A most excellent and learned vvoorke of chirurgerie, called Chirurgia parua Lanfranci Lanfranke of Mylayne his briefe: reduced from dyuers translations to our vulgar or vsuall frase, and now first published in the Englyshe prynte by Iohn Halle chirurgien. Who hath thervnto necessarily annexed. A table, as wel of the names of diseases and simples with their vertues, as also of all other termes of the arte opened. ... And in the ende a compendious worke of anatomie ... An historiall expostulation also against the beastly abusers, both of chyrurgerie and phisicke in our tyme: with a goodly doctrine, and instruction, necessary to be marked and folowed of all true chirurgie[n]s. All these faithfully gathered, and diligently set forth, by the sayde Iohn Halle.

Of the difference betwene the symple members and the compounde. Cha. xiii.

IT is mere nowe, sythe I haue called these members sym∣ple, that I shewe wherefore I call them so, and to shewe the difference betwene those that are symple, and them that are not symple. For howe maye they be called symple, if there be not also compounde members, wherby the sym∣ple

maye be knowne, as eche thynge is knowen by his con∣trarye? I saye that the symple members are two wayes to be knowne from those that are compound, by two notable dyfferences. Firste a symple member, if it he deuided in ne∣uer so manye partes,* 1.1 the least parte beareth the name of the whole, as thoughe it were the whole thynge: As for exam∣ple, the least parte of a bone, is called bone, the leaste parte of a synewe, is synewe: and the leaste parte of the fleshe is fleshe, and so forthe o•• all the reaste that are called symple. For Totum similare praedicatur de suis partibus.

For the whyche cause, as I sayde in the begynninge, they are also called in greke Homocomres,* 1.2 in latin Similiaria, or cō∣similaria membra that is to saye lyke for the leaste part is like it selfe in the whole. Contrariwise, it is nor so of the com∣pound members. For if a pece of a hand, an arme, a legge, a foote, a face, or a heade be seperated from the whole, it can not beare the name of the whole thinge, from whyche it is separate: & therfore are they not called Cōsimilaria, as are the symple members,* 1.3 but rather Dissimilaria, and in Greke Ano∣mocomeres, that is to saye, vnlyke, because a parte of them, beinge separated from the whole, is not lyke, but vnlyke it selfe in the whole:* 1.4 for I can not call a pere of a hand, a hand nor a pece of a heade, a heade. &c. Secondlye the compounde members are so called, because they are composed together of dyuers of those that are called symple. As for example, my hande is a compounde member: for it is composed of bones, gristels, pannicles, ligamentes, muscles cortes, sy∣newes, arteryes, veynes, fatte, and skyn. &c. Contrariwyse the symple members, wherof we haue spoken in all this ly∣tell treatise, as a bone, a gristle. &c. are alone symple of them selues, wythoute anye other to be named in them. And thus haue I proued sufficientlye, the difference betwene y^e sym∣ple members and those that are compounde: And haue she∣wed, howe that euerye member that is called compounde, hathe hys composition, of dyuers of them that are called symple.

Notes

• * 1.1

  The difiniti∣on of a sym∣ple member.
• * 1.2

  〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 i. similaris. cu¦ius pars ean∣dem rationem idemque nome cum toto ob∣tine••.
• * 1.3

  The definiti∣on of a com∣pound mēber.
• * 1.4

  〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉. i. quod ex dissimilibus cō¦positum est partibus.