Feudigraphia The synopsis or epitome of surueying methodized. Anatomizing the whole corps of the facultie; viz. The materiall, mathematicall, mechanicall and legall parts, intimating all the incidents to fees and possessions, and whatsoeuer may be comprized vnder their matter, forme, proprietie, and valuation. Very pertinent to be perused of all those, whom the right, reuenewe, estimation, farming, occupation, manurance, subduing, preparing and imploying of arable, medow, pasture, and all other plots doe concerne. And no lesse remarkable for all vnder-takers in the plantation of Ireland or Virginia ... Composed in a compendious digest by W. Folkingham. G.

THE SYNOPSIS OR EPITOME OF SVR∣VEY METHODIZED. (Book 2)

SECTION .II. (Book 2)

Discoursing of the Residence and laying of Grounds, their increase, Boundage, and Neighbourage; and of the admeasuring, calculating and proiecting of lines, surfaces, bodies, Edifices, composing and tricking of Plottes.

CHAP. I.

THe Forme Consists in Situati∣on and Proportion of the Sub∣iect,* 1.1 and Adiunct; and in the practise thereof, the Mathemati∣call, and Mechanicall parts are most perspicuous.

Situation,* 1.2 may be said to be Resident, and Respicient.

Resident Site depends vpon the setling,* 1.3 laying and lying of the grounds, and is either Primarie viz. the

Maine Forme & proiecture of the Base and Body of the Soile, wherin it is remarkeable to obserue, how it is proiected in Plaines, eleuated and lifted-vp into Hills and Mountaines, debased into Dales and Vallies, or wauing in moderate swellings and fallings, ascents and descents, &c.

* 1.4Or Secundary bearing reference to a further resi∣dence of the Soyle, especially if it bee arable; And then we are to consider whether it be laid in due and appro∣priate position suitable to the qualitie and exigence of the Habitude.

* 1.5Arable grounds are eared in Selions and that either Flats or Ridges.

The first is necessarily required in light and leane land, to the end it may the better retaine any inforced vertue, against the washing away by showers.

The second are either laide in landes or Ridges large and high or round; or in Stitches.

The lands or Ridges are fittest in fat strong and fer∣tile grounds that be tough, stiffe, binding cold and wet, least the fatnes should suffocate the séede, or the soaking cold obtunde and dull the natiue heate and confound the vigour thereof: and in such soyles it were frugall proui∣dence to spare from the plow a grasse-balke of some competent breadth.

* 1.6But small Ridges or Stitches are accomodated to cold and stiffe ground inclining to barrennesse, to pre∣uent constipation and binding together of the soile, wherby the séed wold sooner burst with swelling, than get frée passage for sprowting. And these Stitches are com∣mon in Norfolke and Suffolke, euen in their light grounds, and in Hartfordshire where the Tilthes are rich: and though the Irish soile be neither immoderate∣ly colde, stiffe nor barren, yet their tillage is ge∣nerally eared in small Stitches, peraduenture for that the soile is so apte to fast-matting and swoording.

Plinie approoues the best Situation for a rich Plot to be a plaine declining into the South from the foote of a Hill: so the Poet.—Qui{que} editus Austro.* 1.7

CAP. II.

REspicient Situation hath dependance vpon Boun∣dage and Neighbourage.* 1.8

Boundage is the compassing and describing of Plots with their buttalls, metes, bounds and Coastage.

Boundage is either contiguall or Remote.

Contiguall Boundage prescribes & limits-forth the extention of lands, by immediate and selfe-continuance of the confining Boundaries; & is either simple or com∣pound, both which may be either Actiue, intimating that the sensing or inclosing of the Plot appertaines to the Possident; Or Passiue inferring that it is inclosed or laid in seueraltie by the adiacent.

Simple Boundage is Confrontage and Collaterage, both which with all other Boundages are capable of diuers peculiar variations deriuable from the diuersi∣ty of the causes and occurrents obserued in perambula∣tion.

Confrontage Actiue may enter the Plot with these or the like Epithetons, Abutting, Heading, facing, fron∣ting,* 1.9 steighing, &c. Or Passiue headed, faced, &c.

Collaterage Actiue, as siding, surrowing, balking,* 1.10 dyling, haying, hedging or shawing, immounding, im∣payling, immuring, skirting, Girding, verging, mazing, couruing, recouruing, bordering, confining; also lying, Bounding, extending betweene: Or Passiue.

Compound Contiguall Boundage is more signifi∣cant, as side-haying, head-shawing, &c.* 1.11 likewise boun∣ded, limitted, prescribed, compassed, included, termina∣ted, determinated, collaterally, triangularly, quarterly,

circularly, irregularly, or as the Agent. Or more par∣ticularly, as with some angle, point, corner, or stripe pointing, shooting, running, extending vpon, &c.

And sometimes this Compound Boundage implies a mutuall propertie or duety participable to the Con∣terminants, as bancking, balking, dyking, dray∣ning, sewing, sewaging, rilling, brooking, riuaging, foor∣ding, alwaies confining the conterminants with the particle Cúm: And yet more specially, as head-diking, side-sewing, &c. and the like Passiuely: and any of these may be admitted into the rough-booke.

* 1.12Remote Boundage is requisite for retriuing and manifesting the locall proiection of Plots in supply of the defect of memorie and metes and markes contin∣gent; and is accomplished either by Obiects remarke∣able (inuisible are improper, though our Hollanders, will néedes bound their Coast-lands vpon Normandy mistaking it for Norman-déepe stumbled vpon in some obliterate déedes, where Germanie might better be ad∣mitted.) as Mountaines, Hills, Towers, Stéeples, or o∣ther Edifices, Trées of super-eminence and Markes, and sometimes waies, balkes, hedges, Riuers, pits and such like, may effect as much being lined, rainged, recti∣fied, opened, disclosed or cut by extention of common right-lines from fixed or noted stations.

There is another species of this Remote or Mediate Boundage, where the Plot extendes not fully to the Méets or Bounds described, but is intercepted by some smal Intermediall; as Balke, Méere, bancke, lane, path, Rill or such like; but this manner of Bounding, though it bée frequent, is improper and defectiue, wanting that perspicuity which should giue viue Validity to all Records.

* 1.13Or by Degrées of angular production obserued by some Dioptrall instrument, whether by taking the an∣gle,

it makes with some permanent marke, or the swar∣uing of the Line or Néedle from the Meridian.

For Coastage as East, Southeast, South, &c.* 1.14 it is in∣seperably incident to all Boundage, as the most Mate∣riall and Essentiall part thereof, and in the recording thereof a vigilant and circumspect care is required to preuent errors.

And thus much for Boundage.

CHAP. III.

IN Neighbourage it is not impertinent to particula∣rize, how the Plot is accommodated for Tillage, Med∣dow,* 1.15 Pasture, Wood, water, Fewel, Fish, Fowle, Ayre, &c. as also the Confinage with Champion, Wood-land, other Lords and Mannors, with the Commodities and conueniences deriuable from the propinquitie and com∣petent distance of Cities, Townes, Markets, Faires, Ports, Hauens, Seas, Forrests, Woodes, Wasts, Commons, Meres, Moores Riuers, Quarries, Mines, &c. by opportunity for vent and intercourse of passage for Commerce, and inter-parlée for Conuerse, &c. with the Waies and Venues to the same & their conuenien∣cy of Conduct, as by land ouer smooth, facill and firme plaines, and by water, nauigable Riuers, loughes, Lakes, &c.

And this may suffize for Situation: It followes to speake of Proportion.

CHAP. IIII.

* 1.16PRoportion consists in the generall Modell and parti∣ticular Modulets of the Plot, and procreats Mensu∣ration and Content.

Mensuration is conuersant in extunding the lineall extentions of longitudes, amplitudes, crassitudes, alti∣tudes, profundities, arches, circumferences, &c.

* 1.17Lineall dimensions are diuersified according to the custome of the Country, as Inches, Palmes, Spannes, Féete, Cubits, &c. and their composures and graduati∣ons are from Barley Cornes; as thrée Béere-Cornes in length make an Inch, thrée Inches a Palme, thrée Palmes a Spanne, one Span and ⅓ or twelue Inches make a Foote, one Foote ½ makes a Cubit, two Cubits or thrée Foote makes a Yard, fiue Féete make a Pace Geometricall, sixtéene Foote ½ make a Pearch, Pole or Lug, forty Pearches make a furlong, whereof eight make a Mile, and these are by the Standard measure of England, tho some of them in name bee but confir∣med by Custome.

But the Pearch in diuers places is of different ex∣tent,* 1.18 as eightéene foote in some Countries, in others twenty one, in the Country of Stafford twenty foure, and twenty fiue in the Forrest of Sherewood.

And these dimensions are found or performed either Cominus or Eminus.

The first with Palme, Foote, Pace, Rod, Raipe: but vsually the Rule is most in request for Board,* 1.19 Stone Timber, &c, and the Chaine for land measure.

* 1.20And to accomodate these for exact and expedite ope∣ration disme or deuide each foote of the Rule and Perch of the Chaine into decimals or Tenths, and each Tenth or Prime of the Rule into Seconds, but it shall suffice

to diuide the Prime of the Chaine into two lincks, with thrée rings betwéene euery lincke to kéepe it from cros∣sing.

The second is retriued with Plaine-Table,* 1.21 Theode∣lite, Sector, Circumferentor, Geodeticall-Staffe, &c. Or without instrument by the same Geometrical grounds.

The first being accomplished by approach or contin∣gence néedes no amplification, but for precise kéeping in the Wadd or right line.

The Wadd is delineated either to a marke in sight or out of sight.* 1.22

If the First; let the Chaine-leaders Wadd vpon the marke by some intermediall eminence and at the set∣ting down of euery pricke, let each man waue his mate into the right Wadd.

If out of sight and in Champion not much swelling,* 1.23 it is expedient to place two Assistants, the one at the marke, and the other at the eminentest Medium, and then your selfe standing at (or directly beyond or short) the station giuen, and the first Assistant erecting some visible obiect, waft the Wadders into the Wadd. The like by Night with lanthorne or Torch-light. Or from some eminent Mount or transcendence (beyond the marke and in the same extension) surmounting or Sur∣ueying the whole tract, pursue the Wadd.

But if the place cannot bee brought within view, instrumentalize the tract at Randon, the difference of intersection, found by protracting the trauerse or by an∣gular comparison, shewes the point or degrée to be pur∣sued.

Now for remote lines the operation is produced by the doctrine of Triangles, one side and two angles,* 1.24 or one angle and two sides being giuen; As to instrumenta∣lize a distance, first point-forth two competent stations, and from the first quantulate the angle betwixt the marke and second station, and at the second station take

the angle betwixt the first Station and marke: Now the solution may be wrought either by Calculation or Proiection.* 1.25

The first depends vpon the knowledge of Sines and Tangents, and is founded vpon this Theoreme.

In all right-lined Triangles the mutuall proportion of one Latus to another, is such, as the Sines respecting their Angles are proportionall.

But for as much as this conclusion is more familiar∣ly found out by protraction, I will deferre, the Propo∣sition vntill another time.

By Proiection: Protract or proiect first a line re∣presentig the stationall distance,* 1.26 and from each ex∣treame extend a line including an angle equall to the peculiar angle found: the intersection of these two lines demonstrates the marke, and the distances are manifested by the Scale.

The same reason serues for heights and depthes.

And by the continued progresse of such operations the Plots and Mapps of landes, tenements, Cities Townes and Countries are produced, &c.

CHAP. V.

* 1.27THe Plotting of lands and possessions compre∣hends their Topographicall and Mathematicall Description, and Consists in Delineation & Tricking.

Delineation is conuersant in pourtraying the Types, Surfaces, and Scheames of the Subiect and Adiunct.* 1.28

And for exact working of both these, the Plaine-Ta∣ble is most accomodate: for the vse whereof and of other instrumm••ts there are peculiar Treatises extant, and therefore I will onely touch some fewe Rules in briefe.

* 1.29To Plot with Plaine-Table.

At each alternate angle produce diagonalls for plant-lines to the antegrade station, and so compasse the Plot.

To Plot a field at 2. or moe stations.

Extende lines from each station to euery marke (chayning the stationall line onely)

To Rectifie the

• Plot: diagone alternate angles.
• Table: retro grade the Ruler.

To Rectifie the stationall line

From some competent plaine, instrumentalize the leuell distance.

To retriue leuell or horizontall lines and angles in vn∣leuell and hypothenusall Plots.

From 2. or more competent stations vpon a plaine (either naturall by position or rectified from remote) in the Plot or adiacent delineate the whole Plot.* 1.30 And by this Plot to giue the true content, note each line with the superficiall dimensions found by the Chaine.

To Plot irregular Arch-lines.

From the mids of the Chorde-extend a perpendicular to y^e Arch, or proiect a Triangle by producing 2.* 1.31 Crures from the Chords extreames: a iudicious eye (rectifi∣ed with these mensurations may (ad vnguem) pricke downe the Delineations.

The best way to expedite the exact Plotting of mixte irregulars, and consequently of any Fielde.

Plant not the Table at euery Angle,* 1.32 but to preuent pussing and to assure a iust closing, extend from some fewe Maine Angles (or competent stations in the Plot) Base lines (secants, contingents, parallels, &c.) for Boundaries or deleble Plant-lines, and from conueni∣ent distances in the same, distantiate euery By, disper∣sed in the Plot, and so pricke forth the Angles, Curues and Deuiations.

For Delineating of Adiuncts, as Edifices and other erections, the Prospectiue glasse is facil & compendious, but for want thereof take this generall Rule.

Proiect all Plumbe-lines in Parallelizme perpendi∣cular to a Parallel or supposed Common Base of con∣spicuous eminence.* 1.33

So the Base of the Building proiected in due Site, the modulets right angles by peculiar erection retaine like qualitie in Plano ex opposito, but ex obliquo they doe alternately appeare acute and obtuse. Other De∣lineations dependant succéed by consequence, and the eye by serious obseruation of stationall aspect may with facilitie giue the Vmbrage: but the Transposition and fore-shortening of some lines require more particular Rules, which with diuers other matters I am héere constrained to cut-off, least this worke intended for a Breuiat, should grow vnto too great a Volume.

And therefore for this time this shall suffize for De∣lineation.

CHAP. V.

* 1.34THe Tricking of Plots consists in Complements, and Compartiments.

Complements comprehende the Flie or Flies, Scale and Compasse, Kalender, Characters, Colours, &c.

* 1.35The Flie is a Card diuided into eight, sixtéene, thir∣ty two equall parts in the Limbe with competent ex∣tention to shew the Meridian and Coastages of the Plot.

* 1.36Meridians are diuers wayes found-out, but most spéedily and exactly by helpe of a Dyall, or by striking a line vpon your Table, or erecting poles vpon your Plot in a right line, directing to the Cynosure or Pole∣starre, when it is perpendicular to Alliot the Thil∣horse of Charles-Waine.

Otherwise at the Sunnes first cutting of the Hori∣zon, strike a line towards the same vpon your Table and erect a marke in the field-line: At the Sunnes go∣ing

downe (the same day) plant your Table as before by helpe of the marke erected, and strike another line to the Sunne from the first point: Now describe a Cir∣cle vpon this stationall point to cut the two extended lines at equall lengthes: The Diameter that mediates the Arch of each Sector is the Meridian, &c.

The Scale and Compasse are no lesse requisite,* 1.37 and may be florished with Fruitage or Imagery.

The Kalender or Index serues for a Directory to ex∣pedite the intimation of particulars with signance of due Characters.* 1.38

The Colours would bee appropriated and suited to the seuerall Modulets of the Plot to distinguish their Natures, Tenures, Owners,* 1.39 or such like:* 1.40 — As

Arable for Corne may be dashed with a pale Straw∣colour compounded of Yellow Oker, and White leade, or of Pincke and Verdigreece.

Meddowes may be washed with a light Gréene by taking more Verdigreece and lesse Pincke.* 1.41

Pasture would be put into a déeper Gréene made of the mixture of Azure and Smalts with Pincke;* 1.42

Heathes and Fennes may be distinguisht with dea∣der Gréene deriued from Yellow and Indico.* 1.43

Trées may haue a sadder Gréene composed of white Leade and Verdigreece.* 1.44

Barke, Blocks, Timber, Stone, &c.* 1.45 may bee fitted with Vmber and White.

Waies and Mud-wals, may haue white-leade with rust of Iron, or with Oker and Browne of Spaine.* 1.46

Water, Siluer, Glasse, Crystal,* 1.47 &c. may be represen∣ted with Indico and Azure or blacke Leade.

Seas may haue their gréenish Skie-colour expressed with Indico (Smalts or Azure) White leade and Ver∣digreece.* 1.48

And thus, both these and diuers other colours with their due proportion, may with small practise be easily

produced and multiplyed; And it will suffice to tract the Verges onely of Land-Modulets whatsoeuer you please to signifie thereby.

But howsoeuer you bestow these Colours of distem∣per, they must be ground and bound with Gum-water very thinne and bodilesse.

And it shal not be amisse to pounce the ground with a Stainsh Graine of burnt Allome and a double quanti∣ty of pounded Rossin both finely fearced and lightly pummiced, thereby to preserue the Paper or Parch∣ment from thorowe-piercing with the Colours.

Compartiments are Blankes or Figures bordered with Anticke Boscage or Crotesko-woorke,* 1.49 wherein Euidences or other Memorables may be abreuiated.

And these may bee contriued in Parallelograms, Squares, Circles, Oualls, Lunaries, or other mixt or voluntary proportions compassed and tricked ad libitū.

Vnder this Title may also be rainged the Lordes-Coate with Crest and Mantells.

And these Compartiments with the Scale, Carde and Kalender must bee bestowed in couuenient spare and voide places.

CHAP. VII.

* 1.50HItherto of Mensuration: Content in generall is Couchant and Crescent.

The Couchant is either Superficiall or Solid.

The first is of Land, Water, Board, Glasse and all Surfaces and Figures.

But before wee come to entreat of the Areas of Fi∣gure, it is not immateriall to enumerate how this Su∣perficiall Content is diuersly distinguished for Land; as into Pearches, Daies-woorkes, Roodes, Acres, Oxe∣gangs, Yard-lands, Plow-lands, Hydes.

There be also other quantities of Land taking their de∣nominations from our vsual Coine; as Fardingdeales, Obolates, Denariates, Solidates, Librates.

Foure square Pearches make a Daies worke, 10. Daie-workes a Roode or Stong, 4. Roodes an Acre.

The Fardingdeale or Farundell (Quadrantata ter∣rae) signifies a Roode or ¼ of an Acre,* 1.51 so that if Obolata D••nariata, Solidata, and Librata, doe arise in proportio∣nable graduation from Quadrantata as the moneyes do increase in valuable Estimate, then must the Obalat be ½ Acre, the Denariat an Acre, the Solidat 12. acres & the Li∣brat 240. vide Crompton lurisd: and Regist: Origin .1. But we read Viginti libratas terrae vel reditus in Fitzh .87. and Regist. Orig. 49. and 248. importing (it séemes) so much land as yéeldes 20. s. per annum.

So you shall read further 249. Regist. Centum Solida∣tas terrarum tenementorum & redituum.

But for Roodes and Acres,* 1.52 they differ in Content ac∣cording to the power of the extent or lineall Fall of the Pearch. Potentia rectae est quadratum. Et dupla, ratio∣ne quadrupla proportione.

Yet the Surueyor, whether he be imployed in Wood∣land, or Champion, in the Forrest of Shéere-Wood, where the Acre containes aboue 2 ¼ of Statute Acres, in Corne-wal where it amounts almost to 140. acres, or elsewhere, howsoeuer Customes haue accrewed, must make his Computation by the standard: Notwithstan∣ding that the Lords Demaines (as appeares by aunci∣ent Surueys) haue béene measured by the 20.* 1.53 foote Pole called Maior Mensura, and the Customary lands by a Pole called Mensura Minor viz. 16. ½ though some claime 18. foote· So the French Arpent or Acre containing 100.* 1.54 square Poles is laid-out in th'admeasurement of woodes by the 22 foot Pole, & this is called the Kings Arpent, their other lands are computated by the Pole of 20. 19 ⅓ or 18. foot Poles.

The Oxe-gang,* 1.55 or Oxengate (according to Skene) called Bouata terrae containes after the originall repute 13. acres but we find it more or lesse as the custom of the place inures, and Bouata is properly vsed of Lands in

Gainour viz. vsually plowed.

* 1.56Foure Oxe-gangs of land extend to a Pound-land (Librata terrae,) of old extent.

The Yard-land (Virgata terrae siue quatrona terrae) varies from 20, 24, 30 acres. M. Lamberd: and it is not reputed in Demesne, but in Gainor, as are also fodi••a, minera, mercatus.

* 1.57A Plow-land or Carue of land (Carucata terrae, that is, quantū aratrum arare potest in nouali tempore:) is said to containe 4 Yard-land at 30 acres to the Yard-land.

* 1.58A Hide of Land (Hida or Hilda terrae) is saide to be such a portion of land, as may be tilled with one teame (according to the seuerall tilthes and seasons) in a yéere and a day, and so Crompton and the Author of the new Tearmes affirme it to be 100 acres by statute, & therby confound Hida with Carucata, or make them little diffe∣rent. Others say, that euery Hide of land containes 4 Plow-land at 120 acres, and 4 Hides a Knights Fée.

* 1.59A Knights Fée (Feudum Militare) is so much Inheri∣tance as is sufficient yearely for the maintenance of a Knight, and his competent retinewe with conuenient reuenewe, which in the time of H. the 3. was 15 pound; but Sir Thomas Smith (Repub. Anglorum,) rateth it at 40 pounds per annum. But for the quantity of land, M. Camden recordes it to be 680 acres or 800 acres. After some computations it containes 5 Hydes of land, each Hyde 4 Yard-land at 24 acres.

In the Dutchie of Lancaster a Knights Fée contains 4 Hydes of land, each Hyde 4 Plow-land, each Plow-land 4 yard-land at 30 acres amounting to 1920 acres.

* 1.60Two Knights Fées make a Cantred, 2 Cantreds ½ and ⅙ make a Barony, one Barony and ½ makes an Earledome: viz. 38400 acres.

But though these proportions of land doe not al∣waies hold with their titles of honour, yet their deno∣minations continue the originall institution, and how∣soeuer

they be dismembred quoad quantitatem,* 1.61 yet the right and dignitie is indiuisible, insomuch as if a Capi∣tall Messuage be Caput Comitatus vel Baroniae, it may not be parcelled.

And the Reliefe depends vpon the dignity (rather then the quantity) after the first allotment,* 1.62 viz. 100 s for a Knights Fée, 100 Marks for a Barony, and an 100 pounds for an Earledome. Mag. Chart. But to returne to the finding out of the Areaes of Figures.

CAP. VIII.

FIgures with their Calculations for superficiall con∣tents may be thus rainged.* 1.63

To areate Figures.

1. Multiply the perpendicular in the demibase:* 1.64 vel Contra.

2. From the mediatie of the sides vnited, subduct each side seuerally; eradicate the ductat of the said me∣diatie and remainders. Ramus.

Multiply the length by the breadth.* 1.65 Idem. lib. 11.6.

Square the latus. Idem. l. 12.23.

* 1.66 Multiply the semiperipherie by the perpendicular, from the Center to the midst of one side. Idem. 19.1.

1. Multiply the Radius in the semiperipherie. Idem. 19.2.1.

2. Multiply the quadrated

• Diameter by 11 diuide the product by 14 19.22.
• Radius by 22 diuide the product by 7 19.22.
• semiperiphery by 7 diuide the product by 22 19.22.

Multiply the Radius in the demi-Arch line. 19.4.* 1.67

Turne it to a Sector (by proiecting a Radius from each extreame of the Chorde to the Center) then woorke vt supra deducting the Triangle. Ibidem.

Adde the Base to the other Areaes,

* 1.68Multiply the side in the semiperipherie of the Base. 22.10.

* 1.69Multiply the altitude in the periphery of the Base. 21.12. In these 2. add Basall Areaes.

Multiply the diameter in the Circumference. Or the Plaines Area by 4. R. 21.5.* 1.70

• 1, Multiply the Basall Area by 6.
• 2. Duplicate the squared diameter of the contay∣ning Spheare.
• * 1.713. Triple the square of the diagonall line.
• 4. Multiply the sides double by the Triple of the side. So much for Figure or superficiall Content.

For Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication, Diuisi∣on, Reduction, Rule of thrée, &c. in lines or Figures, I wil referre them til the next impression, which I intend shortly to publish with much inlargement to the more compleat investing of the Arte, with due and appropri∣ate Ornaments.

CHAP. IX.

* 1.72THe Content Solid is of Timber, Stone, and other Bodies or Figurates, whereof a touch in briefe.

* 1.73Multiply the perpendicular in ⅓ of the Basall Area. R. 27.71.

* 1.74Multiply the perpendicular in the Basall Area. 27.6

• 1 Cube the crassitude; Or multiply it in the Basal Area.
• * 1.753. Or the Axis in the squared diagonall line, Or the superficies in ⅙ of the altitude.
• 1 Multiply the diameters Cube by 11. diuide the product by 21. Ramus. 26.5.
• * 1.762. Multiply the superficies in ⅙ of the diameter.

Lesse then ½: Subtract the altitude from the semi∣diameter, multiply the Remainder by the Area of the circular base, deduct the product from the semidiame∣ter and conuexe sphericall superficies multiplyed to∣gether, and diuide the remainder by 3.* 1.77

More then ½; subtract the semidiameter frō th'altitude, multiply the remainder by the Area of the circular base, add the product to the semidiameter and convexe Sphericall superficies multiplyed together, and diuide the totall by 3.

To retriue the mutuall proportion of Cubes or Gloabs

Cube the seuerall Cubes sides (or Gloabes diame∣ters) Multiply the Contents giuen by the Cube of the Figurate sought, diuide the product by the Cube of the knowne Figurate. And so much for Content Couchant.

Of Content Crescent in a woord.

CHAP. X.

THe Crescent Content is of Increases renewing at seuerall seasons,* 1.78 and thence the denominations of Aestiuall and Brumall are deriued.

The first is of Corne, Hay, Line, Hempe, Rapes, Woade, Fruite, Sommer-Herbage, &c.

The second is of Mastage, Edge-grouth, Winter-Herbage, &c.

In these Contents and Increases it is remarkeable to Recorde their Productions both in kind and propor∣tion; as what and how much Grasse, Graine and other Growthes are vsually reaped vpon an Acre; how ma∣ny Cattell such a Plot will Winter and Sommer, féed or kéepe, &c.

And this shall suffice for Proportion.

Notes

• * 1.1

  Forme.
• * 1.2

  Situation.
• * 1.3

  Primarie.
• * 1.4

  Secundarie.
• * 1.5

  Selio est terra elata inter du∣os sulcos.

  Ridges. Flats.
• * 1.6

  Stitches.
• * 1.7

  The best Site
• * 1.8

  Boundage.
• * 1.9

  Confrontage
• * 1.10

  Collaterage
• * 1.11

  Compound.
• * 1.12

  Remote.
• * 1.13

  Degrees.
• * 1.14

  Coastage.
• * 1.15

  Neighbou∣rage.
• * 1.16

  Proportion.
• * 1.17

  Lineal Fals.
• * 1.18

  Perches. diuers.
• * 1.19

  Measures
• * 1.20

  Decimated
• * 1.21

  Cominus.
• * 1.22

  Wadding.
• * 1.23

  To a Place not in view.
• * 1.24

  Eminùs.
• * 1.25

  Calculation.
• * 1.26

  Proiection.
• * 1.27

  Plotting.
• * 1.28

  Delineation
• * 1.29

  Plaine-Table
• * 1.30

  Horizontalls
• * 1.31

  Irregulars.
• * 1.32

  Generall.
• * 1.33

  Plotting 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Archi••••ture
• * 1.34

  Tricking.
• * 1.35

  The Flie.
• * 1.36

  Meridian.
• * 1.37

  Scale.
• * 1.38

  Kalender.
• * 1.39

  Colours.
• * 1.40

  Arable.
• * 1.41

  Meddowes.
• * 1.42

  Pasture.
• * 1.43

  Heathes.
• * 1.44

  Trees.
• * 1.45

  Barke.
• * 1.46

  Waies.
• * 1.47

  Water.
• * 1.48

  Sea.
• * 1.49

  Comparti∣ments.
• * 1.50

  Content.
• * 1.51

  Quadrantata Terrae.
• * 1.52

  Acrarum diuersitas.
• * 1.53

  Mensura Maior & Minor.
• * 1.54

  Arpent.
• * 1.55

  Bouata. Terrae.
• * 1.56

  Librata Terrae. Virgata Terrae.
• * 1.57

  Carucata. Terrae.
• * 1.58

  Hida.
• * 1.59

  Feudum Militare.
• * 1.60

  Cantred Baronie. Earledome.
• * 1.61

  Dignities indiuisible.
• * 1.62

  Reliefes of Dignities.
• * 1.63

  Superficiall.
• * 1.64

  1. Triangles.
• * 1.65

  2. Parallelo∣grams. 3. Squares.
• * 1.66

  4. Polygo∣nons. 5. Circles.
• * 1.67

  Sectors. Sections.
• * 1.68

  Cones.
• * 1.69

  Cylinders.
• * 1.70

  Globes.
• * 1.71

  Cubes or Hexaedrons.
• * 1.72

  Solid.
• * 1.73

  Pyramides and Cones.
• * 1.74

  Prismaes Cylinders.
• * 1.75

  Cubes.
• * 1.76

  Gloabes.
• * 1.77

  Globie Sections.
• * 1.78

  Content Crescent.