A most excellent and learned vvoorke of chirurgerie, called Chirurgia parua Lanfranci Lanfranke of Mylayne his briefe: reduced from dyuers translations to our vulgar or vsuall frase, and now first published in the Englyshe prynte by Iohn Halle chirurgien. Who hath thervnto necessarily annexed. A table, as wel of the names of diseases and simples with their vertues, as also of all other termes of the arte opened. ... And in the ende a compendious worke of anatomie ... An historiall expostulation also against the beastly abusers, both of chyrurgerie and phisicke in our tyme: with a goodly doctrine, and instruction, necessary to be marked and folowed of all true chirurgie[n]s. All these faithfully gathered, and diligently set forth, by the sayde Iohn Halle.

The .i. Chapiter.

☞Of the shoulder and the chan••ll bone.

AFter the neck and the throte, as wel on the righte side as on the lefte,* 1.1 is ordeined a shoulder, called Humerus, in greke Omos, and of some Brachiō. Wherin there are* 1.2 .iii. bones knyt, that by the meanes of that forme and shape, the makinge therof may be the more noble and fayre: and al∣so the more profytable to mouynge and workynge. The firste of these bones, is the broade bone of the shoulder, whyche manye learned men calle Scoptulum opertum,* 1.3 and the Grecians O∣••oplatan. i. humerum latuni, and we vulgarlye Spatulam: whose forme and fashion in the hynder ende or parte towarde the necke,* 1.4 is broade lyke a bakers pele. And in hys lengthe he hathe an edge, that stretcheth to the heade of thys bone to∣warde the shoulder, passynge endlynge to the broade ende, whiche is towarde the necke. In whiche brode ende is knit a gristle, whiche spreadeth a longe besyde the spondilles of the brest, vnto the seuenth spondill of the necke. And on the other ende, towarde the shoulder, this bone waxeth greate, in the ende whereof is a holownesse, whiche is called the boxe of the shoulder bone. Wherein the rounde heade of the adiutorye turneth, as it accordeth to necessitye in the workinge of thys member.

Thys bone was made in this manner, that the bones of the brest and of the necke, shoulde be the stronger and surer in the shoulder, and that the adiutorye shoulde not be dislo∣cate or put oute of ioynte, for euerye lyghte cause. And by this it manifestlye appeareth that the bone of the adiutory, can not be dislocated backwarde.

In the former parte of the shoulder,* 1.5 is ordained a bone called Clauis, or Iugulum, in greke Cleis, and in English y^e fur∣cule or canel bone, which is tyed with the broade bone, be∣inge the seconde of the .iii. bones of the shoulder: and it is there sette, that this member maye abide the better in hys strengthe, and to beare vp that place, that it goe not oute forwarde by anye small or lyghte occasion. And thys bone is lesse then the broad bone of the shoulder in his knitting, that the shape of that place maye be the fairer and y^e more formable, and also that it shoulde not let the mouynge of the adiutorye. And so it plainlye appeareth, by reason of the beinge lesse of thys bone in that parte: that the round∣nesse of the adiutorye maye be dislocate forwarde.

And after these bones, there are insensible ligamentes, whyche binde and knit those bones together. And there is a certeine lygature in the middle of the aforesayde boxe or holownesse, entering the round end of the adiutory: whych knytteth the said round end w^t the aforesayde boxe. Of the breakinge and ouer stretchinge of whyche,* 1.6 succedeth a con∣tinuall departinge: so that therby the restoringe of the dis∣location is letted or hindered: In so much that other whyle when the bone is reduced, and broughte agayne to hys si∣tuation and being, after the restoringe therof, it will leape or springe oute agayne.* 1.7 And vnder the shoulder, betwene the arme and the bodye, is the place emunctory, wheras the hearte dothe sende forthe (in the time of Pestilence or other venemous feuers,) suche thynges as are vnto hym noious and contrarye: as experience proueth, of the filthye Apostemes that there come forthe at suche tymes in that place.

Notes

• * 1.1

  Humerus.
• * 1.2

  〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 i. hume∣rus.
• * 1.3

  〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉. i. Humerus latus.
• * 1.4

  Spatula.
• * 1.5

  〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 i clauis 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 ut Clauis a clau dendo. Iugulum. Iurcule.
• * 1.6

  NOTA.
• * 1.7

  Emunctorie place of the hearte.