A defence of the Apologie of the Churche of Englande conteininge an answeare to a certaine booke lately set foorthe by M. Hardinge, and entituled, A confutation of &c. By Iohn Iewel Bishop of Sarisburie.

The Apologie, Cap. 4. Diuision. 2.

Also the Councel of Carthage did circumspectly prouide, that no Bishop should be called either the Highest Bishop, or Chiefe Prieste.

M. Hardinge.

Here by your leaue, Syr Defender, you playe false, and are taken, as it were, with false Dyse, and therefore ye ought iustly to lose al that ye haue vniustly wonne by your false playe,* 1.1 and false Dyse: I meane your shameful falsefieinge of this Councel by you alleaged. And for this and other your fal∣sehed it is right you lose the credite, whiche vniustly (bicause by false Teachinge) you haue wonne a∣monge the Vnlearned.* 1.2 That your false plaie might not sone be espted, you doo as like to Mais••er Iuel, as though you were his Fathers Sonne. For that false sleight he vseth more, then any that euer I readde. For where as we haue seuen Councelles of Carthage, nether shewe you, whiche of them it is that you alleage, nor geue any notice of the number, where the Canon maye be founde. But contrari∣wise as the Lap winge with her busie crie leadeth a man from her neste, so you leade vs from the Place, where it is, by puttinge in the Margent of your Booke the number, 47. that not findinge it by your note,* 1.3 we should geue ouer further lookinge for it. VVho dothe euil, hateth Light, saithe Christe. So here falsefieing* 1.4 and forginge a Canon of a Councel, you would faine walke in clowdes, that your lieing might not be deprehended, &c. So had it ben done more circumspectly for furtherance of your fals hed, if the matter should neuer come to trial of Learninge.

Nowe, who so euer examineth the place truly, must nedes crie out shame on you, Defender, who are thauctour.* 1.5 The woordes, if you had listed to haue alleged them without falshed, be these, VVhiche we finde in the 26. Canon of the thirde Councel of Carthage, whiche Councel was Authorized by the sixth general Councel holden at Constantinople in Trullo. Vt primae sedis Episcopus non appel∣letur Princeps Sacerdotū, aut Summus Sacerdos, aut aliquid huiusmodi, Sed tātùm, Primae Sedis Episcopus. And thus they are to be Englished. It hathe liked vs (saie the Fathers of that Councel) that a Bishop of a First See be not called Prince of Priestes, or Highest Priest, or any sutche o∣ther

thinge,* 1.6 but onely a Bishop of a Firste see. Nowe commeth me this iotly Defender, and saith•• the Councel of Carthage hathe by expresse wordes, (for so mutche his Latine foundeth) that no Bishop should be called either the Highest Bishop, or Chiefe Pr••est. By whiche Canon thus by him vntruely vttered, he thought to deprtue the Pope of this* 1.7 Auncient Title, that al the worlde hathe euer at••ri∣buted vnto him, so as he be called nomore Summus Pontifex.

For the right vnderstandinge of this Canon two thinges are to be considered.* 1.8 Howe farre the Authoritie of this Councel ought to be extended, and what is meant by a Firste See.* 1.9 The Decrees of this Councel perteined but to the Prouince of Aphrike. For prouinc••al Councelles binde onely the pro∣uinces, in whiche, and for Order of whiche they be kepte. Onely the General Councelles are to be receiued of al.

By these two woordes,* 1.10 Prima Sedes those Fathers vnderstode any Citie, in whiche a Patriarke of Primate, who are of one office, though of diuerse names, hathe his see. I cal it a first see, or rather (if it might be permitted) a Primate see.* 1.11 In greate Citties where the Highest courtes for iustice were kept,* 1.12 and where the chiefe Pagane Priestes of the Latines named, Primi Flamines, were re∣sident before the comminge of Christe, there after Christes comminge were Patriarkes or Primates pla¦ced: by whom the weighte matters of Bishops should be decided* 1.13 VVhiche Order was taken firste by commaundement of S. Peter,* 1.14 as Clement writeth: by the Apostles and Clement, as Anacletus wit∣nesseth: by the Apostles and theire Successours afterward, as Lucius the Pope saithe.

Nowe the Councel of Carthage by this Defender alleaged, and likewise the Aphrican Councel ordeined and willed, that a Bishop of any of the Primate Sees of Aphr••ke shoulde not be called, Princeps Sacerdotum, aut Summus Sacerdos, Prince or chiefe of the Priestes, or High••st Prieste: by whiche woorde a Bishop is there signified: But onely a Bishop of the Primate See, whereof he was Primate. By whiche Decree they willed* 1.15 only theire Primates of Aphrike to kepe themselues with∣in theire limites, and not presumptuously to take vpon them more gloriouse Titles, and further Iuris∣dictiō, then to them pertetned, Lest surely they might seme to preiudicate the Popes Supremacie. Thus it is euident, thauctoritie of that Charthage Councel, being restrained to ••phrike onely, that by this Ca¦non the Popes Prima ie and Title is no Whit dim••n••shed or disproued. And so for al this Defender, he remaineth as he hathe* 1.16 euer, Highest Bishop.

The B. of Sarisburie.

What, M. Hardinge, so mutche falsehed vpon vs at one time? Falsifieinge of Councelles: Shameful Falsifieinge: False teachinge: False sleight: False Dise: False Plaie: and al False? Yet Christe saithe of him selfe, I am the Truthe. God geue you grace, to credite him. For the errour of quotation in the margin, wherin you spende so many woordes, it maye please you to knowe, that I neither was the Printer, nor coulde be presente at the Printinge. For the reste, if there can be any one pointe of Falsehed founde in me, touchinge the allegation of this Councel of Carthage, I wil not refuse to stande charged with the whole. But if euery of these horrible Falseheddes be found an euident, and plaine Truthe, then it maye please you, to take home al these prety Titles to your selfe againe, as in euery of these woordes so often doubled, and so heapte togeather, hauing your selfe commit∣ted a seueral Falsehedde.

And herein for trial of your courteous dealinge, I am contente, your selfe shal fit, and be the Iudge. For, notwithstanding it be thought of many, that ye dissem∣ble déepely, and wil not bestowe your voice to saie the Truthe: Yet I doubte not, but in this mater, if ye haue eles, ye maye easily looke vp, and sée the Truthe.

You saye, Sir Defender hathe falsely alleged the Councel of Carthage. And why so? For that he saithe, The Councel Decréed by expresse woordes, that the Bishop of Rome should not be called the Vniuersal Bishop. This, you saie, is For∣ged, and Falsified, and is no parte of that Councel. For indifferent trial bothe of the Truthe, and of the Falsehed herein, I beseche you, beholde the very woordes of

the Councel,* 1.17 euen as thei are alleged by your own Doctour Gratiā. These thei are: Primae Sedis Episcopus non appelletur Princeps Sacerdotum, vel Summus Sacerdos, vel a∣liquid huiusmodi: Sed tantùm, Primae Sedis Episcopus. Vniuersalis autem nec etiam Romanus Pontifex appelletur: Let not the Bishop of any of the Firste Sees be called the Prince of Priestes, Or the Highest Prieste, or by any other like name: but Onely, the Bishop of the Firste see. But let not the Bishop of Rome him selfe be called the Vniuersal Bishop. And in y^e Glose there∣upon it is noted thus, In hac Distinctione dicitur, quod Papa non debet dici V∣niuersalis: In this Distinction it is saide, that the Pope ought not to be cal∣led the Vniuersal Bishop.

Nowe, M. Hardinge compare our woordes, and the Councelles wordes bothe togeather. Wée saie none otherwise, but as the Councel saithe, The Bishop of Rome him selfe ought not to be called the Vniuersal Bishop. Herein wée doo neither adde, nor minishe, but reporte the woordes playnely, as wée finde them. If you had lookte better on your Booke, and would haue tried this ma∣ter, as you saye, by your Learninge, ye might wel haue reserued these Vnciuile re∣proches of Falsehedde to your selfe, and haue spared your Crieinge of Shame vpon this Defender.

Touchinge, that you so pleasantly cheare your selfe with these woordes, You doo as like to M. Iewel, as if you were his Fathers Sonne▪ I muste answeare you, as S. Augustine sometime did the Heretique Cresconius:* 1.18 Serua potius Puerilia Pueris: Keepe sutche Childishe toies to plaie with your Children. God make vs bothe like vnto our Father that is in Heauen.

Where you saie, of your selfe onely, without farther witnesse, that this Title is the Popes Auncient right, euer géeuen to him by al the world, I doubte not, but the vntruthe hereof by my Former Replie,* 1.19 touching the same, maie soone appeare. Certainely, when the same Title was offered to S. Gregorie, he refused it vtterly, as none of his.

In déede, this Councel of Carthage notwithstanding, the Title of Highest Bi∣shop was sometimes geuen, not onely to the Bishop of Rome, & other Patriarkes, but also vnto al other Bishoppes.* 1.20 M. Hardinges owne Amphilochius calleth S. Bastle Principem Sacerdotum: The Prince, or Chiefe of Bishoppes: Rufinus calleth Athanasius, Pontificem Maximum: The Highest Bishop. Nazianzenus calleth the same Athanasius Archisacerdotem Sacerdotum: The Chiefe Bishop of Bishoppes. La∣ctantius calleth euery Bishoprike Summum Sacerdotiū.* 1.21 Likewise S. Hierome saith, Ecclesiae Salus in Summi Sacerdotis dignitate pendet: The safetie of the Churche standeth in the dignitie of the Highest Priest.* 1.22 By whiche Highest Prieste, M. Hardinge him selfe saithe, is meante euery seueral Bishop within his owne Diocese. S. Augustine saithe,* 1.23 Quid est Episcopus, nisi Primus Presbyter, hoc est, Summus Sacerdos? What is a Bishop, but the First, or Chiefe Prieste, that is to saie, the Highest Prieste? Therefore wée may safely spare the Pope this Title, of Highest Bishop, not as Peculiar to him alone, as M. Hardinge imagineth, but as Common, and General to al Bishoppes.

Al that ye haue here alleged of the Iurisdiction of the Flamines, is a mere fan∣tasie▪ grounded onely vpō an vnsauery Fable of Anacletus, and Clemens. Neither are you hable to finde,* 1.24 either these names, Archiflamines, or Protoflamines, whiche here are imagined, in any Ancient allowed Writer, or any sutche Vniuer∣sal Iurisdiction to them belonginge.

The Firste, or Principal, or Mother Sees were limited, not by the Flamines, but by the Prince.* 1.25 So it is written in the Councel of Chalcedon: Quascunque

Ciuitates per Literas Regias Metropolitico nomine honorarunt:* 1.26 VVhat Citties so e∣uer by the Princes Charter, they honoured with the name of the Mother See. And therefore the Emperour Theodosius vpon displeasure conceiued,* 1.27 tooke that Name of Honoure from the Cittie of Antioche, mindinge it shoulde be so called nomore. And for that cause was the Cittie of Rome chosen emongest others to be a Pri∣mate, or a Principal Mother Sée, not for that either Christe, or Peter had so ap∣pointed, as M. Hardinge telleth vs, but for that it was the moste Noble Cittie, and of greattest renoume in al the world.* 1.28 The woordes be plaine: Sedi Veteris Ro∣mae Patres meritò dederunt Primatum, Quòd illa Ciuitas aliis Imperaret: The Fathers woorthily gaue the Chiefetie to the See of the Olde Rome: Bicause that Cittie had the Princehood ouer others.

Nowe concerninge this Decrée of the Councel of Carthage, it touched as wel the Bishop of Rome, as other Primates. And therefore Pope Adriane afterward alleging, and corrupting the same, added thereto this special Prouiso for him selfe: Nullus Archiepiscoporum, nisi qui Primas Sedes renent, appelletur Primas, aut Princeps Sacerdotum,* 1.29 aut Summus Sacerdos, aut aliquid huiusmodi &c. Salua semper in omnibus Authoritate Beati Petri Apostoli: Let no Archebishop, sauinge sutche, as heue the Principal, or Firste Sees, he called either the Primate, or the Prince of Priestes, or the Highest Prieste, or by any other like name, &c. Sauinge alwaies, and in al thinges the Authoritie of Blessed S. Pe∣ter the Apostle.

Notes

• * 1.1

  Falsefieinge of a Councel.
• * 1.2

  M. Harding is a mery man.
• * 1.3

  Iohan. 5.
• * 1.4

  Vntruthe. For, this Canon vvil soone be founde.
• * 1.5

  The 26. Canon of the thirds Councel of Carthage discus. sed.
• * 1.6

  Higheste Bishop, Prince of Priestes.
• * 1.7

  Vntruthe, as shal ap∣peare.
• * 1.8

  Vile Epistolam 〈◊〉〈◊〉 9. ad Pe∣trum & Iohan∣nem Aph••ic•• Episcopos.
• * 1.9

  Vntruthe. For this Councel na∣mely restrei¦neth the B. of Rome.
• * 1.10

  Prima Sedes, vvhat it mea∣neth.
• * 1.11

  Vntruthe▪ grounded vpon a fable
• * 1.12

  Distin. 99. de Primatibus.
• * 1.13

  Vntruthe, grounded as the For∣mer.
• * 1.14

  Dist. 99. C. Pro∣ninciae.
• * 1.15

  Moste manifeste & moste vaine Vntruthe. For the vvoordes of the Councel are these: Vniuersalis autem nec etiam Ro∣manus pon∣tifex appel¦letur.
• * 1.16

  A greate Vn∣truthe.
• * 1.17

  Higheste Bishop, Prince of Priestes. Disti. 99. Primae.
• * 1.18

  August. Contra Cresc. Li. 3. Ca. 38
• * 1.19

  Artic. 4. Gregor. Lib. 7 Epist. 30.
• * 1.20

  M. Hardinge•• Amphilochius. Rufinus, Lib. 2. Cap. 23.
• * 1.21

  Nazian. Ad H••∣ronem.
• * 1.22

  Lactan. Lib. 4. Cap. 30.
• * 1.23

  Hieron, contra Luciferianos. M. Hardinge in his Answeare to the Apologie, Fol. 204. b.
• * 1.24

  In Quaest. Ex vtro{que} Testamen▪ mixtim, Qu. 10••.
• * 1.25

  Concil. Chalced. Cap. 12.
• * 1.26

  A Primate See.
• * 1.27

  Chrys. ad Popul. Antiochen. Homi. 17.
• * 1.28

  Concil. Chalced. Ca. 28.
• * 1.29

  Adri••••. Papa. In Capitulis ex Sy∣nodis, & Cano∣nib. diuer. collec. To. 2. Pag. 611.