A most excellent and learned vvoorke of chirurgerie, called Chirurgia parua Lanfranci Lanfranke of Mylayne his briefe: reduced from dyuers translations to our vulgar or vsuall frase, and now first published in the Englyshe prynte by Iohn Halle chirurgien. Who hath thervnto necessarily annexed. A table, as wel of the names of diseases and simples with their vertues, as also of all other termes of the arte opened. ... And in the ende a compendious worke of anatomie ... An historiall expostulation also against the beastly abusers, both of chyrurgerie and phisicke in our tyme: with a goodly doctrine, and instruction, necessary to be marked and folowed of all true chirurgie[n]s. All these faithfully gathered, and diligently set forth, by the sayde Iohn Halle.

¶The thirde parte of thys woorke, conteineth three Chapiters, namelye of Vlcers, the Cancer, and the Fistula. (Book 3)

Of Vlcers in generalle. Chapi .i.

VLcus, and Vulnus, doe manifestly dyffer▪ for Vulnus is a wounde or a cutte newly made: and an vlcer is a sore, corrupte, or oulde. Althoughe in Phisicke it bee sometimes founde,* 1.1 that an olde sore is of some named Vulnus:* 1.2 but there Vulnus is taken for Plaga,* 1.3 and not properly. An Ulcer also differeth from the Cancer, and Fistula, euē as‡ 1.4 Genus aspecie. For euery Fistula is an Ulcer, and so is euerye vlcered Cancer: but not contrari∣wise. and hereby shall the error of Rogerius, & Rolandus,* 1.5 be manifested: (who saye, that euerye wounde remaining vn∣cured, ii. or .iii. monethes, is not then Vulnus: but is called Cancer, or Fistula.) For all sores, commyng of vlceratyng Pustules, or of the coldnesse of the aer, or of anye corrupty∣on, or (properlye speakinge) by the incision of an aposteme: and also all filthye, and putrefied sores, are vlcers: And yet are they properlye neither Fistules, nor Cancers. For the Cancer, and Fistula, haue theyr proper differences: where in they varye from vlcers, as it shall appeare. In Ulcers therfore, there is some virulencye, with muche liquide cor∣ruption: and that corruption, if it haue a coloure tendinge to citrine, or redde: lette it be washed wyth coulde, and stip∣ticke lotions: as the water wherein Alumen hathe beene re∣solued, and wyth aqua Hordei & Lenticularum & Bal••istiorum,

bothe composed & simple. But if it be not coloured, lette it be washed with Aqua Mellis: and if the member be coulde i∣noughe, cum Melle & Vino, whiche lotions thou shalte putte into the vlcer. Or if it be holow, cast them in with a s••ring: continuinge the same, vntill they come foorthe agayne, as faire as they were putte in. But nowe if the vlcer shoulde be crustye, or shoulde haue corrupte fleshe, or fleshe myred cum Sani••: Then ought it to be mundified, 〈…〉〈…〉 & Vnguento apostolorum, & Vnguento Viri••••, which all shal be prescribed to thee in the ende. But if the vlcer be fraudu∣lent: or corrosiue: let the contagion be repressed, by layinge aboute it, the medicyne of Bole, often before shewed. And vppon it some stiptike corrosiue, suche as shall hereafter be geuen thee. After a perfecte mundification, made wyth the emplasters mundificatiues that are shewed and to bee shewed: regenerate the fleshe, and cicatrize the vlcer, wyth medicynes for the same: whereof thou shalte haue plentye, But marke thys well, that the purginge of the body by vo∣myte, healpeth muche, if the euell vlcers be in the ne••her partes: and by a laxatyue medicine, if they be in the vpper partes. For thys is a waye moste sure, because the matter that ranne to the vlcers, is tourned from the vlcer•• 〈◊〉〈◊〉, and goeth away: wherby the vlcer is the better mundifyed.

Of the Cancer. Chapi. ii.

VNderstande that a Cancer is eyther vlcerate or not.* 1.6 A Cancer not vlcerate, either is mad•• by growinge euen from the beginnynge of putrefied melancholye, as we haue sayde in the Chapiter of melancholike Aposte∣mes: At whych time it beginneth to shewe lyke a Lupyne, and sometyme it groweth lyke a greate Melon: or else it is made by conuertion of a harde aposteme, comminge of na∣turalle melancholye not corrupted, by layinge to it empla∣sters that are made of hotte inflāmynge thynges: or by thinges to muche atractiue, inducinge humores to y^t place.

And thys being Ulcered, is then called a Cancer vlcerate: whiche also maye come ••f woundes vndiscretlye healed. A Cancer not vlcerate, in the beginnyng therof, is not ea∣sye to be knowne: Notwythstandinge the perfecte sygnes thereof are all readye declared. But the signes of a Cancer beinge vlcerate be these. Firste the brimnies thereof be grosse, harde, reuersed, and curn••••ly wythin: and it ••tinketh muche. And also this is thereof an infallible signe: If thou washe it wyth lye,‡ 1.7 there will come oute superfluityes lyke slimye spittle. The fyrste generall rule in the cure of a Cā∣cer, is, that it is neuer perfectlye healed, vnlesse it be vtter∣lye extirped, wyth all his rootes. And therfore of this rule springeth a seconde necessarye rule, that it oughte not to be cured by cauteryes, eyther actua••le or potentialle: except it be in suche a place where it maye vtterlye be hadde awaye. If therfore the Cancer not vlcerate, be in a place replet•• with veines, s••ewes, muscles and arteries, as in y^t necke, or in the mammilles, or such like: see then that thou enter∣prise not to ripe it, nor breake it, nor cutte it, nor cauteryze it: but purge the bodye wyth some medicyne, that purgeth choler aduste. And geue hym a temperate gouernance of life, forbiddinge all meates, ingrossinge and burnynge the bloude: as Lentiles, Cole wortes, Chese, Beefe, Hares fleshe, Goose fleshe, Duckes fleshe, and Peper: and al other sharp thinges. And anoynte the place, and about the same, wyth this Unguente folowinge: whyche wyll alaye and a∣swage the malice, and defende it from vlceration. Rec. Tutiae lauatae, Cerussae: Ana, partes equales. Incorporate these, cum Oleo Rosato, & succo portulac••, or of some other colde herbe. Incorporate this medicyne in a morter of leade, puttynge in nowe of the Oyle of Roses, and nowe of the Juice, tyl the oyntmente be perfectlye made: And anoynte therwyth the place. But if it be in suche a place that it may be taken vtterlye away: Then cutte it awaye rootes and all: lettyng it blede largelye, and thruslynge the blo••de oute of the cor∣rupted veines, that therby the melancholy bloude maye be cleane wasted. And then canterize it with a whotte Iron, or

a burninge medicine. Laying to it after that, a Cataplas∣ma de Succo Apii, Melle, & Farina Tritice••, tyl it be mundified. After the whyche, regenerate the fleshe, and consounde it. But if the Ulcerate Cancer be in anye place nouryshed, so that it maye not vtterly be taken away: Then is it not best to cure it wyth a whotte iron, or a caustike medicine. But it may be palliated by annoynting it with the vnguente of Tatiae and the diete aforesayde: and so maye the patyentes life be prolor••ged.

Of a Fistula. Chapi. iii.

AFistula* 1.8 is a depe vlcer, whose orifice is streight and the bothome large: hauynge a callous ha••dnesse in the circ••ite inwardlye, like the quill of a birde: And in this thynge it differeth from an holowe vlcer. For a ho∣lowe vlcer that Rogerus, & Rolandus, and a great many mo, doe nowe a daies calle a Fistula: hathe no inward callous, hardnes, as a fistula hath. And because of that hardnesse, a Fistule is not perfectly mundified by Lotions and Iniecti∣ons, as is a holowe vlcer: but requireth (after the Lotions wrytten in the cure of Ulcers:) that the callous hardnesse wythin be remoued and mundified by cauteries, either ac∣tualle or potentialle. After the whyche thou shalte adminy∣ster vnctuous thynges: as Butter, and other suche lyke as wil supple and lose, the hard eschare or core, that was made by the Iron, or caustike medicine. And after that, mundify it wyth iniections, and Emplasters mundificatiues. And then lette it be incarned, wyth incarnatiues: and at the last consounde it wyth consolidatiues, and Cicatrizatiues.

Neuerthelesse note thys for a common remedye, as well in Fistules, as in holowe Ulcers, whyche is also good in a newe wounde: namelye, that thou induce the matter to the place moste dependente, if it maye be possyble, that the venemous superfluitye of the sayde Wounde, Fistule, or

or holowe vlcer, maye the more competentlye be dryed vp, or else prepare the member so, that the Orifice maye be al∣waye dependente. Of cauteryes or corrosiue medicynes, to corrode and cauterize the Fistule, and Cancer: And also the vnctuous medicins to make the eschare fall (made by thē,) thou shalte reade in the antidotarye. And note that the sayd eschare, made by the cauterie or sharpe medicine, ought not to be hadde awaye by vyolence, but muste be suffered: Layinge to the sore, the foresayd medicynes: till it falle away gently, wythout compulsyon.

Notes

• * 1.1

  Arte of medi∣cyne.
• * 1.2

  Vulnus.
• * 1.3

  Plaga.
• ‡ 1.4

  That is y^e generall from the speciall, or the kinde frō the forme.
• * 1.5

  〈◊〉〈◊〉 & Rolandus their errores
• * 1.6

  Cancer.
• ‡ 1.7

  For the whyche loke more in an annotation, set at the end of the. 4. part
• * 1.8

  Fistula.