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AL plumines be colde & moyste, some be whyte some be blacke & some be redde. They that be blacke and some what harde be the beste, they be called Damsons, and whan they be rype gather thē and slet them & sprynge
Uyneger vpon them, and so they may be kept•• in a vessell of woode a yere, and fyrste whan they be cu•• they must be layde in the sonne .xv dayes to dry, these Damsons haue vertue of coldnes and clensyng of the inwarde partes wherfore they be good in feuers that be sharpe & for costyfenes of the belye that cō∣meth of drynes or of Colorike hu∣mours dryenge, if it be newe gyue it hym to eat, if it be dry boyle it in water & gyue ye pacyente to drynke therof, thys is good for the Feuer tertian, for stoppynge of the lyuer, for the yaundes and sharpe feuers it soteth the bely, it is good for de∣faute of appetyte, and for many o∣ther deseases.
¶This is called Peper, it is hote and drye in the .iiii. degre. There be thre maners of Peper. Blacke whyte, and longe. Diascorydes
and Constantyne sayeth that they be frutes of tres growing in Inde and some saye that Peper is made blacke with brennynge in the fyre for whan it is gathered there be a great multitude of serpētes about it, & therfore they put it in the fyre to brenne the serpentes yt be about it, the Sarysyns drye it in an ouē bycause it shall nat encrese in an∣other lande. But of al the Pepers, the blacke is the beste and the most holsome. Take peper and put it in to the nosethrylles & it wyll make the to nese, and sethe peper and fig¦ges in wyne and drynke it, and it wyll clense the spyritual membres of tough humours, and it is good for the pose that is taken of colde. Also for the same eat pouder of pe¦per with fygges. Also powder of peper put in a mannes meat com∣forteth the degestion of ye stomake also put lōg peper ī a rosted apple
and eate it, and it shal comforte the degestyon. Also pouder of Peper wyll freate awaye deade fleshe or proude flesshe, & longe, Peper cō∣forteth more thā blacke. Also blac¦ke Peper hath vertue of losynge, comfortynge, and of drawynge, i•• clenseth the spyrytual membres of colde flewme & vycyous humours and beste whan the pouder of it is eatē with fygges for he hath great strengthe of heatinge and comfor∣tynge the stomake prouokynge ap¦petyte, but to Sanguyne and Co∣lorike persōs, it is nat good to vse peper, for it dryeth & brēneth blode and it engendreth leprye and other euyll syckenes. Plato sayeth that Peper is foule to se in syghte, with out blacke, & within with a sharpe sauour and a swete odour, littell in quantyte and muche in vertue.
Thys herbe is good to hele woū¦des
and to destroye venym, and to hele a postume and sore eyes.
❧ This is named Puleol royall it is hote and drye in the .iii. degre In the tyme of flowring it shulde be gathered, and it maye be kepte in his vertue a yere, whan it shall be vsed in medecynes, take ye leues wyth the flowers and strype them fro the stalke, and it hathe vertue of losynge and consumynge, for ye cold humours in ye head take pou∣der of it and hete it wel in a Skel∣let, and al hote bynde it to the gre∣uance without any lycoure. Also for a great cold taken in the head, and for a tough humor or a wate∣ry humoure make a garg••rysme, sethe ••ulyoll royal & ••rye fygges in a tarte vyneger, & take a good sponful therof as hote as ye maye suffre it, and holde it in thy mouth tyll it be almost colde, than put it
out and take asmuch more, and do so thre or .iiii. tymes and that shall purge thy head wel of flewme. also sethe it in wyne and drynke it and it is good for the desease of the sto∣make & guttes, and for colde cau∣ses, or for wynde in the stomake. Also it is good for toughe flewme in the brest, yf thou take pouder of it, and medle it with claryfied hony and make a lectuarye therof and vse to eate therof, or take the herbe therof & boyle it with wyne, honye or water and vse to drynke therof. Also for the blacke coloure drynke y• ioyce of it, or boyle it wyth wyne & thou shalt be hole. Also for a it∣chynge byle, laye this herbe in wa¦ter, and vse to wasshe the ytchynge therin warme & thou shalt be hole. Also for ache take this herbe al gre¦ne and stampe it & plaister it to the ache and it wil ease it. Also against
the cough boyle thys herb in wine and drynke it luke warm and this wyll make one to pysse well. For the desease in the bely stampe this herbe wyth comyn and water and lay it hote to the nauel and lightly it shall be hole, for the diseases in ye lyuer stampe thys herbe and tem∣per it with water and vineger and drynke the ioyce therof, and thou shalbe hole. For an ache in ye legs or armes take the leues of elders & Pulioll royall of euery lyke much and stampe them togither wel and playster it to the greuannce, and it is good for ye feuer tercian, yf thou take the braunches of thys herbe & wrappe it in a good locke of wolle and gyue it to the pacyent and let hym smell therto, before the feuer come on hym, and that shall do hī great ease. For the heade ache take thys herbe & bynde it fast round a¦bout thy hed and anone it ceasethe
the ache. Also yf a woman haue a dead chylde in her wombe stampe thys herbe and gyue her to drynke with olde wyne, and she shalbe de∣lyuered of it, by the grace of God.
For the crampe drynke the ioyce with vyneger fastynge and it wyl put it away.
☞ This herb is call maysh Hog∣ges fenel or mayden wede thys her¦be is hote and drye in the .iii. degre whan thys herbe is gathered for medecynes the roote is better than the herbe whan the rotes be gathe∣red they may be kepte all a yere, it hath a purginge vertue, it is good for the strangulyō or the flyxe and good for stoppynge of the splene & the lyuer, boyle this herbe in wyne or water and gyue it to the paciēte to drynke. Also sethe it in oyle and wyne and playster it to the share &
it wyll helpe the strangulion or the flix. Also the same playster is good for hardnes of the splen it molyfi∣eth that. Also agaynst the cold hu∣mours of the spyrytuall membres gyue hym to drynke water wt bar∣ly and thys herbe sodden to gyther and if it be a feruent cold humour than sethe the Barly and the herbe in wyne, and gyue it to the pacyēte to drynke with Lycoryce.
Thys is called perslye, thys is hote and moyst in the thyrde degre It multyplyeth greatelye mannes blode and doth away the Tysyke, it helpeth well to destroy the Feuer tertian, it is good for the syde and the dropsy, it comforteth the herte and the stomake, and it is good in potage and to stoppe chyckens.
Thys herbe is called peritory &
it is hote and dry, ye vertue of thys herbe is thus. If a man haue an euyll stomake or els akynge with∣in hym, take thys herbe and sethe it in thy potage and eate therof and thou shalt do well. Also thys herbe is good to hele one of the stone, yf he be bathed with it.
Thys is called a perseneppe, it is hote and moyste in the seconde degre. Ther be two maner of pers∣neppes, the one is the Persneppe of the garden, and the other is the wylde persneppe. They be more vsed to meate thā to medecyne hys vertue is to engēdre thycke blod & much, wherfore it styrreth the luste of the body yf it be much vsed ther¦fore it is good for amā that is new¦ly recouered out of hys great syke∣nes to vse to eate of it a whyle. Also they be good to be eaten rawe or sodden for y• melācoly humours
grene and not drye. To make a se∣rope to styrre the lust of the bodye and for to comforte the, degestyon take rootes of Parsneppes & sethe them well in water, thā take them o••t and caste away the water, and the rotes that be in gobbets, boyle thē agayne ī water thā put therto hony well clarifyed and lette them boyle vnto the thyckenes of hony, and cōtinually styre it, that it cleue not to the vessell and in the mydle of the boylynge, put in almondes yf ye haue them, in the end of the boylynge, put in gynger, galenga¦le, and a lytell peper & nutmegges & other swete sauored spyces. Also Parsneppes may be so wen in De¦cember, Ianuarye, and March, in fat grounde depe doluen and lose groūde and beste digged, and they be somwhat wyndye. Boyle them in two waters but caste awaye the fyrst water. Also there is Parse∣neppes
that is somwhat redde, the whiche maye be eaten both rawe & soden, & with thē and Nauewes to gyther ye maye make a very good meate and faire and rede in colour the whiche be sodden as Parsnep∣pes be.
☞This is called Plantaine, it is colde and drye in the .ii. degre, for head ache take Plantayne & bynd it aboute thy necke, & the ache shal go out of thy head. Also for desea∣ses in the body, sethe thys herbe in good lycour what ye wyll and vse to drynke it and it shall clense the mawe & the other inwardes. Also for him yt bledeth at the nose gyue hym to drynke the ioyce of it and it shal cease lightly. Also yf ye body of any man be wexen hard. stampe thys herbe with grece and make a playster of it & laye it on the hard∣nes and lyghtly it shalbe softe and
make it hole. Also for byting of a serpēt, take thys herbe and drynke it wyth wyne. Also for the desease in the mouth take the ioyce of thys herbe & holde it long in thy mouth and eat the leaues of thys he••b for hym that maye not wel pysse sethe this herbe and drinke it. Also for a rotten humour in the breast and a¦boute the harte take the ioyce of thys herbe the wayght of .x. d. and medle it with honye and giue hym to eate a sponfull at one tyme and that shal purge the breste, for ache in the r••te take thys herbe with vy¦neger and drynke it. Also it heleth woundes and clēseth the fylth out of woundes. Also it swadgeth ran kelynge and staunchethe the men∣cyons both with drinke and wyth playsters made with pouder of Ar¦moniake and of sandragoune and Barly medled wt the whyte of eg∣ges made in a playster & layd to ye
sore for the Canker and the payne in the gūmes, take the ioyce therof and medle it with hony and vyne∣ger and pouder of Alume and that shal slee the Canker in the mouth. Also for the feuers, stampe .iii. Ro∣tes of Plantayne, & tempre it with water and gyue it hym to drynke that hath the feuers and he shalbe hole, for the Iaundes stampe Plā¦tayne and Lettyse togyther & tem∣per them wyth vyneger and make a plaster there of and laye it to thy ryght syde & vse it tyl thou be hole, and it is good for the bytyng of an adder, drynke ye ioyce of it & lay the substaunce of the herbe to the sore, for the same hange the rote of plan¦tayne aboute the necke of the paci∣ent and meruelously it helpeth, for the potager, and for the disease in y• synowes stāpe the leues of it wyth a lyttell salte and playster it well therto, and meruelously it helpeth.
❧ Thys is called a leke, it is hote and dry in the .ii. degre, it desyrethe lou••e ground and fat and wel dū∣ged in that they shall beste profyte in hote places and tēperate. They may be sowen in Decembre in tem¦perate places & colde. They maye be sowen in Ianuary, February & Marche, whan the grounde is wel dygged and dyghte, and it may be sowen by it selfe or medled with o∣ther sedes of herbes in good fatte grounde well dygged and turned aboue it with good dōge, this sede wolde be sowen somewhat thycke and whan they be somwhat sprōg take vp the greatest lekes & plante them in forowes, but take a waye none of theyr roote whan ye set thē in ye forowes, but whan ye set them wyth a dyble, than cutte a way the rotes almoste vp to the leke head & awaye the vppermost of the leues
they may be planted in Iulie, Au∣guste, September & October, they be much profitable in March, and in Apryll nexte folowynge, but in your plantynge you shall nat seke after fate softe ground for menely groūde that is beste & that groūde that is almoste drye is beste, there is two maner at settynge of lekes, one is in forowes, as is the maner in Bonony and the forowe muste be fro the other a spanne large, and the lekes mast be set in the forowe iiii. fyngers brede eche fro other, & whan ye mnke nexte forowe caste the earth on the lekes and treade it downe softely with thy fote. The ii. maner is thus whā the groūd is well dygged & raked than make ho¦les with a great dyble & euery hole fro other a large spā more ī which the lekes must be set in, but fyl nat thy holes nor put earth on thē but let thē be voyde, iii. wekes whā we¦des
growe amonge them pul them vp & kepe thē clene fro wedes. Di∣uers auctours saye that the Lekes that be thus planted be better thā any other, or they may be well plā∣ted amonge great onyons & whan the onyons be taken awaye, wede the leke and you shall fynde them fayre and good and whā ye plucke vp, leue some in a place, & leue som for sede, y• whych sede may be kept iii. yere, and it be hanged vp in the hulles, Lekes be beste soden, or .iii. tymes wasshed before they be eatē. For a woūde take lekes and stam∣pe them wel with hony, and laye it to the wounde, and it wyll heale it, for the coughe take ye ioyce of lekes vse to drīke it, for y• same take ye ioy¦ce of lekes & medle it with womās mylke and vse to drinke it, & it wyl clense the longes of al vyces.
vulnusque appositum ceto cū sale claudit.
Thys is called Pellyter, it is hote & dri in ye .iii. degre, the rote is vsed in medecynes, fyue yere he may be kept in his vertu, & know ye wel y• hs sharpnes is not knowē, it shold be powned & holdē in ye mouth, He hath vertu of losīg & drawīg & of cōsumīg. To make a gargarisme take pelleter & fygges & boyle thē ī vyneger or swete wyne & it wil clē¦se y• brain of superflute of flume al¦so if it be chewed in ye mouth it hel¦peth ye palsy in ye tonge. Also for ye Palsye & podagar stāpe it & sethe it in wine & oyle & plaister it to the greuāce this plaster helpeth much therfor if thou may haue grene peliter stāpe it & lay it soking ī wyne xv. dayes, & after boile it wel & put therto wexe & oile for this is ye best oyntment for al ye foresayd desease
Thys is called Popy, it is cold and drye, There is two maners of them. The whyte Popye is colde and moyste and it is good to cause one to slepe. The sede therof well gathered maye be kept ten yeare, it hath vertue of clensyng. It is put in medecynes wyth a determyna∣cyon as the sede maye be receyued of white popy or black. For to pro¦uoke a slepe•• make ye a playster of eche of them or one of them wyth womans mylke and the whyte of an egge and laye it to the temples. The woman of Salerne gaue to yonge chyldred the popye but they wolde gyue them no blacke popye for it made them to much heuy. Also for a hote postume in the be∣gynnynge and for chafynge of the lyuer take the sede of whyte popye or els the herbe of it and stampe it and medle it wyth oyle of Roses
and playster it to ye greuaūce. Also for drynes in feuer e••yke, and in o∣ther feuers take & hete oyle of vyo¦let medled wyth powder of poppye sede, and annoynte the small of the backe therwyth.
Thys is called pollipodye, it is hote in the .iiii. degre and dry in the seconde degre. Thys Pollypodye is ferne that groweth vpon Okes or on walles, or stones but the pol¦lypodye that growethe on okes is the best. Gather the rotes of it and lay it a day in the sonne, chose that is grene, and that which appereth dry whan it is broken it is to be re¦fused, he hath vertue of dissoluing of drawyng of purging flewme & specially melancoly, wherfore com¦munely he is put in boylynge and to sleumatyke and melancolyous hole men, he is gyuen to preserue theyr health, and knowe well that
in ye boylynge of pollypody shuld be put in some thynge to exclude & put out ventuosyte as Anyse sede fenell sede, or Comin or els al these a foresayd sedes for thei exclud out muche wynd and vnbynde the hu∣mours. Also for the E••tidian and for Ilica passio and to kepe a man¦nes helth, do thus stampe halfe an vnce of polypody or an vnce yf ye wyll haue it muche laxatyue, than boyle it with Prunes nnd vyolet∣tes in Fenell water or Anyse, in a great quantyte than strayne it and gyue it the pacyente at mornynge and euenynge. Also stāpe it & sethe it in water with Fenell sede and wt water, & make a broth wt a chekin therin with swet sauored spyces & gyue ye pacyēt to eate. Also make a drynk therof after this maner stāp it & boyle it ī wine & after put mor wyne therto and so make vp your drynke with swete sauored spyces
Thys is called Pyony, it is hote and drye in the seconde degre, so sayth Ypocras & Galyen the good phylosophers, thei say that ye roote therof groweth to dyuers medecy∣nes and it wyll laste ten yeres, and it is colde for the palsy, dry the rote and drinke pouder with Caster sod¦den in wine. Also the same is good for the Stone. Also yf a man be costyue and maye not goo to the draught, take and strowe the pow∣der therof on Cotten and put it in to hys foundement, and drynke ye powder in whyte wyne. Also for a man or woman that hath the fal¦lynge euyll eate it and drynke it in wyne. Also hange the rote a∣boute hys necke and it wyll saue hym withoute doubte wythin .xv. dayes. Also it helpeth the sores in the mouth. Also yf thou sethe it in wyne, it helpeth the splene. Also
drynke Pyony with water & hony and do therto powder of Colyan∣der and thys is good for the stoma¦ke, for the mylte and for grauell in the raynes. Also it is good for wo∣men for dyuerse deseases, Also sethe it in whyte wyne and gyue a woman to drynke therof & it wyll hele her bledder & make her to pisse the stone, and it will hele her of the Marris. Also Pyony sede whan it is blacke it maketh delyueraunce of the bed of the childe in her wōbe and at euerye tyme whan he shall vse to drynke it, she muste drynke xv. sedes an tyme.