The principal nauigations, voyages, traffiques and discoueries of the English nation. [vols. 1-3] made by sea or ouer-land, to the remote and farthest distant quarters of the earth, at any time within the compasse of these 1600. yeres: deuided into three seuerall volumes, according to the positions of the regions, whereunto they were directed. The first volume containeth the worthy discoueries, &c. of the English ... The second volume comprehendeth the principall nauigations ... to the south and south-east parts of the world ... By Richard Hakluyt preacher, and sometime student of Christ-Church in Oxford.

Iulie.

[unspec 4] SAturday at a Northnorthwest sunne the wind came at Eastnortheast, & then we weied, and pli∣ed to the Northwards, and as we were two leagues shot past the Cape, we saw a house standing in a valley, which is dainty to be seene in those parts, and by and by I saw three men on the top of the hil. Then I iudged them, as it afterwards proued, that they were men which came from some other place to set traps to take vermin for their furres, which trappes we did perceiue very thicke alongst the shore as we went.

[unspec 5] Sunday at an East sunne we were thwart off the creeke where the Russes lay, and there came to an anker, and perceiuing the most part of the Lodias to be gone we thought it not good to tary any longer there, but weyed and spent all the ebbe, plying to the windewards.

[unspec 6] Munday at a South sunne it was high water. All alongst the coast it floweth little, onely a South moone makes a full sea: and as we were a weying we espied the Russe Lodias, which we first lost. They came out of a creeke amongst the sandy hilles, which hilles beginne 15 leagues Northnortheast from Cape S. Iohn.

[unspec 7] Plying this ebbe to an end, we came to an anker 6 leagues Northnortheast frō the place where we saw the Russes come out: and there the Russes harboured themselues within a soonke banke, but there was not water enough for vs.

At a North sunne we weyed and plied to the Northwards, the land lying Northnortheast, and Southsouthwest, vntil a South sunne, and then we werein the latitude of 68 degrees & a halfe •• and in this latitude ende those sandy hilles,* 1.1 and the land beginneth to lie North and by West, South and by East, and Northnorthwest, and to the Westwards, and there the water beginneth to ware deepe.

At a Northwest sunne we came to an anker within halfe a league of the shore, where wee had good plenty of fish, both Haddocks and Cods, riding in 10 fadom water.

[unspec 8] Wednesday we weyed, and plyed neerer the headland, which is called Caninoz, the wind be∣ing at East and by North.

[unspec 9] Thursday the wind being scant we turned to windwards the ebbe, to get about Caninoz: the latitude this day at noone was 68 degreee 40 minutes.

Friday we turned to the windward of the ebbe, but to no purpose: and as we rode at an anker, [unspec 10] we saw the similitude of a storme rising at Northnorthwest, & could not tell where to get rode nor succor for that winde, and harborough we knew none: & that land which we rode vnder with that winde was a lee shor••. And as I was musing what was best to be done. I saw a saile come out of a creeke vnder the foresayd Caninoz, which was my friend Gabriel, who forsooke his harbo∣rough and company, and came as neere vs as he might, and pointed vs to the Eastwards, & then we weyed and followed him, and went East and by South, the wind being at Westnorthwest, and very mistie.

Saturday we went Eastsoutheast & followed Gabriel, and he brought vs into an harborough [unspec 11] called Morgiouets,* 1.2 which is 30 leagues from Caninoz, & we had vpon the barre going in two fadome and a fourth part: and after we were past in ouer the barre, it waxed de••per, for we had 5 fadoms, 4 and a half, and 3 fadom &c. Our barke being mored, I sent some of our men to shoare to prouide wood, where they had plenty of drift wood,* 1.3 but none growing: and in this place we found plenty of young foule, as Gulles, Seapies, and others, whereof the Russes would eate none, whereof we were nothing sory, for there came the more to our part.

Sunday our men cut wood on shoare, and brought it aboord, and wee balasted our shippe with [unspec 12] stones.

This morning Gabriel saw a smoke on y^e way, who rowed vnto it with his skiffe, which smoke was two leagues from the place where we road: and at a Northwest sunne he came aboord again, and brought with him a Samoed,* 1.4 which was but a young man: his apparell was then strange vn∣to vs, and he presented me with three young wild geese, and one young barnacle.

Munday I sent a man to the maine in Gabriels boat, and he brought vs aboord 8 barricoes of [unspec 13] fresh water: the latitude of the said Morgiouets is sixtie eight degrres and a terce. It floweth there at a Southsouthwest moone full sea, and hyeth two fadome and a halfe water.

At a Westnorthwest sunne we departed from this place, and went East 25 leagues, and then [unspec 14] saw an Island North and by West of vs eight leagues, which Island is called Dolgoieue:* 1.5 and from the Eastermost part of this Island, there lyeth a sand East and by South 7 leagues long.

Wednesday at a North and by East sunne Swetinoz was South of vs 5 leagues. This day [unspec 15] at afternoone we went in ouer the dangerous barre of Pechora,* 1.6 and had vpon the barre but one fadome water.

Thursday we road still. [unspec 16]

Friday I went on shoare and obserued the variation of the Compasse, which was three de∣grees [unspec 17] and a halfe from the North to the West:* 1.7 the latitude this day was sixtie nine degrees ten minutes.

From two or three leagues to the Eastward of Swetinoz, vntill the entering of the riuer Pe∣chora, it is all sandy hilles, and towards Pechora the sandie hilles are very low.

It higheth on the barre of Pechora foure foote water, & it floweth there at a Southwest moone a full sea.

Munday at a North & by East sunne, we weyed, and came out ouer the sayd dangerous barre, [unspec 20] where wee had but flue foote water, insomuch that wee found a foote lesse water comming out then wee did going in. I thinke the reason was, because when we went in the winde was off the sea. which caused the sands to breake on either side of vs, and wee kept in the smoothest betweene the breaches, which we durst not haue done, except we had seene the Russes to haue gone in be∣fore vs: and at our comming out the winde was off the shoare, and fayre weather, and then the sands did not appeare with breaches as at our going in: we thanke God that our ship did draw so little water.

When we were a seaboord the barre the wind scanted vpon vs, and was at Eastsoutheast, in∣somuch that we stopped the ebbes, and plyed all the floods to the windewards, and made our way Eastnortheast.

Tuesday at a Northwest sunne we thought that we had seen land at East, or East & by North [unspec 21] of vs: which afterwards prooued to be a monstrous heape of ice.

Within a little more then halfe an houre after, we first saw this ice,* 1.8 we were inclosed within it before we were aware of it, which was a fearefull sight to see: for, for the space of sixe houres, it was as much as we could doe to keepe our shippe aloofe from one heape of ice, and beare roomer from another, with as much wind as we might beare a coarse. And when we had past from the danger of this ice, we lay to the Eastwards close by the wind.

The next day we were againe troubled with the ice. [unspec 22]

Thursday being calme, we plyed to the windwards, the winde being Northerly. We had the [unspec 23] latitude this day at noone in 70 degrees 11 minutes.* 1.9

We had not runne past two houres Northwest, the wind being at Northnortheast and North∣east and by North a good gale, but we met againe with another heape of ice: we wethered the head of it, and lay atime to the seawards, and made way West 6 leagues.

[unspec 24] Friday at a Southeast sunne we cast about to the Eastwards, the wind being at Northnorth∣east: the latitude this day at noone was 70 degrees 15 minutes.

[unspec 25] On S. Iames his day bolting to the windewardes, we had the latitude at noone in seuenty de∣grees twentie minutes. The same day at a Southwest sunne, there was a monstrous Whale aboord of vs, so neere to our side that we might haue thrust a sworde or any other weapon in him, which we durst not doe for feare hee should haue ouerthrowen our shippe: and then I called my company together, and all of vs shouted, & with the crie that we made he departed from vs: there was as much aboue water of his backe as the bredth of our pinnesse, and at his falling downe, he made such a terrible noyse in the water, that a man would greatly haue maruelled, except hee had knowen the cause of it: but God be thanked, we were quietly deliuered of him. And a little after we spied certaine Islands, with which we bare, and found good harbor in 15 or 18 fadome, and blacke oze: we came to an anker at a Northeast sunne, & named the Island S. Iames his Island,* 1.10 where we found fresh water.

[unspec 26] Sunday, much wind blowing we rode still.

[unspec 27] Munday I went on shoare and tooke the latitude, which was 70 degrees 42 minutes: the va∣riation of the compasse was 7 degrees and a halfe from the North to the West.* 1.11

Tuesday we plyed to the Westwards alongst the shoare, the wind being at Northwest, and as [unspec 28] I was about to come to anker, we saw a sayle comming about the point, wherunder we thought to haue ankered. Then I sent a skiffe aboord of him, and at their comming aboord, they tooke ac∣quaintance of them, and the chiefe man said hee had bene in our company in the riuer Cola,* 1.12 and also declared vnto them that we were past the way which should bring vs to the Ob.* 1.13 This land, sayd he, is called Noua Zembla,* 1.14 that is to say, the New land: and then he came aboord himselfe with his skiffe, and at his comming aboord he told mee the like, and sayd further, that in this No∣ua Zembla is the highest mountaine in the worlde, as he thought, & that Camen Bolshay, which is on the maine of Pechora, is not to be compared to this mountaine, but I saw it not: he made me also certaine demonstrations of the way to the Ob, and seemed to make haste on his owne way, being very lothe to tarie, because the yeere was farre past, and his neighbour had set Pechora, and not he: so I gaue him a steele glasse, two pewter spoones, and a paire of veluet sheathed kniues: and then he seemed somewhat the more willing to tary, and shewed me as much as he knew for our purpose: he also gaue me 17 wilde geese, and shewed me that foure of their lodias were dri∣uen perforce from Caninoze to this Noua Zembla. This mans name was Loshak.* 1.15

[unspec 29] Wednesday, as we plied to the Eastwards, we espied another saile, which was one of this Lo∣shaks company, and we bare roome, and spake with him, who in like sort tolde vs of the Ob, as the other had done.

[unspec 30] Thursday, we plied to the Eastwards, the winde being at Eastnortheast.

[unspec 31] Friday, the gale of winde began to increase, and came Westerly withall, so that by a North∣west sunne we were at an anker among the Islands of Uaigats, where we saw two small lodias,* 1.16 the one of them came aboord of vs, and presented me with a great loafe of bread: and they told me that they were all of Colmogro, except one man that dwelt at Pechora, who seemed to be the chie∣fest among them in killing of the Morse.

There were some of their company on shoare, which did chase a white beare ouer the high clifs into the water, which beare the lodia that was aboord of vs killed in our sight.

This day there was a great gale of wind at North, and we saw so much ice driuing a seaboord, that it was then no going to sea.

Notes

• * 1.1

  The latitude 68 degrees and a halfe.
• * 1.2

  Morgiouets an harbour.
• * 1.3

  Drift wood.
• * 1.4

  A Samoed.
• * 1.5

  Dolgoieue an Island.
• * 1.6

  Pechora.
• * 1.7

  The variation of the Compas
• * 1.8

  Ice.
• * 1.9

  The lat. 70 de∣grees 11 min.
• * 1.10

  S Iames Island.
• * 1.11

  The variation of the Compas 7 degrees and a halfe.
• * 1.12

  The relation of Loshak.
• * 1.13

  The way to the riuer of Ob.
• * 1.14

  A mighty hill in Noua Zembla.
• * 1.15

  Loshak.
• * 1.16

  The Islands of Uagaits.