A most excellent and learned vvoorke of chirurgerie, called Chirurgia parua Lanfranci Lanfranke of Mylayne his briefe: reduced from dyuers translations to our vulgar or vsuall frase, and now first published in the Englyshe prynte by Iohn Halle chirurgien. Who hath thervnto necessarily annexed. A table, as wel of the names of diseases and simples with their vertues, as also of all other termes of the arte opened. ... And in the ende a compendious worke of anatomie ... An historiall expostulation also against the beastly abusers, both of chyrurgerie and phisicke in our tyme: with a goodly doctrine, and instruction, necessary to be marked and folowed of all true chirurgie[n]s. All these faithfully gathered, and diligently set forth, by the sayde Iohn Halle.

The. iii. Chapiter.

☞Of the lunges, and theyr partes and offyces.

THe lunges also called in Greke Pneumon and in latine Pulmo,* 1.1 are set in the same holownesse, which are cold and moist of complexion, and is deuided into v. lobes

or partes: iii. or the ryght syde, and. ii, on the left. And ther is also the pannicle Mediastinum, being of like composytion wyth Diaphragma. And as Diaphragma deuideth the region of the brest and the partes therof, from the belly, so dothe Me∣diastinum deuide the lunges and the brest into.* 1.2 ii. seueral par∣tes, after the lengthe. And thys deuisyon of the lunges in partes was ordeined, that if one part perishe, an other may serue the turne.

And. iii. kindes of vessels we finde in the lunges worthy of note.* 1.3 The firste is an arteriall veine (mencioned in the firste treatise, chapi. 8.) comminge from the hearte, and brancheth into y^e lūges: bringyng from y^e heart liuely spirite and nutrimentall bloud vnto them. The seconde is a venal arterye, (wherof I haue spoken in the firste treatise cha. 7.) conueying from all partes of the lunges into the lefte ven∣tricle of the hearte, freshe aer: as well to temper and myti∣gate the greate heate thereof, as also to be made there (by mixinge wyth moste fyne bloude) pure and liuely spirit, by the workynge of the hearte, to be sente to the great arterye: and from him by all other arteries, to all and euerye parte of the bodye.* 1.4 The thirde is Arteria aspera, throughe whome the lunges drawe in and put forthe aer: for whose farther description, looke in the ende of the firste chapiter of thys treatise.

And from the firste spondill of the brest, whiche (if ye be∣gin to number at the vpper end of Nucha) is the. viii. spon∣dill of the ridge:* 1.5 from this spondill I saye, commeth two si∣newes, which geue felyng and mouing to the whole brest: for of them are made the muscles, and the mouing synewes of that place. And note, that some of the mouinge synewes and muscles of the brest, moue according to the wil, whiche for the moste parte come from the. vi. and. vii. paire of sy∣newes of the brayn, and of Nucha: and some synewes moue by the natural makinge of the brest. Which is knowne by the disease or sicknesse, called Apoplexia: The cōdition wher∣of is suche, that before the time of the sycknesse, the breste moueth: but in the houre of sycknesse it can not moue. For

in the time of sicknesse in this disease, the braine is founde stopped, from whence these synewes procede: so that by the sayde stoppinge of the braine, the animall spirites be suffo∣cate, and may not distende in the sayde synewes, to do their operation in mouynge.

Notes

• * 1.1

  〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉. 1. Pulmo.
• * 1.2

  Mediastinum.
• * 1.3

  〈…〉〈…〉.
• * 1.4

  Arteria as∣pera.
• * 1.5

  〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉. Stupor 〈…〉〈…〉.