The auncient ecclesiasticall histories of the first six hundred yeares after Christ, wrytten in the Greeke tongue by three learned historiographers, Eusebius, Socrates, and Euagrius. Eusebius Pamphilus Bishop of Cæsarea in Palæstina vvrote 10 bookes. Socrates Scholasticus of Constantinople vvrote 7 bookes. Euagrius Scholasticus of Antioch vvrote 6 bookes. VVhereunto is annexed Dorotheus Bishop of Tyrus, of the liues of the prophetes, apostles and 70 disciples. All which authors are faithfully translated out of the Greeke tongue by Meredith Hanmer, Maister of Arte and student in diuinitie. Last of all herein is contayned a profitable chronographie collected by the sayd translator, the title whereof is to be seene in the ende of this volume, with a copious index of the principall matters throughout all the histories

THE SECOND BOOKE OF THE ECCLESIASTICALL HISTORIE OF EVAGRIVS SCHOLASTICVS. (Book 2)

CAP. I.

Of Martianus the Emperour, and the signes which foreshewed his raigne.

IN the first booke goinge before we haue discoursed the Actes done in the raigne of Theodosius the Emperour of famous memorie: nowe it remaineth we take penne in hand and paint forth vnto the posteritie, the vertues of the renowmed Martianus the noble and puysant Emperour of Rome, his cuntrey, his linage, and howe he at∣tayned vnto the Romane empire. In obseruing this methode we shalbe able the soo∣ner to contriue euery his famous acts in their fit and conuenient place. Patriscus Rhetor, with ma∣ny others hath written at large of the life of Martianus. By birth he was of Thracia, the sonne of a valiant captaine: who being wedded to his fathers trade of life, got him straight to Philippopolis & there was entertained in the number of such as exercised them selues in the feats of armes▪ It fell out in his voyage as he tooke his iourneye thitherwardes that he sawe on the way a deade corps whom death had newely bereaued of his life. he stood still and was amazed thereat (for as he was vertuously enclined euery way, so was he prone to compassion) he continewed there so long vntill he had finished all thinges what so euer belonged vnto the hearse and funerall. but when suche as dwelled in compasse, had seene his doinges they made relation thereof vnto the magistrates of Philippopolis. They layd hands vpon Martianus, and charged him with y^• inurther. but when signes and contectures preuayled more with the magistrates then the trueth or the protestation of Mar∣tianus, denyinge that euer he had murthered the man: and when Martianus was nowe readie to endure the penaltie of an homicide, vpon a suddaine vnlooked for (God no doubt of his goodnes prouidinge for him the best) the autor of that haynous acte was found, confessed the fact, was ime∣diately executed and Martianus proued innocent. beinge thus wonderfully deliuered out of trou∣ble he got him vnto a certen garrison not farre of, & requested they woulde entertaine him among them, and register his name in their catalogue. They had the man in admiration, and prognostica∣ted of him by certen gesses that he would proue a worthy man: recea••ed him with willing mindes, matriculated his▪ name in their booke: neyther placed they him in the lowest rowme as a late commer after their law and custome, but preferred him to an honorable office, the which one whose name was Augustus, enioyed before him, but then was lately deceassed, and entitled him Martia∣nus Augustus, so that together with his preferment he receaued the Emperiall title (for the empe∣rours are called Augusti) before be was proclaimed Emperour. Neither truely coulde the name rest in him without the dignity, neither againe did the Emperiall title require any other name to expresse the worthinesse thereof, so that the selfe same name was both proper and appellatiue, and beinge once sounded it gaue forth the signification, both of the dignitie and the borowed name, An other thinge moreouer happened which foreshewed vnto Martianus the emperiall scepter. When together with Aspar he warred against y^• Vandalls, Aspar being ouercome of thē, Martianus with many others was takē & brought w^t other captiues into a plaine greene where Genzerichus would needs see thē aliue. being brought together Gēzerichus as he sate in an vpper rowme tooke great delight in beholding the nūber of captiues. The captiues as long as it pleased euery one continu∣ed in the greene, for Gēzerichus had cōmaunded their keepers to knock of their shackles. wherefore as they all spēt the time diuersly, Martianus laid him downe on the ground & toke a nap on a sunny bank, which burned more vehemētly then y^• seasō & time of y^• yere did require. As he slept an Egle flew ouer him, set her selfe betwene him & y^• sunne, spred abrode her wings, shadowed him as it had bene a cloud, & in so doing eased him greatly, so y^• Genzerichus wondering at y^• circumstance coniec∣tured a right of the things that were to befal him, he called Martianus vnto him, restored him his liberty & bound him with an othe, if euer he came to be emperour y^t he would ioyne in league with the Ʋandalls, and neuer take armour against them, the whiche (as Procopius writeth) Martianus

performed in deede▪ but omitting such things as may seeme impertinēt, let vs returne vnto the hi∣storie. This Martianus as he excelled in pietie towardes God, so he passed in iustice towardes his subiects. he deemed that to be richesse, not which consisted of treasure and raising of tribute: but onely that whiche supplyed the want of the needy, and yeelded a safe and a secure life vnto suche as enioyed great possessions. he was a terror vnto his people, not in punishing offēdors, but in threa∣tening, least at any time they should offend: and therefore the empire was vnto him no inheritance but the hire of vertue, the which he obtained with the generall consent of all, both Senatours, sub∣iectes, and all sorts of people, when as Pulcheria the Empresse perswaded them to doe no lesse, whom he entertained in his pallace as an Empresse, yet knewe her not as man knoweth his wife, for she continewed a virgine vnto her last houre. These things were done before that Valentinianus the Romaine Emperour ratified the election of Martianus, who afterwardes vnderstanding of his vertuous disposition condescended thereunto. Martianus laboured with al might possible that all men ioyntly should laude God, and the lipps whose languages impietie had confounded, shoulde deuoutly nowe at length close together, and sounde out with harmonie and concent, the prayse of the liuing God.

CAP. II.

Of the councell of Chalcedon and the occasion why it was summoned.

WHen Martianus was of the disposition mentioned before, there came vnto him Legats frō Leo byshop of old Rome, signifyinge y^• Dioscorus had made light of the decree which Leo had laid down in the councel of Ephesus agreeable with the true & rightfayth: there came others also reporting what iniuries & contumelies Dioscorus had done vnto thē, requesting y^• a councell might be called together for the hearing of their causes. The which sute as chiefe of all others, Eusebuis byshop of Dorilaeum made vnto the emperour & followed hard, opening vnto him how that both he and Flauianus were deposed of their byshoprickes through the fraude and wyles of Chrysaphius one sometime of Theodosius garde: y^• Flauianus (at what time Chrysaphius sent vnto him requiring golde for his admission into the byshopricke) sent vnto him the holy vessell of the Church for to make him throughly ashamed of his demaunde: and that Chrisaphius wallowed a∣like in the hereticall puddle and blasphemous impietie of Eutyches. he certified him moreouer that Flauianus was piteously put to death by the procurement of Dioscorus, thrust by him violently out of the Church, and disdainfully pounced with his feete. The councel of Chalcedon was summoned for the hearinge of the aforesaide accusations. Legats and posts were sent into euery prouince, the holy clergie were called together by letters, containing graue and godly matter, first of all to meet at Nice, so that Leo byshop of Rome wrote vnto them by Pascasianus, Lucentius and others whome he sent thither to supply his rowme in such sort as followeth: Vnto the byshopps assembled at Nice, Leo sendeth greeting: afterwardes at Chalcedon a citie in Bithynia, where Nestorius was ci∣ted to appeare, as Zacharie Rhetor doth fauourably report of him. But it is plaine it could not be so, for Nestorius was commaunded vnder paine of an accurse not to shewe his face in the councell. The which thing also Eustathius byshop of Berytum writeth plainely in the letters which he sent to Iohn the byshop & to another Iohn the priest, of the canons laid downe by that councel. his words are these. There came to this councell such as diligently searched out for the reliques of Nestori∣us* 1.1 and with open mouthes they exclaimed vpon the councell: what reason and conscience is there that holy men shoulde be accursed? So that the Emperour was greatly incensed against them and commaunded his gard they should send them packing with a vengeance. Wherefore I can not see how Nestorius after his deceasse should be called to the councell.

CAP. III.

The description of the Temple of the holy martyr Euphemia within the citie of Chalcedon and the miracles wrought therein.

THe byshops from euerie where mette in the holy Temple of Euphemia the martyr, whiche standes in Chalcedon a citie of Bithynia. this Temple lyeth from Bosphorus litle more then two furlonges, situated in a very pleasaunt soyle, rising vpwarde steepe wise, so that such as

frequent this Martyrs temple may easily mount vp by a litle and a litle without wery••••esse, and in they come vnwares, yea into the body of the Church. being there & looking downewardes, as out of a kenninge towre they see all the fields vnderneath them as euen grounde and plaine valleyes, florishing with greene grasse, loden with corne and couered with goodly woodes of all sortes ve∣ry delectable to behold: moreouer they see high hills and craggie rocks rising gayely by degrees vp into the skies: diuerse sortes of seaes, some yeldinge a blewish and skie colour by reason of the cleere wether playing as it were calmely and gently with the shores while the adioyning regions are voyd of tempest, some other tossed with blustering blastes of winde and raginge stormes, hur∣ling vp pimple stones, foming out filth and paultry weedes, casting shelfish vpon the bankes with whyrling waues. Furthermore this temple stands right ouer against Constantinople so that the beholdinge of so worthie and so noble a citie bringes vnto it great maiestie, this temple is of three fortes of goodly and large buylding: the first lieng wide open with a long porch receauing the tem∣pered a••r of the skie sett vp with goodly pillours on euery side. The second in length and breadth like vnto y^• former adornedlikewise with litle pillours differing only in height, & y^• lifted ridge. Of the North side of which second building there is a rownd Ile & the great windowe vnto the East, the pillours within are cunningly wrought bowewise, of the same stuff and one biggenes after the forme of a circle. Underneath these there is a loft ouercast with the like rouffe where it is lawefull for euery one to pray vnto the Martyr & to be present at the holy mysteries. Within the Ile East∣wards there is a vestry artificiallie builded where the reliques of the holie martyr are chested in a longe coffer cunninglie made of siluer, the which some men for the length thereof doe call Longe as if the proper name were so. The miracles wrought at certen times by this blessed Martyr are knowen I am sure of euerye Christian. For oftentimes either she appeareth vnto the Bishops in their sleepe which orderlye succeede in the gouernemente of that Church, or sheweth her selfe vnto some other that are of great fame for their vertuous life and godlines charging them to celebratea feast in that Church of daynty & delicate foode. The which thing being signified vnto the Empe∣rours, vnto the chiefe Prieste and wholl citie, all ranne thither both Prince, Priest, and people to become partakers of the mysteries. After all this in the sight of the wholl assembly, the Bishop of Constātinople accompanied with his clergie gott him into the vestry where the corps of this ho∣ly Martyr (aboue named) was interred. There is on the left hande of this coffin and chested corps* 1.2 as it were a litle wickett very strongly made of litle latises through the which they vse to let down a longe iron with a sponge tyed about the end, they dipp and soke it round about in the dead corps after wardes pull vp the sponge all embrued with cogeled drops of blood. The people seeing this, worship God immediatly and magnifie his holy name. There are so many drops of cōgeled blood drawen vp that they suffice the religious Emperours, the wholl assembly of priests gathered ther together, & all the flocking multitude not onely to participate thereof them selues, but also to send vnto the other faithfull throughout the world, that full fayne would be partakers with them. But the congeled drops continew still the same, neither doth the holy blood chaunge the hewe or colour thereof at all. All which things are not to be seene at any certaine, speciall, or appointed time but thereafter as the Bishop of that place is in life and as it agreeth with his vertues. For they report when any singular man of godly disposition is chosen Bishop of that Church, that then most com∣monly this miracle is to be seene: but when a leude person is crept to enioy the rowme that these things very seldome come to passe. An other thing yet I will rehearse which is stayed and hindred neither by time neither by occasion, neither maketh any difference betwene faithfull and infidell but sheweth it selfe alike vnto all men. When any cometh into the vestry where the coprs of this holy martyr is chested he is so rauished with such fragrant odours that all other perfumes in com∣parison of that seeme worth nothinge. For it is like neither the sweete smelling flowres culled in the greene medowes, neither any other redolēt sauor whatsoeuer neither such as is made of plea∣sant oyles: but it is a straunge and passing all the rest breathing out of the Martyrs dead body.

CAP. IIII.

Of the things handeled & decided by the councell of Chalcedon, howe after they had deposed Dioscorus b. of Alexandria they restored Theodoritus and Ibas to theyr Bishopricks.

IN the aforesayde place described of vs at large the Councell of Byshoppes mette toge∣ther where Pascasianus and Lucentius Byshopps, and Boniface a Priest, legats (as I sayd before) of Leo Byshoppe of olde Rome: Anatolius Byshopp of Constantinople, Dioscorus

byshopp of Alexandria, Maximus byshopp of Antioch, and Iuuenalis byshopp of Ierusalem, with the priestes of their seuerall prouinces were present. There sate with them the chiefe sena∣tors vnto whome the substitutes of Leo sayde that Dioscorus ought not to sitt with them in the coun∣cell, that Leo their byshopp had charged them no lesse, and if they woulde not yeelde vnto it, that they woulde leaue the Churche and bidd them farewell. When the Senators demaunded what crimes Dioscorus was to be charged withall, their aunswere was, that he who contrarye to all right and honestie playde the part of a Iudge, was to▪ abide the sentence of iudgement him selse for the censure he had pronounced of others. These thinges beinge spoken, and Dioscorus also be∣inge appointed to stande in the middest, Eusebius byshopp of Dorylaeum requested that the suppli∣cation he had sent vnto the Emperour might be openly reade in their hearing, and withall he ad∣ded these wordes. I protest vnto you that Dioscorus hath iniuried me not a litle, he hath also brought our religion into great infamye, he procured the death of Flautanus the byshopp, and wrongfully deposed him together with me. cause I beseeche you my supplication to be reade. When he had made an ende of speakinge his supplication was reade, contayninge suche a forme as followeth.

The humble supplication of Eusebius byshop of Dorylaeum exhibited vnto the most vertuous Emperours, requestinge he may be hearde pleadinge both for him selfe and in the behalfe of the catholicke faith.

IT behoueth your maiesties (most noble and puisant emperours) to prouide carefully for the* 2.1 quietnesse of all your louing subiects, yet when all others sustaine iniuries euer to vphold and assist the sacred senate of priesthood. and herein verily the diuine godheade which graunted vnto you the rule & domination of the whole world is truely honored. wherefore seing the chri∣stian faith, & we our selues also haue bene oppressed & diuersty molested with extreme wrōg by Dioscorus the most reuerēd byshop of the most noble city of Alexandria, we are come vnto your wonted clemēcy most humbly to craue iustice at your hands. The occasion of our cōplaint is as followeth. In the councel lately held at the famous city of Ephesus (I would to God it had neuer bene called together, then had it not brought into the whole world such horrible mischiefe and hurliburly) the aforesaid Dioscorus who trode right & reasō vnder foot, who set the fear of God farre out of his sight, who maintained one absurd opinion with Eutyches that vaine & hereticall varlett, who of a longe whyle reuealed not vnto many the venome of his cankred stomacke, yet bewrayed him selfe in processe of time partly by occasion of the crimes we laide to Eutyches his charge, & partly also by occasion of the sentence which Flauianus the byshop of worthy memo∣rie pronounced against him: gathered together a great multitude of seditious persons, raised with his money no small power, laboured as muche as laye in him to ouerthrowe the catho∣licke religion and godly fayth of the auncient fathers, and to establishe the blasphemous opini∣on of Eutyches the monk whose opinion was euer condēned of the holy fathers from the Apo∣stles time vnto this day. wherfore seing the haynous offences he committed both impudently to the derogation of the Christian faith & vncharitably against vs, be of no smal importāce, we are most humbly to craue vpon our bare knees of your graces, and to request that by vertue of your autority the most reuerēd byshop Dioscours may be inioyned to aunswere vnto suche crimes as we haue laid to his charge, to wit, vnto such practises of his, & records as he broughtforth against vs in the holy councell, wherby we shalbe able plainly to proue that he is estraunged from the catholicke faith: that he maintaineth an opinion which is nothing else but blasphemy it selfe: that he both deposed vs vniustly & iniuried vs diuersly besides▪ we beseeche you moreouer to vouchsafe the sending of your gracious letters vnto the holy & general councel of the most god∣ly byshops, to thend both our doings & his may indifferently be heard, & that your highnes may be certified againe of al that is handled by the councel, hoping that therein we shall please our immortal head Christ Iesus. If we may obtaine (most holy emperours) this our humble sute at your maiesties hāds, we will not ceasse day & night to pray for the prosperous state of your em∣pire, & the cōtinuāce of your raigne.

After these things y^• acts of y^• secōd coūcel of Ephesus were o∣penly read at y^• request both of Dioscorus & Eusebius: y• subtle disputation & exquisit discourse ther∣of both written of many others & also laid down among y• acts of y• councel of Chalcedō, if I should here pen for y• reader (who peraduēture wilbe desirous to vnderstād y• finall end of al their doings)

without doubt I should seeme to post him ouer with delayes, I will therefore referre it to the ende of this booke, where as many as will haue all things (after their common saying) at their fingers endes, may both reade all, and carefully committ the whole to memorie. But nowe let vs pro∣ceede on in the things which we haue chiefely purposed to handle, that is to saye, howe Dioscorus bewrayed him selfe, partly by reiecting the Epistle of Leo byshopp of old Rome, and partly also by deposing Flauianus byshop of newe Rome, all which he did in one day, and craftely deuised that the byshops whiche assembled together should subscribe vnto a blancke, where afterwards he caused the depriuation of Flauianus to be written. when these thinges were done, the senators decreed as followeth. The next day after when the councell aduised them selues somewhat better, we* 2.2 doe perceiue that they reasoned more exquisitly of the true and catholicke fayth. VVherefore seeinge that Flauianus the byshopp of worthie memory and Eusebius the most reuerende by∣shopp of Dorilaeum were founde not to haue erred in the fayth after we had searched the actes and decrees of the councell, and also by the report of suche as were chiefe in the councell, and therefore vniustly to haue beene deposed (for they confessed them selues sowly deceaued and wrongfully to haue depriued Flauianus and Eusebius) It seemeth good vnto vs, and no doubt God approueth the same, that Dioscorus the most reuerend byshop of Alexandria (if it so please our Lorde the Emperour) Iuuenalis the most reuerend byshop of Ierusalem, Thalassius the most reuerend byshop of Caesarea in Cappodocia, Eusebius the most reuerende byshop of Armenia, Eu∣stathius the most reuerend byshop of Berytus, & Basilius the most reuerende byshop of Seleucia in Isauria (who were then of autority and chief of the councell) should be punished alike, depo∣sed of their byshopricks, by the censure & iudgemēt of the councell, as the canons of the church doe require, & be at the emperours pleasure. Immediatly there were other bils exhibited against Dioscorus both of the crimes he committed, and the money he had receaued: but when Dioscorus being called y^• second & the third time of y^• councel, sent fained excuses for him self & came not, y^• Le∣gats* 2.3 of Leo byshop of old Rome, stood vp in y^• councel, & said as followeth, The haino{us} offēces which Dioscorus late byshop of the noble city of Alexandria, cōmitted against the canons of the coun∣cells, & the ecclesiastical discipline are throughly knowē of vs al, partly by sifting out such things as were heard in the former session, and partly also by examining such things as we decided this day. And that we may omit many other things, this man of his owne autority cōtrary to the ca∣non of the church receaued Eutyches into the cōmunion, an heretick of the same opinion with him, & one that was iustly deposed by his owne proper byshop, to wit, the most holy father, and our byshop Flauianus: & this he did before he shewed his face in the councel which he held with the most holy byshops at Ephesus. but the Apostolicke seae pardoned the byshops because they were constrained against their wills to doe that whiche they did: who yeelded them selues vnto this present houre both to Leo the most holy byshop, & to the whole sacred & general assembly of byshops, & therefore as men of one opinion with him, he receaued thē into the cōmunion. As for this Dioscorus he cesseth not as yet to glory of the things for the which he ought to mourne, lament & lie groueling vpon the ground in sackcloth & ashes, not onely this but also he f••rbad the reading of holy Pope Leo his epistle written vnto Flauianus of godly memory, yea being oft intreated of the Legats, naye when he him selfe had promised with an othe he woulde procure it to be read. the default in not reading of which epistle, hath bene both an offence & hindrance vnto the holy churches vnder heauen. Although he was priuey to such lewde practises, yet haue we assēbled together, to thend we might deale somewhat fauourably both vvith him for all his former leudnes, and also in like sort with the other godly byshops which were not of equall au∣tority with him in iudgment. but seing that his later misdemenure exceeded his former impiety, for he sticked not to excōmunicate Leo the most holy and most religious archebyshop of Rome, moreouer whē shameful bills were exhibited against him, & he him self being cited once, twise, & the thirde time as the canon of the church hath cōmaunded by the godly byshops to appeare before the councel, yet would be not come, for his owne cōscience accused him, but entertained cōtrary vnto law such as were iustly deposed by diuers councells & set at naught sundry cōstitu∣tions of the church condemning as it were him selfe with his owne doings: once againe seeinge these are found to be his later practises, Leo the most holy archebyshop of great & olde Rome, by vs and this sacred assembly together with the most blessed Apostle S. Peter, who is the rocke, the grounde of the Catholicke Churche, and the fundation of the true fayth bereaued him of all dignitie that belongeth to a byshop, and depriued him of the priestly function▪ wherefore let

this holy councell geue the sentence of Dioscorus (of whom we haue hitherto spoken) according vnto the canons of the Church. When these things were ratified by the councell, and certen other things decided, y^• byshops that were deposed with Dioscorus at y^• request of the councell, & the con∣sent of y^• emperour were restored to their byshopricks: againe when they had annexed certē things vnto their former constitutious y^• conncell pronounced such a sentence as followeth. Our Lord and sauiour Iesus Christe going about to confirme his disciples in the knowledge of the fayth, saide vnto them: my peace I geue you, my peace I bequeath vnto you, to thende none should vary frō* 2.4 his neighbour in sacred religion, but that all with one mouth & minde should acknowledg the word of trueth. (Imediately after when they had read y^• creed established by the councell of Nice, with y^• forme of faith agreed vpon by a hundred & fiftye godly fathers assembled at Constantinople, they procede on in these words) that diuine & holy creed containing the abundance of the grace & spirit of god is sufficient both to bring men vnto a perfect knowledg of the faith, & also vnto a sure cōfirmation of the same▪ for it instructeth vs most exquisitly in such things as we must ne∣cessarily know of the father, of the sonne, & of the holy ghost, and setteth forth after the plainest maner the incarnation of our Lord Iesus for them that with faith wil embrace it. but seeing that certen leud & godles persons endeuoring with their erronious opinions, to root out true religiō haue brought into the world many vaine fantasies of their idle braines, of which number some were not affraid to corrupt the true vnderstanding & the mistery of the manhood, our Lord Ie∣sus toke for our sakes & to deny the mother or bearing of God which is attributed vnto the virgine* 2.5 Mary, other some fained very fondly that the diuinity & the humanity consisted of one nature, confoūding both with a certē imaginatiue cōmixitō of natures, & affirming with horrible blas∣phemy* 2.6 that in the said confusion the diuine nature of the onely begotten was patible. therefore this great & general coūcel presētly assēbled together being desirous with al might to stop eue∣ry gapp, & to cutt of all occasion of deuelishe deuices wrought to the ouerthrowe of the trueth, decreeth that the faith which we receiued of the fathers is inuiolably to be retained: and there∣fore* 2.7 commaundeth aboue all other formes of fayth, that the creede deliuered vnto vs of three hundred and eighteene godly fathers is firmely to be beleeued. moreouer to thende the ene∣mies of the holy Ghoste may vtterly be foyled, it ratifieth the doctrine aftervvardes establi∣shed touching the substance of the holy Ghost by a hundred and fifty godly byshopps whiche mett at the princely citye of Constantinople: the which essence those fathers made manifeste vnto the whole world, not by adding anything of their owne, as if the canons of the Nicene coū∣cell were vnperfect, but that they might declare by manifest testimonies of holy scripture what their owne opinion was of the holy ghost against such as denied the godhead thereof. further∣more to the confutation of suche as doubted not to peruert the mysterie of our Lords incarna∣tion, assirming both impiously and blasphemously that he which was borne of the holy virgine was but onely man, this holy councell approueth the synodicall Epistles of holy Cyrill by∣shopp* 2.8 of Alexandria, written vnto Nestorius and to the byshops of the East churches, partly to refell the mad and franticke opinion of Nestorius, and partly also for to instruct such as are god∣ly disposed, and labour to attaine vnto the true vnderstandinge of the holye creede. Againe this councell annexeth thereunto not without good consideration the Epistle of Leo the most holy archebyshop of old Rome, which he wrote vnto Flauianus the most holy archebyshopp for the remouinge and rooting out of the Churche of God the fanaticall opinion of Eutyches, as a* 2.9 worthie tract agreeing with the consession of Peter that great Apostle, and as it were a stronge pillour and fortresse to vpholde the true and sincere doctrine against all erronious opinions. for he valiantly encountreth with such as endeuored to deuide the mystery of the incarnation into two sonnes: he excommunicateth suche as dare presume to saye that the diuinitie of the onely begotten is patible: he manfully withstandeth suche as confounde or make a commixtion of both the natures in Christe: he ratleth sickebraines and frentike fooles, who affirme that the shape of a seruant which he tooke of vs, was of a celestiall or some other kinde of substance: last of all he accurseth suche as vaynely haue fayned that before the couplinge of the natures* 2.10 there vvere tvvo, but after the vnitynge of them that there vvas but one onely nature in the Lorde. VVherefore treadinge one trace, and immitatinge the fayth of the holy Fathers vvhiche vvent before vs, vve consesse one, and the same sonne our Lorde Iesus Christe, and vvith one generall consent vve saye that he is perfecte God and perfecte man, true God and true man of a reasonable soule and humane fleshe subsistinge: of one substance vvyth the

father according vnto his diuinitye, but of one substance with vs according vnto his humanitye: like vnto vs in all things, sinne onely excepted: begotten of the father before all worlds, accor∣ding vnto his godhead, but borne in these later dayes for our sakes, and for our saluation of the virgine mary, & the mother of God according vnto his manhood: one & the same Iesus Christ, the sonne, the Lord, the onely begotten: of two natures, knowen without confounding of thē, without mutation, without diuision without separation: the distinctiō of natures not remoued for all the vniting of them, but the proprietie of both natures vvholly retayned and coupled to∣gether in one person, or as the Grecians say, in one 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 not seuered & parted into tvvo per∣sons, but one and the selfe same onely begotten sonne, God the vvorde, and the Lorde Iesus Christe, euen as the Prophetts of olde, and Christe him selfe aftervvardes haue instructed vs of him and the same hath the faith of the fathers deliuered vnto vs. Seeinge we haue sifted out the trueth of these thinges with great care and diligence, the sacred and generall councell hath de∣creed that it shall be lavvfull for no man, eyther to alleage or to vvrite, or to frame, or to be∣leeue, or to teache any other fayth. Moreouer this councell commaundeth suche as presume to deuise any other fayth, or to bringe forth, or to teache, or to publishe any other creede vn∣to suche as turne eyther from paganisme, or from Iudaisme, or from any other secte whatsoe∣uer, vnto the knowledge of the trueth, if they be byshops, that they be deposed of their byshop∣like dignities: if priests, that they be vnministred: if monks and lay people, that they shoulde be accursed. After the reading of these decrees, Martianus the Emperour, who was present at the councell of Chalcedon, who made there also an Oration, returned to Constantinople. Iuue∣nalis and Maximus, Theodoritus and Ibas, who had bene deposed, were restored to their bysho∣pricks. other thinges there were handled by the councell, the whiche shall be layde downe (as I* 2.11 saide before) in the ende of this hooke. They decreed besides all the aforesaide that the byshopps seae of New Rome, that is of Constantinople, because she enioyed the second honor after Olde Rome, shoulde be chiefe and in honor aboue all other cities.

CAP. V.

Of the sedition raysed at Alexandria about the election of Proterius and in like sort at Ierusalem.

AFter that Dioscorus was exiled into Gangrena, a citie of Paphlagonia, Proterius by the ge∣nerall* 2.12 consent of the councell was chosen byshopp of Alexandria. Beinge stalled in the seae, there rose amonge the people through heate of contention a wonderfull great tumult & vprore. for as it falleth out in such hurliburlies, some would needs cal home Dioscorus, some others very earnestly cleaued vnto Proterius, so that there ensued thereof great slaughter and bloodshed. for Priscus the Rhetorician writeth howe the lieuetenant of Thebais came then to Alexandria,* 2.13 saw al the people on an vprore, & set vpon the magistrates, how they threwe stones at the garrison which endeuoured to keepe y^• peace, how of force they made y^• soldiers flie vnto y^• temple, of old cal∣led Serapis, how the people ranne thither, ransacked y^• temple & burned y^• soldiers quick. the empe∣rour vnderstanding hereof to haue sent thither imediatly two thousand chosē soldiers: who hauing winde & wether at will, arriued at Alexandria y^• sixt day after. Againe when y^• soldiers rauished the wiues, & defloured the daughters of y^• citizens inhabiting Alexandria, y^• the latter skirmish & com∣bat exceded the former in cruelty. After al this how the people assembled together at Circus where their spectacles were solemnized, & there to haue requested Florus who was captaine of the garrisō & gouernour of their city in ciuill affaires, y^• he would restore vnto them y^• priueledged corne which he had depriued them of, their bathes, their spectacles, & other things whatsoeuer were takē from* 2.14 them because of their insurrection & tumults. The aforesaide autor reporteth that Florus appeased their wrath with his presence & gentle exhortation, & restored peace for a while. but in the meane space the monks which inhabited y^• deserts adioyning vnto Ierusalem could not setle quietnes with∣in their brests. for some of them which had bene at the councell & dissented from the decrees, came to Palaestina, cōplayned of the forme of fayth deliuered by y^• councell, & laboured to set other monks on firy sedition. but whē Iuuenalis returned frō y^• councell to his byshoprick & was cōpelled by such aduersaries as laboured to bring him into y^• contrary opinion to cōfute & detest his owne religion & had fled vnto the city where y^• emperour made his abode: they y^• impugned & reuiled the councell of Chalcedon (as I said before) gathered thē selues together, made an election vpon Easter day, chose

Theodosius to their byshopp, who was the ringleader of the whole mischiefe raised in the councell, and the first that certified them of the canons and decrees thereof: concerning whome not long af∣ter* 2.15 the Monks of Palaestina wrote vnto Alcison, how that he was conuicted of haynous crimes by hiw owne byshopp, and expulsed the monastery, and how that continewing a while at Alexandria he cleaued to Dioscorus, was whipped for sedition, set vpon a Camell as malefactors are vsed, and carted throughout the citie. vnto this Theodosius there came many out of the cities of Palaestina, re∣questing him to appoint them byshops, of which number Petrus the Iberian was made byshop of Maiuma hard by Gaza▪ when the trueth of these treacheries came to light Martianus the Empe∣rour commaunded first of all that Theodosius should be brought vnto him with power of armed sol∣diers, secondly he sent thither Iuuenalis, to thende he shoulde reforme the disordered state of the Church, and reduce all to peace and quietnes, moreouer he commaunded him to depose as many as Theodosius had preferred to y^• priestly functiō. After the returne of Iuuenalis into Ierusalē, many grieuous calamities & mischieuous deuices, such as most cōmonly (through the instigation of the enuious deuell, and satan the sworne enemy to God and man) are wont to raigne in the mindes of mortall men, ensued by the meanes of y^e contrary factions. for the deuell by chaunging of one letter and lewde interpreting thereof, brought to passe that it should be pronounced either way for to e∣stablish a contrary opinion, the which sentence as diuers doe thinke is so repugnant, and inferreth such contradictorie sense and meaning, that the one seemeth vtterly to subuert and ouerthrowe the other. for he that confesseth Christ to be IN two natures, saith no lesse but that he consisteth O•• two* 2.16 natures, for by graunting that Christ is both IN diuinitie and humanitie, is to confesse that he con∣sisteth OF diuinitie and humanitie. he againe that saith that Christ consisteth OF two natures affir∣meth plainly that he is IN two natures, for by auouching that he consisteth of diuinitie and huma∣nitie, he testifieth him to be in diuinitie and humanitie: yet not by conuersion of the fleshe into the godhead (whose vniting is inexplicable) neither of y^• godhead into flesh: so that whē we say OF TVVO, we vnderstand withall IN TVVO, & by saying IN TVVO, we meane OF TVVO, not parting y^• one frō the other. for it is toe plaine that the whole, not onely consisteth of the parts, but y^t the whole is vnder∣stood in the parts, yet for al y^• some men be of the vpinion y^t they are farre seuered a sunder, because their mindes and heads are so occupied before, or else because they maintaine some sulline opinion of God or selfe will. that they had leuer endure any kinde of death, then yeelde vnto the plaine and manifest trueth. by occasion of this subtlety of satan the aforesaid mischieues ensued. but so much of these things in this sort.

CAP. VI.

Of the great necessitie of rayne, famine and pestilence, and howe that in certaine places (hardly to be belieued) the earth brought forth of her owne accorde.

ABout that time there was suche scarsitie of rayne in both Phrygia, Galatia, Cappadocia and* 2.17 Cilicia, that men wanting necessaries receiued poysoned nurishment, and deadly food: vpon this there rose a great pestilence, and men after chaunge and alteration of diet beganne to sickenne, their bodies swelled, the inflammation was so great that it made them starke blinde, they had withall such a cough that they died thereof the third day. Although there could no medicine be had, neither remedy be found for this pestilence, yet by the prouidence of almighty God the famine relented for suche as were left aliue: for it is reported that in that deare and barren yeare there came downe foode from the aer no otherwise then Manna of olde vnto the 〈◊〉〈◊〉, and the yeare following the earth of her owne accorde brought forth fruite. Neither w•…•… this miserie rise throughout Palaestina, but also sundry calamities raigned in many and in•…•… regions.

CAP. VII.

How Ʋalentinianus the Emperour was slaine, Rome taken and ransacked.

WHile the aforesaide calamities raigned in the East, Aëtius was lamentably put to death* 2.18 at olde Rome. Ʋalentinianus also Emperour of the West parts of the worlde was slaine together with Heraclius by certen soldiers of Aëtius, through the treason of Maximus,

who aspired vnto the Empire, and therefore wrought their destruction because the wife of Max∣imus had bene deflowred by Ʋalentinianus and forced to commit adulterie. This Maximus mari∣ed Eudoxia the wife of Ʋalentinianus against her will. she (neyther without good cause) tooke this as a great contumelie and reproche, deuised euerie way howe to reuenge her husbandes death (for she is a woman, exceedinge outragious for stayninge the puritie of her vessell, of an intractable* 2.19 minde, when her honesty is oppressed, specially by suche a one whose crueltie bereaued her hus∣band of his life) she sendes to Libya vnto Genzerichus, makes him faire promises, puttes him in good hope of prosperous successes, requests him that vnlooked for he would inuade the Empire of Rome, and promised to yeelde all into his handes. This being compassed Rome is taken. Genzeri∣chus being a Barbarian, of behauiour vnconstant, and of litle trust▪ gaue no credit vnto her words, set the citye on fire, caryed away the spoyle, tooke Eudoxia with her two daughters, returned, got him to Libya and maried Eudoxia the elder daughter to his sonne Honorichus. but he sent Placidia the yonger daughter together with Eudoxia her mother, accompanied with a princely traine vn∣to Martianus, hopinge thereby to mitigate his wrath and displeasure. for he was offended not a litle at the burning of Rome, and the abusing of Ʋalentinianus the Emperours daughters. Marti∣anus afterwards gaue Placidia to wife vnto Olybrius a noble man and a senator of Rome, who when* 2.20 the citie was taken fledd to Constantinople. After the death of Maximus, Auitus was Emperour of Rome the space of eight moneths: when the plague had dispatched him, Maiorinus the yeare following tooke the gouernement of the Empire: againe when Rhecimerus a Romaine captaine had procured through treason the death of Maiorinus, Seuerus became Emperour of Rome the space of three yeares.

CAP. VIII.

The death of Martianus the Emperour, and the raigne of Leo: and how the hereticall fa∣ction within Alexandria, slew Proterius their byshopp, and chose in his rowme Timotheus Aelurus.

WHile Seuerus continued his raigne in the Empire of Rome, Martianus hauing gouer∣ned* 2.21 onely seuen yeares chaunged his kingdome, got him to a farre more excellent ha∣bitation, and left vnto his successors a princely example of rule. The people of Alexan∣dria vnderstanding of his death, renued their spite with a farre greater rage and furie against Pro∣terius. The people are wont vpon light and triflinge occasions to raise tumults and sedition, but specially at Alexandria: who boldening them selues with often brawlinge, beinge in very deede but raskalls and abiectes, take vpon them like blinde bayardes great enterprises. And therefore they say that euery Iack straw if it so please him may geue the onsett, set the citie all on an vprore, drawe the people here and there at his pleasure, in ••o much they are not ashamed (as Herodotus writeth of Amasis) to fight diuers times with their shadowes and for matters of no importance at all. In such things this is their disposition, but in other matters not so. The people of Alexan∣dria watchinge the absence of Dionysius captaine of the garrison, and his abode in the vpper parts* 2.22 of Aegypt consented together, and chose Timotheus syrnamed Aelurus to be their byshopp, who lately had bene a monk, yet then one of the priests of Alexandria: and after they had brought him into the great Church called Caesar, they proclaime him their byshop, for all Proterius as yet liued and executed the priestly function. Eusebius byshop of Pelusium, and Peter the Iberian, byshopp of* 2.23 Maiuma were present at the election of Timothee, the which thinges are remembred of the histori∣ographer, who wrote the life of Peter, where also he reporteth that Proterius was slaine, not of the people, but by a soldier▪ for when Dionysius being driuen with the rumor of the horrible practises committed there, 〈◊〉〈◊〉 in post haste to Alexandria, for to quenche the firie flame of sedition: certen citizens (as it was credibly enformed vnto Leo the Emperour) through the perswasion of Timo∣thee, ranne Proterius through with a naked sworde as he passed by, & fled towardes the holy font, tyed him with a rope, and trailed him to the fouresquare porche, for all men to gaze at him, & there with shouting and laughter they reueale the murthering of Proterius. Afterwardes they drew his carkasse throughout the citie, and burned it to ashes, neither abstained they like sauadge and bruite beastes (as they were) from tastinge of his bowells euen as it is manifest vnto the whole worlde by the complaint which the byshopps throughout Aegypt, with all the clergie of Alexandria be∣holding the circumstances with their eyes made (as I said before) vnto Leo the successor of Mar∣tianus

in the Empire of Rome, written in maner as followeth.

Ʋnto Leo, the vertuous, religious, victorius by the testimony of God him selfe, and triumphant Emperour: the complaint made by all the byshops through∣out your prouince of Aegypt, and by the clergie of your chiefest and most holy Church of Alexandria.

SEinge the diuine and celestiall grace of God (most holy emperour) hath ordained your highnesse as a levvell and treasure for mortall men: you ceasse not (we speake vnfainedly) imediately and next after God continually to prouide for the safety and profit of the com∣mon vveale. In a while after they say. when the peace which raigned among the godly people, both here with vs and with in the citie of Alexandria, was remoued, out of the Churche of God, Timotheus then beinge a priest, gott him imediately after the councell of Chalcedon vvas dissolued onely with foure or fiue byshopps, together with a fevve monks, fell from the fayth, and deuided him selfe from the Catholicke Churche. These his companions were infected with the pernicious doctrine of Apollinarius, & the pestilent error of Timothee him selfe: al they were then deposed of their priestly dignities according vnto the canon of the Churche both by Pro∣terius of worthie memorie, and the councell of byshops helde in Aegypt, and also exiled by the Emperours, whose displeasure they had procured. Againe after a fewelines. The same Timothee, at what time Martianus the Emperour of famous memorie chaunged this fraile life for blisfull rest in the celestiall paradise, sticked not most impudently to reuile him with raylinge and op∣probrious languages, as if he had bene subiect to no lawe: he staggered not like a shamelesse caytiffe at accursing the sacred and generall assembly of byshopps which mett at Chalcedon: he ledde after him a multitude of chaungelings and seditious people: he set vp him selfe against the holy canons, the decrees of the Churche, the common weale and lawes: he intruded him selfe into the holy Churche of God, which had both a pastor and a teacher, to witt, our most ho∣ly father and archbyshopp Proterius, as he celebrated the wonted mysteries, and offered vp the sacrifice of prayer vnto Christ Iesus the sauiour of vs all for your holy Empire, and for your chri∣stian and religious pallace. Againe they say. The next day after, as Proterius the most holy father executed (as the manner is) the function of a byshop, Timotheus tooke vnto him two byshopps deposed of their dignities with some banished priests, as we saide before, and was consecrated byshopp by two of them, when as none of all the Catholicke byshops throughout the prouince of▪ Aegypt (as the vse is in consecrating the byshopp of Alexandria) was present: and so tooke possession as he perswaded him selfe of the archebyshopps chaire, but verily it was nothing els saue plaine whoredome against the spouse of Christ, and the Churche of God whiche had an husband of her owne, that celebrated therein the holy mysteries, and gouerned the same accor∣ding vnto the canons of the Churche. When they had enterlaced a fewe lines, they went on as followeth. Blessed Proterius could doe no other then (as it is written) geeue place vnto wrath: &* 3.1 to thende he might escape the furie of such as ranne headlong to dispatche him out of the way, he made his refuge vnto the reuerend fonte: the whiche place of all others, yea the Barbarians and bruitish people being altogether ignorant of the vertue and grace which ishueth thence are loth to prophane. yet these men purposing to performe in deede that which from the beginning they had deuised for Timothee, saued not the life of Proterius, no not in those priueledged places of the temple: reuerenced not the religious place: honored not the time (for it was on the high feaste of Easter) stoode in no awe of holy pristhood, which is a mediation betweene God and man: slew him being innocent and dispatched with him six others for company, They brought with them the wounded carcasse, they lugged it throughout the citie, they set it out piteously to be skorned at, they cruelly rent with the lash of the whipp the senselesse corps, they vnioynted the members throughout the body, neither refrayned they after the manner of bruite beastes to tast of his bowells whome they lately tooke for a mediator betweene God and man. last of all that which remained they burned to ashes scattering and hurlinge into the aer the ashes thereof exceeding therein the sauadgnesse and crueltie of bruite beastes▪ the autor and ringleader of all these mischiefes was Timotheus.

Zachariewho discoursed in like sort of these thinges, being per∣swaded as it is like with the letters of Timothee which he wrote vnto Leo, reporteth many other thinges to haue happened, and that through the mi••demenure of Proterius, who made much adoe

(as he saith) and great sturre in Alexandria: that the people wrought not all those mischiefs, but certaine desperate soldiers, and that the Emperour Leo sent thither Stelas to chastice them for their lewdnesse.

CAP. IX.

How Leo the Emperour wrote letters throughout the worlde for to vnderstand what was best for him to doe toutching the election of Timotheus Aelurus & the councell of Chalcedon.

LEo the Emperour when he demaunded the aduise of the byshopps throughout the Romaine common weale, & other godly men likewise that were renowmed for monasticall discipline, concerning the councell of Chalcedon, and the consecration of Timotheus syrnamed Aelurus, he wrote generally vnto all men, and sent with all coppies of the supplications exhibited vnto him both by the fauorers of Proterius and the faction of Timothee. the letters he sent euery where con∣tayned such a forme as followeth.

The coppie of the godly letters of Leo the most vertuous Emperour, vnto Anatolius byshopp of Constantinople with all other archebyshopps and byshopps wheresoeuer.

LEo Emperour, and Caesar, vertuous, victorious, triumphant, chiefe Lord, all noble Augustus vnto Anatolius the byshop sendeth greetinge. It was euer our desire, that both all the most holy & Catholicke churches, and moreouer the cities subiecte vnto the Romaine dominions should enioy peace and tranquillitie, and that nothing should befall them, whiche might mo∣lest their quiet estate. what sturre there was of late risen at Alexandria, we are sure thy holines knoweth full well, but to thende thou mayst vnderstand the whole, and the occasion of so great a tumult and hurliburly, we haue sent vnto thy fatherhood the coppies of the complaints and supplications exhibited vnto our highnesse, against Timothee, both by the most holy byshopps and priests of the aforesaide citie and prouince of Aegypt, after their comming vnto the prince∣ly citie of Constantinople, as also suche supplications as certaine citizens sent from Timothee out of Alexandria vnto our campe, haue deliuered vnto vs: to this ende and purpose, that thou maist perfectly knowe what Timotheus hath practised, whome the people of Alexandria, the worthi∣est personages, the citizens & shipmasters requested to be their byshop, and what other things were contained in the supplications, and moreouer touching the councel of Chalcedon a corize vnto diuers mens consciences, as the complaints here within inclosed doe declare. VVherefore our will is that thy holinesse doe assemble all the religious and catholicke byshopps which pre∣sently remaine in this princely citie, and with them, all the sacred senate of clergie men (for our principall care is to deliuer Alexandria from tumults and sedition to peace and quietnes) that after the sifting and exquisite handling of all controuersies, we may learne what your opinion is of the aforesaide Timothee and the councell helde at Chalcedon, laying aside all feare of man, all spite and fauour, hauinge onely the feare of almightie God fixed before your eyes (you re∣member I am sure that for these thinges you shall render an accompt before the maiestie of God) that we beinge certified by your letters of all the premises, may publishe suche an edict as shalbe agreeable vnto the same.

These were his letters vnto Anatolius. The Emperour wrote other letters differing very litle in style from the aforesaide, both vnto other byshopps, and vnto other famous men, who then (as I said before) led a poore lyfe, and had not wherewith all to main∣taine* 4.1 them selues, of which number was Symeon (aboue mentioned) the first that euer made his nest in a pillour, and founde out that kinde of mansion, the rest were Baradatus and Iames, learned men of Syria.

CAP. X.

The censures and answers of diuers byshopps, and of holy Symeon vnto the aforesaide letters of the Emperour.

FIrst of all Leo byshopp of olde Rome, wrote in defence of the councell of Chalcedon, and dissa∣lowed* 4.2 the election of Timothee, as an act contrarie to the canon of the Churche: the whiche epistle of Leo, the Emperour sent by one of his trustie messengers vnto Timothee byshop of

Alexandria, to whome Timothee wrote backe againe, reprehending both the councell of Chalce∣don,* 4.3 and the epistle of Leo. The coppie of these epistles is to be seene in the letters which Leo the Emperour wrote generally vnto all men, but I omitted them, lest I shoulde wery the reader with interlacing toe many of suche kinde of workes. Moreouer other byshopps in like sort maintained very earnestly the canons of the councell of Chalcedon, and condemned with one voyce the conse∣cration of Timothee. but Amphilochius byshopp of Sida alone of all the other byshopps wrote an e∣pistle* 4.4 vnto the Emperour, where he inueyed bitterly at the election of Timothee, yet approued not the councell of Chalcedon, the which things are layde downe in writinge by Zacharie Rhetor, to∣gether with the Epistle of Amphilochius. Symeon also a man of worthie memorie, wrote touching the aforesayde controuersies two Epistles, one vnto Leo the Emperour, an other vnto Basilius by∣shopp of Antioch, of both whiche the Epistle vnto Basilius beinge but very briefe, I thinke best to lay downe for the louinge reader, it was as followeth. Vnto the most religious, most holy and dearly beloued of God, my lord Basil, the archebyshop, Symeon an humble sinner sendeth gree∣ting* 4.5 in the Lorde. Now we may very well say, blessed be God, which hath not turned away our petition, neyther withdrawen his mercie from vs miserable sinners. VVhen I had perused the letters which your holinesse sent vnto me, I fell into an admiration of the singuler care and pie∣tie of our most holy Emperour reuealed and made manifest vnto the worlde by the affection he b••re not onely vnto the holy fathers, but also by the zeale he shewed vnto the fayth confirmed by them. but this commeth not of our selues, it is, as the holy Apostle writeth, the gifte of God, who by the meanes of your prayers graunted vnto him so prompt and willing a minde. Againe after a fewe lines he saith. VVherefore I beinge an abiecte and vile creature, as it were the vn∣timely birth of the monkes signified vnto the Emperour what I my selfe thought of the creede layde downe by the sixe hundred and thirtie holy fathers, whiche assembled at Chalcedon, affir∣ming that I helde with that fayth published no doubt by the instinct & motiō of the holy ghost. for if our sauiour be in the middest of two or three gathered together in his name, howe can he chuse but be present at the assembly of so many holy fathers, seing the holy ghost hath bene with them from the beginning? After this againe. VVherefore be of good cheere and defende stout∣ly the true fayth, in such sort as Iesus the sonne of Naue seruant of the Lorde of hostes, gouerned and desended the people of Israell. I beseeche you salute from me all the clergie of your pro∣uince, with the holy and faythfull people.

CAP. XI.

The banishment of Timotheus Aelurus byshopp of Alexandria, and the election of Timotheus Salofaciolus: of Gennadius and Acacius byshopps of Constantinople.

AFter the aforesaide sturre Timotheus syrnamed Aelurus was banished Alexandria, and en∣ioyned* 4.6 to make his abode at Gangrena: wherefore the people of Alexandria those Timo∣theus (whome some called Basilicus, some other Salofaciolus) to succeede Proterius in the by∣shopricke. When Anatolius had departed this life Gennadius gouerned the byshopricke of the princelie citye of Constantinople, after him succeeded Acacius maister of the hospitall or College of Orphans.

CAP. XII.

Of the earthquake whiche happened at Antioch three hundred forty seuen yeares after that whiche was in the time of Traian.

IN the seconde yeare of Leo the Emperours raigne, there was suche a marueylous great earth∣quake* 4.7 & shaking of the fundations at Antioch, that it can not sufficiently be described. before it beganne certaine people that were borne within the citie waxed mad, raued aboue measure, and seemed vnto vs farre to exceede all furious rage of brutishe flercenesse and crueltie, as a preamble forerunninge so great a calamitie. This grieuous earthquake happened the fiue hundred and sixth yeare after the citie was called Antioch, the fourteenth day of the moneth Gorpiaeus, after the Ro∣maines, September, about the fourth houre of the night, the Sunday goinge before, the eleuenth

course of the reuolution, three hundred forty seuen yeares after the earthquake vnder Traian. That earthquake was a hundred fifty and nine yeares after the grauntinge of the charter and incorpo∣ration of the citie: but this fell in the raigne of Leo, the fiue hundred and sixth yeare, as the histo∣riographers who diligently described the circumstances thereof haue left vs in writinge: It tur∣ned vpside downe, in manner all the buyldinge of this newe citie, beinge well peopled, without a wast corner, or ruinous peece of buyldinge, but all adorned and gorgeously sett forth by the boun∣tifulnesse of the Emperours, contendinge amonge themselues successiuely who shoulde passe o∣ther. Moreouer as ye goe in, the first and seconde lodginge of the pallace were ouerthrowen, the rest standinge vp with the bath adioyninge thereunto, which bath aforetime serued to no vse, yet then of necessitie by reason the other bathes wente to ruyne, supplyed their wante, and stoode the citie in good steede. the portly gates of the pallace, the place called the fouresquare porche, the vt∣ter turretts and galleries nighe the gates where their stage playes were kept, and some porches that came out thence, some part of the bathes of Traian, Seuerus, & Adrian, the adioyning Ostra∣cina, together with the porches & Nymphaeum were turned downe to the grounde, all whiche Iohn Rhetor hath largely discoursed of. he sayth further that in consideratiō of the premises, the Empe∣rour forgaue the citie a thousand talents of gold of the tribute which they payd him & released such citizens as sustained losse, of theyr rente, last of all, that he tooke vpon him to repayre the publique edifices.

CAP. XIII.

Of the fire that raged at Constantinople.

THere fell moreouer at Constātinople a calamity not much vnlike the former nay farr more grieuous, it beganne in that part of the city which lay to the sea & is called the Oxe Causei The reporte goeth that a despitefull and wicked deuell in the forme of a woman or a poore woman through the instigation of the deuell (both is reported) went about candel light with a can∣dell in her hand vnto the market for to buy some saltfish, left her candell vpon the stall and went a∣way. When the candell had wasted to the ende of the wike, it rose into a great flame and stroke im∣mediatly in the buylding ouer heade which burned at the first, it tooke hold also of the houles that were next not onely such as easily might be set on fire, but also the stony buylding and burned them to ashes. They say this fire lasted the space of foure dayes, no man was able to quenche it, it fla∣shed throughout the middes of the citie, consumed from the north part to the south end all houses, fiue furlungs in length and fourteene in bredth, left no buylding either publique or priuate, no pil∣lours, no stony arches or vaultes in all that tyme and in all that compasse vnburned to the funda∣tion, but to haue perced the flinte stone and harde mettall as if it had bene stuble or strawe. Of the north part of the citie where the hauen lieth this lamentable destruction reached frō the Oxe-Causei (so is the place called) vnto the old temple of Apollo: in the south side frō the hauen of Iulian vnto the temple of Concorde: in the middest of the citie frō Constantines market vnto the market of Taurus, a pitiefull shewe and dredfull to behold. The goodly places & gorgeous high buyldings that had bene within the citie, the costly carued tymber yelding heretofore great maiesty vnto the eye of man, both publique and priuate were then become like craggy hills and rocks that no man could passe through, confused heapes of filth and all kind of stuff full of deformity, that the owners of them them felues could not discerne the bounds of theyr possessiō neither say this or that place stoode thus before the fire consumed them.

CAP. XIIII.

Of sundry calamities that raignedin diuerse contreyes.

ABout the same time whē the Scythian battaill waged w^t the Romaines which inhabited the Easterne partes of the Empire waxed hotte, Thracia, Hellespontus, and Ionia were won∣derfully shaken with earthquakes: no lesse were the fiftie Iles called Cyclâdes in the seae Aegaeū, Cnidos in Caria & Coo, so that many of theyr buildings were turned downe to the ground. Priscus moreouer writeth, there fell at Constantinople and in Bithynia such stormes of raine and water that for the space of three or foure dayes it poured downe like wholl streames and floodes, beate downe the hills and mountaynes with the violence thereof and made them playne valleyes: that the villages were all on flote and in daunger of drowning: that in the lake Boan not farre frō

Nicomedia by reason of the filth and all kinde of baggage which the water brought thither, there were seene Ilands. but these things came to passe in a while after.

CAP. XV.

The mariage of Zeno and Ariadne.

LEo the Emperour gaue Ariadne his daughter to Zeno, made him his sonne in lawe, who of a chylde was called Aricmesus, yet being maried, he gott that name of a noble man of I∣sauria, that had beene of greate honor and renowme. Howe this Zeno attayned vnto greate estimation, & vpon what occasion Leo preferred him before all other, Eustathius Syrus hath left vs in writinge.

CAP. XVI.

Of Anthemius that became Emperour of Rome, and also of such as succeeded him.

ANthemius at the request of the Romane embassadors inhabiting the west, which were sent in* 4.8 embassie vnto Leo y^• emperour, abiding at Constantinople, was sent to be emperour of Rome, to whome Martianus the emperour had geuen his daughter in mariage, Basiliscus also the brother of Berina the wife of Leo was made captaine ouer a great armye of chosen soldiers, & sent against Genzerichus, al which circumstances Priscus Rhetor hath exquisitly handled, neither onely these things, but also how Leo conspired the death of Aspar, whom he him selfe had made Empe∣rour, as the reward of honor he aduaunced him vnto, and slew with him also his sonnes, Ardaburius whom he had made Caesar & Patricius, to thend he might skorne at the insolency & ignorance of A∣spar* 4.9 their father. when Anthemius who gouerned the empire of Rome fiue yeare, was slai••e, Olym∣brius was by Rhecimerus proclaimed emperour: after the dispatching of him Glycerius was created emperour, he raigned fiue yeares & was deposed by Nepos, who stept in his rowme, & made Glyce∣rius a Romane byshop of Salone a city in Dalmatia, Orestes put Nepos beside the empire: after Ore∣stes his sonne Romulus syrnamed Augustulus was the last emperour of Rome, of the thousand three hundred yeares after the raigne of Romulus. when he departed this lyfe Odoacer gouerned the Ro∣mane common weale, who refused the name of an emperour, & would haue him selfe called a king.

CAP. XVII.

The death of Leo the Emperour, of yong Leo that came after him, likewise of Zeno his father and successor.

ABout that time Leo the emperonr hauing raigned seuentene yeares deposed him self of the* 4.10 imperial scepter at Constantinople & placed Leo that was of tender yeares, the sonne of A∣riadne his danghter, & of Zeno, in the empire. After him came Zeno y^• father of Leo the yon∣ger to be emperour, the sonne in law of Leo the elder, & this he obtained through the procurement of Berina the wife of Leo y^• elder: in a while after when yong Leo had departed this life Zeno raig∣ned alone. but al what so euer he did during his raigne, or what othermen did against him & what thinges happened in his dayes we purpose by the help of God to discourse in the next booke fol∣lowing.

CAP. XVIII.

Asummarie recit all of all the acts of the councell held at Chalcedon briefely handled before by E∣uagrius* 4.11 in the 4. chapter of this 2. booke where he promised to refer the reader for further know∣ledge vnto the end of this 2. booke, & now he performeth it with a large & ample discourse. maruell not at all gentle reader though he repeat here certen things which he laid downe before. As I finde them in the greeke, so thou hast them in Englishe, be beginneth thus:

PAscasianus and Lucentius the byshopps, and Boniface the priest supplyed in this councell the absence of Leo byshopp of olde Rome: Anatolius als byshopp of Constantinople, Di∣oscorus byshopp of Alexandria, Maximus byshopp of Antioch, Iuuenalis byshopp of Ie∣rusalem with their seuerall clergie, were present at the councell. There sate with them the chief se∣nators

vnto whome the substitutes of Leo sayde that Dioscorus ought not to sitt in the councell with them, that Leo their byshop had charged them no lesse, and if they woulde not yeelde vnto it, that they woulde leaue the Churche and bidd them farewell. When the Senators demaunded what crimes Dioscorus was to be charged withall, their aunswere was, that he who contrarye to all right and honestie playde the part of a Iudge, was to abide the sentence of iudgement him selfe for the censure he had pronounced of others. These thinges beinge spoken, and Dioscorus also be∣inge appointed to stande in the middest, Eusebius byshop of Dorilaeum requested that the suppli∣cation he had sent vnto the Emperour might be openly reade in their hearing, and withall he ad∣ded these wordes. I protest vnto you that Dioscorus hath iniuried me not a litle, he hath also brought our religion into great infamye, he procured the death of Flauianus the byshop, and wrongfully deposed him together with me. cause, I beseeche you, my supplication to be reade. When he had made an ende of speakinge his supplication was reade, contayninge suche a forme as followeth.

The humble supplication of Eusebius byshop of Dorilaeum exhibited vnto the most vertuous Emperours, requestinge he may be hearde pleadinge both for himselfe, for the ca∣tholikefaith, and for Flauianus byshop of Constantinople.

IT behoueth your maiesties (most noble and puisant emperours) to prouide carefully for the* 5.1 quietnesse of all your louing subiects, yet when all others sustaine iniuries euer to vphold and assist the sacred senate of priesthood. and herein verily the diuine godheade which graunted vnto you the rule & domination of the whole world is truely honored. wherfore seing the chri∣stian faith, & we our selues also haue bene oppressed & diuersly molested with extreme wrōg by Dioscorus the most reuerēd byshop of the most noble city of Alexandria, we are come vnto your wonted clemēcy most humbly to craue iustice at your hands. The occasion of our cōplaint is as followeth. In the councel lately held at the famous city of Ephesus (I would to God it had neuer bene called together, then had it not brought into the whole world such horrible mischiefe and hurliburly) the aforesaid Dioscorus who trode right & reasō vnder foot, who set the fear of God farre out of his sight, who maintained one absurd opinion with Eutyches that vaine & hereticall varlett, who of a longe whyle reuealed not vnto many the venome of his cankred stomacke, yet bewrayed him selfe in processe of time partly by occasion of the crimes we laide to Eutyches his charge, & partly also by occasion of the sentence which Flauianus the byshop of worthy memo∣rie pronounced against him: gathered together a great multitude of seditious persons, raised with his money no small power, laboured as muche as laye in him to ouerthrowe the catho∣licke religion and godly fayth of the auncient fathers, and to establishe the blasphemous opini∣on of Eutyches the monk whose opinion was euer condēned of the holy fathers from the Apo∣stles time vnto this day. wherfore seing the haynous offences he committed both impudently to the derogation of the Christian faith & vncharitably against vs, be of no smal importāce, we are most humbly to craue vpon our bare knees of your graces, and to request that by vertue of your autority the most reuerēd byshop Dioscorus may be inioyned to aunswere vnto suche crimes as we haue laid to his charge, to wit, vnto such practises of his, & records as he broughtforth against vs in the holy councell, wherby we shalbe able plainly to proue that he is estraunged from the catholicke faith: that he maintaineth an opinion which is nothing else but blasphemy it selfe: that he both deposed vs vniustly & iniuried vs diuersly besides. we beseeche you moreouer to vouchsafe the sending of your gracious letters vnto the holy & general councel of the most god∣ly byshops, to thend both our doings & his may indifferently be heard, & that your highnes may be certified againe of al that is handled by the councel, hoping that therein we shall please our immortal head Christ Iesus. If we may obtaine (most holy emperours) this our humble sute at your maiesties hāds, we will not ceasse day & night to pray for the prosperous state of your em∣pire, and the continuaunce of your raigne.

The canons concluded vpon by the byshops in the se∣cond councell of Ephesus were openly read at the request as wel of Dioscorus as of Eusebius, where it appeared that the epistle of Leo was not read at all, yea though some had spoken of it againe, & againe. Dioscorus being demaunded why it was not read, aunswered for him selfe, that he had mo∣ued the byshops and that oftentimes to doe it: Iuuenalis byshop of Ierusalem, and Thalassius byshop of Caesarea in Cappadocia, who together with Dioscorus challenged vnto them selues autority in

the councell of Chalcedon, required that all should be read & reuealed. Iuuenalis auoutched and said plainely that the emperour admonished Dioscorus by his letters to read the epistle of Leo, yet after∣wards that there was not a word spoken of it. Thalassius pleaded in like sort for him selfe, y^t he hin∣dred not the reading of it, & that he had not so much autority of him self as to cōmaund the reading of it. wherfore the acts of the councell being read, some of the byshops espied therein certaine fay∣ned and counterfeit handes, and among the rest Stephan byshop of Ephesus was demaunded of the councell who they were that subscribed with exceptions, he made aunswere that Iulian (who after∣wards was made byshop of Lebidum) and Crispinus had done so: for all that such as subscribed at the request of Dioscorus, not to haue suffred it so to stande, but to haue wrung the fingers of such as wrote & directed their pens to their great shame & infamy. In the end Stephan cōfessed that the de∣priuation of Flauianus was ratified with subscriptions the same day. for Acacius byshop of Ariara∣thia compelled all the byshops by force, & made them of necessity to subscribe vnto a blanke, mole∣sting thē infinitly with soldiers, who stood by with naked swords redy to dispatch them if they yel∣ded not. Againe they reade an other accusation whereunto Theodorus byshop of Claud••••opolis made aunswere y^• there was no such thing spokē. As they proceded on stil in reading the acts of the councel where any thing was motioned which concerned Eutyches & such as affirmed y^• the flesh of God our lord & sauiour Iesus christ came downe from heauen, they brought forth the records of the councell, where Eusebius had aunswered, y^• Eutyches had said in deed from heauen, but not to haue added whence he toke it: y^• Diogenes byshop of Cyzicum vrged him at y^• time, in this sort, tel vs thē whēce toke he flesh? and y^• they were not suffred to reasō further therof. After al this they brought forth the records, then Basilius byshop of Seleucia in Isauria said: I adore our one lord Iesus Christ the sonne of God, y^t only God y^• word, who after his incarnation & the vniting together of y^• diuinity & humanity is thought to consist in two natures. y^• byshops of Aegypt cried out against this in such sort as followeth: Let no man deuide him into parts that can not be parted. we must say there is one sonne, not two sonnes. they y^• byshops of y^• east cried: cursed be he that parteth christ, cursed be he that deuideth him. the same records did testifie y^• Eutyches being asked whether he thought y^•* 5.2 christ had two natures, made aunswere y^• according vnto his knowledge before y^• cōiunction of his diuinity & humanity together, christ consisted of two natures, but after y^• vniting of thē to haue had in him but one nature. And y^• Basil said then: if he confesse not y^• there were two natures after y^• con∣iunction of y^t natures which can neither be separated, neither confounded, then bringeth he in both a confusion & a cōmixtion: but if he say that the diuinity being incarnate put on humanity, & so vn∣derstand y^• incarnation in such sort as Cyrill doth: then saith he no other then we doe. for the diuinity which was with the father is one thing, & the humanity which he tooke of his mother is an other thing. when y^• councell demaunded of them why they had subscribed to depose Flauianus, y^• records doe declare y^• the byshops of the East cried out: we haue all done amisse, & therefore we all craue pardon. Againe going forwardes in perusing of y^• records, it appeared y^• byshops were asked why they admitted not Eusebius into their company & conference, when he requested it of them, where∣unto Dioscorus aunswered that Elpidius brought letters to warne them, & that he proued vnto them how Theodosius the emperour charged them they should not permit him to come into the councell, the acts doe witnesse y^t Iuuenalis made the same aunswere. Thalassius said y^• such things as the em∣perours had cōdemned, were of no force & autority after the condemnation, yet y^• he said not so as in defence of the faith. whereupon the records doe declare y^t Dioscorus reprehended their doings with these & such other like words: I pray you what maner of canons are now obserued? when Theodo∣ritus came in amonge them, it is reported the Senate shoulde say that he came in for an accuser: and that Dioscorus aunswered, he was to take the rowme of a byshop. The Senate then replyed that both Eusebius and Theodoritus were to stande in the rowme of accusers, no otherwise then Dioscorus was to stande at the barre and to be arrayned. All the actes of the seconde councell helde at Ephesus were reade and the sentence whiche they had pronounced against Flauianus and Euse∣bius. vntill they came to a certayne clause, at the hearinge whereof, Hilarius the byshop beganne to speake. The byshops of the East and suche as were of their side, cryed: Let Dioscorus be ac∣cursed.* 5.3 In the verye same houre Christe depriued Dioscorus, when Dioscorus deposed Flauia∣nus. O holye Lorde we beseeche the chastise thou him, and thou O Catholicke Emperour, be reuenged on him, God graunt Leo may liue manye yeares, God sende the Patriarche a longe lyfe. Laste of all when the actes were reade, whiche declared that all the byshops assembled at Ephesus had subscribed vnto the depriuation of Flauianus and Eusebius, the most sage and worthie

Senators sayde as followeth. The nexte daye after when the councell aduised them selues* 5.4 somewhat better, we doe perceaue that they reasoned more exquisitly of the true and Ca∣tholicke fayth. VVherefore seeinge that Flauianus the byshop of worthye memorye, and Eu∣sebius the most reuerende byshop of Dorilaeum, were founde not to haue erred in the fayth af∣ter we had searched the actes and decrees of the councell, and also by the report of suche as were chiefe in the councell, and therefore vniustly to haue beene deposed (for they confes∣sed them selues fowlye deceaued, and wrongfully to haue depriued Flauianus and Eusebius) It seemeth good vnto vs, and no doubt God approueth the same, that Dioscorus the most reue∣rend byshop of Alexandria (if it so please our Lorde the Emperour) Iuuenalis the most reuerend byshop of Ierusalem, Thalassius the most reuerend byshop of Caesarea in Cappadocia, Eusebius the most reuerend byshop of Armenia, Eustathius the most reuerend byshop of Berytus, & Ba∣silius the most reuerende byshop of Seleucia in Isauria (who were then of autoritye and chiefe of the councell) shoulde be punished alyke, deposed of their byshoprickes, by the censure and iudgement of the councell as the canons of the Church doe require & be at the Emperours pleasure. When their sentence was reade the byshops of the East cryed: That iudgement is iust. Then the byshopes of Illyrium sayde wyth lowde voyces: VVe haue all done amisse, and there∣fore we all craue pardon. When the byshops of the Easte cryed agayne: That sentence is iust, Christ deposed the murtherer, Christ reuenged the martyrs, The Senators commaunded that euerye one of the byshopes then present shoulde wryte his fayth seuerallye: perswadinge them selues of a suretye that the moste holye Emperour beleeued accordinge vnto the forme of fayth publyshed at Nice by three hundred and eyghteene fathers, and agreeable vnto the creede framed at Constantinople, by a hundred and fiftye byshops, and no otherwise then the Epistles of the ho∣lye fathers: Gregorie, Basil, Hillarie, Athanasius, Ambrosius, and the two Epistles of Cyrill reade in the first councell of Ephesus haue directed him: and that Leo the most reuerende byshop of olde Rome, deposed Eutyches for the contrarye. After the breakinge vp of this session in suche sort as you heare, when the holy byshops had mette agayne and sate together, Eusebius byshop of Dorilae∣um exhibited vnto them bils of complaynt, both in his owne name and in the person of Flauianus, where he charged Dioscorus that he maintayned one heresie and opinion wyth Eutyches, and that he had deposed them of their priesthood. He added moreouer that Dioscorus had falsified the recordes by layinge downe certaine wordes which were not at all vttered in the councell then as∣sembled together: that through wiles and craft he had procured blanks for them to subscribe vn∣to. he made sute vnto them againe that all the actes and canons of the seconde councell helde at E∣phesus by their sentence and autority might be abrogated: that they would restore them vnto their priestly function: that they would accurse the detestable doctrine of Eutyches, and last of all he re∣quested that after the reading of the records, his aduersary might be brought before the councell. when this was graunted, Aetius the head notary stood vp and said that he had bene with Dioscorus as with the rest, and that Dioscorus had aunswered him, that his keepers would not licence him to come vnto the councell. It was saide moreouer that Dioscorus was sought for before the councell sate and could not be found, & that Anatolius byshop of Constantinople should aunswere he should both be warned, and come vnto the councell. This being done such as were sent vnto him returned saying from Dioscorus: My keepers wil not let me come, if they will licence me, let them speak. but when y^• messengers replied y^• they were sent not vnto the maisters of y^• ward, but vnto him, y^• report goeth he aunswered thus: I am redy to come vnto the holy & generall councel, but I am staid. Hi∣merius added vnto these sayings, howe at their returne frō Dioscorus, Bo••tius met by y^• way the ma••∣ster of y^• holy offices, & that byshops accōpanied him againe as he went vnto Dioscorus, and y^• they had brought with thē in paper some part of their conference, y^• which notes being read declared y^• Dioscorus made thē this aunswere: when that I ponder this matter with my selfe and perceaue how auaileable it is for me, take this aunswere: seeinge the most reuerende byshops which sit* 5.5 in the coūcell haue decreed many things after the often cōferences they had with seueral mē & that I now am called to the secōd sitting for to reuoke such things as were spokē of before, my request is, that the most reuerend byshops & holy Senate which were present at the first session be now also at the second, that the same things may now the secōd time be exquisitly handled. The records doe declare y^• Acacius replied vnto him againe in this sort. The holy & worthy coun∣cell* 5.6 hath not therefore commaunded your holines to come vnto them, to thend such thinges as were decided in the presence of the most reuerend byshops and holy senate, should be called in

agayne, but sent vs purposely vnto you that you shoulde come vnto the councell, and that your holynesse shoulde not be absent from them. Dioscorus sayde vnto him agayne as it is re∣corded:* 5.7 You tolde me alreadye that Eusebius gaue vp vnto the councell bills of complaynte, well I requeste you once agayne, that my cause may throughly be knowen and examined in presence of the presidents and senate. After the recitall of other thinges toe and froe, wyth o∣ther circumstances they sent againe vnto Dioscorus, requestinge him to be present at the councell, who wrote his aunswere in paper, afterwardes they returned and reade it thus before the coun∣cell. I signified of late vnto your holinesse that I was sicke, therefore I craue that the most worthye presidents and holy senate will be present at the handlinge and decidinge of causes, and because my sickenesse increaseth, therefore I differre my comminge. The recordes doe de∣clare that Cecropius hearinge that aunswere, sayde thus vnto Dioscorus: Why syr hitherto ye made no mention of sickenesse, and will ye nowe be sicke, ye shoulde haue satisfied the canons of the Churche. Dioscorus turned vnto him, I tolde you (sayth he) once alreadye that the presi∣dents shall be there for me. With this Russi••s byshop of Samosata sayde vnto Dioscorus: looke what so euer is called into controuersie, it is decided accordinge vnto the canons of the Churche, and therefore he that commeth vnto the councell may speake freely what pleaseth him. Diosco∣rus beinge therein perswaded, Iuuenalis, and Thalassius came thither. Eustathius bolted out suche thinges as were to no purpose, whereunto as it is recorded, Dioscorus made aunswere, and requested of the most religious Emperour that the presidents and suche as had geuen iudgement with him in the councell, shoulde be sent for thither. The messengers that were sent vnto him aun∣swered him againe, that Eusebius complayned vpon him alone, and that it needed not accordinge vnto his motion, to cite all to appeare. Dioscorus replyed that by right as many as were Iudges with him in the councell shoulde be present, that Eusebius had no priuate action against him, but onely an accusation agaynst suche thinges as they all had decided and iudged. When the Le∣gats vrged him with the same, Dioscorus aunswered: I tolde ye once what ye may trust toe, I knowe not what I shoulde tell you agayne. After the relation of the aforesayde, Eusebius by∣shop of Dorylaeum protested that he charged no man with ought saue Dioscorus alone, and reque∣sted that Dioscorus might be called the thirde time. Aetius interrupted him and sayde: that there came of late vnto the councell certaine men of Alexandria (as they named them selues) of the clergie, together with some of the laytie, and preferred bills of complaynt agaynst Dioscorus, and as they stoode at the Churche doores where the councell sate, there to haue made an excla∣mation: that first of all Theodorus Deacon of Alexandria, gaue vp vnto the councell a bill of in∣vitement, after him ••••chyrianus Deacon of the same churche, there followed him Athanasius the priest, Cyrills brothers sonne, and that last of all Sophronius charged him with blasphemy, bribery,* 5.8 and extortion. Dioscorus was called the thirde time, and came not, the Legats brought the councell his aunswere in these wordes. I haue aunswered your holmes so sufficiently already that I haue now no more to say vnto you. When the Legats dealt earnestly with him for to come, he would geue them no other aunswere. Then Pascasianns said: Dioscorus is now the thirde time cited to ap∣peare & comes not, no doubt his owne conscience doth accuse him, what deserueth he I praye you? all the byshops made aunswere that he incurred the daunger of the canons of the church. Proterius byshop of Smyrna saide: when holy Flauianus was slaine through his procurement, he was not punyshed accordinge to his deserts. Last of all the Legats of Leo Archebyshop of Rome, spake* 5.9 in the councell as followeth. The haynous offences whiche Dioscorus late byshop of the no∣ble citye of Alexandria, committed agaynst the canons of councells, and the Ecclesiasticall Discipline are throughly knowen of vs all, partly by siftinge out suche thinges as were hearde in the former session, and partly also by examininge suche thynges as we decyded this daye. And that we may omitt manye other thinges, this man of his owne autoritye con∣trarye to the canon of the Churche receaued Eutyches into the communion, an hereticke of the same opinion wyth him, and one that was iustly deposed by his owne proper byshop, to witt, the most holy father and our byshop Flauianus: and this he did before he shewed his face in the councell, whiche he helde with the most holy byshops at Ephesus. but the Aposto∣licke seae pardoned the byshops, because they were constrained against their wills to doe that whiche they did: who yeelded them selues vnto this present houre both to Leo the most holy byshop, and to the whole sacred and generall assembly of byshops, and therefore as men of one opinion wyth him he receaued them into the communion. As for this Dioscorus he

ceasseth not as yet to glorye of the thinges for the vvhiche he ought to mourne, lament and lye grouelinge vpon the grounde in sackcloth and ashes. Not onely this but also he forbadd the readinge of holy Pope Leo his Epistle written vnto Flauianus of godly memorye, yea beinge oft intreated of the Legats, nay when he him selfe had promised with an othe that he woulde procure it to be reade. The defaulte in not readinge of whiche Epistle hath beene both an offence and hindrance vnto the holye Churches vnder heauen. Although he was priueye to suche levvde practises, yet haue vve assembled together to thende vve might deale somewhat fauourably both with him for all his former levvdenesse, and also in lyke sort with the other godly byshopps whiche were not of equall autoritye with him in iudgement. But seeinge that his later misdemenure exceeded his former impierie, for he sticked not to excommuni∣cate Leo the most holye, and most religious Archebyshop of Rome, Moreouer when shame∣full bills were exhibited againste him, and he him selfe beinge cyted once, twise, and the thirde tyme as the canon of the Churche hath commaunded by the godly byshops to appeare be∣fore the councel, yet would he not come, for his owne conscience accused him, but entertayned contrarye vnto lawe suche as were iustly deposed by diuers councells, and sett at naught sun∣drye constitutions of the Churche, condemninge as it were him selfe with his owne doinges: Once againe seeinge these are founde to be his later practises, Leo the moste holye Arche∣byshop* 5.10 of greate and olde Rome, by vs, and this sacred assemblye together with the moste blessed Apostle Sainct Peter, who is the rocke, the grounde of the Catholicke Churche and the fundation of the true fayth, bereaued him of all dignitye that belongeth to a byshop, and depriued him of the priestly function. VVherefore let this holye councell geue the sen∣tence of Dioscorus (of whome we haue hytherto spoken) accordinge vnto the canons of the Churche. When Anatolius, Maximus, with the rest of the byshops (those onely excepted whome the Senators had deposed wyth Dioscorus) had confirmed the aforesayde sentence, the councell certified Martianus the Emperour of their decrees, and sent a depriuation vnto Dios∣corus* 5.11 in suche sort as followeth. Because thou hast despised the holye canons of the Churche: Because thou haste not obeyed this holye and generall councell: Because thou art moreo∣uer conuinced of manye other haynous crimes: Because thou beinge thrise called of this fa∣mous assemblye to aunswere vnto suche thinges as were layde vnto thy charge, camest not, knowe that for all the aforesayde, thou art deposed by this holye and generall coun∣cell the thirteenth daye of this present October, of thy byshopricke, and bereaued of all Ec∣clesiasticall right and title. These thynges beinge registred and sent also vnto the godlye by∣shops of the moste holye Churche of Alexandria, and the decree agaynste Dioscorus openly proclaimed, that session brake vp and so ended. But afterwards they sate againe, and first they aun∣swered the senators who had desired to be satisfied as touchinge the true and right faith: next they affirmed that there was nothinge to be done concerninge Eutyches, for the byshop of Rome had made a ••••nall end and conclusion thereof, and therein they were all agreed. moreouer when all the byshops seemed very willing, and the senators exhorted euery patriarch, that one or other of eue∣ry their seuerall prouinces shoulde stande vp to thende the opinions of them all might throughly be knowen, Florentius byshop of Sardis craued their fauour that with aduise, and after deliberation taken, they might attaine vnto the trueth, and Cecropius byshop of Sebastopolis saide. The faith is* 5.12 both notablye sett forth by three hundred and eyghteene holye fathers, confirmed afterwardes by the godlye fathers, Athanasius, Cyrill, Celestinus, Hilarius, Basil and Gregory, and nowe againe approued by moste holye Leo. VVherefore our requeste is, that the creede of the three hundred holye fathers and of the moste holye Leo may be reade. Beinge reade all the councell cryed: This is the fayth of the true professors, we are all of this fayth. This is the fayth of Pope Leo, this is the fayth of Cyrill, thus hath the Pope interpreted. Againe when they had reasoned amonge them selues for the readinge of the fayth which the hundred and fifty holye fathers publyshed in the councell helde at Constantinople, it was also reade. Then the whole councell cryed agayne. This is the fayth of the true professors, thus we doe all beleeue. After the finishinge of all the premises Aetius the Archedeacon sayde, I haue here at hande the Epistle of holye Cyrill, written vnto Nestorius, the whiche all the byshopes in the coun∣cell helde at Ephesus confyrmed wyth their seuerall subscriptions: I haue here also an o∣ther Epistle of the same Cyrill, written vnto Iohn byshope of Antioche, and confirmed lyke∣wyse, will it please you to geeue them the hearinge. When euerye one had spoken his pleasure

of them, they were both reade. we haue thought good presently to laye downe here some portion of the former, it was reade as followeth.

Ʋnto Nestorius the most reuerend and his most holy collegue Cyrill sendeth greetinge.

THere are as I am geuen to vnderstande certaine men whiche labour and that verye often* 6.1 altogether to discreditt me with your holinesse, this they doe specially when they see worthye men and magistrates oftentimes meetinge together, supposinge peraduenture that you will be pleased with the hearing of such thinges. Againe after a fewe lines he saith. The holy and famous councel affirmeth that he which is naturally begotten of God the father, is the onely begotten sonne, true God of true God, light of light, by whom the father made all things: that he came downe from heauen, that he was incarnate and made man: that he suffred, rose a∣gaine the third day & ascended into the heauens. It behoueth vs to yeelde and condescend vnto these articles, vnto this doctrine, and to search out with al the gifts we haue, what is ment by be∣ing incarnate, & what is vnderstood by saying that the worde of God became flesh. for we doe not say that the worde of God by chaunginge the nature thereof became flesh, neither by con∣uersion into wholl man which consisteth of body & soule: but this rather, that the worde accor∣ding vnto the subsistēcy or being therof, coupling vnto it selfe liuing flesh endued with a reaso∣nable soule, became man: in such sort as may neither be expressed in worde, neither conceaued by thought: & that he was called the sōne of man, not according vnto will onely, or in that it so pleased his goodnes, neither onely by taking vpon him the person, or because contrarie natures were coupled together in true vnitye: but that one Christ and one sonne consisted of two na∣tures: not that the difference of the natures was taken away by reason of the vnity, but that the diuinitye and humanitye after an vnspeakeable and secret couplinge and meetinge together made one Lorde, Christe, and the sonne. After the enterlacinge of certayne other thinges he annexed thereunto as followeth. Because he came of a woman and coupled mans nature vnto him selfe according vnto his subsistencie, and that for our sake, and for our saluation, therefore is he said to haue bene borne after the fleshe. for he was not first of all (after the common gene∣ration) borne of the virgine Mary, & then the worde of God entred into him. but was coupled with the flesh in the matrix, and is said to haue bene borne after the flesh, as one that made the birth of his flesh proper to him selfe. In like sort we say that he suffred, rose againe, not that God the word suffred in his owne nature either stripes, or the print of nayles, or other vexations, (for the godhead being without body is impatible) but that the body being made proper vnto him suffred, and so is he saide to haue suffred these thinges for our sakes. for there was in the bodye which suffred, that which coulde not suffer.

But so muche out of the first epistle. touchinge the second we layde downe a good part thereof in the first booke of our Ecclesiasticall historie which went before in the epistle of Iohn byshopp of Antioch. there is suche a protestation layde downe as followeth, and confirmed with the testimonie of Cyrill. VVe confesse that the holy virgine is* 6.2 the mother of God, because God the worde tooke fleshe and manhood of her, and coupled vn∣to him selfe by the conception, the temple which he tooke of her. Neyther are we ignorant that godly men inspired from aboue haue partly affirmed that the phrases which cōcerned the Lord and were laid downe by the Euangelists and Apostles were vttered of one person. and partly de∣uided them into seuerall portions, as written of two natures: and partly also confessed that they were diuine, and spoken onely of the diuinitye of Christe. Vnto this of Iohn, Cyrill addeth of his* 6.3 owne. VVhen we had perused these your godly sentences and clauses within contained and per∣ceaued plainely that you were of one minde and opinion with vs (for there is but one Lord, one fayth, one baptisme) we rēdred vnto god diuine praises, who is the cōseruer of the whol world: and presently we conceaue exceedinge ioy, seeinge that as well your Churches as ours beinge driuen thereunto, partly by the force and power of the holy scriptures, and partly also by tra∣dition deliuered vnto vs of our most holy fathers doe embrace one fayth and opinion. After the readinge of these Epistles, they that were in the councell cried in this sorte:: we are all of that fayth: Leo the Pope beleeueth so: cursed be he that deuydeth Christe, that confoundeth his natures: this is the fayth of Archebyshoppe Leo: thus beleeueth Leo, Leo and Anato∣lius are of this fayth. VVe are all of this fayth: Cyrill is of this fayth. Let Cyrill neuer be forgotten.

Let the epistles of Cyrill be euer had in memory. This is our opinion, thus we both haue beleued and doe beleue. Thus doth Archbishop Leo beleue, thus hath he wryttē. They reasoned a while whether the epistle of Leo should be read, in the ende they read it with the interpretation annexed thereunto, which is extant among the actes of the councell. When the reading was ended and the Byshops had cried, this is the faith of the fathers, this is the faith of the Apostles, we are all of this faith, the true professors are of this faith, cursed be he which beleueth not thus, Peter in the per∣son of Leo sayde thus: thus haue the Apostles taught, Leo hath godly and truely taughte these things, Cyrill hath taught thus, Leo and Cyrill haue taught alike, cursed be he which holdeth not this faith, this is the true faith, this is the opinion of the true professors, this is the faith of the fa∣thers. why vvere not these things read in the councell of Ephesus, what meant Dioscorus to con∣ceale these things. Whē the bishops had made an end of crieng in this sorte, y^• records of y^• councel do declare y^• when this parcel of Leo his epistle was read: It was to pay the ransome of our nature* 6.4 that the godheade was ioyned with the patible nature, to the end, one and the same mediator of God & man, the mā Christ Iesus (the which thing was fitly applied vnto our sores & maladies) might dye of the one nature & not of the other, whē this I say was read & the bishops of Illyriū & Palaestina had doubted of the sense and meaning of the words, Aetius Archdeacon of the most holy church of Cōstantinople alleadged openly y^• opinion of Cyrill out of his owne words as followeth. Because his proper b••dy through the goodnes of God as Saynct Paul wryteth tasted of death* 6.5 for vs all, therefore is he sayd to haue dyed for vs: not that he suffered death as toutching his na∣ture (for to say or thinke so is meere madnes) but that in such sorte as I sayd before his flesh ta∣sted of death. Againe out of the Epistle of Leo they read thus. Both natures accompanied toge∣ther doth that which is proper to either of them: the word bringeth to passe such things as be∣longe vnto the vvorde, the body vvorketh such thinges as appertaineth vnto the body, the one vvorketh miracles the other sustayneth reproches. Againe when the Byshops of Illyrium & Pa∣laestina doubted also of this sentence the same Aetius reade the words of Cyrill as followeth. Some* 6.6 phrases of holye Scripture whiche concerne the Lorde doe beste agree vvith his diuine nature, some other vvith his humane nature, and some other the middle betvvene both, affirming that the sonne of God is together both God and man. After all this when they doubted againe of an other parte of the aforesayd epistle of Leo the Byshop, which was read in this sorte, Although in* 6.7 very deede there is one person of God and man in the Lord Iesus Christ: yet there is one thinge vvherein either of them doth participate in contumely and an other thinge vvherein they both communicate in glory, It is of vs that his humanity, is inferiour to the father, & of the father it is that his diuinity is equall vvith the father, Theodoritus remēbred him selfe that Cyrill had wrytten* 6.8 the same thing almost in y^• same wordes. when he was made man, he laid not a side his propriety but continevved as he vvas: and the one nature dvvelled in the other that is the diuine nature in the humane. These things being expounded, when the worthy Senators had demaunded if any a∣mong them doubted any further, all made answere that they were fully resolued. After this Atti∣cus Byshop of Nicopolis requested they might all haue a day geuen them to deliberate, to the end they might with firme and settled mindes establishe such things as were pleasing vnto God and a∣greable with the doctrine of the fathers: he craued moreouer the epistle whiche Cyrill wrote vnto Nestorius wherein he had exhorted hym to yelde vnto the twelue poincts of the fayth that were cō∣firmed of all the Bishops. The Presidents conferred of this matter among thē selues & graunted them fiue dayes to deliberate, that then they should come togither with Anatolius bishop of Con∣stantinople, this being done they all agreed and sayd with one voice: vve beleue thus, vve all be∣leue thus, as Leo beleueth so beleue vve, there is not one of vs that doubteth, we haue all sub∣scribed. Vnto these things they replied againe in this sorte. It is not needefull that all should come togither, but in somuch it seemeth very expedient that such as wauer & are not as yet resolued may be confirmed, let the most reuerende Byshop Anatolius appoint whome he shall thinke good of thē that haue already subscribed to satisfie and confirme the rest. After this the councell sayd: we craue of the Fathers that the Presidents and chiefe of this councell doe entreate the Emperour and the Empresse for vs, we haue all done amisse, let vs be pardoned. The clergie of the Church of Con∣stantinople cried: fewe doe crie we heare not the wholl councell speake. Then the Byshops of the East lifted theyr voyces saying: let the Aegyptian be deposed. And when the Bishops of Illyrium requested the same, the clergy of Constantinople cried: let Dioscorus be banished, let the Aegyp∣tian be exiled, let the hereticke be sent avvay, Christ hath depriued Dioscorus. Againe the By∣shops

of Illyrium and such as were of theyr side, cried: vve haue all offended, we besech you pardō vs. Rid the councell of Dioscorus, avvay vvith Dioscorus out of the Churches. After they had tos∣sed these and other such like things to and fro, they rose vp. The next session followinge when the Senate had reasoned among them selues about the publishing of theyr actes and decrees, Constā∣tinus the secretary read out of a schrole as followeth. The next day after when the councell adui∣sed* 6.9 them selues somwhat better, we doe perceaue that they reasoned more exquisitly of the true and Catholicke faith. VVherefore seeing that Flauianus the Byshop of worthy memory & Eu∣sebius the most reuerend Bishop of Dorilaeum were founde not to haue erred in the fayth after we had searched the acts and decrees of the councel, & also by the reporte of such as were chief in the councell, and therefore vniustly to haue bene deposed (for they confessed them selues fouly deceaued, & wrongfully to haue depriued Flauianus and Eusebius) It seemeth good vnto vs & no doubt God approueth the same, that Dioscorus the most reuerend Bishop of Alexādria (if it so please our Lord the Emperour) Iuuenalis the most reuerend Bishop of Ierusalē, Thalas∣sius the most reuerend Bishop of Caesarea in Cappadocia, Eusebius the most reuerend Bishop of Armenia, Eustathius the most reuerēd Bishop of Berytus and Basilius the most reuerend Bishop of Seleucia in Isauria (who were then of autority and chiefe of the councel) should be punished alike, deposed of their Bishopricks by the censure & iudgement of the councel, as the canons of the church do require & be at the Emperours pleasure. After other things were read the byshops then present beinge demaunded whether the Epistles of Leo were agreable with the fayth of the three hundred & eighteene holy Fathers assembled of old at Nice in Bithynia, and with the Creed of the hundred and fifty fathers in the councell held at Constantinople? Anatolius Byshop of Cō∣stantinople* 6.10 with all the assembly made answere that the Epistle of Leo was no other thē the faith of the aforesayd Fathers and subscribed vnto it. Immediatly the councell cried: we are all con∣tent, we doe all allowe the same, we are all of one faith, we are all of one opinion, we doe all be leue so. Thus haue the Fathers which are present in the councell beleued, thus haue they subscri∣bed. God graunt the Emperour a long life, God graunt the Empresse a long life, God graūt the Fathers of the councell many yeres, God preserue the liues of such as are of one faith & opinion with the councell. VVe wish the Emperour many yeares, we wish them that hold with the coū∣cell many yeres, God send the Emperour to see many yeares. we haue subscribed vnto the faith, this is the opiniō of Leo, this is our opinion. Last of all they sayd. Cōcerning those things we haue sent vnto y^• most holy, & our most religious Lord the Emperour & nowe we wayt for his highnes answere. Againe when some told them in this sorte: your reuerence and wisedomes haue to render an accompt vnto God for Dioscorus, whome you haue deposed vnknowen vnto y^• Emperours most excellent maiesty, vnknowen vnto vs in like sorte, and for all the things you haue complayned of, & for the actes of this councell, they cried: God hath depriued Dioscorus, Dioscorus is iustly depo∣sed, Christ hath depriued Dioscorus. After all this when the Presidēts had brought forth Martia∣nus the Emperours answere where he had signified vnto them his pleasure toutching the bishops that were deposed, the Bishops requested and sayde: we pray you as many as be of one opinion, as many as hold with the councell, as many as subscribed in the councell vnto the Epistle of Leo, come into the councell, immediatly in they came, and downe they sate. The supplicatiōs which the Bishops of Aegypt had exhibited vnto Martianus the Emperour were read which besides sundry other things contayned in them as followeth. VVe beleue as the three hundred & eighteene Bi∣shops* 6.11 which met at the coūcel of Nice haue deliuered vnto vs, & we hold with the faith of holy Athanasius and holy Cyrill accursing euery heresie both of Arius, Eunomius, Manes, Nestorius, & of them which say that the flesh of our Lord came downe from heauen, & was not taken of the virgine Marie & mother of God which cōtinewed alwayes a virgine, & that the same is like vn∣to our flesh in all things, sinne only excepted. Then all y^t were in the councell cried: why haue not these men accursed the opinion of Eutyches? let them subscribe vnto the Epistle of Leo, and let thē accurse Eutyches with his heresie, let them condescend vnto the Epistle of Leo: peraduenture they goe about to deceaue & beguile vs. The Bishops of Aegypt made answere that theyr prouince had many Bishops, and that they would not take vpon them to answere for such as were absent: they requested of the councell to stay for theyr Archbishop, that according vnto theyr maner & custome they may vphold his censure and opinion. They sayd moreouer that if they would decide ought a∣fore theyr Metropolitane were elected, the bishops of Aegypt would make an insurrection against them. When they had oft intreated and the councell withstoode them, motion was made that the

Bishops of Aegypt should haue time vntill theyr Archbishop were chosen. Next the supplications of certaine Monks were brought forth, the summe whereof was y^t not one of thē would take penne in hand to subscribe before the generall assembly met which the Emperour had determined to call together, and before they vnderstoode theyr decrees. With the reading thereof Diogenes bishop of Cyzicum remebred that Barsumas was one of them which made an insurrection and murthered Flauianus & that he had cried, kill him. And nowe not hauing his name in the supplicatiō contrary to order, to haue presumed to come vnto the councell. All the Bishops cried at this, Barsumas hath peruered all Syria & raised against vs a thousand Monkes. When it was moued that as many as were there should waite the councells pleasure and decree, the Monkes required that theyr suppli∣cations might be read. The effect of them was that Dioscorus & the Bishops of his opinion might be present at the councell. All the councel was moued with this and cried: Let Dioscorus be accur∣sed,* 6.12 Christ hath deposed Dioscorus, out with these Monkes, remoue shame frō the councel, take away force and iniurie, let not these impious and levvde sayings come to the Emperours eares, let not the councell be discredited, away vvith infamy. The Monkes hearinge this cried of the contrary: take away contumely from the Monasteries. When the councel had the second time re∣peated the former exclamation, they consulted that the rest of the supplications were to be reade, where it was sayde that Dioscorus was iniuriously deposed and that it behoued them of necessitie seeing the controuersie toutching the fayth was to be decided, to haue his presence in the councel: & vnlesse they would doe this that they would shake of the dust from their feete and forsweare the cō∣muniō of the Bishops that were present. After they had made an end of speaking, Aetius the Arch∣deacon read them the canon that concerned such as deuided them selues from the Churche. Againe when the Monkes would not geue eare, neither be ruled by the most holy bishops, neither by y^t en∣treaty of Aetius the Archdeacon, when the one halfe of the councell woulde needes pronounce Ne∣storius and Eutyches accursed, and the other halfe withstoode them, the Presidents thought good y^• the supplication of F••ustus and the other Monkes should be read, where they craued of the Empe∣rour that the Mōkes which impugned the true faith and sincere doctrine should not be receaued a∣gaine, for why, Dorotheus the Monke, called Eutyches the true professor. Agaynste whome there were sundry poincts of Eutyches doctrine tossed to & fro and discussed in presence of the Princes. In the fift session the Senators commaunded them to set forth the decrees and canons of religion after the playnest sorte. Asclepiades Deacon of Constantinople read a certen canon the which they thought best not to be recorded, whereunto some gaue their consents & some other would not. when they had suppressed y^• contrary voices, the Senators affirmed vpon Dioscorus owne reporte, that he had deposed Flauianus for saying there were two natures in Christ, & that the decree bore witt∣nes that he cōsisted of two natures. Then replied Anatolius: Dioscorus was not deposed for heresie, but because he excommunicated Leo, and being thrise called vnto the councell would not come. Af∣ter this y^• Senators would haue the Epistle of Leo layd downe among the decrees, but the bishops sayd no, it should not be, they would not drawe any other forme, for that was perfect inough, in the end they referred that vnto the Emperour, who commaunded that three bishops of the East chur∣ches, three out of Pōtus, three out of Asia, three out of Thracia and three out of Illyrium together with Anatolius and the substitutes of the Bishop of Rome should meete at the Church and order∣ly reason of the fayth, that either they should lay downe theyr seuerall Creedes, or els knowe of a surety y^• he would call a councell to decide that controuersie in the West. Beinge demaunded whe∣ther they would hold with Dioscorus who affirmed y^• Christ consisted of two natures, or subscribe with Leo, who sayd that there were two natures in Christ? they cried that they beleued with Leo & held such as sayd y^• contrary for Eutychians. The Senators replied y^• Leo him selfe affirmed there were two natures so coupled in Christ, that they could be neither chaunged, diuided, nor confoun∣ded, with this saying they went into the temple of Euphemia accōpanied with Anatolius, the sub∣stituts of Leo, Maximus bishop of Antioch, Iuuenalis bishop of Ierusalem, Thalassius bishop of Cae¦sarea, in Cappadocia and many others. Being set, the canon of the councell was read: Our Lorde & Sauiour Iesus Christ &c. as we haue wrytten before. After it was read they cried: This is the faith of all the Fathers, we are all followers of this, we are all of this opinion, Then sayd the Se∣nators: the decrees and canons of the Fathers are to be referred vnto the Emperours most excel∣lent maiesty▪ Martianus the Emperour was present at the sixt session, made an oration of peace & vnity vnto the Bishopps, and commaunded Aetius Archdeacon of Constātinople to read in his hearing that which was decided, whereunto they subscribed euery one. Thē the Emperour asked

them whether the decree was established by their generall consent, they all the second time answe∣red, yea. Againe the Emperour made vnto them two orations which were highely commended of them all. In the end the canons by the meanes of the Emperour were confirmed, and the seae of Chalcedon was made an Archbishopricke: the Emperour moreouer commaunded the Bishops to continewe there three or foure dayes, and to propose before the Princes and Senators what euery one thought good to be decided, & that they should decree that which seemed expediēnt. Then the session brake vp. There were other decrees and other canons established, and there was an o∣ther councel held by Iuuenalis & Maximus where it was decreed that the bishop of Antioch should haue either of both Phaenicia and Arabia annexed vnto his prouince, & the Bishop of Ierusalem, all the three Palaestinas, the which after consultation had both by the Presidents and Bishops was confirmed. In the ninth session the cause of Theodoritus was heard who accursed Nestorius in these words: cursed be Nestorius & whosoeuer besides him denieth Marie the virgine to be the mo∣ther* 6.13 of God, and deuideth the one onely begotten sonne into two sonnes. I (sayth he) haue sub∣scribed vnto the canons of the councell, and the Epistle of Leo. After deliberation had amonge them selues, they restored him vnto his Bishoprick. In the tenth session the sute of Ibas was heard* 6.14 and the sentence which Photius Bishop of Tyrus and Eustathius Bishop of Berytus had pronoun∣ced against him was read, but the finall end was differed vnto the next day. In the eleuenth sessiō when many Bishops would haue him restored, diuerse Bishops were against it and sayd, that his accusers were at the dore and redy to come in. At lēgth they read what they had decreed toutching him. Yet the Senators moued the councell that the Actes of the councell held at Ephesus whiche concerned Ibas should be read, and that all the acts of the second councell of Ephesus shoulde be ab∣rogated, the creation of Maximus Bishop of Antioch onely excepted: they intreated therein the Emperour that nothinge whatsoeuer was decreed since the first councell of Ephesus where holye Cyrill Byshop of Alexandria was chiefe shoulde be of force and they gaue sentence that Maximus should enioy his Bishoprick. In an other session Basianus the Bishop of Ephesus matter was cal∣led, and decreed that Basianus should be remoued out of his Bishopricke, and Stephan placed in his* 6.15 rowme. In the thirteenth session Eunomius Bishop of Nicomedia and Anastasius Bishop of Ni∣ce were called, for they contended among them selues about their cities. The foureteeneth session was helde for the hearinge of Basianus. Last of all it was decreed that the seae of Constantinople should enioy the next prerogatiue after Rome.

The ende of the seconde booke of Euagrius Scholasticus.

Notes

• * 1.1

  Eustathius epist. ad Ioh.
• * 1.2

  What iniury was this vn∣to the deade corps? It is better for the faith∣full Christian to become partaker of the blood of Christ which redeemed him from death and damnation.
• * 2.1

  The suppli∣cation o•• Eu¦sebius by∣shop of Do∣rylaeum ex∣hibited vnto valentinian{us} and Martia∣nus the em∣perours.
• * 2.2

  The censure of the sena∣tors in the councell of Chalcedon.
• * 2.3

  The sentēce which Pasca sianus, Lu∣centius and Boniface (substitutes of Leo b. of Rome) gaue of Diosco∣rus.
• * 2.4

  The actes & decrees of the councell held at Chal¦cedon.
• * 2.5

  Against Ne∣storius.
• * 2.6

  Against Eu∣tyches.
• * 2.7

  The Nicene creed is confirmed. Against Ma∣cedonius o∣pinion the creede of the councel held at Constanti nople is ra∣tified.
• * 2.8

  The synodi∣call epistles of Cyrill approued.
• * 2.9

  The epistle of Leo vnto Flauianus allowed.
• * 2.10

  The creede of the coun¦cel helde at Chalcedon.
• * 2.11

  Constantino¦ple the secōd patriarchship
• * 2.12

  Proterius b. of Alexan∣dria.
• * 2.13

  A lamenta∣ble sedition at Alexan∣dria about the election of a byshop▪
• * 2.14

  The Mon•…•… inhabitinge the deserts bordering vpon Ierusa∣lem were ••••∣reticks &c ••∣demned t•…•… councell 〈…〉〈…〉 Chalcedo••
• * 2.15

  The behaui∣our of The∣odosius a ••o∣ging monke.
• * 2.16

  The Aequi∣uocall ••allacy of the deuell lay in those two sylables 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉 & 〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉〈 in non-Latin alphabet 〉.
• * 2.17

  scarsitie of ••ine. ••amine. estilence. welling. ••s••ammatiō coughe.
• * 2.18

  ••••ntinia∣Emperour Rome was ••ne.
• * 2.19

  Rome was taken by Genzerichus king of the Vandall••.
• * 2.20

  Maximus. Auitus. Maiorinus. Seuerus. Anno. 458.
• * 2.21

  Martianus the Empe∣rour dyed Anno Dom. 458.
• * 2.22

  Timotheus Aelurus b. of Alexandria.
• * 2.23

  The lamen∣table death of Proterius the godly archbyshop of Alexan∣dria.
• * 3.1

  Rom. 12.
• * 4.1

  Symeon. Baradatus. Iames.
• * 4.2

  Leo b. of Rome.
• * 4.3

  Timotheus ••lu••us the be••et••••••ll byshopp of Alexandria.
• * 4.4

  Amphilo∣chius b. of Sida.
• * 4.5

  The epistle of Symeon that dwell•••• in a p••l•••••••• vnto Basilius Archbishop of An••••o••h.
• * 4.6

  Timotheus Aelurus. Timotheus Salofaciolus. Anatolius. Gennadius. Acacius.
• * 4.7

  Anno Dom. 159.
• * 4.8

  Anthemius.
• * 4.9

  Olymbrius. Glycerius. Nepos. Orestes. Romulus Au¦gustulus, Odoacer.
• * 4.10

  Anno Dom. 475.
• * 4.11

  The transla∣tor vnto the reader.
• * 5.1

  The suppli∣cation of Eu¦sebius by∣shop of Do∣rilaeum ex∣hibited vnto valentinian{us} and Martia∣nus the em∣perours.
• * 5.2

  The heresie of Eutyches.
• * 5.3

  The byshops of the East cryed thus a∣gainst Dios∣corus.
• * 5.4

  The senators gaue their sentence in these words. where it ap∣peareth that laye men were of great autoritie in the councels.
• * 5.5

  The sleeu•• lesse aunsw•••• of Dioscor••
• * 5.6

  Acacius.
• * 5.7

  Dioscorus.
• * 5.8

  The conditi∣ons of Dios∣corus.
• * 5.9

  The subs••••∣•••••••• of Leo of Rome ••aue this ••••ence a∣••••st Dios∣••rus in the ••••unc••ll of ••halcedon.
• * 5.10

  S. Paul sayth that Christ is the rocke & fundation to buylde vpon. 1. Cor. 3. & 10.
• * 5.11

  The depriua¦tion of Dios∣corus arche∣byshopp of Alexandria.
• * 5.12

  Cecropius.
• * 6.1

  Cyrill arche∣byshop of Alexandria vnto Nesto∣rius archeby¦shop of Con¦stantinople and an here¦ticke.
• * 6.2

  The wordes of Iohn b. of Antioch.
• * 6.3

  Cyrill vnto Iohn b. of Antioch.
• * 6.4

  The wordes of Leo b. of Rome.
• * 6.5

  The wordes of Cyrill. Heb. 2. Leo.
• * 6.6

  Cyrill.
• * 6.7

  Leo.
• * 6.8

  Cyrill.
• * 6.9

  The sentēce of the Sena∣tors is layde downe by E∣ua••rius nowe the thirde time.
• * 6.10

  The Epistle of Leo is cō∣••irmed.
• * 6.11

  •• Bishops Aegypt.
• * 6.12

  A company of cocke∣braine and hereticall Monks would be ru¦led neither by Bishops nor by coun¦cell.
• * 6.13

  Theodoritus
• * 6.14

  Ibas.
• * 6.15

  Basianus.