A defence of the Apologie of the Churche of Englande conteininge an answeare to a certaine booke lately set foorthe by M. Hardinge, and entituled, A confutation of &c. By Iohn Iewel Bishop of Sarisburie.

The Apologie, Cap. 11. Diuision. 3.

Bisides also, that God by his Prophetes often, and earnestly com∣maundeth the King, to cutte downe the Groues: to breake downe the Images, and Aultars of Idoles: and to Write out the Booke of

the Lavve for him self:* 1.1 and bisides that, the Prophete Esaias saith, a Kinge ought to be a Patrone, and a Nurse of the Churche, &c.

M. Hardinge.

Your seconde argumente for the Ecclesiastical Power of Kinges is, because God bad them to cut downe superstitious groues, and ouerthrowe idols:* 1.2 as though this were not an office of executinge a commaundemente, rather then of decreeinge any thinge. The Authoritie to discerne an image of Christ from an idol of the deuil, belongeth to them, who knowe, that an image is a name of art, which is of God: an idol is a name of false woorshippinge, whiche is of the Deuil. So that an image is godly: and idol deuilishe. VVhen the Prieste hath iudged this, or that, to be an idol, or when it is e∣uident, that so it is, then the kinge shal do wel to breake it downe.‡ 1.3 But if the Kinge wil breake downe the image of Christe, when the Priest telleth him it is a godly representation, and no idol: then the Kinge dothe more then his office requireth: And shal not onely not proue his supremacie, but also shal incurre danger to be reiected of God,* 1.4 as Kinge Saul was, when he despised to keepe the com∣maundement of Samuel the high Prieste.

VVhereas you alleage for a Kinges Ecclesiastical Power, that he was commaunded to write out the Booke of the lawe for him selfe: why lefte ye out that, whiche foloweth there immediately, accipiens exemplar à Sacerdotibus Leuiticae tribus?* 1.5 The Kinge muste write out a Booke of the Deuteronomie: but the example thereof he must receiue of the Priestes that be of the tribe of Leut. If in spiritual matters the Kinge were aboue the Priestes.* 1.6 why had he not the Kepinge of the Lawe in his owne handes? VVhy muste he take it of the Priestes? why did not rather the Priestes come to him, sith the inferiour taketh al his right of the superiour? If the Priestes muste geue the holy scripture vnto the Kinge, then verely muste he take sutche as they geue him, and with such meaning, as they geue vnto it. So that if you had not‡ 1.7 falsefied the meaninge of Gods woorde by leauinge out halfe the sentence, this place had proued againste you. It is to be weyed to what ende a Kinge is required to haue, and to reade that holy Booke. Verely not to take vpon him the parte of a iudge in causes of Religion: but as there it is expressed, to thintent he learne to feare his Lorde God,* 1.8 and kepe his woordes, and ceremo∣monies in the lawe commaunded, and that his harte be not lifted vp into pride, aboue his brethren, &c.* 1.9 I omitte, that you reade, Librum legis, whereas the Churche readeth Deuteronomium: * it were too longe to enter into that disputation. The booke of the lawe, signifieth the whole law: the Deuteronomie is but one of the fiue bookes.

VVhere Esaie calleth a Kinge a Patrone of the Churche, I haue not founde. But were it he called him so, it betokeneth, that he shoulde defende the Churche from worldly ennimies, as in repellinge the Turkes, in expellinge Heretikes, and sutche like Kingely actes. VVhiche proueth no spiritual supre∣macie, but vnder God a fealtie, and seruiceable power. I finde where Esaie saith, Et erunt Reges nutricij tui, & Reginae nutrices tuae.* 1.10 Kinges shal be thy fosterers, and Quenes thy nourses. But not euery nourse, or fosterer is aboue him, who is nourished.‡ 1.11 A faitheful seruant oftentimes fostereth the maister. Yet is he not aboue his maister. Besides, S. Hierome vnderstandeth the Kinges, whom Esaie nameth, to be the Apostles: accordinge to whiche sense, it maketh nothinge to the purpose it is allea∣ged for.

The B. of Sarisburie.

Al Christian Princes are mutche beholden to you, M. Harding: yée make them so like to Polyphemus y^• Giante. after his eies were striken out: that is to saie, to a man mighty in body, and greate in boanes: but starke blinde, and no waie hable to guide him selfe. A King, yée saie, maie not take vpon him, to Iudge, or Pronounce in maters of Religion, bee they neuer so cleare: but onely must hearken, & be ready to execute, what so euer shalbe thought good, and commaunded by your Bishoppes: as if he were onely your Bishoppes man. So saithe your Holy Father Pope Bonifacius. 8. Gladius Materialis exercendus est manu Regum,* 1.12 & Militum: Sed ad nutum, & patien∣tram Sacerdotis: The Material, or Temporal Swerde muste be vsed by the hande of

Kinges,* 1.13 and Souldiers: but at the becke, and sufferance of the Prieste: By which Prieste he meaneth the Pope.

But Dauid saithe, Now, yee Kinges, haue vnderstanding: Be learned, yee, that iudge the Earthe.* 1.14 Good Kinges haue oftentimes refourmed Religion, and haue law∣fully controlled, and corrected, and deposed idle, and wicked Bishoppes: as before, in place conueniente,* 1.15 it is largely proued. The Emperoure Iustinian threateneth, if the Bishop offended in saieing the publique seruice, or in the Ministration of the Sacramentes, that then he him selfe woulde vse his Authoritie ouer him, and see him pounished. Franciscus Zarabella saith, that for any crime notorious, the Em∣perour maie summone the Pope, to appeare before his Maiestie, and maie require him, to yelde a reckening of his Faithe. And yet wil yée saie, The Emperoure is stil the Popes man,* 1.16 and maie iudge nothinge in Causes of Religion without him?

The Kinge, yée saie, is not hable to Iudge, whether an Idole be an Idole, or no, but by the leadinge, and teachinge of the Prieste. So wel yée wishe al Christian Princes were instructed, that thei should not be hable, either to sée, or to speake without you. But, what if you Priestes saie, as it hath often happened, God is an Idole, & an Idole is God?* 1.17 Light is Darkenesse: and Darkenesse is Light? what if they saie, Greate is Diana the Goddesse of Ephesus? What if they condemne the innocente, and saie, as they smometime saide of Christe, Onlesse this man were a malefactoure, wee woulde neuer haue brought him to thy hande? Yet muste the Prince neuerthelesse drawe his Swerde, and strike, when, and whom so euer the Prieste biddeth: and blindely execute his wicked wil?* 1.18 In déede, M. Hardinge, you saie precisely: If the mater de∣creed be Spiritual, and apperteininge to Faithe, the Prince ought to obeie without question, or grudge Likewise againe yée saie, It shalbe yenough for you, to doo, as the Successoures of Peter bid you to doo. Christe nowe requireth of you, not to obeie Peter, and Paule: but to obeie him, that sitteth in theire Chaire: What so euer he saie, True, or false. For this, no doubte, muste be your meaninge.

The Kinge was bound to write out the Booke of the Lavve. This, yée saie, pro∣ueth not the Kinges Superioritie ouer the Priestes. No verily, M. Hardinge: Neither was it alleged by vs to that pourpose. Neuerthelesse, hereby it appeareth, that God woulde haue the Kinge to be learned in his Lavves.

But the Kinge muste receiue the Booke of the Prieste, and of none other: Therefore, saie you, the Prieste is aboue the Kinge. Mée thinketh, M. Hardinge, euen for your credites sake, yée shoulde looke better to your Logique. For what auaileth the de∣liuerie of a Booke,* 1.19 to make the Prieste, either higher, or lower? When the Pope is at his Consecration, the Cardinal, that is his Orderer, deliuereth him a Booke of the Epistles, and Gospelles. And wil ye thereof conclude, that the saide Cardi∣nal is aboue the Pope? Mary, God forebidde.

Goddes meaning,* 1.20 touching this Ceremonie. was this, that the Kinges Booke shoulde he true, and fautlesse. And therefore God commaunded him to take a Copie thereof, out of the Registrie, or Recordes, whiche were thought to be voide of al corruption, and were euermore keapte in the Temple, vnder the Custodie of the Priestes. Paulus Phagius saithe, Euery Priuate man was commaunded to haue one Booke seuerally to him selfe: But the Kinge was commaunded to haue twoo. And, for as mutche as the Kinge was a Publique Persone, therefore God willed him to take his Copie out of the publique Recordes of the Temple.

Your owne Hugo cardinalis saithe,* 1.21 Accipiet exemplar à Sacerdotibus: non à quibussibet, sed à bonis: Vbi nihil fucatum est: nihil corruptum: He shal take his Copie of y^• Priestes: not of euery Prieste, what so euer: but of the good: that in the same Copie there be nothing, neither coloured, nor corrupted.

Al this, M. Hardinge, wil hardely proue your strange Conclusion, that the

Prieste vvas Superioure to the King:* 1.22 It séemeth mutche better to proue the con∣trarie, that the Prieste vvas the Kinges Inferioure, and his Subiecte, and his Clerke of Recordes, as beinge appointed to keepe his Bookes. So S. Augu∣stine saithe,* 1.23 the Ievves this daie kéepe the very true Bookes of the Scriptures: Al be it, not for theire owne vse, but onely for ours. And therefore, he saithe, they be, not our Superiours, but our Seruantes.

Certainely, concerninge the Kinges, and Priestes of the Olde Lavve, one of your owne frendes, whom for many causes yée maie not wel refuse, saithe thus: In Veteri Lege Sacerdotium indignius erat Potestate Regia, & ei Subiectum: In the Olde Lavve the Priestes Office was Inferioure to the Prince,* 1.24 and Subiecte Vn∣to him.

Yée saie, If the Prieste muste geeue the Holy Scriptures to the Kinge, then verily muste he take sutche, as they geeue him: and with sutche meaninge, as they geeue vnto it. Yea, I trowe, though they teare theire roabes againste Christe, as Caiphas did, and crie out, He blasphemeth, yet muste wee by your Iudgemente, euermore seeke to them for the sense, and meaninge of the Scriptures. For this is the grounde, and Fundation of your Diuinitie: The Scripture of God hathe none other sense, but as it shal please the Prieste to geeue vnto it. But S. Chrysostome, speakinge of the same Priestes, and Bishoppes, from whome we haue receiued the selfe same Scri∣ptures, saithe thus:* 1.25 Literae quidem Legis apud illos sunt: Sensus autem apud nos: The Letters, or woordes of the Scriptures are with them: but the true meaninge of them is with vs.

Here you mutche disaduantage your selfe, and, as yée saie, omitte, that we reade, Librum Legis, whereas the Churche readeth, Deuteronomium: for that, as yée saie, it were too longe for you, to enter into that disputation. Therefore, M. Hardinge, we wil patiently abide your leasure, vnt il yée haue founde out the whole mysterie, and cō∣sidered it better. In the meane season, it shal not be good for you, to be ouer ranke with your Commentaries, vntil yée better vnderstande the Texte. Certainely, the wise and learned thinke, that herein yée are mutche deceiued. For, where∣as the Woordes are these, Describet sibi Deuteronomium Legis huius, they thinke, that, Deuteronomium, in this place, is not put for any one certaine seue∣ral Booke of the Fiue Bookes of Moses, as it is otherwise commonly vsed, but ra∣ther for a Copie, or a Draught of the Whole Lavve. And in this sense they saie, that, 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, is none other, but 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉, that is to saie, a Copie, or a Double.* 1.26 The Italian Translation hathe thus, Esso si scriuera questo Doppio de la Legge. The Frenche Translation hath. Le double. Leo Iudas translateth it thus, Describet sibi Exemplum Legis huius: He shal write out for him selfe a Copie of this Lawe. And, for somme proufe hereof, it is thus written in the Booke of Iosua: Afterwarde Iosua readde out of the woordes of the Lavve, bothe the Blessinges, and the Curses,* 1.27 accordinge to euery thinge, that is written in the Booke of the Lavve. And there was not one woord of al the thinges, that Moses Commaunded, but Josua readde the same before the whole congregation of Israel.

Where we allege the woordes of the Prophete Esai, Kinges shal be thy Fo∣sterers, and Queenes thy Nurces: yée saie, Euery Nurce, or Fosterer, is not aboue him, that is nouri∣shed. A faitheful seruante oftentimes fostereth his Maister. Yet is not he aboue his Maister. So lothe yee are, the Kinge shoulde be Superioure to a Prieste. And thus hanc yée brought about by your handsome Conclusions, that your Priestes be the Maisters, and Kinges theire Seruantes. And therefore it is discretely noted in your Glose, Imperator Romanus est Procurator,* 1.28 siue Defensor Romanae Ecclesiae: The Em∣peroure of Rome is the Stewarde, or Bailife of the Churche of Rome.

Notes

• * 1.1

  The Prince iudgeth in Ecclesiasti∣cal causes.
• * 1.2

  The Kinge is the Priestes Executioner.
• ‡ 1.3

  O Vanitie of Vanities: Aaron the Bishop sette vp the Golden Calfe, and cried vnto the people, This is thy God. But Mo∣ses the Ciuile Magistrate, or Prince, brake it dovvne.
• * 1.4

  1. Reg. 28.
• * 1.5

  Deut. 17.
• * 1.6

  Ful discretely. As though Kinges had not Officers, to keepe theire Recordes.
• ‡ 1.7

  Vntruthe. For vvee haue falsi∣fied no parte hereof: as it shal appeare.
• * 1.8

  Deut. 17.
• * 1.9

  Here M. Hard. vvould faine saie sommevvhat if he vviste vvhat it vvere. Reade the Ansvveare.
• * 1.10

  Cap. 49.
• ‡ 1.11

  By this prety Conclusion, the Kinge is the Seruant: and the Prieste is the Maister.
• * 1.12

  De Maior. & Obedien. Vnam Sanctam.
• * 1.13

  The Prince iudgeth in Ecclesiasti∣cal causes.
• * 1.14

  Psalm. 2.
• * 1.15

  Authen. Consti∣tu. 123. 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉.
• * 1.16

  Fancis. Zarabell. De Schemate, & Concil.
• * 1.17

  Esai 5. Actor. 19. Iohan. 18.
• * 1.18

  M. Hardinge, Pag. 302 a. M. Hardinge. Pag. 192 a. Pag. 192. b.
• * 1.19

  Ceremoniari. Lib. 2. Sectio. 2.
• * 1.20

  Paul. Phagius in Deuter. Cap. 17.
• * 1.21

  Hugo in Deute. Cap. 17.
• * 1.22

  Deutero∣nomie. A copie. A Double.
• * 1.23

  Augusti. Contra Faustum. Lib. 16. Cap. 21. Et in Psal. 58. Et sapè alibi.
• * 1.24

  Iohan. De paris. De potesta. Reg. et Papali. Cap. 5.
• * 1.25

  Chrysosto. in Ge∣nesim. Homil. 9.
• * 1.26

  Questo Dop∣pio. Le Double.
• * 1.27

  Iosua. 8.
• * 1.28

  Dis. 98. Si Impe∣rator. In Glossa.