The Frenche chirurgerye, or all the manualle operations of chirurgerye , vvith divers, & sundrye figures, and amongst the rest, certayne nuefovvnde instrumentes, verye necessarye to all the operationes of chirurgerye. Through Iaques Guillemeau, of Orleans ordinarye chirurgiane to the Kinge, and sworen in the citye of Paris. And novv truelye translated out of Dutch into Englishe by A.M.

❧Of the Potentialle Cauteryes, & how we ought to make them. Chap. 3.

* 1.1THe potētiall Cauteryes are tho∣se, vvhich through theire intol¦lerable, & extream heate, being vvith their forces set to vvorke together vvith the benefites of our naturall caliditye, burne as it vveare a fyer in that parte, vvherone they are applyed, leavinge behinde them an Escara, or crust: Of the vvhich the matter of the Corrosi∣ve is in great number, and hot, vnto the fourth degree: Amōgst the vvhich ther ar som, vvhich are extreame hott, & a little gentler, accordinge as their operatione is tardive. Amongst them are numbred, the Cantharides, the Tartre, the common Vitrioll, or the calcined, the vnslissed lims, the Auripigment, the Arsenicvm, the su∣blimate, the Aqvafortis, the Oyle of Vitriolle vvith more others) the vvhich vve novvadayes, doe seldome vse, in such sorte as they are, vvith out praeparinge, or mixinge of them, to make any Fontanelles, because that experience, hath taught vs some, vvhich are farre more conve∣nient, & lesse daungerouse.

* 1.2The actuall Cauterye, is much conveniēter▪ then the Potentiall, vvhether it be vve consider on the nature & substāce, on the healthfullnes festinatione, and certayntye, in operatione: for the fyer, is a simple element, havinge noe other forces then by the heate therof, & exsiccation, vvithout havīge associated vnto it anye venou∣mousnes, vvherfore the operatione therof is festivous, certayne, & healthfull, pearcing dee∣per therine vvhen vve please, vvithout causing anye accidentes in the circumiacent partes, al∣thoughe, that thervvith vve chaunce to touch them, & that because of the subtilenes therof, and consideringe the virtues of his substance. It is an enimye vnto all corruption, vvherfor, it freethe alsoe from all covruptione, & putre∣factione, yea it consumeth all venoumouse matter, & qvallityes, vvhich in that parte might lye occulted, and hidden, consumeth also all su∣perfluouse humidityes, and correcteth alsoe all vntemperate coulde, and moysture.

VVher on the contrarye, the matter,* 1.3 vvherof the Potentiall cauteryes are made, are oftenti∣mes venoumouse: And hovv soever they be praepared, yet ther operatione, & actione, is vn∣certayne, retardate, and slovve, and sometimes alsoe daūgerouse, vvithout simplye knovvinge the vittues therofe, & hovve to limite his ope∣ratione: Because somtimes it spreadeth it selfe broader, then our meaninge is it shoulde, and causeth more detriment, and harme in corrosi∣one, then vvillinglye vve vvoulde, it shoulde, because it doth not only combure & burne the place vvhereone it is applyed: But beinge vni∣ted, vvith our naturalle caliditye, it extendeth, and pearceth alsoe deeper in the fleshe then is necessarye it shovlde, vvherthroughe that par∣te beinge by little, and little calefyed, and vvar∣med, it imprinteth not onlye one that place his venoumouse nature, but extendeth it self far∣ther, throughe the circumiacent vaynes, & Ar∣teryes, & Synnues, in the vvorthye partes, spoy∣linge, & oftentimes burninge, the good, & vvel disposed complexion of that parte, out of the vvhich commonlye follovve verye badde acci∣dentes, and vlcerations, vvhich therafter verye difficultlye vvilbe cured, yea also some times a Gangraena.

Notvvithstandinge althoughe the Chyrur∣gians novveadayes, are boulde enoughe in the application of actuall Cauteryes, novvithstan∣dinge most commōlye they vse the potentialle consideringe the feare, & affrightednes, vvhich the Patientes conceave therofe, soe that the ac∣tuall Cauteryes are allmost therthroughe re∣lapsede into oblivione: It is right true,* 1.4 that the Potentiall Cauteryes vvhich novve adayes vve vse are indeede of velvet, & verye excellēt, & vvhere of I never as yet knevve anye badde accident to follovve, throughe the longe vse vvherof, vve have learned the certayntye hovve to make them.

VVe must note, that in the Potentiall Caute∣ryes, or Ruptoryes, vve adde nothinge, vvhich hath any venoumouse nature or qvallitye: Be∣cause they, cōsidering their virtues, are through our naturall calliditye compelled to doe their operation, vvhich by little, & little suscitateth, the redormitinge, & soporiferouse forces ther∣of, soe that it is not possible, but that of necessi∣tye, this venoumouse nature, must imprint so∣me parcell of her venoumousnes in that parte, if soe be at the least ther be any venoumousnes mixed thervvith: vvherfore most commonlye one this sorte vve praepare it, that immediatlye it might shevve forth his operatione.

VVe make novve adayes Cauteryes in form of Trociskes, of divers kīdes of Ashes, Saultes,* 1.5 & limes. The ashes are made of Oackē vvood,

of Figgetreevvoode, of VineBranches, of Bea∣nestravve, of Cabbage stalkes, and of Titimallo: The saultes are Alcali, Salpeter, Armoniac, Sault of glasse, Vitrioll, Tartare, or Pottashes, vvher∣of vve, ether of anye partes of the same make lye, out of the vvhich vve extracte a Corrosive sault, vvhich may be made strong, debile, or ex∣treame stronge, and acute, accordinge vvith all that vvhich commeth in the foresayed lye.

* 1.6Amōgst all Cauteryes vvhich are made that is one of the best, vvhich M^r. Paré, calleth the Cauterye of Velvet, vvhen it is only sodden, & made, as it reqvireth to be done: notvvithstan∣dinge it seemed convenient vnto me, heere to discribe certayn other Cauteryes, vvherof I my selfe have seene divers goode operations.* 1.7 Take sault of glasse, Potashes, vnflist lime, of each a povvnde, ashes vvhich are burned of the inve∣terate sydes of a vvynepipe, tvvo povvnde: Put all these together in a great earthen pott, & in∣fuse theron 18, or 20, povvnd of cleere vvater, and let it so stande soackinge 8. or 10 dayes, or as longe, till one your tunge you feele, the lye to be verye sharpe, and tarte, or vntill that ther may drive an egge theron, vvith a sticke daylye stirringe of the same, and then vve must lett it to clarifye, & sincke, vvherof you must defu∣se the vppermost therof, and ether straygne it throughe a thicke close cloute, or els throughe a Felt, vvithout stirringe of the bottom or foe∣ces therof, of vvhich aeqvall parte, you must ma¦ke Trociskes, as heer after vve vvill demonstra∣te.

An other Cauterye, of the disceased Mons^r. Cheval, Chyrurgiane.

* 1.8Take sault of glasse halfe a povvnd, Sal gem∣mae six ovvnces, Sublimate vvhich is smally per¦fricated, halfe an ovvnce, Ashes of Vinebran∣ches halfe a povvnde, 10 povvnde of common vvater, let all this stande and soacke, as is abo∣ve sayed, and therof make trociskes, addinge in the end thervnto tvvo dragmes of Opiū, vvhich is liqvefacted in Aqvavitae.

An other of Mons^r. Rasse Desneux.

* 1.9Take tvvo povvnde of potashes, Saul•• ••f glass and Sal alcali, of each halfe a povvnd•• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 povvnde of common vvater, & heerof make a Lixivye, as is above rehearsed, and alsoe make therof Trociskes,

An other of M^r. Iaqves de Vile neufve, a great practisioner at Mompeliers, as I have in the same cittye seene him make.

* 1.10Take Sopemakers lye tvvo pounde, Vitriol three ovvnces, Sublimate one ovvnce, make heerof Trociskes addinge in the end thervnto tvvo dragmes of Opium.

An other of Mons^r. de Iovine.

VVe may also make goode Lixivye, onlye of Oackē ashes, or of Ashes of Vinebranches, vvhē as the same is vvel soddē, vvith potashes, and of Beanestravve, addinge thervnto a little vnslissed lime, vvherof vve may make verye ex∣cellent goode Cauteryes.

An other vvhich qvicklye can be made.

VVe may in one day make verye goode Cauteries taking therto a povvnde of vnslissed lime, halfe a povvnde of Potashes,* 1.11 Sal alcali pulverizated very smalle, foure ovvnces, com∣mone ashes of vvoode tvvo povvnde, infuse heer in 15 povvnde of common vvater, let it stande & soacke three or foure hovvres, & then seeth it a little, if you take it to be convenient, and then let it stande & purifye, or sincke, and then let is straygne throughe a Felte, & heerof you may make goode Cauteryes.

Allthoughe that vve have all these foresayed thinges in a readines,* 1.12 therof to make a lye or lixivye, vnles that you ebulliate your sault, ve∣rye short, & drye, it vvill as then have noe great forces, & vvill qvicklye be liqvefacted, & agayn dissolved. Therfor to seeth a right your lye you shall infuse it in a Basen, & let her there seethe, and ebulliat, or evaporate, till such time as shee be verye thicke, like vnto honye, mixe, & stirre it vvell together, vvith an iron Spatula, and then the foresayed sault, vvill somtimes present di∣vers colours, as blevve, & by little & little, vvill grovv thicker, yet not vvithstandinge, vve must yet make greater fyer thervnder,* 1.13 vvith violente flames, as if it vvear a liqvefactīge fyer, because the foresayed sault might be melted and liqve∣facted, as Butter, & chaunged into vvater, of the vvhich you must take a little on your Spatula, & lay it on a stone, & if soe be it immediatly vvex harde, it is thē a signe that it is sufficientlye sod∣den: For if soe be as then you keepe it longer one the fyer it vvill as then burne, & agayne be chaunged into ashes, as beinge needfull that there be some humiditye therby to keepe it in his vvonted thicknes: vvhich beinge done, you must then remove your Basen from the fyer, & vvith the Spatula, take out the sault, or your Cau¦terye therout, vvhilest as yet it be hott, least that it cleave therone to harde, vvherof yon must then make great or little Trociskes, vvhich im∣mediatly you must put, into divers little glasses violles, least that through the ayre they chaun∣ce to be altered, and chaunged, and stoppe the

same very close,* 1.14 & vse thē vvhensoever it shall please you.

And to praevent, that the Escara, of the caute∣ryes, or ruptoryes, be not to harde, a certayne frende of mine for certayntye imparted vnto me, that in the end of the ebullitione of your lixivye, vvhen shee is aboute the thicknes of hony, vve infuse thervnto a little Aquavitae, or spanishe vvyne, or els anye other stronge vvy∣ne, as Malmasye. And to make them soe, that they shoulde not cause anye great payne, vve must as thē adde vnto it a little Opium, vvhich is liqvefacted in Aquavitae, but I never tryed it.

Notes

• * 1.1

  The potē¦tiall Cau∣terye, and the mat∣ter therof
• * 1.2

  The vse of the ac∣tuall Cau∣terye.
• * 1.3

  The vse of the po¦tentiall Cauterye the mat∣ter, & vir∣tues ther∣of, and vvherone vve ought to consi∣der.
• * 1.4

  Velvet Caute∣ryes.
• * 1.5

  The mat∣ter of the potentiall Cauteries vvhich novv a∣dayes are in vse.
• * 1.6

  M^r. Pare.
• * 1.7

  Receipte, of the Velvet Cauterye
• * 1.8

  Of Mons^r Cheval.
• * 1.9

  An other of Rasse desneux.
• * 1.10

  An other of Iaqves de Ville∣neufve.
• * 1.11

  An other vvhich vvith all expeditiō can be made.
• * 1.12

  An obser∣vatione in seethinge of the saulte to the Cau∣terye.
• * 1.13

  Liqvefac¦tinge fyer
• * 1.14

  Hovv vve must prae∣serve the cauteryes