••ge in the vniuersitee of Oxeforde.

Dauid the brother of Lewline prince of Wales was ta¦ken and beheaded: [The yere of the worlde 5246] [The yere of Christ 1285] [Anni regum Angli 12] and diuers boldes and castelles of the UUelshemen geuen to the Englishe lordes.

Prince Edward of Canaruan was borne in wales Laurence Duket a citisin of London was founde deade and hanged in the church of. S. Marie Bowes.

Philip king of France fought a strong and cruel bat∣taile with Peter king of Arragon nere to Gerunda in y^e whiche Peter receyued a wound, wherof he died shortly after: leauing two sonnes, Friderich whom he ordeined king of Arragon: and Iames to whom he gaue Sicilye. These two brethren mainteyned their fathers warre a¦gaynst the Frenchemen.

Philip king of Fraunce ended his lyfe.

Kinge Alexander of Scotlande, brake his necke by fal∣ling of a horse. Leauing no heyre male after hym. The realme contynued without kinge vi. yeres .ix. monethes

Honorius the .v. was bishop of Rome .ii. yeres. He endeuoured to toke the kingedome of Sicilie from the king of Arrogon.

The new woorke of the church of Westminster, vnto the ende of the quiece, [Anni regum Angli 13] [The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ 1286] begon in the third yere of the third Henrie, and continued in buyldinge .66, yeeres, was fy¦nished.

The Pisanes were vanquished by the Genowais, and in a battayle on the sea, loste .50. gallies and shippes, and 12000. souldiours.

The order of the Carmelites beganne of Albert Patri¦arke of Hierusalem.

Philip for his beautie surnamed the fayre▪ reigned in Fraunce .xxviii. yeres. This man because of warre that he had with the Duke of Gelderlande and other, reared great taxes and paimentes throughout his lande, as well of the clergie as laitee.

Rodulph the emperour subdued to his obedience the Suitzers, which before were subiecte to the Erle of Sa∣uoy. Pseudo vanquished Friderich, & tamed the Snaues

This yere was enacted by king Edwarde, the statutes called▪ [Anni regum Angli 14] Additamenta gloucestrie. [The yere of the worlde 1248] [The yere of Christ 1287]

In the countrey of Heluccia, a woman was deliuered of a childe, that hadde two perfite bodies from the nauill vpwarde: and an other womanne bare a childe, the fact wherof was like to a man, and the bodie to a lion.

The bishoprike of Rome was voyde .x. monethes.

[Anni regum Angli 15] King Edwarde of Englande sayled to Bordeux, [The yere of the worlde 1249] and from thens rode into Frāce. [The yere of Christ 5288] The summer this yere was so exceding hote, that men died for extreme heat, and yet was wheate so plenteous, that it was sold at London for xl. d. a quarter.

Nicolas the .iiii. was bishop of Rome▪ iiii. yeeres.

Great bayle fel in England & after that ensued so con¦tinuall raine, [Anni regum Angli 16] that the yere folowinge, [The yere of the worlde 5250] wheate was solde for .xviii. d. a bushell and so encreased yerelye the reygne

of this kinge and his sonne, till it was lastlye solde for .xl shillinges a quarter.

Peace agreed betwene the Frenchmen and Arragons.

The Florentines with great slaughter vanquished the G••bell••es of Arentine in Italie.

The citee Triple was taken and destroied by the Soul¦daine of Egipte, and the christyans slayne in most cruell wise.

Ries a Welsheman rebelling against Pain•• Tiptost warden of that countrey, [The yere of the worlde 5251] [The yere of Christ 1290] [Anni regum Angli 17] was by the erle of Cornewall in the kinges absēce taken, drawen, hanged & quartered.

About this time the Iewes were expelled wholy out of this realme.

Charles the yonger, which was prisoner a longe time in Arragon, receyued the kingedome of Sicilie, and for the same was feudarie to the Romaine bishop.

The Souldaine of Babylon conquered the citee of A∣sia called Tite, Sidon, Barutum, and raised them euen with the earth: whiche were before inhabited with Chry∣stian people. He besieged in like maner the citye of Pt••∣lom•• is called also Acres or Acon, and the same being for¦saken of the christians, with great cruelte burnt and de∣stroied: By this meanes were the christians vtterly cha∣sed out of Surie .190. yeres, after they firste wonne Ieru¦salem vnder Godfrei of Bolo••ne.

Ladislaus king of Hungarie was slaine by the Coma∣nes, and then succeded Andrewe the thirde, whiche rey∣gned .••ii. yeres.

Rodolph emperour of Almaine ouerthrew wel nere 60. castelles and holdes in the prouince of Thuring, and by that meanes quieted the countrey of Germanie.

Andrewe king of Hungarie subdued Austrich, [Anni regum Angli 18]

[The yere of the worlde 5252] [The yere of Christ 1291] Alexander kinge of Scotland (as is before sayd) dyed without issue male, wherof ensued great discord among the Scottes, whiche toke parte with Iohn Bailoll, and Robert Bruce making claime to the crowne: and shortly after deadlye warre folowed betwene the .ii. realmes of England and Scotland.

The election of the king of Scottes was committed to the iudgemente of kinge Edward of Englande: [The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ 1292] [Anni regum Angli 19] who af∣ter

sufficiēt profe made to the Scottes, that he was chiefe head and soueraigne of the realme of Scotlande, by all their consentes toke full possession of the same ••and then caused Iohn Bailol to be ordeyned kinge, because he des∣cended of the elder doughter of Erle Dauid kinge Wyl¦liams brother.

A••oulphus was chosen emperour of Almaine, and rei¦gned .vii. yeres. He was vnfortunate in all thinges that he went about, & therwith so nedye and poore, that when he had receiued of king Edwarde of Englande .100000. markes, to ayde him against the Frenche king, he spente the money vpon his housholde, and had not wherwith to fulfill his promisse when time required.

By discentio•• of the cardinals the bishoprike of Rome was voyde .ii. yeres and .iiii. monethes.

About this time (as witnesseth Polidore, and as it se∣meth most agreeinge with other histories greeuous and cruell warre began betwene king Edwarde of England and Philip of France, for takinge of certayne shippes of Normandie. Philip summoned kinge Edwarde to ap∣peare at his parliamente, but he thereat disdeigned, and yelded vp into his handes the Duchie of Guyan, enten∣dinge ere it were longe to make claime to the whole duke¦dome of Normandie.

Philip sent Raulfe Nele the constable of France with a mightye power againste the Gascoines, whiche by the syde of Englishemen, defended them so manfullye, that great hurt was done on both partes.

Adoulphus the emperour endeuoured to depriue Albert of his duchie of Austriche, [Anni regum Angli] and certaine other landes: [The yere of the worlde 5154] [The yere of Christ 1293] for which cause was betwene them fierce warre.

King Iohn Bailol of Scotlande, came to Newcastel, and did homage to king Edwarde.

The Welshemen, by the ••••ering of Modoke and Mor∣gaine rebelled against the kinge, who sped him towarde them in al hastie wise, and shortlye brought that vnstede¦fast and vnruly people to a newe reclaime, and▪ then com¦maunded their woodes to be cutte to the grounde. Af∣ter whiche time he helde them in more rest and quyet.

The Frenchmen with a company of ships, arriued at

Douer, robbed the towne, and were chased thens wyth the losse of many of their men.

Charles de Ualots kinge Philippes brother, besieged the castell of Rion in Gascoyne, wherein were sir Iohn seint Iohn, and Iohn de Britaine Englisshe capitaines.

Michael Paleogolus emperour of Grece, ended his life, whom the Grecian priestes suffered to be vnburyed because that at the counsayle of Lyons, be agreed to the Romaine church, in procedinge of the holy ghost.

Celestine bishop of Rome .vi. monethes, [Anni regum Angli 21] he resygned the papacie to Boniface the, [The yere of the worlde 5255] [The yere of Christ 1294] viii. whiche reygned .viii. yeres .ix. monethes.

Andronicus & Michaell emperours of Constantinople.

Madoke, which caused the Welshmen to rebell, was hanged drawen and quartered at London.

Iohn Bailol king of Scottes▪ contrarie to his allegi∣ance, by the exci••ing of the Frenchmen, rebelled agaynst kinge Edwarde.

Dinus Mugellanus, Lamfranke, Balbus the gathe∣rer of Catholicon, and Rabi Gerundentis▪ flourished.

King Edward wanne from the Scottes the castels▪ of Barwike & Dunbarre: he slewe of the Scottes aboue .xl. thousande, and toke prisoners sir William Douglas, sir Simon ••e Fre••sel, the erle Pairike, sir Robert Le Bruze with many other of name. He conquered also Edenbou∣rough▪ where he founde the regaul insignes of Scotland that is, the crowne, the sceptre, and the cloth of estate.

Iohn Bailol king of Scottes, with his sonne Edward came to Mont Ros, where he, voyde of all kinglye orna∣mentes, with a white rodde in his hande, came before king Edwarde, and resigned all ryghte and tytle that he had or might haue to the crowne of Scotland, and made him a charter therof. Also shortlye after at Barwike, all the nobles were sworne to be true subiectes to hym in ti¦mes coming.

In this meane time, the Englishemen susteined many stormes in Gascoyne and Guyan.

Sir Hugh Gr••ssinghā was made regent of Scotland.

Boniface the .viii. was bishop of Rome, whiche by hys trecherie and falshode, caused his predecessour Celestine

to forsake his byshoprike. He reared also deadlye warres in Italy.

Kynge Edwarde sailed into Flaunders to rescue Guye theyr Ecle, [Anni regum Angli 23] [The yere of the worlde 5257] [The yere of Christ 1256] which was greuously ouerset by the Frenche kynge, so that he had wonne from hym muche of his lan∣des. Shortly after kynge Edwardes comynge, a peace was concluded for .ii. yeres, and then he went to Burd••ur

The ••cottes by the intisement of the Frenchemen, and leadyng of one Wylliam Wallace rebelled, and put the Englishemen to much trouble and losse of many men: a∣monge the which was sir Hugh Gressingham.

The electours chose Albert Duke of Austria, to be their emperoure, and deposed Adoulphus, because he was not of power to mainteine the imperial maiestee.

Kynge Edwarde vanquisshed the Scottes, [The yere of Christ] and nere to a towne called Fankirke, [Anni regum Angli] [The yere of the worlde 5253] slewe of theim in one battayle 32000. at whiche tyme (as some write) were slaine of the Englishemen, but barelye .xviii. persons. After this o∣uerthrow the Scottes yelded, the Scottysshe historye re∣ferreth this to the next yere folowyng.

Kynge Edwarde for a fynall peace to be had betweene Englande and Fraunce, toke to wife Margaret the sister of Phillip the Frenche king.

A league and truce 〈◊〉〈◊〉 graunted to the Flemminges, which continued not long. For the Flemminges of Bru¦gis (while theyr Duke Gu••e and his sonne were kepte in prison by the Frenche kynge) set vpon the Frenche capy∣taines, and put them to a great afterdeale.

The bishoppe of Rome vsed great cruel•••••• towarde the house of Columnēses, and toke from them theyr castels.

Kyng Edward, hearynge of the vntrouth and rebelly¦on of the Scottes, [Anni regum Angli 25] made his thirde vyage againste theim▪ [The yere of the worlde 5265] [The yere of Christ 1298] wherin he behaued hym so knyghtly, that in shorte space he subdued a great parte of the lande, and toke the castell Estriualine, with other holdes, & made the lordes sweare to him feauitee and homage.

Adoulphus and Alberte (contendyng for the imperiall auctorytee) on the mountaine Hansenbull, fought a cruel battaile: wherin Adoulphus was slayne, and Albert suc¦ceded in the empyre, and reygned .x. yeres. He, desyringe

to be crowned with the imperiall Diademe of the byshop of Rome, could not obteine it. For Boniface saied to him, that his election was frustrate, withoute his auctoryt••e, whiche helde the power of bothe swoordes, that is, of ec∣clesiastical and ciuile iurisdiction.

Boniface made the sixt boke of the decrees.

The kyng of Englande gaue to Edward his sonne the principate of Wales, [The yere of the worlde 5260] [The yere of Christ 1299] [Anni regum Angli 26] and i••ig••ed therto the Erldome of Cornwall.

Iames kynge of Arragon and Sicilie, ended his lyfe. Wherefore Robert, Duke of Calabre, and sonne of that Charles, whiche contented with the Arragons for Sici∣lie,, inuaded Sicilie, and toke Cathina: but the Sicili∣ans fauourynge more the parte of the Arragons, with∣stode Robert, and in a battaile on the sea vanquisshed and toke Phillip his brother, & slew many of hys souldiours.

The Flemminges of Brugis were soughten with, of Otho Duke of Burgoyne, in the quarell of the Frenche kynge, who by the ayde of the Frenchemen slew of them xv. thousande.

[The yere of the worlde 5261] [The yere of Christ 1300] Friderich of Arragon beyng ordeyned kyng of Sicily, [Anni regum Angli 27] subdued to hym the countrey of Calabre.

Gr•••••• rufflyng and vnquietnesse was in Hetruria, the space of .ii. yeres.

Charles of Ualois was appoynted of the byshoppe of Rome, to be defendour of S. Peters patrimonie.

Boniface the eight ordeined fyrst a Iubilei in Rome: in the solemnysyng wherof, the fyrste daye he shewed hym selfe to the people in his pontificalibus, and gaue free re∣mission of synnes to as many as came to Rome out of all partes of the worde: the seconde daye, beyng arayed with imperiall insignes, he commaunded a naked swoorde to be caried before hym, and saied with a lowde voyce: Lo•• beholde the power and auctorite•• of both swoordes.

Othomannus, a man of vnknowen byrth, steered with desyre to beare a rule, toke on hym the kyngdome of the Turkes, and subdued to his seignory a great part of Bi∣thynia and other countreis: of him descended linially the kynges of Turkes to this daye, whose generacion hathe wrought much scathe to the Christians.

UUarre was reuiued betwene Fraunce and Flaūders, in the which the Flemminges were put to great damage and losse of men: shortly after peace was concluded.

[Anni regum Angli 28] New faccions rose in Italie: where, [The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ] as before 〈◊〉〈◊〉 they were called Guelphes and Gibelines, so were they nowe called Al••i and Nigri, by the which Italye was wonder∣fully disquieted with sedicion and warre.

At this tyme sprange a new heresie not vnlike to the A••nabaptistes, y^e folowers wherof were named Fra••••••cel••▪

Tamor Can the sixt Emperoure of the Tartarians 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Cathay, a prince exceding riche.

Henricus de Gandano, Arnoldus de Uilla noua, Gor∣donius, Mundinus, Scotus, [The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ] and Dantes the poete liued at this time.

[Anni regum Angli 29] Boniface▪ for his priuate displeasure, dyd excommuni∣cate kyng Phillip of France, & proclaimed him, not to be kyng. Phillip set at libertee Sarra, a noble man, whome the bishop had depriued of all his landes and possessions.

In this yere the Scottysshe historie maketh mencion, of a great ouerthrow geuen by the Scottes to the Engli∣shemen, at Roslyng, and that kyng Edward beyng ther∣with meued, perced the realme of Scotlande, and wente through all the lande from the north to the southe partes therof, and forced them all to sweare to hym homage and feaultee, whiche seemeth to be the same conquest that we spake of in the .xxv. yere of his reigne.

Boniface crowned and confyrmed Albert in the empire on this condicion, that he would take on him the crowne of Fraunce, and expell Phillip: but the .ii. prynces wyse∣lye agreed betweene theim selfe, and contemned the ty∣ranny of bishop Boniface.

Uenceslaus, whiche of the Hungares is called Ladys∣laus, the sonne of the kyng of Boheme, reigned in Hun∣gary .iii. yeres.

[Anni regum Angli 30] Boniface bishoppe of Rome was cast in prisō by Sar∣ra, whom he had expelled out of the citee, [The yere of the worlde 5264] [The yere of Christ] in whiche pry∣son he dyed. Of this byshop it is wrytten, that he entred into the bishoprike lyke a foxe, reigned lyke a woulfe, and died lyke a dogge.

[Anni regum Angli 31] Bennet was bishop of Rome .viii. monethes: [The yere of the worlde 5225] [The yere of Christ] he assoy∣led

the Frenche kynge, the byshoprike was voyde .xi. mo∣nethes.

Uenceslaus the .vii. kynge of Boheme, for his dronkennesse and lechery was slaine in Mora••ia. [The yere of the worlde 5266] [The yere of Christ 1305] [Anni regum Angli 32]

Faccions, sedicions, commocions, and deadly warres in most miserable wise tourmēted the countrey of Italy.

Sir Robert de Bruze the Scotte, stole priuilye oute of Englande, and fledde into hys countrey, where he slewe the Erle sir Iohn Cummyn, because he hadde in certaine letters ••etrayned hym to kyng Edward, as going about to steere vp the Scottes to a new rebellion.

Seraph or Melecnasser Souldaine of Aegypte, he was sor•• ou••••set by the Tartarians.

¶ Otho, Duke of Bauarie was ordeyned kynge of Hun∣gary, 〈◊〉〈◊〉 the 〈◊〉〈◊〉.

[The yere of Christ 1306] Clemen••e the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 was bishop of Rome .viii. yeres. [Anni regum Angli 33] He transferred the bishoppes see of Rome, [The yere of the worlde 5267] from Italye into Fraunce, where it continued the space of .74. yeres.

A great sedicion in Paris betwene the noble men and the commons, for enhau••sing of rentes.

Wylliam Wallaice, which had done so many 〈◊〉〈◊〉 a∣sures to kynge Edwarde in Scotlande, was 〈◊〉〈◊〉 and hanged. The nobles of Scotlande in a 〈◊〉〈◊〉 at W••estminste••r, voluntarily swore to be true to the king of Englande, and to kepe the lande of Scotlande to hys vse against al persons.

At the coronacion of Clement byshop of Rome, by the fall of a walle, the Duke of Britayne was slayne, and kynge Phillip of France maimed. A carbuncle was stri∣ken out of the bishops miter, whiche was in value worth vi. thousande crownes. The byshop ordeyned .iii. cardy∣nalles, whiche (as it were .iii. senatours) shoulde gouerne the countrey of Italye to hys beho••lffe. He gaue also the ilande of Sardinia to Friderike kynge of Sicilie, to the entent he should expel the Sarasens.

The emperour Albert ordeined his son Rodoulph king of Boheme, and expelled Henry the Duke of Carinth.

The Scottes, by the counsaile of the Abbotte of Stone, [Anni regum Angli 34] purchased a dyspensacion of the byshop of Rome, [The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ 1307] for the othe that they had made to the kynge of Englande, and

••hose to their kinge Robert Le Bruze.

When king Edwarde hard of this treason, he wente with all hast into Scotlande: where, in a playne, nere to S. Iohnes towne, he encountred, vanquished, and cha∣sed sir Robert le Bruse, and all the ••••wer of Scotlande: and toke manye of the noble men prisoners, amonge the whiche were certayne bishops, and an abbotte that were armed in the 〈◊〉〈◊〉, contrarie to their trouthe and al••gi∣ance: Robert le Bruze fled into Norway.

Henrie, (that was expelled by the emperour was againe made king of Boheme.

All the templares were put downe in France, and their goodes and possessions throughout all Christendome, ge¦uen by the bishoppe of Rome, to the knyg••••e•• of s. Iohn Baptiste. This order was destroyed for their d••sta••le he••e••ie and other enor••••t••es.

The hospitelars recoue••ed Rhodes from the Sarasens

Conti••••i••g the war in Scotland the noble kinge Ed∣warde ended his life, who at his death charged his lor∣des to bo••e his bodie till the fleshe seuered from the bo∣nes, and then to burie his fleshe in Englande, and kepe still the bones, and as often as the Scottes rebelled: to assemble the people and carie with them his bones, trust∣ing that if they were present, that froward people should the soner be vanquished.

EDward the second, sonne of the first Edwarde, [The yere of the worlde 5269] [The yere of Christ] and prince of Wales: [Anni regum Angli 1] begane his reigne ouer England and reigned .xviii. yeres. This Edwarde was fayre of bodie, but vnstedfaste of maners, and disposed to light¦nesse. For he refused the company of his lordes and men of honour, and haunted amonge villaines, and vile perso¦nages. He gaue him selfe also to ouer muche drinkynge, and lightlye woulde disclose thinges of great couns••yle: and besides, that he was geuen to these vices of nature, he was made much worse by the couns••ile and familiarit••e of certaine euell disposed personnes, as Pi••rse of Gaue¦ston, Hugh the Spensers, and other whose wanton coun¦saile he folowing gaue him selfe to the appetite and plea∣sure of the body, nothing ordering his common weale by sadnesse, dyscrescion, and iustice: whiche thinge caused

first, great variance betwene him and his nobles, so that shortly he became to them ••dible, and in the ende was de¦priued of his kingdome. This Edwarde toke to wyfe Isabell the doughter of Philip the fayre, king of France

The Scottes did homage to kinge Edwarde at Dum∣freis.

Otho king of Hungarie was taken and cast into prison by a noble man called Ladislaus.

¶Alphons the .xi. kinge of Castile reigned .xl, yeres

Robert was king of Naples

Iohn nephew to Albert the emperour, slewe his owne vncle betwene the two riuers of Heluecia, called Risa. and A••ula, nere to Rhine, the place to this daye is called kinges fielde, where the quene of Hungarye buylded an abbey. After the death of Albert was great vnquietnesse in Italie, for euerie citee desired a peculiar gouernoure And Philip of France was put in hope by the bishop of Rome, to obteine the empire, and therfore came into I∣talye wyth a great power, and toke manye townes, but failed of his purpose

[The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ 1309] Henrie the .vii. was ordeined emperour of Germanie and reigned .v, yeres .viii. monethes. [Anni regum Angli 2] He was a noble and victorious prince, & therewith gentill, liberall, and of great iustice and honestye. He assembled .iii. mig••tye ar••••••es, of the whiche one he sent agaynst the Duke of Wirtenburge, from whens he toke 72. cast••••s. An other he sent with his sonne Iohn into Beheme, to obtein that kingdome: the third him selfe led into Italie against the citees Bri••ium, Florence, Cremons, and other rebelles which fauoured the Guelphes: to whom he brought su∣che terrour and feare of his name, as ••ew••mpe ours b•• do••e before ti••••e. At Millaine he was crowned wyth a crowne of yron.

The crouch friers came first into Englande. [Anni regum Angli 3]

[The yere of the worlde 5271] [The yere of Christ 1310] So great a dearth 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Scotlande, that the common peo¦ple did eate horse fleshe, and other vnaccustomed meates to sust••ine their liues.

Charles, was chosen king of Hungarie, and reigned xxxiii. yeares. He hadde successiuely .iii. wifes, Marye the doughter of the king of Polonie: Beatrix the dough∣ter

of Henrye the emperour, and ••elisabeth, the daugh∣ter of the Duke of Boheme, of the laste he receyued iii. sonnes, Ladislaus, Lewes, and Andrew.

Robert Le Bruze began to be of power againe in Scot¦lande, & discomfited sir Iohn Cummin Erle of Bucham and certaine other, whiche helde on the Englishe part.

A counsaile holden at Uienna, [The yere of Christ 1311] where the name of the templares was abolished. [Anni regum Angli 4] [The yere of the worlde 5272]

Roberte Le Bruze expelled the Englyshmen out of a great part of Scotland, and inuaded the borders of Eng¦lande.

[Anni regum Angli 5] At Rome Henry the emperoure receyued the imperyall Diademe of the cardinals. [The yere of the worlde 5273] [The yere of Christ 2312] He assigned certaine lieuete∣nantes to the cities of Lumbardye.

The Flemminges rebelled against kinge Philyp of France

The pride and tirannye of Piers of Gaueston caused grudge and malice betwene king Edwarde of England and his nobles, so that for this cause the saied Piers by suite of the nobles was twise or thrise banished y^e realme and styll called againe by the kinge. Wherfore (in thys yere) the lordes beyng confederate, slew him beside war wike, to the great discontentyng of the kinges mynde. ¶Iohn, the emperous sonne, was king of Boheme.

Of Andronicus and his successours, emperours of Cō¦stantinople: I finde no certaintie, howe longe time they reigned: I wyll therfore name as many of theym as I know, gessing as nie the time as I can, Egnacius saieth that Michaell Paleologus reygned about .xl. yeares, next to hym he setteth Audronicus, which had longe con∣tencion with the younger Andronicus. Blondus setteth betwene theim Carolo••oannes.

[Anni regum Angli 6] Henrye the emperour besieged the cytie Florence, [The yere of the worlde 5274] [The yere of Christ] he made peace with Friderich king of Sicilie, and ledde an armye against his mortal enemy Roberte Duke of Na∣ples. Not long after, he was poisoned by a monke, why∣che in ministring the sacrament gaue him poyson.

The Englishemen encountred Robert Le Beuze & his Scottes at Estriualin, [Anni regum Angli 7] [The yere of the worlde 5275] [The yere of Christ] wher was foughten a strong but taile, in the ende wherof the Englyshmen were discom∣fited,

and so egrely pursued by the Scottes, that many of the noble men were slaine, as the Erle of Gloucester, sir Robert Clifforde, sir Edmunde of Maule, with other lor¦des to the nomber of .xlii. and knyghtes and baron••••tes 67. beside .xxii. men of name, whiche were taken pryso∣ners, and .10000. other common souldiours slaine, or af∣ter the Scottishe historye .50. thousand. after this time, the forenamed Robert Bruze, reigned as kinge of Scot∣lande.

The ci••••syns of Pise in Italy, chose for theyr Duke a noble man called N••••uicio.

¶Lewis the leueuth, sone of Phillip Le Beaue was or∣deined kyng of France, and reigned .ii. yeres. He led an armye against the Fleminges, but he atchiued nothing worthy memory.

A vilayne, called Iohan Tanner, in dyuers places of England named him selfe the sonne of Edward the first and saied, [The yere of the worlde 5276] [The yere of Christ 1315] [Anni regum Angli 8] that by a false nourse he was stollē out of his cradell, and Edwarde that was nowe kinge, put in hys place. But shortly after he was conuict of his vntrouth. and confessed, that he dyd it by the mocion of a familyar spirite.

The Scottes inuaded Irelande, and kept warre with the Irish men the space of .iiii. yeres.

Lewys was emperour of Almaine .33. yeres, betwene him and Friderich Duke of Austrich was longe warre For part of the electours chose Friderike, part Lewis of Bauarie. These two Cesars, with their armyes, mette first at Frankforde, but thei i••igned not in bataile, than Leopalde, a Duke of Austriche, comynge to healpe hys brother, profered battayle to Lewes, but he gaue backe, and fled to Eslengham, wher was betwene theim a sore conflict so greatly to the losse of bothe partes, that ney∣ther of them claimed victorye,

The byshoprike of Rome, after the death of Clemente, was voyde .ii. yeres .iii. monethes.

The castell of Berwyke was yelden vp to the Scottes, by the treason of Peter Spaldyng. [The yere of the worlde 5277] [The yere of Christ 1316] [Anni regum Angli]

A great moreine of beastes in Englande, and therwith pestilence, and other sickenesse.

Philippe the .v. for his heyghte surnamed the Longe was made king of Fraunce, and reygned .vi. yeres.

The Scottes entred the borders of Northumberland and most cruelly robbing and hariyng the countrey, [Anni regum Angli 10] [The yere of the worlde 5278] [The yere of Christ] spa¦red neyther man woman nor childe. To this mischye•••• was ioygned so exceding dearth & scarcitee, that wheate was solde for .iiii. markes a quarter, the common people did eat horsefleshe and diuers other vile beastes, and ma¦ny dyed for hunger.

At the same time was a great dearth in Fraunce.

Robert le Bruze, leauing Iames Douglas gouernour of Scotland, went into Irelande to ayde his brother Ed¦warde.

King Edward assembled a newe hoste, and went into Scotland, where he layed siege to Berwike. But in the meane time the Scottes by an other way, inuaded the borders of England, and wasted the countrey euen to Yorke, wherby Edward was constr••yned to breke hys siege and retourne with great daunger.

At this time sir Hugh the Spensers, the father and the sonne, were of great power in Englande, and by the fe∣uour of the king, practised suche cruelty, and bare them selfe so haughtly and so proude, that no lord of this land might gainesay thē in any thing that they thought good whereby they were in greate hatred and indignacion a∣monge the nobles.

Iohn the .xxii. was bishoppe of Rome, xviii. yeres. He was a cruel and wicked tiranne, geuen only to heaping vp of riches, and vexed greatly the emperour, he proclay¦med them heretikes, which taught that Christe and hys apostels had no possessions in this worlde.

Albert and Lewis encountred the second time at Brus¦co, a riuer of Alsacia, where Lewes was f••ine to forsake the fielde.

[Anni regum Angli 12] The lordes and nobles of Englande (detesting the out¦ragious pride of the Spensers, [The yere of the worlde 5280] [The yere of Christ] whereby they wroughte dayly both great dishonour to the king, and hinderance to the common weale) in suche wise conspired agaynste theim, that they caused the king halfe agaynst his mind to remoue from him the Spensers, and banyshe theym

the realme.

The Irishemen, by the ayde that they had out of Eng¦lande, droue the Scottes out of their lande, at whyche time manye of the noble men of Scotlande were slayne amonge the whiche was Edwarde le Bruze, the kinges brother.

In Italy Huguicio, Duke of Py••e, vanquished y^e peo¦ple of He••curia, at the mountayne called Catinum.

[The yere of the worlde 5281] [The yere of Christ 1329] Kinge Edwarde contrarie to the minde of his lordes reuoked the Spensers from banishmente, [Anni regum Angli 13] and set theym in like auctoritee as they before had bene, to the greate disturbance of the realme, and not long after pursued y^e Barons, and chased them so egrelye from place to place that in shorte space he put to death about the nombre of xxii. of the greatest men of his realme.

The Flemminges made league with the Frenchmen.

Italie was miserablye tourmented with diuers com∣mocions and sedicions of the Guelphes and Gibelines In all these debates the Guelphes fauoured the byshops partye, and the Gibelines the emperour, or some other noble men.

[The yere of Christ 1321] After that kinge Edward hadde put to deathe manye of his lordes, [The yere of the worlde 5282] [Anni regum Angli 14] he ordeyned. M. Roberte Baldoke a man of euel fame to be chaunceller of Englande.

The two noble men, whiche contended for the empyre of Germanie, ioyned in battayle, betwene Milberge and Oetingen, where Lewys obteyned the victory, and Fri∣derich was disconfited and taken.

The leipres or lazars, by the counsayle of the Iewes poysoned diuers wels in France, and were therfore put to shameful death

In Englande the sonne appered as bloud, [Anni regum Angli] and so con¦tinued .vi. houres. [The yere of the worlde 5283] [The yere of Christ 1322]

Lewis the emperour ordeyned in the cities of Italye certayne deputyes, to gouerne the same to his behoulfe.

The Scottes inuaded the realme of Englande.

Rainerius, Lampertus de Rāponibus, Ioannes An∣dree lawiers, Uarignana, Platearius phisicious, Rai∣mundus Lull••us, Franciscus Maronis, Nicholaus de Lyra, and William Occham were famous.

The citisins of Luke and Pyse in Italy expelled Hu∣guicio, with his sonne Nerius, and toke for their gouer¦nour one Castruci{us}, which was before time imprisoned in the citee of Luca, by the forenamed Huguicio.

Charles the third, and sonne of Philippe the fayre, be¦gan his dominion ouer France, and reigned .v. yeres.

Kinge Edwarde, with a mightye armie, entred Scot∣lande, [Anni regum Angli 16] but with syckenesse, and other mysfortunes that chaunced amonge his souldiers, [The yere of the worlde 5284] [The yere of Christ 132] he within shorte space was forced to retourned into Englande, wherof sir Ia∣mes Douglas, and the Scottes hauing knowlage, pur∣sued him in suche wise, that they slewe many Englyshe∣men, and had wel nere taken the kynge.

Charles of Fraunce warred vpon the landes of king Edwarde in Gascoyne and Guyan, [Anni regum Angli 17] [The yere of the worlde 5285] [The yere of Christ 1324] and toke ther many townes and castels.

Kinge Edwarde sent his wife Isabell to entreat with her brother Charles for peace, or (as Frosard sayth) the quene her selfe, fearing the tirannie and mischiefe of the Spensers, fled with her yong son Edward into France and was gentelly receyued of her brother, whych made great promise to ayde her agaynst the iniurie & tiranny of the Spensers.

Robert duke of Puell, after he had obteyned the citye of Gean, expelled the Gibelines from Soana. Galae∣ceus chased the Guelphes out of y^e citee called Uercelle.

[Anni regum Angli 18] Charles king of France, [The yere of the worlde 5286] [The yere of Christ 1325] partly being corrupted with money, partly fearing the manassinges of the bishop of Rome (whiche was in lyke maner bribed with riche gif∣tes, by the Spensers) forsoke his sisters quarel, and com¦maunded her to auoyde his lande.

Quene Isabell, by the ayde and healpe of sir Iohn of Heinalt, [Anni regum Angli 19] with a small company of Henowayes, [The yere of the worlde 5287] [The yere of Christ 1326] retour∣ned into Englande, to whom the nobles and commons gathered in great noumbre, and pursued the kynge, the Spensers, and other enemies so narowly, that shortly af¦ter they toke them, and kept the king in prison at Bar••∣clei, where not longe after, he was murdered by sir Ro¦ger Mortimer, sir Hugh the Spensers, Iohn Erle of A∣rundell, Robert Baldoke and other tirannes, whyche of

longe time had greued the realme, they put to worthye punishement.

EDward the thirde, after the deposinge of his father was crowned kinge of Englande and reygned .50. yeres. [The yere of the worlde 5288] [The yere of Christ 1327] [Anni regum Angli 1] This man, besyde al other giftes of nature, was endued with passing comely beauty and fauour, of witte prouident, circumspect, and gentil, doing nothing without great wisedome and consideracion. He was a man of excellent modestie and temperaunce, and aduan¦ced suche persons to high dignities, as did most passe o∣ther in integritie and innocency of lyfe. In feates of ar∣mes he was very experte, as the noble prowesse by hym atchieued doe well declare. Of his liberalitee & clemen∣cie he shewed many great examples, brefely in al prince¦ly vertues he was so excellēt, that few noble men before his time can be to him compared. At the beginninge he was chefely ordered by sir Roger Mortimer and his mo¦ther Isabell.

Robert kinge of Scottes sent his defiaunce to yonge kinge Edwarde, and inuaded the borders of England.

Kinge Edward, made preparacion toward Scotland, at which time fel great variance betwene the archers of Englande, and the souldiours of sir Iohn of ••eynalde and shortly after the English army being in the borders was so sore distressed for lacke of forage and other neces¦saries, that they were all in great daunger. By the trea∣son of sir Roger Mortimer the Scottes escaped without battaile, wherby the kinge loste that vyage and all hys charges.

By the counsayle of sir Roger Mortimer and the olde queene, king Edward made a dishonourable peace with the Scottes. For he restored to theim all auncient wry∣tinges, charters, and patentes, whereby the kynges of Scotland had obliged thē to be s••udaries to the crowne of Englande, with other like vnprofitable conditions. Lewys the emperour at the instance of many noble mē of Italye, came to Millaine, where he according to y^e an∣cient custome, was crowned with a Diademe of yron.

Iohn the bishoppe of Rome excommunicated Lewys and disanulled his election, because he vsed imperial dig¦gnitee

in Italy before he was auctorised by him. Thys variance continued well nere .xx. yeares, in whyche the emperour profered often times to make entreatie of con¦corde and peace, but the stife necked tyranne of Rome wolde neuer bende. The writinges of bothe partes con¦cerning this controuersie remaine at these dayes, in the which the byshop feareth not to make his auaunte, that he had full power to create and depose kinges and empe¦rours at his pleasure, and at the same tyme were many learned men, whiche did greatly disalowe the byshop of Romes doynges, amonge the whiche was Occham, a man in his dayes of great fame. A boke also was made by a learned man, and geuē to the emperour, which was called, defensor pacis, that is, the Defēdour of peace, wher∣in this controuersy is disputed, and the bishop of Romes vnlawfull tyran nie sette forth to the vttermost. A great cause of this variance (as some write) was bicause one of the emperours secretaries, vnknowing to the emperour in cerayne of his letters had called the bishop the beast ri¦syng out of the sea, alluding to the place of the Apocalips

Castrucius gouernour of Luke, and Accius of Millain iuignyng their puisaunce, vanquished and slew the Flo¦rentines.

¶Lewys the emperour was receiued into Rome wyth great honour, and crowned with the imperial Diademe of Stephene de Columna a cardynall.

Castrucius recouered the citie Pistorinall, and shortly after ended his lyfe.

One Peter was made Antipape by the emperoure a∣gainst Iohn, whiche was all this tyme in Frāce, Lewis retournyng to Germanie lefte byshop Peter at Luca.

Charles the Frenche kinge dyed wythout issue, after whom the kingdome of Fraunce by right of inheritage was due to kinge Edwarde of Englande, for so much as he was the sonne of Isabell the syster of Charles. But they defeited him of his righte, saiynge, that the crowne of France was neuer wont to come by successyon to the woman, but to the issue male.

Dauid the yonge prince of Scotland maried Iane the suster of king Edwarde. [Anni regum Angli 2] [The yere of the worlde 5289] [The yere of Christ]

Dulcinus and Duuandus heretikes.

¶Phillip of Ualoyes, by the counsaile of the .xx. pyeres and specially of Roberte of Artois, was made kynge of Fraunce, and reigned .xv. yeres. He made warre vpon the Flemminges (whiche rebelled against Lewys their Erle) and them vanquished in a stronge battaile, and re¦stored Lewes to the possession of his landes, after he had beaten downe and destroyed the towne of Cassell.

¶Orcanes the seconde kinge of Turkes, reigned .xxii. yeres. He wanne Brusis from the Grecians, while Can¦tazuzenus, and Paleologus contended for the empyre.

[The yere of the worlde 5290] Edmund Erle of Kent, [The yere of Christ 1329] [Anni regum Angli 3] vncle to king Edward of Eng¦lande, beyng falsely accused of treasō, was by sir Roger Mortimer put to death.

Prince Edwarde was borne at Woodstocke. which in processe of tyme grewe to a noble and famous man, and was in his days counted the flower of chiualry through out all the worlde.

¶After the death of Robert 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Bruze, Dauid his sonne viii. yeres of age. succeded in the kingdome of Scotland and riegned .xixix. yeres.

Sir Roger Mortimer was accused for dyuers poinctes of treason, [The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ 1330] [Anni regum Angli 4] and namely that he was ouer familiar wyth the olde quene Isabell the kinges mother, for whiche ac∣cusacions he was shortly after beheaded.

Robert Erle of Artois, a man of great power in Frāce was banished the realme for a certaine plea, whiche (as men thought) he made by vnlawful meanes to the Erle∣dome of Artois, who not long after came into England and excited king Edward to claime the crown of Frāce

The citisyns of Pise and Luca in Italye, whych were brought in subiection to the emperour, claymed againe their libert••e. After the emperoure was departed from Italie, Boniface Erle of Pise, toke Peter the Antipape, and presented him to Iohn, of whom he was cast in pry∣son, and shortly after dyed.

The Germaines solde the citie of Luca to a noble man of Gean.

[The yere of the worlde 5292] Edwarde Bailoll, the sonne of Iohn Bailol, [Anni regum Angli 5] late king of Scotlande, [The yere of Christ 1331] by lycenee before purchased of kinge Ed∣warde,

entred Scotlande, claimynge the crowne by the ryghte of his father, where he vanquysshed the Scottes, and was crowned king at Sconoe.

Iohn king of Boheme, entring Italy, brought vnder his subiection Brixia, Bergamum, Luca, Parma, Rhe∣gium and Mutina.

[Anni regum Angli 6] Kynge Edward went into Scotland with a great po∣wer, and (as witnesseth the Englyshe histories) at a place called Haldoune hill, gaue to the Scottes batayle, [The yere of the worlde 1293] [The yere of Christ] wher¦in he obteined a triumphant victorye. So that he slewe of theim .viii. Erles .900. knightes and Baronettes .400. Esquiers, and .32000. common souldyours, and of the Englyshmen were slaine onely .xv. persons, at the same viage he wan the towne of Edenbourgh and Barwike, with many other castelles, and gaue the gouernaūce of Scotlande to Edwarde Ba••lol, betwene whom and the Scottes were foughten many batayles, with great dy∣uersitie and change of fortune.

The younge king Dauid fled into France.

After this time the Scottes so often rebelled, that king Edwarde made .iii. vyages into that lande wythin the space of .iiii. yeares. and with greate manhode alwaye vanquished his enemies, [Anni regum Angli 7] [The yere of the worlde 5294] [The yere of Christ 1333] and caused theim to sweare to him feaultie and homage. In these battailes were slaine well nere all the nobilitye of Scotlande, wyth infynyte numbre of the common people.

Kyng Phillip of Fraūce made great preparacyon for a viage into the holy lande.

Bennet the .xii was bishoppe of Rome .vii. yeares. He by the counsaile of Phillip king of Fraunce, [Anni regum Angli 9] [The yere of the worlde 5296] [The yere of Christ] confyrmed the censours and cursinges, that Iohn hys predicessour had published against Lewys the emperour.

Mastinus Scaliger, lorde of Uerone, Brixia, and Per∣gamum in Itali, subdued of him Parma, Luca and Pa¦talum, against him conspyred the Uenecians, Florenti∣nes and dyuers princes of Italye, betwene whom were ••o••ghten dyuers batailles, greatly to the losse of bothe partes, but in y^e ende peace was made with Scaliger on this condicion, that he shoulde forsake Patanye, Brixia and Pergamum, & holde in his possession Uerone, Uin∣cence,

Parma, and Luca.

Warre was proclaymed betwene the kynges of Eng∣lande and Fraunce.

[The yere of the worlde 5297] [The yere of Christ 1336] The bishop of Rome beyng in France, [Anni regum Angli 10] sent ambassade to Rome, requiryng of the people, that the .ii. senatours, whiche before tyme were created to gouerne the citie in the name of the emperour, myght hensforth be ordeyned in the bishoppes name, and gouerne the cytie to his be∣h••ulfe, whiche was grraunted, and that dignitie geuen for the space of .v. yeres, to Stephene de Columna a car¦dinall, some write, that the byshop him selfe had certaine yeres before vsed the auctoritie of a senatour in the em∣perours name, and now required it in his owne.

T••uleros a diuine, Cinu••, Olradus, Paulo•• Perus••¦nus, lawyers, M••cheus Syluaticus, Nicolaus de Rhe∣gio, phisicions, and S Roke liued at this tyme.

About this tyme (as Fabian mencioneth) by reason of scarcitie of money, was suche plentie of vytailes and o∣ther m••rcim••nies in thys realme of Englande, that the lyke had not be•• le••n. For a quarter of wheate was sold for .ii. s. a fatte gose for .ii. d. a pigge for a penye, a fatte oxe for .vi. s. v••ii. d. a fatte shepe for .vi. d. and .viii. d. vi. pigeons a penye.

King Edward, [Anni regum Angli 11] for the expedicion of his warres against the Frenche kynge, [The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ 1337] sent ambassadours into the partyes beyonde the sea, to alye wyth him the Erle of Heynalde and others lordes, whyche obeied not the Frenche kyng Where, by meanes of Iaques Dartuel, he hadde great comfort of the Flemminges, and dyuers lords and prin¦ces of the empyre.

Kinge Edwarde sent a company of men in ships to con¦quere the towne of Gagaunt, which vanquished the Flē¦minges that were set ther, by the Erle to stoppe his pas¦sage into Fraunce.

Kyng Edwarde for more sure stablishement of amytie betwene hym and the Holanders, [The yere of the worlde 5299] [The yere of Christ 1338] Selanders, [Anni regum Angli 12] and Bra∣va••••ers, sailed to Antwerpe, wher he concluded the mat¦••••er with his aliaunces▪ and by the consent of the empe∣roure Lewis proclaymed vicare general of the empyre.

[The yere of the worlde 5300] [The yere of Christ 1359] The kinge of Englande, [Anni regum Angli 13] ouer and besyde a great army

of Englishe souldiours, hauing with him well nere the whole power of the empyre, began to entre the borders of the french kinges dominion▪ and made claime to the whole realme of Fraunce, as his rightfull inheritaunce and for more auctoritee named him selfe kinge of france and entermedled the armes of England with the armes of Fraunce, as it remayneth to this daye.

In this passe time a certayne of Frenchmen had entred the hauen of Southampton, and robbed the towne, and vpon the sea had taken .ii. great Englysh shippes, called the Edward and the Christofer.

Franciscus Petrarcha was famous in Italye, & made poete Laureat in Rome.

Diuers robbinges, bickeringes▪ and small battailes were betwene the Frenchmen, and the Flemminges y^e Henoways and other frendes of kinge Edwarde.

[Anni regum Angli 14] King Edward saylyng toward Flaunders, [The yere of the worlde 5301] me to the hauen of Sciuse, mette with the frenche kinges nauye, [The yere of Christ] where was foughten a cruell batayle, wherof the king of Englande had the victorie, and the french flete, that was in noumbre .400. sayle, was wel nere al destroyed and the souldiours, taken, slayne, and drowned, so that of .33000. there scaped not one.

Shortly after the king besieged Turney continuinge the time of whiche siege diuers outridinges, and enter∣prises were ventured by the Henoways, Almains and other his frendes, to the great hurte of bothe partes, but the more fell still to the Frenchemen. At the ende of .xi. wekes a peace was agreed vpon for the space of .xii. mo∣nethes▪ and kinge Edward retourned into Englande. In this passetime the Scottes, by steringe and ayde of the frenchemen recouered a great part of that land, and in most cruell wise vexed the englyshe garisons.

Bennet bishop of Rome▪ saying that the whole empire was fallen into his handes▪ because it was of long time voyde (for he reputed Lewys as no emperour) ordeyned rulers ouer the citee of Italye at his will and pleasure, by whom Luchinus and Iohn his brother, obt••ined the gouernance of Myllayne, Mastinus Scalaget of Ue••on and Uincentia, and other of dyuers other places at his appoinctment.

Robert Stewarde gouernour of Scotlande, and Wyl∣liā Douglas cōquered Berth, St••tueline, Edenbourgh and other holdes from the Englyshemen.

After the deth of Iohn duke of Britain, [Anni regum Angli 15] mortal warre ensued betwene Charles de Bloyes, [The yere of the worlde 5312] [The yere of Christ 1341] and Iohn earle of Mountfo••te, for the possession of that Dukedome. Iohn of Mountfort was taken and caste in prison at Parys▪ but the warre was still mainteined by his wife, a womā of valiant courage, who with the ayde of the Englysh••∣men defended her housbandes quarell vigorouslye, and with a great stomacke.

Alexander Ramsel a Scotte, inuaded the borders of Englande.

Edward Bailoll fled out of Scotlande into Englande and left all the gouernance of the realme, that he helde to the vse of kinge Edwarde.

Kinge Edwarde went towarde the Scottes, but for so muche as he was disprouided of vitayles for his armye at the request of the lordes of Scotland he made league for .iiii. monethes.

King Dauid of Scotland retourned out of Fraunce into his owne countrey.

The erle Gaul••ier of Manny, a noble & hardy knight was sent of kinge Edwarde, to ayde the countesse of Bri¦taine agaynst Charles de Bloys, where he by his man∣hode and pollicie atchieued many enterprises.

[The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ 1342] Clement the .vi. by the labour of kynge Philyppe of France, succeded Bennet in the bishoprike of Rome. [Anni regum Angli 16] He was in like maner a mortall enemy to Lewis the empe¦rour, and cōfirmed the sentences, published against him before time, and stered many princes of great power to make warre vpon him▪ but the emperour dooinge lyke for lyke, inuaded the possessions of the churche of Rome and ordeyned therein many deputees and rulers at his pleasure.

King Dauid of Scotland, with muche cruelt••e, diuers times vexed the englyshe borders, and destroyed the towne of Durham, wherfore kinge Edwarde sped hym thitherwarde in all haste, but a peace was entreated for ••i. yeres, without any notable battaile.

Kinge Edwarde sente Robert Dartoys, Erle of Rych••∣mount, with the countesse of Britaine into her countrei who wasted and destroyed those partes veray sore, and shortly after died of a wound that he receyued at the ci∣tee of Uannes. [Anni regum Angli 17] [The yere of the worlde 5304] [The yere of Christ 1343]

Clement bishop of Rome, toke vpō him to geue diuers bishoprikes and benefices, which than fel voyde in Eng¦lande, wherwith the king was greatly discontented. In so much that he sent out commissions, and streight com¦maundementes, that no man should present or induct a¦ny suche person▪ that so by the bishoppe was promoted without the agremente of the kinge, because it touched his prerogatiue.

Whan Lewys the emperour, at the instance of his no¦bles, with great humilitee made diuers meanes for en∣treatie of concorde with Clement the bishop, his outragi¦ous pride prescribed to him so shameful and vnworthye conditions, as vneth the vilest slaue in the world would haue condescended vnto, amonge the whiche were, that he should openly acknowlage his errours and dysobedy¦ence, & therwith to resigne the empire, neuer to receyue it, but at the bishops pleasure, and moreouer to yeld him selfe & his children, with al his goodes into his handes.

Kinge Edward with a strong armye sayled into Bri∣taine, and besi eged the citee of Uannes, Renes, & Naun¦tes, & toke the towne of Dynant. By meane of two car∣dinalles, peace was concluded for a certayne space.

[Anni regum Angli 18] The order of the garter, [The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ 1344] first inuēted and ordeyned by king Edwarde.

The erle of Derby was sent by king Edwarde wyth a company of englishe souldiours, to make warre in Gas¦coyne, where he wanne the towne of Bargarath, the ri∣oll, with many other townes and castelles, before Anbe∣roche the erle of Derbye, by the pollicie of Walter of Manni▪ with a thousande Englishemen, disconfited and slew .x. thousand Frenchmen, and Gascoynes, and toke prisoner the erle of Lay their chiefe capitayne, with dy∣uers other nobles, and subdued the countrey.

Iohn duke of Normandy the sonne of king Philippe [The yere of the worlde 5306] [The yere of Christ 1345] [Anni regum Angli 19] came with a great army into Gascoyne against the erle

of Derby.

Godfrey of Anicourte, was banished out of Fraunce and fled to king Edward, whom he incensed and stered to inuade Normandie.

Iaques Dar••uell, a great friende of kinge Edwarde was murdered at Gaunt in Flaunders.

G••ulter duke of Athenes, vsurped tirannie at Flor¦rence .x monethes, whom Angelus Acciolus expelled and restored them to their libertee.

[The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ 1346] The king of England, with his son prince Edwarde sayled into Normandye, and ouerrode, spoyled, [Anni regum Angli 20] and de∣stroyed the countrey before him, euen to Parys, and ga¦thered wonderful riches of Pray, whiche he sente into England. Shortly after he encountred the french kinge me to the forest of Cress••e, where he had not in his host y^e ryght man in comparison of the frenche armye, and ob¦teyned of them a noble and triumphant victorye, by the manhode of his archers. In that battell was slayne the floure of the chiualrie of Fraunce, for there fell on that part, the kinge of Boheme with ten other great princes foure score banners .1200. knights, and mo than .30000. of the common souldiours, after this victorye king Ed¦warde went toward Cales, and besieged the towne the space of a leuen monethes.

Bishop Clemēt, with most dispituous wordes, enueygh¦ed in a sermon against Lewis the emperour, & caused certaine of the electours to chose a newe emperour. While king Edward besieged Calys, Dauid of Scot∣land by exciting of the frenche kinge, warred vpon the borders of England. But the Quene assembled a strōg armie, as well of the clergye and priestes, as the other commons and nere to Durham toke in bataile the king of Scottes prisoner, with many of his greatest lordes, and erlee, and slewe one and other 15000. souldyoures. After this victorie, the Englishemen tooke the castell of Rorhurgh, subdued Anandale, Galloway, Mers, Teui¦da, Twedale and Ectrike forest.

The warre was quickened againe in Britaine, and sir Charlos of Bloys taken prisoner by the Englyshemen but the warre continued fiercely, [The yere of the worlde 5302] [The yere of Christ 1347] [Anni regum Angli 21] betwene his wife and

the forenamed Counteise of Mouuntforte.

Charles king of Boheme was chosē emperour, while Lewys was yet a liue, who not longe after dyed.

After the deathe of Robert kinge of Sicilie and Apuly∣a, his doughter Iohan toke to her husbande Andrew the sonne of Lewys kinge of Hungarye, whom not longe af¦ter she murdered, and maried Lewys Duke of Tarent.

Edwarde Bayloll, and the Erle of Northumberlande spoyled Louthiall and Cliddisdale in Scotlande.

Lewis king of Hungarye came with a strong army in to Italye, to reuenge his sonnes death, where he chased the queene Iohan, and obteined her kingdome of Apulia

Diuers of the cities of Germany, vehemētly withstode the tiranny of the Romaine byshop, toward Lewis their emperour.

Nicolas, a man of vnknowen byrthe, takynge on hym great auctoritte in the cytie of Rome, expelled the sena∣tours, and saied he woulde restore the citye to her pristy∣nate libertie. But shortly after he was taken of Charles the emperour, and sent into Fraunce to the byshop.

About this tyme the emperour solde the Duchy of Or∣liance and Delphinoys to the French kynge.

Cales was yelded vp to kinge Edwarde of Englande Lewys whan he had subdued to him the kyngdome of Apulia, [Anni regum Angli 22] retourned to Hungary. [The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ 1348]

¶ Peter the first was ordeined kinge of Spaine. He pas¦sed all his predicessours in crueltie, manslaughter, and o¦ther myschefe, he put to death all the nobylitie, and the chiefe of his affinitie and kynred.

Wylliam Douglas, the sonne of Iames Douglas, wan againe certayne landes in Scotlande, that the Englysh men had subdued.

A great and wonderfull famyne and pestylence raged throughout all the worlde. In Italye scante the .x. per∣son of an hundred was left on liue. In the city of Parys in Fraunce, dyed .50. thousande. In. S. Denys .1400. in one yere.

A treason was conspired by the capytaine of Cales to betraye it againe to the Frenchmen. The hystory wher¦of declareth wonderfully the great manhode, pollicy, ly∣beralitie,

and gentylnesse of the noble kynge Edwarde, reade Frosarde the .156. ca. &c. of his first boke.

Certaine of the electours of Germanye agreed not to the election of Charles, [The yere of the worlde 5310] [The yere of Christ 1349] [Anni regum Angli 23] and therfore profered the empire to king Edwarde of England, who refused it as a thing by reason of the bishop of Rome, full of troubled and vn∣quietnesse, than thei chose Friderich Marques of Misna whiche in lyke maner refused it.

In this yere was so great death in the citie of London that ouer and besyde the bodyes buryed in churches and churche yardes, monasteries and other accustomed pla¦ces of buriall, there were layed in the charterhouse yard 30000. persons and aboue, as writeth Fabians.

At this time in many partes of Italy France and Ger∣manie, wandred dyuers great companies of the phanta¦sticall sette of theim, whiche vsed to scourge and whippe theim selfe, pretendyng therin great holinesse and religi¦on, of the supersticion of these men ye maye reade in the cronycle of Albertus Crantz, Li. viii. ca. 28. and in the addycions iuigned to the Abbote of Ursperges cronicle.

This was the yere of Iubilei or cleane remission of sin¦nes, [The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ 1350] kept at Rome at euery fifti winters end, [Anni regum Angli 24] as the yere of Grace was continued at canturburie.

Phillyp kinge of Fraunce ended hys lyfe, whose body was buried at. S. Denis, his bowels at Iaco bins in Pa¦ris, and his herte at Bourefountaine in Ualoys.

¶Iohan the eldest son of Philyp, and Duke of Norman¦dy, was ordeined king of Fraunce.

Iohan deputie of Millaine, iuigned to his lordshyp the citie of Bonone.

Clement bishop of Rome ordeined Lewis prince of Ta¦rent king of Naples, [The yere of the worlde 5312] [The yere of Christ 1351] [Anni regum Angli] and made peace betwene the kyng of Hungary and Iohan Queene of Naples, whiche (as I sayed) murdered hir husbande. Of hir also the byshop bought the cytie of Aui••to.

This yere was so gret dearth in France, that a ceptier of wheate was woorthe .viii.li. of Parys money, and a ceptier of otes .xl. s.

Kyng Edward ouercame Charles Constable of Fran in a battaile on the sea.

The emperour of Constantinople, and the kyng of Ar¦ragon were confederate with the Uenecians. The Ge∣nowayes chased the emperour of Constantinople and o¦uercame the Uenecians and Catelanes. [Anni regum Angli 26] [The yere of the worlde 5312] [The yere of Christ 1352]

Recupetus, Lapus, Bartholus, ••awiers▪ Gentilis Ful¦ginas, Dinus de Ga••••o, Trustanus, phisions, and Da∣mascenus a philosopher were famous.

Innocente the .vi. byshop of Rome .ix. yeares .viii. mo∣nethes and .vi. dayes. [Anni regum Angli 27]

Charles kinge of Nauarre caused Charles Constable of Fraunce to be murdered in his bed. [The yere of the worlde 1314] [The yere of Christ 1350] For which thing grew great displeasure betwene him & the French king

The Genowayes beyng vanquished of the Uenecians submitted them selfe and all theyrs to the archebishop of Myllaine, whiche was than chefe gouernour of the cy∣tye. In this discomfiture the Genoways loste well nere xl. galeis.

The towne and castel of Guines was yelded to the En¦glyshemen.

Carolus Iohannes emperour of Constātinople, [The yere of the worlde 5315] after he had by force of armes expelled Catacusines whyche afficeted the empyre, [Anni regum Angli 28] [The yere of Christ 1354] by the ayd of Fances of Genoway, retourned into his coutrey, to whom in reward he gaue the ile of Lesbus.

Charles emperour of Germaine was crowned at Myl¦laine with a crowne of yron.

Prince Edward of Wales with a strong company of souldyours passed into Gascoyne, [Anni regum Angli 29] [The yere of the worlde 5316] [The yere of Christ 1355] where he made sore war, and destroied castels and townes before him, wyth great successe, and toke the castell and towne of Rh••mo∣rentide, with other.

Kynge Edwarde sayled to Cales, and began to make warre vpon Fraunce, but shortly after he retourned, be¦cause the Scottes rose and inuaded the English borders

Charles receiued the imperiall Diademe at Rome, of ••i. cardinalles, on this condicion, that he should not tary at Rome, nor in Italye.

The citisyns of Pise rebelled agaynst the emperour.

Iohn, kyng of France, toke Charles king of Nauarre with dyuers other noble men, as they were bāketing in

the castel of Roan, of the whiche, some he kept in prison, some immediatly he put to death.

About this time the Uenecians were ouercome of the Genoways by the ayde of the archebyshop of Myllaine, and lost aboue .30. galeis. At whyche tyme was reuen∣ged the great losse that the Genowais had taken at their handes not longe before.

The Duke of Lancaster, beyng confederate with Phi¦lyp, brother to kinge Charles of Nauerre, made warre in Normandy, and h••lde ther dyuers landes and castels agaynst the Frenche kinge.

Prince Edward of Wales, [Anni regum Angli 30] ny to the citie of Poicters su••gned batataile with kynge Iohn of Fraunce, [The yere of the worlde 5317] [The yere of Christ 1356] of whō the prince by his marciall pollicie, wanne a noble victo∣rye, notwithstandyng that he had in his armye but one∣ly eyght thousande souldiours one and other, and on the Frenche parte were .60000, feightinge men. In this con¦flie••e kinge Iohn was taken, with his young son Phyl∣lyp, and many of his nobles. The Englyshemen hadde twise so many prisoners of the Frenchmen, as thei were in number theim selfes, whiche is almost increadible.

A great eclips and earthquake in dyuers partes of Ger¦many, and therwith a great pestilence.

In the time that kyng Iohn was prisoner in England great sedicion, [The yere of the worlde 5318] [The yere of Christ 1357] ciuile discorde, [Anni regum Angli 31] tumulty and ruffling was in the realme of Frāce, for so much as the Duke of Nor¦mandy, the kinges eldest sonne, had much trouble with the citisins of Paris, and diuers breaches and defiances betwene hym and the kinge of Nauerre. Many compa∣nies of straungers, also ouerrode and spoyled dyuerse countreys. Ouer and bysyde al this a great noumber of the rude commons conspired against the nobles in such wyse, that they entended to haue destroyed all the nobi∣lytie, and practysed moste extreme cruelty and despitous vilany to dyuers gentilmen and their ladyes and daugh¦ters. This miserie continued .iiii. yeres.

Kyng Dauid of Scatlande was deliuered out of prison and set a libertie, after he had been a leuen yeeres priso∣ner in Englande, and promysed to bringe the crowne of Scotlande to kynge Edwardes sonne.

Egidius a cardinall, and the bishops legate or graunde capitayn of his warres in Italy, cōquered again a great parte of Italye, and all S▪ Peters patrimonie, whyche diuers noble men had inuaded, [Anni regum Angli 32] [The yere of the worlde 1319] [The yere of Christ] by the appoynctment of Lewys late emperour, and expelled theym all, sauynge certayne which did for feare submitte theim to the chur¦che of Rome, whom he suffered to remayne in their pos¦sessions.

[Anni regum Angli 33] Kynge Edward with the prince his sonne, [The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ] passed the se•• to Calis, and from thense rode through Fraunce, by Picardy, Artoys, Rhenes, Campaine, and other places euen to Britain, euer destroying the countre before him The garrisons also made warre in this behalfe in Beau¦uolin, in Picaroye, in Bry, in Campaine, and destro••ed and spoyled well nere all the countrey. Moreouer the kings of Nauarre vexed sore the marches of Normandy Thus was the realme of France miserably beset at this time on all sides.

[Anni regum Angli] A finall peace was concluded betwene the kynges of England and of Fraunce, on this condicion, [The yere of the worlde 5321] [The yere of Christ] that kinge Edwarde should haue to his propre possession the coun∣treys of Gascoyn and Guyon, Poyters, Limosin, B••le¦u••le, Exanctes, Cales, Guines, and diuers other lorship¦pes, townes, castels, and all the landes to theym belong∣yng, without knowlaging of any soueraigntee, obeisāce homage, or subiection for the same, and that the king of Fraunce shoulde pay for his raunsome .30000. scu••••s,

King Iohn retourned into Fraunce.

The Nonnes of S. Brigettes order began first.

The citye of Bononia in Italy, which belonged to the lordes of Millaine, came to the possession of the churche of Rome, by the treason of one Aulegianus, in rewarde wherof the towne of Firmium was geuen to hym.

Greuous warre betwene the citesins of Pise & Flo∣rence.

The Duchye of Burgoyne tel by heritage to king Iohn of Fraunce. [Anni regum Angli 35] [The yere of the worlde 5322] [The yere of Christ]

The warre cōtinued stil in Britaine betwene Charles de Bloys, and the countesse of Mounfort, and her sonne Iohn Erle of Mountfort.

After the peace cōcluded betwene England & France remayned diuers felowships of robbers called compani¦ons, that liued only by rauen and pillage, which wasted and robbed the countre of Fraunce in most cruel wise, and could not be expelled by any meanes, but in sundry conflictes, ouercame the lordes of Fraunce. They ver∣ed and disquieted also Italy and Germanie, and robbed in those partes verie sore.

[The yere of Christ 1362] A great death and pestilence in the realme of Englād. [Anni regum Angli 36]

[The yere of the worlde] Urbane the .v. beynge ordeyned bishop of Rome at A∣uignon, sent Aeg••dius his cardinall and legate, with a great puisance into Italy, who by his meanes incensed Lewys Gonzaza, Nicolas Estensis, Francisce Cacrari¦us agaynst Bernabas lord of Millayne, in suche wyse, that he was of them sore beaten, and in the ende so van∣quisshed and wounded in battel, that he scantly escaped the daunger. With those exaumple other being sore a∣basshed, submitted them to the church of Rome. Thus∣mekely and godly came that wicked church to her great possessions, whiche her patrones will nedes father vpon the godly emperour Constantine.

In England (as Fabian writeth) were sene castels and hostes of men in the ayer.

Melchella souldaine of Egipte.

Amuraies kinge of the Turkes, vsing the ships of the Genowayes passed Helespoute and arriued in Europe, [The yere of the worlde 5324] [The yere of Christ 1363] [Anni regum Angli 37] where he conquered the townes of Hadrianopolis, and Calliopolis, with other citees, and with a great puisāce ouerthrewe them, which encountred him at his coming A great wind in Englande, wherwith steples and tow∣ers were ouerthrowen.

King Iohn of France came into England and shorte¦ly after dyed at the Sauoy in London.

Prince Edward toke possession of the duchy of Guy∣an and Aquitane.

Charles the .vi. or after some .v. was ordeyned kynge of France. [The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ 1364] He was of witte righte sage and subtile, [Anni regum Angli 38] that well appeared all his life time. For althoughe he kepte him priuy in his chambre, taking his plesure and sport yet he conquered agayne that, which his predecessours

had lost armed in the fielde, and theyr swordes in theyr handes.

Sir Bertram of Clesquy, in the quarell of the French kinge, ••ye to Coch••r••l, vanquyshed and toke prisoner a capitayne of the king of Nauarre, called the Captall de Beuffe, and slewe a great nombre of his souldiours.

Albergothus, Balens, & Angelus lawiers, Iohannes de Lineriis, an astronomer, Iohannes Bocarius, & Heu¦ricus de Hassia were famous.

Charles de Bloys encountred with Iohn Mountfort which long before hadde striuen for the duchye of Bry∣taine, of whom he was vanquyshed, taken, and slayne, & many Frenchmen and Britaynes, which toke his parte After whiche time the erle Mounfort, had quiete posses∣sion of that Duchye.

Henry the bastard not susteyninge the iniury and cru¦ell tirannye of Peter hys brother, kinge of Spayne, by the counsayle and comfort of the Romayne bishop, and ayde of the Frenchemen and Arragones, expelled hym out of the realme, and toke on him the crowne.

Charles gaue to his brother Phylyppe the Duchy of Burgoyne.

Dampeter of Spayne fled to prince Edward of Aquy¦tayne, [Anni regum Angli 39] [The yere of the worlde 5326] [The yere of Christ 1365] to whom he made complaynt of the violēce of his brother Henry, that expelled him out of his kingdome.

There was an heretike burned in Spire, whose opini¦ons were these, that Christ in the time of his passiō was so forsaken of his father, that he doubted of his saluacy∣on: that Christ on the crosse for wonderfull tourmentes and peynes, cursed his mother that bare him, & the erth that receyued his bloud: that a man may so much profit in this life, that he nedeth not to fast and pray.

Prince Edward entred Spayne, [The yere of the worlde 5327] [The yere of Christ 1366] with a gret puisance where he ouercame the Spaniards and Frenchmen in a stronge and fierse battaile, [Anni regum Angli 40] and expelled Henry the ba¦starde, settinge Peter in his former estate as kynge of Spayne. But not lōg after the princes returning home Henry repayred his army, and warred vpon his brother so fiercely, that in the ende he vtterly vāquished him and put him to death: and then withoute resistence possessed

the kingdome of Spayne.

Uinceslaus was ordeyned the .xii. king of Boheme by his father Charles the emperour.

Witcliffe, about this time was famous in Englande, who for speaking agaynst the vsurped power of the Ro¦mayne bishop, and other enormities thā accustomed in the churche was called an heretike.

Kinge Edwarde of England gaue commaundement that Peter pence shoulde be no more gathered & payed to Rome.

[The yere of the worlde 5328] [The yere of Christ 1367] Prince Edward to arrere a fowage, set great taxes and imposicions vpon the people of Aquitaine, [Anni regum Angli 41] whyche thing the erle of Arminake, of Bret, of Berigort and o∣ther nobles would not in any wise consent vnto, but ap¦pealed to the french king for remedy, and in suche wyse perswaded him, that he, contrary to the league, summo¦ned the prince to appere at Parys, by meane wherof the peace was broken, & open warre agayne proclaymed be¦twene both princes, to the great mortalitee and desolaci¦on of the people on bothe partes, but the more losse & do∣mage fell alway to the kinge of Englande. In so mu∣che that in the ende, he lost the more parte of the landes whiche was graunted him by the composicion and agre¦ment of peace. And fortune whyche the space of .xl. yea∣res had pleasantly smiled vpon kinge Edwarde, now in his later dayes frowardly frowned & chāged her copye.

[The yere of the worlde 5329] [The yere of Christ 1368] Charles the emperoure yode toward Italy with hys wife and children. [Anni regum Angli 42] In his iorney he subdued to the em∣pire of the citees of Luke and Miniate, whych a certaine time had rebelled, & were in subiection, the one to Pise the other to Florence.

The duke of Lancastre arriued at Calys, and entred Fraunce with a company of souldiours, where not far from Arde the duke of Burgoyne lodged within a myle of his army, with a great power the space of, xviii. daies, and neuer profered battaile, but lastly stole away priuy∣lye in the nighte: and then entred the Duke further into Fraunce.

[The yere of the worlde 5330] Urbane bishop of Rome retourning into France left Iohn Haucuth an englisheman, [The yere of Christ 1369] [Anni regum Angli 43] as hys chefe capitaine

to defende the right of the churche against the rebels and other enemies, and not longe after dyed.

Phyllyp Duke of Burgoyne toke to wyfe Margaret doughter of Lewys Erle of Flaunders.

Queene Phillyp of England dyed, whiche was a wo∣man of great sanctimony and bulded the college in Ox¦ford called Quenes college,

Sir Robert knoles entred the realme of Fraunce with a stronge army, and passed euen by Parys ranged in ba¦tayle, and throughtout the countreys of France robing and spoilyng as he went without any notable bataile, at whiche viage by reason of discention that ha••ned in the Englyshe hoste, dyuers men were slaine and taken priso¦ners of their enemnes.

Sir Bertam of Clesqui, a noble and valyant knyghte, was ordeined Constable of Fraunce. He wanne againe many cities, townes, castels, and holdes in Po••cters, Li¦mosin▪ and other countreys, from the kyng of England, and restored theim to the signorye of Fraunce.

Gregorye the .xi. byshop of Rome. [The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ]

[Anni regum Angli] Kyng Dauid of Scotlande, makyng prouisiō to go on pylgremage to Ierusalem ended his lyfe.

¶Robert Stewarde succeded Dauid of Scotlande, and reigned .xix. yeres.

Charles the emperour by meanes of giftes whiche he promysed the electours obteined his soonne Uinceslaus king of Boheme, [Anni regum Angli 45] to be made Cesar, [The yere of the worlde 5332] [The yere of Christ 1371] and caused them of the empyre to sweare to hym feaultie and homage.

The Erle of Penbroke, comyng on the se to rescue the towne of Rochell, was encountred with a flote of Spa∣niardes, whiche king Henrie of Castile had sent to ayde the Frenche king. Of these Spaniardes after cruel fight the Erle was taken, with sir Guiscarde de Angle, and o∣ther to the noumbre of an .160. personnes, and the more parte of his men slayne and drowned.

Kynge Edwarde beyng sore displeased with the takyng of the Erle of Penbroke, sent hys soonne the prince into Fraunce, who by contrary wyndes was kepte on the sea the space of .xi. weekes, and than retourned agayne into Englande.

Amurates kinge of Turkes inuaded Seruia and Bul∣garia. Lazarus king of Seruia was slayne in battaile, and Amurates not long after murdered of his owne ser¦uaunte. [The yere of the worlde 5333] [The yere of Christ 1342] [Anni regum Angli 46]

Bertram of Clesqu•• Constable of Fraunce warred so fiercely vpon Iohn Erle of Mountforte, Duke of Bry∣tayne, bycause he semed to fauour the kyng of England that he was forced to forsake his landes and fly to kinge Edward▪ and that Duchy was well nere all seised to the vse of the Frenche kynge.

Iohn of Gaunte, Duke of Lancaster, entred by Cales into France, and passed throughout the reamle by Uer∣mendois and Campaine iust to Burdeaur in Aquitaine without batayle. Not withstandyng the great hurt and domage they dyd to the townes and countreys as they passed.

[The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ 1373] Pazaites the .iiii. kynge of Turkes. [Anni regum Angli 47]

The Genowayes for certaine disworship doen to them inuaded and spoyled the contrey of Cypres, and conque¦red y^e citie of Famaugusta. Thei constreigned also their king Petrine to pay vnto theim a great tribute the space of certaine yeres.

Diuers entreties of peace were made betwene the king of Englande and Fraunce▪ by meane of the byshoppe of Rome, but none was concluded. [Anni regum Angli 48]

[The yere of the worlde] A great dearth ve••ed the countrey of Italye .ii. yeres.

[The yere of Christ 1374] [The yere of the worlde] The people of Florence desirous of lybertie, [Anni regum Angli 49] gaue occa¦sion to many cyties of Italye to for sake the byshoppe of Romes domynion, [The yere of Christ 1375] wherby ensued great tumultye and warre in all the countrei. The people that fyrst rebelled were the Tybernates, the P••rusines, Tudertines, Spo¦le••āes, E••gubines, the citisyns of U••••erbium, Foroliui∣um, and Asculum.

Many wonderfull sickenesses fell amonge the people, as well in Italye as in Englande, wherof they died mer¦ua••lously.

Warre and rufflyng betwene borderers of Englande and Scotlande.

The Duke of Britaine, by the healpe of Englishemen recouered againe many castels and townes.

Gregory the .xi. contrarye to the minde of the Frenche kyng, departed out of Fraunce, and retourned to Rome 70. yeres after the byshops see was first transferred out of Iataly into Fraunce. [Anni regum Angli 50] [The yere of the worlde 5337] [The yere of Christ 1376]

Byshop Gregory excommunicated the Florētines but they lytell regarded his course, and cōs••eignedtheir pre∣stes to minister diuine seruice.

Prince Edwarde of Englande departed out of this life who was in his tyme the floure of chiualrye.

Andronicus expelled his father from the imperiall dy••gnitie of Constantinople, whom the Uenec••ans restored againe to the empyre, Whereby ensued great warre be¦twene Uenice and Genoway, for the one toke part with the father, the other with the sonne.

Kinge Edwarde the .iii. ended his life in Richemonte the .xxii. daye of Iune. [The yere of the worlde 5338] [The yere of Christ 1377]

The duke of Angeow, the constable of Frāce, Owen, of Wales, with many other of the frenche parte, made sore warre in Gascoyne, Guyan, Poyters, and Britaine and conquered agayne diuers castels, townes, & citees, subiecte before to the king of England.

Owen of Wales besieged Mortaine a yere & an halfe, & ther was slayne by the treasō of one of his seruauntes.

RYcharde the .ii. the sonne of Prynce Edwarde of Wales, was ordeined king of England, being as yet but a seuen yeres of age, [Anni regum Angli 1] in bounty and lybera¦litie, he farre passed all his progenitours, but he was o∣uer muche geuen to rest and quietnesse, and loued lyttel deedes of armes and marcyall prowes, and for that he was younge, he was most ruled by young consaile, and regarded nothynge the aduertisementes of the sage and wyse men of his realme. For the chiefe about hym were of no wysedome nor estimacion, which thing turned his land to great trouble, and of him selfe in fine to extreme myserye.

The Frenche king sent a great nauie to the sea, which entred in dyuers partes of this realme, and dyd muche harme in the places where they landed.

By the entising of the Frenchmen, the Scottes began to rebell, and a squier of theyrs called Alexander Ram∣sei,

with .xl. other, by stelth in a nighte toke the castell of Barwike, which was rescued and recouered by the Erle of Northumberlande.

Warre renewed againe betwene the kinges of Frāce and of Nauarre, [The yere of the worlde 5339] [The yere of Christ 1378] [Anni regum Angli 2] who shortly after was alied with king Rycharde of Englande.

The Spaniardes of Castile warred vpon the kinge of Nauerre, and besieged the citie Pampelon.

Charles emperour of almaine, came into Frāce, wher he beyng receiued with great honour and triumphe, esta¦blished with the kynge and his nobles perpetuall amitie and friendship.

All that the kynge of Nauerre had in Normandye be∣came Frenche sauing one castell

After Gregorye the leuenth a great schisme rose in the churche of Rome for the election of the byshop. For the cardinalles of Italy chose an Italian byshop, and named him Urbane the .vi. The cardinalles of Fraunce in the citie of Fondes electted Robert cardynal of Basyle, and named him Clement the .vii. These two blessed bishops, disalowed one the others election, and cursed eche other with most cruel censures, so that mortal warre betwene theim was arreared to the vtter disturbance of all Chri∣stendome. Germanye, Hungarye, Englande, Pannony and Italy fauored Urbane, France, Spaine, Cateloine helde with Clement, and thus beganne the schisme, whi¦che continued .39, yere. For neuer one of these holye by∣shops woulde geue ouer, lest the tone shoulde seme more meke and lowly than the other.

The Germaines vexed theim selfes with moste cruell warres.

Pazaites king of Turkes, desirous to reueng the death of his father, made fierce warre vpon the Bulgares, and vanquished their kynge Marcus in a great batayle, and subdued to his s••ignorye a great parte of Bulgarie.

The lorde Neuell of England was sent with a compa¦ny of souldiers to raise the siege before Mortaine in Po••∣ctou, and to ayde the king of Nauerre agaynst the Spa∣niardes of Castile.

[The yere of the worlde 5340] [The yere of Christ 1379] Peace betwene the Spanyardes and the Naueroyes, [Anni regum Angli 3]

shortlye theruppon died kinge Henrye Castile, and his sonne Iohn succeded in the kingdome.

Fierce and deadly warre betwene the Genowayes and Uenecians wherby al the east part of Europe was fore disquieted, & the seas was greuously vexed and troubled

The Genowayes vanquished the flote of the Ueneciās in the hauen of Pole.

Lewys king of Hungarie, by the exciting of bishoppe Urbane, led a puissant armye agaynste Iohan quene of Naples, who fauoured the partye of Clement the Anti∣pape, and had geuen to him all her right and title to the kingedomes of Naples, Apulia, Sicilye, Prouince, and other countreys, whiche he committed to the erle of An∣geow. Lewys at his first comming conquered the cite a retium, which longe time had bene vexed by the faction of the Guelphes and Gibelines. He receyued also by de∣dicion the citee of Naples.

Uinec••laus king of Boheme, by the purchasinge and labouringe of his father was ordeyned emperour of Al¦maine, He was farre vnlike his father in al princely ver¦tues. For he was cruell and outrageouslye desyroūs of pleasure, and aschewed al labour and businesse more cu¦rious of wine and delicates, than of the good orderynge and gouernance of the cōmon weale. Wherfore he was slenderly beloued of the people, & of them ones or twyse, cast in prison.

Pisanus capitaine of the Uenecians flote, toke conque¦red and spoyled two citees called Catarum and Sibini∣cum, belonging to the kinge of Hungarye.

[Anni regum Angli 4] About this tune gunnes were first in vse, [The yere of Christ 1380] whych were inuented by one of Germany. [The yere of the worlde 5341]

In Flanders through plentye and weith, grew pride and enuye, wherof not long after ensued a great rebell••ō and cruell warre betwene the commons of the towne of Gaunt and theyr erle. This sedicion and warre conty∣nued a long time, to the great disturbaunce of the com∣trey and ere it might be apesed it cost an hundred thou∣sande mens liues.

The erle of Buckingham, yongest sonne of kinge Ed∣warde the thirde passed by Cales throughout Fraunce

into Britayne, without battayle, and euer destroyed the countrey as he went, and skirmyshed with the frenche∣men.

Warre betwene the king of Castile and of Portugal.

Charles the .vi. beinge .xii. yeres of age, was ordey¦ned kinge of Fraunce, vnder the gouernaunce of his vn¦cles, the Duke of Aniou, the Duke of Berr••y, the Duke of Burgoyne. &c.

After longe and cruell warre bothe by sea and lande, [Anni regum Angli 5] peace was agreed betwene the genoways & Ueneciās. [The yere of the worlde 5342] [The yere of Christ 1381]

The erle of Cambridge sayled into Portugall, with a company of men to ayde the kinge agaynst the kinge of Castile.

By meanes of a payment that was set vpō the people of England, the commons of the land, and especially of Kent and Essex, sodenlye rebelled, and assembled toge∣ther vpon blacke heathe to the nōbre of .60000. and a∣boue, which had to their capitaynes Watte Tiler, Iack Straw, Iacke Sheaparde, Tomme Myllar, Hob Kar∣ter, and other suche noble personages. They caused mu¦che trouble and businesse in the realme, and chiefely a∣bout the citee of London, where they practised much vil¦lanie in destroying many goodly places of the nobles as the Sauoy and other, and being assembed in Smithfeld vsed them selfes very proudly and vnreuerently toward the kinge, but by the manhode and wisedome of Willy∣am Waulworth mayre of London, that rude companye was disceuered, and fled as shepe to their owne houses. Some write that these rebelles pretended cause of lyber¦tee, for that they were oppressed, and vsed as slaues by y^e nobles of the realme.

Lewis duke of Angeow (to whom▪ bishoppe Clement had geuen the kingdome of Sicilie, [The yere of the worlde 5343] [The yere of Christ 5382] Naples Puell, [Anni regum Angli 6] and Calabre) went with an army of .30000. men, into Italy agaynst hys ennemy Charles de la Payes, nephewe to the king of Hungarye, who had cast the quene Iohan in prison, and held by force muche of her landes, and tooke part wyth the Urbanistes.

The rebellious flemminges of Gaunt, after they had suffered great famine and pouerte ouercame their erle,

& chased him so narowly, that he was fayne to hide hym in the couche of a pore widowe in the towne of Bruges

Charles the younge, kinge of Fraunce perced y^e coun¦trey of Flaunders with a puissant armie, where he ••an¦quished the Gauntoys & other Flemminges in a strong battayle, and slewe of them wel nere .40000.

A wonderful great earthquake in the realme of Eng¦lād, the like wherof was neuer sene before that day nor sens,

Bishop Urbane published in England and other coū¦treys, [Anni regum Angli 7] free remission A pena & culpa to as many as wold eyther geue any thing, [The yere of the worlde 5344] [The yere of Christ 1383] or thē selfes take armes & warre agaynst the Clemētines, & in like maner had Clemente done before to his adherentes agaynste the Urbanistes, so that eyther of the partes reputed other as heretykes, and miscreantes.

Henry Spenser, bishop of Norwiche, at the comman∣dement of Urbane, passed with great power of spiritu∣all men and other into Fraunce, and so into Flanders and cōquered the countrey before hym, but by the great puissance of the frenche king, they were constreigned to retourne without great worshyp, and loste as muche as they had wonne.

Marie the king of Hungaries doughter, guyded that kingdom after her father wel nere the space of .ii. yeres

Lewys Duke of Angeow dyed in Italy, and the Fren¦chemen retourned into theyr countrey. Charles de La Payx, conquered, to his seignory y^e kingdome of naples About this time the Turkes wasted and burnt Bossina Croatia, [Anni regum Angli 8] and the farther partes of Illyria. [The yere of the worlde 5345] [The yere of Christ 1384]

The erle of Northumberlād, with certayne other bor¦derers, made a viage into Scotlande, and spoyled the countrey euen to Edenbourgh.

Kynge Richarde maryed a doughter of Uinceslaus, emperour of Almayne.

After the death of Lewys, erle of Flaunders, the hery¦tage thereof fel to the Duke of Burgoyne. [Anni regum Angli 9] [The yere of the worlde 5346] [The yere of Christ 1385]

Warre in Portugall and Castile, in Flaūders, in Pro¦uince, in Fraunce, in England, in Scotlande and in I∣taly.

Iohn surnamed Galetius, erle of Uerone, toke Ber∣nabos, lorde of Millayne his vncle, and kept him in pri¦son all the dayes of his life, se••singe to his owne vse the whole lordship and seignory of Lumbardy.

The nobles of Hungarye finding them greued, that they were gouerned by a woman, sent for Charles king of Naples, and Sicilie, and ordeyned him theyr king at the citee of Alba, who by the treason of Mary the quene and her mother Elizabeth, shortlyafter was murdered. In reuenging wherof a noble man called Iohannes Ba¦nus of Horuach, slewe the erle Palatine and one Blasy¦us, that were the doers of that myschyefe, and drowned Elizabeth the quenes mother, in y^e riuer Dunaw, kepīg Marie her daughter in prison vntill he harde of the co∣ming of her husband Sigismunde, brother to the kyng of Boheme, and emperour of Rome.

An army of Frenchemen sayled into Scotland, where thei acōpanied with the Scottes, perced the borders of Englande, and spoyled the countrey cruellye. Agaynste whom kinge Richarde sped him with so great puisance that they were glad to geue backe into Scotlande, and shortly after retourned into France wyth great diswor¦shippe. At this voyage the kyng of Englande burnte the towne of Edenbourgh, and al the countre therabout.

King Iohn of Portugall disconfited the kinge of Ca∣stile in a great battail, nere to Iuberoth. In this conflict were slayne many noble men of Frauce and other coū∣treys, that came to ayde the Castilians.

The Sarasens about this time vexed the emperour of Constantinople, & other countreys of Grece. The Tur∣kes warred in Hungarye. Where manye of them were slaine at the streycte entring into the countrey.

The k••ng of A••men••e was chased out of his countrey by the Sarasens.

[The yere of the worlde 5347] The duke of Lancastre, [Anni regum Angli] vncle to kinge Richarde of England, [The yere of Christ 1384] sailed with a cōpany of souldiers into Spaine to make claime to the realme of Castile, for so much as he had taken to wife the eldest doughter of kinge Peter that was expelled his kingdome by Henry his basterde brother. He conquered the countrei of Galice, and made

aliance with the kinge of Portugall. But by great mor∣talitie, whiche fell amonge hys people, he was fayne to dimisse his armye, and shortely after loste all that he had wonne.

The king and the lordes of France made wonderfull preparacion for the expedicion of a viage into Englande Ther was redye apparailed with great costes and char∣ges in the hauen of Sluse, and els where .1500. shyppes, with so great plentie of prouision, and all thinges neces∣sary that the lyke therof was neuer sene in Fraūce. But this vyage was stopped and broken by the meanes and counsaile of the Duke of Berrei.

Great fowages and tares were reised in France, and lykewyse in Englande, whiche was after cause of great myschiefe.

Marueilous discencion, [The yere of the worlde 5348] [The yere of Christ 1387] and trouble in Englande be∣twene the kyng and his counsaile and other nobles and prelates of the realme. [Anni regum Angli 11] The commons by the ayde and comfort of the kinges vncles & other lordes of the realm (that is the Duke of Gloucester, the Duke of Yorke, the Erle of Darbie, of Arundell, and of Nottingham) put to deth dyuers of of the kinges counsaile and chefe officers and chased the Duke of Irelande and other oute of the realme, for that thei caused the king to burdeine his peo¦ple with exactions, and coulde make no iuste accompt of the same whan they were required.

Whyle Scalager of Neron, and Frauncisce Carrary us of Padua, kepte mortall warre in Lumbardy, eche against other, Galeatius of Myllaine wanne from them bothe their cities, and adiuigned theim to his seignorye.

The Scottes inuaded the borders of Englande.

Sigismunde kynge of Hungarye .xii. yeares. He sub∣dued Bosna and Croatia.

A great breach betwene the French king and the Duke of Bretayne, bycause that he for enuy toke prysoner and raunsomed the Constable of Fraunce, by mene wherof an other viage was geuen vp that the French lordes had prepared in Englande.

The Scottes spoyled the towne of Calingfurd in Ire∣lande.

The Duke of Britaine alie•• with the Englyshmen.

The Scottes this yeere brake into the borders of Eng∣lande, robbed Cumber and Northumberlande, besieged New Castell, [The yere of the worlde 5346] [The yere of Christ 1388] [Anni regum Angli 12] and discomfited and toke prisoners the .ii. sonnes of the lorde Persie of Northumberlande.

A mariage entreated and finished betwene katharyne the Duke of Lancasters doughter, and Henry the kinge of Castiles sonne, his other daughter Philip was mari∣ed to the king of portugal, wherby the warre in Spayne was finished.

The Duke of Britaine reconciled him selfe to the Frē∣che kinge, and sware to be true vnto him.

A great iustes and feast was holden this yere in Eng¦lande. [The yere of the worlde 5350] [The yere of Christ 1389] [Anni regum Angli 13]

Pazaites kynge of Turkes besieged Constantinople .8 yeeres.

After the death of Urbane Boniface the .ix. was ordey∣ned bishop of Rome in Italy, the Antipape Clement con¦tinued still in Auinion in Fraunce.

Robert Erle of Fiffe, and the second sonne of king Ro∣bert, was made gouernour of Scotlande, because his fa¦ther was waxen olde, and not able to gouern the realme This Robert inuaded Northumberland, and spoiled the countrey.

The vniuersities of Coloyne and Erphurd, about this tyme were firste founde.

A truce betwene England, Fraunce and Scotland for iii. yeres.

The lordes of Englande and Fraunce, at the interces∣sion of the Genowaies, [The yere of the worlde 5351] [The yere of Christ 1300] [Anni regum Angli 14] made a vage into Afrike against the Sarisons, where they besyeged the cytie of Tunes, and spoyled the countrey there about, in the end a league was agreed, and the siege geuen vp, on this condicion, that the sarasens should holde them within theyr boun¦des, and absteine frō the sea costes of Italy & Fraunce. and the ylādes lying betwene Afrike and Europe. But Frosard maketh mencion of no such thinge, but sayeth that the Christians departed sodenlye from the citye of Tunes, without any league or truce making fering dy¦uers perilles and incidentes that might els haue chaun¦sed

to theim

He therto P. Aemilius continued his his historye.

In Englande it was decreed, that the auctoritie of the byshop of Rome shoulde be ended with the Occean sea, and that it shulde be lawfull hensforth, to no man, to ap∣peale to the byshop of Rome, or make suite, that any En¦glysheman shulde be cursed by his auctory, neyther that any man shulde execute such commaundemēt, though it were obteined of the byshop, on peine to lese all his good¦des and his bodye to perpetuall prison.

¶After the death of kynge Robert of Scotlande, Iohn Erle of Carreke his eldest sonne, succeded & reigned .16. yeres, whom the Scotes called Robert after hys father, because thei thought Iohn an vnluckie name in a kinge he was maymed with the stroke of an horse in his youth & therfore was vnhable for the gouernance of the realm. Wherfore duke Robert of Albanie, continued as gouer¦nour all the tyme of his reigne.

Cruell warre in Lumbardy betwene Galyatius lorde of Myllaine, and the people of Florence and Bonony,

The Erle of Armynack, comyng with a great army to ayde the Florentines, nere to the citie of Alexandrya, re∣ceiued a wounde, wherof he dyed.

[Anni regum Angli 15] Peace betwene Galiatius and the Florentines.

After the death of Clement the Antipape, [The yere of the worlde 5352] [The yere of Christ] Bennet the xiii. was chosē of the cardinalles in France▪ the schisme still continued betwene the .ii. byshops. This Clement graunted to the Frenche kynge the tenthes of the clergy

Kyng Charles of Fraunce gaue the Dukedome of Or∣liaunce to his brother Lewys.

The king of fraunce making war into Britaine, was sodeinely taken with a phrenesy.

[Anni regum Angli 16] Peter Gambacurta, lorde of Pise, and his sones, were slayne by one Appian a cōmon scribe which Appian toke on hym the gouernaunce and lordshib of that citie. [The yere of the worlde 5353] [The yere of Christ]

Sigismunde king of Hungarie, ledde an army against the people called Walachi, whyche desyred ayde of the Turkes, whom, notwithstandyng Sigismund vanqui∣shed▪ and by force toke the towne Niko••.

Gersō, & Gorrā diuines, Ancoranus a famous lawier,

Nicolaus Florentinus, and Marsilius de S. Sophia phi¦sicions, Iohannes de sacro Busto an astronomer, flou∣rished.

Kyng Rycharde of England conceiued a great displea¦sure towarde the citie of London, for a certaine outrage or riotte commited by the citisyns. For whiche cause he depriued them of their liberties, but the citye was short∣ly after restored to the kinges fauour by the ernest suyte and labour of Doctour Grauisend byshop of London, in memory wherof the maior with his brethern, resort yere¦ly .ix, principall dayes to S. Paules church.

[The yere of the worlde 5354] [The yere of Christ 1393] A truce prolonged betwene Fraunce and England for iii. yeres. This yere died queene Anne, [Anni regum Angli 17] wife to king Ry∣charde.

Iohn and Albriche, lordes of Cume, [Anni regum Angli 18] reduced all Ita∣lie into one felowship or companie of S George, [The yere of the worlde 5355] [The yere of Christ 1394] and tea¦chinge theim to beare armes in defence of theim selfe, ex¦pelled from them all foreine souldiers and straunger, as Germaines. Englishemen, Bretaines, and other, whose ayde and helpe they had vsed before tyme in defendynge their countrey.

Kynge Rycharde made a viage into Irelande, whiche was more to his charge than honour.

A great tempest of wynde in Englande.

Galias lorde of Myllayne was made a Duke by the emperour, [The yere of the worlde 5356] [The yere of Christ 1395] [Anni regum Angli 19] this Galeas fauoured the Turkes & was a lied with their kinge.

A truce for .30. yeares betwene England and France and kyng Rycharde toke to wife Isabell the daughter of Charles the Frenche kinge.

The kinge of Hungarie with ayde of the Frenchmen passed the riuer of Dunaw, [The yere of the worlde 5357] [The yere of Christ 1396] [Anni regum Angli] and ledde a great army into Bulgarye and Turky, wher by force they conquered dy¦uers townes, and besieged Nicopolis, but than Basaach or Pazaitos kynge of Turkes encountred theim wyth great puisaunce, & the by pryde of the Frenchemen, van∣quished and slewe manye Christians, and toke prisoner Iohn the sonne of the Duke of Burgoyne, wyth dyuers lordes of of Fraunce, the kyng of Hungary escaped hard¦ly in the chase.

The duke of Gloucester, king Richardes vncle, wyth the erle of Arundell and other, was put to cruell deathe for so much as they rebuked the king in certaine 〈◊〉〈◊〉 ouer liberally, [Anni regum Angli 21] [The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ 1397] and endeuoured to excyte the commōs to breake the peace made with the frenchemen, and to de∣pose the king, whom they accused of slouthfulnesse, neg¦ligence and misgouernynge of the common weale.

[Anni regum Angli 22] Henrye Bolinbroke Duke of Hereforde, and the duke of Northfolke were banyshed out of the realme. [The yere of the worlde 5359] [The yere of Christ 1398]

Kinge Richarde let the realme of Englande to serme to sir William Scrope, erle of Wilshire, and certayne other knyghtes.

Emanuel Chrisoloras brought agayne the knowlage of the Greke tongue in Italy, whiche hadde bene as it were banyshed out of that countrey the space of .v. ages

King Richarde went with an army into Irelande.

At this time reygned in Scythya a cruell, fierce, and blouddye tyrann•• named Tanberlanis, which subdued to him well nere all the east part of the worlde, and last∣ly with an vnnumerable multitude of men, inuaded the Turkes landes, with whom Pazailes theyr kinge met, and in the confines or marches of Gala••ia & Bithinia, nere the mountaine St••lla, g aue to him a sore bataile in the whiche fell on the Turkes partye .2••000. and Pa∣zai••es, the kynge him selfe was taken prisoner. After whiche tyme this Tartarian Tāberlanis, conquered al the landes betwene Tanais and Nilus, and vanquished in battaile the great souldaine of Egipte, chased hym be¦yonde Nilus, and toke also the citee Damascus▪

Mahomet kinge of Turkes, after Pazai••es, reigned xvii. yeres, and wrought muche scathe to the Christiās.

Henrye Bolinbroke, duke of H••rforde, whyche was banished into Fraunce, being sent for of the Londoners came into Englande with a small power, to whom the cōmons gathered ī so great multitude, and forsoke their prince, that not longe after at the caste••l of Flynte, they toke kinge Richarde, and helde him as prysoner in the tower of Lōdon, where he yelded vp and resigned to the sayd Henry Duke of Herforde all his power and king∣ly title to the crowne of England and Fraunce, know∣laging,

that he was worthely deposed for his demerite•• and misgouerning of the common weale.

Warre in Lumbardy betwene Galias duke of Myl¦layne and the citees of Florence and Mantua.

Boniface bishop of Rome, went to Perusia, to set agre¦ment betwene the nobles and the commons of the cytee which were fallen at variance.

A great noumbre of people in Fraunce, were vexed and dyed of the plague Ipedimic. [The yere of the worlde 5360] [The yere of Christ 5399]

A blasing sterre was sene at the same tyme wyth bea¦mes of most feruent fire.

HEnrye the .iiii. was ordeyned kynge of Englande more by force, as it appeared, [Anni regum Angli 1] than by lawful in••∣cession or election, which thing turned him to mu¦che vnquietnesse, & caused often rebellion in this realme of courage he was noble and valiant, and after the ciuil warres was appeased, shewed him selfe very gentil and louinge to his subiectes. Henrie his sonne was made prince of wales.

Galias duke of Myllayne bought the citee of Pyse of Robert the sonne of Iames Ap••••an. He receyued also by composicion and fayre promyses the citee of Perusium whiche belonged to the bishoppe of Rome, and not long after brought to his subiectiō Bononia and Luca, wher¦by his seig nory was greatly augmented.

This yere a certayne priest, arayed all in white, came out of the alpes into Italie, bringing with him a nom∣bre of men, in the same appara••le, called the white sect or felowship, which secte of white companions, Bonyface the bishop of Rome disperc••ed, and burnt the priest, that was theyr head and mayster.

Bishop Boniface, at the intercession of his people, re∣tourned to the citee of Rome, which thing he refused to dooe, vntil they had graūted to receyue a senatour or go¦uernour of their citee at his appointment, & that a stran¦ger, and none of the citee, according to the decrees of his predecessours, this senatoure wss called Malatesta, be¦yng before of the citee Pizaurie.

Mahomet the Turke murdered Orchane his brother.

[The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ 1400] Sir Iohn Hollande Duke of Exeter, [Anni regum Angli 2] brother to king

Richarde and the dukes of Amnarke and of Surrey with the erles of Salesburye and of Gloucester, & other that fauoured Richard of Burdeur, conspired agaynste king Henrie, and appoyncted priuily to murder him at a feast and iustes, whych should be holden at Oxenford or as some write at a mumming in the castel of Winsor But howe it was, theyr treason was disclosed, and they all for the same put to death, with as many knightes & squiers as were of that alyaunce and confederacy.

King Richarde was put to death in the tower of Lon∣don, and caried through the citee that men myght se him and so conueyghed to the abbey of Lāglei, & there buried

A certayne priest was burned in Smithfielde.

Uariance in Scotland, betwene the erle Douglas, and the erle of March, for which the erle of Marche fled in∣to Englande, and after wrought the Scottes much wo.

Sigismunde, kinge of Hungarye, caused to be put to death .xxxii. of the noble men of his realme, wherefore in his absence, certayne of the people sent for Ladyslaus from Naples, and made him theyr kynge, shortlye after Sigismūd recouered agayne his kingdome by strength and force of armes: but yet it was not longe ere that he was agayne taken, of the nobles of his realme, and cast in prison at the towne of Soclos, and there kept a good space, being put into the handes of a wydow whose hus¦band he had putte to death, whom he entreated with so fayre wordes and promisses, that he was sette at his ly¦bertee, and recouering agayne his kingdome, putte to death Stephen Uuayuoda.

In Englande sir Roger Clarin••on a knight, [The yere of the worlde 5362] [The yere of Christ] with his ii. seruantes, [Anni regum Angli 3] the priour of La. and .viii. gray friers were hanged at Tyburne, for making of tauntinge and scof∣fing rimes and verses agaynst the king.

King Henry went towarde Wales to quiete a rebelly¦ous sedicion, which was arrered among the Welshe¦men, by one Owen of Gleandere

Warre betwene Galias of Myllayne and the Floren∣tines.

Uinceslaus the emperour, for his cowardise and vnho∣nest life, was deposed, and Rubertus or Robertus duke

of Bauarie, aduanced to the imperial auctoritee, by the e¦lectours of Germanye. This emperour went into Italy agaynst Galiatius of Millain but he preuailed nothing

The bishoppe of Rome published a law, that, no priest shuld be admitted to a benefice, vntill he had payed the first fruytes of the same, whereby he was made lorde of the worlde.

Ladislaus the sonne of Charles, who was before kyng of Naples, was restored ag ayne to his fathers kingdom

About this time sir Henrye Persie Erle of Northum∣berlande, [The yere of the worlde 5363] [The yere of Christ] made a viage into Scotlande, [Anni regum Angli 4] in the quarel of Mumbray erle of March.

Patrike Hepburne inuading the borders of England was discomfited and many of his men slaine and taken prisoners.

Sir Thomas Percy Erle of Worcester & Hēry Per¦cye, sonne to the erle of Northumberlande rebelled and gathered a great power agaynst king Henry of Englād with whom they encountred nere to Shros••bury, but to theyr owne confusion, for in that conflict was slayne sir Henrye Spenser with diuers noble men on both partes and prince Hēry the kinges sonne wounded, with an ar∣rowe in the face, Sir Thomas Percye was taken, & af¦ter beheaded, his brother the Erle of Northumberland fled for feare into Scotlande.

Galiatius duke of Myllayne, departed out of this life and gaue to Iohn his sonne the duchye of Millayne to Philipye the lordshippe of Pauie. After his decease rose many tyrannes in Italy, which vexed that coūtrey with most cruell sedicion and warre. For the nombre of xxv. citees forsoke the dominion of the lordes of Millayne, and chose to them priuate gouernours.

Mahomet the Turke, when he had slaine his brother obteined alone the kingdome, who after the death of the Tartacian Tanberlanis, recouering again his fathers dominiō, vexed with extreme murder and slaughter the Bulgares and Walaches, & toke the citee Hadrianopo∣lis, which he made his seat royall.

[The yere of the worlde 5364] [The yere of Christ] The emperour Robert came into England only to se the countrey and commodityes therof, [Anni regum Angli 5] wher he was re∣ceiued

with great triumph.

Cambaleschia, Nepta••um and Quins••li, great cyties of Scythia vnder the dominion of the Tartarians, were first founden.

Great discencion and variance in France betwene the Dukes of Burgoyne and Orliance, [Anni regum Angli 6] [The yere of the worlde 5365] [The yere of Christ] in so much that mor¦tall warre was arrered on bothe partes, to the great dy∣sturbance and vnquietnesse of the realme.

Certaine of the Bretaines and Frēchmen, which the yere before had spoyled and robbed the towne of Plim∣mouth, were disconfited and slaine of the Englyshemen in a battaile on the sea nere the towne of Dartmouth.

Iames Stewarde, the sonne of Robert kynge of Scot¦lande, sayling into Fraunce, was taken by the Englysh men, and holden as prisoner .xviii. yeeres, as witnesseth the Scottishe historye.

[Anni regum Angli 7] Sir Rycharde Scape archbyshop of Yorke, [The yere of the worlde 5366] [The yere of Christ] and diuers other of the house of the lord Mumbray, for grudge that thei b••re towarde king Henrye, gathered to them a gret power of Scottes and Northumbers, entending to haue deposed hym from all kyngely auctoritie, but he hadde knowlege therof, & made agaynst theim in so spedy wise that he came vpō them vnwarres, and taking the said bi¦shop with his alyes, commaunded them to be headed at Yorke.

Emanuell emperour of Constantinople.

Innocent the .vii. a cruell tyran, was bishoppe of Rome after Boniface .ii. yerees. He made his nephewe Lewys Marques of Pise and prince of Firmium.

The Uenecians by force of warre wan from Francyse Carratius the cities of Uerone and Paule, and taking hym with his brother, caused theim to be put to death at Uenice.

Innocent byshop of Rome, cruelly put to death .xii. of the chiefe men of the citie, [Anni regum Angli 8] [The yere of the worlde 5367] [The yere of Christ] because the required of him in¦stauntly, to pro uyde some meanes to auede the schysme that had been long in the church, and to reforme diuers other enormitees, whiche were vsed as wel in the citie of Rome as also in the countr•••• of Italie. Which crueltie the people taking very greuously, sēt for Ladislans king

of Naples, who came to Rome with suche puisance, that he caused the byshop a nd Lewys his nephewe to forsake the citye. Than Paulus Ursines, that toke parte wyth the byshop, encountred Ladislaus in the fieldes of Nero, and hym vanquished and putte to flighte. Shortly after the pleople were reconciled to the byshop▪

Charles lord of Cremona was traiterously murdered of his subiect Cabrinus Fuludulus.

Gucecaldus lorde of Geane, made warre on the Duke of Myllaine in the quarell of the Frenche kinge.

Kinge Robert of Scotlande, for sorowe that his sonne Iames was taken prisoner, ended his lyfe, after him Ro∣bert his brother, & Duke of Albanye, gouerned the Scot¦tes a good season, the Englyshe histories referre his deth and the takynge of his sonne, to the .xiiii. yeare of kynge Henrye.

[The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ] Sir Henrye Persy Erle of Northumberlande, and the lorde Bardolph, [Anni regum Angli 9] comyng out of Scotland with a strong company, to worke displeasure to kynge Henry of Eng∣land, were encountred, van••••uished and taken by the gen¦tilmen and commons of the North, and their heades be∣yng stricken of, were sent to London,

The vniuersitie of Croconia in Polonie beganne. Gregorye, the .xii. was byshoppe of Rome, he promysed to geue vp his byshoprike, if Bennet the Antipape wold do the same. But whan Bennet fled from Auignion to Spaine▪ he called againe his promyse, and wolde not re∣signe.

The Duke of orliance was murdered at Paris by mea¦nes of the Duke of Burgoyne, who shortlye after dyed, but this grudge was so deriued also to their childrē, that the deadly hatred was styll mainteined w^t mortall ware

Salicetus, a fauous lawier, and Chrysoloras, whiche restored the Greke tounge, at this tyme flourished.

A frost in Englande continued .xv. weekes. [Anni regum Angli 10]

[The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ] Edmunde Hollande, admyrall of Englande, scoured the seas, and wanne the castel Briake in Britaine, wher he receiued his deathes wounde.

[The yere of the worlde] In England was helde a great iustes betwene the He¦noways and Englishemen, [The yere of Christ] [Anni regum Angli 11] in the which were many sea¦the

of armes doen to the honour and aduancemēt of the Englyshmen.

A tayler was bourned in London for opinions concer¦nyng the sacrament of the aulter. [Anni regum Angli 21] [The yere of the worlde 5371] [The yere of Christ]

The com••ons of Englande presented a byll to kynge Henry, desyryng him to take the tempera••l landes from the spirituall mens handes, the effect of whiche byll was this, y^t the temperali••••es d•• or••ina••ly wasted by mea•••• of the churche, myght suffice to finde to the king .xv. 〈◊〉〈◊〉 xv. hundred k••••ghtes .620••. ••qu••ers, and an hundred houses of almes to the rel••efe of poore people, and ••••er all this .xx.M. poundes yereely to the kinges eschequer, Prouided that euery Erle shulde haue of yerely ••ect. iii.M. markes euery knighte an hundred marke, and .iiii. plow lande, euery squier .xl. marke with two plow land, and e••ery house of almes an .C. marke w^t ouer sighte of ii. true secular men vnto euery house, to this bill none an¦swe••re was made.

R••se ap Dee of Wales, whiche hadde longe rebelled a∣gainst the kinge, was put to death at London.

The vniuersitie of Paris was at this tyme of so great power and actoritie in Fraunce, that euery noble man was glad to haue their fauour.

A coū••aile holden at the citie of Pize, where both Gre∣gorye and B••nn••t were deposed, and ••lexander the .v. chosen byshop of Rome, Gregory and Bennet, that de∣posicion no••withstanding, ••el••e styll the title of the ••apa¦lyti••, and so were there three byshops vntyl the counsaile of Constance.

The Hungaryans vered sore the citie of Rome in the quarell of the kyng of Naples.

Ale••ander in 〈◊〉〈◊〉 coun••••ile of ••ise, depriued Ladislaus of the kingdome of 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of Naples, publyshinge that it belonged to ••ewes Duke of Ang••ow, who styll wrat him selfe king of Sicilie.

The Florent••nes boughte the citie Crotona of Ladis∣laus.

[Anni regum Angli 31] This yeere vpon the .xii. daye of October, the ryuer of Thamis flowed three tymes. [The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ]

In Scotlande was great discencion and ciuile warre

betwene Donalde of the ••les, and Robert the gouernour for the Erldome of Ros.

King Henry sent a cōpany of souldiours ••nto France, to ayde the Duke of O••••••••nce against 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Duke of Bur∣goyne.

Iohn the .xxvi. byshop of Rome .iiii. yeres. ••. monethes He wyl••ed the electours to chose Sigismunde kynge of Hungary, to be emperour.

Iohn the byshop taried at B••no••ia, Gregory at Armi¦n••••m, Benet in Spaine.

The cytie of Poule was vexed wyth the sedycion of the Guelphes and Gibelines.

The vniuersitie of S. Andrewes beganne in Scotland

Iohn the young Duke of Myllayne was murderer of his owne people.

¶Sigismonde sonne of the .iiii. Charles, kinge of Bo∣heme of Hungarye, was ordeyned emperoure, and rey∣gned .27. yeres. He was a prudent, wittye, learned and noble prince, in person and countenance of such maiestie as was comly and mete onely in a gret monarke and ru¦ler of the world, but in warre and deedes of armes vnfor¦tunate, for he was oftentimes ouerthrowē and chased of the Turkes and other enemyes.

Ladyslaus kynge of Naples, conquered the cytie of Rome. [The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ 1413]

HEnry the .v. was crowned king of Englande, [Anni regum Angli 1] and reygned .x yeeres, he was a prince of greate noble••nesse and prowes, of statute & personage raule and sklender, of nature gentili and liberal▪ in de••es of armes expert and cunning, wherby he conquered manfully his enemyes, and brought France to his subiection. Before the deathe of his father, he applied and gaue hym selfe to all vice and insolencie of life, and drew vnto him riotous and wildly disposed persons, but whan he was admitted to the rule of the lande, sodeinely he became a new man and tourned all that rage of wildnesse into sober & wyse behauiour, and vice into vertue. And that he mighte not be againe corrupted, he charged all his olde companions that vpon peine of their li••es, none of theim shuld come within .x. m••les of the place that he was lodged in.

By procurement of the emperour Sigismund a great counsayle was holden at Constance for the vnion of the churche, whyche contynued the space of .iiii. yeeres, to what profyte of the churche let hym iudge that hath dy∣ligently re••de the histories of that tyme, [Anni regum Angli 2] [The yere of the worlde 5375] [The yere of Christ] with the actes of the counsayle, and wel considered, what therof ensued In this counsayle were the t••re b••shops deposed, the do∣ctrine of Wick••••effe condēned, and M. Iohn Husse with Hieronomus of Prage a••i••dged to be burned for prea∣ching agaynst the byshop of Romes vsurped power.

Iohan the sister of Ladislaus, a woman of notable lightnesse and 〈◊〉〈◊〉, succeded her brother in the kingdome of Naples.

Kyng Henr•• of Englande sent an ambassad•• to Char¦les the frenche kynge, makinge cl••yme to the realme of Fraunce, to whom aunswere was made with great ges¦ting and scoffing.

In Englande, for so muche as sir Ole••stell knyghte was a••peched of heresy and flew the lande, [Anni regum Angli 3] [The yere of the worlde 5376] [The yere of Christ 1413] many of hys adherentes e••tending a co••••ocion assembled them in great noumbre. Wherof the kyng being enfourmed by strength toke manye of theim. Of whiche noumbre .38. were after for the same hanged and brent in Thickettes fielde beside. S. Giles at London

Iohn Husse was burned for preaching agaynst the by∣shop of Rome. It is written that a lytle before his death he sayed in this wise. The monye of Husse hath this in∣scription on the one parte. whan a hundred yeres be come and gone, ye shall aunswere to god and to me. And in lykewyse. In the yeare 〈◊〉〈◊〉 lorde .1415, Iohn Husse was condempned. In the other part ye read, beleue that there is onelye one catholike churche.

Ammurates the sonne of Mahometes king of Turkes 34. yeres.

Iohn the .••i. king of Spayne or Castile .50. yeres.

While king Henry was shippinge of his people into Fraunce, [Anni regum Angli 4] si•• ••••charde Erle of ••ambridge, [The yere of the worlde 5377] [The yere of Christ] sir 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Scrope 〈◊〉〈◊〉 o•• Englande, and sir Thomas Gray knight were 〈◊〉〈◊〉 for treason, and so strayetlye 〈◊〉〈◊〉, that it was con••••ssed, y^t they were purposed to haue

sla••ne the kinge, by the corrupting of the Frenchemen, wherefore they were all three adiudged to dye there pre∣sently.

K••nge Henrie, whan he had taken the towne of 〈…〉〈…〉 in Normandye, was compassed and enclosed with a wonderful great host of fren••hmen, in the which 〈…〉〈…〉 .••l. thousande fightinge men, at whiche 〈◊〉〈◊〉 not withstanding that he had with him not passinge .13 00. f••o••em••n, and .ii. thousand speares, of which man•• 〈…〉〈…〉 and d••se••sed, by the grace of god and a noble polly∣•• by him inuented, he discomfited his enemyes & slew of theim to the nombre of .10000. and toke prisoners w••l nere as many. His pollicie was, that ••uerye be 〈◊〉〈◊〉 shoulde prepare him a sharpe picked stake, and at the en∣countring of ehe horsemen to pitche the sa••e before him and sodeynly to retyre backe, shooting wholye together with great violence, by whiche meanes a great nombre was distressed, and the whole host discomfited. Thys is called the battaile of Ag••ncourte.

Antonius de Butrio, a lawier, Ualescus and Monteger rana, phisic••ons, ••eonardus Are••••nus and Pogius ler∣ned men flourished,

Hieronomus of Prage was condemned by the counsail of Constantine, and burned. Of the great learninge elo∣quence, and honest life of this man, with the hole storye of his death, read in the epistle of Pogius written to one Nicolas.

In Boheme after the burninge of Husse and Ierome, was a great tumulty, sedicion and ciuile warre. For the common people, which fa••••ured Husse, gathered toge∣ther in great noumbre, and by the rashenesse of their lea¦ders, exercised many cruell dedes. This sedicion encrea¦sed muche by the ••s••••mmate negligēce and cowardise of their king Uenceslaus.

W••ā 〈◊〉〈◊〉 th•• .v. was chosen bishop of Rome, [Anni regum Angli 5] by the agr••e••ente of the counsaile, [The yere of the worlde 1378] [The yere of Christ 1407] and the other .iii. depo∣sed the emperour Sigismunde made mencion of the re¦formacion & amendement of maners, as wel of y^e clergy as of the laytee, that by negligence and ouer much licece were greatly corrupted but it pleased the bishoppe to de∣ferre

that matter to an other time, and departed toward Rome contrary to the emperours will and pleasure. The emperour Sigismunde came in to England to en¦treate a m••an••s of peace betwene the king of England and Fraunce, but all was in vayne. For in the end no peace could be agreed vpon.

Kinge Henr•• made an other vyage into Normandye wh•••• he wan the castel of Towike, the townes of Can••l Louers, Falois, Newlin, Cherburgh, Arg••nti••••, •• Ba¦oua, with diuers other stronge castels, holdes, abbayes, and pi••es, and lastly besieged the citee of Roan.

[Anni regum Angli 6] Philipe the sonne of ••alias, [The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ 1418] by force of armes made claime to his fathers Dukedome of Millayne, and wan diuers citees from the new tyrannes,

Brachius a noble man of Italy, conquered frō the bi∣shop of Rome well nere al S ••e••••rs patrimo••••. Debate and var••ance in Fraunce betwene the dolphin and the Duke of Burgoyne, whiche turned the realm to great misery. At the same time, one Iohn Uilla••s by the procurement of the duke of Burgoyne (as the common fame went) entred by night into the citee of Paris with a company of men, and went where the kinge was and gat••e the rule of his person, and after murdered within the citee theim that they knewe to beare any rule, to the nombre of .iii. thousande.

Iohn Duke of Burgoyne, [The yere of the worlde 5380] [The yere of Christ 1419] which was the occasioner of the duke of Orliance death, [Anni regum Angli 7] was slayne in presence of the Dolphine.

Kinge Henrye of Englande, after that with great no∣blenesse and manhode he hadde continued his warre in Fraunce, conquered Roan, subdued al Normandy, and by composicion, with the lordes was proclaymed regent of Fraunce. for terme of the lyfe of Charles being than kynge, and after his decease the crowne of Fraūce with all rightes belonging to the same, to remayne to kynge Henry and to his heyres. For confirmacion wher of he toke to wife Katherine the daughter of Charles. By this treaty it was also agreed, that kinge Henrye with the Duke of Burgoyne, & al the power of France shuld pursue the Dolphin, as an enemy of the realme, because

he endeuoured to let the peace as muche as layt in' hym

Sigismund the emperour succeded his brother Winces¦laus in the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of Boheme.

There was in Boheme a newe sect of phantastical peo¦ple, called 〈◊〉〈◊〉, which went altogether naked and vsed theyr 〈…〉〈…〉 sayinge that they were only free, and all other bonde, whyche company of here¦tikes (for crueltye that they vsed) was supressed by Zis∣che, chiefe capitaine of them which pretended to fauoure Husse, whiche than was of great power, and his adhe∣rentes, were named Thahori••es a newe citee that they had buylded.

[The yere of Christ 1420] Amurates kinge of Turkes, [Anni regum Angli 8] in ma••l••••••sse and pro∣wes farre passed all his predecessours, [The yere of the worlde] but he was cruel and most gr••••••usly vexed the christ••ans, his 〈…〉〈…〉 he made agaynst the kinge of Seruia, from whom after long siege he wanne Scopia and Fewmoun••, and toke in battaile twyo of his sonnes, whom he berefte of theyr syght, but after he toke theyr sister in mariage and resto¦red Newmount. Then he inuaded the Ulaches, Hunga¦rians, and Almaynes, and after tourned into Epyre, and cōquered Croia. Finally he prouoked agaynst him the power of the Ueneciās, by taking from them. Thes¦salonica.

Sigismunde toke on him the crowne of Boheme.

Iohn Zischa capitaine of the Thaborites, brought vn¦der his subiection wel nere al Boheme, and at diuers ••n countres discomfited Sigismunde the emperoure, in so much that he was fayne to entreat Zyscha, priuely to f••¦uour his pa••t, and make the Bohemes acknowla••e him for theyr kynge.

Philip duke of Millaine, with great successe subdued and conquered all his fathers heritage of Lumbardye, and toke the citee of Geane.

Katherine the daughter of king Charles of Fraunce [The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ 1421] was crowned quene of England with great solemnitee [Anni regum Angli 9]

The Duke of Clarence king Henries brother of En∣gland, was ouerset by the Dolphin of France and slaine to the kinges great displeasure.

Mordo Stewarde, sonne to 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Roberte was made

gouernour of Scotland after his fathers deth.

Martine the byshop ca••e to Rome, and was r••ceiued with wonde••rfull io••e of the people & nobles of the ••y••ie.

King Henr•• went againe into France, and made war vpon the Dol••hine.

The riuer Tiber ouerflowed the citie of Rome & th•••• about. [Anni regum Angli 10] [The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ]

Great trouble and warre in the kyngdome of Naples, by the vnconstancie of Iohan the quene, whiche toke by ••doycion for heire Alphons king of Arragon.

Lewys Erle of Ange•••••• was pronounced king of Sici¦lye, & Naples by the byshop of Rome▪ to whiche, apoint¦ment agreed Iohan the quene, & refused Alphons, whom before the had chosen heyre.

Kynge Henry departyng out of this lyfe in France, or¦deined his brother Hūfr••ai Duke of Glocester to be pro∣tectour of England, and the Dukes of Bedforde and of Burgoine to be regentes of the realme of Fraunce.

Ammurates emperour of Turkes, after gret cōquestes and victories, made hym selfe a monke of the religion of Mahomet.

Charles the .vi. kinge of Fraunce ended his lyfe why¦che had ben vexed with a phrenesie the space of .xxxii. ye∣res, to the great discouragyng and incommoditie of the realme, by reason of whose death the realm and crowne of Fraunce by right of composicion fel to the yong king Henrye of Englande.

HEnrye the .vi. was proclaymed king of Englande beyng yet an infāt of eight monethes of age, [Anni regum Angli 1] [The yere of the worlde 1384] [The yere of Christ] wher¦fore continuyng the tyme of his youth he was com¦mitted to the tuicion & gouernaunce of the noble Duke Hamfrel of Glouster his vncle, whan he came to mans state, he was of wytte and nature simple, gentill & meke and loued better peace than warre, quietnesse of mynde, than busynesse of the worlde, honeste, than profite, reste and ease, than trouble and care, all trouble, vexacion, vn¦quietnes, & iniuries y^t euer hapned to him (whiche were many and great he suffered so paciently, that, he reputed theim to be worthely sent to him of god for hys offences He fauoured good letters excellently well, in token wher¦of,

he erected .ii. famous colleges, the one at Cambridge, called kynges colled ge, the other at Ac••on, by meanes wherof good learninge greatly encreased.

A priest was burned in London for heresie, called Wil¦liam Tailour.

A generall counsaile at Pauie in Italy.

Phillip of Myllaine conquered Gean, and made warre on the Florentines.

[The yere of the worlde 5385] [The yere of Christ 1424] The Duke of Bedforde regent of Fraunce, warred so fiercely vpon the Dolphine, [Anni regum Angli 2] that he wane from him ma¦ny strōg holdes and townes, and nere to a towne called U••rnoyle discomfited his whole power, to the great losse of his enemyes. For in the fyght were slaine the Erles of Turon and Brucam, with the Uicount of Narbon, and diuers other men of name, & of the commōs were slaine v. thousande, or after the Englysh cronicles .x. thousand Whiche aduenture Pollidore affirmeth to haue chansed in the yere folowyng.

Iames the kinge of Scottes sonne, was delyuered out of Englande, and at Stone was crowned ki ng of Scot∣lande. He was a vertuous and good prince, g••iuen more to the ministryng of iustice thā the troubles of warre, he was him selfe well lerned and fauoured al learned men.

Sir Iohn Mortimer hanged and drawen for treason.

[The yere of the worlde 5386] Brachias the tyranne of Iataly, whiche of longe tyme had disquieted the countrey, [The yere of Christ 1425] [Anni regum Angli 3] was vanquished and slaine of the byshops souldiours.

The Duke of Britaine forsoke the Englishemen, and alied him with the Dolphine.

The Prince of Portugall came into Englande.

[The yere of the worlde 5387] [The yere of Christ 1426] Grudge & varyance betwene the Duke of Gloucester protectour of England, [Anni regum Angli 4] and his halfe brother the byshop of Winchester, whyche was apeased by the regente of Fraunce.

Iames Stewarde, the .iii. sonne of Duke Mordo rebel∣lyng against kinge Iames in Scotlande, was chased in to Irelande.

The Uenecians & Florentines were confederate and made sharpe & fierce warre vpon the Duke of Myllaine Carmignola, [The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ 1427] [Anni regum Angli 5] by whose māhode and pollicy Phillip of

Millaine had recouered and augemented his heritage, for¦so••e him▪ and went to the Uenecians.

In England was verye vnseasonable weatheryng, for it r••igned most parte cōtinually from Easter to Mychel¦mas, wherby hey and corne were greatly huyd••••••d.

The Englyshemen besi••ged the cytie of Orleance, con¦tinuyng the time of which siege, the noble and valyante knighte sir Thomas Mountague was slaine by a great mysfortune, whose death was the beg••nnynge of al mise¦rye to the Englyshmen. For after this mishoppe thei lost by little and litell al their possession in Fraunce.

Alexander, lorde of the ••les, and shortly after Donalde his brother, rose with a gret power against king Iames of Scotlande.

In these daies was in Fraunce a young woman about xx. yeere of age, [Anni regum Angli 6] [The yere of the worlde 5389] [The yere of Christ 1428] whiche by sorcerie and diuilyshe wayes was in great estimacion with the Dolphine, saiyng that she was a messāger sēt of god to reconquire for him his heritage from the Englyshmen. This woman was ar∣med and rode in mans apparayle in war farre the space of .ii. yeeres▪ and dyd many wonderfull feates, and gatte from the Englyshmen many townes and holdes.

Certaine theues and Robbers caused ••••fflyng and bu∣sinesse in Scotlande.

Warre beganne betwene Luca and Florence in Italy

[Anni regum Angli 7] Charles the Dolphine was crowned king of Fraunce by his alies and confederates. [The yere of the worlde 5390] [The yere of Christ]

Paulus Guinisius lorde of Luke in Italy, was taken by the treason of his people, and geuen into the handes of the Duke of Myllaine, by whom he and his childrē were kept in prison.

The warre continued betwene the people of Boheme and the emperour.

The bishop of Winchester, beyng ord••ined cardinale of Martine byshop of Rome, ledde an army against the Bo¦hemes.

Kinge Henry, the .vi. beyng about the age of .viii. yeres was crowned at Westminster.

[Anni regum Angli 8] One apreached of heresie was burnt in smithfield, and not longe after an other at Towerhill, [The yere of the worlde 5391] [The yere of Christ] called Rycharde

Hunden.

Iohan the holy woman of Fraunce, in whom the Dol¦phine had putte all his truste, was taken by one sir Iohn Luxenburge, and adiudged to be brent.

At Abyngton beganne insurrection of certaine lyghte and vnrulie persons, that entended to haue wrought mu¦ch•• sorow so the priestes, which commocion was quieted by the lord protectour, and the thiefe aucthour punished

Henry the .vi. was crowned king of Fraunce at Paris

[The yere of the worlde 5362] [The yere of Christ 1431] Philyp Duke of Myllayne was vanquyshed in a bat∣ta••le by the Uenecians and Florentines, [Anni regum Angli 9] in the hauen of Geane, after whiche tyme cruell and fierce warre was contynued betwene theym, to the greuous losse and do∣mage of bothe partes.

Warre was reysed against the kinge of Hungarye by seruauntes and slaues.

Eugenius. the .iiii. a man vtterly vnlearned, veyng or¦deined byshop of Rome, demened him selfe so nicely, that crueltie de bate and variance hapned betwene him & the familie of the noble mē called Columni, in so much that in the cytie was foughten a sore battaile, wherin manye men were slaine and hurte.

Thomas Bargl•••• pryest, was accused of heresie, and burned.

At Top••rium, a towne nere to Pis••. the Myllan••ur••s were vanquished taken and slaine of the Florentines. [The yere of the worlde 5393] [The yere of Christ 1432] [Anni regum Angli]

The Emperour came into Italye.

Iohan Queene of Naples ended her life.

Kynge Henry retourned out of Fraunce, and was re∣ceiued at London with great preparacion of sightes and pageantes,

The Erle of Huntington was sent with a company of sonlotous into Fraunce, [Anni regum Angli 11] wh••re he atchiued many great feat••s of arm••s. [The yere of the worlde 5364] [The yere of Christ]

Sigimunde the emperour was crowned with the im∣periall Diademe of Eug••••us the byshop of Rome,

Peace betwene Philyp of Myllaine & the Uenteyans.

Duke Philiyp of Myllayne tourned his whole power and strēgth against Eugenius the Romaine bishop, in so muche that the byshop by his meanes was vexed with of

cruell warre, bothe at home of his citesins, that he was expelled out of Rome, & also of forayne enemyes, that al the lande belonging to the churche of Rome was at the handes of his ennemies.

In Naples, after the decease of Iohan the old quene some of the nobilitee sent for Renatus the brother of Le¦wys duke of Angeow lately deceased whome Iohan by her last will and testament had left for her heyre willing to chuse him for theyr king and gouernour. But diuers other sent for Alphons king of Arragone beinge asthan in Sicilie, willing him by force ofarmes to reioyce the kingdome of Naples to his posteritee. By whych menes cruell warre was arrered betwene the parties whyche contynued a longe season.

The lord Talbote, with a goodly company, [The yere of the worlde 5395] [The yere of Christ 1434] sailed into Fraunce, [Anni regum Angli 12] where he wrought much wo to the frenchmē. but that notwithstandinge they wan alwayes vpon the Englyshemen both in Fraunce and in Normandye.

Iohannes Paleologus emperour of Constantinople.

The Genoways in a battaile on the sea nere to ••a••e••a vanquished and toke Alphons kinge of Arragone, and his brother the king of Nauar, with diuers other noble men, whom they sent to the lord Philippe of Myllayne as prisoners who, immediatly let them at libertee wyth out fine or raūsome, wherwith the genowayes findinge them selfe sore greued, forsoke the empyre and dominiō of Philip and claymed their auncient libertees.

Iohannes Uitellescus. Patriarke of Alexandria, and chiefe leader of the bishoppe of Romes army conquered the citee of Rome, and all the landes belonging to the church, by the ayde and helpe of a capitayne called ••••o∣ria, throughe whose prowes and successe in warre the bi¦shop Eugenius became very ha••t and proud.

A great counsayle holden at Arras in Picardy for en∣treaty of peace betwene England and France but their mindes were so obstinately set on warre, [Anni regum Angli 13] [The yere of the worlde 5396] [The yere of Christ 1438] that nothynge might content them.

The duke of Burg oyne, which to this time had m••yn∣teyned the english party, through great giftes 〈◊〉〈◊〉 him with Charles kinge of Fraunce, and became biter ene∣mie

to the kinge of Englande, soone after died the noble prynce Iohn Duke of Bedforde, after whose deathe all thinges went backward with the Englishmē in Frāce.

At this time was kept the counsaile of Basile without any profite to the church and to the great trouble and dis¦quietnesse of the same. For there was a long season hor∣rible co••t••ncion amonge the prelates and bishops there assembled, whether the auctorite of the Romaine bishop were of more power than a general counsaile or not. In so much that of diuers learned bishops and other it was concluded, that the bishop of Rome was an heretike and by theyr censures was deposed because he woulde not o∣bey the auctoritee of the generall counsayle. Eugenius the bishop perceyued that the counsaile entended diuers thynges contrary to his prerogatiue, endeuoured by all meanes possible to delay the same counsayle, or to trans∣ferre it to some other place, where more fauour shuld be shewed him, as at Bononia, Ferr••ria, Florētia or other where, but by the aduertisement of the emperour he grā¦ted it to procede at Basile, but there present he wold not be for any thynge.

[The yere of the worlde 5397] [The yere of Christ 1436] Charles of France recouered by treason the citee of Pa¦ris, [Anni regum Angli 14] and wanne by force the towne of Harflew and of S. Denis, expellinge and murderinge the Englishemen in great nombre.

Lewys the Dolphine, sonne of Charles tooke to wyfe Margaret the doughter of the kinge of Scottes.

The duke of Burgoyne besieged the towne of Cales. but when he hard of the comming of the duke of Glouce∣ster protector of England he fled in al hast, leuing much of his ordinaunce behind him, to his great dishonor whō the duke of Gloucester pursued a .xi. dayes bournynge & destroying the countrey as he wēt euen to S. Omers

The sectes of the Bohemes called Orphanes and Tha¦bor••tes, were vanquyshed in battaile by the barones and noble men of the countrey, & after the discomfiture ma∣ny thousandes of them burnt and destroyed with fire in the common barnes, into the whiche they were gotten and inclosed by a trayne and deceyt inuented by the no∣bles▪ After which time the countrey of Boheme became

subiect to the emperour, & acknowlaginge him for theyr king, 〈◊〉〈◊〉 continued al his life tyme.

The kinge of Scottes was trayterously slaine of his owne men, [Anni regum Angli 15] [The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ] which were after taken and put to most pein¦ful death.

All the Lions died in the tower of London, which had liued there a long time.

Sigismunde the emperour departed out of this life.

Albert duke of Austrich, kynge of Boheme and Hun∣gary was made emperour. He was a religious and de¦uout prince, for his liberalitie, iustice, and manl••nesse in armes greatly renowmed. He subdued the Bohemes, brought in subiection the people of Morauia, and Mar∣macia, and prepared a great power agaynst the turke.

About this time the turkes being vanquyshed and o∣uerthrowen in a great battaile by the Hungarians desi¦red a truce for .x, yeres.

The cardinal of the holy crosse, by the appoyn••tmente of Eugenius bishop of Rome, beganne the counsaile of Ferraria, to the whiche came Iohn Paleologus empe∣rour of Constantinople, with the patriarke and diuers other noble men of Grece, to the entent to treat a vnitee betwene the Latines and the Grekes whiche was there concluded, and one churche made of them both.

The warre was renued betwene Philip of Millayne and the Uenecians to the great murder and desolaciō of both partes.

Eugenius, by the auctoritee of the coūsaile of Basyle was deposed, and Amodius duke of Sauoy in Fraunce chosen in his place, but Eugenius notwithstandynge continued still as bishop and would not resigne.

[Anni regum Angli 6] U••lla which restored againe the puritee of the Latyne tongue▪ Trapezuntius, Blondus, [The yere of the worlde 1499] [The yere of Christ] Iohannes de••mmola a lawier, Guanerius and Hugo Senensis phisityōs Ga¦zulus, Rhagusinus, and Iohannes Gnaundensis astro∣nomers flourished.

About this time were sene in Italy .ii. great swarmes of Pissemers coming out of a peare tre, which fought so fiercely eche with other, that many were slaine on bothe partes, and not long before in France a flock of crowes

and another of Gossehaukes, met in the ayre, & foughte so longe, that the bloudde and feathers appered after in great plenty.

Zensa, king of Persie, he was a famous philosopher The counsa••le of Ferra••e by reason of a great pestylēce was transferred to Florence, [The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ 1439] [Anni regum Angli 17] where the christians at Ar¦menie, and Indie consented to the Romaine church, and the Greekes agreed, that the holy ghost proceded frō the father and the sonne, that there was a purgatorye, that the sacrament ought to be celebrated onely with vnlea∣uen bread made of wheate, and that the bishop of Rome was Peters lawfull successour, and christes glorius vi∣car in earth, to whom all the world oughte to obey, whi¦che they neuer consented to before this time, neyther at this time did long continue in that belyefe.

So great a dearth in England and Fraunce that the poore people made theim bread of fetches, pesin, beanes and fearne rootes.

Nicolaus Pice••nius, capitaine of the Myllanours, be¦sieged Briria, and by treason toke the citee Uerona, whi¦che Frauncisce Sfortia, leader of the Ueneci••ns armie. within .iiii. dayes recouered and brought in subiection.

Friderike the .iii Duke of Austrich after the deathe of Alberte, [The yere of the worlde 5401] [The yere of Christ 1440] was ordeyned emperour of Rome, [Anni regum Angli 18] and reigned 15, yeres.

The warre continued betwene Englād and Fraunce and diuers townes and castels were wonne on both par¦tes, which were eftsoones recouered, but the more losse tourned ••uer to the englyshemen.

A priest was bourned in London, which of the common people was counted so holy a man, that they made theyr prayers to him, and had him in wonderfull great reue∣rence, vntil a commaundement was geuen by the king to the contrary.

Albert kinge of Hungarie, departing out of thys lyfe, lette his wife Elizabeth great with childe, whiche shorte¦ly after was delyuered of a son called Ladislaus, whom immediatly she and certayne other proclaymed king of Hungary and Boheme, and commited him to the tuici∣on of Friderich the emperour. But diuers of the nobles

chose for their kinges Uladislaus the kynges brother of Polonie, by whiche meanes was deadly warre betwene the queene Elysabeth and the Polonians, for the crown of Hungary, and the realme of Hūgary diuided among theim selfe.

The Bohemes also profered their kyngdome to Albert Duke of Bauarye, whiche refused it with great modesty

In England Dame Elenour Cobham, wife to the lord proctour, [Anni regum Angli 91] and certaine other persons, were accused, [The yere of the worlde 5402] [The yere of Christ 1441] that by sorcery and inchantmentes practised by an image of waxe, they endeuoured to bring out of lyfe by littell and littell the kynges person.

In this yeere (after some) Amadeus Duke of Sauoye was chosen b••shop of Rome for Eugenius.

[Anni regum Angli 20] The towne of Depe was besieged by the lord Talbote, [The yere of the worlde 5403] [The yere of Christ 1442] and rescued againe by the Frenchemen.

Peace was concluded betwene Myllayne and Uenice after the warre had continued fiercely the space of .iii ye¦res, Sfortia the Uenecians capitain toke to wife Blanch Duke Phillips daughter of Myllaine, and hadde for hir dower Cremona and Pontremulin.

[Anni regum Angli 21] The steple of S. Paules churche in London was sette on fyre with lightning, [The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ] and lastly quenched by great di∣ligence and labour of many men.

Alphons, king of Arragon, after longe warre, conque∣red the citie of Naples, and expellyng Rhenatus Duke of Angeow, obteined the kyngdome of Puell.

Eugenius the byshop retourned from the counsalle of Florence of Rome.

The Swizers vanquished the Thuricenses in battaile and vsed towarde them so extreme rage and crueltie, that in the same place, wher they obteyned the vyctory, great bankettes and seastes were by theim made, in the which they vsed the dead corses of the aduersarys in stede of sto¦les and tables, yea and more ouer opening their bodies dranke their bloud, & tore their hartes with their teeth.

The counsaile of Laterane was indicted.

Lewys Patriarke of Aqu••leia, [The yere of the worlde 5405] [The yere of Christ 1444] began first to kepe dog¦ges and horses. [Anni regum Angli 22]

Charles of Fraunce, by the counsaile of Eugenius the

byishop of Rome, sēt his sonne the Dolphine with a gret company against the Switzees, and them of the coūsaile of Basile, where the blouddy victour with rauine, sword and fyre destroyed all the countrey of Alsatia, after whi∣che time the counsaile of Basile by lyttle & little was dys¦souled, the Frenchmen in their return were vanquished chased, slaine & lightned of great pray by y^e Slesstattines.

Kyng Henrye the .vi. by the aduise and procuremente of the Erle of Suffolke▪ [The yere of the worlde 5406] [The yere of Christ 1445] [Anni regum Angli 23] toke to wyfe Margaret the kyn∣ges daughter of Sicile, and refused the doughter of the Erle of Armynake, wyth whom he made his firste con∣tracte, whyche thynge was cause of muche myserye and trouble in England, as first the losynge of Normandye, the diuision of the lordes within the realme, the rebellion of the commynaltye against the prince, and fynallye the king deposed, and the quene with the prince, faine to flee the realme.

Henry Chechley, byshop of Canturbury, dyed, who in his lyfe time builded two houses for studentes in the vni¦uersitie of Oxenford, called Alsolne college and Bernard college.

The Hungaryans by menes of the byshoppe of Rome, contrary to the othe and leagu made before with Ammu¦rates, arrered new war against the Turkes, in the whi¦che Uladislaus, and Iulian the byshoppes legate, nere to Uarna, were vanquyshed, chased, and fayne, with great losse of Christian bloude. At Basila in lyke maner Iohn Huniades of Hungarye, was ouerthrowen, and Pelopo¦nesus brought in subiection to the Turkes.

After the death of Uladislaus, the Hungaryans wyth one consent agreed to haue to their king Ladislaus the young sonne of Albert, and ordeined Iohn Huniades to be protectour of the realme.

Eugenius byshop of Rome made war vpon Sfortia a famous capitaine of Italy, and toke from him P••••••num whiche before he had geuen to his possession and gouer¦naunce.

The warre was renewed againe bytwene the Ueneci¦ans and Myllanours.

[The yere of the worlde 5407] [The yere of Christ 1446] The Uenecians and Florētines, [Anni regum Angli 24] bytwene Cremona &

Tantu••, vanquisshed the souldyours of Duke Phylyp, and ouer••ode the countrey euen the suburbes of Myl∣laine.

George Poggeobratius gouernour of Boheme.

[Anni regum Angli 5] Humfrey Duke of Gloucester, [The yere of the worlde 5408] [The yere of Christ 1447] and protectour of Eng¦land, by the meanes of certaine malicious persons, was steared, cast in holde, and strangled to death in the Abbey of Bury, to the great displeasure and grudge of the com∣mons, which suspected the Marques of Suffolke of that cruell deede. This Duke Humfrey, for hys honorable and l••berall demeanour, and good rule that he kept this realme in, was called the good Duke of Gloucester.

William Wanflet a man of great deuocion, wisedome and ••ustice, was made byshop of Winchester and chāce¦lour of Englande. This man to the furtherance of let∣ters and he••lpe of studious younge men, erected the fa∣mous colege of Mar•• Magdalene in Oxenford, to whō I knowl••de my selfe to be greatly bounden for so much as that small learning that god hath sent me, I haue ob¦teined by his benefite, and the ayde and sustināce of that worshipfull house.

Philyp Duke of Myllayne, pased his debte to nature, whose deth notwithstandyng the warre against the Ue∣necians styll continued, for Sfortia, which had forsaken the Uenecians, warred vpon them in the quarell of M••l∣laine.

Nicolas the .v. byshop of Rome .viii. yeres.

Alphons kinge of Arragone and Naples, made warre against the Florentines.

Francisce Sfortia discomfited the Uenecians in a gret ••at•• le nere to Caranaz••um, [Anni regum Angli 26] [The yere of the worlde 5409] [The yere of Christ 1448] and shortly after beyng re∣consiled to their amitie, made so sharpe warre vppon the Myllanours, that he subdued their citie to his obeisance.

Constantinus emperour of Constantinople.

Amadeus, which was made byshop of Rome by the or¦dinance of the counsa••le of Basile (through menes made by bishop Nicolas) was compelled of the emperour Fri∣derich to resigne his papacy, [Anni regum Angli 27] [The yere of the worlde 5410] [The yere of Christ 1449] and gaue place to the saied Nicolas, and so the schisme was fynyshed that had con∣tinued .viii. or .ix. yeres.

Mahomete and sonne of Ammurates, was emperoure of the Turkes, he wrought much hurte to the Christ••ās

The Marques of Suffolke was banyshed the lande for the space of .v. yeres. to apeace the murmure and grudge of the commons of Englande, [The yere of the worlde 5411] [The yere of Christ 1450] [Anni regum Angli 28] for the death of the Duke of Gloucester. In ••a••lyng towarde Fraunce he was met on the sea by a shippe of warre, and ther presently behea¦ded by the capitaine called Nicolas Tower, and the dead cor••es cast vp at Douer.

The commons of ••ent, for grudge that thei bare to cer¦taine noble men nere about the king, as well for the ge∣uing vp of the Duchy of Angeo•• and Maine to the king of Sicilie, as for diuers iniuris and oppressions, that the pore people had suffered, raised a great commocion, and on black heath, 〈◊〉〈◊〉 the leadyng of Iacke Kade, ouerthrew the Erle of Stafforde, hauing with him a good company of souldyers. Than after they came to London, where after thei had put to death the lorde Say with other, and committed diuers robberies and cruel deedes, their com¦pany was disperkled euerie man to his home, and theyr capitaine taken and put to death, and after that iust exe∣••ucion dooen vpon many of the rebelles by the king and his officers.

The byshop of Salesburye was murdered by the com¦mons of the wea st country.

The Uenecians made peace with Alphons king of Na¦ples, and greed to make warre against Sfortia Duke of M••llaine, with whom they were againe fallen at vary∣a••nce, because he wolde not stande to the peace made be¦twene theim and Millaine.

Charles of Frāce recouered againe Rhoan and diuers other townes of Normandy and Fraunce.

This was the yere of Iubiley of Rome.

The whole Duchie of Normandy was yelded vp to the Frenchmen by menes of the Quene, [The yere of the worlde 5412] [The yere of Christ 1451] [Anni regum Angli 29] the Duke of Som¦merset, and other of her counsaile, whiche thinge caused so muche trouble and debate in Englande, that mortall warre therof ensued.

Friderich the emperour, with his wife Elenour, was crowned with the imperial Diademe at Rome, and than

yode to Naples, wher he was receiued with great honor and triumph by Alphons the kinge.

The countre of Aquitaine was reconquered and wonne by the Frenchmen .297. yeres after it was first ioygned to the crowne and seignory of Englande by Henrye the secounde, [Anni regum Angli 30] [The yere of the worlde 5413] [The yere of Christ] which was Duke of Angeow and .192. yeeres after it was by Henry the .iii. recouered from the Fren∣chemen, which had won it by force of armes from king Iohn his father.

A commocion beganne this yere by the duke of Yorke and other noble men, whiche was appeased for a tyme and the malice dissimuled.

Lewys the Dolphine, sonne of king Charles of France rebelled agaynst his father, and fled to the duke of Bur∣goyne, with whom he was ten yeres.

One named Iohannes Faustius first found the craft of printinge in the citee of Mens in Germanie.

The lorde Talbote recouered by de••icion the citee of Burdeaus in Aquitaine, [Anni regum Angli 31] [The yere of the worlde 5414] [The yere of Christ] where after long & cruel fighte he was slayne with a gunne and the citee won agayn by the Frenchmen.

Mahomet prince of Turkes, after .50. dayes of conti∣nuall assaut made by his innumerable multitude of tur¦kes agaynst the citee of Constantinople, with excedinge force & power, obteyned and conquered the same to the great hinderaunce and shame of Christendome, a highe ••duancement of the turkes dominion. Of the excedinge and vnspeakable crueltie, that they vsed towarde all sor¦tes of men, women, and children, and the despiteous ve¦lanie that they shewed toward Christiā religion, it wold r••e any christian heart to heare or read.

[Anni regum Angli 32] The fyre of enuie, [The yere of the worlde 3415] [The yere of Christ] that a good space had couertly smou∣dered betwene the duke of Yorke, a••••d the duke of Som¦merset, with other of the quenes counsaile, at this time brake out in hote and fierce flames of warre, in so much that betwene the kinge who defended these persons and the duke of Yorke with his alies at ••. Albones a cruell battayle was fought, in the ende wherof the victory fell to the duke of Yorke, and on the kinges part was slayne the Duke of Somerset, the Erle of Northumberlande▪

the lorde Clifforde with many other honourable men of knightes and squiers. After whiche time the duke with great reuerence broughte the kinge from S. Albones to London, where by a parliamēt he was made protectour of the realme, the Erle of Salesburie chauncellour, and the erle of Warwike capitayne of Cales.

Peace and league was made in Lumbardye betwene Frauncisce Sfortia, of Millayne, and the Uenecians af¦ter the warre had continued wel nere .v. yeres.

[The yere of the worlde 5416] [The yere of Christ 1455] Calist the .iii. beinge ordeyned bishop of Rome, [Anni regum Angli 33] made preparacion for warre agaynst the Turkes, and sent a∣gaynst theim with great prouision, Lewys patriarke of Aquileia.

Messaraphus the souldaine of Egipte a man of great power.

Georgi••s Castrio••us, called also Scanderberge, duke of Epire and Albanie, was famous in dyuers partes of Asia and Europe for his prowes & noblenesse in armes, and especially for such victories as he atcheued agaynst the Turkes.

Iames Picennius of Lumbardye made warre to the citye of Sennes.

[The yere of the worlde 5417] [The yere of Christ 1456] By meanes of the quene and other lordes, [Anni regum Angli 34] the duke of Yorke was discharged of his protectourship, which thīg was cause of new grudge and malyce.

A great riote committed in London against the Lum∣bardes & Italians, because a mercers seruaunt was cast in prison for striking an Italian.

Nere to the citee Taurinum, that is now called Alba, where as the riuers of Danubie and Saw do mete, Ma∣homet the Turke was ouerthrowen chased and dryuen out of his campe by a smal company of Christians.

About this time were sene many strange syghtes and wonderfull thinges, as well in the citee of Rome as o∣ther places of Italie, In the place called Sabine a calfe was broughte forthe with two heades. In Rome at the gate of Uenus and in ••yguria it reygned bloudde. In Picene a child was borne with sixe teth. A blasing sterre terrible to beholde was sene, well nere all the moneth of Iune. An horrible tempest vexed a part of Italy, and espe¦cially

Hetr••ria, and Uenice, many countreys of Italye were shaken also with a terrible erthquake, in so muche that in Huel and Naples, muche housinges and greate buyldinges were ouerthrowen, and (as writeth Cronica Cronicorum) there peryshed .40. thousande Christian men.

At Eri••h within .xii. miles of London were taken, [The yere of the worlde 5418] [The yere of Christ 1457] 4. wonderfull fyshes, [Anni regum Angli 35] wherof one was called Mors mari∣na, the seconde a sword fyshe, the other two were whales A flote of Frenchmen landed at Sandwike, and spoy∣led the towne with great crueltee.

Alphons kinge of Naples, made sore warre vpon the citee of Geane.

[Anni regum Angli 36] A feigned agrement was made betwene the king the queene, and the duke of Yorke, with his retinew, [The yere of the worlde 5419] [The yere of Christ] which endured not longe.

Bessarion and Cusanus, cardinalles, Ludouicus, Pō¦tanus, Paulus Castrensis, & Antonius Rosellanus law¦iers, Cermisonus, Sauonarola, & Ba••zizius phisicions. Pe••••rbachius & Blanchinus astronomers, Argirople Philelphus, Pero••••us & Datus learned men flourished

Fregosus capitaine of Gean, gaue vp the cite to Char¦les of Fraunce, because he was not able to defend it a∣gaynst the violence of Alphons.

Ferdinande the bastarde son of Alphons suc••••ded his father in the kingdome of Naples, betwene whom and Iohn duke of Angeow, was sore warre for the right and title of the sayd kingdome.

Ladislaus king of Hungarie and Boheme, ended his life, after whom succeded in Boheme George P••ggeh•• braicus or de Podebra, & in Hungarie Mathias the son of Huniades, who made war agaynst the emperour Fri¦derich for the crowne of Hungary, betwene whom whē the warre had continued .vi. yeres a peace was conclu∣ded on this condicion, that Mathias should be kynge for his life time, but he should leaue no heyre after him.

Lewis the .xi. after some computacions, was ordeyned kinge of Fraunce, which for his crueltee and harde de∣meanour was called the sturdy and fell Lewis betwene him and his nobles was muche strife.

eneas Siluius a man of great witte, learninge and e∣loquence, was made byshop of Rome, and named Pigs the .ii. he wrate the historye De origine boen••rum. The warre that he entēded agaynst the Turkes was stopped by meane of the discencion among christian princes, for th••n, & long after was great warre betwene Ferdinād of Naples and the duke of Angeow, and in diuers other partes of Italy likewise.

The duke of Yorke, the erles of Salesbury and War¦wike with a great host mette the kinge and other lordes of Englande vpon Blore heath nere to London, [The yere of the worlde 5420] [The yere of Christ 1459] [Anni regum Angli 37] where because Andrew Trollop, a capitayn of Cales the night before the battaile should haue bene, fledde wyth a com∣pany of the best souldiours to the kinges parte the duke of Yorke, the erles of March, Sa••esbu••y, and Warwike mistrusting them selfe to be to weake, departed wyth a priuye companye and fledde, the duke into Irelande, the iii. Erles into Gernesey, & after to Calys without anye notable battaile.

[The yere of the worlde 5421] [The yere of Christ 1460] Th•• .iii. Erles coming from Calis with a puissaunte armie, [Anni regum Angli 38] the .ix. day of Iuly me••••e kinge Henrye at North∣ampton, and gaue to him a stronge battayle, in the ende wherof the victory fell to the Erles, and the kinges host sparcled, chased, and many slayn, among the which was the duke of Buckingham, the erle of Shreusburye, the lorde Egremont, with other, and the kynge taken in the field••.

The duke of Yorke, retourning into Englande made suche clayme to the crowne that by consent of a parlya∣ment h•• was proclaymed heyre aparant, and al his pro¦genie after him.

Margaret the quene in this meane time, in all haste possible had gathered a companye of Northenmen, and nere to a ••owne in the north called Wakefeld in a c••uel fight discomfited and slew the Duke of Yorke, with his sonne the erle of Rutlande, the ••rl•• of Salesburye was taken prisoner, with diue••s other noble men.

The quene with her retinew, [Anni regum Angli 39] nere to .S. Albones dys∣comfited the Erle of Warwike and the duke of Northe¦folke, [The yere of the worlde 5422] [The yere of Christ 1461] and delyuered king Henry her h••usband.

Great distencyon and ciuile warre at Mens in Germa¦ny for election of their byshop Dietherus de Ess••nberge and Ad••lybus de Nassaw, were bothe chosen, the byshop of Rome fauoured more Adolphus, because Dietherus was again him in dyuers thinges, and woulde not con∣discende to his mynde.

¶Edwarde Erle of Marche, and eldest son to the Duke of Yorke, came vppe to ••••onbon wyth a myght••e power of M••rchemen, accompanyed wyth the Erle of War∣wyke, and by agrement of a co••nsaile was proclaymed kinge of Englande, and called Edwarde the .iiii. Short∣ly thervpon he pursued king Henry toward Yorkewher he gaue a sore bataile to y^e king and his company. Thys fight was s•• cruell and fierce that in the fielde and chase were slaine .32. thousande of the commons, bysyde men of name, of the whiche were the Erles of Northumber∣lande, & Westmerland, the lorde Clifford, Andrew Trol¦ley, and other to the noumbre of a .xi. and kinge Henrye loste all, and was fayne to flee the lande, whan ••e hadde reigned .xxxviii. yeres .vi. monethes.

Quene Margaret with the younge prince fledde to her father the Duke of Angeo••.

EDward the .iiii. began his dominiō ouer the realme of Englande, and reygned .xxii. yeeres. He was a man of ••oble courage and gret wit, [Anni regum Angli 1] but in his time was muche trouble and 〈◊〉〈◊〉 in the realme.

About this time the nobles of Fraunce, bycause theyr kinge Lewys refused the company of his lordes, and v∣sed the counsaile of vi••laines, rose against•• him in great noumbre, and met in plaine battaile at Charters, where the king was ouercome, his mē chased, and he forced to flee for his sa••egarde to a castell named Mountcher, but ••••ortly after an greement and concorde was made be∣tw••ne theim, which cōtinued but for a time, for the ki••g re••ourned to his ••ide demeanour, and oppressyon of hys subiectes.

[Anni regum Angli 2] Mahomettes emperour of Tu••ky, beside the empires of Constantinople and Trapezunce, whyche he sub••erted, [The yere of the worlde 5424] [The yere of Christ 1493] toke from the Christians .xii. kingedomes, & conquered 200. cyties. He also by force of armes wrested from the

Uenecians the sland of Calays and obteined Scobra by composicion, he m••inteyned war on the sea many yeere against the Christian people, he conquered Capha the ci¦tee of Ponte, [The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ 1464] [Anni regum Angli 4] assailed the Rhodes and lastly after he had taken Hyorunte in••aded Italye.

The Turke conquered Poloponesus & Pontus, in win¦ning wherof he greatly endomaged the Uenecians.

The lorde Mountague, hauinge the rule of the North, discomfited kinge Henry comyng out of Scotland wyth a great power to recouer the crowne, thys is called the battaile of Exham, in the whiche was taken the Duke of Somerset, the lorde Hungerfourde, the lorde Roos, whi∣che were a••ter put to ••eathe with many other.

Kynge E••ward was secre••ly maried to Elisabeth late wyfe of sir Iohn Graye▪ at whiche mariage was none present but the kinge, his spouse, the Duch••s of Bedford the priest, two gentill women and a yong man to healpe the priest to masse, for which mariage rose gret variance betwene the kinge and the Erle of Warwike, his chiefe friende and mainteinour.

Paule the second•• was made bishop of Rome. He was couetous, cruel, iniurious, rude, and nether learned him selfe, nor yet fauoured learned men. He endeuoured to stee••e Christiā princes to warre agaynst the Turkes as dyuers of his predicessours hadde dooen, to the intent he myght vnder that pretence, gather money.

Friderich the emperour was besieged in the tower of Ui••••na by his owne citisins, [The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ 1465] [Anni regum Angli 5] from whens he was deliue¦red by G••orge kinge of Boheme.

This yeere the coignes were altered, and new made in England by Edwarde the fourth, as the royall, the halfe royall, the angell, the halfe angell, and the ferthing, the gr••••es were made of lesse value than they were by eight pence in an ounce.

Dyuers of the nobles of France forsoke the dominion o•• L••wys, and cleaue to his younger brother Charles, whiche made claime to the crowne of France by the wil of his father▪ but after they had taken the citye of Rho∣•••• in Normandy, and bene a good space before the citie of ••aris, a peace was agreed vpon, by condicion wherof

the kinge granted to his brother the Duchy of No••m••n¦dy, takynge 〈◊〉〈◊〉 th•• principa••e of Burg••s. 〈◊〉〈◊〉 the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 of the Duke of Bargoine he gaue ••••rone, Roya, and the citi•• Moncideriu••••, with Guinary•• & th•• E••ledome of Bolome for his perpetual possess••ō, & with other princ••s it was agreed as they desyred. It was not longe after, but that Charles the kynges brother was a∣gaine depri••ed of the Duchy•• of Normandye.

Henrye the .iiii. kynge of Castile, by••wene whom and his brother Alpho••s was arreysed warre for the kyng∣dome, in the whiche the more parte of the nobilite fauou¦red the younger brother.

[Anni regum Angli 6] Iohn Galea••ius, after Frauncisce Sfortia. was made Duke of Myllaine. [The yere of the worlde 5427] [The yere of Christ]

The bishop of Rome condemned the kinge of Boheme for heresie, and depriued him of his kyngdome.

The Turkes inuaded Stiria, [The yere of the worlde 5430] [The yere of Christ 2469] and toke frō thens great pillage and praye. [Anni regum Angli 9]

Mathias kinge of Hungarye, by the incensynge of the byshop of Rome, made sharpe warre vpon George king of Boheme the space of .vii. yeere continually, and added to his seignory a geat part of the kyngdome of Boheme.

[Anni regum Angli 10] The grudge, [The yere of the worlde 5431] [The yere of Christ] whiche the Erle of Warwike had concei¦ued against king Edwarde for the foresaide mariage, de¦clared it selfe openly, so that he al••ed him with the Duke of Clarence the kinges brother, and by their meanes in ce••sed so the Northenmen, that they dyuers tymes rebel¦led and tourned the kyng and the realme to muche trou∣ble but shortly the kinge so demeaned hym selfe, that the rebelles were suppressed. Wherefore the Erle of War∣wike perceiuyng his parte to be weakened, fled with the Duke of Clarence and other into Fraunce,

Mahomet emperour of the Turkes, inuaded the sle En¦boea, and destroied the great citie called Nigropony and not lōg after Isaac his capitaine entring Hungary, and Croacia, toke with theim a great noumber of prisoners.

The Duke of Clarence, the Erles of Warwike, Pen∣broke and Orforth, landed at Dartmouth, to whom by meanes of proclamacyons that were pub••ysshed in the name of kyng Henrye, th•• commons gathered in so gret

companies, that Edwarde fearyng his par••e fledde into Flanders to the Duke of Burgoyne. Than was Hen∣rye the .vi. set at large, and agayne proclaymed kinge by m••n••s of the Erle of warwike with other, and Edward proclaimed vsurper of thecrown, ••ut that continued n••t longe.

[The yere of the worlde 5432] [The yere of Christ 1471] Kyng Edward, retournyng out of Flaunders, [Anni regum Angli 11] arriu••d in the North part of Englande with a vera•• small com∣panye of souldyers, but by meanes that he vsed, and tho∣rough his brother the Duke of Clarēce, who turned now to his part, he came so puisauntly to London, that he en∣tred the citie, and toke kyng Henry in the byshoppes pa∣laice, and than w••̄t against the Erle of warwike, whom he vanquished & slew with his brother Marques Moun∣tague nere Barnet .x. myles from London. Shortly af∣ter at Tewkisbury he ouertherw queene Margaret, the wyfe of Henrye. In whiche battaile was taken the saied Margaret with Edward the ••rince h••r sonne, the Duke of Sommerset, and dyuers ••ther. Kynge Edwarde re∣c••iued his regalitie, and was againe taken for kinge.

Prince Edward the sonne of Henry was put to death A commocion steered by the bastarde Fancōbridg and the commons of kent and Essex.

Henrye the .vi. was putte to death in the Tower, and buried at Ch••rtesie.

The king of Portugal passed the sea into Afrike, where he subdued to him .ii. cityes of Mauritania, called Tyn∣ga and Argilia.

Sixtus the .iiii. byshop of Rome .xiii. yer••s.

Mathias kinge of Hungary was chosen kinge of Bo∣h••me. [The yere of the worlde 5433] [The yere of Christ 1472] [Anni regum Angli 12]

The Uenecians, with the ayde of the byshop of Rome, [Anni regum Angli 13] and the kynge of Napl••s made s••re and fyer••e warre v∣pon the Turkes, [The yere of the worlde 5473] [The yere of Christ 1473] and put theim oftentymes to great do∣mages on the s••a coastes of their dominion, yet dyuers times the•• were chased and ouerthrowen with g••••t losse of men.

Iames k••nge of Cipres departed out of this lyfe, lea∣uyng a••ter him a yong sonne begotten of his wyfe a Ue¦necian borne, by whiche menes the Uenecians obteined

the gouernaunce of his kingedome, and not longe after (when the childe died) possessed the kingdome of Cipres.

About this time Cassanus kinge of Persie made sore warre vpon the Turk••s, [The yere of the worlde 5435] [The yere of Christ 1474] whom they discomfited in two great battailes, but in the ende Mahomets by po••lice o••¦te••ned the vpper hande, and made league wyth them.

Uariaunce betwene Charles duke of Burgoyne, and Lewys kinge of Fraunce. The duke of Burgoyne be∣sieged Nussia, but when Friderich the emperour mette there with him hauing a great power, after leage made he left the siege and departed.

[Anni regum Angli 15] Kinge Edwarde of England went ouer the see with a great armye to ayde the duke of Burgoyne, [The yere of the worlde 5436] [The yere of Christ] but by the earnest suite of the frenche kyng a peace was concluded betwene England and fraunce for .vii. yeres. For per∣formance w••erof king Lewys gaue to Edward. 7••000 crownes of golde, and yerelye after for the space of .vii. yeres .50000. crownes.

In Spayne after the decease of Henry the .iiii. hapned great diuision and variaunce. For Ferdinande the son of Iohn kinge of Arragone, whiche had t••ken to wyfe the sister of Henrie the .iiii. and Alphons of Portugall, maintening the quarell of Iohan the doughter of Hen∣ry deuided the kingdome betwene them.

At the citee Trident a childe named Simon was mur∣dered of the Iewes of that citee, in derision of the passy∣on of Christ. For which mudrer and vilanie, the Iewes suffred great and worthy punishement.

Charles duke of Burgoyn inuaded the prouince of Lo¦rayne with great power.

The Zubilei was ordeyned by the bishop of Rome to be euery, xxv. yere.

The turkes in the countree called Mundania, or Wa∣lachie, were vanquyshed and slayne, and in lyke maner agayne in the lower Mi••ia ouerthrowen and chased. About this time at Ingolstade and Tubing in Ge••ma¦nie were founded certayne scholes and colleges, and a li¦tle before at Basile and F••••burge.

[Anni regum Angli] Charles of Burgoyn•• leading an armye agai••nst the Switzers at a place called Gr••nses, [The yere of the worlde 5437] [The yere of Christ] was by th••ym va••∣quished

chased, and lightned of his tents, and other p••••¦uiance. 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Murthen he was agayne ou••rthrowen, and shortly thervpon at Nans••s, by Renatus Duke of Lo∣raine, coming with a cōpany of Argentines and Swit∣zers agaynst him, was vtterly vanquished and slaine, af¦ter whole death Lewis king of France, recouered ••gain all that before time he had graunted to the sayde Duk•• Charles by cōposicion or otherwise, and endeuoured al¦so to bring to his lordship Burgoyne and Flanders but that labour of his engendred great warres. For y^e Bur¦gonions forsoke the doughter of Charles.

Mathias of Hungary w••nne a strong forte from th•• Turkes by the riuer Sane.

Iohannes de Monte regio, the noble astromer was famous.

[The yere of the worlde 5438] [The yere of Christ 1477] Maximilian Duke of Austria, [Anni regum Angli 17] and sonne to Friderich the emperoure, ledde a great army into Flaunders, and coupled to him in mariage Mary the onlye doughter of Charles duke of Burgoyne lately deceased.

The bishop of Rome and king Ferdinande of Naples arrered warre agaynst the Florentines in Italy

Cathub••ius, the great souldaine of Egipte and Arabi••

[The yere of the worlde 5439] [The yere of Christ 1478] George duke of Clarence, [Anni regum Angli 18] brother to kinge Edwarde of Englande, was secretly put to death wa•• drowned in a barell of Malmesey within the tower of London. A death this yeare in the citre of London.

The Uenecians made league with the Turke.

Greuous warre betwene Maximilian and Lewys of France, for the possession of Burgoyne, at Doubl•• ••hey encountred in a strong battaile, where Maximilian ob∣teyned to the victory, & Lewis was ••anquished, and lo•••• a great noumbre of his men.

Asambecus called also Ussancas••n, king of Armense Mede, Parthia, and Mesopotamia, after many other vic¦tories ouerthrewe the Turkes with great slaughter of men.

Mahomet the turke besieged Rhodes, [Anni regum Angli] which was so manfully defended that he lost all his labours with ma∣ny of his men. [The yere of the worlde 5440] [The yere of Christ 5479]

Maximilian made league for .vii. yeeres with Lewis

the French king.

A wonderfull deluge of water, wherof ens••••d a great famine well nere in all Europ••, and after that a sore pe¦stilence. [Anni regum Angli 20] [The yere of the worlde 5441] [The yere of Christ]

[Anni regum Angli 21] The Turke Mahomet besieged Hydrunie in Calaper ••nd with great power inuaded Italye. [The yere of the worlde 5442] [The yere of Christ 1481] Shortly after he ended his life.

The Scottes, this yere beganne to steere, agaynst whō king Edward sent the duke of Gloucester and certayne other, which retourned without any notable battayle.

The Scithes with a great noumbre of Iewes in their company, inuaded the North partes of Germany.

[Anni regum Angli 22] Thebishop of Rome and the Uenecians made war a∣gainst Hercules of Ferrare, [The yere of the worlde 5443] [The yere of Christ 1482] and Ferdinand of Naples to the great vnquieting of Italy.

Pazaites kinge of Turkes .xxx. yeres, betwene hym ••nd his brother Zizinus was fierce warre, in so much•• that he chased him out of Turkie, and forced him to fle•• to the Rhodes.

Marie the wife of Maximilian, being with child rode on hanting, and by great misfortune fel from her horse wherof she toke her deth, leuing after her a sonne called Philip, and a doughter named Margaret.

Kinge Edwarde of England making•• great prouision for warre into France, [Anni regum Angli 23] ended his life, [The yere of the worlde 5444] [The yere of Christ 1483] leauing after him two sonnes▪ Edwarde the prince, and Richarde duke of Yorke, with .iii. daughters.

EDwarde the .v. of the age of a .xi. yeres, beganne his reigne ouer the realme of Englande the .xi. day of A¦pril. This Edward was neuer crowned but cruelly mu••dered by Richar•• duke of Gloucester his vnaturall vncle, who after vsurped the crowne, and was called Ry¦••harde the .iii.

At this time was famous Pi••us Mirandula, George Ualla, Herm••la••s Barbarue, Politian, Gaza. Platine Sadellicus, Pomp. Letus, Aldus, Manuc••us, Marsy∣lius, Ficinus, Iohannes de Monte Regio.

Pazai••tes the Turke cōquered certayne townes in Wa¦lachie, and then made warre vppon the souldayne of E∣gipt, of whom he was often vanquished & put to ••lighte,

with great slaughter of his men.

Margaret the doughter ofMaximilian was betrothed to Charles the eldest sonne of Lewis kinge of Fraunce, and brought into Frāce, with great pompe, and royalte

Peace betwene Uenice and Ferraria.

RIcharde the .iii. brother vnto Edwarde the .iiii. through manye cruell deedes lastlye obteyned the crowne of Englāde. First to compasse his wicked and diuelishe purpose, he put to deathe those noble men whiche he thought wold not consent to his minde in all thinges, the other he corrupted with riche gyftes, than by his vntrouth and falshode he wrested from the quene Elisabeth (being than in sanctuarye) Richarde her yon∣ger sonne, and brother to the prince, thirdly he caused to be publyshed at Paules crosse, by one doctor Sh••a, that Edwarde the .iii. his elder brother, was not rightlye be∣gotten of his mother, but by aduoutry, and therfore that neither he nor his children had right to the crowne or as some write, he caused to be published that the prince and his brother were not rightfully begotte of quene Elisa¦beth, and therfore the right of the crowne to be his, why∣che in fine he toke vpon him and to make a perfite work of his crueltee, shortely thervpon shamefully murdered the two yonge children in the tower of London, 〈◊〉〈◊〉 vsur∣ped the crowne .ii. yeeres .ii. monethes .ii. yeres.

[The yere of the worlde 5445] [The yere of Christ 1484] Charles the eyght king of France, after the decease of his father Lewys, warred agaynst the Britaines. [Anni regum Angli 2]

Innoc••nt the eyght bishop of Rome .viii. yeres, he was geuen to ••rinkinge and bollinge, and without shame o∣penly aduanced his bastardes to great riches honour, & dignitee.

Grudge betwene kinge Richarde the .iii. and his nere friende the Duke of Buckyngham. In so much that for displeasure therof the duke conspired with diuers othe•• noble men agaynst him, and entended to bring into the lande Henrye Erle of Richmonte as rightfull heyre to the crowne. This Henry had fled before into Britayne, fearinge the cru••ltye of Edw••rde the .iiii. For whyche conspiracie the sayd duke of Buckingham, with diuers other was shortly after taken and put to death.

Henry Erle of Richmount ayded wyth the Britaines, entended to arriue in Wales, but his nauye was so sca••e¦red with a contrarye wynde, that he was fayne to gyue backe againe into Britaine for that tyme, dyuers noble men detestyng the tyranny of kynge Rycharde, fled into Britaine, and there alied theim with the Erle of Rich••∣mounte.

The noble prince Henry Erle of Richmounte, wyth a smalle company of Frenchemen landed at the hauen of Mylborne, [Anni regum Angli 3] whose comynge beyng ones knowen, [The yere of the worlde 5446] [The yere of Christ 1485] dyuers noble me•• with their retinew forsaking Rycharde, ga∣thered to him in great noumbre, so that his strengthe in short space gretly encreased, at a village nere to Leiceter called Bosworth he mette wyth his enemyes, where be∣twene theim was foughten a sharpe battaile, in conclusy¦on, kinge Rycharde with dyuers other was slayne, and Henry obteined a noble victorye, after whiche conquest, he was immediatly proclaimed king of Englande.

KYng Henry the .7. begā his reigne ouer this relme of Englād, [Anni regum Angli 1] and continued .23. yeres a prince of mar¦ueilous wysedome and pollici, and of great iustice temperaunce and grauytye. He so behaued him in the tyme of his reigne, that notwithstanding many and gret occasions of trouble, vnquietnesse and warre, he kept his realme in right good order and pollicy, wherfore he was greatly estemed and reuerenced of foraine princes.

The sweating sicknes••e beganne first in Englande, of the which a wonderfull multitude died for lacke of good kepyng,

[Anni regum Angli 2] Frederich the emperoure made Maximalian his sonne partaker of the empire. [The yere of the worlde 5446] [The yere of Christ 1486] Not longe form this time Maxi∣milian, after the death of hys wyfe, was taken by the Flemminges & ca•••• in prison, wherof ensued great war, mortalitie, and pers••cucion in Flaunders.

Ugnerus after he had slaine his bretherne, was made kynge of Persye, Armenye and Media.

Kynge Henry of Englande toke to wyfe Elisabeth, the eldest daughter of Edwarde the .iiii. by whiche meanes the two families of Yorke and Lancaster, which had lōg caused great diuision, was knitt•• together in one.

About this tyme Francisce Louel, and Humfrey Staf∣forde r••••elled in the North, which commocion was quie¦ted by the pollicie of the Duke of Bedforde.

[The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ] Nicolas an heremite of Helu••ci••, and Hiernomous S••¦nonarola, that had the spirite of prophecie, [Anni regum Angli 4] were famous

Ferdinand king of Spaine, by knightly force and man ••o••e, conquered againe the kingdome of Granade, and chased from thens the Sarasens.

Warre betwene the Uenecyans & Sigismund Duke of Austrich.

[The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ 1447] A great businesse in England, by meane of a priest cal¦led Rycharde Simon, [Anni regum Angli 5] whiche takyng with him a yonge childe, called L••mbert, fledde into Irelande▪ and feigned to the nobles of that countree, that he had brought wyth him, the younge sonne of the Duke of Clarence, nephew of king Edwarde the .iiii. & lawefull heyre to the crowne ••f Englande, wherwith the Irisshemen, beyng excited, alied with theim Margaret the syster of Edwarde, an•• dyuers noble men of England, which gathering which theim a great power of Irishemen, Englyshmen, & Ger¦maines, entred the lande, and at Stoke mette with king He rye and his hoste, and there fought a strong battail•• in the whiche was slaine the Erle of Lincolne, Francis Louell, Thomas Broughton, Thomas Gerardine of I¦relande, and Martine Swarte a Germaine, which wer•• chiefe capitaynes of the rebelles, Rycharde the pryeste, and Lambert the counterfeited king, were taken in the fielde. Fabian seemeth to auouch this to be dooen in the yere of our lorde. 1487.

Warre betwene Britaine and the Frenchemen.

Charles of Fraunce forsoke Marg••ret the daughter of M••ximilian, whiche was to him f••aunced.

This yere was a fielde ••oughten in Flaunders by the lorde Daubene•• in the quarel of Maximilian the empe∣rours sonne, and Erle of Flaunders.

In Englande was a taxe arrered of the tenth pen••e of mens landes and goodes by menes wherof the cōmons rose, [The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ 5490] and slewe the Erle of Northumberlande. [Anni regum Angli 6] For whi∣che cause Chamberlaine their capytaine, with dyuers o∣ther were after hanged at Yorke.

Maximilyan recouered the parte of his Duchie of Au••strich, which Mathias kyng of Hungarye had with hol¦den from him a good season.

[Anni regum Angli 7] The kinge of Scotes was slaine in battayle by the no∣bles of his realme, [The yere of the worlde 5452] [The yere of Christ 1491] and Iames his sonne ordeined kynge in his place.

Maximilian, by his deputie (as the maner is of greate princes) maried Anne the daughter of Frances Duke of Britaine, after the death of her ••ather, but that mariage notwithstanding, Charles of Fraunce found such mea∣nes, that he toke her to his wi••e in open mariage, and by her obteined the dominiō of Britaine. For whych cau••e was great grudge and malice betweene him and Maxi∣milian, and so much the more because Charles did repu¦diate Margaret his daughter, whiche was to him f••aun∣ced and betrothed.

Kinge Henry arriued in Fraunce with a great army, [The yere of the worlde 5453] [The yere of Christ] entēding to ayde the Britaines against the French king but Charles by entreatie concluded peace, [Anni regum Angli 8] the condicion wherof was, that he shulde pa••e to kinge Henry foorth∣with for his expenses and charges in the warre a greate summe of money, and yerely after as a certayne tribute 25. thousande crownes, after whiche agreement Henrye retourned into England.

The Turke with a great power, bothe by sea and land inuaded the inhabytantes of the hilles in Greece, called Ceraunil, and theim subdued to the Turkishe empire.

Certaine new ilandes were found in the Oeceā se first by Amerin••s U••spucyu••, & after by Christophorus Co∣lumbanus.

Ther were driuen ou•• of Spaine by commaundement of the kinge .125. familyes of the Iewes, of the whyche 30, thousande dyed of the pestylence in their iourney, as they were departyng.

Alexander the .vi. byshop of Rome .xl. yeares, a bloud∣die and cruell tyranne.

¶Maximilian succeded his father Friderych in the em∣pyre, [Anni regum Angli 9] and reigned▪ 27. yeres. [The yere of the worlde 5454] [The yere of Christ 1493]

Charles o•• Fraunce made clayme to the kyngdome of Naples and Sicilie, [Anni regum Angli 10] [The yere of the worlde 5455] [The yere of Christ 1494] and for that cause went into Italye

with a great army, wher in short space he conquered Na¦ples, and compelled kinge Alphons to forsake the coun∣trei, and than retourned into France, and in his iournye was encountred by the Ueneciās▪ which endeuoured to stoppe his passage, where after sore fyght, to the losse of bothe partes, he toke an other way.

About this tyme beganne the foule scabbe and horible sic••••nesse called the Frenche p••ckes. [The yere of the worlde 5456] [The yere of Christ 1495] [Anni regum Angli 11]

Dyuers gentilmen in Englande appeached of treason and for fauouring the conspiracie of Perkin Warb••ck•• of the whiche some were pardoned, some put to death.

Perken Warbecke, whiche by the coūsaile of Marga∣ret of Burgoyne, named him selfe Rychard•• of Yorke, kinge Edwardes seconde sonne, arriued in ken••e, wher•• he was driuen backe by the vplandishmen, and other in∣habitauntes of the countrey, with losse of dyuers of hys men.

Ferdinand, the sonne of Alphons, was restored againe to the kyngdome of Naples immediatly after the depar∣ture of the Frenchemen.

Sozimus and I••son lawiers, Alexander Benedictus, and Antonius Bemuenius phisicions, Iohannes Nau∣clerus, Raphael Uolateranus, Robertus Gaguinus, hi∣storiographers, Rodulphus Agricolo, a man of excellent learning, Iohanes Iouinianus, Pōtanus, Petr••s Cri∣nitus, Stephanus Niger, Ambrosius Calepinus Philip¦pus B••r••oldus flourished.

Blanch Mary, the princes daughter of Insubria, was maried to Maximilian.

Uladisaus the kynge of Polonies sonne, obtayned the kingdomes of Hugarye and Boheme. He made league with Maximilian the emperour.

The Scottes brake into the North partes of Englande by the excityng of Perkin Warbeck, [The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ 1496] [Anni regum Angli 12] & dyd much harme to the borderers.

In Italy a stone of wonderful biggenesse fell out of the ayre, whiche by the violence of the ••al (as some say) brake in .iii. great pieces, the coloure of thys stone was ••s it had been burned with fyre.

In these dayes preached at Florentia in Italye a frier

called Hierome Sauouarola, whose sayengs were these that Italy should be purged with the scourges of God, for the manyfolde off••nces of the princes, as well of the clergie as the laitee, and that ••ft•••• the subuersion of the citees of Florence and Rome, shuld folow a reformaciō and redresse in the church▪ and moreouer that one shuld come ouer the Alpes like to Cyrus, which shuld su••uert and destroy Italye. [Anni regum Angli]

While king Henrye of Englande made preparacion fo••warre into Scotland, [The yere of the worlde 5458] [The yere of Christ 1467] by meanes of a paymente that was graunted to the kyng by act of parliament, a new commocion was ar••ered by the commons of Cornewal whiche vnder the leadinge of the lorde Audley came to blacke heath, where the kinge mette with them, and dis∣comfited the rebelles, and toke their capitaynes whiche were shortly after hanged drawen and quartered.

King Henry sent an armye into Scotland, vnder the guiding of the erle of Surre•• and the lorde Neuell, why¦che made sharpe warre vpon the Scottes.

A mariage concluded betwene prince Arthur and lady Katherine the kinges doughter of Spayne.

Perkin Warbecke landed agayne in Cornwal, and as∣sayled the towne of Exciter and other places, but finally he toke the sanctuarye of Beaudley, and was after par∣doned of his life.

Lewys the twelueth of that name duke of Orleaunce and U••l••yse, was ordeyned king of Fraunce, who after he had possession of his kingdome, forsoke Iohā his first wife, and maried the widowe of Charles his predices∣sour.

Maxim••••ian inuaded Burgoyne, where after battayle to the losse of both partes a peace was concluded.

A peace proclaymed betwene the kinges of England and Scotlande, [Anni regum Angli] for the terme of both theyr lyues. [The yere of the worlde 5459] [The yere of Christ]

Perkin Warbecke endeuoured to steale away secr••tli out of the lande, but he was taken ag••yne by his kepers and by the kinges commaundement cast in the tower of London.

The Turkes toke from the Uenecians, Me••hon, Nau¦pactum, and shortly after Dyrrhach••um, & with swo••de

and fire spoyled the prouince of Foriulii.

The Switzers warred vppon their borderers of Au¦strich, wherfore Maximilian the emperour came out of Eelderlande, where he was occupied in warre to defend his subiectes, but after diuers skirmyshes and smal bat¦tailes to the losse of both partes the warre was finished.

At S. Thomas Watring a strepeling was put to e••e∣cucion, [The yere of the worlde 5460] [The yere of Christ 1499] [Anni regum Angli 25] which by the entisement of a monke named Pa¦tricius, called him selfe Edward Erle of Warwike and sonne of George Duke of Clarence, whiche sens the be∣ginning of king Hen••is reigne was kept secretly in the Tower.

Perkin Warb••cke was put to death, & sone after the Erle of Warwike, because he demed to be consentinge to the treason of the sayd Warbecke.

Lewis kinge of Fraunce toke Millayne. The newe bridge at Pa••ys, with the housing thervpon fel downe,

This yere was a great pestilence in the citee of Londō by reason wherof the kinge and the quene sayled to Ca∣lis, [The yere of the worlde 5461] [The yere of Christ 1450] [Anni regum Angli 26] and at S. Peters they mette with the Duke of Bur¦goyne.

Sir Edmunde de la Poole, duke of Suffolke, depar∣ted secretly out of this land, by meane of whō was lyke∣ly to haue bene a new insurrection.

King Henry of Englande fianced his doughter Mar∣garet to Iames the kinge of Scottes, and Ferdinand•• king of Spayne, maried his doughter Katherine to the noble prince Arthur, who ended ••is life in easter weke folowing.

Sfortia recouered the citee of Millayne, and expelled the Frenchemen, whom while he pursued more fiercely than aduisedlye, he fell into their handes vnwares, and was taken of them and led into Fraunce.

The Frenchemen, [Anni regum Angli 17] by the counsayle of the bishoppe of Rome, [The yere of the worlde 5462] [The yere of Christ 1501] ledde an army against the turkes, and ioygnyng in battaile at Mitelene, were ouerthrowen and taken.

The figure of crosses appered in the garments of dy∣uers persons of Germanye, and droppes of bloudde fell from heauen.

[The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ 1502] Elysabeth queene of Engl••nde dyed in the tower of [Anni regum Angli 18]

London, as she lay in childe bedde, and shortly after was dame Margaret the kinges doughter maried to the king of Scottes.

A great pestilence in the countre of Germanye.

The Frenchmen brought Naples vnder their dominiō

[Anni regum Angli 19] This yere was much hurt done by mischance of fyre, in diuers places of London. [The yere of the worlde 5464] [The yere of Christ]

Pr••sto Iohannes, emperour and high byshop of Indie and Aethiope.

Ferdinand of Spayne, sent a nauy of shippes into Italy where they vanquished, chased and slew the Frenchmē, and recouered the kingdome of Naples, wyth all the do∣minion belonging to it.

Pius bishop of Rome onely .xxx. dayes, after whome succeded Iulius a cruell and fierce tyranne, geuen only to murder and warre.

[Anni regum Angli 20] The warre of Bauarie beganne, in whiche Cesar, [The yere of the worlde 5465] [The yere of Christ 1504] Maximilian defended the princes of Bauarie, agaynste Philyp erle Palatine of Rhine, and his sonne Duke Ro¦bert, who because he had maryed the doughter of Georg Duke of Bauarie latelye deceased, made claime to that Duchye, But continuing the time of this warre, he en∣ded his life, and thē was a peace concluded betwene his father and the emperour.

[Anni regum Angli 21] Philippe the Archduke of Burgoyne, [The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ 1505] the emperoure Maximilians son, as he sailed into S••ayn to take posses¦sion of the kingdome of Castile that fell to hys wife and hym by the deathe of Elisabeth, the wyfe of Ferdinande was driuen by force of ••empest to land in Englād, wher he was honourablie receyued of king Henrye, and then deparied on his iordey toward Spayne.

Elisabeth the quene of Polonie ended her life, which was a woman of great noblenesse, doughter to a kynge wife to a kinge, and mother to diuers kynges,

Santes Pagninu, a great Hebric••y, Leonicenus Gat¦tinaria▪ Caballus and Optatus phisicions,

Niphus Iacobus Faber, Stapulensis, & Pigius philo∣sophers, Petrus Bembus, and diuers other lerned men were famous.

Al the inhabitantes of Granade were eyther forced to

receyue thefayth of Christ, or to forsake the land.

The Sophie of Persia, vanquished, chased and slewe the Turkes.

[The yere of the worlde 5467] [The yere of Christ 1506] The Genoways forsoke the dominion of Lewis king of Fraunce. [Anni regum Angli 22]

Iulius bishop of Rome toke the citee Bononie.

A mariage concluded betwene Charles Archduke of Austriche, prince of Castile, and Marye the doughter of king Henry of England.

The famous clerke Reuchline restored again the know¦la ge of the hebrew tongue.

[The yere of the worlde 1468] [The yere of Christ 1507] Philip king of Castile payed his debt to Nature. [Anni regum Angli]

Lewis king of Fraunce by agrement receyued again the citee of Geane.

Maximilian the emperour beganne the cru••l and long warre agaynste the Uenecians. In time whereof were soughten many blouddy battailes, and diuers great mu¦tacions and chances hapned. At the first Lewis kynge of France ayded the Uenecians, but after he forsoke thē and went to Maximilian, contrarye wise Iulian byshop of Rome first fauoured Maximilian, and after tourned to the Uenecians. By this warre the Ueneciās lost ma¦nye of their chiefe citees.

[The yere of the worlde 1469] [The yere of Christ 1508] The citee of Constantinople was shaken with most ter¦rible erthquakes innumerable houses and towers wer cast to the grounde, [Anni regum Angli 24] and chiefely the palaice of the great Turke, in so much that he was forced to flee to an other place, many of the people were destroyed with tempest.

Charles duke of Gelria renued his warre with the em¦perour, and inuaded the Brabansois.

Ismael Sophie, king of Persie, Armenie, and Hir••ania became christened, and vanquished the turkes in diuers great battailes.

The noble king Henry the .vii, ended his life at Rich¦mount the .xxi, [The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ 1509] day of Aprill.

THe renowm••d prince Henry the ••ight being .xviii yeres of age succeded his father in the gouernāce of this realme, [Anni regum Angli] & reygned in great fame and noble¦nesse .3••. yeres. Of personage he was ••aule and mygh∣tie▪ in witte and memory excellent, of such maiesty tem∣pered

with huma••itie and gentylnesse, as was comly in so great a prynce. In konwlege of good letters he farre passed all kinges of Englande before this time. For his magni••ice & liberalitie he was renowmed throughe all the worlde. In his time was great alteracion of thinges within this realm. For he reformed and altered the state of the commō weale ••n many thinges by making diuers most honest and godly lawes, to the great profite as wel of hym selfe as of hys people. He abolyshed the vsurped power of the byshop of Rome. He redressed the state of re¦ligion, diminished supersticion and idolatry, ••orbade pil∣gremage, pulled downe abbeys and monasterys, and ro¦ted out the sedicious sectes of religion, which maintened false woorshipping of god, and greatly aduanced and set foorth the true knowlege of goddes woorde and al other honest learnynges and sciences. He fonded .ii. colleges, one at Oxenforde, an other at Cambridge, and set vp dy¦uers free scholes in other partes of the realme·

The knowledge of good letters by continuall warres beyng neglected and driuen out of Italy, encreased gr••t¦ly in Germany, Fraunce, England and Scotlande. For augmenting and furthering wherof, Margaret the kin∣ges grandmother builded .ii. coll••ges in Cambridge. In like maner Wylliam byshop of Lincolne, and Rycharde of Winchester builded .ii. other in the vniuersitie of O••∣enforde. of the which one is called Brusennose, the other Cor••s Christi college.

Kynge Henrye maryed the lady Katherine late wyfe to his brother Arthur, hauingthe dispēsacio•• of Leo bishop of Rome, but not without great murmuring of the Car¦dinalles and dyuers learned men of other realme.

Lewys king of Fraunce vanquished the Uenecians, toke the cities Brixia, Bergamū, Crema, and Crem••na and subdued theim to his dominions.

Maximilian recouered from the Uenecians, Uerona, Padua, Teruisium, and diuers other townes and cities

Dyuers ambassadours came to kinge Henry of Eng¦lande.

The citie of Pise was brought in subiection to the U••¦necians.

Iulius byshop of Rome, by force of armes toke Rauen¦na, Imola, Fauēcia, Forliui and other possessions of the churche, which were witholden by the Uenecians.

The byshoppe of Rome beyng reconciled to the Uene∣cians, [The yere of the worlde 5471] [The yere of Christ 1510] toke Mutina and Mirandula, [Anni regum Angli 2] which he restored to Frances Picus lorde of that citie.

Ioachim Marques of Brandenburge, toke all the Ie∣wes within his dominion, of the whiche .38. were br••nt, and .ii. beheaded, beceuse thei martyrised the sacrament•• of the aulter.

Empson and Dudley, whiche in the time of king Hen∣rie the .vii▪ had been great rulers, were put to deathe to stoppe the murmuryng and grudg of the people against theim.

Bugia in Afrike was conquered of the Spaniardes.

The famous and gret lerned man maister Erasmus of Roterodame, flourished, by whose benefyte and diligēce as wel diuine knowlege, as al other good learning was marueilusly furthered and augmented.

The woorshipfull clerke doctour Collete, whiche buil∣ded the fre schole of Paules in Londō, liued at this time and by his diligent preaching, first beganne to open the slouthfulnes and negligence of the clergy of this realme in those daies.

A sedicion at Ertford in Germany, by occasion wherof great displeasure was kendled, betweene the byshoppe of Mens, and Friderich Duke of Saxonie, in so much that the matyer was lyke to haue been decyded by d••nte of swoorde, had not the emperours auctoritie stopped their rage.

Henry, the first sonne of kynge Henry the eyghte was borne on newe yeres day••, for ••oie wherof a great iustes was kept at Westminster, and on S. Mathewes day fo∣lowyng the childe dyed.

Kynge Henrye of England sent the lorde Darsy, [Anni regum Angli 3] wyth a goodly company of men into Spaine, [The yere of the worlde 5472] [The yere of Christ] to ayde the king his father in law against the Moores, but ere he arriued a peace was concluded betwene theim, wherfore shortly after he retourned home againe.

The same time sir Edward Poyninges (accompanied

with the lorde Cly••ton and dyuers other) was s••nt into Gelderlande with .xv.C. archers, to ayde to ••rynce of Castile, at the requ••st of Margaret Duches of Sauoy & regent of Flaunders.

Sir Edmunde Hawarde and lorde Thomas Haward toke Andrewe Barton, and .150. Scotes, with .ii. greate shyppes.

The citie Bononie forsoke the byshoppe of Romes do∣minion.

The king of Scottes required his ships that were late¦ly taken to be restored accordynge to the leage. But an¦swere was made by kinge Henry, that the mattyer per∣teined nothing to the league, because that Andrew Bar¦ton, was a pyrate and robber on the seas.

The .xv. daye of Ianuarye was a parlyamente, in the whiche two fiftenes and two dismes of the clergye, were graunted to ayd the kinge in his warres, that he enten∣ded against the French kinge.

By the auctoryty of the emperour and the french king a counsai••e was indicted at Pise, which was after trans∣ferred to Myllaine.

The lorde Marques Dorset (with dyuers other lordes and knightes) was sent of king Hēry into Spaine, [Anni regum Angli 4] [The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ 1512] with an armye of .13••00. men, who (a good parte of the sum∣mer) dyd much harme in Gutan by spoiling the countrei but in the winter he retourned by menes of a 〈◊〉〈◊〉, whi∣che chansed amon ge his men.

Sir Edwarde Hawarde admyrall of England, with a great nauy scoured the seas, and then went toward Bry¦taine.

The citie Briria gaue vp to the Uenecians, which was shortly after recouered and dispoyled by the Frenchmen and the Uenecians beaten and slayne. At the same t••me was Rauenna robbed and pilled. On easter day a great battaile was foughten nere to Rauenna, bytweene the Frenche kinge and the byshop of Rome, in which the by¦shops armye was dyscomfited, and .160••0, of his souldy∣ours slaine.

Kynge Henry sent foorth a nauie of .xxv. ships, among the whiche the regent a ship royall was chiefe.

Not onely all partes of Europe was disquyeted wyth the warres of the Uenecians, but also the countreis of A¦sia, Per••y, and Armeny were vexed with most cruel and deadly warres, wherin the hethen tyrannes infe••ted ech other withall crueltie, for Selinus the Turke e••pelled his father out of his kyngdome withal his brothers an, knismen, and after dyuers gret battailes, vanquysshed chased and slew two Souldaines, and annexed A••gypte and Araby to his kingdome.

Sir Edwarde Hawarde, lorde admirall of Englande, throughe his to muche hardnesse was slaine in Britaine after whō his borth••r sir Thomas Haward, was made admyrall by the king.

The nauyes of England & Fraunce meting at Britain Bay, fought a cruell battaile, in the whiche the regent of Englād & a Carike of France beinge crapeled together were burnte, and their capitaines & men al drowned, the Englyshe capitaine was sir Thomas Kn••ue•• who had with him .700. men in the French Carik was sir Piers Morgan with .900.

A parliament was holden, wherin i•• was determined that the kinge hym selfe, shoulde personally inuade the realme of Fraunce.

Warre betwene the Polonians and Mosconites.

Kyng Henry of Englande, [Anni regum Angli] beyng confederate with the emperour and the kinge of Spaine, [The yere of the worlde 5474] [The yere of Christ 1513] passed with a great power into France, where hauing in wages vnder his banner the emperour Maximilian, and all the nobilitye of Brabante, Flaunders and Hollande, he discomfited and abashed the whole power of France, and conquered Terwine and the great city of Turney, whiche is saied to haue in i•• as many towers as ••her be days in the yere In this citie the kinge builded a goodly castell or tower, with excedyng costes, and kepte ther a garrison certaine yeres after.

The lord Chamberlayne of Scotlande, inuadinge the borders was discomfited by sir Wylliam Bulmer.

In this meane time the kyng of Scottes, notwithstan∣dyng that he was sworne on the sacramēt to kepe peace, perced this land with a mighty armye, but by the good

diligence of the quene, and the pollicy & manh••de of the Erle of Surrey the kinges lieuetenāt, he was him selfe slayne, with a .xi. of his Erles, and the Scottes discomfi¦ted, but not without great losse of Englyshemen.

Sir Iohn Wallop burnt diuers villages & townes in Normandye.

[Anni regum Angli 6] A peace concluded betwene Englād and Franc••, and on S. Denis day was Lewys the French king coupled in mariage with ladye Mary the kinges sister, [The yere of the worlde 5475] [The yere of Christ 1514] on newe yeres day folowinge, he ended his lyfe, wherfore kynge Henry sent agayne for his sister by th•• ••uke of Suffolke and other.

Rycharde Hunne this yeere was h••••ged in Lollars tower.

Frauncis the first of that name, [The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ 1515] succeded in the kyng¦dome of France. [Anni regum Angli 7] This man is grea••ly praysed of al wri¦ters in those dayes, for his singular humanitee & fauou¦ring of learned men. He maynteyned the warres which king Lewis had begunne, and alied him with the Du∣kes of Gelrie, Leigie and Burgoyne, which did him due homage. He would also haue ben confederate wyth the bishop of Rome, but he fayled of his purpose, for shortly after betwene the bishop of Rome, themperour the king of Spayne, the Swi••zers, and other was made a pri••ye league and confederacie agaynst the Frenchmen & Ue¦necians.

Lady Marye kinge Henries doughter, was borne at Grenewiche.

Lady Mary the kinges sister before maryed to the fren∣che king▪ retourned into Englād, and shortly after was maryed to the duke of Suffolke.

A great battayle foughten betwene the Switzers and the Frenchemen, in the which the frenche kinge was in so great dāger, that the brayne of his owne men sper••led in his face, and him selfe was t••rise striken with a spere but in the ende of the f••ght, by helpe of the Uenecians & other whiche came in good season, the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 were discomfited and slayne, and the citee of Mill••yne yelded to the french kinge.

An horrible sedicion in Hungary by a company of soul∣diours,

and robbers, that had the signe of the crosse for theyr badge and cognisaunce, which minded to destro•• al the nobilite and gentlemen.

Brixta ge••••n vp by composicion to the frenchmen. A peace concluded betwene the ••mper••ur, the kinges of Fraunce and Spayne, and the Uenecians wherby that cru••ll warre cease••.

A solemne met••••g at Uienna, of the emperour, the king of Polonie, and of Hungarye whiche by maryage we••e confederate

Margaret the quene of Scottes, king Henries elder sy∣ster fled into England, & la••e at Hareb••ttell, where she was deliuered of a childe called Margarete. In Maye she came to London, where she taryed a hole yere before she departed into Scotland.

[The yere of the worlde 5477] [The yere of Christ 1516] This yere was so great frost in England that men might esely passe with cartes ouer the riuer of Thames from Westminster to Lambeth. [Anni regum Angli 8]

Mathewe bishop of S••donon and cardinall of Swy∣shes, came as Ambassadour from the emperour to king Henry.

Charles Arch duke of Austrich, was ordeyned king of Spayne.

On May euen in the citee of Londō, [Anni regum Angli 9] was an insurrecti¦on of prent••les and yong persons agaynste straungers, [The yere of the worlde 1478] [The yere of Christ 1517] of which diuers were put to execu••ion, and the resydue came to Westminster with halters aboute their neckes and were pardoned. This is named ill May daye.

Lady Marg••ret the kinges sister returned into Scot∣land.

Iohannes Frauncis Picus of Mirandula, a knight of excellent 〈◊〉〈◊〉 and learning was famous, and in the pre¦sence of Leo bishop of Rome, made a vehement oracy∣on, exhortinge him to refourme the vicious & noughtye li••e of the clergy.

Many dyed in England of the sweating sicknesse and especially about London.

Lewys about this time succeded his father in the king¦domes of Hungary and Boheme.

A great famine and pestilence in many places.

The terme kept one daye at Oxenford, and adiourned agayne to Westminster.

The cardinall Camp••ius, the bishops legate, came frō Rome in ambassade to king Henry, and was receyued with great pompe by meanes of the cardinal of Englād

Thomas W••lsay, which was then of great auctoryty in this realme.

The admirall of Fraunce came into England as am∣bassadour, with a great cōpany of gentilmen. The citee of Turney was deliuered agayn into the french kinges handes, for the which he should paye .60000••. crownes, and for the castell that the kinge had buylded .40••000. and .23000. poundes, Turneys, which the cite ought for their libertees and francheses.

A peace concluded betwene the kinges of Englande Fraunce and Castile for terme of their liues.

The Spaniardes vanquished, [The yere of the worlde 5479] [The yere of Christ 1518] chased and slewe Aeno∣barbus, with his brother in Afrike. [Anni regum Angli 10]

A sedicion in Pannonie, by meanes of the bishoppe of Uesbrune.

The emperour held a counsayle at Auguste.

Selinus the great Turke, after he had with continual and blouddye warre conquered Egipt Syrie, Phenecia Palestine, Coele, and chased out of Arm••nie the king of Persie, as a sodayne tempeste or storme retourned into Europe, and besieged the citee Belgradum, or Tauro∣durum.

Martine Luther wrate first to Leo bishop of Rome cō¦cerning the vse of pardons, and in certayne priuate dis¦putacions called in doubt diuers thinges cōcerning the bishops primacy, for whiche after he was troubled, and lastly proclaimed an heretike, vnder the defence & mayn¦tenaunce of Friderike duke of Sa••onie, he preached & wrate agaynst his power. All Germanye soone after for¦soke the byshoppe of Rome, and so was the hole state of religion by his meanes altered among them.

Philippe Melanc••on and Pomerane men of excel∣lent learninge, but infected with the p••stylente heresies

of Luther wrate sondrye workes agaynst ••he catholyke doctrine,

The emperour Maximilian ended his life, after whō was chose by y^e princes electours of Germany, [The yere of the worlde 1480] [The yere of Christ 1519] [Anni regum Angli 11] Charles the ▪v, Duke of Austrich and Burgoyne, king of Spaine and nephew to Maximilian, betwene him and the fren∣che king the warre was re••ued.

Trouble in Ireland wherfore the erle of Kildare was discharged of his office ••••••eputye, and the erle of Sur∣rey sent thither, who brought the erle of Desmount and other to good confirmitee and order.

Huld••r••cus duke of Wittenberge was ••xpelled out of his heritage.

Solemannus, the .xii. emperour of the Turkes, suc∣ceded his father Seuinus, and subdued Gazelles which rebelled in Syrie.

As kinge Henry was at Canturbury with the quene in a redinsse to haue passed the sea, [The yere of the worlde 1481] [The yere of Christ 1520] [Anni regum Angli 12] he harde of the empe∣rours coming, with whom he mette at Douer & accom∣panied him to Canturbury, where after the emperoure had saluted the qu••ene his aunte he toke shippinge into Flaunders.

King Henry passed ouer to Calis, and mette with Frā¦cis the Frenche kinge at th•• campe betweene Arde and Guynes, wher was great triumphes, and many goodly sightes, in so sumptuous maner as the like had not bene sene. Immediatly after he met with the emperour with whom he went to Grauelin, and the emperour returned with him to Calia where he had gret chere and feasting after which time they de parted and king H••nry retour¦ned in••o the realme.

The emperours souldiours gatte the towne of Mew∣zon, [The yere of the worlde 5482] [The yere of Christ 1521] [Anni regum Angli 13] and besieged the noble cit••es of Messiers & Turney

The french king toke the towne and castel of Heding from the Burgonians.

The admiral of Fraunce toke the towne of Fontraby in Bis••ay.

The towne and castel of Turney was yelded to the em¦perour.

The Duke of Buckyngham was beheaded at London the .xvii. daye of May.

The cardinall of England went ouer the sea to entreat a peace betwen the emperour, and the French king. At Bruges he communed with the emperour, and at Cales consulted with the Frēch ambassadours tyll December But he brought nothing to passe.

Lewys king of Hungary maried Mary the emperour Charles sister, and Ferdinand Duke of Austrich the em¦p••rours brother, toke to wife Anna the syster of Lewy•• th•• forenamed kinge of Hungary.

Warre betwene Leo byshop of Rome and the French kinge, the byshops souldyers wanne Myllayne from the Frenchemen.

In the assemble that was holdē at Wormacia the prin∣cis electours and other princes of Germany, expounded diligently to the emperour the dyuers and sundrie bour∣deins, wher with that countrey was charged by the see and clergye of Rome, and proposed to him well nere an 110. artycles.

The excellent clerke Bude••s, Zasius, Alciatus, Pirc∣kaimerus. Peutingerus gret lawiers, Cop••s, Linaker the Englysheman, M••nardus, Brisso••us, Massa phisicy∣ons, Tonstall byshop of Durham, Moore, Rychard pace Polydore Uergil, Oecolampadius, Zuinglius, Hutten Capio, Egnacius, P••llicane, Uadian Scepe••us, Mosel∣lanus, Cord••s E••ricius, & many other mē of great lear¦nyng were famous in these daies.

The Frenchmen robbed the Englysh marchantes and other the kinges subiectes on all pa••tes of the sea.

Solemanne the great Turke, conque••ed the citye B••l∣grade, the moste sure and stronge Garrison of the Chry∣stians.

The Frenche king attached the Englyshmens goodes at Burdeau••, and deteyned the kynges 〈◊〉〈◊〉, and the Frenche Queenes dower.

The Genoways ••elded theim to the emperour, and for¦soke the Frenche kinge.

All F••enchmen were attached in the cytie of London, and cast in prison.

The cardinall rode through London to Douer to mete with the emperour, beynge accompanied with .ii. Erles xxxvi. knyghtes. an. 100. gentylmen .viii. byshoppes .x, abbo••es, [The yere of the worlde 5443] [The yere of Christ 1522] thirtye chapelleines all in veluet and satin, [Anni regum Angli 14] and 700. y••men.

Charles the .v. emperour of Rome came into England, and was honorably receiued into London by the Maier, the aldermen and commons of the cytie, the kynge hym self accompaniyng hym, from th••ns he went to Wynd∣sore, and satte in the stall of the Garter. After great fea∣styng, ••ustes, & honorable interteinment, he departed to Hampton, and sailed from thens into Spaine, During•• this time the Erle of Surrel, lorde admyrall, brent Mor∣les in Britaine, and than retourned into the realme. Not longe after hauing an armye appoincted to hym by the kinge, he passinge ouer to Caleys, perced Picardye, and brent dyuers townes and castels. He besieged Hesdynge but because winter dr••we nere, he raised his siege and re¦tourned home.

The Duke of Albanie beganne to enter this land with a great armye, but whan he harde that the Erle of Shre¦usbury was comyng to geue him bataile, he toke a truce for .vi. monethes and departed.

A pestilence in Rome, whiche consumed an. 100. thou∣sande.

Leo the tenth, byshop of Rome dyed, not without suspi∣cion of poisonyng. After whom succeded Adrian one yere who was in lyke maner poysoned.

The lorde Rosse and lorde Da••res of the Northe, bur∣ned the towne of Kelse•• in Scotland, with fourescore vil∣lages, and ouerthrew eyghtene towers of stone, withall their bulwarkes.

The emperours souldiours wan Gean from the fren∣chemen, and the war continued cruelly betwene the em¦perour and the Frenche kynge

The emperour Charles, king Henry of England Fer∣dinande Duke of Austrich, the byshop of Rome, the cyti•• of Uenice▪ and dyuers other in Italye, were confederate against the Frenchemen.

The Turke besieged Rhodes, and on Chrystmas day•• toke it.

The lorde Marques Dorset warden of the Easte Mar∣ches, ••rent dyuers villages, holdes and other places in Scotlande.

The citie of Myllaine was dexed with a sore pestilence, [The yere of the worlde 5484] [The yere of Christ] wherof dyed .50. thousande within the space of .iiii. mo∣nethes. [Anni regum Angli 15]

Christierne kyng of Denmarke, and his wyfe Isabell (beyng driuen out of his realmes by his vncle Friderike Duke of Hoiste, and his owne subiectes, for his notable crueltie•• (ame into England, and were honorably recey∣ued and interteined of the kynge.

Sharpe warre and often skyrmyshes betwene the bor∣derers of Englande, Scotlande and Fraunce.

The Erle of Surrey brente .37. villages in Scotlande, and haried the countrei frō the east marches to the weast and ouerthrew dyuers holdes and castelles.

The Frenche king prepared a great army to send int•• Italye against the Duke of Myllaine.

The Duke of Suff. with many other lordes and knigh∣tes, was sent this yere into France by king Henry, with an armye of. 10000. men who passing the water of Sone without battaile, toke diuers townes and castels, and de¦stroyed the countrey before him, in December he retour¦ned againe into England.

The Erle of Surrey brent Iedworth in Scotland, and toke dyuers holdes.

The Duke of Albanye besieged the castell of Warke, and had in a redinesse a great army to inuade England. But whā he had knowlage, that the Erle of Surrei was coming against him, he cowardly fled and gaue back in to Scotlande.

The emperour recouered the towne of Fountraby.

Clement the .vii. a florentyne borne was ordeyned bys∣shoppe of Rome, and toke parte wyth the Frenchemen.

Intreatie w••s made by the Queene of Scottes for an abstinence of warre.

In the kingdome of Granade diuers citees were s••al∣lowed and in Naples was so great tempestes of wynde, ray••e, & thunder, that many toweres, great places, and

myghtie bygge trees were ouerthrowen and cas••e to the grounde.

The souldiours of Guines toke a great booty at a faire in the towne of Marguysan, and sir Robert Ierninghā, and certaine dimilances of Caleis, toke dyuers French∣men prisoners.

The lorde of Campher and other came from the empe∣rour to king Henry. [The yere of the worlde 5485] [The yere of Christ 1524] [Anni regum Angli 16]

The byshop of Dunkell and other ambassadours came out of Scotlande.

A legate came from the byshoppe of Rome to entreat a peace betwene Englande and Fraunce.

Sharpe warre betweene the marches of England and Fraunce.

Sir Rau••••fe a Fanwike, Leonarde Musgraue, and Ba¦starde Heron were slaine in Scotland by to much hardi∣nesse in pursuyng their ennemyes, at whiche tyme .300. Scottes were taken prisoners by the Englishemen.

The Duke of Burbon made sharpe warre on the Fren¦che kynges dominions, and dyd many enterprises.

The French kinge passed with a great army into Ita∣lye, wher he besieged Paule, & shortly after was encoun¦tred by the emperours army, and of theim vanquisshed, and him selfe taken prisoner, frō thens he was conueigh¦ed into Spaine to the emperour, wher after certaine con¦dicions of peace agreed vpon betwene theim, he was de¦liuered.

Great triumphe and ioy in Englande for taking of the Frenche kinge.

The cardinal obteyned lycence of the byshop of Rome, to suppresse dyuers abbaies to the entent to erect two col¦leges, one at Oxenforde, an other at Ipswiche, and to in∣due theim with the landes, whiche colledges he began so sumptuouslye, tha•• it was not lyke they woulde come to good ende.

Kynge Henry was lyke to haue been drowned by lea∣ping ouer a dich in folowyng his hauke nere to Abindō.

A great and horrible insurrection in Germany, of the rude and vplandyshe people, [The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ 1525] whiche dwelled in Alsacia, [Anni regum Angli 17] Suaue, Francia, Thuring and the countreis about the

riuer Rhine, whiche commocion was suppressed by the great power & strength of the princes. In ••o muche that within litell more than .iii. monethes, an hundred thou∣sand of that vplandishe people were slayne li••e beast••s, by the iust iugemēt of god. Furthermore one surnamed Sapherus wrate .xii. articles, whiche he entiteled of Christian libertee, among the which this was the chiefe That tributes ought not to be payd to princes▪ Throughe thys doctryne to atteyne liberte, men suppose that the gretest parte of that people was stered to rebel againste the ma¦gistrates.

In Mulhause•• a towne of Thuring, was a preacher named Monetarius, which taught openly that he would reforme the state of the church, and made his auant pry¦u••lye, that reuelacions were shewed to him by god, and that the sworde of Gedeon was committed to him, to o∣uerthrow the tirannie o•• the impious. He led out greate companies, commaunding them to spoile and robbe mo¦nasteries, and the places of great men. But wh••le the vnrulye people were scater••d and disceuered without or¦dre, the princes of Saxonie sodenlyoppressed theym and toke their capitaines, whom they put to worthy punish∣ment. This Monetarius was the first auctour of the dy¦uelishe sect and heresy of the Anapabtistes, which longe time after vexed Germanye, and is not yet all tog••th••r extinguyshed.

Coyne was enhaunsed in England.

A murmuring in al partes of the realme for paimēt of mony. [Anni regum Angli 18] [The yere of the worlde 5487] [The yere of Christ 1526] And in Suff. 4000. men arose against the duke and other commissioners, which were appeased by the duke of Northfolke and other.

A truce betw••ne England and Fraunce for a certain space and ambassadours, were sent into Denma••ke for restoring of their kinge, but the Danes wold graunt no¦thing, they did hate him so extremely for his cruel••••e. A peace betwene Englande ande Scotlande, for .iii. mo∣nethes.

Doctour Barnes a f••ier Augustine, bare a faggot be∣fore the cardinall in Paules.

Great death in London.

Frauncis the Frenche kinge was sette at liberty by the emperour vpon diuers con••icions, whiche he sware to perfourme, but after he reuoked his othe and sayd, he was forced therto, or elles he should neuer haue b••ne d••¦lyuered.

The emperour after the french kinges delyueraunce gaue to Charles duke of Burbon the whole Duchye of Millayne, on condicion to paye 4000. ducates, and find a certayne numbre of souldiours yerely.

Solemannus, the great Turke inuaded Hungarie, and spoyled the citee Buda. With whom•• Lewys the kynge and Paule Tomorus bishop of Coleine, encoūtred in a great battaile, and were of him vanquished and slayne, with a great nomb••e of christian people.

Ferdinand Archduke of Austrich was chosen kinge of Hungarie and Boheme.

Charles maried Isabell the kinges sister of Por∣tugall.

Uariance betwene the byshop of Rome and the house of Columnensis.

The bishop of Rome, the Ueneciās, and diuers citees of Italy proclaymed warre agaynst the emperoure & by their intisement the french king was moued to warre, agayne vpon the emperour. In so muche that the empe¦rours souldiours toke the towne and castel of Myllayne and sh••wed such crueltie towarde the citesins that they were in mind to haue forsaken their citee, the confedera¦tes of Italy required to haue king Henry as protectour of their league, but he chose rather to be an indifferēt in treater of peace betwene the two partyes.

[The yere of the worlde 5488] [The yere of Christ 1527] A proclamacion published in England agaynst al vn¦lawful games, as Dice, Cardes, and Boules, [Anni regum Angli 19] which con¦tinued not long in effecte.

The emperours souldiours toke the cite of Rome, spoy∣led itand besiged the bishop Clement with his cardynal¦les in the Mounte Adrian. from whens he coulde not be dimissed by any meanes, vntil he agreed with his souldi¦ours, notwithstanding that the emperour Charles him selfe, being than in Spaine, and fearing the thund••rbolt

of excommunication (which the souldiours nothing re∣garded) did ex••use him selfe by letters, that he knewe not of that his men had done, and therfore willed the bishop to be sette at lib••rtee.

Don H••go de Mendosa, a great man borne in Spaine came toking Henrie as ambassadour frō the emperour.

The bishop of Tarbe, the Uisecount of Torayne, and Antony Uescy seconde presidente of Paris, came in am∣bassade to the king out of Fraunce. Ambassadours also came from the king of Hungary desiring ayde agaynst the Turke.

The cardinall of Englande went with great pompe into Fraūce, where he concluded a leage betwene kinge Henry of England and the Frenche king, whiche bothe by the cardinalles meanes, sent their defiance to the em¦perour, and a strong army into Italye to deliuer the by∣shop, and driue the emperours power out of y^• countrey The great maister of Frāce came to Londō with great triumph, for the conclusion of the forenamed league. The emperou••s sonne of Tartarie, with great puisāce inuaded Pannonie, but in the ende he was vanquished and taken.

This yere were sene .iii. sonnes, which in some places wer•• included with a double rainbow.

Arthur Biln••i, Geffray Lome, and Garret were abi••¦red by the cardinall, for speakinge agaynst the bishop of Romes auctoritee.

The citee Gean, was brought to the French kinges do¦minion.

Lord Lawdrike, and the French kinges souldyours, toke and spoyled Pauie

Ferdinand made warre vpō a noble man of Hungary named U••auoyda, and toke from him diue••s castels & townes.

Charles the emperour made open protestacion diuers times before the kinges heraldes of England & France, that what soeuer was done in Italye by his souldioures agaynst the bishoppe, was contrary to his wil and com¦maundement.

Lord Lawdrike, capitayn of the french kynges armye

in Italye, in takinge the towne of Melffe, loste ten thou∣sand men.

Open hostilitee & warre betwene the kinges of Eng∣lande and France, and the emperour. And the marchan¦tes and ships of all partes were arested.

[The yere of Christ 1528] Corne was very deare in England and had bene mu••che dearer, [The yere of the worlde 5489] [Anni regum Angli 20] had not bene the good prouision of the mar∣chantes of the Stilyarde, and an abstinance of warre be¦twene England and Flaunders.

Charl••s Duke of G••lders inuaded Holland and was discomfited by the lord Isilsteine, whom Ladye Marga∣ret ••egent of the countre sent agaynst him.

The famous and excellent clerke Iohannes Reucline ended his lyfe, by whose great learning and diligēce the knowlage of the .iii. tonges, and especially Hebrew was agayne restored to the world,

On S. Denis day a legate came from Rome to kynge Henry.

The sweating sickenesse raged in diuers partes of E••¦land.

The emperour sente the Duke of Brunswike with a great puisance into Italye. The Millanours were styll miserablie oppressed by the emperours soul••iours. The Duke of Brunswike tooke the citee of Pauie, whyche shortly after was taken agayne by the frenchemen & the walles beaten downe. E••treme warre, pestilence, and fa¦mine in all Italy. Aboue .2400••. of the Frenche armye, that besyeged Naples, dyed of the pes••ilence, beside the most parte of all theyr horses and beastes, so that there was not lest passing .v. thousand men in all.

In this yere in the moneth of Iune the legates satte at the blacke friers in London concerning the kinges ma∣riage & diuorsemēt from the princesse Dowagier which had bene his bro••hers wife. [The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ] [Anni regum Angli 21]

In October the cardinall was deposed from the chan¦cellourship of England.

Ferdinande of Hungary recouered many places whi¦che before were taken from him by the Turke, & expul¦s••d out of the realme his enemy Iohn Uuauoyda, which making claime to the crowne of Hungary, fl••d for ayde

to the Turkes.

The Frechemen and Uenecians wente with an army of .40000. men t•• ••ubdue Naples, vpon whom the em¦perous souldiours came sodeinly in the night and slewe of theim a great noumber, and afte••warde in plaine bat¦taile discomfited th••ir wh••le power, wherwith the fren¦che kyng beyng greatly moue•• sent a nauy into Spaine whiche spoyled the countrey, but in the ende they were all well nere taken and slaine.

The Turke (in the quarell of Uuauoyda) pe••ced Hun∣gary with a terible puisāce, hauing in his army .250000 fighting men, and exercised towarde the inhabytauntes most extreme cruelty, for some thei berefte of their ••ight some thei rent and mangled in diuers pieces, cutting of their noses, eares, handes, armes, priuye membres and other partes of theyr bodies, Uirgines in most dishon••st wyse they rauyshed, of other women the pulled of the pappes, and openyng their wombes, whiche were great with chylde, burned the yonge babes. Afterwarde he be∣sieged Uienna, a citie of Austrich, and assayled the same very cruellye, twenty tymes he came to the walles, and styll by the Christians was expel••ed, and driuen back. In fine aboute the Idus of October, by the manhode, wyse••dome and pollicy of Philip Erle Palatine of Rhine, and the Duke of Bauary, whiche were there as soueraygne capitain••s, the Turkes were faine to retourn into their countrey, with the losse. of .60. thousande souldiours.

A synode holden at Marsburge, where communicacion was had betwene Luther, Melancton, O••••olampadius, Zuinglius, for an agreement concerning the sacramen¦tes, whiche controuersye had caused great varyaunce a∣monge the preachers of Germanye, at whiche tyme the mattier was not concluded, because the sweatyng sicke∣nesse that raged sore in that citie, dissolued the counsaile.

A great famine and derth in Uenice and the countrey ther about, wherof a gret noumbre dyed for lacke of su∣stinaunce.

Geane in the tyme of a great pestilence was recouered from the Frenchemen, by the emperours souldiours. Wylliam Tindale fyrst translated the new Testament

into Englyshe,

The sweatyng sickenesse vexed Brabante, and a great part of Germiane, wherof very many dyed and especial¦ly in Antwarpe, wher in thre dayes space it consumed .v hundred persons.

A peace was agreed vpon betwene king Henry of Eng¦land, the emperour, the Frenche kinge, the king of Bo∣heme and Hungary, and Clement the byshop of Rome▪ for the conclusion wherof and the deliuerance of his chil¦dren, the Frenche kinge was bounde to pay to Charles the emperour .20. hundred thousande crownes, besyde dyuers other condicions.

Fraunces Sfortia was restored to his Duchye of Mil¦laine & paied therfore to the emperour .900000. crownes

The cardynal was cast in a premunire, & forfayted all his landes and goodes to the kyng••.

A parliament begon at Westmynster, wherin a refor∣macion was taken for dyuers enormitees vsed of the spi¦ritualtie, as probates of testamētes, mortuaries, plura∣litie of benefices, none residence, bying, sellyng, and ta∣king of benefices by spyrituall persones. &c. also the loan of money borowed in the .xv. yeere of the kinge was re∣leases.

The emperoure Charles, with great solemnitye, [Anni regum Angli 22] was crowned with the imp••riall Diademe by Clement the .7 byshop of Rome, [The yere of the worlde 5461] [The yere of Christ] at Bonony, after whiche time he went to Augusta in Germanie▪ wher was holden a counsaile for preparacion of Warre against the Turke, and for a∣grement of mattiers in Almaine.

Iustus Ionas, Breucins, Urbanus Rhegyus, Mart, Bucere, and dyuers other, with their ••rechyng and wri¦tyng sowed the sedes of heresy in Germany.

Ripa, Shlamonius, Stella, famous lawyers, Falco, Ionius, Ruellius, Cornarius, Fuchsius, phisiciōs, Sar¦zorus. Zieglerus. Oroutius, Apianus, Munsterus, exc••l¦••ent in the quadriuialles, Urbanus Hessus, Uidas, Ursi¦nus, Glarean, Sapidus, poetes, Pa••lus Riccius, Rhe∣nanus, Sadoletus, Gryneus, Uines, Aurogallus, Dole¦tus & other innumerable learned men, and most experte and cunnyng in all sciences, lyued in these dayes, whose

woorkes declare them to the whole worlde.

Commaundment was geuen by kyng Henrie to the ••i∣shops, that Tindalles translation of the new Testament should be called in, and tha•• they shulde see an other sette foorth to the profite of the people.

A great deluge in Brabant, Holland, Selande, and the sea coastes of Flanders, where the waters o•• the sea and other ouerflowed all the countreies. Muche harme was doon also about Rome by the greate risynge of the ryuer Tyber, and vnseasonable tempestes of wyndes.

The wylde Irishemen perceiuyng the ••rle of ••ildare to be in Englande, inuaded his landes and dyuers other countreis. Whe••fore kyng Henry sent thyther the Erle of Klidare and sir Willyam Skeuington, which shortly brought them to good order.

The byshop of ••ondon caused a great noumbre of the new Testamentes of Tyndals translation to be burned.

At Augusta the emperour helde a counsaile of the prin∣cis of Germany, where it was consulted howe to mayn∣tain warre against the Tu••ke, & to haue an vnitie in mat∣ters of religion. Wherevpon the churches of Germanye offred their confession to themperour, but nothynge was doone therin, sauyng that certayne malicious friers toke vppon them to confute those confessions withoute scrip∣ture or reason.

The Cardinall was arested, and on S. Andrewes day dyed at Leycester as he should haue been broughte to the Tower of London.

One boyled in Smithfielde at London for poysonyng.

The Emperour Charles made Ferdinand his brother kyng of Rome. [The yere of the worlde 5492] [The yere of Christ 1531]

[Anni regum Angli 23] A great earthquake wel nere in al Portugall the space of eyght dayes. In the citie of Ulisbone or Luxborne, a thousande foure hundred housen were ouerthrowen, and aboue .600. so shaken, that they were redy to falle. All the churches were caste to the grounde as it were heapes of stones. This earthquake cam (as it were) by fittes seuen or eight tymes in a day, the people forsooke the citie, and went into the fieldes.

A great p••stilence rose by menes of the vapours of this

〈◊〉〈◊〉.

A blasy••ge sterre appeared in Germanie, Italye, and Frau••c•• towarde the wea•••• three weekes togyther in the moneth of Auguste.

The Turke came ag••yne into Hungary entendyng to co••quere Uienna, but he was ouerthrowen by the capi∣taynes that were l••fte in the garrisons, and a great num∣ber of his men taken and slayne.

In the sea coastes of Hollande a fysshe was caste vp by the sea that was in lengthe .68. foote, in the thyckenesse xxx. the yaunyng of his mouthe was .xiii. foote wyde.

In this season were dyuers preachynges in this realme one agaynst an other, concernyng the ••ynges mariage & diuorsement from the lady Katherine.

The frenche kynges mother dyed.

The kyng of Polonie vanquished Uuauoyda and the Ualach••aus.

A battayle was foughten betweene the Tigurines and theyr neyghbours, wherin Zuinglius was slayne.

Kynge Henry beganne to buylde his palaice at West¦minster. [Anni regum Angli 24]

[The yere of Christ 1532] Kyng Henry went ouer the sea to mete with the french kyng, [The yere of the worlde 5493] with whom he went to Bulleyne, and the French kyng came agayne with hym to Caleys, where after fea∣styng and bankettyng, eche toke leaue of other, and retur¦ned to theyr realmes.

The kyng of long tyme had not kept company with the lady Katherine, bycause his mariage was in controuer∣sye, and by dyuers vniuersities and learned men, deter∣mined to be agaynst the lawe of God. Wherefore on S. Erkinwaldes day he maried priuyly the lady Anne Bul∣leyne, whiche on Whitsonday the next yeare folowynge was crouned Quene with great solemnitie.

It was ordeyned by acte of parliament that the kinges subiectes shuld no more paie annates or fyrst fruites, nor susteyne any suche exactions or impositions they hadde before tyme paid to the sea of Rome for consecratyng, ele∣ctyng or geuyng of licences or dispensations: But that they shulde haue all suche thinges within the realme and

sue no further for the same.

King Henry was diuorsed from lady Katherine which had been his brothers wife.

[Anni regum Angli 25] On Mi••somer daie died the Frenche Queene, [The yere of the worlde 5494] [The yere of Christ 1533] wife to the Duke of Suffolke.

Ladie Elizabeth was borne at Grenewiche.

An esquire of Gloucestershyre called William Tracie by one Doctour Parker, the byshop of Worcesters chan¦cellour, was taken out of his graue, and burnte after he had been dead .iii. yeres, because he sayde in his wyll, he wolde haue no funerall pompe at his burieng, neither pas¦sed vpon Masse, and that he trusted in god onely, hopyng in hym to be saued, and by no saincte.

Within the space of these two yeares appeared .iii. bla∣syng sterres in dyuers partes beyonde the sea.

Thaamas Sophie of the P••rsians, nere to Euphrates ouerthrewe the Turkes in a great battayle.

Kyng Henry sente the Duke of Northfolke, the lorde Rocheforde and other in ambassade to the French kyng, as then intendynge to mete with the bysshop of Rome at Nece.

Daily skyrmishing betwene the borderers of England and Scotlande, and yet no warre proclaimed, and many robberies, murders, and s••aughters doone on bothe par∣tes, and althoughe the commissioners of Englande and Scotlande satte at Newcastell entreatyng a truce and a∣mitee, yet the Scottes ceassed not to robbe bothe by land and Sea.

A peace concluded betwene Englande and Scotlande.

The bishop of Romecursed king Henry and the realme of England, bycause of the diuorse from lady Catherin.

Certain m••nkes, friers, and other eu••ll disposed per∣sons, of a diuellyshe entent had put in the heades of many of the kynges subiectes, that they had knowlage by ••e∣uelation of god and his sainctes, that he was highly dis∣pleased with kynge Henry for the diuorsement frome the lady Catherine, and surmised among other thynges, that God had reuealed to a Nunne named Elizabeth Bar••on (whom they called the holye mayde of Kent) that in cas•• ••he kyng proceded to the sayde diuorse, and maried an o∣ther,

he should not be kynge of this realme one moneth after, and in the reputation of god not one day nor houre. This Elisabeth Barton by false dissimulation had often practised and shewed to the people meruaylous alterati∣ons of her visage and other partes of hir body, as she had been rapt or in a traunce, and in those feyned traunces by fals hypocrisie, as thoughe she had been inspired of god, spake many woordes in rebukyng synne, and reprouyng newe opinions, whiche she called heresi••s, and amonge them vttered diuers thinges to the greate reproche of the kyng and the quene, and to the establyshyng of ydolatry, [Anni regum Angli 26] pylgremage, [The yere of the worlde 5495] [The yere of Christ 1534] and false worshippyng of god: for whyche naughtyn••s she was condempned and put to death with certayn of her counsaile, in Aprile.

Woulffe and his wyfe for a shamefull murde•• by them committed in sleayng of two marchant strangers, were arreigned and hang••d at the place where they hadde done the murder.

The Anabaptistes caused great trouble and ruffling in the north partes of Germany, and at the citie Monstere, chusyng to theyr kyng one Iohn a Leyde, exercised much crueltie, expellynge other out of the citie, that would not con••escende to their beleefe. This Iohn a Leyde in to∣ken that he had bothe heauenly and earthly power, gaue to his garde greene and blewe, and had for his armes the figure of the worlde rounde with a sword t••ru•••• through it. He maried hymselfe .xv. wyues, and ordeyned that o∣the•• should haue as many as they listed, and all other thin¦ges to be common amongest theym.

The byshop of Monstere, by the ayde of other princes, besieged the citie against the rebellious Anabaptistes fif∣tene or sixtene monethes. In whiche tyme the stubburne and frowarde people susteyned so great scarcitee and hun¦ger, that they beyng alyue, were lyke dead corses, and did eate commonly dogges, cattes, myce, with other vile bea∣stes, and seathyng hydes, leather, and olde showes, dyd poune the same, and made breade therof. After long siege the citie was wonne, spoyled, and destroyed with great•• crueltie and slaughter of that w••cked people.

Paule the thirde was ordeined byshop of Rome.

Charles the emperour sailed with a great nauie into A¦frike, & restored Altrachenus to the kyngdom of Tunes.

The lorde Dacres of the North was arreigned of high treason, who so wittilye and directlye confuted his accu∣sers, that to theyr great shame he was founde giltlesse.

Frith a yong man of excellent witte and lernyng, was brent in Smithfield for his opinion concernyng the sacra¦ment.

The bishop of Romes vnlawfull tyrannie was vtterly abolisshed out of this realme, and commaundement geuē that he should no more be called pope, but onelye bishoppe of Rome, and that the kynge shoulde be deputed and ta∣ken as a supreme head of the church of Englande, & haue full auctoritie to refourme and redr••sse all errours, here∣sies and abu••es in the same.

The first fruites and tenthes of all spirituall dignitees and promocions were graunted to king Henrie by act of parliament.

The erle of Kildare died inthe tower of London, and his sonne Thomas Fitzgararde rebellynge in Irelande, slew the bishop of Diuelinge, and toke the kynges ordi∣naunce. Wherfore kynge Henrie sent thither sir Wyl∣liam Sk••uington with a companye of souldiours.

[Anni regum Angli 27] Sir Thomas Moore, not longe before chauncellour of Englande, Iohn bishop of Roche••ter, [The yere of the worlde 5496] [The yere of Christ 1535] and three monkes of the charter house were putte to death, for denyinge the king to be sup••eme head of the churche, and mainteinyng the bishop of Romes auctoritee.

An order was appoincted for sanctuaries and sanctua∣rie men, because dyuers naughty persons, trusting to the liberties that before tyme had been vsed, committed ma∣ny detestable murders robberies and other abhominable actes.

Lorde Cromwel was in this tyme in high fauour with the kynge, and bare great rule in this realme.

Ladie Katherine princesse Dowagier ended her lyfein the monethe of Ianuarie, and is buried at Peterborowe.

Willyam Tindale, whiche translated the newe Testa∣ment into the Englishe tonge, by the crueltee of the cler∣gie of Louene was burnte beside Bruxelles in Brabant.

Badurius kyng of Cambaia in Indie, bey••ge ouerset in warre of Aymanus kyng of Carmania, willyngly be¦came tributary to the kyng of Portugall, that he myghte obteyne ayde of hym agaynst his enemy.

At this tyme were geuen to the Kyng by consent of the abbottes, all religious houses that were of .300. marke, and vnder.

[The yere of the worlde 5497] [The yere of Christ 1536] Kyng Henry was agayn diuorsed from the mariage of Lady Anne Bulleyne, as vnlaufull and vngodly, [Anni regum Angli 28] and the sayd lady Anne with her brother George Bulleyne lorde Rocheforde, and Henry Norreis, Frauncis Weston, William Brereton, Marke Smeton, gentilmen of the kynges priuie chamber, shortely after was beheaded for dyuers treasons and naughty actes intended and cōmit∣ted with the sayde gentylmen.

The kyng toke to wife the right excellent and most ver∣tuous lady Iane Seimour daughter to syr Iohn Seimor knyght.

After many thynges wer published here in this realme by kyng Henry and his coun••aile, with consent of the bi∣shops and his clergie, concerning the alteration of diuers poyntes of religio••, and that certayne holy•• daies were forb dden, and many abbaies suppressed: the rude people of ••incolnes••ire, fearynge the vtter subuersion of theyr ol•• supers••ition, whiche they had lyued in so many yeres, raised a great cōmocion, and gathered togyther welnere 20000. men, agaynst whom the kyng w••nt with a strong power. Wherof when the rebelles had knowlage, they desyred pardon, brake vp their army, and departed euery man to his home, theyr capytaynes were apprehended and worthily punished.

Immediately after began a newe commotion in York¦shire, for the same causes, but the people wer more incen∣sed through vayne tales and lyes that were spred by cer∣taine naughtie and sedicious persones, as that all theyr syluer chalices, crosses, iewelles, and other ornamentes shoulde bee taken oute of theyr churches. That no man shulde bee maried or eate any deintie meate in his house, but he shoulde paye a tribute for the same to the kynge. These people were gathered to the noumbre of .40000.

hauyng for theyr badges the .v woundes, with the figure of the sacrament, and Iesus written in the middes, and called their diuelishe rebellion a holye pylgremage, in to∣ken that they intended to fighte for the mayntenaunce of Christen religion.

Agaynst these rebelles the kyng sent the Duke of Suf∣folke, the duke of Northfolke, the M••rques of Excester, and other, with a great army, by whom after the day and place was appoynted to fyght, sodeynly the nyght before the battayle shuld haue ben, the water that was betweene them ros•• in suche wyse, that the two armies coul••e not com togither. By the occasiō wherof the captains of both partes had communication of peace, and promyse was made to the rebelles, that such thynge•• as they were gre∣ued with, shoulde bee redressed by the kynges auctor••tie. Wherewith they beeyng appeased by the prouidence and healpe of god departed without bloudsheadyng.

The ryuer of Thames was ouerfrosen.

Thomas Fitz Garet (late Erle of Kildare, and fyue of his vncles were hanged, drawen, and quartered at Lon∣don in February.

Nicol Musgraue, Thomas Gylby and other stered a newe rebellion, and besieged the citee of Carlile, frome whens they were driuen, and many of theym taken and put to deathe. [The yere of the worlde 5498] [The yere of Christ 1537]

[Anni regum Angli 29] Sir Frances Bygot, syr Robert Constable, and other beganne an other conspiracie, and for the same were a••∣teinted and executed in the moneth of Iune.

On S. Edwardes euen the noble prince Edward was born at Hampton court, who is now our soueraigne lord and kyng. Shortly after the vertuous lady queene Iane his mother dyed in childbedde, & was buried at Windsor.

An assemble was holden at Wittenberge, wherin the preachers of Germany agreed concernynge the contro∣uersy of the sacrament of the body and bloud of Christe.

Sir Thomas Percy, syr Stephē of Hamelton, sir Iohn Bulmer and his wife, William Lomley, Nicolas Tem∣pest, and the abbottes of Ierney and Riuers, also the lord Darcy, the lord Husey, Robert Ask wer condemned and put to deathe for high treason.

Iames kyng of Scottes, maried ladie Magdalene the Frenche kynges eldest daughter.

Frier Forest was hanged and brent in Smithfielde for treason and heresie, with the image of Daruell Gathern of Wales, [The yere of the worlde 5499] [The yere of Christ 1538] in whiche idolle the Welshemen had a greate confidence and feigned of him many straunge thynges.

In the moneth o•• december, the Marques of Excester, the lorde Mountacute, and sir Edwarde Neuell were be∣headed for treason, that was layd to their charges.

Sir Nicholas Carew maister of the horses, was behea¦ded for treason.

Pilgremage and idolatrie were forbydden: dyuers ima¦ges al••o hauynge inginnes to make theyr eyes open and shutte, and other partes of theyr bodye to steere, and ma∣ny other false iuglynges, as the bloudd of hayles, and su∣che lyke, wherwith the people of longe tyme had been de∣ceiued, were espied out and destroyed.

Abbaies were suppressed, and all friers, monkes, chan∣nons, nunnes and other sectes of religion, were roted out of this realme, for theyr iniquitie and naughtinesse.

In Ma••e the citisyns of London mustred al in bryghte harneis, with coates of white silke and clothe, [Anni regum Angli 31] and chai∣nes of golde, in three great battailes.

The abbottes of Redinge, Glastenburye and Colche∣ster, wyth dyuers other were atteinted of treason and put to death.

It was ordeined, that suche religious persons as were discharged of their profession might purchase, pursue and be sued in al maner of accions.

Auctoritee was graunted to the kyng by acte of parlia∣ment, to nominate and make bishops and bishoprikes by his letters patentes or other writinges.

The landes and profites of all abbaies heretofore dis∣solued, or that hereafter should be dissolued were assured to the kynges hyghnesse and his heyres.

The greate Onele of Irelande inuaded the Englisshe ••ale, and brent almoste .xx. myles within the same, wher∣fore the lorde Graie, beynge deputie there, assembled a stronge power and droue hym backe.

Duke Friderike of Bauerie, Palsgraue of Rhine, the

Marshall of Duke Iohn Friderike, electour of Saxonie, with certaine other came to London: by whome the ma∣riage was concluded betwene Kyng Henrie and the lady Anne, sister to the Duke of Cleue, who in Decembre was receyued into the realme with great triumphe and sump∣tuous prouision.

The commons of Gaunt rebelled, and were brought in subiection and cruelly handled by the Emperour.

The acte made for the abolishynge of opinions concer∣nyng the .vi. articles was publisshed with greate rigoure and extremitee. Whiche ye maye reade in the actes of the pa••liament holden the .xxxi. yere of the kyng.

[Anni regum Angli 32] In this yeare was so great a h••ate and drought, that in many places the people wold haue geuen one busshel for the grindynge of an other, [The yere of the worlde 5501] [The yere of Christ 1540] and dyuers great ryuers were dryed.

The byshoppe of Chichester and doctour Wilson were deliuered out of the tower vpon the kynges pardon.

Many died of hot•• burning agues and of the laske in all partes of this realme.

The religion of the knyghtes of the Rhodes, was dys∣solued by acte of parliament.

By commaundement of kinge Henrie, certaine learned men were apoincted to set foorth an vniforme introducti∣on into the latine tongue, whiche onely shoulde be taught in all scholes, the vse of all other grammers beynge sette a parte.

Barnes, Hierom, Garrarde priestes, were forced to re∣cante, at S. Maries spitle in London.

Lorde Cromwel late before created Erle of Essex, and Water lorde Hungerforde, were beheaded the .28. day of Iuly. The .xxx. day, Robert Barnes, Thomas Garrarde, Wylliam Hierom priestes were burned. The same daye Thomas Abell, Edwarde Powel, and Richarde Fether∣ston were hāged drawen and quartered, for mainteinyng the byshop of Romes auctoritee, and deniyng the kinge to be supreme head of the churche of Englande.

Kyng Henrye by auctoritee of the clergie was diuorsed from his pretenced mariage made with the ladie Anne of Cleue, and maryed shortlye after the ladie Katherine Ha∣warde.

〈1 page missing〉〈1 page missing〉 where they were sworne to bee true prisoners, and than were delyuered to the custody of dyuers noble men, whi∣che honourably i••tertained them.

In this season an heraulde of England, rydyng on the borders syde to doo a message, was mette by certayne re∣belles, which cruelly against all lawe of armes slew him in his coate armure. But they for this moste vengeable deede were s••nt to the kyng the yere folowyng, who wor∣thily executed them for that offence.

After the ouerthrowe of the Scottishe army, the kyng of Scottes dyd not long enioy his lyf••: for he died incon∣tinent after, leauynge his queene with chylde, who was delyuered of a mayden.

At Newe yeares tyde the Scottes that were taken by Ca••li••e, were by the kyng sent home agayne with greate gyftes, vpon condicion to agree to certaine articles for the welth of bothe realmes.

The Burdeux fl••te was arested in Gascoyne, and lyke∣wyse the ••renchmen h••re, and at the Ile of Wight wer taken seuen shippes laded with marchandise of the fren∣chemen. Wherevpon the ambassadours of bothe parties were restreined, & after dyuers requestes proponed to the ambassadour of France, ce••tain respite was graunted to knowe his maysters mynde, who wolde not agree to any reasonable demandes, nor yet receiue the kynges herald, who came with honorable and indifferent conditions of peace: for whiche causes and most specially for the com∣mon profite of Christendom, seyng the French kyng had entred in league with the Turke, and procured hym to make warre vpon Christendome, and also that he with∣holdyng from kyng Henry his tribute, he with the empe∣rour Charles ioyn••tely proclaymed warre agaynste the frenche kynge.

In the meane tyme a parliament was holden at Lon∣don, in which an act was made, wherby the common pe••¦ple were restreigned from r••dyng the holy scripture, and in li••u of it was sette foorth by the kynge and his clergie, a doctrine for all his subiectes to folowe, to the whiche all bookes that were repugnaunte by auctoritee of the saied

parliament were condemned. In thys parliamente was graunted a subsidie to the kynge of .ij. s̄. of the pounde of goodes and .iii. s̄. of landes to be paied in thre yeares.

[Anni regum Angli 35] Thomas Becon, Wysedom, [The yere of the worlde 5504] [The yere of Christ 1543] and Shingleton wer for∣ced to recante openlye at Paules crosse.

The Abrine a lorde of Ireland, with diuers of the wild Irishe submitted them vnto Kynge Henrie.

King Henry maried lady Katherine Latimer at Hamp∣ton court.

About this time the Sacre of Diep, a shippe royal, and the minion of Englande foughte a cruell fyght, tyll both parties were werie, and so parted.

At Windsore were thre men burned.

An armie sent ouer by kinge Henrie, of which sir Iohn Wallop captayne of Guines, was generall, sir Thomas Seimour high marshal, Sir Robert Bowes treasourer, sir George Carew, Thomas Palmer, Iohn Rainesforth Iohn Saint Iohn, and Iohn Gascoyne knyghtes, capi∣taines of the footemen, sir Richard Cromwell capitayne of the horsemen, who departed from Calais, the .xxii. of Iulie.

London was sore vexed with the plague, for whyche cause the kynge with all the nobilitie kepte theym frome thens, and the terme also was adiourned to. S. Albones, where it b••ganne, the .xii••i. of Nouember.

Doctour London, deane of Osenay, with William Si∣mons for periury, rode with papers at Windsor, and af∣ter were sent to the Flete.

About Alhalowtyde a roade was made into Scotlande by the garrison there, who burned .60. villages, and toke great praies bothe of men and beastes.

In France sir George Carow, & sir Thomas Palmer were taken prisoners in the pursuite of the frenchemen, when they fledde from their campe. The siege of Lander∣sey was broken vp, vppon hope to haue foughte with the Frenche Kynge, who came with a mighty army, promy∣syng 〈◊〉〈◊〉 his heraldes to haue gyuen bataile, but he enten∣ded not••ing lesse. For whan he h••d vitailed Laundersa••, the nyght before he shoulde haue fought, he fled with all his power. In Nouember the Englishmen men that wer

sies were made felonie.

The bishoprike of Chester, and the Ile of Man, was se∣uered from the bishop of Canturburie, to the iurisdyction of Yorke.

The ladie Katherine Haward, whom the kyng had ma∣ryed, for hir vncha••te liuyng and naughtie actes commit∣ted with Thomas Culpeper of the priuye chamber, and Francis Dereham, was by auctoritee of parlyament at∣teinted and putte to death in Februarie, with whom also died Iane ladye Rochforde, as preuie vnto all her deedes. Lorde Wylliam Hawarde and his wyfe, with dyuers o∣ther were condemned to perpetuall prison, for misprisyon of highe treason, but afterwarde by the kynges pardon they were delyuered.

A mayde was boyled for poysonynge dyuers persones within the citee of London. [The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ 1542]

In Mate kyng Henry toke a loane of money of al suche as were aboue the value of fiftie p••unde. [Anni regum Angli 34]

The great Onele, a lor•• of the wylde Irish, with other, submitted them to kynge Henrie.

The commissioners sente to the ••orders of Scotlande, to determine the debate of the confines, were fayne to de∣parte, because the Scottes woulde agree to no reasonable demaundes.

The Scottes the fourth of Iulie, beganne to inuade the borders spoylyng and burnynge as it hadde been in open warre: for which cause a garrison was sent t••ither. Then the Scottes after theyr false maner pretended peace and amitee with earnest suite for the same: and neuerthelesse in the meane tyme spoyled the borders with sodeine ••or∣reis and incursyons. In reuengement wherof sir Robert Bowes made a rode into Scotlande, where he with other were taken without putting to ransome. Than the kynge sent the Duke of Northfolke thither with an army royal. But at Yorke (by the craftie dissimulacion of the kynge of Scottes, who sent ambassadours to intreate for peace) the armye was stayed, and after longe consultacion, with m••che tyme spent, the Scottes woulde condescende to no indifferent condicions. Wherfore the Duke wente fore∣warde and entred Scotlande, burnyng and wastynge all

the marches, and there taryed wythout any battaile pro∣fered by the kynge of Scottes, vntill the myddes of No∣uember, and so returned.

This sommer by the procurement of the French kyng, the Duke of Cleue rebelled against the emperoure, and a greate noumber of Cleueners and Gelder••ys, with one Martine of Rossein the capytayne, came downe to Ant∣warpe, and lay before the towne trustyng to gette it with the healp•• of a great noumber of traytours, whiche were within: but by the wysedome of the gouernours, it was preserued, and the traitours within beyng tried out, were woorthily punisshed: throughe whiche theyr enemies de∣parted disapoincted of their purpose.

The French king prepared greatly for the warres, for∣tifiyng all partes of hys realme: and wente with a greate army to besiege Pampi•••••••• a strong towne in the entrie of Spayne wherby he myght haue passage into Nauern: but he nothing preuayled, the towne w••s ••o wel kepte.

After the departure of our armye from S••••tl••n••••, the kynge of Scottes, to be reuenged, priuilye ass••••••led a stronge armie, purposyng to take Carl••le, a••d destroy all the weast Marches, whiche he thought to be but w••ake, because all the power and prouision of the Englisshem••n laye in the east marches aboute Barwyke. Therefore he sent the lorde Maxwell, warden of hys weast marches who knew the countrey well, with the Erles of Cassiles and Glencarn, and dyuers of his priuye chambre to con∣ducte this armye. But by the prowes and wysedome of sir Thomas Warton and sir Wyllyam Mu••graue, with a ryght few of the borderers, beyng in all not aboue two thousand, these Scottes were mette vpon. S. Katherines euen: where by greate power of God, they being in num∣ber betwene .15000. and .18000. and well prouyded for the warres, were ouerthrowen. In whiche conflict was taken the lord Maxwell, the Erles of Glencarn and Cas∣siles, with all the chiefe captaynes of the armye: and on S. Thomas euen the apostell, they were brought to Lon∣don to the Tower, where they lay that night, and the next daye folowyng they were by the kynges charge apparay∣led al in silke and rode through the citee to Westminster, 〈1 page missing〉〈1 page missing〉

The winter was very sharp, and much frost and snow fell, so that many beastes dyed for colde.

The kyng began great buildyng at Calais & Guisnes.

A subsidie graunted to the kyng of .xii. d. of the pounde of goodes, and .ii. s̄. of landes.

The courtes of the fyrst fruites & wardes wer erected.

Egerton and Harman were put to deathe for counter∣faityng the kynges great seale.

Alexander Seton Scotte, and William Tolwine prie∣stes were constreigned to recant openly at Paules crosse [The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ 1541] [Anni regum Angli 33]

The countesse of Salesbury, for treason y^t she wrought against the kyng, through the persuasion of the traitour Raynolde Poole hir soonne, was beheaded within the tower. The same daye also were executed at Tyburne three whiche had begunne a new rebellyon in the North partes: but by the pollicie 〈◊〉〈◊〉 counsaile ther, they wer quickly apprehended.

Two of the garde were hanged at Grenewiche by the courte, the kynges grace beyng there, for robberies why∣che they had committed about blacke heath.

The .xxviii. daye of Iuly were hanged at S. Thomas Watryng, Mantill, Roydon, and Froudes gentylmen, for a spoyle and murder that they had doone in one of the kinges parkes, vpon Maie mornynge, the lorde Dacres of the South beyng in company with theim. And on the morowe, whiche was S. Peters daye, the lorde Dacres was ledde from the tower a fote by the two shiriftes tho∣rough the citie to Tyburne, and there putte to execution for the ••ame offence.

A proclamation sette foorth by the kynge for the abro∣gation of superfluous holydayes, and the vayne ceremo∣nies of the Nicolas bysh••••, with the absteynynge frome fleshe on sainct Markes daie.

The lorde Leonarde Graie, whyche before was depu∣tie generall of Ireland, was beheaded at Tower hill, for certayne treason whiche he had there commytted.

A proclamation was published, that the Englishe Bi∣ble shoulde be had in euery paryshe churche, ready for all sortes of men to resorte vnto at tymes conuenient.

About this tyme a new trade of dancyng of galiardes

vpon fiue paces, and vauntyng o•• horses was brought in to the realme by Italians, whiche shortly was exercysed commonly of all yonge men, and the olde facion left.

Doctour Pates, whom king Henry had sent in ambas∣sade to the emperour, at the commyng of the bys••oppe of Winchester into Almayne, secretly fledde awaye to the byshop of Rome, most lyke a traitour, beyng put in trust by his prince.

The emperour at the breakyng vp of the councel in Al∣mayne, departed from thens into Italy, where he prepa∣red an a••my to go to the citie o•• Argiers in Afrike, in whi¦che v••age fortune was contrary to hym. For his nauy li∣yng in the rode of Argiers, by a tempest & contrary wind were driuen parforce vpon the toune where thei were de∣stroied, and many of the galeys also were drowned with ordinaunce and other abilimentes of warre. The empe∣rour beyng on lande, with part of his army was in great distresse, what for lacke of vitayle, & through great weate whiche fell on them. In this voyage sir Henry Kneuet, ambassadour for kynge Henry hardely e••caped the daun∣ger of the sea. And so the emperour was fo••ced to returne into Spayne without obteynyng his purpose.

A welsheman was hanged drawen and quartered, for prophecyeng of kyng Henries deathe.

Kynge Henry toke his progresse to the citie of Yorke, where he looked for the comyng of his neuew the kynge of Scottes, who had promysed to come vnto hym, and came not, but in stede therof made an inuasion vpon En¦gland, and after in the Christmasse, sent ambassadours to dissimule his vnfaith••ull and vnnaturall herte, whom ne∣uerthelesse the kyng honourablye intertayned.

A parliament holden in Irelande, where by the cōmon consent of that realme, they desyred the kynges highnes to take on hym the name of kyng of Irelande, for auoy∣dyng of continuall warre amongest theym. Whervpon the kyng by proclamation altered his style, and receaued the name of kyng of Irelande.

A parliament was begunne the .xvi. day of Ianuarye, in whiche witchcraftes, coniurations, inchauntmentes, with declaration of armes names and badges in prophe∣cies,

sent thither came home againe.

A litle before Christmas the Uiceroy of Sicil came frō the emperour to kynge Henrie in ambassade, of whom he was honorablie enterteined: and shortly returned againe.

At that time a shyp was drowned in Goodwynes sand, wherin many gentilmen of Spaine, goyng toward theyr countrey, were loste.

In the Christmas tyme the flete goyng toward Flaun∣ders by tempest were sore tossed, and in great daunger: at whyche tyme a vessell laded with corne was taken by the Frenchmen, and certaine ships of theirs laded with fisshe was taken by the Englisshemen.

In this yere beyng the leape yere, chaunsed foure eclip∣ses, one of the sonne the .24. of Ianuarye, and three of the moone.

In Ianuarie all the Scottes, whiche were taken and sworne to be true to kynge Henrie, settyng a side both the feare of God and all humanytee, trayterouslye fell from him, nothyng regarding his exceding gentlenesse shewed to them, in deliueryng them free (taken in the inualyon of his realme) nor yet the honorable interteinmēt here more lyke princes than prysoners.

In Februarye Germin Gardiner, Ihon Heiwod, with other, for deniyng the kynges supremitee, were arrayned and condemned to die. The same time fiue priestes, for an insurrection that they entended, were adiudged to dye.

The lone whiche was lente in the .34. yeare of the kyn∣ges reigne, by auctoritee of parliament, was forgeuen.

A licence graunted to vse the feate of shootyng in hand∣gunnes: Whiche before men were prohibited to dooe.

In the beginning of Lent lord Edward Seimour Erle of Hereforde was made lieutenant of the Northe partes, and sente thyther with an armye for the defence of that countrey.

Germin Gardyner, and Larke person of Chelsei beside London, [The yere of Christ 1544] were executed at Tyburne, for deniyng the king to be supreme head of the churche. [The yere of the worlde 5505]

The .xxii. daye of Marche the lorde admyrall, with a great nauie departed from the port of London towardes Scotlande.

All this lent season a counsaile was holden at Spires in Almayne, at which the emperour with the princis of Almayn, and the byshop of Romes legate were p••••sent.

The .29. of Marche the parliament begunne in the .••3. yeare, was cleane dissolued, wherin was e••tabl sh•••• t••e succession of the kynges highnes, and also an act ••or pre¦seruation of wooddes, and the rigour of the acte of ••ixe articles was somewhat qualified.

Upon Maie euen died the lord Thomas Audeley high chauncellour of Englande: after whom succeded lor••e Thomas Writhosel••y.

Upon Maie day the nauie sente by the lorde admyrall, whiche vntil this tyme had no good wynde, tooke theyr viage into Scotlande from Tynmouthe: with whome was lorde Edwarde Seimour Earle of Hertforde, the kynges lieutenant, and generall capitayne of the a••my, whiche the fourth daye of May arriued by Lith, the ha∣uen of Edenbourgh, and tooke the towne of ••ith, and spoyled it. After whyche they made towardes Edenbo∣rough, where at a certayne bridge, the Scottes hadde layde their ordinaunce, but by the policie and manhode of our capitains and souldiours, the Scottes ordinance was wonne, and discharged agaynst theim selues, and therby were put to flyght. After this the town of Eden∣bourgh, sent vnto the army, pretendynge to deliuer the towne vpon certayn conditions, to the behoufe of oure kyng: but whan the armye entred, they were inuaded by theym, for whyche cause the towne was destroyed, and cleane wasted.

Kyng Henry and the Emperour agreed ioyntly to in∣uade the realme of Fraunce, with two great powers.

A proclamation made, enhauncyng the value of gold to the rate of .xlviii. s, and siluer to .iiii. s. the ounce.

The .xv. daye of May, all frenchemen not beyng de∣nisens, were commaunded to depart the realme within xx. days, vpon payne to be sent vnto the galeyes.

Kynge Henry made great prouision for a viage into Fraunce.

Irisshemen to the number of .700. with dartes and handegunnes after theyr maner, mustered before the

kyng in S. Iames parke.

Bonfyres we••e made in London for the good speede and safe returne of the kynges armie ou•• of Scotlande: and the lorde Maxwell was agay••e taken prisoner.

After the whitson holy days, the duke of Norfolk and the lorde priuie seale with a great armye, toke their vy∣age into Fraunce, and besieged Mountrell, wher•• they lay vntill the kyng had wonne the towne of Bulleyne. Not longe after, the duke of Suffolke, with many other noble me••, passed the seas, and encamped before Bul∣leyne on the eas•• syde. The .xiiii. day of Iuly kyng Hen∣ry hym selfe, with a goo••ly company passed from Do∣uer to Caleys, and on the xxvi. day of the same moneth, encamped on the north syde of Bulleyne. After whose comyng the towne was so sore battered with gunshotte, and certayne of their tow••rs beynge vndermyned, so shaken with force of gunnepouder, that after a moneths siege, the capitayne sent woorde to the kynge, that he woulde yelde the towne to his behalfe, on condition that all whiche were within, myght departe with bagge and baggage, whiche condition kynge Henry mercyfully graunted. And the Bulleynors departed one and other, to the number of .4454. In this meane tyme the Em∣perour had made a peace with the frenche kyng, wherat kyng Henry was not a lyttell displeased, and shortly af∣ter returned into Englande.

Shortly after, the Frenchemen came by nyght vpon the Englyshemen in Bas••boleyne, and slewe of them a great n••ber. Howbeit they wer shortly chased frō thense and the Base town holden after that in good quietnesse.

Mounsire de Beese, with .xv. thousande Frenchmen encamped ouer agaynste Bulleyne on the other syde of the water, entendyng to buylde there a forte. But short∣ly after he was set vpon in his campe, by therle of Hert∣ford, the lorde Lisle, the lorde Graye of Wilton and o∣thers, and fledde with all his power, leauynge behynde hym his ordinaunce, tentes, and plate.

The .xix. daye of Februarye was cruelly bourned at Torney in the frontiers of France, [The yere of the worlde 5506] [The yere of Christ 1545] [Anni regum Angli 3] one Peter Brulius a frenchman, somtyme preacher of the gospel of Christ,

in Arg••ntine, a citie in Germanie. The maner of his death was this, he was burned with a small fyre, to the ende to make his tourment the greater. He stoode man∣fully to his doctrine euen to the last breath, and beyng in prison he dyd by letters confirme his disciples, and con∣fort his wife and children euen after he was cond••••n••d to die. The doctrine that he stode to in his laste examina∣tion consisteth in these poyntes. Fyrst, that in the supper of the Lorde duely ministred and receyued: is in spirite by faithe receyued the very bodye of Christe. That the masse is a mere mans inuention iniur ious to Christe. That the worshippyng of the consecrated bre ade, is ydo¦latrie. That there is none other purgatorye but Chri∣stes bloud. That we can not honour sainctes better▪ then by folowyng them in faithe and vertue. That mans fre∣will is so letted by the fall of Adam, that▪ without god∣des grace it can do no good thynge. That it is faith whi∣che bryngeth vs saluation. That no mannes traditions ought to be receyued to bynde conscience. That to haue ymages in temples, is very daungerous, for fallyng in∣to ydolatrie. That baptisme is the signe of the couenant that God hath made with vs, and of th•• mortifications and newe lyfe that shulde folowe baptisme, and that this sacrament ought not to bee denied to infantes, sithe the promise pertayneth to them also. That no vowe oughte to be made more then the word of god requireth, or that is not in mans power to perform. That eareshrift, other then for counsell in doubtfull matters, is a very dange∣rous tormentyng of the mynde. And that he dydde not doubt of the perpetuall virginitie of the virgin Mary.

The Somer after, the Frenchmen came downe with a great power, and builded the fort or bastilion, ouer a∣gaynst Boloigne, whiche the french kyng named Mon∣pleasure, betwene whiche fort & the toune of Boloigne, were continuall skirmishes, to the losse of both partes.

Word cam to king Henry y^t the frenchmen intended to lād in the Isle of Wight. Wherfore he went to Por••is¦mouth, & sent letters into diuers partes of his ••••alm, to haue mē in a redines. At which his being ther, a goodly ship of y^e kings named Mary rose w^t sir George ••arew

the capitain, and manye othe•• ••••ntilmen was drowned in the middes o•• the hauen b•• ••r••at foly and negligence.

Lorde Edward Seimour ••••le of Hertforde was sent by the kyng into Scotlande with an armie of .12000. mē where he destroyed dyuers townes in the myddle mar∣ches, and greatly endomaged the Scottes.

A parliament holden at westminster, wherin was grā¦ted to the kynge a subsidye. of .ii. s̄ .viii. d. in the pounde of moueable goodes, and .iiii. s̄. of landes, to be paied in th••e yere, also colleges, chaunteries, & hospitalles: were geuen into the kynges handes, for his lyfe tyme.

Lorde Lisle highe admyrall of Englande, landing in Normandie, brente the suburbes of Treiporte, and toke and spoyled well nere all the shippes in the hauen: after that he destroyed many villages by the sea syde, and got great praie.

Mounsire de Bees inuaded the Englishe pale besyde Grauelin.

By menes of the emperour, cōmunica••••ō of peace was had betwene the ambassadours of Eng••and and Fraūce but nothing at this tyme was con••lu••e••.

Kynge Henry sent the lorde Edwa••de 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Erle of Hertforde, and the lorde Lisle hy••h 〈◊〉〈◊〉 all with a company of .7000. men, to pr••u••nt 〈…〉〈…〉, who intended to builde an other forte at 〈…〉〈…〉 ••ode, At whiche tyme they entr••d into the hauen two ••ay•• before the frenchemen had appointed to b•• there. An•• so 〈◊〉〈◊〉 sea∣ted them of their purpose.

Often skirmishes betwene the Englishe garr••son of Bulleyn and the Frenche forte, greately to the losse of bothe partes. And at one tym•• especially wer slayn .xvi. englishe gentyll men▪ and .lxxx. other, and fewe or none of the Frenchemenne.

The Stewes and other lyke brothell houses were by the kynges commaundement put downe in all partes of the realme, as places that dyd mayntayne whordom, manslaughter, and all other mischiefe and naughtines.

A peace concluded betwene Englande and Fraunce, [Anni regum Angli] which was proclaymed on Whitsonday to the great re∣ioycyng of both realmes. [The yere of the worlde 5507] [The yere of Christ 1546] For conclusion of this peace, the vicount Lisle high Admirall, with the byshop of Du¦resme,

and a goodly cōpany of men went into France, after whose returne, the byshop of ••••reux and two Er∣les came into England, and were honourably receyued w••h great ioye and triumph.

Anne Askew gentlewoman, Iohn Lassels gentilmā, ••nd two other were brente in Smithfield•• for opinion•• contrary to the act•• of the syx Articles, At whiche tyme doctour Shaxton also recanted.

The duke of Norfolke, and his sonne the Erle of Sur¦••••y, wer attaynted of treason. For which his sonne was put to execution, and himselfe committed to the Towre where he remayned longe tyme.

In Ianuarie, the renowmed ••ing Henry the eyghte ended his lyfe, and was buried at windsore.

THe most gratiouse and noble prince Edwarde the s••xt beyng .ix. yeres of age, [The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ 1543] succeded hys fathe•• in the gouernance of thys realme, and was crowned at Westmin••ter on Shrofe sondaye, with great solem∣nitie. In whome the people muche reioyced, wishynge hertily hys longe and prosperouse reigne ouer them, for that they sawe in hym euidente liklyhodes of Christian and politike gouernemente, when yeres sh••ul••e make ripe those fruites of vertue which euen in his tender age appeared to be sowen in hys royall herte.

Under this Kynge, in the the tyme of hys minoritye, hys vncle Edwarde Duke of Somerset, Lorde protec∣tour, with the rest of the counsel, gouerned this realme. By wh••me, to the furtheraunce of gods worde and true religion, commissioners were sent into al partes of the realme with commaundement to take all Images oute of churches, for auoydinge of Idolatrie, and to cause al persons to leaue the superstitiouse vse of beades. Wyth these commissioners were sente certein godlye learned preachers which dehorted men from superstition, and en¦structed them to geue theim selfe to true and vnfayned worshyppyng of god in heart and mynde, with due obe∣dience towardes theyr prince.

This yere order was taken that the pompous and su∣perstitious maner of goyng in processi••n shuld be lefte, and no more vsed.

The last day of Iuly, Steuen Gardiner Bisshoppe of Winchester was sent prisoner to the towre of London.

And about the same tyme, Doctour Smith of Oxford recanted openly at paules crosse, diuers articles contey¦ned in twoo bookes whiche he had made: one for the de∣fence of the sacrifice of the Maise, an other to proue that vnwritten verities oughte to be beleued vnder payne of damnation.

Shortlye after, the Lorde Protectoure and Erle of Warwike, wente into Scotlande with a stronge army requiringe the Scottes to fulfyll their promise made be∣fore to kynge Henry, concernynge the mariage of theyr younge Quene with noble prynce Edwarde hys sonne. But the Scottes alwayes vnfaithfull of promisse, stub∣b••rnel••e came againste them with a greate puisaunce. And not long after, the two armies encoūtred in the fel∣des of Muscleborow•• at a place called Pinkersloughe, the englishmen not thinckynge as then to haue battaile. And because the fronte of the Scottishe army was so ter¦ribly set with pikes, our horsemen that gaue the firste on set, were enforced to recule, with losse of certen gentle∣men, whiche reculynge muche abashed our footemen. But yet, by the great wisedome and pollicye of the capi∣taynes, and the good stomake of our souldiours, where∣with god had at that present strengthed them: they gaue a new onset, and without any notable fight discomfited the Scottes and optayned a noble victorie. At this tyme were slaine of the Scottes betwene thyrtene and foure∣tene thousande, and not passynge an hundred En∣glysshemen.

This yeare dyd the pestilence so rage in the Citie of London, that men fell to buryeng their deade, early in the mornynges, and late in the euenynges, whervpon a commaundemente was geuen to all curates, that they shoulde bury none before .vi. in the mornyng, nor after vi. at nyght, and that a bell should ryng .iij. quarters of an houre or more.

After Myghelmasse was holden a parliament, where∣in chauntries were giuen into the kynges handes, to be altered and disposed at his pleasure.

It was also ordeyned in this parliam••nt, that the bo∣dy and bloude of Christe shoulde be receyued of all per∣sones in bothe kyndes, breade and wyne. And an order was appoynted for the auoidyng of sturdy vagabundes and beggars.

In this meane whyle, Peter Martyr, a Florentine borne, and of excellent knowlege in diuinitie, being sent for by Thomas Cranmer archebyshop of Canterbury: came into Englande▪ in Nouember, and shortely after was made reader of diuinitie in the vniuersitie of O••∣forde for his excellencie and soundenes in doctrine.

Also in this parliament were repealed certain bloudy statutes made in the tyme of kynge Henry the eight, [Anni regum Angli 2] [The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ 1548] e∣mongest whiche the statute of sixe articles was one.

The fifte day of Februarye, the aboue named duke of Somerset, with the reste of the counsaylours of the re∣alme, dyd wryte vnto the Scottes in the kynges name, a very longe and piththy Oration, exhortynge theim to embrace peace, but in vayne, as afterwarde appeared, to the great losse of bothe realmes.

In this February hotte persecution beganne agayne in Fraunce, and especially at Paryse, for the doctrine of Martyn Luthere, where as in the meane whyle, in Englande, mens wyttes were occupied in dyuysynge howe to abolyshe the masse vtterly.

In Aprile folowynge, Martine Bucer, beeynge sente for by the marques of Brandenborough one of the prin¦cis electours, came frome Strawsborough in Germa∣ny to Aus••orough, and was there of hym and other at his appoyntemente, entreated and perswaded, by fayre woordes and promyses, by roughe wordes and threate∣nynges, and by all meanes possible, to geue his consent to a booke called Antididagma, whiche the Papistes had bene in hande with, frome the yeare of our Lorde, a thousande fiue hundred fortye and two, to this present•• yere a .1548, and hadde as nowe made it perfect as they thought: But al this not withstanding Bucer departed, not geuyng consent to theyr boke, but not without dan∣ger of his lyfe. This boke was fyrst pende against that boke of reformation of religion which Herman byshop

of Coleyn caused to bee drawen, and was afterwardes sette forth in his name. But yet when they had made it as perfect as they coulde, and had confirmed in it all po∣pery, welmoste it coulde not be allowed by Gods vicar of Rome, bicause there were in it some thynges graun∣ted to the contrary parte.

The fyrst day of October Edmunde Boner byshop of London was depriued of his byshoprike, and put in pri∣son in the Marshalsey, for that he obstinately stode in the defence of popisshe supersticion, and Nycholas Ridley byshop of Rochester, was by the kynges authoritie tran¦sl••t••d to London.

The fourth day of Nouember was a parliament hol∣den at Westminster vpon prorogation, wherin was au∣thorised a boke of an vniforme order of common praier and administration of the sacramentes in the englishe tongue.

Also the mariage of priestes was in the same parlia∣ment made laufull.

Moreouer the acte made in the .xxxii. of the reigne of kyng Henry the eight concernyng contractes of matri∣monie, was in this parliament repealed, for that many beastly persons, maliciousely enterpreting the same, did by obtaynyng the firste carnall copulation, take frome honest men their despoused wyues.

Sir Thomas Seimour lord Seimour of Sudley high admyrall of Englande, [The yere of the worlde] [The yere of Christ] [Anni regum Angli 3] was by parliament attainted of treason, for which his head was striken of at the tower hill in London the .xx. of Marche. It was sayd, that he fought to distroy the yong kynge Edwarde his neuewe, and to make hym selfe kynge, but moste men thynke he dyed innocent in that matter.

In Aprile, Martine Bucer and Paulus Fagius, men of excellent learnyng, after many letters sente to theim from Thomas Cranmer archbyshop of Cantorburye, came into Englande, and were frendly receyued of the kyng hymselfe, of the whole nobilitie welmoste, and of the people also. And after they had a while refreshed thē selues with the archebyshop of Canterbury, they were bothe sente to Cambri••ge, there to teache the trewe do∣ctrine

of Christe.

In Maie folowynge Peter Martyr and the diuines of Oxforde, disputed openly of the Lordes supper and the presence of Christe therein. These questions dyd Peter Martyr propone and defend. That the substance of bread & wyne is not changed, and that the body and bloude of Christ is not carnally and corporally in the breade and wyne, but is sacramentally vnited or knitte therevnto. The report of this disputation was afterwards setforth in print, wherin the moderatours of the disputations ap∣poynted by the kyng, doo plainely declare, that Martyr had the vpper hande.

In Iune folowyng, the French kyng came to Parys, with great pompe, and this was the fyrst commynge of hym thyther after the deathe of his father, where at his beyng there, and in his presence, as some thynke, many were put to death for Luthers doctrine. And the kynge, as it appered by a writyng then set forthe in printe, and sent into all partes of Fraunce, was there professed an open enemy to that sorte of men, determynyng to roote theim quite out of his dominions. And not long after, he cut of mounsier Ueruines heade, for that he had sur∣rendred Boloigne to kyng Henry the eyght, after a long siege and sore battrie and assaultes.

About this tyme, there began in England great sedi∣tion emong the people in all partes, but chiefely in Nor∣folke and in Deuonshire. The chief capitaine in Deuon¦shire was sir Iohn Arundell a knyght, and in Norfolke one Kite a tanner. These bothe required groundes late∣ly enpastured and enparked to be layd open agayn, but the chiefe cause of their rebellion was to haue the popish masse and ceremonies restored. They wronghte muche by a blynde prophecie, whiche tolde them that they shuld mete at London. And in dede so they dyd, for they were brought prisoners thither in one day, and committed to the tower. Suche is the good successe that they haue whych folowe blynde prophecies.

In this meane whyle dyd the french kyng inuade and wynne the forte whyche kyng Henry had buylded bee∣twene Boloigne and Calice, called Newhauen, the losse

whereof was layde to the Duke of Somersettes charge, for that he beeyng protectour hadde not seene that piece better furnished. And in conclusion Iohn Dudley the Erle of Warwyke with the assent and helpe of others, counsellours and nobles of the re••lme, charged hym in open proclamation of misgouernement▪ and caused him to be apprehended at Wyndsore, whether he was fledde with the yong ••ynge his neuewe, frome whens he was brought as a traitour to the tower of London.

The fowerth day of Nouember a parlyment was hol¦den at Westminster vpon prorogation, and there con∣tinued and kept to the fyrst daye of February, wherein was made an acte for the punishment of suche as would vnlaufully assemble them selues. Also an acte for the re∣stitution of bloud in syr William Sheryngton knyght, and an other for Mary daughter to syr Thomas Seimor high Admyral.

In this meane whyle, Paulus Fagius dyed at Cam∣bridge about the ende of Nouember, [The yere of the worlde 5511] [The yere of Christ 1550] of a quartane. [Anni regum Angli]

In the beginnyng of February, the byshop of Straus∣borowe had brought his matters to passe, and made per∣fect his ministers, and began solemnely in .iii. churches of the Citye, whiche the Senate had permitted hym to occupie, the Popishe maner of theyr goddes seruice, to the great admiration of youth, whiche had sene no such monstrous mummeries before.

A littell before this, Arundell who was capitayne to the Deuonshire men was hanged, drawen, and quarte∣red at Tyburne. This was done the .xxvi. of Ianuarye. And about the ••ame tyme, Ky•••• capitayne of the rebel∣les in Norfolke was with his brother condempned and sent to be hanged in chaines at Norwiche.

Before this, the .xix. day of the same moneth, wer mu••¦dred without Newgate in London one Gambo and a•• other Filicirga, capitaynes of the Spanyardes, that had serued in the warres at Boloigne, and els where. This murder was done by one Charles Gauaro a Flemyng borne, who for the same dede had his hande cutte of in the place where he dyd it, and was with his three menne hanged in Smithfielde vppon Saint Paules euen then

next folowyng. He cam post from Barwik to London, to doo this murder, and at his death sayd he woulde ne∣uer repent it.

The .vi. day of February, the duke of Somerset was delyuered out of the towre.

The same moneth went out of Englande certayn lor∣des of the counsell to Boloigne, where certayne of the frenche counsell mette with them, where at the last they concluded a peace, whiche was proclaymed the .xxix. day of Marche folowyng. And about the .xxv. of Aprille, the towne of Boloigne with the fortresses thervnto be∣longyng, was deliuered by the Englyshemen into the handes of the Frenchemen.

The seconde day of May was brent in Smithfielde a woman called Ione Knel, otherwise called Ione Bou∣cher, for the horrible heresy, that Christe toke no flesshe of the virgine Mary. And at her death dyd preache one mayster Iohn Scory, then preacher at Canterbury.

About this tyme there wer•• certayne lyghte persones that pretended a newe commotion in Kent, but they were apprehended, and the .xiii. of May was hanged at Ashforde in Kent Rychard Lyon, and G••ddard Goram and the next day folowyng was hanged at Canterbury Rychard Ireland for the same purpose.

In this meane while, the Englyshemen, and many o∣thers whiche fauored the gospell in the lowe countreis of Germany, were sore amased, by reason of an Edict that Charles the Emperour set forth agaynst the Luthe¦rans, and all theyr fauourers, and suche as shoulde be founde with theyr bookes or images, made to the disho∣nour of any of the popes holy sainctes.

[Anni regum Angli 5] The .xxiii. day of Ianuarye was a parliament holden at Westmynster vpon prorogation, [The yere of the worlde 5512] [The yere of Christ] and was continued and kept tyll the .xv. of Aprile, wherin emong other thin¦ges it was enacted that priestes children shoulde be legi∣timate, and that no man should take any vsury for lo••e or forbearyng of money.

The .xiiii. daye of February was committed a shame full murder at Feuersham in Kent. One Arden, a gen∣tylmanne, was by the consente of his owne wyfe

murdered, wherfore she was brent at Canterbury, two hanged in chaines at Feuersham, and a woman brent: And in Smithfielde was hanged one Mos by and his sy¦ster. And the ruffian that was by the wyfe hyred to doo the deede, whose name was blacke Willyam, fledde in∣to Sealande, and was taken at Flushyng, and there bur¦ned on a scaffolde besydes the hauen.

The .xvi. day of the same moneth, Steuen Gardener, byshop of Wynchester, was depriued of his bishoprike, and so committed to the tower agayne, where he lay du∣ryng the lyfe of kyng Edwarde. Into whose place was by the kynges authoritie translated, doctour Poynet, byshop of Rochester.

The .xxviii. of this moneth dyed at Cambridge Mar∣tine Bucer, and was there honourably buried, and com∣mended by the Epitaphes of many learned men, emong whome were the two sonnes of Charles duke of Suf∣folke, whose mother beyng a great fauourer of pure re∣ligion, shewed great kyndnes and frendshyp to Bucer, bothe before and in his sickenes. He died of the hickocks

The .xxv. of Maie there was an earthquake in Sothe∣rie, and in parte of Middelsex.

About the same tyme there was a dutcheman burned in Smithfielde for holdyng the opinion of the Arrians.

At this season there fell amonge the englyshe nation, a very daungerous sweate, bothe in the realme, and in strange countreys, insomuche that many died in verye shorte space. And muche fruite of the repentance of for∣mer lyfe appeared sodeynely. For some abated their vn∣reasonable rentes, and many soughte for the poore and nedy in prisons, and els where, to relie•••• them. But so soone as the sweate was ceassed, they felle to their won∣ted synnes agayne, and as it seemed, repented them of their former repentaunce.

In Iuly the piece that was coigned for .xii. d. was by proclamation abated to .ix. d. & the piece of .iiij. d. to .iij. d. And in August after from .ix. d. to .vi. d. and frome .iij. d. to .ij. d. And the piece of .ij. d. to a penye, and the penny to an halfepeny.

In October, the duke of Somerset was agayn appre∣apprehended,

and committed to the tower, and with him syr Michel Stanhop, syr Rafe Fane, syr Miles Partri∣che, and other. For then was Iohn Erle of Warwyke, mde duke of Northumberlande, whose deathe he sayd, the duke of Somerset had conspired.

The second day of Nouember the olde Quene of scot∣tes came to London, who was honourablye re••••yued, and lodged in the byshops palaice.

Shortly after the Duke of Somerset was arrayned at Westminster, and by his pieres acquit of Treason, but condemned of felonie, and so committed to the towre a∣gayne, where he remayned tyll he was brought forth to hys deathe.

In this meane while, the younge Kynge was entised to passe time in maskeyng and mumminge. And to that ende there was piked oute a sorte of misrulers to deuyse straunge spectacles in the courte, in the tyme of Christ∣mas to cause the yonge kynge to forgette, yea rather to hate, hys good vncle, who had purged the courte of all suche outrage, and enured the kynge vnto the exercyse of vertuouse learninge, and hearynge of sermons. This was the high waye, firste to make an ende of the kynges vncle, and after of the kyng hymselfe.

The .xiii. day of Ianuarye, the sea brake in at Sande∣witche, [Anni regum Angli 6] [The yere of the worlde 5513] [The yere of Christ 1552] in so muche that it dyd ouerflow al the marshes there about, and drowned much cattell, to the great losse both of the towne and countrey.

The .xxiij. of this monethe Edwarde duke of Somerset was beheaded at the towre hyll in London, where at the tyme of his speakynge to the people, there felle suche a sudden feare amonge the people by reason of a rumoure that ran abrode of the duke of Northumberlādes power of horsemen to be in a redinesse about the Citye, and an horse man that came in hastilye at the northe syde of the towre hill that they fell to shufflynge and thrustynge, as men that stoode in daunger of their lyues. In so muche that of all the great number of the garde and other, that stode ther with weapons to se execution done, ther was not one left in his order about the s••ffolde. In this sturre many were troden vnder fote, and many thrust into the

tower dytche. At the laste whenne the people perceyued that there came no mo horsemenne, they supposed that he that was comen, had brought a pardon for the Duke, and therefore they beganne to shoute and cast vp theyr cappes. Whyche thynge when the duke perceyued, he beckened with his cappe in his hande for silence. And that obtayned, he wylled the people to quiete theim sel∣ues, to obeye the rulers, and to loue theyr yonge kynge, and to pray to god for hym, that he myght long lyue and reigne ouer theym. As for hym selfe, he loked for no par¦don, other then at Goddes hand. And so he prepared him selfe to the axe, wherin he behaued hymselfe so soberly and humbly, that none so harde herted about hym, that dyd not shedde teares.

The .xxv. day of February, there we••e hanged at the towre hyll for the dukes matter, syr Rafe Fane, and sir Myles Partriche knyghtes, and syr Thomas Arundell, and syr Myghell Stanhope beheaded.

The sommer folowyng, the kyng wente in progresse into the weste countreye, wherein his yonge affections were fedde by them that were about hym, not withoute great daunger of his lyfe, by outragious ridyng in hau∣kyng and huntyng. Towardes wynter he retourned to London, & frō thens he went to Grenewich, wher was prepared matter of pastyme, a fort counterfaited, riding at the tylte, and goodly pastimes at Christmas, tyll the kyng had gotten a cough that brought hym to his ende.

The fyrst day of Marche was holden a parliament at Westmynster, [The yere of the worlde 5514] [The yere of Christ 1553] [Anni regum Angli 7] and continued there tyll the dissolution of the same, whiche was the laste daye of the same mo∣nethe. In this parlyament it was emong other thynges enacted, that no maner of man shoulde selle or vtter by retayle to be dronken in his owne house any kynde of wyne, vppon payne of forfaiture of tenne pounde for euery suche offence.

In this meane whyle there were three noble shyppes furnyshed for the great aduenture of the vnknowen vi∣age into the easte by the northseas. The great encoura∣ger of this voiage was Sebastian Gaboto, an englishe∣man, borne at Bristow, but a Genoways sonne.

These shyp•• dyd shortly after passe galla••tly by Grene∣wiche in the kynges presence, one of the maryners stan∣dyng vpon the mayne topmaste of one of them.

At the same tyme there were other lyke shyppes sette forthe towardes the southe to seke aduentures.

All this meane whyle kynge Edwarde was sycke, And his councellours linckinge them selues by marya∣ges. And muche talke ther was that the kynge was poy¦soned, and some suffered imprisonment and punishmen∣tes for so sayeng, and also for sayeng that he was deade. In fine, the tenthe day of Iuly, it was by proclamation declared in London, that he dyed the .vi. day of that mo∣neth. And at the same tyme, there was a prayer setforth in printe, vnder the testimonye of syr Thomas Wroth, one of the priuie chaumber, and doctoure Owen one of the kynges phisitians, with others: wherein the kyng a lyttell before he departed, besought God to preserue this realme from popery.

In the abouenamed proclamation whiche was sette forth by the consente of the duke of Northhumberlande and all the learned counsell of this realme, very fewe ex∣cepted, emong whome Iustice Hales of Kent was one, and of the Mayre and Aldermen and common counsell of the Citie of London, and moste parte of the Nobi∣litie, ladye Iane, daughter vnto Henrie Duke of Suf∣folke was proclaimed Queene, contrarye to that order that was taken in parliamente for the succession of the Crowne in the later daye of kyng Henry the eight, pre∣tendynge the feare of that whiche folowed in dede, that yf Mary should raigne, she would bring in foren power and the bishop of Rome.

But God, who wil not haue his truth mayntayned by puttyng heyres from theyr right: cōfounded their wise∣dom. And by that woman whō they wold haue shuldred frō her right, he punished their vnsaciable gatherynge of tresure vnder theyr good kyng. For he so turned the her¦tes of the people to her & against them, that the ouercam them without bloudshed, not withstandinge there was made great expedition against her both by sea and land.

For when the counsell at London perceyued that the

common people woulde not stande with theim, and that certayne noble men began to go the other way: they tur∣ned their tale, & proclaymed the lady Mary, eldest daugh¦ter to kyng Henry, and appointed by parliament to suc∣cede Edwarde, dyeng without issue. And so the Duke of Northhumberlande beyng by the whole counsel sent fo••the agaynst her, was lefte alone at Cambridge with some of his sonnes, and a fewe other, emong whom the Erle of Huntyngton was one, who was there arested, and broughte to the tower of London as traytours to the Crowne.

In this meane whyle, the lady Iane and her husband Gylforde, sonne to the duke of Northhumberland, wer made prisoners in the tower, where they had lyen frome the tyme of her proclamation.

Quene Mary.

THus dyd Mary the first begynne her reigne ouer this Realme, the .xx. of Iuly, in the yeare of oure Lorde .1553. beeyng at Framyngham cast••ll in Suffolke.

The .iij. of Auguste she came to London, and entred the tower, where she founde prisoners Thomas duke of Norfolke, Stephen Gardener bysshop of Winchester, Cuthbert Tonstall byshop of Durham, and Edwarde Courtney. And al these she restored shortly after, to their former dignities, and some of theim to greater, as Ste∣phen Gardiner whome she made Chauncelloure, and Courtney Erle of Deuonshyre, notwithstandyng they were before laufully depriued.

Shortly after, she restored Edmonde Boner of Lon∣don, doctour Daye of Chichester, Heath of Worcester, and Troublefield of Excester, putting out Ridley, Sco∣rye, Houper, and Couerdale. She put also out of Wyn∣chester Poynet, out of Yorke, the archebyshop, oute of Bathe, Barlowe, out of Lyncolne Taylour, out of Har¦forde Harley, out of sainct Dauids, Farrar, and from Cantorbury the arch••bysshop Cranmer. And besydes these m••ny ••eanes, as May, deane of Poules, Turner deane of Welles, Horne deane of Durham, H••ddon, deane of Exceter, with other many. And in a summe, al

all m aried mi••••sters, that would not forsake 〈◊〉〈◊〉 ••••∣ues a nd do penaunce, receyuynge the popes absol••cion, and promisse to becom true papists. But such as r••••us••d not so to doo, though they were remoued from th••ir pla∣ces to satisfie the holy fathers lawe, yet in shorte 〈◊〉〈◊〉 af¦ter they were placed els wher, in as much or more w••l••h then euer they were before.

All this was not done in the tyme of her firste being in the towre, but so shortely after as possibly it myght be.

Shortly after her comynge to the towre the bisshoppe of London beyng restored, appoynted maister Bowrne, a cannon of Poules, to preach at the crosse, who taking occasion of the gospel of the day to speake somwhat lar∣gelye in iustifienge of Boner the bisshoppe then presēt, who preached vpon the same text in that place that daye foure yeres, and was vpon the same most cruelly and vn¦iustlye (as he sayde) caste into the most v yle dungion of the Martials••e, and there kepte duringe the tyme of king Edwarde: his words sowned so euell in the eares of the hearers, that they coulde not kepe silence, but began to murmure and sturre in such sort, that the Maire and Al∣dermen with other estates then present, feared much an vprore. And some sayde, that one hurled a dagger at the preacher, but that coulde not be proued. In fyne the stur was suche, that the preacher withdrewe him selfe from the place. And maister Iohn Bradford ••at the request of the prechers brother and other, then being in the pulpit) stode forth and spake so mildly Christianly and effectu∣ously, that with fewe wordes he appeased all. And after¦warde he and Iohn Rogers conducted the preacher be∣twyxt them, from the pulpit to the grammer schole dor•• where they lefte him safe. But shortlye after they were both rewarded with longe imprisonment, and last of all with fyre in Smithfielde.

The next sonday folowyng, the quenes garde were at the crosse with their weapons to garde the precher. And when quiete men withdrewe themselues frome the ser∣mon, order was taken by the mayre, that the auncientes of all companies shoulde be present, leaste the preacher shuld be discouraged by his small auditorie.

The .xxii. of August the duke of Northhumberlande, sir Iohn Gates knyght, and syr Thomas Palmer, were beheaded at the tower hyl, where the sayd duke trusting to r••ceiue pardon (as some thought) or els geuen ouer to hymselfe, as commonly suche men be as walke without the feare of God, confessed that he hadde lyued in errour many yeres, and ••xhorted the people to embrace the po∣pishe religion, whiche he tearmed Catholike. But syr Thomas Palmer, who had led a lyfe no lesse dissolute, protested that he dyed in the fayth that he had learned in the gospell, and lamented that he hadde not lyued more gospellyke. Here we see two in one condemnation, the one receyued, & the other refused, so farre as man can se.

About the fyft day of September, Peter martyr came to London from Oxforde, where for a tyme he had ben commanded to kepe his house, and founde there the ar∣chebyshop of Canturbury, who offred to defend the do∣ctrine of the boke of Common praier, both by the scrip∣tures and doctours, [Anni regum Angli 8] by the helpe of Peter martyr and a fewe other. But whiles they were in hope to come to di∣sputations, the archebyshop and other were imprisoned, but Peter Martyr was suffred to return whens he came

In this tyme doctour Marten of the newe colledge in Oxforde, was pennyng a boke agaynst the mariage of priestes, which when it was finished by the helpe of Ni∣cholas Udall: was so lyked of the quene and the Lorde chauncellour, that doctour Marten had a commission to make free denizens of Frenche and dutche men, why¦che he executed in the springe folowynge, and made hys selfe a gentilman, and set foorthe his boke in print. But shortly after he was by doctor ponet, answered at the ful

The last day of September the Quene passed through the Citie of London to Westminster with great pompe And among other strange sightes there set foorthe, this was moste to be had in memory. A man stoode vpon the backe of the we••hercocke of Paules steple, withoute staye, hauyng a streamer in his hande. On the morowe she was crowned at westminster, Stephen Gardiner beynge minister.

The .x. day of October, began a parliament, wherein

were repealed al statutes m••de in the time of Kyng Hē∣ry theight for premunire and statutes made in king Ed¦warde the syx•• time for administration of cōmon praier and the sacramentes in the Englishe tonge. And furder thattaynder of Iohn Duke of Northumberlande was by thys parlyamente confyrmed. In this meane whyle many men were forward in the erectyng of Altars and masses in Churches. And suche as woulde stycke to the lawes made in Kynge Edwardes tyme tyll other sholde be established: were some of them marked and some pre¦sently apprehended, amonge whome Sir Iames Hales a knight of Kent, and iustice of the common place was one. Whoe not withstandinge he had ventred hys lyfe in quene Maries cause, in that he wold not subscribe to the disheritinge of her by the kinges will, yet for that he dyd at a quarter sessions geue charge vpon the statutes made in y^e time of Hēry theight & Edward the vi. for su∣premacie & Religiō, he was imprisoned in the Martialsy Counter & Flete, & so cruelly hādled, & so put in feare by talke y^t the warde of the Flete vsed to haue in his hering, of torments that wer in preparing for heretikes, that he sought to rid himself out of this life, by woūding himself with •• knife. And afterward was content to say as they willed him wher vpō he was discharged: But neuer qui∣eted in conscience, tyll he had drowned him selfe in a ry∣uer halfe a myle from his house in Kent.

About the .xviii. of October, ther was at Poules chur∣che in Lōdon a disputatiō appointed by y^e quenes cōman¦dement, about y^e presēce of Christ in the sacramēt of the altare, as thei call it. This disputatiō cōtinued .vi. daies, wherin doctor Weston was chief on the popes part, who behaued himself outragiously in tantyng & checking. In cōclusion, such as disputed on the contrary part wer dri∣uen some to flee, some to denie, & some to dye, though to the moste mens iudgementes that herde the disputation they had the vpper hand. About thend of October, one Michael Seruetus, a spaniard, was put to deathe at Ge∣neua for denying the eternall deitie of Christ Iesus. At this tyme died Iames Sturmi{us} at Strawsborow, a man of excellēt lerning & vertu, of the age of .lxiii. yeres.

In Nouember the archbyshop Cranmer (notwithstā∣dyng he had earnestly refused to subscribe to the kynges wyll, in disher••tynge his syster Mary, alledgynge many and pithy reasons for her legitimation) was in the guild hall of London arrained and attainte of highe treason, with the lady Iane, and thre of the duke of Northhum∣berlands sonnes, which al returned to the tower agayn.

In this meane whyle, Cardinall Poole beynge sente for by quene Mary, was by the Emperour requested to staie with hym, to thentent (as some thynke) that his pre∣sence in Englande shoulde not be a lette to the mariage which he intended betwene Philip his sonne and quene Mary. For the makyng whereof he sent a moste ample embassage, with full power to make vp the mariage be∣twixt them. Whiche toke suche successe, that after they had commoned of the matter a fewe dayes, they knytte vp the knotte.

This was doone aboute the begynnyng of Ianuary, and was very euill taken of the people, [The yere of the worlde 5515] [The yere of Christ 1554] [Anni regum Angli 8] and of many of the nobilitie, which cōspiryng among themselues made a rebellion, wherof syr Thomas Wyat knyght was the chiefe and begynner. Who being in Kent, persuaded the people, that the quene and the counsell wolde by foreyne mariages bryng vpon this realme moste miserable ser∣uitude, and establyshe popyshe religion. Aboute the .xxv. of Ianuarye newes came to London of this sturre in Kent, and shortely after of the Duke of Suffolke, who was fled into Warwikeshire, and Lei••e••••ershyre, there to gather a power. The quene therfore ••aused themb••th with Carewes of Deuonshire, to bee proclaymed trai∣toures. And sente into Kente agaynste Wyat, Thomas duke of Norfolke, who beynge forsaken of theym that went with hym, escaped to London agayne with greate difficul••ie, as he thought, although no mā folowed him. After the duke of Suffolke was sent the Earle of Hun∣tyngdon in poste, who entryng the citie of Couentrie be¦fore the duke, disappoynted hym of his purpose. Wher∣fore the duke in greate distresse committed hymselfe to the keepyng of a seruaunt of hi•• owne in a park••, who lyke a false traytoure bewrayed hym. And so hee was

brought vp to the tower of London. In this mean while Peter Carewe hearyng of that was doone, fledde into Fraunce, but the other were taken, and Wyat came to∣wardes London in the begynnynge of February, from whence themperors ambassadors sped thēselues away in hast al by water. The quene heryng of Wyats cōmyng came into the citie to the Gylde hall, wher she made a ve¦hement Oration against Wyat, declaringe that she ney¦ther had nor wold consent to mary otherwise then shuld seme to the counsell to be for the wealth of the realme. Wherefore she desyred them of the Citie to sticke to her in the suppressing of rebell••use traitours and desending her royall estate.

This done she appointed the Lord William Haward lieutenant of the Citie, and the Erle of Penbroke gene∣rall of the field. And lest any shuld escape out of the citie to Wiat, she caused the drawbridge of London to be cut of, and let fal into the riuer Temes. In this mean while was Wyat commen into Southwarke, And after two dayes there spent in vayne: he departed to wards Kyng∣ston, where he passed the ryuer by force, thinckynge to haue comen to London in good tyme, but he was disap∣pointed, partly by breaking the cariage of his ordinaūc•• and par••elye by wearinesse of the longe and foule iour∣ney. So that at his comminge to Charing crosse he was paste all hope of preuailinge. And yet suffered to go qui∣etly thorow the stretes to Ludgate, and returning thens was resisted at Temple barre, and there apprehended.

On the next day proclamation was made, that no mā should in payne of death, kepe any of the faction of Wiat in hi•• house, but forthwith brynge them oute, notwith∣standing that generall pardon was by the haralde decla∣red at the apprehension of Wyat the daye before, which was Ashewensedaye.

Then were ther gallowses and gibbetes erected in all parts of the Citie and suburbs of London to the nombre of .xx. or therabout, and many capitayns & souldyours of Wyats fac••ion hanged theron. Which ga••lowses stode styl•• in theyr places in the stretes tyll the beginning•• of Iune folowyng when preparation began to be m••••e for

receyuyng of Philip prince of Spayne.

The .xii. day of February was beheded the lady Iane, and her husbande Gilforde Dudley, two innocentes in comparison of them that sate in iudgement vpon them. For they did but ignorantly accept that which the other had wittingly deuised to take frō others to giue to them.

The .xxi. of that moneth was Henry duke of Suffolke beheaded at the tower hill, beynge condempned but .iiii. dayes before.

After this were condemned for this conspiracie many gentilmen and yeomen, whereof some were executed at London, and some in the countrey, and in fine the quene pardoned .iiii. hundreth of the common people.

The .xv. daye of Marche was committed to the toure, Courtney the Erle of Deuonshire, and the .xviii. of the same, the lady Elizabeth syster to the quene, both vppon suspition of wyats conspiracie.

Shortely after was apprehended in Northwales the lorde Thomas Graye, brother to the duke, & sir Iames Crofte, whiche lorde Thomas was after executed.

Immediatly there was a parliament summoned to be holden at Oxforde, where was made great preparation to the great hindrance of many of the inhabitantes. For it was afterward appointed to be at Westmynster, and was there holden the second of April, wherin the quene requested .ii. things, her mariage, & restoring of the pope the one she obtained vpon certaine conditions, the other wolde not be granted as than.

In this meane while, not onely the straungers that were in kyng Edwardes time, receiued into the realme for religion, emong whom one Iohn a Lasco vncle to y^e king of Poland was one: but many englishmē also fled, some to Friseland, some to Cleueland, som to high Ger¦manie, where they ••ound great fauour, but especially at Frankfort vpon Mea••e. And somme wente to Geneua, wher they found great fauour also. About the same time there were hanged at Chard in Somersetshire .iii. yong men for breakyng and burnyng of churche ornaments.

The .x. daye of Aprill, Archebishoppe Cranmer, By∣shop Rydley, and Hugh Latimer went out of the towre

towardes Oxforde, where they had disputacions wyth the deuynes of both vniuersities, and because they wold not recant they wer reserued in prisone, till they might be condemned by the popes autoritie, not withstanding that they answered most substantially and trulye.

At this tyme was sir Thomas Wyat beheaded at the towre hill, and afterwarde quartered, and his quarters set vp in sundry places, and his head vpon the gallowes at haye hyll ouer the thre that were there hanged in chai¦nes. And shortly after it was stolen awaye thence. Be∣fore he came forth to his deth, he did plainly declare that the ladye Elizabeth and Courtney were nothyng giltye of his faction, Notwithstanding that coulde not set the ladie Elizabeth at libertye.

Duryng this tyme many mad parts wer playd about the citie of London, but chiefely these: A cat dressed lyke a prieste at masse with the cake ouer her heade betwene her handes, was hanged vpon the gallowse at the cros in Chepe. And a ma••tie dog, shauen in the crowne, with a tippet about his necke was found in the quenes closet, and a letter was fastned to his tippet wherin were these words: I am a pore priest y^t com to sue for a benefice.

About this tyme Cardinal Pole went from the Em∣perour to y^e French king to intreat a peace, but in vain.

The xviii. of May was hāged, drawen & quartered at tiburn, Williā Thomas for cōspiring the quenes d••th.

The .xx. of Iuly Philip prince of Spaine, son to Char∣les .v. Emperor, ariued at Southampton, and was ther honorably receiued, & cam y^e fourth day after to winche¦ster where the quene had lōg loked for him, wher matri¦monie was betwene thē honorably solēnised, & the king¦dome of Naples for the mariage sake, to him by his fa∣ther graunted. Which thinges done, they rode royallye to London, whither thei cam and were ••umptuously re∣ceyued the xviii. day of August. About the ende of Oc∣tober themperour sent messēgers to the king his sonne, to geue him possession of the dukedom of Millayn.

The .xii. daye of Nouember there was holden at west∣mynster a parliament, to whiche Cardinall Pole was brought out of Brabant, beynge accompanied with the

English ambassadours sent for the same purpose among whome the Lorde Paget was one. He came to London the xxiii. of Nouember. And the first daye after, he came into the parliament house, beyng restored to his olde e∣state, f••om which kyng Henry had cast hym doune, and in the presence of th•• kyng and queene, he dyd after he had declared the cause of his lega••ie, exhort them al that there represent••d the hole body of the 〈◊〉〈◊〉 to retourne to the communion of the churche, and ••o restore to the moste holy father his due authoritie. Signifyenge vnto them that his holynes was in purpose to shewe great cle¦mencie and gentlenesse vnto them. And further he exhor¦ted them to geue thankes to god that hadde geuen them suche a kyng and quene. And laste of all, he dyd them to vnderstande, that he toke it for a great benefite at theyr handes that they had restored hym to hys former estate, and therfore he accompted him selfe the more bounde a great deale, to restore them to the heauenly court, which thinge he most desyred of all thynges. And when he had thus spoken, he went out of the parliment house.

Then stode vp the lorde chauncellor byshop of Win∣chester, and repeted the Cardinalles oration, with ma∣ny wordes of exhortation to concorde and vnitie, affir∣myng, that we oughte to geue moste harty thankes to god, that of his vnmeasurable mercy had styred vs vp a prophete of oure owne nation, whiche geueth hymselfe wholly to doo vs good.

The day folowyng, when the parliament had graun∣ted the Cardinalles request, they deuised a forme of sup∣plication to the kyng and queene, wherein they myghte moste humbly beseche them to be meanes to the Cardi∣nall for theim. The effect whereof was this. That they dyd earnestly repent them of theyr scisme, in refusynge to obey the apostolike sea of Rome, and in consentynge to lawes made against the same: promysyng that thence foorth they would be at theyr cōmandement to do what soeuer they shulde be able to do•• in that parliament, for the abolyshyng of all suche lawes and statutes.

The next day, so sone as the kyng, the quene, & Pool•• were againe present, the Chauncellour stode vp and de∣clared

what the parliament had decreed concerning the popes legates request▪ And then he deliuered to the king and Quene, the supplication of the parli••ment sealed, humbly besechyng them to receyue it: which whan they had receyued and opened it, they deliuered it to the chan∣cellour agayne to be redde, whiche he dyd, and asked of the w••ole house whether they consented to it or no. And when they had aunswered, yea: then the kyng & queene rose vp▪ and delyuered it to the Cardinall, who wh••n he had redd•• it, delyuered the bull of his legacy to theym, whyche was forthewith redde, that all men myghte vn∣derstande, that the pope hadde geuen hym power to ab∣solue theym.

Afterwarde, he declared, howe acceptable in the sight of god, the repentance of a synner is, and howe greatly the angels reioyce ouer one sinner that repēteth. And in conclusion he gaue thanks to God, that had geuen them a mynde so desyrous of emendement. when this was done, he arose, and so dyd the kyng and quene also, and then fell the kyng and quene doune on theyr knees. Thā dyd the Cardinall lyfte vp his fyngers, and blesse them, desyryng god to loke mercyfully vpon the people, and to forgeue the offence, and so he absolued the whole multi∣tude. And after this, they wente to the chappell, where thankes were geuen to god with pypynge and syngyng after the maner. Suche as knewe Pole before, and had had acquayntance with hym, meruailed muche at these doynges. For they looked for farre other thynges at his hande.

Nowe was the kyng, the quene, and all the commons at a good poynt, and in case mete to procede to the aduā∣cyng of Antichriste, and treadynge Christe vnder fote in his members, as thei dyd, in that they renued thre sta∣tutes for the punisshement of Christes people ••whome they call heretikes) and in repealynge statutes made a∣gaynst the apostolike sea of Rome, as they terme it. And som men thought, that Philip shuld haue had the c••oun at that parliament, but it came not so to passe.

In this meane while, many were kept in prison, that had bene apprehended some for preachyng after queene

Mary was procl••ymed, a••d some had actions of debte 〈…〉〈…〉 their charge, th••t they might ••e had in holde vn∣der colour of lawe, tyll the lawe was establysshed, that myght make an ende of them, if they wolde not submyt themselues to the churche of Rome.

Soone after the begynnynge of Ianuary, the parlya∣ment was dissolued: And immediately after, there were fyue men of god, and singularly learned in the scriptu∣res, brought forth of the prisone aboute London, where they hadde bene holden, as is sayde before. And bycause they woulde not submytte theimselues to the popes au∣thoritie, they were all condemned of heresie. Theyr na∣mes were Iohn Hopper bysshoppe of Worcester and Gloucester, Iohn Bradforde, Laurence Saunders, Roulande Taylour doctour of the lawe, Iohn Rogers reader of diuinitie at Paules. And shortely after was condemned Robert Farrer byshop of sainct Dauids in Wales.

All this whyle doctour Martyn was in greate autho¦ritie with the bysshoppe of Winchester, so that libertie and bandes were in his handes, and welle was he that coulde obtayne his fauour. But nowe it was ne••d••full to haue men more bloudy, for nede mad•• Martyn myl••. There were therfore appoynted in cōmission for the ••xa∣mination of heretikes, syr Roger Cholmel••y knyght, mayster Willyam Roper, and Doc••our S••ory. An•• ••o brynge theym in were appoynted Bea••d••, Iohn 〈◊〉〈◊〉, and Robert Caley, two taylours and a prynter. And be∣sydes t••ese, there were in euery parys••e certayn sworne to m••rke and present all such as shewed not themselues popyshe.

About this time it was determined, that ambassadors shuld go to Rome, to render thankes to the holy father, for the great clemency that he hadde vsed towardes this realme, makyng faithfull promyse of obedience frome thenseforthe for euer. These ambassadours tooke theyr iourney the lent folowyng, one of theim was Thirleby byshop of Ely, and the other the lorde Montacute.

In February the fourth day was bou••ned in Smith∣fielde, Iohn Rogers aboue named.

The eyght daye of th•• 〈…〉〈…〉 parson of Al•• halowe•• in 〈…〉〈…〉 at Couentrie.

The .ix. day, the aboue n••••ed ••ouland T••ylour was burned at ••adley in Suffol••e, where he 〈…〉〈…〉.

The .xxij. of the same was burned 〈◊〉〈◊〉 ••locester the a∣boue named Iohn Hopper byshop there.

Iohn Bradforde was a man of suche integritie of life that the cruell papistes coulde not for shame put hym to deathe as yet, but reserued hym in prison, trustyng that tyme woulde weare out the memory of his godly lyfe, but he so behaued hym selfe in prison, that the fame of his vertue grewe, euen to the hower of his deathe.

In this meane whyle, the Emperour Charles labou∣red by his brother Ferdinandus kynge of Boheme, to brynge the Germaines to a generall councell▪ fyrste at Ulmes, and after at Auguste, to whiche the Cardinall Moronus shulde haue comen, to trye whyther he coulde haue done as muche in Germany as Pole had doone in Englande. For the good successe that Pole had in En∣glande encouraged the Pope so, that he thoughte god was with hym, and that his churche coulde by no mea∣nes be conuinced of errour.

The .v. of Marche, Thomas Tomkyn a weauer, who dwelled in Shorditche without Bishoppes gate at Lon∣don, was burned in Smithfielde. This man hadde bene l••nge reserued in prison, and had bene often before the byshop of London, who on a tyme caused his hande to be holden whiles he bourned it with a candell, to proue howe he coulde away with burnyng.

The .xx. of the same moneth was burned at Burnde∣wodde, one William Hunter, an apprentise.

The .xxv. of the same moneth, was burned at Horne∣don on the hylle, Thomas Higby gentilman and biere∣bruer. And at Rayley was bourned Thomas Causon gentylman the same daye.

The .27. was burned at Braintry williā Pygat weuer

The .xxviij. daye was bourned at Malden, Stephen Knyghte boucher, At Danbury, Wyllyam Digell. At Colchester Iohn Laurence preacher. At Cardiffe,

Raulyn Whyte.

The seconde of Aprile, Iohn Aucocke died in prison, in Newgate at London.

The .xxiiii. of the same month, willyam Flower, other wise called Branche, was burned at Westminster. And fyrst his hand was striken of at the stake, because he had on Caster daie before wounded a priest in sainct Marga∣rets churche, in tyme of the mynistration of their hou∣sell, as they call it. The same day was bourned at West∣chester George Marche preacher.

In this meane while, many learned and worshipfull, and some noble personages, besides honest commoners a great numbre, conueyed them selues beyonde the seas some vnder licence, and some secretly, emongest whom the duchesse of Suffolke wyfe to Charles duke of Suf∣folke, was one, with her hus band Barthew, syr Fraun∣ces Knolles, and diuers other, chosyng rather to aduen∣ture affliction in a straunge countreye, than to submytte themselues to the Romyshe superstitious orders, and to commit that grosse ydolatrie, that the papists mainteyn.

Aboute this tyme, greate preparation was made for the queenes chyldbedde, Mydwiues, rocke••s, and other sortes of women in great numbre taken into the quenes lodgyng at Hampton Courte and not suffered to come home to their hus bandes. Besydes that, great prepara∣tion of al thyng pertaynyng to nursery, ••or it was plain¦ly affirmed out of the mouths of the queenes 〈◊〉〈◊〉, that she was greate with a man chylde, and some sayde with two. But in conclusion there was ••orne neyther manchild nor woman, that could be knowe••. Al••hough the priestes in euery churche through the ••ealm••▪ 〈◊〉〈◊〉 diligently and earnestly moued the people from tyme to tyme after they were about the beginnyng•• of Nouem∣ber, by testimonie of the counsell certified that she was conceyued, to pray that she myght bryng forth a prince, that shulde by iuste title reigne ouer the greatest parte of the christen worlde.

The laste daye of Aprile, in the mornynge ••efore the gat••s of London were opened, ther came a merie f••low to the gate at the bridge foote, affirminge that he mus••e

ride in post thorough the Citie, for the Quene was that mornyng delyuered of a prince. This shift he vsed to get the gate opened. But this worde flewe so faste thorowe London, and was so pleasaunt in the ••ares of priestes and parishe clarkes, that before .vii. of the clocke, all the belles in the Citie were walkynge, and shortely after Te deum, solemnely song, and processions set forth with Salue festa dies, Wyth the best Crosses and Copes, and besydes this bonefyres and bankets appoynted agaynst after none, And many thretnyng words spoken against them that were not forwa••de in thys ouer spedye ••eioy∣cynge. At this tyme the Erle of Arundell beyng presy∣dent of the Counsell, lay•• at his house wythout Temple ba••re, And hering the great noise of belles, he asked the cause therof, And when they that were aboute hym had told him the newes: he gaue no such credite to it but that he woulde sende to the Mayre of London to knowe the truthe. And when he could learne there none other truth then that whiche the priestes and clarkes hadde confir∣med with theyr singynge and rynginge, he sente imme∣diately to the courte, and not contente to tarye the re∣••ourne of the messenger, he rode afte•• in poste hymselfe, and so learned that the Quene, and such as were aboute her, had hearde nothinge of those ioyful newes.

But these newes stayed not there, for they ran in post not only into al parts of England▪ but 〈◊〉〈◊〉 al countreys of Europe also, and some wer puniss••ed, in s••me partes of Englande, for sayinge it was a lye.

But after it was manifestlye knowne to be a lye, the people were verie desyrous to so what s••ulde be borne to the staye of the succession of the crowne, for the w••ole number of mydwyues and rockers were retayned still at the courte. But at the laste all were sen••e awaye, and neyth••r prince nor princesse borne.

The .xxxi. of May were bourned in Smithfielde Iohn Cardmaker, otherwise called Taile•• precher and chan∣c••ler of the churche of welles, and Iohn warren vphol∣ster of London.

The fourthe of Iune was hanged at Charing crosse, for ••••bbyng a S••anyarde, william Toly pulter of Lon¦don,

Who at the t••me of hys death desyred the people to say Amen to his prayer, whiche was thus. From the ty¦rannie of the bisshop of Rome and all his detestable inor¦mities: good lord delyuer vs. For this cause he was af∣ter his death suffered to hange styll on the gallowes, tyl he stanke, and the•• being buryed vnder the gallowes, he was by the Bisshoppe of Londons officer summoned to appeare ••n the cōsistorie at Paules. And for lacke of ap∣pearaunce he was condemned of heresye, and adiudged to be burned. And afterward taken vp and burned in the same place.

The x. of the same moneth was burned at Chemsford Thomas Wats linnen draper.

The xi. day was burned at Cocke hall Thomas Haw∣kes gentleman, whose examinations are written. And Iohn Simson weuer at Rotchford, Iohn Erdley hous∣bandeman at Rayley. Nycholas Chamberlayne at Col∣chester.

The xii. of the same was burned at Maningtre Tho∣mas Osmunde, and at Harwyche, Wil••iam Butler.

In this meane was the ladie Elizabethe (syster to the Quene caried prisoner from the toure of londō to Wod¦stocke besyde Oxforde, whither the Lorde Willihams of Tame dyd curteously conducte her. But courrishelye dyd her keper Bennyngfielde behaue him selfe towards her both before and after.

In this moueth of Iune, the lord Chauncellor of Eng¦lande the Erle of Arundell, and the Lorde Paget, went ouer the sea to Calice with commissiō to treat of a peace to be concluded betwene the French Kyng and the Em¦perour, who had often communication with the French kyngs commissioners nere vnto Marke, the Cardynall Poole beynge presidente there. But they returned with∣out concludinge any peace.

The firste of Iulye was burned in Smith••ielde Iohn Bradforde preacher, Who (as it is before declared) was condemned with the firste, but reserued in prisonne tyll nowe, where he wrate diuerse worekes whyche were shortelye after put in prynte, wyth hym was burned Iohn Leese an apprentise of London.

The .2. of this moneth william Mynge minister died in Maydeston prison.

The .xij. daie wer burned at Canterbury Iohn Bland Preacher, Iohn Franckes vycar of Rownedon, Nyco∣las Sheterden, Humfrey Myddleton. Iohn Wade at Dartford. Derike Harman berebruer at Lewes Iohn Launder batchelar, at Steuenyng, Thomas Emerson bacheler at Chichester, and Rycharde Hooke there al∣so. The .xxx. daye at Rochester Nicholas hall: at Tun∣bridge Ioane Polley.

Aboute this tyme, the Lorde Courtney and the ladye Elizabeth were deliuered of bandes, but the ladie Eliza¦beth was appoynted her place & enforced to haue masse in her house. But Courtney was by the Cardinals pro∣curement sent into Italy shortly after, where he died as some thincke of poyson.

The laste day of this moneth, Robert Far••er before named, byshop of sainct Dauids, was burned at Car∣maerden.

The seconde day of August William Ayleward died in prison at Readyng, where he was holden for that he wold not consent to the popes Antichristian lawes. And at Saint Edmundes ••ur••e was burned that day Iames Abie••. At Uxbridge, Iohn Denby gentleman. And at Stratforde the bowe was bourned the widowe of Iohn Wa••ren vpholster of London, who was before burned wyth Ca••maker, in Smithfielde.

The .xi. day, ther was a terrible fight in the narrow seas betwene the dutch and French men: xi. ships brente and sonke: sixe great ships on the one parte, and v. hulkes on the other.

The xxiii. daye were burned at Canterbury, William Coker gentleman, Richard Collier Henrye Laurence, Wyllyam Hopper, Wyllyam Sterie, And Richarde Wryght.

The .xxiiii. day was burned at Taunton Roger Co¦rier.

The xxvi. were burned at Saincte Albones George Tankerfielde Coke, and William Bau••forde.

The .xxix. day was burned at Uxbridge Partrike pa∣Patingham

felmonger, who, as it was reported, renoū¦ced the Arians opinion before he dyed.

The xxx. daye were burned, at Stanes Robert Smith pa••nter, who in the tyme of his imprisonment, wrate dy¦uers thinges in Metre, which were after put in print. At Stortford Stephan Horwode Alebruer. And at Ware Thomas Fusse Ierkenmaker.

The xxxi. daye wer b••rned, Iohn Neweman yeman at Safron walden. William Hales, at Barnet. Robert Samuell, at Ipswiche.

This sommer there were buried at London in More∣fielde•• vnder an elmetree growyng in the corner of the field next the towne ditche: a paynter that died in Loth∣bury, and a poore olde woman that dyed in S. Myldre∣des paryshe, bycause they refused to be houseled after the popes order in theyr syckenes.

A littell before this, there was muche muttryng that the quene was deade, bycause she had so longe retayned mydwyues and rockers, and vpon a sodayn sent theym away. wherfore beyng at westminster, and determyned to go to Grenewiche by water: she was by ••he counsell at the request and suite of the mayre of London, persua¦ded to passe thorowe the citie to put all out of doubt. And so she did, the morowe after Bartholomewe day.

In the begynnyng of September kyng Philyp passed the seas to Caleys, and so went to Brussels in Brabant, to themperour his father.

The second day of September, was bourned at wal∣syngham, william Aleyn.

The thyrde daye of the same, were bourned Thomas Cobbe at Thetforde, and Thomas Coe at ••exforde.

The vi. daye were bourned at Canterburye George Bradbridge, Iames Tuttey, George Catner, Roberte Streter, and Antonie Burwarde.

The x. daye Iohn Lyfe dyed at Newgate in London.

The xiii. da••e were burned at Lytchefielde Thomas Haywarde and Thomas Gorwaye.

Aboute this tyme, one Tingle dyed in Newgate at London and certen other in the Lowlers towre, As Ry¦charde Smith, George Kyng and William Andrewes

Wherof some were at the commissioners commaund e∣ment layd out vpon the donghilles with••ute Moregate, but Tobias scholers buried them in the night.

The xix. day, at Couentrie were burned Robert Glo∣uer gentleman, And Corneli••s Bunge.

The iiij. of October were burned at Elye, Willyam Walley Weuer, and Robert Pygat paynter.

The xvi. daye were burned at Oxforde, Nicholas Rid¦ley Bishoppe of London, and Hugh Latimer sometime Bisshoppe of Worcester.

The xxi. of October was holden a parliament at west¦minster, and continued to the dissolution thereof, whi∣che was the nynthe of December. In this parliamente wer giuen from the kynges of Englande, the firste frui∣tes and tenthes, which in the tyme of kynge Henry the eyghte were geuen, and by parlyamente annex••d to the crowne of Englande.

The laste of this moneth were burned at Canterbury Iohn webbe gentleman, George Roper, and Gregory Painter.

Aboute the tenthe daye of Nouember dyed Stephane Gardiner Bisshoppe of winchester and Lord Chauncel¦lour of Englande, chiefe trauai••er in the bringing in of the pope and foren power into this Realme.

The vii. day of December Iames Gore dyed in Col∣chester pryson.

The xiiij. daye wyllyam wyseman dyed in Lowlers tower, and was ca••te into the fieldes vnburied.

The xviii. daye, Iohn Philpot Archedeacon of wyn∣chester, was bourned in Smithfielde. He was one of the chiefe that disputed in the co••u••tation house against the Papistes, and putte the same disputation in wri∣tinge. He wrate also his owne examinations, and gathe∣red manye authorities against the abuse of the Lordes supper, and the vsurped power of the bishoppe of Rome. He wrate also an Inu••••tyue againste Arrians and A∣nabaptistes. [Anni regum Angli 4]

The xxvii. of Ianuarye were burned in Smithfielde, [The yere of Christ 1556] Thomas Whitwel minister, [The yere of the worlde 5517] Bertelet Gre•••• gentlemā of the temple in in Lōdon, Thomas Brown, Iohn Tut¦son,

Iohn Went, Agnes Foster, Ione L••shford••.

The .xxxi. of the same moneth were burned at Canter∣bury, Iohn Lowmas, Anne Albright, Ione Soale, Ione Paynter, and Agnes Snode.

The .xix. of Februarye were bourned at Ipswitche two women.

The .x. day of Marche, there appeared a notable bla∣syng s••arre in the Southeast.

The .xxj. of Marche, Thomas Cranmer archebyshop of Canterbury, was burned at Oxforde. He wrate dy∣uers worthy bokes, bothe in the tyme of kyng Edwar•• and in the tyme of his imprisonment.

The .xxiiii. of the same moneth were burned at Salis∣bury, three men, one named Spiser, one Maudrell, and an other Liouerley.

About this tyme Cardinall Poole was made arche∣byshop of Canterbury.

The seconde daye of Aprille, Iohn Hulliarde mini∣ster, was bourned at Cambridge. And Hartpole, and Beches wydowe at Rochester.

The .x. of the same moneth were bourned in Smith∣fielde, Willyam Tyms, and Robert Drakes ministers. George Ambrose, Iohn Caruill, Thomas Spurge, and Rycharde Spurge.

The .xviii. day of the same month wer brent at Colche∣ster, Christopher Lyster minister, Iohn Mace, Rychard Nicoll, Iohn Spenser, Iohn Hamond, Symon Gyen.

The .v. of Maye were burned at Glocester, one Tho∣mes, a blynde boy, and one other named Croker.

The .xiii. day of this moneth Margaret Elyot, a may∣den, beynge condenmed to be burned, died in Newgate at London, and was buried in the fieldes.

The .xv. day were burned at Stratford the bow, Iohn Aprice, a clotheworker and blind, and Heugh Leueroke a lame man.

The xvi. daye were burned in Smithfielde, Katarin•• Hut-widow, Ioan Horne Maidē, And Elizabeth Thak∣n••ll mayden.

The .xxi. daye were bourned at Bekelles in Suffolke two men, and a woman.

The xxxi. daye william fleche died in the Kings bench, and was buried in the backsyde.

About this tyme sir Iohn Cheke schole master to king Edwarde, and sir Peter Carewe were trayterously ta∣ken in Flaunders, and from thense shipped and brought to the tower of London, and there kept till they submit∣ted them selues to the Pope, and then set at libertie. But sir Iohn Cheke lyued not long after.

The .vi. day of Iune were burned at Lewes in Sus∣sex, Thomas Harlande Milwright, Iohn Oswarde car∣penter, Thomas Reade and Thomas Auington. And the .xx. day were burned there Thomas Hoode minister and Thomas Milles.

The .xxiii. day Willyam Adhirall dyed in the kynges benche, and the .xxv. day Iohn Clement wheelewright, died there also, and were bothe buried in the backesyde.

The .xxvi. day of this moneth, there was bourned at Leycester, a marchantes seruant.

The .xxvii. day of the same moneth, there were burned at Stratforde the bowe in one fyre .xiii. persons, whose names were Henry Adlyngton, Kafe Iaxson, William Holywell, Thomas Bowyer, Laurence Parmene, Ly∣on Acoex, Henry Wye, Iohn Dorefall, Iohn Rothe, Edmunde Hurste, George Searles, Elizabeth Peper, and Agnes George.

The same daye Thomas Paret dyed in the kynges benche, and ii. daies after, Marten Hunt, and were both buried in the backsyde.

The xxx. daye there were .iii. burned at s. Edmundes burye.

The first of Iulye Iohn Carelesse weauer died in the Kinges benche, & was buried in the backsyde.

The xvi. day of the same moneth were burned at New¦bery Iohn Gwine shoemaker, Askin, & Iulius palmer.

The xviii. day wer burned at Grinsted, Thomas dun∣gate, Iohn Forman, and mother Tree.

Whiles the fire was thus raginge amōg the poore christians: there were certen as busy aboute a conspira∣cye, whose purpose was to haue robbed the Quene of her treasure in the Escheker, and thereby to haue bene

able to wage battell againste her, whiche purpose as it was fond, so fondly it was vttered by one of th••ir owne conspiracie. And c••rten of th••m were appr••hended, and executed: As Udall▪ Frogmorton▪ Peecham, Staunton and other. And dyuers other fledde the Realme for the same.

The firste of August there was burned at Exceter an olde woman.

The .xxiiii. of S••ptember were burned at Mayefielde, Iohn Hart, Thomas Rau••s••all, Nicholas holden, and two other▪ A••d the morowe after was bourned at Bri∣stowe a yonge man a glouer.

About this time ther was burned one Iohn Hor••e at Newen••, and a woman at wotton vnder edge in Gloce∣ster shiere. And at Canterburye in the Castell, Iohn Clearke, Dunstan Chetterden, Archer, Pot••ins wy••e, and Willi••m Fo••ter, died of famine.

In Oc••ober one was bu••ned at North••mpton, and it••. died in Canterbury cast••ll, and wer buried in the fields.

[The yere of the worlde 5518] [The yere of Christ 1557] The xx••i. daye of Ianuary were burned a•• Cante•• b••∣in one tyre, vi. persons. [Anni regum Angli 5]

The xxv. of the same moneth wer burned at Asheforde two, and at Wye othe•• two.

The xxvii. of February, ther came to London an Em¦bassadour sent from the kynge of 〈…〉〈…〉, wher one of the thre ships that vent••ed towardes the caste, by the north seas, fortuned to arriue.

About this tyme, D. Scot bishop of Chester, D. Wat¦son, bisshop of Lyncolne, and D. Christoferson bysshop of Chichester came to Cambridge, and there caused the dead carcases of Martin Bucer and Paulus Fagiu••, of whom is mētion before, to be solēnly somoned to appere before them & answere to suche heresies as shuld be layd to theyr charge. And so sat in iugement vpon thē, and cō¦demned them bothe to be burned. Wherefore they were taken vp out of theyr graues, and solemnely burned on the market ••il. And certen of the vniuersitie that in their lyfe tyme were verie frendly and familier with them, be¦gan now to defame them as heretikes, amonge whome doctor Perne was one. And nere about thys tyme, Pe¦ter

Martyrs wife shold haue be so serued at Oxford, but because none was able to say that euer he herd he•• spea••▪ any worde of heresie) for she was a straunger borne, and neuer spake englishe nor Latin) she could not be condem¦ned. But because she was wife to such a man, she was ve¦hemently suspected, and therefore remoued out of papi∣sticall halowed grounde. And as some saye, buryed in a dungehille.

In thys februarie, the Lorde Sturton (who had bene bolstred in mischiefe so longe as his godfather Stephen Gardiner liued) was arrayned at West minster, for the murder o•• two gentlemen. And in Marche folowyng he was brought ••o Salisbury, and ther hanged the sixt day of that monethe.

The same March, the xxii. day kyng Philip beynge re∣turned from Flanders came to london & passed through to west minster with great solemnity accompanied with the Quene and nobles of the Realme.

The xii. of Aprille, were burned in Smithfielde Iohn Lothes ••ye, Henry Ramsey, William Stur••le, And one Stanleys wife.

The xx. of May, Thomas Fowle, who hadde ventred his lyfe in preaching and ministring to the afflict••d chri¦stians in London, duryng the former yeares o•• trouble, beynge visited with sicken••s, died, to the great discom∣f••rte of the afflicted flocke.

The xxix. of the same moneth wer burned in. S. Geor∣ges fi••lde, Stephen gratwicke and william Morant.

This moneth of Maye, Henry Stafford came oute of France, and toke Scarborow castell by force, and kept it two days, and was then takē with his complices, and brought to London, where they suffred on the tower h••l.

About this tyme kynge Philip passed the seas againe into Flanders, and ther made great preparatiō against the French men. For Thempe••our his father had sur∣rendred to hym, all his ••nheritaunces in the lowe coun∣treyes, aboute whiche the warres betwixt him and the French men wer begonne and continued.

In the beginning of Iune folowyng, the quene caused opē wars to be proclaimed betwene England & Frāce,

and forthwith sent ouer an army to ayde kynge Phylip. Wherof the Erle of Penbroke was generall.

The .vi. day of this monthe were burned at Maydston Iohn Bradbridge, one Appleby a weauer, and his wife, one Aleyn and his wyfe, one Mannynges wyfe, and one Elizabeth, a blynde woman, at Bristowe.

The .xix. day were burned at Canterbury, Iohn Fis∣cocke, Nicholas Whyte, Nicholas Perdue, B••rbara Finall widowe, Bradbridges wydowe, one Ales Ben∣den, and one Wylsons wyfe.

The .xxii. day were burned at Lewes, Rychard Wood∣man, George Stephē weauer, Margery Mory••, Iames her sonne▪ Dionyse Burgise, Willyam May••erde, Ale∣xander Hosemer, his seruant, Tomazin at Woode, his mayden, one Ashedownes wyfe, and one Groues wyfe.

The .xxviii▪ day one Ambrose dyed in Maydston prison

The .xii. day of Iuly were burned at Norwitche, Sy∣mon Mulner yeoman, and a woman.

The second of August in the forenoone were b••urned at Colchester maistresse Smyth, otherwyse called Syl∣uers••de, one Uynes wife, and Elizabeth Fore, with .iii. other. And in the after no••ne .iiii. other. And the same daye George A••gles was hanged, drawen, and quarte∣red at Chemseforde, because in his praiers for the quene he besought God to tourne her hearte.

The .v. day were burned at Colchester one Thrustans wyfe, and an other Bowmers wyfe.

About this tyme the Erle of Penbroke with his com∣pany mette with kyng Philip at •• towne in France cal∣led saint Quintayns, which he besieged. And during the ••iege there were taken the .x. day of August, many of the chiefest capitaynes that the Frenche kynge had. And the .xxviii. daye of the same moneth the towne was ta∣ken by force.

The .xx. daye of the same moneth were burned at Ro∣chester, one Robert Frier, an aged man, and one other man, and two women.

All this tyme, doctour Weston (of whom mention is made before) was pricked with prouender, and neyed so faste after euery mans wife, that at the laste the very bol¦sters

of bawderie were enforced to call hym to Coram, and to depriue hym of al his spiritual promotions, wher¦of the ••ean••ie of Wyndsore was one. But he (trustyng that the holy father would not se such crueltie shewed v∣pon him alon•• for that that is so common in his coledge of Cardinals, appealed to the court of Rome. Howbe it he could not so escape. For as he was conueyghing him selfe awaye, he was taken at Graues Inne, and thense brought to the tower of London, where he continued til the Quene Maries deth, and shortly after was deliuered being sore sycke, and died the next day after. Some sayd that if he hadde lyued any whyle, he would haue vttered much of the papists purpose, as touching the burning of the bones of the famouse kynges, Henrie and Edwarde his sonne, and other thinges which he was priuie to.

The x. of September was burned at Lytchfield Ioyce Lewes.

The .xvii. day of the same moneth were burned at Ise∣lyngton, Rafe Alorton, Iames Ausco, and Margery his wyfe, And Richarde Roth.

The .xiii. of N••uember were burned in Smithfielde, Iohn Holidaye Carpente••, and one Sparowe, and one Rycharde Gibson.

The xxii. of December were burned in Smithfielde, Iohn Rowghe, preacher of the congregation of Christe, which in those daingerouse dayes had kept theim selues in secrete. This man succeded Thomas Fowle in that ministration. He was a scotte borne. And was betraied by a false brother, one Sergeant, an hosyer. With hym suffred one Margaret Ieames.

This meane while the Frenche kyng made great pre∣paration for warres, entendyng that whiche he brought to passe. For notwithstandyng that his purpose was per¦ceyued by the depu••ies of Calaice and Guisnes, yet su∣che securitie was in the Englysshe potentate••, that n••∣thyng was prouided for resistence. So that his power commyng to Calaice, wanne in order, fyrst Newnam∣bridge, then R••seb••nke, and then Calaice, and last of all Guisnes. This was done in the beginnyng of Ianuary. And all thys chaunced in lesse then than twenty dayes.

In these holdes were taken prysoners the lorde Went∣forde, deputie of Calaice, and the lorde Graye of Wyl∣ton, and the Capitaynes of the Castell, and other pie∣ces. And sir Antonie Ager was slayne. The merchaun∣tes of the staple and all the people were spoyled and sent awaye in great in miserie.

Immediatly after the winninge of these holdes, there came suche tempestes bothe by sea and lande, that the moste parte of the steples in Sealand, were blowen dow¦ne. And muche harme done in other parties also.

In February was bourned at Huntyngton one na∣med Lawton.

The .xxvii. of Marche was bourned in Smythfielde Cuthbert Simson, [The yere of the worlde 5519] [The yere of Christ 1558] [Anni regum Angli 6] one of the fyrst deacons of the con∣gregation that hadde lyued in secrete, in London. This manne was of woorthy integritie of lyfe. He was be∣traied with Iohn Roughe. He suffered muche in the tower and other prisons, bicause he beyng deacon could haue vttered many good menne, whose bloud the Papi∣stes thyrsted for, but he woulde vtter none. With hym were bourned one Iohn Demenes, and an other called Hugh Foxe.

This Marche, the Princis Electours, and other prin¦cis of Germany, came togyther to Frankforde vppon Mesne, where (hauynge a surrender of the Imperyall crowne made by Charles the fyfte, who had th••n deter∣myned to end his lyfe in an house of religion in Spayn, they proceded to an election of a newe Emperour, and in shorte tyme chose Ferdinandus, brother to Charles, kyng of Boheme. This Ferdin••ndus though he were a Papiste by profession: yet bycause some of the Pryn∣cis Electours wold not be present at Masse, he was con∣tent to be crouned at after noone without any Masse.

This sprynge was greate preparation made bothe by the Frenche Kinge, and by Kynge Philyppe also. But the Frenche kynge made suche speede, that he inuaded Flaunders, and spoyled and brente Dunkirke before kyng Philip coulde come to res kue. But before that the Frenchemenne retourned agayne oute of Flaunders,

they were mette with by the Flemynges and the quene of Englandes shyppes, vpon the sandes betwene Dun∣kirke and Grou••lyn, and of th••m slayn a great numbre.

Then dyd bothe these myghty princes bend theim sel∣ues wi••h all their power to inuade eche other, and spent all that sommer in campe in their owne persones with two mighty armies But after there had ben in October muche talkyng of peace that shuld haue ben concluded, they dyd in Nouember breake vp their camp••s, without eyther peace concluded, or fielde foughten, or any nota∣ble acte doone.

The .xv. of Aprile one Iohn Maynerde died in New∣gate, and was buried in the fielde.

The .xxvi. of Aprile were bourned at Canturburye two women.

The .xxvi. of May were ••ourned at Colchester, Iohn Haryson, Agnes George, and one name•• Daye.

In Iune were burn••d at ••orwi••he thre persons. And the sam•• moneth one Thomas Tyl••r, and one Ma∣thewe Witlers died in Newgate, and were burned in the fieldes.

The .xxvij. of Iune were burned in Smithfield, Hen∣ry Bonde a sadler, Iohn Slade, and other, to the num∣ber of .vii. at one fyre.

The fyrste of Iulye was bourned at wynchester one B••aynbricke, a gentylman.

The .xiii. of Iuly were burned at Braynforde at one fyre .vi. persones.

Shortly after this, queene Mary felle daungerousely sicke, and to shewe her some signe of his purpose, God toke from h••r two of her chiefe phisitions, but all wolde not helpe. Her byshops and she burned euen to the laste breathe. For euen in Nouember (the laste moneth of her lyfe) were burned at Ipswiche two, at Bery two. And at Canturbery, certayn persons. God therefore to geue his souldiours a breathyng tyme, toke this rodde of his from them the .xvii. day of Nouember, and set vp in her place, the seconde daughter of the noble kynge Henry, who by ryght title succeded Edwarde and Mary, dyeng without issue.

¶Queene Elizabeth.

THis most noble princesse began her reigne ouer this Realme, the .xvii. day of Nouem∣ber, in the yeare of oure Lorde .1558. And was then at Hatfielde in Hartfordshire, frō whens her grace came shortely after to the Citie of London, where she was so ioyfully receiued of the people, that wise menne myght well perceyue what hope the people had conceyued to receyue at her handes the thyng that her syster had taken from theim. On the contrary parte, her behauiour towardes the people was suche, that if the people had not delited in her before, yet must they nowe haue shewed them selues, eyther thank∣full to God for so good a chaunge, or els altogyther vn∣woorthy so gentylle, so louynge, and so coumfortable a Pryncesse.

But in her passyng through the Cite to the tower, and frome thens to Westmynster, and at her Coronation there, whiche was the .xv. day of Ianuary folowynge: the people shewed themselues so ioyfull, and she her selfe so thankefull, that it euidently appeared, that the Prin∣cesse and people ••••ryued, who shoulde deserue more at o∣thers hande▪

While these thynges were in doynge, God wroughte yet more for his church, For the next day after the quene Maries death, the Cardinal Poole dyed also. And with∣in .iii. daies after, the byshop of Rochester, and shortely after, the byshop of Chichester. And generally, so many priestes dyed in the realme in the tyme of quene Maries sicknesse, and about the tyme of her deathe, that doctour Scotte byshop of Chester, preachyng at Paules crosse, the .xxvii. of Nouember, affirmed that there was not for euery .iiii. churches in Englande, one priest. But byshop Boner of London besturred hym, and made newe prie∣stes as he had bene madde. What he mente thereby, lett•• wyse men coni••cture.

The .xx. of Ianuary began a parlyament, wherein a∣mong other thynges, the supremacy of the byshoppe of

Rome was longe debated, and euery man suffred to say what he coulde and woulde in the defence of it: but at the laste

Durynge the tyme of this parliament all preachinge ceased through the Realme sauing before the Quene in lent, where preached D. Cocks, D. San••s, D. Parker, maister Whithead, maister Grindall, D. Byll, maister Pedder, maister Scorie, maister Leuer, master Horne, maister Samson, And maister Wintrie. These all bent themselues to the vttermost of their knowledge, to beat down Antichrist and his power, and dyd therin so much that none y^t had not his her•• altogither hardened, would ones open his mouthe agaynste that they taught.

Thus dyd the Lord of his mercy take from his people his sharpe rodde, wherwith he had duringe the dayes of Quene Mary chastised them, as it may well appe••re by the noumber of theym that suffered in the tyme of her reigne, whiche were manye mo in noumber then are in this brefe chronicle remēbred. But god hath theyr name in his boke, and theyr teares in his bottell, and when the number shalbe fulfylled, he will be reuenged vppon th•• murtherers. The Lord graunt vs grace so to walk•• in his feare, that our vertuous Queene may•• continewe with vs, and sette forthe Goddes truth, so hys glorye and our saluacion. Amen.