The peace of Rome Proclaimed to all the world, by her famous Cardinall Bellarmine, and the no lesse famous casuist Nauarre. Whereof the one acknowledgeth, and numbers vp aboue three hundred differences of opinion, maintained in the popish church. The other confesses neere threescore differences amongst their owne doctors in one onely point of their religion. Gathered faithfully out of their writings in their own words, and diuided into foure bookes, and those into seuerall decads. Whereto is prefixed a serious disswasiue from poperie. By I.H.

DECAD. IX.

First, Angelus, Bartholm. Fumus, Innocentius, Panormi∣tan against the common opinion, and Canon law.

ANgelus (in summa) and Bartholomaeus Fu∣mus hold, that all Parish-priests,* 1.1 or what Priests soeuer may heare confessions, may also in that Sacrament of confessi∣on graunt pardons: and they bring for them Inno∣centius, in Com. cap. cum ex eo: and Panormitane and o∣thers. But the common opinion teacheth the con∣trary, that no priests (vnder a Bishop) may giue par∣dons, vnlesse by commission from the Pope or Bi∣shop: and there is an expresse text in the law for it. Chap. Accedentibus, de excess. praelatorum. Bellar. l. 1. c. 11. pag. 64.

Secondly, Thomas, Durandus, Paludanus, Anthonius Tur∣recrem. Syluester, &c. against Bonauenture, Adrian, Caietane, Maior, &c.

FOr the cause of a pardon-giuing, some hold,* 1.2 there neede not be any proportion; but that it is en∣ough, that the cause be honest and holy: that is, that pardon be not graunted vpon an euill worke inioy∣ned, or a worke meerely temporall and vaine, &c. But such a one as pertaines to Gods glory, and the

profite of the Church. Thus hold S^t. Thomas, Du∣randus, Paludanus, S. Anthonius, Io. de Turrecremata, Syl∣uester, Io. Tabiensis, and our Gregorie de Valentia. O∣thers hold, that to make the cause iust, is required some worke, that may be proportionable to the pardon. So teach of the olde Schoolemen, Saint Bonauenture, Richardus; Aug. de Ancona, Io. Gerson, Ga∣briel, and of the later, in our age, Pope Adrian, Card. Caietane, Mai••r, Ledesmius, Dominicus a Soto, Petrus a Soto, Nauarrus, Cordubensis, to which adde Innocentius and Felinus. Bellarm. l. 1. c. 12. p. 68.

Thirdly, Bellarm. against Io. Gerson, Dominicus a Soto, Vega, &c.

* 1.3AS it is not to be allowed, that some vpon a good zeale, but perhaps ouer-hote, haue spoken with some reproach of pardons graunted vpon sleight causes, as Io. Gerson, Dominic. a Soto, Andreas Vega, &c: So Clement 8. is iustly to be praised, which hath re∣ceiued and vrged the Decree of the Lateran Coun∣cell, of moderating indiscreet pardons, &c. Bellarm. l. 1. cap. 12. pag. 71.

Fourthly, Caietane, Petrus a Soto &c. against Paludanus, Anthonius, Cordubensis, &c.

* 1.4FIrst it is questioned, whether the state of grace be required in a man at that time, when the pardon is receiued, or rather when the workes inioyned

are done, or when the pardon is first pronounced, or the letters there of deliuered. For Caietane, Petrus a Soto, and others hold, that the state of grace is then required, not onely when the pardon is receiued, but when the worke inioyned is performed, not when it is published, &c. Other very graue Authors, as Petr. Paludanus, S. Anthonius, Anthon. Cordubensis, and o∣thers hold contrary. Bellarm. l. 1. cap. 13. pag. 75.

Fiftly, some namelesse Doctors against Anthonius Adrian, Caietane, &c.

IT is thirdly questioned,* 1.5 whether confession (which commonly is one part of the worke inioyned) be required in deed, or purpose onely. The answere is, That if the forme of the Pardon do flatly set down, confession to be made within so many dayes, then it is to be required in deede, and actually, else not: yea though a man haue mortall sinnes; it is probable, that contrition alone with a purpose of confessing, will serue the turne; so hold Paludanus, Syluester, Pa∣normitanus, Felinus. But yet it is more safe and pro∣bable, that confession is actually required, and not in purpose onely: when a pardon is graunted vnder the tearmes of rightly penitent and confessed, as teach Saint Anthonius, Adrian, Caietane, Nauarrus and the Glosse. Bellarm. lib. 1. Indulg. cap. 13. pag. 77.

Sixtly, Caietane and Barthol. Fumus against all other Diuines.

* 1.6CArd. Caietane teaches, that besides fulfilling of the workes inioyned, he that would receiue par∣don, must haue a purpose to satisfie God, by his owne workes, as much as he may: which opinion of his is profitable and godly, but perhaps not true: since it is contrary to the doctrine of others. Ney∣ther did I euer read any that followed Caietane in it, but Bartholm. Fumus in Summa. Bellarm. lib. 1. cap. 13. pag. 78.

Seuenthly, Ostiensis and Gabriel against the common opinion.

* 1.7NOt onely the heretickes, but also amongst the Catholikes Ostiensis (in summa. l. 5. Tit. de remiss.) and Gabriel (lect. 57. in Can. miss.) haue taught, that pardons doe no whit profite the dead. But it is a most certaine thing, and vndoubted among all Ca∣tholiks, that by pardons the soules in purgatorie may be helped. Bellar. l. 1. c. 14. p. 80.81.

Eightly, Michael Medina against Bonauenture, Richard. Gabriel, Maior, &c.

* 1.8IT is questioned how pardons may helpe the dead: For Michael Medina, dis. 7. c. 34. holdes, that the

soules of the deceased belong to the iurisdiction of the Pope, and that they may receiue pardon from him, by way of absolution. But almost all writers hold the contrary, as S^t. Bonauenture, Richardus, Ga∣briel, Io. Maior, Caietane, Dominicus a Soto, Petrus a Soto, Nauarrus, &c. Cordubensis. Bellarm. lib. 1. cap. 14. pag. 82.

Ninthly, three different opinions of Papists.

HOw pardons doe helpe the dead,* 1.9 by way of suf∣frage: see controuerted in three opinions, and two of them confuted by Bellarm. l. 1. cap. 14. p. 85.

Tenthly, Dominicus a Soto, and Nauarrus against Caie∣tane, Petrus a Soto, Cordubensis.

THe hardest question of all is,* 1.10 whether pardons doe helpe the dead, vpon any iustice and wor∣thines, or onely vpon meere fauor of God, and con∣gruity: some hold it is in iustice and condignity, as Dominicus a Soto vpon 4. d. 21 Nauarrus de Iubil. not. 22. Others hold it meerely vpon the mercy, and bounty of God, and therfore only of congruity. So Caietane, Petrus a Soto, Cordubensis. Bellarm. l. 1. cap. 14. pag. 86.87.

Notes

• * 1.1

  Deni{que} Angelus in summa.
• * 1.2

  Ad iustam cau∣sam requiri &c.
• * 1.3

  ••icu•• ••roban∣••••n non est quod &c.
• * 1.4

  An requiratur status gratiae &c
• * 1.5

  Tertia quaestio est de confessione
• * 1.6

  Nam Cardinali•• Caietan. &c.
• * 1.7

  Ex Catholicis Ostiensis.
• * 1.8

  De modo quo indul. &c.
• * 1.9

  Quid significet per modum suf∣fragij &c.
• * 1.10

  Difficillima om∣nium ea est &c.