The principal nauigations, voyages, traffiques and discoueries of the English nation. [vols. 1-3] made by sea or ouer-land, to the remote and farthest distant quarters of the earth, at any time within the compasse of these 1600. yeres: deuided into three seuerall volumes, according to the positions of the regions, whereunto they were directed. The first volume containeth the worthy discoueries, &c. of the English ... The second volume comprehendeth the principall nauigations ... to the south and south-east parts of the world ... By Richard Hakluyt preacher, and sometime student of Christ-Church in Oxford.

What course the Spaniards keepe from Hauana to Spaine.

IF from Hauana thou wouldest set thy course for Spaine, thou must goe Northeast, and shalt so haue sight of the Martyres,* 1.1 which stand in 24. degrees and a halfe. And the coast lieth East and West. The marks be these, it sheweth like heads of trees, and in some places certaine rocks with white sandy bayes. And if the wind be large, thou mayest go East and by South vntill thou see the coast to lye Northeast and Southwest: and if the wind be scant, then go turning vp: and take good heed that euery euening at Sunne going downe thou haue sight of the land, and so thou must do being in the chanell, vntill thou bring thy selfe into the middest of the chanell: and thou must lye

off from the going downe of the sunne, vntill the ••ude of the first watch with thy coarses alone, without any more sayle; and from midnight forwards cast about, and lye the other way with the like sayle vntill day: and thus thou must doe vntill thou bring thy selfe into the chanel. And if be∣ing in the Chanel thou finde the winde large, thou shalt stirre Northeast, with a care to goe cleane off the sholds of the Mimbres or the Osiars.* 1.2 And if being in the chanel thou meete with the wind at North, then thou must turne with a litle saile 4. glasses one way, and 4. another, as thou thinkest good. And if thou canst not beare sayle, then thou mayest goe with all thy sayles downe, except when thou wouldest cast abo••t, thou mayest loose some small sayle to winde thy ship.

I aduise thee, that when thou art come out of the Chanel, thou shalt be in 28. degrees.* 1.3 And if it be in summer, thou shalt goe Northeast vntill thou be in 39. degrees and ½, which is the height of Flores: and thou shalt goe to the Northward of Bermuda.* 1.4 And if thou thinke good to go in more degrees, to haue the seawinds, thou shalt goe by the same height, as I haue sayd: and if thou shalt finde the winde off the sea, thou hast no neede to goe in more heights: and from thence thou shalt goe East and by South: and thou must goe thus because of the variation of the Compasse. And thus thou shalt find the isles of Flores and Cueruo, which stand in 39. degrees ½, and in 40. large. The markes be these. * 1.5

Thou mayest goe from betwixt Flores and Cueruo,* 1.6 and must goe East Southeast, and so thou shalt haue sight of the Island of Sayles, which is the Island of S. George.* 1.7 And beeing at the land thou shalt goe along it, and when thou hast doubled a certaine litle Head-land that lyeth in the East poynt, then thou shalt stirre East and by North, and East. And thus going, thou shalt haue sight of Terçera, which is in 39. degrees. The markes bee these. * 1.8 And behinde a cer∣taine blacke land something high, which is called el Brasil, standeth the Citie called Angra. Going from Terçera, thou shalt runne East Northeast, vntill thou bring thy selfe Northwest, and Southeast with the Cape of Saint Vincent.* 1.9 And thou mayest worke thus being in summer: for alwayes thou shalt haue the windes at Northwest.* 1.10 And beeing Northwest and Southeast with this Cape, thou shalt stirre Southeast and by East, and thou shalt so fall with the land 6. or 7. leagues to the windward off the Cape on the coast, which lyeth North and South: then thou shalt goe along the coast to the South, vntill thou see the Cape. And the Cape standeth in 37. de∣grees: the markes be these. It is a Cape not very hie, and is blacke, sloping to the sea.* 1.11 And from thence thou shalt double the Asagresal Southeast:* 1.12 and so running, thou shalt then goe East vnto the cape of S. Mary:* 1.13 and from this Cape goe East Northeast, and so thou shalt runne to haue sight of Arenas Gordas: and then thou shalt see presently a little hill towardes the East which is cal∣led Cabeça de Pedro Garcia. And if thou be benighted, and comming into 8. or 9. fathoms, then I wish thee to come to anchor, vntill it be day, and then call for a Pilote, that may by some meanes carie thee into harbour.

I aduise thee, if in the Winter time thou bee shot out of the narrowest of the Chanel of Baha∣ma,* 1.14 and wouldest goe for Spaine, that thou must goe East Northeast, vntill thou be in 30. degrees rather lesse then more; and then thou mayest goe East and by South, because of the variation of the Compasse.* 1.15 And stirring hence East Southeast, thou shalt goe on the Southside of Ber∣muda:* 1.16 and must goe with great care, because many haue bene lost heere about this Island, be∣cause of their negligence. And when thou art sure thou art past this Island, then goe East North∣east, vntill thou bee in the height of seuen and thirtie degrees: which is in the heigth of the Is∣land of Saint Marie.* 1.17 And going thus, and not seeing Land, but seeing the Sea to breake, make accompt it is the rocks called las Hormigas. And if thou thinke good to goe to Faial, thou shalt goe till thou be in 38. degrees ½ scant, and then thou shalt goe East, and so shalt haue sight of Faial.* 1.18 The markes of it be these.

Comming out from Faial, and leauing all the Islandes, then goe East and by South vntill thou bring thy selfe in 37. degrees, which is the height of Cape Saint Vincent: and then goe East, and thou shalt see the Cape hauing the markes aforesayd. And from Cape S. Vincent thou must goe East Southeast, till thou be Northeast, and Southwest, with the barre of S. Lucar:* 1.19 and then goe Northeast for the Barre.

Take this for a warning, that if going in 37. degrees thou haue not sight of Cape S. Vincent, and hast sight of certaine hie hils, make accompt they are Sierras de Monchico.* 1.20

I aduise thee, that if thou stand in feare of men of warre about the Cape of S. Vincent,* 1.21 then goe in 36. degrees 1/3. And finding thy selfe within the Cape, if thou see many signes of greene weedes, then cast about to the North Northeast, and by this way finding land, and the same shewing white, be sure it is the castle of Aimonte.* 1.22

Notes

• * 1.1

  ••e•• Martyres.
• * 1.2

  The sholds of Mimbres•• that is, of Osiars.
• * 1.3

  The Chanell reacheth to 28 degrees.
• * 1.4

  La Bermuda
• * 1.5

  The variation of the Com∣passe.
• * 1.6

  Flores and C••∣eruo.
• * 1.7

  Saint George.
• * 1.8

  Terzera.
• * 1.9

  The Cape of S. Vincent.
• * 1.10

  The windes are alwayes at Northwest in the summer.
• * 1.11

  The markes o•• Cap•• S. Vin∣cent.
• * 1.12

  The Asagresal.
• * 1.13

  The Cape of Saint Mary.
• * 1.14

  The course in winter from the chanel of Ba••ama.
• * 1.15

  The variation of the Com∣passe.
• * 1.16

  Many lost vp∣on Bermuda by negligence.
• * 1.17

  The Isle of S. Marie.
• * 1.18

  Faial.
• * 1.19

  The barre o•• S. Lucar.
• * 1.20

  Sierras de Mon∣chico.
• * 1.21

  To a••oyde men of warre.
• * 1.22

  The castle of Aimonte.