The peace of Rome Proclaimed to all the world, by her famous Cardinall Bellarmine, and the no lesse famous casuist Nauarre. Whereof the one acknowledgeth, and numbers vp aboue three hundred differences of opinion, maintained in the popish church. The other confesses neere threescore differences amongst their owne doctors in one onely point of their religion. Gathered faithfully out of their writings in their own words, and diuided into foure bookes, and those into seuerall decads. Whereto is prefixed a serious disswasiue from poperie. By I.H.

DECAD. VI.

First, Bellarm. against Platina and Polidor. Virgil.

* 1.1DAmasus in his Pontificall, in the life of Soter and Siluester Popes, amongst other holy vessels, makes mention of Censers; wherefore it is false, which Platina in the

life of Sixtus 1. and Polidore Virgil in his booke of the Deuisers of things, write, that Leo 3. which liued An. Dom. 800. was the first, that vsed Frankincense in the Masse. Bellarm. 2. b. of Masse, cap. 15. pag. 843.

Secondly, Bellarmine against other Papists.

THat Celestinus 1. was not the first Author of [the Introitus] in the Masse,* 1.2 see defended by Bellarm. against the consent of their Writers, as himselfe confesses. Bellarm. ibid. c. 16. p. 846.

Thirdly, Bellarmine against many Papists.

THat Anastasius 1. was not the first Author of stan∣ding at the Gospell,* 1.3 is held by Bellarmine against many of their writers. ibid. c. 16. p. 853.

Fourthly, foure seuerall opinions of Popish Doctors.

SCotus, Occam, and Gabriel (vpon 4. Sent. dist. 14.) place the essence of the Sacrament of Penance,* 1.4 in absolution onely, &c. The question then is, whe∣ther there be any thing besides absolution, which be∣longs to the nature and essence of this Sacrament. Of this there are foure opinions: the first is, that only absolution makes the essence of this Sacrament. So of our Catholike Diuines, Scotus, Occam, Io. Maior,

Iacob. Almaine and others, &c. The last and truest opi∣nion is, that the Sacrament of penance consists of two parts, inward, and essentiall to it; the absolution of the Priest, as the forme, and the acts of the peni∣tent, as the matter; which was the opinion of many old Diuines: S^t. Thomas, Richardus, Durandus and o∣thers vpon 4. Sent. dist. 14. and is now held by almost all that write of this Sacrament. Bellarm. 1. b. of pe∣nance, cap. 15. pag. 92.

Fiftly, Gratian and Bonauenture against the rest.

* 1.5THen Chemnitius addes, that there are diuers opi∣nions of our Catholikes, concerning the necessi∣ty of confession; and this he proues out of Gratian, and a Glosse of his, & out of Bonauenture: these are all his fathers, &c. But say that confession doth not stand by the law of God, as Kemnitius would proue out of a certaine Glosse, which yet the Catholikes mislike. Bellarm. 1. b. of penance, cap, 11. pag. 79.

Sixtly, Scotus confuted by Bellarmine.

* 1.6NEyther is that aptly and well said by Scotus, that penance is the absolution of the penitent, done in a set forme of words, &c. For penance is the act of the penitent, not of the Priest, and absolution is an act of the Priest, not of the penitent. Bellarm. ibid. c. 15. p. 96.

Seuenthly, Gropperus reiected by Bellarmine.

* 1.7THere is no Catholike writer which makes the matter of this Sacrament to be onely the action of the Priest, pronouncing absolution in a set forme; saue onely Gropperus, or whosoeuer was the Author of the Enchiridion Coloniense; which sometimes seemes to speake very vnheedely. For Diuines would eyther haue it consist in absolution alone, or else they assigne the matter to be on the behalfe of the penitent; the forme from the Priest: which indeede is the commonest opinion of almost all. Bellarmine 1. b. of pen. cap. 16. p. 98.

Eightly, Scotists against Thomas, Bonauenture, and others: Vega, Ferrariensis, &c.

THe Scotists obiect,* 1.8 that absolution alone is the cause of grace, for that al the power of the Sacra∣ment rests in the keyes; which are the Priests, not the penitents: I answer first, by denying the consequent: the sacrament may consist of two parts, & yet worke only by one: as a man consists of body & soule, & yet vnderstands onely by his soule: and this answere is followed by them, who place the vertue of the Sacra∣ment in absolution alone, which was once the opini∣on of S^t. Thomas, and Saint Bonauenture, and other an∣cients vpon 4. dist. Sent. dist. 18. and of the later, An∣dreas Vega, Francis of Ferrara, &c. Farther, it may be answered, that absolution is indeede the princi∣pall

cause of iustification, not the onely cause; but that is partly in the keyes of the Absoluer, partly in the act of the penitent: So holds Saint Thomas (who recanted his former opinion) 3 part q. 86. art. 6. Bellar∣mine ibid. c. 16. p. 103.

Ninthly, Durandus against Thomas and the common opinion.

OF the diuision of Penance into contrition,* 1.9 con∣fession, satisfaction, there are two questions: One amongst the Catholikes, the other with the Here¦tickes. The former is not, whether these three be ne∣cessary, and absolutely to be vsed, but whether all be the true parts of the Sacrament: For it was the opi∣nion of Durandus (vpon 4. dist. 16. q. 1.) that onely confession is the materiall part of this Sacrament of penance, and that contrition is the disposition to∣wards it, and satisfaction the fruit of it. But the com∣mon opinion of Diuines, and of Saint Thomas (3. p. q. 90.) is, that all three of them▪ are the true materiall parts of the Sacrament of Penance: neither can now be doubted of, since it is flatly set downe by two ge∣nerall Councels of Florence and Trent, Bellarm. ibid. c. 17. p. 104.

Tenthly, Adrianus refuted by Bellarmine.

* 1.10THat there may be a conditional will (at the least) of things impossible, as well as a desire of a thing

lost: see defended against Adrianus, q. 1. de paenitentia by Bellarm. l. 2. of penance, cap. 5. pag. 155.

Notes

• * 1.1

  Praeterea Da∣masus in Pon∣tificali.
• * 1.2

  Conuenit ferè inter authores, &c.
• * 1.3

  Quam ceremo∣niam non ipse &c.
• * 1.4

  Jta ex Catholi∣cis Theologis Scotus, &c.
• * 1.5

  Deinde attexit varias esse opi∣niones Catholi∣corum &c.

  Deni{que} esto, non sit confessio iuris &c.
• * 1.6

  Ne{que} Sco'us sa∣tis apte &c.
• * 1.7

  Jnprimis null ••unt Catholico∣rum &c.
• * 1.8

  Obijciunt tertio &c.
• * 1.9

  Sequitur altera partitio, &c.
• * 1.10

  Ne{que} proban∣dum est quod Hadrianus &c.