A defence of the Apologie of the Churche of Englande conteininge an answeare to a certaine booke lately set foorthe by M. Hardinge, and entituled, A confutation of &c. By Iohn Iewel Bishop of Sarisburie.

The B. of Sarisburie.

It is euident by the recorde, and general consente of al Ancient Writers, that the Pope hath neither possession, nor foote of Landes, nor House to dwel in, nor the name of Vniuersal Bishop,* 1.1 nor Chartar, nor Libertie, nor Iurisdictiō, but that he hath receiued, either of the French kinges, or of the Emperours. Yet would he now beare y^• world in hande,* 1.2 y^t the Emperoure hath nothing, neither Landes, nor Honour, nor Power, nor Right, nor Swerd, nor Iurisdiction, but onely from him. If any man doubte hereof, bisides other testimonies of Antiquitie, lette him reade that moste vaine, and Childishe Donation, that the Pope him selfe hathe forged, vnder the name of the Emperoure Constantine.* 1.3 S. Ambrose saithe, Si non vis esse obnoxius Caesari, noli habere, quae sunt Mundi. Si habes diuitias, obnoxius es Caesari: If thou wilte not be subiecte to the Prince, then possesse not the thinges, that be of the worlde: If thou have worldly riches,* 1.4 then arte thou subiecte vnto the Prince. Likewise S. Au∣gustine, Dices, Quid mihi, & Regi? Quid tibi ergo, & possessioni? Per Iura Regum possessiones possidentur: Thou wilt saie, what haue I to doo with the Prince? What then haste thou to doo with Landes? For possessions are holden (not by the Popes righte, but) by the right of Kinges, and Princes.

Charles the Frenche kinge, Neuewe to Charles the Greate, wrote thus vnto Pope Adrian: Imperatores ius distinguendorum negotiorum Episcopis Sanctis iux∣ta Diualia Constituta permiserunt: non autem Episcoporum Villici extiterunt: Emperoures, by their Commissions vnder their greate Seales, haue graunted vnto Bishoppes Authoritie to heare causes: but they them selues were neuer Stewardes, or Bailifes vnto Bi∣shoppes. One of your owne late Doctours saithe,* 1.5 Papa habet gladium (Ciuilem) ex Commissione, & permissione Principis: The Pope hathe the Temporal Svverde, or Ciuile Iurisdiction, by the Commission, and Sufferance of the Prince. Ther∣fore it seemeth greate folie to saie, The Prince hath his svverde, or Iurisdiction onely by the Commission of the Pope.

Youre owne Barbarous Glose saithe,* 1.6 Imperator in temporalibus habet Pote∣statem à solo Deo. Et imperium fuit, antequam Apostolatus esset. The Empe∣roure in Temporal thinges hath his Authoritie (not from the Pope, but) from God onely. And the Empiere was, before the Apostles were. Againe, Imperator non habet gla∣dium

à Papa:* 1.7 Sed Imperium est à solo Deo. The Emperoure hath not his Swerde of the Pope: but the Empiere is onely from God. Againe, Ex sola electione Princi∣pum, dico, verum esse Imperatorem, antequam confirmetur à Papa: I saie, that the Emperoure is a very righte, and perfite Emperoure, by the onely Election of the Princes,* 1.8 yea, before he be confirmed by the Pope.

What shal we neede moe witnesses? Youre very Ceremoniarie of Rome saithe thus, Hoc affirmamus, ante Carolum Magnum, neminem Imperij Romani Coronam ex Manu Romani Pontificis Romae suscepisse: Thus we saie, that before the Emperoure Charles the greate (that is, for the space of eight hundred yeeres after Christe) no man euer receiued the Crowne of the Romaine Empiere at Rome,* 1.9 by the Handes of the Bishop of Rome. S. Bernarde hereof thus writeth vnto the Pope: Esto, vt alia qua∣cun{que} ratione hoc tibi vendices: non tamen Apostolico iure: Nec illud tibi dare, quod non habuit, Petrus potuit: Be it, that ye claime this right by somme other meanes, Yet by the Apostles right ye cannot claime it: Neither coulde Peter geeue you that right, that he himselfe neuer badde.

The Emperoure Ludouicus the fourth saithe thus:* 1.10 Mea Potestas non pen∣det à Papa, sed à Deo immediatè. Et vanum est, quod dici solet, Papam non ha∣bere Superiorem: My Power hangeth not of the Pope, but immediatly of God alone. And it is but a peeuishe vaine tale, that they saie, the Pope hath no Superioure. Iohannes Maior saith,* 1.11 Bonifacius Octauus multùm apparenter definiuit, quòd Ro∣manus Pontifex est supra Reges in Temporalibus: quod tamē oculatissimi Theo∣logi dicunt esse falsum: Pope Bonifacius. 8. hath concluded with greate shewe of rea∣son, that, euen in Temporal Causes, the Pope is aboue Kinges. But I maie tel you, the VVi∣sest Diuines saie,* 1.12 it is but a false tale. Iohannes de Parisijs saithe, In Temporali∣bus, Potestas Saecularis maior est Potestare Spirituali, nec, quoadista, est ei subiecta in ali∣quo: In Temporal Causes, the Temporal Power is greater then the Spiritual Power, and, tou∣chinge the same, is not subiecte to it in any pointe. Herueus saithe, Si Imperator habet Po∣testatem suam immediatè à Papa, Ergo, Imperator est Minister Papae: If the Emperoure receiue his Power immediately from the Pope,* 1.13 then is the Emperoure the Popes Seruante.

Al these Authorities notwithstandinge, the Pope him selfe saithe, The Empe∣roure hath no right, nor Authoritie, but onely of him. And, touchinge the laste Obiection of Herueus, that y^e Emperoure should be the Popes Seruant, he thinketh, it maie be wel admitted without any greate inconuenience. For thus saithe one of his Priuie Counsel,* 1.14 Iste Romanus Imperator, est Procurator, & Defensor Romanae Eccle∣siae. This Romaine Emperoure is (nothinge els, but) the Proctoure, and Steward of the Churche of Rome.

Likewise saithe Iohannes de Parisijs, Dicunt, quòd solus Papa est Verus Dominus Temporalium:* 1.15 ita vt possit auferre ab alio, quod aliâs suum est: & te∣net factum eius, licet peccet. Sed Praelati coeteri, & Principes, non sunt Domi∣ni, sed Tutores, Procuratores, & dispensatores: They saie, that onely the Pope is the right Lorde of Temporal Possessions: so, that he maie put any man frō his owne. And although he offende in so dooinge, yet his dooinge taketh place. But other Bishoppes, and Princes, be not Lordes, but Ouerseers, Bailifes, and Stewardes.

Therefore Pope Adrian namely thus auanced him selfe aboue the Emperoure Fredericus. 1. Imperator per nos imperat: Vnde haber Imperium. nisi à nobis?* 1.16 Ecce in Potestate nostra est, vt demus illud, cui volumus: Proptereà constituti sumus à Deo super Gentes, & Regna: vt destruamus, & euellamus, & aedificemus, & plantemus: By meane of vs, the Emperoure is Emperour: For, whence hath he his Empiere, but of vs? Beholde, it is in our hande, to bestowe the Empiere, vpon whome we liste. And to that ende are we pla∣ced by God, ouer Nations, and Kingdomes: that we should destroie, and plucke vp, and builde, and plante. Sutche proude vauntes the Pope maketh of him selfe, without either shame of the worlde, or feare of God.

Notes

• * 1.1

  Nicephor. li. 7. cap 46.
• * 1.2

  Cariō. in Bonif. 3 Sabellicus in Phoca.
• * 1.3

  Ambrosi. In Lu∣cam. li. 9. ca. 20.
• * 1.4

  August. In Io∣hannem, Citatur in Epist. Leodi••n. contra Paschalē Concil. Tomo. 2. Citatur ab Illy∣rico inter Testes veritatis. Pa. 102.
• * 1.5

  Herueus De Po∣test. Papae. ca. 18.
• * 1.6

  Extra. De Maio∣rita. & Obedt. Vnam Sanctam. In Gloss.
• * 1.7

  The Em∣perour re∣ceiueth his povver of the Pope.
• * 1.8

  Dist. 96. Cum ad Verum. In Gloss. 23. quae. 4. Quae∣situm.
• * 1.9

  Dist. 96. Cum ad verum. In Gloss Ceremonia. li. 1. Section. 5. ca. 7. Bernardus De Considerat. li. 2.
• * 1.10

  Paralipomena Vrspergen. in Ludouico. 4.
• * 1.11

  Iohan. Maior. 4 Senten. Dist. 20, quae. 2.
• * 1.12

  Iohan. De Pari∣sijs, De Potesta. Regia, & Pa∣pali, cap. 5.
• * 1.13

  Herueus De Po∣testa. Papae. ca. 19.
• * 1.14

  Dist. 98. Si Im∣perator. In Glos.
• * 1.15

  Iohan. De Pari. De Potest. Regia & Papali. ca. 5.
• * 1.16

  Auentinus.