Here begynneth a shorte and abreue table on the Cronycles ...

¶Anno dm̄ .M.lxvi. ¶How wyllyam Bastarde duke of Norman¦dy came in to Englonde / & slewe kyng Harolde ¶Here come Nor∣mans and ex¦pulsyd Harolde a Saxon.

[ Wilhelm{us} cōq̄]

[illustration]

[illustration]

ANnd whā this bataylle was done. Harolde be ca∣me so proude / & wolde no thynge parte with his people of the thyn∣ge that he had goten / but helde it all to hym self. wherfore the mo∣ost parte of his people were wrothe and fro∣me hym departed / soo that oonly with hym a∣bode no moo but his soldyurs. And vpon a daye as he sate atte meete / a messager came to hym and sayde / that wyllyam bastarde the duke of Normandy was arryued in Englon∣de with a greate hoste / & had take all the londe about Hastynge / & also myned the castell. whā the kynge had herde this tydynges / he wente thyther with a lytell power in all the hast that he myght for there but fewe people wyth hym lefte. And whan he was come thyder / he ordey¦ned to yeue batayll to duke wyllyam. But the duke axed him of these thre thynges / yf that he wolde haue his doughter to wyf as he made & swore his othe & behyght / or that he wolde hol¦de the londe of hym in truage / or he wolde de∣termyne thys thynge in batayll. This Harol∣de was a proude man & a stronge and trusted wonder moche vpon his strength and faught with duke wyllyam and with his people. But Harolde & his men in this batayll were dyscō∣fyted / & hymselfe there was slayne / and thys batayll was ended at Tombryge in the secon¦de yere of his regne / vpon sanyt Calixt{us} daye / and so he was buryed at waltham.

¶Of kynge william bastarde & how he go¦uerned hym well & wysely / & of the grete war∣re bytwene hym and the kynge of Fraunce.

AS willi••m Bastarde duke of Normā¦dy had conquered all the londe / vpon Crystmasse daye then nexte lete crowne hym kynge at westmestre and as a worthy kyng ya¦ue vnto Englyshmen largely londes / & to hys knyghtes And after warde he wene hym ouer the see & came ī to Normandy / & there he dwel¦led a whyle. And in the seconde yere of his reg¦ne he came ayen in to Englonde / and brought with hym Maude his wyf & lette crowne her quene of Englonde oon wytsondaye. ¶And tho anone after the kynge of Scotlonde / thoe was called Malcolin began to stryue & warre with the kyng wylyam. And he ordeined hym towarde Scotlonde with his men both by lō∣de and by see / for to destroye kynge Malcolin But they were accorded / & the kynge of Scot¦londe became hys man / and helde all hys lon∣de of hym. And kynge wyllyam receyued of hym is homage and came ayen in to Englon¦de. And as kynge wyllyam hadde be kynge .xvii. yere. Maude the quene deyed / on whom kynge wyllyam hadde begote many fayr chyl∣dern / that is for to saye. Robert Curthos wyll¦lyam Rous Richarde also that deyed. Henry· Beauclerke / and Maude also that was the er¦les wyf of Bleynes / and other foure fayr dou¦ghters. ¶And after his wyues deth / grete de¦bate began betwixt hym & the kynge of Fraun¦ce Philyp but at the laste they were accorded And tho dwelled y^e kynge of Englonde in Nor¦mandy / & no man hym warned / & he no man longe tyme. ¶And the kynge of Fraunce say¦de vppon a daye in scorne of kynge wyllyam had longe tyme lyen in chylde bedde / and lōge tyme had rested hym there. And this worde ca¦me to the kynge of Englonde there that he dy∣de lye in Normandye at Rome. And for thys worde was tho euylle apayed / & also wonder wrathe towarde the kynge of Fraunce. And swore by god / that whā he were arysyn of his sykenesse / he wolde lyghten a thousande con∣delles to the kynge of Fraūce / & anone lete as∣semble a grete host of Normandy & of Englys∣she men. And in the begynnynge of the Her∣uest he came in to Fraunce / and brente all the townes that they came by thrugh the coūtree and robbed & dyde all y^e sorowe that he myght thrugh out all Fraunce. And at y^e last he bren∣ned the cyte of Mandos / and cōmaunded his people to bere wood / & as moche as he myght brenne. And hym self halpe ther to all y^e he my∣ghte with good wyll. And there was a greate hete / what of the fyre what was so grete / & of the sonne that it was wōdder hote / that it stuf¦fed hym so y^t he became & fell in to a grete dyse¦ase & sykenesse And whan he sawe y^t he was so stronge syke / he ordeyned & assgned alle Nor∣mandye to Robert Curthos his sone / & all en∣glonde to wyllyam the Rous / and bequone to Henry Beaclerke al his treasour. And whan he thus had done / he receyued all the sacramē¦t{is} of holy chyrche / and deyed y^e .xx. yere of his regne \ and lyeth at Cane in Normandy.

¶Anno dm̄ .M.lxvi.

GRegorius the .vii. was pope after Alex∣ander .xii. yere / this man ordeyned in a generall Synodus / that no preest sholde ha∣ue a wyf ne sholde dwelle with wymmen / but tho that the holy Synodus of Micena and o∣ther decrees had suffred. And then̄e the preest{is} sette nought or lytell pondred hys ordynaun∣ce. This pope cōmaunded that no man shol∣de here masse of a preest that had a concubyne And he on acertayne tyme whan he was Car∣dynall and Legate in to Fraunce / proceded sharpely ayenst prelates and / that were symo∣mers. And amonge other was one bysshoppe there that was gretely famed with symonye. And those that accused hym / pryuely hyered them to saye the countraye. The whiche the Legate conceyued / and afor•• all the people he sayde. Lete the Iugement of this men cesse at this tyme / for it is dysceyuable / and lette god dyspose for it. And sayde / thus it is certayne. That the dygnyte of a bysshop is the yeuer of the holy ghost. And whosomeuer byeth a bys∣shopryche / doth ayenst the holy ghost. Then̄e yf thou bysshop dyde not ayenst the holy ghost saye openly afore all the people (Glori•• petri et filio et speritui sancto) And many tymes he beganne to saye it / but he coude neuer speke (spiritui sancto) Thenne he was deposyd of his bysshopryche / and after he coude speke it wyll ynoughe. ¶Victor the thyrde was pope after hym oo yere / & this man was poysoned with venym in the chaly••. ¶Vrbanus was pope after hym two yere. This man cursyd y^e kynge of Fraunce for his adu••••••erys. And he

called a counseyll at Claurum in the whyche he ordeyned / that matyns of our lady shold be sayd euery daye / and on Saterday her solem¦pne masse. And it is sayde / that this was she∣wed vnto y^e freres of Cartusis. ¶Also he cal¦led an other counseyll att Turan for the holy londe to be wonne ayē / and pryuoked the peo¦ple to that matere / and within a lytell tyme af∣ter that matere / the holy londe was recouered and the sepulcre of our lorde / and Anthioche with many other cytees taken fro the Sarra∣syns. And it is sayd and byleued that .CC.M. crysten men wente to that Iourny For there wente of states olde men and yonge / and also ryche and poore / and noo man compelled the∣ym. And this passage was made by the vysy∣on of our lady. And the prynces of thys peaple were dyuerse One was Godfroy de Boloynt a full noble man of all the worlde / and a ver∣tuous man / and an other was Beemonde the Duke of Neaples. And y^e thyrde was Hughe the kynges brother of Fraunce / and many o∣ther / the whyche / dyde full nobly for the fayth of god. ¶And it were to longe in this boke to reherce the gloryous actes that they dyde. ¶Of kynge wyllyam Rous that was kynge williams bastardes sone y^e destroyed townes / & houses of Relygyon for to make y^e newe forest.

ANd after thys wyllyam bastarde reg∣ned his sonne wyllyam the Rous.

¶And thys wyllyam was a wonder contra∣ryous man to god and holy chyrche / and lete amēde & make the towne of Cardies / that the Paynems had destroyed. Thys kynge wyll¦yam destroyed holy chirche & theyr possessions in what parte he myght them fynde. And theyr fore there was so moche debate bytwene hym and the Archebyssop of Caunterbury Ancel∣mus. For by cause that he repreuyd hym of hys wyckednesse / that he destroyed holy chyr∣che. And for that cause the kynge bare to hym grete wrath. And so he exyled hym out of thys londe / & the Archebysshop went to the courte of Rome / & there dwelled with the pope / And this kynge made the newe forest / & caste dow¦ne & destroyed .xxvi. townes. & .lxxx. houses of Relygyon / all for to make his forest lenger and broder· And became wonder gladde & proude of his wood & of his forest. And nourysshed y^e wylde beestes y^t were within / that it was mer∣uayle for to wyte / so that men called hym ke∣per of wodes & of pastures. And the more len¦ger that he lyued / the more wycked he became both to god & to all holy chyrche & to all his mē ¶And this kynge lete make the grete halle of westmestre. So vpon a daye in the wytsonty¦de he helde therin his fyrste feest / and he loked hym aboute & sayd / that the halle was to lytell by the half deale. And at the laste he became so contraryous / that al thynge y^t pleased god dys¦pleased hym / & all thynge that god loued / he ha¦ted deedly. ¶And so it befell that he dremyd vpon a nyght a lytell or that he deyed / that he was lete blood / and bledde a grete quantyte of blood / & a streme of blood lepte on hygh to war¦de heuen more than a hondred fadom and the clerenesse of the daye was torned vnto nyghte and derkenesse of the fyrmamente also ¶And whan that he a woke he hadde grete drede soo that he not wyst what for to do. And tolde his dreme to men of his counseyll and sayde that he had grete drede / and supposyd that to hym was some myscaunce to come. ¶And the se∣conde nyght before a monke dremyd of y^e hou∣sholde / that the kynge wente in to a chyrche wyth moche people / & he was so prowde that he dyspysed all the people that were with hym & that he toke y^e ymage of the Crucefire & sha∣mefully bote it with his teeth. And the Cruce¦fixe mekely suffred all that he dyde. But yer y•• kyng and as a wood man rente of the armes of the Crucefixe / & caste it vnder his feet / and defoylled it / and threwe it alle a brode / And •• grete fyre came out of the Crucefixe mouthe. Of whiche dreme many a man had grete mer¦uaylle and wonder. ¶The good mā that had dremyd this straunge dreme / tolde it to a kny∣ghte that was moost pryue wyth the kynge of all men / & the knyght was called Hamondes ¶Soone the mōke and he tolde the dremes to the kyng & sayd. That it sholde betoken other thynge than good / And neuertheles the kyng laughed ther at twyes or thryes / and lytell se••∣te therby / & thought that he wolde go & hunte / and playe in the forest. And men counseylled hym y^e he shold not go y^e day for no maner thin¦ge ne come in the wood / so that he abode at ho∣me before meete / But oonly as he had eten no man hym myght lette / but he wolde go vn¦to the wood for to haue his dysporce. ¶And so it befell that one of his knyghtes that hyght walter Tyrell / wold haue shot to a harre / and

hys arowe glensyd vpon a braunche / & thoru∣ghe mysauenture smote the kynge to the herte And so he felle downe deed to the groūde with out ony worde spekynge / and so ended hys lyf dayes. And it was no meruaylle / for the day y^t he deyde he had lete to ferme the Archebisshop ryche of Caūterbury / & xabbayes also / & euer more dyde grete destruccyon to holy chyrche / thrugh wrongfull takynge & axenges / for no man durste withstande that he wolde haue do¦ne. And of his lewdenes he wolde neuer with¦drawe / nother to amende hys lyf. And ther fo∣re god wolde suffer hym no lenger to regne in his wyckednes. And he had be kyng .xiii. yere and .vi. wekes / and lyeth at westmestre.

¶Anno dm̄ .M.lxxxviii.

PAschall was pope after Vrban{us} .xviii. yere and .v. monethes / the wiche y^e .xiii. ye••e of his bysshopryche with his cardynalles was put in pryson / by Henry y^e fourth Empe¦rour & they myght not be delyuered vntyll the pope had swore that he sholde kepe peas with hym / and that he sholde neuer curse hym / and on that promyse / the pope yaue the Emperour a preuylege / and the yere after the pope dam∣ned that preuylege / & sayd on this wyse. Lete vs comprehende all holy scrypture the olde te¦stament & the newe the lawes of the prophecy∣es the gospell & the canons of appostles / & all the decres of the popes of Rome / that all they helde I holde / and that that they dampned •• dampne / and moost specya••le that preuy∣lege graunted to Henry the Emperour / the whiche rather is graūted to venge his malyce than to multeplye hes paceyence in vertue. For euermore I dampne y^e same preuylege

¶Of kynge Henry Beauclerk that was william Rous brother / & of the debate bytwe¦ne hym & Robert Curthos his brother.

ANd whan wyllyam Rous was deed. Henry Beauclerk his broder was ma¦de kyng bycause wyllyam Rous had no chyl¦de begoten on his body. And this Henry Be∣auclerk was crowned kynge att London the fourth daye after that his brother was deces∣syd / that is to saye / the fyfthe daye of August. ¶And anone as ancelmus that was Arche∣bysshop of Caūterbury that was at the court of Rome herde telle that wyllyam Rous was deed / he came ayen in to Englonde & the kyn¦ge Beauclerk welcomed hym with moche o∣nour. And the fyrst yere that kyng Henry reg¦ned & was crowned. He spowsed maude y^e was Margaretes doughter the quene of Scotlon∣de. And the Archebysshop Ancelmus of Caun∣terbury wedded theme And this kynge begate vpon his wyf two sones & a doughter / that is to saye. wyllyam and Richarde & Maude. And this Maude was after warde the Empresse of Almayne. ¶And in the seconde yere of hys regne / his broder Robert Curthos / that was duke of Normandy came with an huge hoste in to Englond for to chalenge the londe. But thrughe counseyle of wyse men of the londe / they were accorded in this manere. That the kynge sholde yeue his brother the duke a thou∣sande pounde euery yere. And whiche of them that lyued lengest sholde be that others heyre and so bytwene them sholde be noo debate ne stryfe. ¶And thenne whan they were thus ac∣corded / y^e duke wente home agayne in to Nor¦mandye· ¶And whanne the kynge had reg¦ned foure yere. There a rose a grete debate by¦twene hym and the Archebysshop of Caunter¦bury Ancelmus. For by cause that the Arche¦bysshoh wolde not graunte to hym for calēges of chyrches at hys wyll. And the reforde per∣sonse the Archebysshoppe Ancelmus wente o¦uer the see vnto the courte of Rome and there he dwelled with the pope. And in the same ye¦re the duke of Normandy came in to Englon∣de to speke with hys brether. ¶And amonge all other thynges the duke of Normandye. for yaue vnto the kynge hys brother the forsayde thousande pounde by yere that sholde paye vn¦to the duke. ¶And with good loue the kynge and the duke departed / & there the duke went ayen in to Normundy. And whan tho two ye¦re were agone / Thrugh the entycement of the deuyl and of symple mē / a greate debate arose bytwene the kynge and y^e duke / so that thrugh counseyll the kynge wente ouer the see in to Normandy / and whan the kynge of Englon¦de was come in to Normandy / all the grete lor¦des of Normandye torned vnto the kynge of Englonde and helde ayenst the duke theyr ow¦ne lorde / and hym forsoke / and to the kynge them helde / and all the good castelles and tow¦nes of Normandy. And soone after was the duke taken and ladde with the kynge in to En¦glonde. And the kynge lette put the duke in to pryson / and this was the vengeaun••e of god.

¶For whanne the duke was in the holy lon¦de god yaue hym suche myghte and grace that he was chosen for to haue be kynge of Iheru∣salem / and he forsoke it and wolde not take it vpon hym / And therfore god sente hym that shame and dyspyte for to put in hys brothers pryson / Tho seased kyng Hery all Norman∣dye in to hys honde / and helde it all hys lyfe ty¦me. ¶And in the same yere came the bysshop Ancelmus for the courte of Rome in to Eng∣londe ayen. And the kynge and he were accor¦ded. ¶And in the nexte yere comynge after / there began a grete debare bytwene the kynge Phylyppe of Fraunce and kynge Henry of Englende / wherfore kynge Henry wente in to Normandye / and there was stronge war¦re bytwene them two. And tho deye•• the kyn¦ge of Fraūce & lowys his sone was mad kyng anone after his deth. And tho went kyng Hen¦ry ayen into Englond / & maryed Maude his doughter vnto henry y^e em{per}our of Almayne.

¶Of the debate that was betwixt kyn¦ge Lowys of Fraūce & kynge Hery of Eenglonde / & how kynhe Henryes two snes were loste in the hyghe se••.

AS kynge Henry had be kynge .xvii. ye∣re / a grete debate arose betwixt kynge Lowys of Fraunce and kynge Henry of Eng¦londe / for by cause that the kynge had sente in to Normandy to hys men / that they sholde be helpynge vnto therle of Bloys as moche as they myght in warre ayenst the kyng of Fraū¦ce / And that they sholde be as redy to hy•• as they were to theyr owne lord / for by cause that therle hadde spowsed hys syster dame maude. And for this cause the kynge of Fraunce dyde moche sorowe to Normandy. wherfore y^e kyn¦ge of Englonde was wonder wroth / & in hast wen••e ouer the see with a grete power / & came in to Normādye for to defende that londe And the warre bytwene them lasted two yere / tyll at the laste they two faught to geder. And the kynge of Fraunce was dyscomfyted / & vnne∣thes escaped awaye wyth moche payne / & the moost partye of his men were taken. And the kynge dyde with theym what hym best lyked / And some of them he lette go freely / and some he lete be put vnto the deth. But afterwarde those two kynges were accorded. And whan kynge Henry had oonly all the londe of Nor∣mandy / & dyscōfyted his enmyes of Fraunce / he torned agayne in to Englonde with mochē honour. And his two sones wyllyam and Ri¦charde wolde haue come after the fader & wen¦te to the see with a grete company of people. But are that they myghte come to londe / the shippe came ayenst a roche and alle were drow¦ned that were there in / saue oo man that was in y^e same shyppe that escaped. And this was vpon saynt Katheryns daye / and these were y^e names of them that were drowned. Wyllyam and Richarde the kynges sones / the Erle of Chestre Ottonell / his brotger Geffroy Rydell Walter Emurci. Godefray Archedeken / the kynges doughter / the coūtesse of Perches the kynges nece the countesse of Chestre / & many other. ¶Whan kynge Henry and other lor∣des arryued in Englonde / and herde these ty¦dynges / they made sorowe ynough / And alle theyr myrthe and Ioye was torned in to mor∣nynge and sorowe.

¶How Maude the Empresse came ayen in Englonde / & how she afterwarde wed∣ded to Geffroy therle of Angoy.

ANd whan that two yere were agone y^t the Erle had dwelled wyth the kynge / the erle went from the kyng / and begā to war∣re vpon hym & dyd moche harme in the londe of Normandy / & toke there a stronge castell & there he dwelled all that yere. And tho came to hym tydynges y^t Henry the Emperour of Al∣mayne y^t had spowsed Maude hys doughter was deed / and that she dwelled no lenger in Al¦mayne / & y^t she wold come ayen in to Norman¦dy to her fader And whā that she was come vn¦to hym / he toke her tho to hym & came ayen in to Englonde / & made the Englysshemen to do othe and feaute to the Empresse And the fyrste man that made the othe was wyllyam y^e Arche¦bysshop of Caūterbury And that other Dauid kyng of Scotlōde / and after hym all y^e barons and erles of Englonde. ¶Also after that y^e no¦ble man therle of Angoy y^t was a worthy kny¦ghte / sent vnto y^e kynge of Englōde / y^t he wol¦de graūt hym for to haue his doughter to spow¦se / that is to saye Maude the Empresse. And for by cause y^t her fader wyst that he was a no∣ble man / the kynge hym graunted & consented ther to. And tho tooke he his doughter & ladde hir in to Normandy / & came to the noble kny∣ghte Geffroy / & there he spowsed the forsayde Maude wyth moche honour / & the Erle beg••¦te

vpon her a sone / y^t was called Henry y^e Em¦presse sone. ¶And after whan al this was do¦ne / kynge Henry dwelled all that yere in Nor¦mandy. & after y^e lōge tyme a greuous sykenes¦se toke him where thorugh he deyed. And this kyng Henry regned .xxxv. yere & foure mone∣thes. And after deyed as is before sayd in Nor¦mandy. And his herte was enteryd in y^e grete chirche of our lady in Rouen. & his body was brought with moche honour in to Englonde & enteryd at Redynge in the abboye / of y^e why¦che abbaye he was begynner and founder.

HEnrycus the fourth was Emperour in Almayne after Harry the thyrde .xv. ye¦re. This man put his owne fader in pryson / & there helde hym tyll he deyed. And tooke pope Paschall wyth hys Cardynalles / & presente them as it is sayd afore. For the whiche cau∣se as it is supposed he lacked yssue. For he wed¦ded the kynges doughter of Englonde Mau∣de. But after warde he came to grace / and all the lawes of y^e chirche freely he resyned to Ca¦lixtus y^e pope. And besought hym to yeue hym in penaūce that he sholde neuer come ayen to his Empyre / that he myghte haue remyssyon of his trespaas. And after y^e oppynyon of ma¦ny a man / he was wylfully exyled and deyed and hys wyfe bothe at Chestre in Englonde. ¶Gelasius was pope after Paschall two ye∣re. And fledde frome Henry the Emperour in to Bourgoyne and there decessyd. Thys Em¦perour those Benedyctus a Spanyarde to be pope / the whiche stroue with Calixtus. ¶Ca¦lixtus was pope after hym two yere and fyue monethes. Thys Calixtus was the sone of the duke of Bourgoyne & was chosen in the place of Gelasius / And whan he sholde come to Ro¦me / he toke the for sayd Benedictus / and ma∣de hym to ryde afore hym shamefully. For he on a mule torned hys face to the tayle of y^e mu∣le / & helde the tayle in hys honde as a brydell / tyll he came thrugh the cyte / and there he was put in pryson. And this pope made peas wyth the Emperour. ¶Honorius was pope after hym two yere / and lytell of hym is wryten. ¶Nota. ¶Hary the fourth Emperour of Almayne decessyd thys tyme and was buryed with his progenytours / after some men wyth suche an Epytaphe (Filius hic: pater hic Auus hic: proauus iacet istis) ¶But it is ly∣kely to be truer that y^e Geralde sayd (in Itine¦rario walke) wherfore he sayth / that after he had prysoned his carnall fader / & hys sperytu¦ell fader the pope with his Cardynalles / after he was reconsyled & wylfully he was exyled. And he lefte Maude his wyf the kynges dou∣ghter of Englonde pryuely / and lyued an he∣remytes lyf at Chestre .x. yere where he myght lyue as noo man knewe hym. And he called hymselfe Godyscallus / the whyche Godysson is called. So the Emperour secretely went a∣waye / & Maude hys wyf the Empresse there / she went vnto her fader Henry in to Norman∣dy. where anone after she was wedded vnto Geffroy Plantaginet the duke of Andegame vpon whom he begate Henry the seconde af∣terwarde kynge of Englonde. Vnder whom saynt Thomas of Caunterbury regned & dey¦ed ¶Lotharius was Emperour aftey Henry the fourth .xii. yere / And lytell of hym is wry∣tem / but that he was manerely to the chyrche. And that he subdued Roger the vsurper of the kynge of Cycyle. ¶Hugo de sancto Victory was a noble man this tyme atte Parys / and a noble doctour / of the nacyon of Saxons. ¶The ordre of saynt Iohan Baptyst at Ihe∣rusalem began thys tyme / by the worshypfull man Reymonde myghtely dysposed vnto the we••ke of mercy. ¶All this ordre make theyr waye to serue poore men.

¶Anno dm̄ .M.C.xxxiiii.

INnocencius was pope after Honorius xiiii. yere. and .vii· monethes. This mā was a very deuoute mā / and wyth suche men he accompanyed hym and he had stryf ayenst▪ Perys of Lyon the whiche named hym Ano∣cletus. And by strenth he tooke the popehede. The whiche Innocēcius sawe / and with two Galeys he fledde in to Fraūce / & was worshyp fully receyued of saynt Bernarde the whiche that tyme had alle the kynges and prynces in his honde. And he prouoked them for to bryn¦ge this pope Innocencius in to dygnyte ayen. And at the last all thynge was sessyd / and hys enmyes were destroyed thrugh the Iugement of god. And he was pope ayen / & lyued prouf∣fytably / & was buryed at Latranence·

¶How Stephen y^t was kyng Henryes sys¦ters sone / was made kynge of Englonde.

AFter thys kynge Henry that was the fyrste / was made kynge his neuewes syster sone. Stephen erle of Bolonye. For a∣none

as he herde the tydynges of hys vncles deth / thēne he passed the see and came in to En¦glonde thrught counseyll & strength of many grete lordes in Englonde / ayenst the othe that they had made to Maude the Empresse / toke the reame / & he lete crowne Stephen kyng of the londe. ¶And the Archebysshop wyllyam of Caunterbury / that fyrste made the othe of feaute to Maude the Empresse / sette the crow¦ne vpon Stephens heed and hym anoynetd. And bysshop roger of Salysbury mayntened the kynges parte in as moche as he myghte. ¶The fyrste yere y^e kynge Stephen began to regne / he assembled a grete hoste and went to warre Scotlonde / for to haue warred vppon the kynge of Scotlonde. But he came ayenst hym in peas and in good manere and to hym trusted. But he made to hym none homage / for as moche as he had made vnto thempresse Maude. ¶And in the fourth yere of his regne Maude the Empresse came in to Englonde & tho began debate bytwene kynge Stephē & Maude thempresse. This Maude went vnto the cyte of Nicholl / & the kyng her besyged lon¦ge tyme and myght not spede / so well the cyte was kept & defended. And tho y^t were within y^e cyte / meruaylously scaped a way wythout ony maner of harme. And tho toke y^e kyng the cyte / and dwelled therin tyl Candelmasse And tho came the barons that helde wyth the Em¦presse. That is for to saye / the erle Radulphe of Chestre the erle Robert of Glocestre. Hugh Bygot. Robert of Morley / and these brought wtth them a stronge power & faught wyth the kyng / and yaue hym a grete bataylle In y^e whi¦che bataylle kyng Stephen was taken / & sette in pryson in the castell of Brytowe.

¶How Maude the Empresse wente fro wynchestre to Oxenforde / and after she escaped to walynforde / and of the soro∣we and dyscease that she had.

NOw as the kynge was takē & brought in to warde in y^e castel of Bristow / this Maude the Empresse was made lady of Eng¦londe / & all men helde her for lady of the londe But those of Kent helde with kyng Stephens wyfe / & also wyllyam of Prece & his retenewe halpe them & helde warre ayenst Maude them presse. And anone after the kynge of Scotlon¦de came to them wyth a huge nombre of peple And tho went theyr togyder to wynchestre / the¦re that the Empresse was / & wolde haue takē her But the Erle of Glocestre came wyth his power & fought with them. And the Empresse in the meane whyle that the batayll dured sca∣ped from them & wente vnto Oxenforde and there helde her. And in that bataylle was the erle of Glocetre dyscomfyted & taken & wyth hym many other lordes. And for hys delyue∣raunce / was kyng Stephen delyuered out of pryson. And whā he was delyuered out of pry¦son / he wente thens vnto Oxenforde & besye∣ged thempresse y^t was tho at Oxenforde. And the seyge endured fro Myghelmasse vnto sa∣ynt Andrews tyde. ¶And the Empresse lette clothe her tho alle in whyte lynnen clothe 〈◊〉〈◊〉 by cause she wolde not be knowen. Fo•• 〈◊〉〈◊〉 same tyme there was moche sorow•• and ••••e escaped by y^e Tamyse from them a waye that were her enmyes. And from thens ••he w••nte to walyngforde & there helde her. And the kyn∣ge wolde haue beseyged ther / but he had so mo¦che to doo with the erle Radulphe of Ch•• and with Hugh Bygot that strongely wa••d vpon hym in euery place •• that he wyste whe∣ther for to torne. And the erle of Glocester ••al¦pe hym with his power.

¶How Gaufryde y^e erle of Angoy ••au•• vn¦to Henry the Empresse sone all Normandy

ANd after thys the kynge wente vnto wylton / and wolde haue made a castel there. But tho came to hym the erle of Gloces∣tre wyth a stronge power & there almooste he had taken the kynge but yet the kyng escaped with moche payne. And wyllyam Mar••ell the¦re was takē. And for whoos delyuera••ce they yaue vnto the erle of Glocestre y^e good castell of Shyrborn that he had taken. ¶And whan this was done / the erle Robert & all y^e kynges enmyes went vnto Faryngdon and begā the¦re for to make a stronge castell / but the kynge came thyder with a stronge power and droue hym thens / And in that same yere the erle Ra∣dulphe of Chestre was accorded with y^e kyng and came to his courte at his cōmaundement And the erle demed sauely for to come. And the kyng anon lete take hym / & put hym in to pry¦son. And myght neuer for no thynge come out tyll that he had yelded vp to the kynge the cas∣tell of Nicholl / the whiche he had taken from the kynge with his strengthe in the .xv. yere of his regne. ¶And Gaufride the erle of Angoy

yaue vp vnto Henry his sone all Normandy. And in the yere that nexte ensewed / deyed the erle Gaufryde. And Henry his sone tho anōe torned ayen to Angoy / & there was made erle wy••h moche honour of all hys men of the lon∣de. And to hym dyde feaute & homage the mo¦ost party of the londe. And tho was thys Hen∣ry the Empresse sone erle of Angoy / & also du∣ke of Normandy. ¶In the same yere was ma¦de a dyuorce bytwnene the kynge of Fraunce / and the quene hys wyfe that was ryght heyre of Gascoyne. For bycause y^t it was knowen and proued / that they were sybbe and nyghe of blood. And tho spowsed her Henry the Em¦presse sone erle of Angoy and the duke of Nor¦mandy / and duke of Gascoyne. ¶In y^e .xviii yere of thys Stephen thys Henry came in to Englonde with a stronge power / & began for to warre vpon this kyng Setphen. & toke the castell of Malmesbury / & dyde moche harme. And the kynge Stephen had so moche warre that he wyst not whyther for to go. But at the laste they were accorded thrugh the Archebys¦shop Theobaldus / & thrugh other worthy lor¦des of Englonde / vpon this condycyon. that they sholde departe the Realme of Englonde but wene theym two / so y^t Henry the Empresse sone sholde hooly haue the half of all the londe of Englonde. And thus they were accorded & peas was cryed thrughout al Englonde. And whan y^e accorde was made bytwene tho two lordes / kynge Stephen became so sory / for by¦cause that he had lost half Englonde / & felle in to suche a malady / and deyed in the .xix. yere / and .viii. wekes and .v. dayes of his regne all in warre and in contake. And he ••yeth in the abbaye of Feuersham / the whyche he lets ma∣ke in the .xvi. yere of his regne.

CElestynus the seconde was pope after Innocencius .v. monethes. And lytell he dyde. ¶Lucius was after hym & lytell prof¦fyted / for they deyed both ī a pestylence. ¶Eu¦genius the seconde was pope after hym .v. ye¦re & foure monethes. Thys man fryst was the dyscyple of saynt Bernarde / & after the abbot of saynt Anastasius by Rome. And came to y^e chirche of saynt Cesary and was chosen pope by the Cardynalles / he no thynge knowynge therof / And for drede of y^e Senatours he was consecrated without thys cyte / thys man was an holy man / & suffred trybulacyon. And atte the last he decessyd / and lyeth at saynt Peters And after anone decessyd Saynt Bernarde. ¶Petrus Lombardus the bysshop of Parys brother to Graciam / compyled the foure bo∣kes of the Sentence this tyme. ¶Petrus Cō¦mestor brother to Graciā and to Pyerrs Lom∣bardus / made Hystoriam Scolasticam / and other bokes. ¶Fredericus primus after Con¦radus was emperour in Almayne & in Rome ·xxxiii. yere. This man after the deth of Adry∣an the pope the whyche crowned hym / dyde cursydly wyth Alexander to hym grete preiu∣dyce For he dyd helpe foure that stroue ayenst the appostles sete. And he faught myghtely a∣yenste the kynge of Fraunce. through power of the Danys & other nacyons. But Rycharde y^e kynge of Englonde halpe for to expoulse hym. And he destroyed medyolanū to the grounde / Of the whiche cytee / the walles were hygher than the walles of yny other cytee / This man at the laste after that he had done many vexa∣cyons to the pope / he was recounsyled / for he dradde leste the Lombardes wolde haue rebel∣led ayenste hym / he axed for yeuenes of the po∣pe. And toke the crosse vpon hym / and wente vnto the holy londe / and dyde many meruayl∣lous thynges there / almoost as moche as euer dyde Karolus magnus. And there he came by a towne that men calle Armeniam and in a ly¦tell water he was drowned / and at Tyrum he was buryed. ¶Anastasius was pope after Eugenius foure yere / and more. This man was abbot of Rufy / and thenne he was chose Cardynall / and after pope.

¶Of kynge henry the seconde that was the Empresse sone / in whose tyme saynt Tho¦mas of Caunterbury was Chaunceller.

ANd after thys kynge Ste∣phen regned Henry the Em¦presse sone / and was crow∣ned of the Archebysshoppe Theobaldus the .xvii. daye before Crystemas. And in the same yere Thomas Be∣ket of london Archebysshop of caunterbury was made the kynges Chaunceller of Englonde. ¶The seconde yere that he was crowned / he lete caste downe all the newe castels y^t were lon¦gyngt to the Crowne / the whiche kynge Ste∣phen had yeue vnto dyuerse men / & them hade

made erles & barons / for to holde with hym & to helpe hym ayenst Henry thempresse sone. ¶And the fourth yere of his regne he put vn∣der his owne lordshyp the kyng of walis. And in the same yere the kyng of Scotlond had in his owne honde / y^t is to saye / y^e cyte of Karleyll the castell of Bambrugh / and the newe castell vpon Tyne / and the erledom of Lancastre. ¶The same yere the kyng with a grete power wente in to walys / & lete caste downe woodes and made wayes & made stronge the castell of Rutlonde Basyngwark. And amonge y^e cas¦tels he made an howse of the Temple. ¶And in the same yere was Rycharde his sone bor∣ne / that afterwarde was erle of Oxforde And the fourth yere of his regne / he made Gaufry¦de erle of Brytayne. And in that yere he chaun¦ged his moneye. And the .vi. yere of hys regne he ladde a grete hoste to Tolouse & conquered it. And the .vii. yere of his regne deyed Theo∣baldus the Archebisshop of Caunterbury / and tho almoost al the cyte of Caūterbury through myschyef was brēte. The .ix. yere of his regne Thomas beket that was his Chaūceller was chosen Archebysshop of Caunterbury· And vpon saynt Bernardes daye he was sacred. And in that yere was borne the kyng{is} dough∣ter Eelenore. ¶And in the .x. yere of his regne saynt Edwarde y^e kyng was translated wyth moche honour. ¶And the .xi. yere of hys rgne he helde his parlamēte at Northampton / and fro thens sledde saynt Thomas Archebysshop of Counterbury for the grete debate that was betwixt the kynge & hym. For yf he had be foū∣de on the morowe he had be slayne / & therfore he fledde thens wyth thre felowes on foot oon¦ly / that no man wyste where he was \ & wente ouer the see to the pope of Rome And this was the pryncypall cause. For asmoche as the kyn¦ge wolde haue put clerkes to deth that were a¦taynt of felonye / without ony preuelegye of ho¦ly chyrche. ¶And y^e .xii. yere of his regne was Iohan his sone borne. ¶And the .xiii. yere of his regne deyed Maude y^e Empresse that was moder. ¶The .xiiii. yere of his regne the duke of Saxon spowsed Maude his doughter. And he begate vpon her thre sones / that were called Henry. Othus. and. Wyllyam ¶And in the xv. yere of hys regne deyed the good Erle Ro∣bert of Glocestre / that founded the abbaye of Nonne of Eton. And in the same yere Mar¦ke kynge of Ierusalem conquered Babylon ¶And the .xvi. yere of his regne / he lete crow¦ne his sone Henry at westmestre· & hym crow¦ned Roger Archebysshop of yorke / ī harmyng of Thōas archebysshop of Caūterbury. wher¦fore this same Roger was accusyd of y^e pope.

¶How kynge Henry that was sone of kyn¦ge. Henry the Empresse sone / and of the deba∣te that was bytwene hym and his fader why∣le that he was in Normandye.

AFter the cornacyon of kynge Henry the sone of kyng Henry the Empresse lone. That same Henry thempresse sone wen¦te ouer to Normandy & there he lete mary Ele¦nore his doughter of the Dolphyn y^t was kyn¦ge of Almayne. And in the .vii. yepe that the Archebysshop saynt▪ Thomas had bē our law¦ed / the kyng of Fraūce made the kyng & saynt Thomas accorded. And then̄e cam Thomas the Archebysshop to Chaunterbury ayē to his owne chyrche. & this accorde was made in the begynnyng of Aduente & afterwarde he was slayne & martred the fyfth daye of Crystmasse thenne folowynge. For kynge Henry though•• vpon saynt Thomas the Archebysshop vpon Crystmasse daye as he sate at hys mete & the∣se wordes sayd That yf he had ony good kny¦ghtes wyth hym / he had be many a day passe•• auenged vpon the Archebysshop Thomas· ¶And anone syr Wyllyam Bretō syr Hugh Moruile / syr wyllyam Tracy & syr Reygn••l••¦de Fitz vrse / beers sone in Englysshe pryuely wente vnto the see / & came in to Englonde vn∣to the chyrche of Caūterbury & there they hy•• martred at saynt Benets awter in the mode•• chyrche. And that was in y^e yere of the Incar∣nacyon of Ihesu Cryst .M.C.lxxii. yere. And anone after Henry the newe kyng began for to make warre vpon Henry his fader & vpon his brothern wyllyam & Othus. ¶And so v∣pon a daye the kyng of Fraunce & al y^e kynges sones / and the kynge of Scotlonde and all the gretest lordes of Englonde were rysen ayenst kyng Henry the fader. And at the last as god wolde / he conquered all his enmyes. And the kynge of Fraunce & he were accorded· ¶And tho sente kyng Henry specyally vnto the kyn∣ge of Fraunce / & prayed hym hertely for his lo¦ue that he wolde sende to hym the names bi let¦ters of them y^t where y^e begynners of y^e warre a¦yenst hym. And y^e kyng of fraunce sent ayen to

hym by letters y^e names of thē that began that warre ayenst hym. The fyrste was Iohn̄ hys sone / & Rycharde his brother / & Hēry y^e newe kyng his sone. Tho was Henry y^e king wōder wroth / & cursyd y^e tyme y^e euer he hym begate / & whyle y^e warre dured. Hēry his sone y^e newe kyng deyed sore repētyng his mysdedes & mo∣ost sorow made of ony mā for bycause of saint Thomas deth of Caūterbury. and prayed hys fader wyth moche sorowe of herte mercy for his trespaas. And his fader forgaaf hym / and had of hym grete pyte. And after he deyed the .xxxvi. yere of his regne / & lyeth at Redynge.

¶How the crysten men loste alle the holy londe in the forsayd kinges tyme by a fals Crysten man that became a sarrasyne.

ANd whyle thys kynge regned / the gre¦te bataylle was in the holy londe by∣twene the crysten men and the sarrasyns but Crysten men were there slayne thrugh greate treason of y^e erle Tyrpe / that wolde haue had to wyf the quene of Iherusalem / that somty∣me was Baldewynes wyfe / but she forsoke hym and toke to her lorde a knyght a worthy man / that was called syr Gnyperches / wher¦fore the erle Tyrpe was wroth / & wente ano∣ne ryght to the Soudan that was Soudan of Babylon / & became his man and forsoke hys crystendome / and alle crysten lawe. And the cerysten men wyst not of his dedes / but wende for to haue had grete helpe of hym as they we¦re wonte to haue before. ¶And whan they ca¦me to the bataylle / thys fals Cresten man tor∣ned vnto the Sarrasyns / & forsoke his owne nacyon. And soo were the crysten men there slayne with the Sarrasyns. ¶And thus we∣re the crysten men slayne & put to horryble de∣the / and the cyte of Ierusalem destroyed / and the holy crosse borne a waye. ¶The kynge of Fraunce & all the grete lordes of the londe lete them be crossyd for to go in to the holy londe· And amonges them wente Rycharde kynge Henryes sone / fyrst after the kynge of Fraun¦ce / that tooke the crosse of the. Archebysshop of Toures / But he toke not the vyage at that tyme for cause that he was lette by other ma∣ner wayes / & nedes to be done. ¶And whan kynge Henry his fader had regned .xxxvi. ye∣re and .v. monethes and four dayes / he deyed and lyeth at Fonntenerad.

¶Anno dm̄ .M.C·lvi.

ADrianus the fourth was pope after A¦nastasius ·v. yere. This pope was an Englysshe man & the voys of y^e comyn people sayth he was a boūde man & to the abbote of sa∣ynt Albon in Englonde. And whan he desy∣red to be made a monke there he was expulsyd and he wente ouer see and gaue hym to studye and to vertue. And after was made bysshop of Albanacens / thenne he was made Legate in to the londe of wormacian / and he conuer∣ted it to the fayth. Thenne he was made pope and for the woundynge of a Cardynall he en∣terdyted all the cytee of Rome / And he cursyd wyllyam the kyng of Cecyle / and caused hym to submytte hym. This man the fyrst of all y^e popes with his Cardynalles dwelled in the ol¦de cyte. ¶Alexander the thyrde was pope af∣ter hym .xii. yere. This Alexander had stryfe ·xvii. yere / and the foure stryuers that the Em¦perour sette ayenst hym / he ouercame them & cursyd them / and all deyed an euyll deth This man also accorded Frederyke the Emperour and▪ Emanuell of Constantinoble / & the kyn∣ge of seculorū And this man nourysshed saynt Thomas of Caunterbury in his exyle. ¶Nota. ¶Saynt Bernarde was ca¦nonysed by this Alexander / and his abbot for bode hym he sholde do no myracles / for there was so myghty concours of people. And he obeyed to hym whan he was deed and dyde no moo. ¶Lutius the thyrde was pope after Alexander .iiii. yere and two monethes. Of hym lytell is wryten. In hys dayes decessyd Henry the fyrste sone to Henry the seconde / & this is his Epytaphy. Omnis honoris honor decor et decus vrbis et orbis. Milicie splendor gloria lumen aper. Iulius ingenio virtutibus hector. Achellis viribus. Augustus moribus ore paris. ¶Vrbanus the thyrde was pope after Lucius two yere / this man decessyd for sorowe whā he herde tell that Ierusalem was taken with the sarrasyns· ¶Gregorius the viii. was pope after hym foure monethes And he practysed myghtely howe Ierusalem myght be wonne ayen / but anone he decessyd.

¶Clemens the thyrde was pope after hym thre yere / and lytyell he dyde.

¶Of kynge Rycharde y^t conquered ayen al the holy londe / y^t the crysten men had loste.

ANd after this kyng Henry regned Ry¦charde his sone a stowte man & a stron¦ge

& a worthy / & also bolde. And he was crow¦ned at westmestre of the Archebysshop Balde¦wyn the thyrde daye of Septembre. ¶And in the seconde yere of his regne / kyng Rycharde hymself and Baldewyn the Archebysshop of Caunterbury / and Hubert bysshop of Salys¦bury / and Radulf erle of Glocetre / and other many lordes of Englonde / went in to the holy londe / And in that vyage deyed the Archebys∣shop of Caunterbury. And kynge Rycharde wente before in to the hooly londe & rested not tyll that he came forthe in his waye vnto Cy∣pres / and tooke it with grete force. And after that kynge Rycharde went forth to warde the hooly londe / & gate there as moche as the crys∣ten men had there before lost. And conquered the londe ayen thoruhh grete myght / saufe on¦ly the holy crosse. And whan kynge Rycharde came to the cyte of Acres for to gete the cytee / ther arose a gret debate bytwene hym & y^e kyn∣ge of Fraunce / so y^t the kyng of Fraūce went a¦yen in to Fraunce & was wroth towarde kyng Rychard but yet for all y^t / are kyng Rycharde wente ayen / he toke the cyte of Acres. & whan he had take it / he dwelled in the cyte a whyle. But to hym came tydynges / that y^e erle Iohn̄ of Oxenforde hys brother wolde haue seased all Englonde in to his honde / and Norman∣dy also / and wolde lette crowne hym kynge of all the londe. ¶And whan kynge Rycharde herde telle of these tydynge / he wente ayen to∣warde Englond with all the spede that he my∣ghte. But y^e duke of Ostryche mette with hym and toke hym and brought hym vnto the Em¦perour of Almayne / And the Emperour hym brought vnto pryson. And afterward he was delyuered for an Huge raunson / that is for to saye / an hundred thousande pounde. And for the whiche raunson to be paied / eche other cha¦lyce of Englonde was molten and made in to moneye. And all the monkes of the ordre of Cy¦steaux yaue alle theyr bookes thrugh oute all Englonde / for to doo them to selle / and the ra∣unson for to paye.

¶How kynge Rycharde came agayne from the holy londe / & auenged hym of his enmyes.

SO as this kyng Rycharde was in pry∣son / the kynge of Fraunce warred vp¦on hym strongly in Normādye / and Iohn̄ his broder warred vpon hym in Englonde. But the bysshops and the barōs of Englonde with stode hym with all theyr power that they my∣ghte gete / & tooke the castell of wyndesore and other castelles. And the forsayde Iohn̄ sawe y^t he had no myght ne power ayenst the barons of Englōde for to fyght But anone went hym ouer the see vnto the kynge of Fraūce. ¶And whan Rycharde came out of pryson / & was de¦lyuered and came in to Englonde / anone af∣ter Candelmasse in grete haste / he went vnto Notyngham / & the castell of Notyngham to hym was yolden / and tho dyscomfyted he hys brother Iohan and tho that with hym helde. And after he wente vnto the cyte of wynche∣stre / & there he lete hym crowne kynge of En¦glonde. And after he wente vnto Normandy for to warre vpon the kyng of Fraūce And the kynge of Fraunce came with .vi. hondred kny¦ghtis to warde Gisors. And kynge Rycharde mette hym / and tho wolde haue yeuen hym ba¦taylle. But the kynge of Fraunce fledde tho / and hondred knyghtes of his were taken and two hondred stedes that were trapped wyth yren. ¶And anone after wente kyng Rychar¦de for to besyege the castell Gaillarde •• And as he rode vpon a daye by the castell for to take a uysemente of the castell an arbarlaster somte hym with a quarell that was enuynymmed. And the kyng drewe out the shafte of the qua∣rell / but the quarels heed abode styll in hys he∣ed. And it began for to rancle / that he ne my∣ghte not helpe hymselfe / ne meue his armes. And tho he wyst that he had dethes wonde v∣pon hym / that he myght not be hoole for noo manere of thynge. ¶He cōmaūded anōe shar¦pely all his men for to assoyle the castell. Soo that the castell was taken or he deyed. And soo manly his men dyde y^t al y^e people that were in the castell were taken / & the kynge dyde wyth them what he wolde. And commaūded his mē that they sholde brynge before▪ hym the man y^t hym so hurt & so wounded. And whan he came before y^e kyng / the kyng axed hym what was his name. And he sayd my name is Bertham Gurdon wherfore sayd the kynge haste thou me slayne / syth I dyd the neuer none harme. Syr sayd he. Though ye dyde me neuer none harme / ye your self with your owne honde sle∣we my fader & my broder. And therfor I haue quyte now your trauaylle. Tho sayd kyng Ry¦charde. He y^t dyed vpon y^e crosse / to bryng mā¦nes

soule fro payne of helle / foryeue y^t my deth and I also foryeue it the. Tho cōmaunded he that no man sholde hym mysdo. But for all y^e kyng{is} defendynge some of y^e kyng{is} men hym folowed and pryuely hym slewe. And the .vi. daye after the kyng dyde shryue hym / & sore re¦pentaunce hauynge of hys mysdedes / & was houseled and enoynted. ¶Rud this kyng reg∣ned but .ix. yere and .xxx. wekes / and deyed & lyeth besyde his fader at Fontenerad.

HEnyicus y^e fyfth was Emperour .viii. yere This Henricus was sone to frede∣ryk / & he wedded Constaunce the kyng{is} dou∣ghter / of Cecyle / & though the occasyon of her he subdued alle the kyngdome of Apulye / & he droue all the people out y^e enhabyte that londe. ¶Celestinus the thyrde was pope after Cle∣mens almost thre yere. This man was crow∣ned vpon Eester daye / & the daye folowynge he crowned Henry the emperour. And he ma∣de a palays at saynt Peters / & decessyd. ¶In¦nocencius y^e thyrde was pope after hym .viii. yere & .v. monethes. this man was wel lettred & he made a boke of the wretchydneste of mā∣nes cōdicōn. & he made speculū misse & he mad many cōstytucyons. This man dāpned y^e bo¦ke of Iohn̄ Ioachim / y^t whiche he made ayēst mayster Peyrs Lombarde / the maker of the Sentence. This tyme decessyd y^e Emperour Henry. And the prynces of almayne discorded for some chose Otto / & some chose Phylyppe brocher to Henry. Thenne Phylyppe was fal¦sely slayne / & Gtto was crowned of Innocen¦cius in Fraūce / y^t whiche anone afught with the Romayns / for they yaue hym no dewe ho∣nour. And for that cause / ayenst y^e popes wyll he toke the kyngdom of Apulye frome Frede∣ryk / wherfore the pope cursyd hym. Thenne after the fourth yere of his regne / the prynces of Almayne made Frederyk Emperour / and victoryously he subdued Otto. ¶wyllyam of Parys this tyme began the ordre of the freres Austyn / the whiche ben called (fratres mendi¦cantes) Franciscus an ytalyon a man of gre∣te perfeccyon & an ensample to many a man / dyde many a myracle this tyme. And he ordey¦ned the frere Minors. ¶And the .vi. yere of pope Innocencius the thyrde / the ordre of the frere prechers beganne vnder Domynyke / but it myght not be confermed tylle the fyrste yere Honorius.

¶Of kynge Iohn̄ / that in the fyrste yere of gis regne loste all Normandye.

AS kyng Rycharde was deed / by cause that he had none heyre / nother sone / ne doughter / then̄e his brother Iohn̄ was ma¦de kynge / and crowned at westmestre of Hu∣bert that tho was Archebysshop of Caunter¦bury. And whan he began for to regne / he be∣came so meruaylous a man / and wente ouer in to Normandye / and warred vpō the kynge of Fraunce. And soo longe they warred togy∣der / tyll at the laste kynge Iohan loste all Nor∣mandy & Angoy / wherfore he was sore anoy∣ed / & it was no meruaylle. ¶Tho lete he assē¦ble before hym at London Archebysshops / bys¦shops / abbots / & pryours / Erles & Barons & helde there a grete parlyament & axed there of the Clergye / the tenthe of euery chyrche of En¦glonde / for to conquere and gete ayen Normā¦dy & Angoy y^t had lost. They wolde not graunt that thynge / wherfore he was wonder wroth. ¶And in that same tyme deyed Hubert. The pryour & y^e couent of Caūterbury chose ayenst the kynges wyll to be Archebysshop Stephen of Langton a good clerke / that dwelled at the courte of Rome / & sent to the pope theyr clery∣on / & the pope confermed it / and sacred him at Viterbi· ¶Whan the kynge wyst these tydyn∣ges / he was wonder wroth / & droue y^e pryour and the couente fro Counterbury / and exyled out of Englonde / & commaūded that no letter that come fro Rome / ne commaūdement / shol¦de be receyued ne pleryd in Englonde. Whan these tydynges came to the pope / he sente kyn∣ge Iohan his letter / & prayed hym with good wyll and good hert / that he wolde receyue Ste¦phen y^e Archebysshop of Caunterbury to hys chyrche / & suffre y^e pryour and hys monkes to come ayen to theyr owne dwellynge. But the kynge wolde not graunte it for no thynge.

¶How kynge Iohn̄ wolde noo thynge do for the popes commaundement. wherfore all Englonde was enterdyted and suspended.

ANd at the last the pope sent by his auc∣toryte / and enioyned to the bysshops of Englonde / that yf the kyng wolde not recey¦ue the pryour of Caunterbury & his monkes / that they shold do general enterditinge thrugh out all Englonde. And graunted full power to foure bysshops to pronounce the enterdytyn∣ge / yf he it warned· The fyrst was bysshoppe

wyllyam of London / & that other bysshop Eu¦stace of Ely / & the thyrde was bysshop Walter of wynchestre / & the fourth was bysshop Gy∣les of Hertforde. ¶And these foure bysshops prayed the kynge / knelynge on theyr knees / & sore werynge / that he wolde do y^e popes com∣maundement. And shewed hym y^e popes Bul¦les of the entertydynge / but for no prayer that they myght praye he wolde not consente ther∣to. And whan y^e bysshops sawe this / they wen∣te fro the kyng. And in the morne after the An¦nunciacion of our lady / they pronounced y^e ge¦nerall enterdytynge thrughout all Englonde so that the chyrche doores were shytte with ke∣ys & with other fastynges & with walles. And whan the enterdytynge was pronoūced / then¦ne the kynge began for to wexe all out of mesu¦re / & anone toke in to his honde al y^e possessiōs of y^e foure bysshops / & of all the clergye thrugh out of all Englond / the lōde he toke / and ordey¦ned men for to kepe it / that the clerk{is} myghte not haue theyr lyuynge. wherfore y^e bysshops cursyd all them / that put / or shold medle with holy chyrche goodes / ayenst the wyll of theym that ought theym. ¶And whan the kyng wol¦de not of hys malyce cesse for no maner thyn∣ge. These foure bysshops afore sayd wente o∣uer the see / and came to the bysshop of Caun∣terbury / & tolde hym all thynge. And y^e Arche∣bysshop to them sayd / that they shold go ayen to Caunterbury / and he sholde come thyder to theym / or elles he wolde sende vnto theym cer¦tayne persones in hys stede / that sholde do as moche as of he hymself were there. And whan the bysshops herde thys they torned agayne in to Englonde / and came vnto Caunterbury. The tydynges came to the kynge / that the bys∣shops were come againe to Caunterbury / and hymself myght not come thyder that tyme he sente thyder bysshops Erles / & abbotes / for to create with them / that the kynge sholde recey∣ue tharchebysshop Stephen / & the pryour and all the monkes of Caunterbury / that he shold neuer after that tyme no thynge take of hooly chyrche ayenst the wyll of them that oweth y^e goodes. And that the kynge sholde make full a¦mendes to them / of whom he had ony goodes taken. And that hooly chyrche sholde haue alle fraunchyse / as ferforth as they hadde in saynt Edward{is} tyme the holy Confessour.

¶How Stphen of Langton came ayen▪ in to Englonde thrugh the popes cōmaū¦dement / and how he wente ayen.

SO whan the fourme of accordemente thus was ordeyned. It was in a payer of endentures / & theyr seales to that one par••e and they y^t came in the kynges name put theyr seales to that other parte of y^e endentures. And four bysshops aboue sayd toke that one parte of the endentures to them. And that other par¦te of the endentures \ they bare with theym to shewe to the kynge. ¶Whan the kynge sawe the fourme and vnderstode / he helde hym full well apayed of all maner thynges as they had ordened / sauynge as touchynge / restytucyon of the goodes for to make ayen. To that thyn¦ge wolde not accorde / & so he sente worde ayen to the foure bysshops / that they sholde do out and put awaye that one poynt of resty••ucyon. But they answered / that they wolde not doo one worde out. ¶Tho sente the kynge to the Archebysshop by the four bysshops y^t he sholde come to Caunterbury for to speke wyth hym there / and sente vnto hym saufcondyte vnder pledges. that is to saye / his Iustyces Gylbert Peyteum. Wyllyam de la Brener •• and Iohan fitz Hugh / that in theyr conduyte / sauely he sholde come & go ayen at his owne wyll And thus in this maner tharchebysshop Stephen came to Caunterbury. whan the Archebys∣shop was come / the kyng came to Chill•••• For he wolde no nyghe Caynterbury at that tyme. But he sente by his Tresorer bysshop of wyn∣cester y^t he sholde do out of the endentures the clause of restytucyon / for to make of y^e goodes ¶And tharchebysshop made hys othe that he wolde neuer doo out oo worde therof ne yet •••• chaunge of y^t the bysshops had spoken & ordey∣ned. And tho the Archebyssop yede ayen to Rome without ony more doyng. ¶Kynge Io¦han was wrother thā euer he was before and lete make a comyn crye thrugh out all Englon¦de / that all tho y^t had holy chyrche rentes / and wente ouer the see / y^t they sholde come ayen in to Englonde at a certayne daye / or elles they shold lese theyr rentes for euer more. And y^t he commaunded to euery Shyref thrugh out all Englonde / that they shold enquyre yf ony bys∣shop abbot or pryour / or ony other Prelate of holy chyrche / fro y^e daye afterwarde / receyue ony commaundement that cometh fro the po∣pe. That they sholde take the body / & bryng it

before hym / and that they sholde take in to the kynges hondes all theyr londes of holy chyr∣che / that were yeue to ony man / by the Arche¦bychop or by the pryour of Caūterbury / from the tyme of eleccion of the Archebysshop. And commaunded that alle the woodes that were the Archebysshops sholde be caste downe vn∣to the grounde / and all solde.

¶How kynge Iohn̄ destroyed the ordre of Cesteaux.

ANd in the same yere / the Irysshe men began to warre vpon kynge Iohn / & the kynge ordeyned hym for to go in to Irlon¦de / & lete arere an huge taxe thrughout al Eng¦londe / that is for to saye .xxx. thousande mar∣ke. And thus he sent thrugh out all Englonde vnto mōkes of the ordre of Cisteaux that they shold helpe hym of ·vi. thousande marke of syl¦uer. ¶And they answered and sayd / that they durst no thynge do without theyr chyef abbot yf Cisteaux. wherfore kynge Iohan whan he came ayen from Irlonde / dyde them so moche sorowe & care / that they wyst not wheder to a byde / for he tooke so moche raunson of euery hous / & the somme amoūted to .ix. thousande & .iiii. hondred marke / so that they were clene lost & destroyed / & voyded cheyr houses & theyr londes thrughout all Englonde. And the ab∣bot of wauersaye draded so moche hys mena∣ce / that he forsoke all the abbaye & went thens & pryuely ordeyned hym ouer the see to y^e hous of Cisteaux. whan the tydynges came to the pope / that the kynge hath done so moche maly¦ce / then he was to warde the kynge full wroth And sente to Legates vnto the kyng / that one was called Pandulf / & y^e other Duraunt / that they sholde warne the kynge in the popes na∣me / that he sholde cesse of his persecucion y^t he dyde vnto holy chirche / & amende the wronge & the trespasse / y^t he had done to the Archebys∣shop of Caunterbury / & to the pryour & vnto the monkes of Caunterbury / & to all the cler∣gye of Englonde. And that he sholde rest ore al the goodes ayen y^t he had taken of them ayenst theyr wyll & elles they sholde curse hym by na¦me / And to do this thynge / and to conferme the pope toke them his letters in bulles paten¦tes. ¶These two Legates came in to englon∣de / & came to the kynge to Northamton / the∣re y^t he helde his parlyamente / & full curteysly they hym salewed & sayd. Syr we come fro y^e pope of Rome / the peas of the holy chyrche & the londe to amende. And we admonest you fyrst in the popes half / that ye make full resty∣tucyon of the goodes y^t ye haue rauysshed & ta∣ken of holy chyrche & of the londe. And that y•• receyue Stephen Archebysshop of Caunterbu¦ry in to his dygnytee / & the pryour of Caunter¦bury / & his mōkes. And that ye yelde ayen vn¦to the Archebysshop alle his londes & rentes / without ony withholdynge. ¶And syr yet mo¦re ouer / y^t ye shall make restytucyon / vnto all holy chyrche / wherof they shall holde them wel apayed. Tho answered the kynge as touchyn∣ge the pryour & his monkes of Caunterbury. All that ye haue sayde I wyll do gladly / and all thynge y^t ye wyll ordeyne. But as touchynge the Archebysshop. I shall tell you in my herte as it lyeth. That the Archebysshop leue his ar¦chebysshoppryche / & that y^e pope then̄e for hym wolde praye / & then̄e vpon auenture / me shol¦de lyke some other bysshopryche to yeue hym in Englond And vppon this condicyon I wyl hym accepte & receyue And neuertheles as Ar¦chebysshop in Englonde yf he abyde / he shall neuer haue so good{is} saufconduyte / but that he shall be take. ¶Tho sayde Pandulf vnto the kynge / Syre holy chyrche was wonte neuer to dyscharge an Archebysshop wythout cause resonable. But euer it hath be wonte to chas¦tyse prynces / y^t to god & holy chyrche were In obedyence. ¶What how now sayde the kyng menace ye me. Naye sayde Pandulf / But ye now openly haue tolde / as it standeth in your herte. And to you we wyll tell what is the po∣pes wyll. And thus it standeth / y^t he hathe you hooly enterdyted & accursyd / for the wronges that ye haue done to holy chyrche & to the cler∣gye. And for as moche as ye dwelle / & beth in wyll to abyde in malyce & in wretchednesse / & wyll not come out therof / ne to amēde ye shall vnderstande / y^t this tyme after warde the sen∣tence is vpon you yeuen and holdeth stede and strength / and vpon all tho that with you hath comuned before this tyme / whether they ben erles / barons / or knyght{is} / or ony other what so euer y^t they be we them assoylle / saufly vnto this day· & fro this tyme after warde of what condycyon someuer y^t they ben we them accur¦se / y^t with you comyne ony worde / & do wene sē¦tence vpon them openly and specially And we assoyle clene / erles / barrns / knyghtes / and all

other mē of theyr homages / seruyces and feau¦tres / that they sholde vnto you do / And this ty¦dynge to conferme / we yeue playne power / to the bysshop of wynchestre / and the bysshop of Norwhiche. And the same power we yeue in to Scotlōde to the bisshop of Rochestre and of Salysbury. And in walys we yeue the same power to the bysshop of saynt Dauyd and of Landaf & of saynt Asse. And more ouer we sen¦te thrugh out all Crystendom / that all the bys¦shops beyonde the see / that they do accurse all tho that helpe you / or ony counseyl yeueth you in ony maner nede that ye haue to doo in ony parte of the worlde. And we assoyle them also all / by auctoryte of y^e pope / & commaūde them also with you for to fyght / as with hym that is enmye to all holy chyrche. ¶Tho answered y^e kynge. what may ye do more to me ¶Tho an¦swered Pandulf. we saye to you in the worde of god / that ye ne no heyr that ye haue / neuer after this daye may be crowned. Tho sayd y^e kyne. By hym that is almyghty god / & I had wyst this are that ye came in to my londe / that ye had brought me suche tydynges. I shold ha¦ue made you redy all one yere. ¶Tho answe∣red Pandulf / Full well wende we at our fyrst comynge / that ye wolde haue be obedyent to god & holy chyrche / & haue fulfylled the popes commaūdement / & now we haue shewed vnto you / & pronounced the popes wyll / as we we∣re charged therwith / And as now ye haue say∣de / that yf ye had wyst the cause of our comyn∣ge / that ye wolde haue do vs to ryde all an hole yere. And as well ye myght haue sayd / that ye wolde haue taken an hoole yere of respyte / by the popes leue. ¶But for to suffre what deth ye coude ordeyne / we shall not spare for to tell you hooly all the popes message and his wyll / that we were charged with.

¶How Pandulf delyuered a clerke that had falsyd & counterfetyd the kyng{is} mo∣neye before the kynge hymself.

ANd anone tho commaunded the kyn∣ge the Syrefs & Baylyfs of Northam¦pton / that were in the kynges presence / y^t they sholde brynge forth all y^e prysoners / that they myght be done to deth before Pandulf / for by cause the kynge wened that they wolde haue gaynsayd theyr dedes / for cause of the deth all thynge that they hadde spoken afore ¶Whan the prysoners were come before the kynge the kynge commaunded some to be hanged / and some to be drawen and some to drawe out the¦yr eyen out of theyr heed. And amonge alle o∣ther / there was a clerke that had falsyd y^e kyn¦ges moneye. And the kynge cōmaunded that he shoyde be hanged and drawed· And whan Pandulf herde this commaundemente of the kynge / he sterte hym vp ryght quyckly / & ano∣ne axed a boke and a candell / and wolde haue cursyd the kynge / & all theym that wolde sette vpon y^e clerke ony honde. And Pandulf hym self wente for to seke a crosse. And the kynge fo¦lowed hym / & delyuered hym the clerke by the hōde that he sholde doo with hym what he wol¦de. And thus was the clerke delyuered & went thens. ¶And Pandulf and Duraunt his fe¦lowe went fro the kyng / & came agayne to the pope of Rome. And tolde hym that kynge Io¦han wolde not amended be. But euer abode so acrcusyd ¶And neuertheles the pope graū¦ted that yere thorughout alle Englonde that preestes myght synge masse in couenable chyr¦ches / and consecrate our lordes body •• & gyue it to syke men whiche were lykely to passe out of this worlde. And also that men myght crys∣ten chyldern ouer all the londe. ¶And whan the pope wyst and sawe that the kynge wolde not be vnder the rule of hooly chyrche for noo maner thynge. The pope then̄e sent to the kyn¦ge of Fraūce in remysseon of his synnes / that he sholde take with hym alle the power that he myght / & go in to Englond for to destroye the kynge Iohan ¶Whan these tydyges came to kynge Iohan / thenne was he sore anoyed & sore dradde lest he sholde lese his reame & hym self be done to the deth. ¶Thenne sente he to the pope messengers & sayd. He wolde be Iusti¦fyed / & come to amendemente in all thynges / and wolde make satysfaccyon to all maner of men after the popes ordynaunce. ¶Then̄e sente the pope ayen in to Englonde Pandulf and other messenger / and came to Caunter∣bury to the kynge & there abode· And the .viii. daye of May / the kynge made anothe•• for to stande to the popes ordynaunce / before Pan∣dulf y^e Legate in all maner of thynges in why¦che he was accursyd. And that he sholde make full restytucyon to all mē of holy chyrche & of relygyon / and of the goodes that he had taken of them ayenst theyr wyll And all the grete lor¦des of Englonde swore vpon the boke and by

theyr holydom / that yf y^e kynge wolde not hol¦de his othe / they sayd y^e they wolde by strength make hym holde it. ¶Thenne put the kymge hym to the courte of Rome / and thenne gaaf he vp the reame of Englonde and of Irlonde for hym and for his heyers for euer more that sholde come after hym / soo that kynge Iohan and his heyers sholde take the two reames of the popes hondes And sholde euery yere paye ferme vnto the courte of Rome a thousande marke of syluer. And tho toke y^e kyng y^e crow¦ne of hys heed & sete it vpon his knees And the¦se wordes sayd he in herynge of all y^e grete lor¦des of Englonde. Here Iresygne vp the crow¦ne & the reame of Englonde in to the pope In¦nocencius hondes the thyrde / & put me hooly in his mercy and in his ordynaunce. ¶Tho receyued Pandulf the crowne of kynge Iohn̄ and kept it ••yue dayes as fore seasynge / takyn¦ge of two realmes / of Englonde & of Irlonde. And cōfermed all maner thyng{is} by his Char∣tre that foloweth afer.

¶Of the letetr oblygatorye y^e kynge Iohn̄ made to the courte of Rome / wherfore the Pe¦ters pens ben gadred thrughout al Englonde.

TO all crysten people throghout all the worlde dwellynge. Iohan by the grace of god kynge of Englonde gretynge to your vnyuersyte. And be it knowen that for as mo¦che as we haue greued and offended god and our moder holy chyrche of Rome. And for as∣moche as we haue nede vnto the mercy of our lorde Ihesu cryst. And also we may no thynge so worthy of••re / as competent satysfaccyon to make to god and to holy chirch / but yf that yt were owr owne body / as wyth our reames of Englonde and of Irlonde. Then̄e by the gra∣ce of god we desyre to meke vs / for the loue of hym that meked hym to the dethe of the crosse Thorugh coūseyll of these noble erles and ba∣rons / we offre all freely / graunt to god and to the appostle saynt Peter and saynt poule / and to our moder chirche of Rome / and to our ho∣ly fader pope Innocencius the thyrde / and to all the pooes that cometh after hym all the re∣ame and patronages of chirches of Englonde and of Irlonde / with theyr appertenaunces / for remyssyon of oure synnes / and for helpe & helthe of our kynne soules / and of all crysten soul is So that from this daye after warde we wyll receyue / & holde of our moder chyrche of Rome / as fee ferme / doynge feaute to our ho¦ly fader pope Innocencius the thyrde / and so to all the popes that cometh after hym / in the same manere aboue sayd. And in presence of the wyse man Pandulf y^e popes Subdeaken / we make lyeges homage / as it were in the po∣pes presence / and before gym were. And shall do all manere thyng{is} aboue sayd / And therto we bynde vs / and all that cometh after vs / & our heyres for euer more / without ony agayn sayenge to the pope / and eke the warde of chyr¦che vacauntz. And in token for this thyng for euer to laste / we wyll conferme and ordeyne / that our specyall rentes of the forsayd r••ame / sauynge saynt Peters pens in al thynge to the moder chyrche of Rome payēge bi yere a thou¦sande marke of syluer and two termes of y^e ye∣re for all manere customes that we sholde doo for the forsayd reames / that is to say to Myg∣helmas / and atte Eester. That is to saye .vii. hondred marke for Englonde / & thre hondred marke for Irlond Sauynge to vs and to our heyres our Iustyces / and other fraunchyse / & other ryaltees / that perteyne vnto the crowne And these thynges & before ben sayd we wyll / that it be ferme & stable without ende. And to that oblygacyon / we & our successours & oure heyres in this manere be bounde / that yf we / or ony of oyr heyres / thorugh ony presumpcy¦on falle / in ony poynt ayenst ony of these thyn∣ges aboue sayde / and he be warned / and wyll not ryght amende / he shall thenne lese the for∣sayd reame for euermore. And that is char∣tre of oblygacyon and our warraunt for euer more / be ferme and stable without ony gayn∣sayenge. we shall fronte this daye afterwarde be true vnto god and to the moder of holy chyr¦che of Rome \ and to the pope Innocencius the thyrde / and to all that cometh after hym· And the realme of Englonde and of Irlonde / we shall maynten truely in alle manere poyntes ayenst alle manere men by our power thrugh goodes helpe.

¶How the clerkes that were outlawed ca∣me agayne & how kyng Iohan was assoylled.

SO whan thys chartre was made and ensealed / the kynge receyued agayne his crowne of Pandulfus honde And sete ano¦ne vnto the Archebysshop Stephen / and to all his other clerkes and lewede men / that he had exyled out of thys londe / that they sholde come

ayen in to Englonde / and haue agayne theyr londes and allo theyr rentes. And that he wol¦de make restytucyon of the goodes that he had taken of theyrs ayenst theyr wyll. ¶The kyn¦ge hymself tho and Pandulf and erles and ba∣rons went unto wynchestre ayenst the Arche¦bysshop Stephen. ¶And whan he was come the kynge wente ayenst hym and fell adowne to his feet / and thus to hym sayde. Fayre syre ye be welcome. And I crye you mercy by cau∣se that I haue trespassed ayenst you. ¶The Archebysshop toke hym vp tho in hys armes / and kyssyd hym curteysly oftentymes / and af∣ter ledde hym to y^e doore of saynt Swythunes chyrche by the honde / and assoylled hym of the sentence / and hym reconsyled to god & to holy thyrche. And that was on saynt Margaretes daye. And the Archepysshop anone wente for to synge masse. And the kyng offred at the mas∣se a marke of golde. ¶And whan the masse was done / all they wente for to receyue theyr londes / without ony manere gaynsayenge. ¶And that daye they made all myrth & Ioye ynough. But yet was not the enterdytynge re¦leaced / by cause the pope had sette that the en∣terdytynge sholde not be done / tyll the kynge had made full restytucyon of the goodes that he had taken of the holy chyrche. And that hym self sholde do homage to the pope by a certayn Legate / that he sholde sende in to Englonde. ¶And thenne tooke Pandulf his leue of the kynge and the Archebysshop / and went agay¦ne vnto Rome. ¶And the Archebysshop ano¦ne lete come before hym prelates of holy chyr∣che at Redynge / for to treate & counseyll how moche / and what they sholde axe of the kyng / for to make restytucyon of the goodes that he had taken of theym. And they ordeyned & sayd that the kyng sholde yeue to the Archebysshop thre thousande marke for the wronge that the kynge had done vnto hym. And also by procy∣ons to other clerkes .xv. thousande marke. ¶And the same tyme Nycolaus bysshop of Tuscam Cardynall Penytenciarius of Ro∣me came in to Englonde thrugh the popes con¦maundement / the fyfth kalendas of Octobre and came to London / the fyfth Nonas of Oc¦tobre / for by cause that kynge Iohan and alle the kynges that came after hym / sholde euer more holde the reame of Englonde and of Ir∣londe / of god and of the pope / payenge to the pope by yere as it is aboue sayd.

¶How the enterdytynge was vndone in Englōde / and of the debate that was bytwene kynge Iohan and the barons of the reame.

AS kynge Iohan had done his homage to the Legate that shewed hym the po∣pes letter / that he sholde paye to Iulyan & yel∣ne ayen that was kynge Rychardes wyfe the thyrde parte of the londe of Englonde and of Irlonde that he had withholde syth that kyng Rycharde deyed. ¶Whan kynge Iohn̄ herde this / he was wonder wroth. For vtterly y^t en¦terdytynge myght not be vndone tyll y^t he had made gre•• and restytycyon to the forsayd Iu∣lyan / of that she asked. The Legate went then¦ne agayne to the pope after Crystmasse. And y^e kynge sente ouer see to Iulyan that was kyn¦ge Rychardes wyf for to haue a relate of that she axed of hym. ¶And so it befell that Iuly¦an deyed anone after Eester. And in so moche the kynge was quyte of that thynge that the ax¦ed. ¶But thenne at the feest of saynt Iohan that came nexte after / thorugh the popes com∣maundemente / the enterdytynge was fyrst re¦leasyd thrughout alle Englonde 〈…〉〈…〉 daye of Iulii. And .vii. yere was the londe ••¦terdyted. And on the mornynge m••n rough & sayd masse thorugh out all London and so ••••¦ter thorugh out all Englonde· ¶And the ne•••• yere after there began a grete debate bytwene kynge Iohan and the lordes of Englonde ••or by cause that he wolde not graunte the law•••• and holde / the whiche saynt Edwarde had or¦deyn••d / and had ben vsed & holden vnto that tyme that he had them broken. For he wolde holde noo lawe / but dyde all thynge that hym lyked / and dysheryted many men without con¦sente of lordes and perys of y^e londe. And wo•• dysheryte the good erle Radulf of Chestre for by cause that he vndertoke hym of hys wyc∣kednesse / & for by cause that he dyde so moche shame and vylany to god and to holy chyrche▪ And also for he helde and haunted hys owne brothers wyfe / and laye also by many wym∣men greate lordes doughters. For he spared no woman that hym lyked for to haue. wher∣fore all the lordes of the londe were wrothe / & toke the cyte of London. To cesse this debate the Archebysshop and lordes of the londe assen¦bled before the feest of saynt Iohn̄ Bap••yst in a medowe besyde the towne of Stanys / that

is called Romney mede. And the kynge made them there a chartre of fraunchyse / suche as they wolde axe / and in suche manere they we∣••e accorded / and that accordement lasted not full longe. For the kynge hymself soone after dyed ayenst the poyntes of the same chartre that he had made. wherfore the moost parte of the lordes of the londe assembled and began to warre vppon hym ayen / and brenned his tow¦nes / & robbed his folke / and dyde all the soro∣we that they myght / & made them as stronge as they myght with all the power they hadde / and thought to dryue hym oute of Englonde / and make Lowys the kyng{is} sone of Fraunce kynge of Englonde. ¶And kyng Iohn̄ sente tho ouer see and ordeyned so moche people of Normans / & of Pycardes / & of Flemynges / soo that the londe myghte not susteyne them / but with moche sorowe. ¶And amonge alle this people •• there was a man of Normandye that was called Fawkis of Brent / and thys Normā and his company spared nother chir∣ches ne houses of relygyon / but they brente & ••obbed it / and bare a way a••l that they myght take so that the londe was all destroyed / what one syde and other. ¶The barons & lordes of Englonge ordeyned amonge theym the beste spekers and wysest men / and sente them ouer the see to kynge Phylyp of Fraūce / and pray∣ed hym / that he wolde sende Lowys hys sone in to Englonde to be kynge of Englonde / and to receyue the crowne.

¶How Lowys the knges sone of Fraun¦ce came in to Englonde with a stronge po∣wer of people •• to be kynge of Englonde·

ANone as kynge Phylyp of Fraunce herde these tydynges / he made certay¦ne alyaunce bytwene theym by theyr comune eleccyon / that Lowys kynge Phylyps sone of Fraunce sholde go with theym in to Englon∣de / and dryue out kynge Iohan of the londe. And all that were in presence of Lowes / made vnto hym homage / & became his men. ¶And the Barons of Englonde helde them styll att London / and abode Lowys the kynges sone of Fraunce. And thys was the nexte Sater∣daye before the Ascensyon of our lorde / that Lowys came into Englonde wyth a stronge power. And that tyme kynge Iohn̄ had taken alle the castels of Englonde in to Alyens hon∣des / ¶And tho came Lowwys / and besyeged Rochestre castell / and tooke yt wyth strength. And the thursdaye in wytson weke lete hange all the Alyens that were therin / And y^e Thurs¦daye nexte se wynge / he came to London / and there he was receyued with moche honur of the lordes that abode hym there / & all to hym made homage. ¶And after warde on the Te∣wysdaye nexte after the. Trynyte sondaye he toke the castel of Reigate. And on the morowe after the castell of Gilforde / and the Frydaye nexte after the castell of Farneham. And the Mondaye nexte after the cyte of wynchestre to hym was yolde / and the morowe after Saynt Iohans daye the maner of wu••ueseye to hym yelden▪ And the Tewysdaye after the Vtas of saynt Peter and Poule they toke the castell of Odyham. And the mondaye after saynt / Mar¦garetes day / he ordeyned hym to warde Baw¦more / for to syege the castell / and there he dwel¦led .xv. dayes and myghte not gete the castell / and thenne wente he thens and came to Lon∣don and the Toure to hym was yolden.

How y^e pope sēte in to Englonde a legate y^t was called Swalo & of y^e deth of kynge Iohan.

ANd in the same tyme the pope sente in to Englond a Legate / that was called Swalo / and he was preest Cardynall of Ro∣me / for to mayntene kynge Iohans cause / a∣yenst the barons of Englond. But the barons had so huge parte & helpe / thorugh lowys the kynges sone of Fraūce / that kyng Iohn̄ wyst not to ••orne ne go. And so it befell that he wol¦de haue gone to Nycholl· And as he went thy¦der warde / he came by the abbaye of Swynes hede / & there he abode two dayes And as he sa∣te at mete / he axed a monke of y^e hous how mo∣che that a loof was wroth that was sette befo∣re hym vpō the table / And the monke sayd ••hat the loof was wroth but an half peny. O sayd the kynge tho. Here is greate chepe of brede. Now sayde he tho / and I may leue ony whyle suche a loof shall be wrothe .xx. shelynges or half a yere be gone. And so whan he sayd this worde / moche he thought / & often he syghed / & toke and ete of the brede / and sayd by god / y^e worde that I haue spoken / it shall be sothe· ¶The mōke that stode before the kyng was for this worde full sory in hys herte / & thought rather he wolde hym self suffre deth / & thought yf he myght ordeyne therfore some maner re∣medy. And anone the monke wente vnto hys

abbot and was shryuen of hym / and tolde the abbot all that the kynge had sayd. And prayed hys abbot for to assoyle hym / for he wolde ye¦ue the kynge suche a drynke that all Englond sholde be glad therof and Ioyfull Tho yede the monke in to a gardeine / and foūde a grete tode therin / and toke her vp and put her in a cuppe & prycked the tode thorugh with a broche ma∣ny tymes tyll that the venym came out of eue∣ry syde in the cuppe And tho tooke the cuppe & fyllyed it with good ale / and brought it before the kyng knelynge sayenge. Syr sayd he was∣sayll / for euer the dayes of all your lyf dronke ye of so good a cuppe. ¶Begyne monke sayd the kynge. ¶And the monke dranke a greate draught / and toke the kynge the cuppe / and y^e kynge dranke also a greate draught / and sette downe the cuppe. The monke anon ryght wen¦te in to farmere & there deyed anone / on who∣os soule god haue mercy Amen. And fyue mon¦kes synge for his soule specyally / & shall whyle that the abbaye standeth. The kynge rose vp anone full euyll at ease and commaūded to re∣meue the table / and axed after the monke. And men tolde hym that he was deed / for his wom∣be was broken in sondre. ¶Whan y^e kyng her¦de this / he cōmaunded for to trusse / but it was for nought / for is bely began to swelle for the drynke y^t he had drōke / & within two dayes he deyed on y^e morowe after saynt Lukys daye / & had many fayr chyldern of his body begaten / that is to say. Hēry his sone y^t was kyng after Iohan his fader / & Rycharde that was Erle of Cornewaylle / and ysabell that was Empresse of Rome / & Elenore that was quene of Scot∣londe. And this kyng Iohan whan he had reg∣ned .xiiii. yere & fyue monethes & fyue dayes / he deyed in the castell of ne werke. And his bo¦dy was buryed at wynchestre.

¶Anno dm̄ .M.CC.

FRedericus the seconde was Emperour xxx. yere / This man was crowned of Honorius the pope ayenst Otto for by cause that he sholde fyght wyth hym / the whyche he dyde / and expulsyd hym. And fyrste he nourys∣shed the chyrche / and afterwarde he dyspoyled it / as a stepmoder· wherfore Honorius cursyd hym / and all tho that were contrary to hys o∣pynyon the pope assoyled. And the same sen¦tence Gregorius the .ix. renewed And this sa∣me man put Henry hys owne sone in to pry¦son / and there murdred hym. wherfore whan thys Emprerour an other season was lyke / by an other sone of his owne he was murdred / in the tyme of Innocentius the fourth. ¶Hono¦rius the thyrde was pope after Innocenci{us} .x. yere / & confermed the ordre of frere Prechers & Mynors· And made certayne Decretalles.

¶Of kynge Henry the thyrde that was crowned at Gloucetree

ANd after this kynge Iohan regned his sone Henry / & was crowned at Glou∣cette whan he was .ix. yere olde / on saynt Sy¦mondes daye & Iyde of Swalo the Legate of Rome thrugh counseyll of all the grete lordes that helde with kynge Iohan hys fader that is to saye / the erle Radulf of Chestre. wyllyam erle Marshall erle of Penbroke. Wyllyam y^e Brener erle of Feries. Serle y^e manly baron. And all other grete lordes of Englonde helde with Lowys the kynges sone of Fraūce. And anone after whan kynge Henry was crowned Swalo the Legate helde his counseyll at Bry∣stowe at saynt Martyns feest. And there were xi. byssops of Englonde & of walys / and of o∣ther prelates of holy chyrche a grete nombre / and erles & barons / & many knyghtes of Eng¦londe. And all tho that were at that counseyll swore feawte vnto Henry the kyng that was kynge Iohn̄s sone. ¶And anone after the Le¦gate enterdyted walys / for cause that they hel∣de with the barons of Englonde. Also all tho that holpe / or yaue ony counseyll to meue war¦re ayenst the newe kynge Henry he accursyd them. And at the begynnynge he put in the sen¦tence the kyng{is} sone of Fraunce Lowys. And neuertheles the same Lowys wolde not spare for all that. But wente and toke the caastell of Barchamstede / & aleso y^e castell of Hirtfo•• And from that daye afterwarde / the Barons dyde there so moche harme thrughout all En∣glonde. And pryncypally y^e frensshemen that were with kynge Lowys. wherfore the grete lordes / and all the comyn people of Englonde lete them dresse / for to dryue Lowys & his com¦pany out of Englond / but some of the barons and Frensshemen were gone to the cyte of Ny¦choll / & toke the towne & helde it to kynge Lo∣wys profyte. But thyther came kyng Henry¦es men with a grete power / that is to saye the erle Radulf of Chestre / & Wyllyam erle Mar∣shall / & Wyllyam the Brenererle of Feryers &

many other lordes with them / & yaue batayll vnto Lowys men. And there was slayne the erle of perchees & Lowys men were fowle dys¦comfyted. And there was taken Serle erle of wynchestre / and Humfroyde. Boune erle of Hertforde / & Robert the sone of walter / & ma∣ny other that began warre ayenst the kynge / there they were taken & ladde vnto kyng Hen∣ry / that was kynge Iohn̄s sone. ¶And whan the tydynges cam to Lowys of the dyscomfy¦ture / y^t was the kynges sone of Fraūce. He re∣meued fro thens & wente vnto London / and lete shytte the yates faste of the cyte. And ano∣ne after the kynge sente to the Burgeys of Lō¦don / that they sholde yelde them vnto hym / & the cyte also. And he wolde theym graunte all theyr fraunchyses that euer they were wonte to haue before. And wolde conferme them by his grete newe chartre vnder hys brode scale.

¶And in the same tyme a grete lorde that was called Eustace the monke came oute of Fraunce wyth a grete company of Lordes / & wolde haue come in to Englonde / for to haue holpen Lowys the kynges sone of Fraunce. But Hubert of Brugh / & y^e fyue por••es wyth .viii. shyppes tho mette with them in y^e hyghe see •• & assaylled them egerly / & ouer came them with strength / & smote of Eustace the monkes heed. And toke also .x. grete lordes of Fraunce & put theym in to pryson. And slewe almoost all the men that came with theym / and anone drowned the shyppes in the see.

¶How Lowys corned ayen in to Fraunce / & of y^e confermacyon of kynge Iohans hartre.

SO whan Lowys herde these rydynges he dradde sore to be deed & lost. And lete or••••yne / & speke bytwene the kynge & Lowys by the Legate Swalo And throughe the Arche¦bysshop of Caunterbury / & thrugh other grete lordes that all the prysoners on that one halfe and that other sholde be delyuerd & go quyte. A••d Lowys hym self sholde haue for his costes a thousande poūde of syluer. and shold go out of Englonde / and come neure more ther in a∣gayne. And in this maner was y^e accorde ma∣de bytwene kynge Henry & Lowys. And tho was Lowys assoylled of the popes Legate / y^e was called Swalo of the sentēce that he was in / & the Barons of Englonde also. And after thys kynge Henry & Swalo the Legate & Lo∣wys went to Merton & there was the peas cō¦fermed / & bytwene them ordeyned. And after Lowys wente from thens vnto London & to∣ke his leue & was brought with moche honour vnto the see with the Archebysshop of Caun∣terbury and with other bysshops / & also wyth erles and barons / and so went in to Fraunce. ¶And after warde the kynge & the Archebys∣shop / and also erles & barons assembled them and came to the cyte of London att Myghel∣mas that nexte came tho sewynge and helde there a grete parlament at London / And the∣re were tho reuewed all the fraūchyse y^e kyng Iohn̄ had graunted / at Romney mede \ & kyn∣ge Henry tho confermed by hys chartre / the whiche yet ben holden thrugh out all Englon¦de. ¶And in that tyme the kyng toke of euery plough lōde .ii. shleynges / & Hubert of Brugh was made tho cheyf Iustyce of Englond And this was in the fourth yere of kynge Henryes regne ¶And in the same yere was saynt Tho¦mas of Caunterbury translated the .l. yere af∣ter his martyrdome. And after it was ordey∣ned by all the lordes of Englonde / that all Aly¦ens solde go out of Englonde / and come nomo¦re therin. And kynge Henry toke tho all the ca∣stelles in to his honde / y^e kynge Iohan his fa∣der had yeue & take to Alyens for to kepe y^t hel¦de with hym. ¶But the proude Fawkys of Brytayn rychely lete araye his castell of Bed¦forde / whiche he had of kynge Iohn̄s yefte / & helde that castell ayenst kynge Henryes wyll with myght and strength. And the kynge ca∣me thyder with a strong power / and besyeged the castell. And the Archebysshop mayster Ste¦phen of Langton / wyth a fayre company of knyghtes came to the kynge hym for to helpe. And from the Ascensyon of our lord vnto the Assumpcyon of our lady lasted the syege. And tho was the castell wonne & take. And the kyn∣he lete hange all tho that went in to the castell with theyr good wyll. for to holde the castell. That is for to saye .lxxx. men. ¶And tho after warde fawkys hymselfe was founde and had in a chyrche at Couentre / & there he forswore all Englonde with moche shame / and wente agayne in to his owne countree. ¶And why¦les that kynge Henry regned. Edmonde of A¦byndon / that was ••relorer of Salysbury was consecrated Archebysshop of Caunterbury. And this kynge Henry sente ouer the see vnto the erle of prouynce / that he sholde lende hym

his doughter in Englond / that was called El¦lenore / and he wolde spowse her. And tho she came in to Englond after Crystmas. And on the morowe after saynt Hylaryes daye / y^e Ar¦chebysshop Edmonde spowsed them togyder at westmestre with grete solempnyte. And the¦re was a swete syght bytwene them. That is to saye Edwarde that was nexte kynge after hys fader / floure of curteysy and of largenesse and Margarete that was after quen of Scot¦londe / and Beautrice that was after countesse of Brytayne / Katheryne that deyed mayde in relygyon.

¶Of the quinzeme of goodes that were graunted for y^e newe chartre / and of the purueaunce of Oxforde.

ANd thus it befell that y^e lordes of Eng¦londe wold haue some addycyous moo in the chartre of Fraunchyse that they had of the kynge / & spake thus bytwene them. And y^e kynge graunted them all theyr axenge. And made to them two chartres / that one is called the grete chartre of fraunchises / & that other is callad the chartre of forest. And for the graunt of these two chartres / prelates / Erles and Ba¦rons / and alle the comyns of Englonde / yaue to the kynge a thousande marke of syluer. ¶Whan kyng Henry had be kynge .xliii. yere the same yere he and his lordes / Erles and Ba¦rons of the reame wente to Oxforde / and or∣deyned a lawe in amendemente of the reame. And fyrst swore the kyng hymself / & afterwar∣de alle the lordes of the londe / that they wolde holde that statute for euermore / and who that them brake sholde be deed. But the seconde ye∣re after that y^e ordynaunce / the kynge thrugh counseyll of Edward his sone / and of Rychar¦de his brother / that was erle of Cornwaylle / & also of other repented hym of that othe that he made for to holde that lawe and ordynaūce· And sente to y^e courtre of Rome to be assoylled of that othe. And in the yere next comynge af∣ter / was the grete darth of corne in Englonde For a quarter of whete was worth .xxiiii. she∣lynges. And the poore people ete netles and o¦ther wedes for hūgre. And deyed many a thou¦sande for defawte of mete. ¶And in y^e .xlviii. yere of kynge Henryes regne began warre & debate bytwene hym & his lordes / for by cause he had broken the couenauntes that were ma∣de bytwene them at Oxforde. ¶And y^e same yere was the towne of Northamton taken / & folke slayne that were wythin / For by cause that they had ordeyned wylde fyre for to bren∣ne the cyte of London. ¶And in the monethe of Maye that the next after / vpon saynt Pan∣cras daye / was the Batayll of lewes / that is to saye / the wenesday before Saynt Dūstans daye. And there was taken kynge Henry hym self / and syr Edwarde his sone / and Rychar∣de his broder erle of Cornewaylle / and many other lordes. And in the same yere nextse wyn∣ge syr Edwarde the kynges sone brake out of the warde of syre Symonde of Mountforth / erle of Leycetre at Hertforde / and wente vn∣to the barons of the Marche / and they rceey∣ued hym with moche honour. ¶And the same tyme Gylbert of Claraunce erle of Glocetre that was in the warde also of the forsayd Sy¦mon de thorugh the commaūdement of kynge Henry / that wente fro hym wyth grete herte / for cause that he sayd / that y^e forsayd Gylbert was a foole / and helde hym with kynge Henry ¶And on the Saterdaye nexte after the myd¦des of August / syre Edwarde the kynges sone dyscomfyted syr Symonde de Mountforth ac Kelyngworth / but the greate lordes that were there with hym were takē / that is to saye. Bal¦dewyne wake. And Wyllyam de Mouchentye and many other grete lordes. And the Tewys¦daye next after was y^e batayll done at Eusbā. And there was slayne syr Symonde de Moūt¦forth. Hugh the Spenser / & Mountforth that was Raufe Bassectes fader of Drayton and other many greate lordes / And whanne thys batayll was done / all the gentylmen that had ben with the erle Symonde were dyshery••ed / and ordeyned togyder and dyde moche harme to all the londe. For they destroyed theyr enmy¦es in all that they myght.

¶Of the syege of Kenylworth & how y^e gē∣tylmen were dysheryted thorugh counseyll of the lordes of the reame of Englonde and how they came agayne and had theyr londes.

ANd the nexte yere comynge in May / the fourth day before the feest of saynt Dunstane / was the bataylle & scomfyture are Chestrefelde / of them that were dysheryted / & there was many of theym slayne· ¶And Ro¦bert Erle of Feriers there was take / and also Baldewyne wake / & Iohan delahay / with mo¦che sorowe escaped thens. And oon saynt Io¦han••

the Baptyst tho sewynge / began the syege of the castell Kenylworth / & the syege la¦sted to saynt Thomas eue the appostle. in why¦che daye syr Hugh Hastynge had the castel for to kepe / y^t yelded vp the castell vnto the kynge in this manere / that hymself & the other y^t we∣re within the castell / sholde haue theyr lyues & lymme / & as moche thynge as they had therin both hors & harneys / & foure dayes of repyte / for to delyuer clenly the castel / of them self & of all other maner thynge / as they had within y^e castell / & soo they wente fro the castell. And syr Symonde Noūtforth the yonger / & the coun¦tesse his mo•• were gone ouer y^e see in to Fraū¦ce / & there helde them as people y^t were exyled out of Englonde for euer. ¶And soone after it was ordeyned by the Legate Octobone / & by other grete lordes / the wysest of Englonde that all tho that had be ayenste the kynge and were dysheryted / sholde haue ayen theyr lon∣des by greuous raūsons / after that it was or∣deyned. And thus they were accorded with the kynge & peas cryed thorughout all Englonde and thus the warre was ended. And whan yt was done the Legate toke hys leue of the kyn∣ge & of the quene / of y^e grete lordes of Englon∣de & wente tho to Rome the .lv. yere of kynge Henryes regne •• & Edwarde kynge Iohn̄s so∣ne of Brytayne Iohan Vessi. Thomas of Cla¦re. Rogere of Clyfforde. Othes of Graūstone Robert le Brus. Iohn̄ of Verdon / and many other lordes of Englonde / and of beyonde the see toke theyr waye to warde the hooly londe. And the kynge Henry deyed in the same tyme at westmestre / whan he had regned .lv. yere & .xix. wekes / on saynt Edmonds daye the Ar∣chebysshop of Caumterbury. And he was en∣teryd on saynt Edmondes daye the kynge / in the yere of the Incarnacyon of our lorde Ihe∣su Cryste .M.CC.lxxii.

¶Prophecye of Merlyn of the kyng Henry the th•• expowned that was kynge Iohans sone.

ANd of this Hēry prophecyed Merlyn & sayd / that a lambe sholde come out of wynchestre / in the yere of y^e Incarnacyon of our lord Ihesu criste .M.CC. & .xvi. with true lyppes & holynesse wryten in his hert / And he sayd sothe / for the good Henry the kynge was borne in wynchestre / in the yere abouesayd / & he spake good wordes & swete / & was an holy man & of good consyence. And Merlyn sayd / that this Henry shold make the fayrest place of the worde / that in his tyme shold not be ful¦ly ended / & he sayd soth. For he made the newe werke of the abbaye of saynt Peters chirche at westmestre / y^t is fayrer of syght than ony o∣ther place y^t ony man knoweth thorugh out al crystendom. But kyng Henry deyed are that werke were fully at an ende / & that was grete herme. ¶And yet sayd Merlyn / y^t this lambe sholde haue peas the moost parte of hys regne And he sayd full soth / for he was neuer noyed thorugh warre / neyther dyseased in no maner wyse / a lytell afore his deth / & Merlyn sayd in his prophecye more / & in y^e regne & ende of the forsayd lambe / a wulf of a straunge londe shal do hym moche harme thorugh his warre / and that he sholde at y^e last be mayster thorugh hel∣pe of a reed foxe / that sholde come forthe of the North west & sholde hym ouercome. And that he sholde dryue hym out of the water / & y^e pro∣phecye full well was knowen. For within a ly¦tell tyme or y^e kyng deyed Symonde of Moūt∣forde Erle of Leycerre / y^t was borne in Fraun¦ce / beganne ayenste hym stronge warre / tho∣rugh whyche doynge / many a good bacheler destroyed was and deyed / and dysheryted. ¶And whan kyng•• Henry had the vyctory at Eusham / & Symonde the erle was slayne tho¦rugh helpe & myght of Gylbert of clare erle of Glocetre / that was in kepynge & warde of the forsayde Symonde / thrugh ordynaunce of kynge Henry that wente ayen vnto the kynge wyth moche power. wherfore the forsayd Sy¦monde was destroyed and that was grete har∣me to the comyns of Englonde / that so good a man was slayne for the trouth / and deyed in thar••y••e / & for the comyn profyte of the same folke / & therfore almyghty god for hym hathe syns shewed many a fayre myracle to dyuers men & wymmen of y^e sykenesse & dyscease that they haue had for the loue of hym ¶And Mer¦lyon also sayd in his prophecye / that afer that tyme / the lame sholde lyue no whyle / & thenne his seed sholde be in straunge londe wythout o¦ny pasture / and he sayd sothe / for kyng Henry lyued no whyle after that Symonde Moun∣forde was slayne / that kynge Henry ne deyed anone after hym. And in the meane tyme syre Edwarde hys sone / that was the beste kyng of the worlde ef honour / was tho in the holy lond

and gate there. Acres. And in that countree he begate there vpon dame Elenore his wyf Io∣han of Acres hys doughter / that afterwarde was countesse of Glocetre / & made suche a vy¦age in the holy londe / that all the worlde spake of his knyghthode / & euery man dradde hym hye & lowe thorughout all crystendome / as the storye of hym telleth / as afterwarde ye shall he¦re more openly. ¶And from the tyme y^t kynge Henry deyed / tyll that syr Edward was crow¦ned kynge / al the grete lordes of Englonde we¦re as faderles childern wythout ony socoure / that theym myght mayntene & gouerne / and defende ayenst theyr deedly enmyes.

GRegorius the .ix. was pope after Hono¦rius / thys man canonysed many sayn∣tes / & defended myghtely y^e chyrche ayenst Fre¦deryk / therfore the tooke many prelates & two Cardynalles / the whiche wente to counseyll a¦yenst hym This pope was segyd in the cyte of Rome by the Emperour / & he sawe the Roma¦yne were corrupte by the moneye of the Em∣perour. Thenne he toke in hys honde the hee∣des of the appostles Peter & Poule / and went with processyon fro the chyrche of saynt Iohn̄ Latranente / to saynt Peters chyrche. ¶And so he gate the hert{is} of the Romayns / & the Em¦perour went fayr a waye fro the cyte. This po¦pe made frere Ianond to compyle the fyue bo¦kes of Decretales / of many pystles and decre¦es. And after with many trybulacōns of chyp¦tyraūt and other / he decessyd and wente to he∣uen. ¶Celestinus the fourth was pope after Gregorius almoost a moneth / and he was in his lyf and in hys conynge laudable. And he was an olde man & a feble & decessyd / & there was no pope after hym almoost a .xii. month. ¶Innocenci{us} the fourth was pope after hym almoost .xi. yere & .vi. monethes / thys man ca∣nonysed many sayntes / & Frederyke the Em∣perour he deposyd as enmye vnto god in the thyrde yere that he was made pope / & he was holpe by the Ianuenc{is}. ¶Thenne was Hen∣ry the sixt chosen & wyllyam / by the popes com¦maundement ayenst Frederyk that one after an other / but they preuayled not to ouercome hys tyranny / for he was ouermyghty / ne the∣se were not crowned / for they decessyd anone. ¶Thomas de Alquine an holy doctour Alber¦tus magnus the bysshop of Ratysponens. Eu¦stacius. Bonouenture a deuoute doctour we¦re thys tyme / the whiche destroyed moche here¦sye enfected by the Emperour. ¶Alexander was pope after Innocencius .viii. yere / & lytell of hym is wryten ¶Vrbanus was after hym thre yere & thre monethes / This man droue a¦waye the host of the Sarrasyns by men mar∣ked with the crosse / the whiche Maufred had sent ayenst the chyrche / And the pope toke the kyngdome of Cecyle to the kynges brother of Fraunce / y^t he sholde fyght with Maufrede / & thenne he decessyd. And Maufrede after loste his lyf and his kyngdom bi Karolus· ¶Alphō¦sus the kynge of Castell Rychardes brother to the kynge of Englonde erle of Corne waylle / were chosen Emperours after the longe vaca¦cyon of the Empyre / for the chesers of the Em∣perour were diuyded in sondre and there was grete stryfe many yere. At the last decessyd Ry¦charde / & Alphonsus came agaye afore Grego¦rius the .ix. by the sygne of peas •• and vtterly re¦noūced all this tytle of the Empyre & he hadde ony / for he was a very wytty mā / and a noble astronemer / and hys tables ben very famous the whiche he made / for they be compendyons ¶Clemens the fourth was pope after Vrba∣nus .iii. yere & .ix· monethes this Clemēs was an holy man / & sayd thrugh the spyryte of pro∣phecy / y^t the enmyes of the chyrche shold perys¦she as the smoke. And it is to byleued that god cessyd the trybulacyons of the chyrche tho¦rugh his merytes. Thys man afore had a wyf and chyldern / and whan he was preest and af¦ter bysshop he was sente in to Englonde Le∣gate / and he no thynge knowyng was chosen pope / and after decessyd blessydly for hys ver∣tuous lyuynge. ¶Gregorias the .x. was pope after hym foure yere / after he was made pope for the desyre that he had to the holy londe. the whyche he entended to vysyte personally / a••e Londō in Fraunce he made a solempne coun¦seyll / in the wihche the counseyll of the Grekes and the Tartars were & there the Grek{is} pro¦mysed to be refourmed by the vnyte of the chir¦che. And the Tartars were but a lytell afore baytysed / & promysed the same. And there we∣re gadred .vi.C. bysshops & .M. prelates / and therfore a certayne man sayde Gregorius ga¦dred togyder all kynde of people / & there was decreed / that all persones & vycaryes shold be called preest{is} / & no prelates / & y^t no man sholde assygne his tythes to what chyrche he wolde /

and they dyed afore. But they sholde be payed to his moder chirche. And he dampned y^e plu∣ralyte of benefyces / and deyed a blessyd man. ¶Innocencius the .v. was after hym .v. mo∣nethes / & lytell he dyd. ¶Adrianus was after hym ••o monethe / & dyde lesser ¶Iohānis the .x••i. was after hym .viii. monethes / & he was in dyuers scyences a famous man / but in ma¦ners a fole & decessyd anone. ¶Nicholaus the thyrd was pope after Iohn̄ oo yere. Thys mā was in his dayes in buldynge a noble man. & well gouerned the cyte all his dayes. & the secō¦de yere he decessyd. ¶Radulphus was Empe¦rour .xviii yere / this man was Erle of Hane∣brough a wyse mā in armes / noble and vycto¦ryous & was chosen at Basyle· And he toke y^e crosse on hym for the holy londe. Thimperyall blessynge he had not / but the pope alowed the eleccyon for fauour of the holy londe:

¶Anno dm̄ .M.CC.lxxiiii.

MAr••inus y^e .iiii. was pope after Nycho¦laus .iiii. yere. thys man was a grete lo¦uer of relygyous men / & great attendynge to vertuous werkes. Thys man cursyd the Em¦perour of Constantynople / in so moche as he promysed for to torme to the fayth in the gene∣rall counseyl▪ and dyde not / for the whyche he suffred many passyons & all holy chyrche. Also he cursyd the kyng of Aragon / for he expulsyd the kyng of Cecyle fro his kyngdome. And af∣ter he had done many bataylles ayenst men of mysbyleue & many trybulacōns suffred / he de¦cessyd & dyd many miracles. ¶Nychola{us} deli¦ra a noble douctour of dyuyte was thys tyme at Parys this man was a Iewe of nacyon / & he was cōuerted & myghtely profyted in the or¦dre of frere Mynours. & he wrote ouer all the Byble. Grelles he was in the yere of our lord .M·CCC.xxx. & some man say he was a Bra¦ban & y^t his fader & his moder were crystne but for pouerte he vysyted y^e scole of y^e Iewes / & so he lerned the Iewes langage or elles thys Ny¦chola{us} was informed of the Iewes in hys yon¦ge aege. ¶Honorius y^e fourth was pope after Martyn{us} two yere / & lytell of hym ys wryten / but that he was a temperat man & a dyscerte. ¶Nicholaus the fourth was pope after hym foure yere / this man was a frere Mynor / & al¦though he was a good man in himself / yet ma¦ny vnhappy / thynges fell in his tyme to y^e chir¦che. For many a batayll was in y^e cyte thrugh his occasyon / for he drewe to moche to the one parte. And after hym thre was no pope two ye¦re and .vi. monethes.

¶How kynge Edwarde that was kynge Henryes sone.

ANd after this kyng Henry regned Ed¦warde hys sone the worthyes knyght of the worlde in honour / for goddes grace was in hym / for he had the vyctorye of hys enmyes & as soone as hys fader was deed / he came to London with a noble company of prelates / er¦les and barons / and all mē dyd hym moche ho¦nour. For in euery place y^e syr Edwarde rode in London / the stretes were couered ouer hys heed with sylke of tapiscery / and other riche co¦uerynges. And for Ioye of his comynge / the burgeys of the Cyte caste out at theyr wyndo∣wes golde and syluer hondes full / in tokenyn∣ge of loue and worshyp / seruyce and reueren¦ce. And out of condyte of Chepe ranne whyte wyne and reed / as stremes both of the water / and euery man dranke therof y^e wolde at theyr owne wyll. & this kyng Edwarde was crow∣ned and enoynted as ryght heyer of Englonde with moche honour. And after masse y^e kynge wente in to his place to holde a ryall feest amō¦ge them that dyde hym honour. And whan he was sette to meete / The kynge Alexander of Scotlonde came to do hym honour and reue∣rence / with a q••eyntesye & an hondred knygh∣tes with hym well horsyd & arayde. And whan they were alyght of theyr stedes / they lete the∣ym go whether they wolde / & who that myght take them tooke at theyr owne wyll / wythout ony chalenge·r And after came syre Edmonde kynge Edwardes brother a curteys knyght & a gentyll of renowne / & the erle of Corne wayll¦le / and the erle of Glocestre. And after thenne came the erle of Penbroke / & the erle of Garen¦ne. And eche of them by themself ladde in the¦yr honde an hondred knyghtes gayly dysgysed in theyr armes. And whan they were alygh∣ted of theyr horses / they lete them go whether that they welde / & who y^t myght them catche / them to haue styll without ony chalenge. And whan all this was done / kyng Edwarde dyde his dylygence & his myghte for to amende and dresse the wronges in the beste manere that he myght to the honour of god & holy chyrche / & to mayntene his honoure / and to amende the noyannce of the comyn people.

¶How ydeyne that was Lewelyns dough¦ter of walys / prynce Aymer / that was y^e erles brother of Moūforde were taken in the see.

THe fyrste afterwarde y^e kynge Edwar¦de was crowned Lewelyn prynce of wales sent in to Faraunce to the erle Moūfor∣de / that thorough coūseyl of his frendes / y^e erle sholde wedde his doughter. And the erle tho a¦uysed hym vpō this thynge / and sent vnto Le∣welyn and sayd. that he wolde sende after hys doughter. & so he sent Aymer his broder after the damoysell. & Lewelyn arayed shyphes for his doughter and for Syre Aymer. and for her faare company that sholde goo with her. And this Lewelyn dyd grete wronge. for it was co¦uenaūted that he sholde yeue hys doughter to no manere man / without counsell & consente of kyng Edwarde. And so it befell that a Bur¦geys of Brystow came in the see with wyne la¦den. and mette them & toke them with myght and power. And anone the Burgeys sent the¦ym to the kyng. And whan Lewely herde this tydynges he was very wroth / and also sorow¦full· and gan to warre vpon kynge Edwarde and dyde moche harme vnto Englysshmen / and bete downe y^e kynges castels / and began for to destroye kynge Edwardes londe. And whā tydynges cam vnto y^e kyng of this thyng he wente in to walys and so moche he dyde tho¦rough goddes grace and his grete power that he drofe Lewelyn vnto grete myschyef / that he fledde all maner of strength & came & yelded hym vnto kyng Edwarde. & yaue hym .l. mar¦ke of syluer to haue peas. And toke the damoy¦sell & all his herytage. & made an oblygacōn to kynge Edwarde to come to his parlyamente two tymes of the yere And in the seconde yere after that kynge Edwarde was crowned / he helde a generall parleamente att westmestre / & there he made the statutes for defaute of lawe by the comune assent of all his baronage / and at Ester nexte sewenge / the kynge sente by his letter vnto Lewelyn prynce of wales that he sholde come to his parlemēt for his londe / and for hys holdynge in wales / as the strenthe of his letter oblygatory wytnessyd. Tho Lewe¦lyn had scorne and dyspyte of the kynges com∣maundement / And for pure wrache ayen be∣gan warre vpon kyng Edwarde. and destroy∣ed his londe. And tho whan kynge Edwarde herd of these tydynges / he wexed wonder wro¦the vnto Lewelyn & in hast assembled his peo¦ple / & went hym to warde wales. And warred so vpon Lewelyn the prynce / tyll that he brou∣ghte hym in moche sorowe & dysease. And Le¦welyn sawe that is defence myghte hym not auaylle / and came ayen / and yelded hym to y^e kynges grace / & cryed hym mercye. and longe tyme kneled before the kynges fote. The kyn∣ge had of hym pyte / & cōmaunded hym for to aryse. And for his mekenes foryaue hym hys wrathe / and to hym sayd / that yf he trespassed to hym a nother tyme that he wolde dystroye hym for euermore. ¶Dauid that was Lewe¦lyns brother that same tyme dwelled with kyn¦ge Edwarde / and was a felle man and a sub∣tyll and enuyous and also ferre castynge / and moche treason thoughte· and euermore made good semblame / and semyd soo true that noo man myght perceyue his falsnes.

¶How Lewelyn thrugh eggynge of his bro¦ther Dauyd werryd agayn vpō kȳg Edward

IT was not longe after that tyme y^e kyn∣ge Edwarde yaaf to Dauyd Lewelyns broder the lordshyppe of Frodesham. & made hym a knyght and so moche honour dyde he ne¦uer after to mā of walys by cause of hym kyn∣ge Edwarde helde his parlemente at London whan he hadde do in walys that he wolde and chaunged his moneye / that was full yll kytte / wherfore the people playned sore. So that the kynge enquered of the trespassours. And thre houndred were atteynted of suche maner fals∣nes / wherfore some where hanged and somme drawen and after hangyd. ¶And after¦warde the kynge ordeyned / that the sterlynge halfpeny sholde go thorugh out all hys londe / And commaūded that no man fro that daye af¦terwarde yaue ne feoffed hous of religyō with londe / tenemente without specyall leue of the kynge. And he y^t dyde sholde be punysshed att the kynges wyll / & the yeft shall be for nought. And it was not longe after y^e Lewelyn prynce of walys thrugh the tycemente of Dauyd hys brother / & bothe theyr consente / they thought to dysheryte kynge Edwarde / in asmoche as they myght / so that thorugh them both y^e kyn∣ges peas was broken. And whan kynge Ed¦warde herde of this / anon he sent his barons in to Northumberlonde & the Surreys also / y^t they sholde go & take theyr vyage vpon y^e tray∣tours Lewelyn & Dauyd. And wonder herde

it was for to warre tho / For it is wynter ī wa¦lys / whan in other coūtres is Somer. And Le¦welyn lete ordeyne & well arayed & vytayll hys good castell of Swandon. and was ther in an huge nombre of people / & plente of vytaylles so that kynge Edwarde wyst not wher for to entre And whan the kynges men it perceyuer and also the strenth of walys they lete come in the see bargees & botes. and grete plankys as many as they myght ordeyne & haue: for to go to the sayd castell of Swandon. wyth men on foot & also on hors. But the walsshmen had so moche people / & were so stronge. that they dra¦ue the Englysshmen ayen / so y^t ther was so mo¦che presse of people at y^e tornynge ayen that y^e charge & the burden of men made y^e bargees & the botes to synke & there was drowned many a good kynght / y^t is to say. syr Robert Clyfford syr wyllyam of Lyndeseye y^t was· syre Iohn̄s sone Fitz Robert. & syr Rychard Tanny and ā huge nombre of other / & all was thrugh there owne foly. For yf they had had good espyes / they had not be harmyd. whan kynge Edwar¦de herde tell that hys people were so drowned▪ He made sorowe ynough. but tho came syr Io¦han of Vessy frome the kynge▪ Aragon. And brought wyth hym moche people of bachelers and of Gascoynes / and were souldyurs. And dwelled with the sayde Iohn of Vessy & recey∣ued of hym wages and with hym were withol¦de. and noble men they were for to fyght and brente many townes / & slewe moche people of walsshmen. All that they myght take. And all tho wyth strenth & myght made assawte vnto the castell of Swandon and gate the castell / And whan Dauyd the prence brother herde of this tydynges he ordeyned hym to flyght and Lewelyn the prynce sawe that his broder was fledde / then he was sore abasshed for he had no power to his warre for to mayntene. And soo Lewelyn gan for to flee / and wynde well for to haue scapedde. But in a morowe syre Roger mortymer mette wyth hym oonly wyth .x. kny¦ghtes. And sette hym rounde aboute. And to hym went / & smote of hys heed / & presented y^e same heed vnto kynge Edwarde. And in thys manere Lewelyn the prynce of walys was ta¦ken / and hys heed smyten of / and also alle hys heyres dysheryted for euermore thrugh ryght full dome of all the lordes of the reame.

¶How Dauyd that was Lewelyns bro∣der prynce of walys was put to dethe.

DAuid that was the prynces broder of walys / thrugh pryde wende to haue be prynce of walys / after his brothers dethe / and vpon this he sent after walsshemen to hys par∣leament at Dynbygh and folysshely made wa¦lys to aryse ayenst the kynge and began to me¦ue warre ayenst kynge Edwarde and dyde all the sorowe and dysease that he myghte by hys power. whan kynge Edwarde herde of thys thynge / he ordeyned men to pursewe vppon hym. And Dauyd fyersly hym defended / tyll y^e he came to the towned of saynt Morice / and there was Dauyd take as he fledde. and ladde to the kynge. And the kynge cōmaunded that he sholde be hangyd & drawen / & smyte of hys heed / & quarter hym / & sende his hede to Lon∣don and the foure quarters sende to the foure chyef townes of walys. For they sholde take ensample therof and beware. And afterwarde kynge Edwarde lete crye his peas thrugh out all walles & seased all the londe in to his honde & all the grete lordes that were left alyue came to do feaute & homage to the kynge Edwarde as to theyr kynde lorde / And tho lete kyng Ed¦warde amende the lawes of walys that were defectyue And he sent to all y^e lordes of walys by letter patentes / that they sholde come all to parlament And whan they were come y^u kyng sayd to them full curteysly lordynges ye be wel¦come / & me behoueth your counseyll & your hel¦pe for to go vnto Gascoyne for to amende the trespasse y^t to me was done whan I was there And for to entreate of peas bytwene the kynge of Aragon & the prynce of Morrey / & all y^e kyn¦ges lyege men erles & barons cōsented & graū∣ted therto. And tho made hym kynge Edwar¦de redy & went in to Gascoyne. & lete amende all the trespasses y^t hym was done in Gascoy¦ne. And of the debate y^t bytwene the kynge of Aragon & the prynce of Morrey he sessyd and made theym accorded. And whyle good kyng Edwarde and Elynore his wyf were in Gas∣coyne. The good erle of Cornewayll was ma¦de wardeyn of Englonde tyll that kynge Ed¦warde came ayen. And tho enquered he of hys traytours y^t coniected falsenesse agaynst hym. And eche of them all receyued ther dome after that they had deserue. But in the meane tyme

that the good kynge Edwarde was beyonde the see to doo / them for to make amendes that ayenst hym had trespassyd ther was a false the yf / a traytoure that was called Rysap Mery¦dok / began for to make werre ayenst kyng Ed¦warde. and y^t was for cause of syr payne Typ¦tot. wrongfully greued & dysceased the forsayde Rysap meradok. And whan kyng Edwarde herde all this matere & it well vnderstode ano∣ne he sente by hys letter pryue seale to the for∣sayd Rebellyō Rysap Merydok that he sholde begynne in no maner wyse for to make & reyse werre but y^t he sholde be in peas for his loue / & whan he came ayen in to Englonde he wolde vnder take the quarell & amende al y^t was mys¦don. This forsayd Rysap Merydok dyspysed the kynges commaundement and spared not to doo all the sorowe that he myght to the kyn∣ges men of Englond But anon after he was take and ladde to yorke / and there he was dra∣wen and hangyd for his felonye.

¶Of dressyng that kynge Edwarde made of his Iustic{is} and of his clerkes that they had done for ther falsnes and how he draue the Ie¦wes out of Englonde for ther vsury and mys∣byleue.

AS kynge Edwarde had dwelled thre yere in Gascoyne a desyre came to him for to goo in to Englonde ayen. And whan he was come ayen he foūde so many playntes ma¦de to hym of his Iustyces & of his clerkes that had done so many wronges & falsnesse y^t won∣der it was to here and for whiche falsnesse syre Thomas waylond y^e kynges Iustyce / for swo¦re Englonde at the toure of London / for fals∣nesse that mē put vpon hym / wherfore he was atteynt / & proued fals· And anone after whan the kyng had done his wyll of the Iustices tho lete he enquere & espye how the Iewes dyscey∣ued and begyled his people / thorugh the synne of falsnesse and of vsury. And lete ordeyne a preuy parlement amonge his lordes. And they ordeyned amonge theym / that all the Iewes sholde voyde out of Englonde for theyr mys∣byleue / and also for theyr fals vsury that they dyde vnto crysten men. And for to spedde and make an ende of this thynge / all the comyn al¦te of Englonde yaue vnto the kynge the .xv. peny of all theyr goodes meuable / and soo we∣re the Iewes dryuen oute of Englonde. And tho went the Iewes in to Fraunce. And there they dwellyd / thorugh leue of kynge Phylyp that tho. was kynge of Fraunce.

¶How kynge Edwarde was seased in alle the londe of Scotlonde through cōsente and graunte of all the lordes of Scotlonde·

IT was not longe after that Alexandre kynge of Scotlonde was dede / and Da∣uyd the erle of Huntyngdon that was the kyn¦ges brother of Scotlonde axed & claymed the kyngdom of Scotlond after his brother was deed for cause y^t he was ryghtfull heyre / But many grete lordes sayd nay. Wherfore greate debate arose bytwene theym & there frēdes for asmoche as they wolde not consente to hys co∣ronacyon / and the meane tyme the forsayd Da¦uyd deyed / & so it befell that y^e sayd Dauyd had thre doughters y^t worthyly were maryed / the fyrst doughter was maryed to Bayloll / the se¦conde to Brus / and the thyrde to Hastynges. The forsayd Bayloll & Brus chalenged y^e lon∣de of Scotlonde / & greate debate & stryf arose bytwene them by cause eche of them wolde ha∣ue be kynge· And whan the lordes of Scotlon¦de saw the debate bytwene them / came to kyn¦ge Edwarde of Englonde. & seased hym in all the londe of Scotlond as chyef lord. & whā the kyng was seased of y^e forsayd lordes y^e forsayd Baylol Brus & Hastinges came to the kynges courte axyd of the kyng whyche of them shold be kynge of Scotlonde And kyng Edwarde y^e full gentyll & true / lete enquyre by the Crony∣cles of Scotlonde / and of the gretest lordes of Scotlonde / whiche of them was of the eldest blood. And it was foūde that Baylol / was the eldest. And that y^e kyng of Scotlond sholde hol¦de of the kynge of Englonde / & do hym frauce and homage. And after this was done Baylol went in to Scotlōde / and there was crowyed kynge of Scotlonde. ¶And y^e same tyme was vpon the see grete warre bytwene the Englys¦shemen and the Normans But vpō a tyme the Normans arryued all at Douer. and ther they martred an holy mā that was called Thomas of Douer / And afterwarde were the Normās slayne. that there escaped not one of thē ¶And so afterwarde kynge Edwarde sholde lete the duchye of Gascoyne thrugh kynge phylyp of Fraūce thrugh his fals castynge of the Douse¦pers of the londe / wherfore syr Edmond that was kynge Edwardes brother yaue vp his do¦mage vnto the kynge of Fraūce. ¶And in the

tyme the clerkes of Englond graunted to kyn¦ge Edwarde half ••eale of holy chirche goodes in helpynge to recouer his londe agayne in gas¦coyne. And the kyng sent thether a noble com¦pany of hys bachelers. And hymself wolde ha∣ue gone to Portelmouth / but he was let thru∣ghe one maddok of walys y^t had seased the cas∣tell of Swandon in to his honde & for that cau¦se the kynge torned to walys at Cristmasse / & by cause that the noble lord{is} of Englond y^t we¦re sent in to Gascoyne had no comforth of the¦re lorde the kynge they were take of syr Char∣lys of Fraūce / y^t is to say / syr Iohn̄ of brytay∣ne / syr Robert Tiptot / syr Raufe Tanny / syr Hugh Bardolfe / and syr Adam of Cretynge / And yet att the assensyon was Maddok take in walys & a nother that was called Morgan And they were sent to the tour of London and there they were byheded.

¶How Syre Iohan Baylol kyng of Scot¦londe with sayde his homage.

ANd whan syre Iohn̄ Baylol kynge of Scotlonde vnderstande y^e kynge Ed∣warde was werred in Gascoyne / to whom y^e reame of Scotlond was delyuerd / Falsly tho ayenst his othe with sayd his homage thrugh procurynge of his folke & sent vnto y^e court of Rome thrugh a fals suggestyon to be assoylled of that othe y^t he swore vnto the kyng of Eng∣londe & soo he was by letter enbulled. ¶Tho chose they of Scotlonde dousepers / for to br∣nyge Edward of his ryght. ¶And in y^e tyme came two Cardynalles from y^e cource of Ro∣me fro the pope Celestme / to trete of acorde by¦twene y^e kyng of Englōd. & as tho cardinalles spake of accorde. Thā as turbeluyll was takē at Lyons & made homage to the warde of Pa∣rys & put his sones in hostage / & thought to go in to Englonde aspye the countre / & tell them whan he came to Englond that he had broken the kynges pryson of Fraunce by ryght & said that he wolde do y^t all Englysshmen & walshe∣men sholde aboute the kynge for to brynge to the ende he swore / & vpon thys couenaunt de∣des were made bytwene them / & that he sholde haue by yere a thousand poūdes worth of lon¦de. to byrnge this thynge to an ende. This fals traytour toke his leue / & wente thens & came in to Englonde vnto the kynge & seyd. that he was broke oute of pryson & y^t he had put hym in suche peryll for his loue wherfore the kyng cowde hym moche thanke & full gladde was of his comynge. ¶And the fals traytoure fro that daye / aspyed all the doynge of the kynge & also his counselle / for the kyng loued hym full welle and with hym full preuy But clerke of Englonde / that was in the kynges hows of Fraunce: herde of this treason / and of the fals¦nesse / and wrote to another clerke / that tho was dwellynge with Edwarde kynge of Eng¦londe. all how Thomas Turbeluyll hadde do¦ne his fals c••niectynge / and all the counselle of Englonde was wryte for to haue sende vn∣to the kynge of Fraunce. ¶And thoruhhe the forsayde letter that the clerke hadde sente fro Fraunce it was founde vppon. wherfore he was ledde to London and hangyd and dra¦we there for his treason. And hys two sones that he hadde put in Fraunce for hostage. were thenne beheeded.

¶Of the Conquest of Berwyke.

SO whan the twoo Cardynalles were gone agayne in to Fraunce for to trete of the peas of cambroy the kynge sent thether of his erles and barons. This is to saye syr Ed¦monde his broder erle of Lancastre and of Le¦cetre / syr Henry Lacy erle of Nychol / & Wylly¦am Vessy Baron / and of other baronettes. a∣boute .xiii. of the best and wysest of Englonde ¶And in the same tyme the kynge Edwarde toke his vyage to Scotlonde / for to werre vp¦on Iohn̄ Baylol kynge of Scotlonde. ¶And syr Robert Roos of Berwyk sledde fro y^e En¦glysshmen / & wente to the Scottes. And kyng Edwarde wente hym towarde Berwyk / and besegyd the towne. And tho that were within manly them defended & sette a fyre and brente two of Kynge Edwardes shyppes / and sayde in dyspyte and reprey•• of hym (wenyth kyn¦ge Edwarde with his longe shankys / to haue gete Berewyk all our vnthankes gas pykes hym / and whan he was doon gas dykes hym) whan kyng Edwarde thys scorne / anone tho¦rugh hys myghtenesse / he passed ouer the dy∣ches and assaylled the towne / and came to the yates / and gate and conquered the towne / and thrughe hys gracyous power slewe .xxv. thou∣sande and .vii. hondred scottes. and Kynge Ed¦warde loste no man of renoune saufe syr Ry∣charde of Cornewayle. and hym kylled a Fle¦mynge out of the redde halle with a quarell as the forsayd Rycharde dyde of hys helme. And

comaunded theym for to yelde them / and put them in the kynges grace. And y^e Scottes wol¦de not wherfore that halle was brent and cast downe. And all tho that were therin were bren¦te and kynge Edwarde loste noo moo men at that vyage of symple estate but .xxvii. Englys∣shemen. And the wardeyn of the castell yaue vp the keyes of y^e castell wythout ony assawte And there was taken syre Wyllyam Douglas Symonde Frysell and the erle patryk yelded them to the peas. But Ingham of Humbres∣mylle & Robert the Brus that were with kyn¦ge Edwarde forsoke kynge Edwarde and hel¦de with the Scottes. And afterward they we¦re taken and put in to pryson And tho lete kyn¦he Edwarde close in Berwyk wyth walles & with dyches / and after Robert Rous went to Tyndale / and sette wuyerbrydge a fyre and Exham / and Lamerstok and slewe and rob∣byd the folke of the countree. And after that he wente fro thens to Dunbarre. And the fyrste wenesdaye of Marche the kynge sent the erle of Garenne. syr Hugh Percy and syre Hugh Spenser wyth a fayre company for to besege the castell. But one that was called syre Ry∣charde Sywarde a traytoure and a fals man ymagyned for to begyle the Englysshmē / and sente to the Englysshmen theym for to deseey∣ue / and sayd / That he wolde yelde to theym y^e castell. yf they wolde graunt them .viii. dayes of respyce / that he myhht sende and telle to syr Iohan Bayloll that was kynge of Scotlonde how is men fared that were within the castell. ¶And hym worde but yf he wolde remeue the sege of the Englysse men / that they wolde yel∣de that castell vnto the Englysshe men. ¶The messenger tho came to syr Iohan Baylol that tho was kynge of Scotlōde where that he was wyth his hooste / and the messenger tolde hym all the caas / And syr Iohan toke his hoste and came on the morowe erly towarde the castell. and syr Rycharde sywarde sawe hym come y^t was mayster of the counseyll and keper of the castell and sayd vnto the Englyssgmen O say¦de he. now I see a fayre company and well ap¦parelled I wyll goo ayenste theym / and wyth them to mete / and theym assaylle. And syr Hu∣ghe Spenser sawe the falsnesse of hym· and y^e treson· And sayd to hym O traytour take and proue your falsnesse shalle not auaylle you. And Hughe Spenser commaunded anone to bynde hym. And all in hast wente ayenst ther enmyes / and slewe of Scottes .xxii. thousand. For the Scottes had that tyme no man wyth them of honour saufe Patryke Graham that manly foughte / and longe at the laste he was slayne. And tho sayde the Englysshmen in re¦preyf of the Scottes (Thyse scaterande Scot¦tes holde I for sottes of wrenches vn ware. Erly in a mornynge in an euyll tymynge wen∣te ye fro Dūbare. ¶As tho that ware within the castell sawe the scomfyture they yelded vp the castell vnto the Englysshmen. And boun¦de theyr bodyes godes & castels to kynge Ed∣warde. And soo there were take in that castell thre erles .vii. barons / and .xxxviii. knyghtes & xi. clerkes / and .vii. Pycardys and all were presentyd to kynge Edwarde And he sente thē to the towre of London to be kepte.

¶How kynge Edwarde of his greate gra¦ce delyuered ayen the Scottes oute of pryson that were cheyftayns of that londe and they drewe them to the Frensshemen thrugh coun∣seyll of Wyllyam waleys.

AS kynge Edwarde had made tho an ende of y^e werre. and taken the chey••••e∣yns of Scotlonde. tho came syr Iohan Baylol and yelded hym vnto kynge Edwarde & put hym in his grace and he was ledde to London and whan kyng Edwarde was come thether they were brough before hym / And the kynge axed howe they wolde make amendes of the trespaas and losse that they had doon to hym and they put theym in his mercy. Lordynges sayde the kynge I wyll not of your londes ne your goodes / but I wyll that ye make to me an othe vpō goddys body to be true to me and neuer after this tyme ayenst me bere armys▪ And all they consentyd to the kynges wyl and swore vpon goddys body. That is to saye syr Iohn̄ of Comyn. the erle of Scra••hron / the er¦le of Carryk / and also foure bysshops vnder∣toke for all the clergye and so the kynge dely∣uered thē / and yaue them sauf conduyce to go in to ther owne londe. And it was not longe af¦terwarde that they ne aryse ayenst kynge Ed∣warde / for cause that they wyst well that kyn¦ge Edwardes folke was take / in Gascoyne / as before is sayd But syr Iohn̄ Bayloll kynge of Scotlonde wyste well. that his londe sholde haue sorowe and shame / for theyr falsnesse· And in hast wēte hym ouer the see to his owne

londes and there he helde hym and came neuer ayen wherfore the Scottes chose vnto theyr kynge wyllyam waleys / a rybaude & an har∣lot comen vp of nought / and moche harme dy¦de to Englysshmen and kyng Edwarde thou¦ghte how he myght haue delyueraunce of his peple that were take in Gascoyne. And ī hast wente hym ouer the see in to Flaunders for to werre vpon the kyng of Fraūce. And the erle of Flaunders receyued hym wyth moche ho∣nour and grayntyd hym all his londys at hys owne wyll. And whan the kynge of Fraunce herde telle the kyng of Englonde was aryued in Flaundres and came wyth a greate power hym for to dystroye. He prayed hym of trewes for two yere / so that the Englysshe marchaun∣tes & also Frenche myght saufly go and come in bothe sydes. The kynge Edwarde graūted ••••. so that he muste haue his men out of pryson that were in Gascoyne & the kynge of Fraun¦ce anone graunted and so they were delyuerd. ¶And in y^e same tyme the Scottes sente by y^e bysshop of saynt andrewes in to Fraūce to the kynge & to syr Charles his brother. y^e syr Char¦les sholde come wyth hys power and they of Scotlōde wolde come with theyr power / and so they sholde go in to Englonde / that loude to dystroye from Scotlonde vnto they came to ••ente. & the Scottes trustyd moche vpon the Frēsshmen but of y^e thyng they had no maner graūt & neuertheles y^e Scottes beg to robbe & kylle in Northūberlond / & dyd moche harme.

¶How wyllyam waleys lete reyse y^e londe of Scotlonde as cheyf lorde. And syr Hugh of Cressynham & of the batayll of Fonkyrke.

AS tydynges was come to kynge Ed∣warde that wyllyam walys had ordey¦ned suche a stronge power. And also that alle Scotlonde to hym was attendaunt & redy for to slee Englysshmen and to dystroye the londe he was sore anoyed / and sente anone by letter to therle of Garrenne / to syr Henry Percy / & to wyllyam Latomer / & to syr Hughe of Cres∣synham his tresoroer. that they sholde take po¦wer / and go in to Northumberlonde. and soo forth in to Scotlōde. For to kepe the countres and whan wyllyam waleys herde of theyr cō¦mynge. He began to flee and the Englysshmen hym folowed & dr••ue hym tyll he cam to Stry¦uelyn & there he helde hym in the castell. And the walsshmen euery daye them escryed & me∣nacyed / and dyde all the dyspyte that they my∣ghte soo that Englysshmen vpon a tyme in a mornynge went out fro the castell / the moūte¦naunce of .x. myles / and passed ouer a brydge & william waleys came with a strōg power / & droue them abak / for the Englysshmen had a¦yenst hym noo power tho but fledde. and they that myght take the brydge scaped. but syr hu¦ghe the kyngs tresorer there was slayne / and many other also / wherfore was made moche sorowe. ¶Tho had kynge Edwarde sped all hys maters in Flaūdres / and was come ayen in to Englonde / and in haste toke his waye in to Scotlonde / and came theder at the Ascen¦cyon tyde. And all that he founde he sette a fy¦re and brente / But the poore people of Scot¦londe came to hym wonder thyck and prayed hym for goddys loue / that he wold on them ha¦ue Mercy & pyte tho the kynge cōmaunded y^t no man sholde doo them harme y^t were yolden to hym / ne to no man of ordre ne to no hous of relygyon / ne no manere chyrche. but lete espye all that he myght where y^t he myght fynde ony of his enmyes tho came a spye vnto the kynge & tolde where that y^e Scottes were assembled to abyde bataylle. And on saynt Mary Maw¦delyns daye / y^e kynge came to Fonkyrk and ya¦ue bataylle to the Scottes and at that bataylle were slayne .xxx. thousande Scottes / and of Englysshemen .xviii. and no mo. Of the why¦che was a worthy knyght slayne y^t was a kny∣ghte hospytelere that was callyd Frery bryan Iay. For whan Wyllyam waleys fledde from the batayll that same Frery bryan hym purse¦wed fyersly / & as his hors ranne it stert in a mi¦re of a marys vp to the bely And Wyllyam wa¦leys torned tho agayne and there slewe the for¦sayde bryan. & that was moche harme. ¶And that whyle kynge Edwarde wente thorugh Scotlonde / for to enquere yf he myght fynde ony of hys enmyes. And in that londe he dwel¦led / as longe as hym lyked / And there was no enmye that durst hym abyde. ¶And soone af¦ter Kynge Edwarde wente to Southampton for he wolde not abyde / in Scotlonde in wyn¦ter season / for esement of his people And whan he came to London / he lete amende many mys¦dedys that were done ayenst his peas and law¦es he beynge in Flaundres.

¶Of y^e laste maryage of kȳge Edwarde / & howe he wente y^e thyrde tyme in to Scotlōde.

ANd after it was ordeyned thrughe the courte of Rome / that kynge Edwarde sholde wedde dame Margarete / that was kyn¦ge Phylyp syster of Fraunce. And the Arche∣bysshop Robert of wynchelse spowsed them to gyders / thrugh the whiche Maryage there was made peas· bytwene kynge Edwarde of Englonde and kynge Phylyp of Fraunce. ¶Kynge Edwarde went tho the thyrde tyme in to Scotlonde & tho within the fyrste yere he had enfamyned the londe / so that he lefte not one that he ne came to hys mercye. sauf suche as were in the castell of Estreuelyn that welle were vytaylled and stored for .vii. yere.

¶How the castell of Estrefelyn was be seged and wonne.

Kynge Edward came to y^e castell of Estre¦uelyn with a huge power & beseged the castell / but it lytell auaylled. for he myhht doo the Scoctes no harme / for the castell was soo stronge & well kept. & kyng Edwarde sayde y^e & bethought hym vpon a queyntesy· and let ma∣ke anon two payr of hygh galowes before the tour of the castell. & made his othe that as ma∣ny as were within the castell. Notwithoutstan¦dynge were he Erle of Baron / & he were take wyth strength but yf he wolde the rather hym yelde / he sholde be hangyd vpon the same ga∣lowes. And whan tho that were within the cas¦tell herde this. they came & yelde them all to the kynges grace & mercy / & the kynge for yaf thē all his male talent & there were all the grete lor¦des of Sfotlonde swore to kynge Edwarde / that they sholde come to London to euery par¦lement & shode stonde to his ordynance.

¶How Troylebaston was fyrste ordened.

THe kynge Edwarde went thens to lon∣don & wende to haue had rest & peas of hys warre in whiche werre he was occupyed .xx. yere. that is to saye in Gascoyne in walys & in Scotlonde / and thought how he myght re∣couer hys tresour y^t he had spended aboute hys werre / & lette enquere thrugh the reame of alle the tyme that he had be oute of hys reame that men called Troylebaston and ordeyned therto Iustyces / and in thys manere he recouered tre¦soure without nombre: And hys purpose was for to haue goon in to the hooly londe / to haue werred vpon goddes enmyes by cause he was crossyd lōge tȳe before And neuertheles y^e law that he had ordeyned dyd moche good thrugh out all Englonde to them that were mysbode For tho y^e trespassed were well chastysed. and after more meke & better & y^e pore comyns were in reste and peas And the same tyme kynge Ed¦warde prysoned his owne sone Edwarde / by cause that Walter of Lanton bysshop of Ches¦tre / that was the kynges tresorer had complay¦ned on hym & sayd the forsayd Edwarde thru¦ghe coūsell & entysynge of one Ganastō asquy¦re of Gascoyne had broke the park{is} of the for¦sayd bysshop. And thys Peers counselyd and ladde the same Edwarde and for that cause the kynge e••yled his sone out of Englonde.

¶Of the dethe of Wyllyam waleys the fals traytoure.

ANd whan thys kynge Edwarde had hys enemyes ouercome in walys Gas¦coyne and Scotlonde and dystroyed hys tray¦tours / all but only that rybaude Wyllyam ••¦les / that neuer the kynge wolde hym yelde and at the towne of saynt Dominyk. in the yere of kynge Edwarde regne .xxxiii. y^e fals traytour was take and presentyd to the kynge. But the kyng wolde not see hym / but sent hym to Lon¦don to receyue his Iugement: and vpon saynt Barthylmewes eue was he hangyd and dra∣we / & his hede smyte of & his bowelles take out of his body and brente & hys body quartered and sent vnto four of the best townes of Scot¦londe / and hys heed put vpon a spere▪ and lete vpon London brydge. In ensample 〈◊〉〈◊〉 the Scottes sholde haue in mynde for to do a mys¦se ayenst theyr lyege lorde eftsones.

¶How the Scottes came to kynge Ed¦warde for to amēde theyr trespasse that they had done ayenst hym.

ANd at Myghelmas tho nexe comyng kynge Edwarde helde hys parlament at westmestre / & thyder came y^e Scottes that is to saye the bysshop of saynt Andreas: Ro∣berte the Brus erle of caryk. Symonde Fry∣sell / Iohan the erle of Athell & they were accor¦ded with the kynge and bounde by othe swore that they afterwarde yf ony of them mysbare them ayenst kynge Edwarde that they sholde be dysheryted for euermore. And whan theyr peas was thus made they toke theyr leue pry∣uely / and wente home in to Scotlonde.

¶How Robert Brus chalēged Scotlonde.

SO after thys Robert the Brus erle of Caryk sent by hys letters to the erles &

barons of Sotlonde that they sholde come to hym to Scone in the morowe after the Con∣cepcion of our lady for grete nedys of the lon∣de. And the lordes came at the daye assygned. And the same daye syr Robert the Brus sayd Fayre lordes fulle well ye knowe / y^t in my per¦sone dwellyd the ryght of the reame of Scot∣londe / & as ye wote well I am ryghtfull heyer Syth that syre Iohn̄ baylol y^t was our kynge vs hath forsake / & left his londe. And though it so be y^e kynge Edwarde of Englonde wyth wrongfull power hath made me to hym assent ayenst my wyll / yf that he wyll graunte that I may be kynge of Scotlonde I shal kepe you ayenst kynge Edwarde of englonde / & ayenst all manere men / & wyth y^e worde the abbot of Scon / arose vp / & before them all sayd / that yt was reason for to helpe hym & the londe to ke∣pe & defēde. And tho sayd in presēce of thē all y^t he wolde gyue hym a .M. poūde for to maynte¦ne y^e londe. & all the other graūted the londe to hym & wyth ther powre hym for to helpe / & de¦fyed kyng Edward of Englonde. & sayd y^e Ro∣bert Brus / sholde be kynge of Englonde.

¶How syr Iohn̄ of Comyn ayenst sayd the crownynge of syr Robert Brus.

LOrdynges sayd syr Iohan of Comyn. thynke on the truthe & othe ye made to kynge Edwarde of Englond & touchynge my self I wyll not breke myn oth for no man / & so he went from y^e company at y^e tyme. wherfore Robert y^e brus & all tho y^e to hym consēted we∣re wroth / & menaced syr Iohn̄ of comyn Tho ordened they another coūseyll at Dumfrys to whyche came y^e for sayd syr Iohn̄ of Comyn / for he dwelled but two myle fro Dumfris. the¦re he was wont to soiorne and abyde.

¶How syr Iohn̄ was tray∣toursly slayne.

SO whan Roberte the Brus wyst that all the grete lordes were come of Scot¦lond to Scon / sauf syr Iohn̄ Comyn y^e so••our¦ned nyghe scon he sent specyally after the sayd syr Iohn̄ to come & speke with him. And vpon that he came & spake with hym at the grayfre∣res in Dumfris & y^t was the thursday after Cā¦delmasseddy. & syr Iohn̄ graunted to go wyth hym. And whan he had herde masse / he toke a soope & dranke & after warde he bestrode hys palfroy & rode to Dumfris / whan Roberte the brus sawe hym come at a wyndow as he was in his chambre made Ioye ynoygh / & came a∣yenst hym / & collyd hym about y^e necke / & ma∣de with hym gode semblaūt. And whan all the erles & barons of Scotlonde were present Ro¦bert y^e Brus sayd syrs ye wote well y^e / cause of this comynge & wherfore it is. yf ye wyl graūt that Ibe kyng of scotlonde as ryght heyre of y^e londe. And all the lordes that were there sayd with one voys that h sholde be crownede kyn¦ge of Scotlond▪ and y^t they wolde hym helpe & mayntene ayenst all maner men on lyue / & for hym yf it were nede to deye / the gītyll knyght tho Iohn̄ of Comyn answerd certes neuer for¦me. ne for to haue of me asmoche helpe as the value of a baton. For that oth that I haue ma∣de vnto kynge Edwarde of Englonde I shall holde whyle my lyfe woll laste. And with that worde he wente from the cōpany and wolde a lyght vpon his palfroy. and Roberte the Brus pursewed hym with a drawenswerde / & bare hym thrugh the body & syr Iohn̄ Comyn felle downe vnto the erth. But whan Roger y^t was syr Iohn̄ Comyns brother sawe the falsnesse. He stert to syr Robert the Brus & smote hym wyth a knyfe But y^e fals traytour was armyd vnder. so that y^e stroke myght do hym no har∣me. and so moche helpe came aboute syre Ro∣bert the Brus so y^e Robert Comyn was there slayne & all to hewen in to peces. & Robert the Brus torned ayen there y^t syr Iohn̄ Comyn y^e noble barō lay wounded. and pyned to warde his deth / besyde the hygh awter in the chyrche of the graey freres / & sayde vnto syr Iohan co∣myn. O traytoure thou shalt be dede / & neuer after lete myn auauncement / & shoke his swer¦de at the hygh awter. and smote hym on his he¦de / that y^e brayne felle downe vpon the groūde. and the blood storte on hygh vpon the walles / and yet vnto thys daye is that blood seen there that no water maye wasshe it a waye. And so deyed that noble knyght in holy chyrche.

ANd whan thys traytoure Roberte the Brus sawe. that no man wold sete hys coronacyon / he cūmaūded all thē that were of power sholde come vnto hys crownynge to sa¦ynt Iohans towne in Scotlonde· And so it be fell vpon our lady daye the Annūcyacyon the bysshop of Glaston & the bysshop of saynt An¦drewes crowned for ther kynge thys Roberte the Brus in saynt Iohans towne / & made him kynge And anone after he droue all thenglys∣sshemen

out of Scotlonde. And they fledde. & came & compleyned them vnto kyng Edwar¦de / how that Robert y^e Brus had dryue them out of the londe / and dysheryted theym.

¶How that kynge Edwarde dubbyd at westmestre .xxiiii. score knyghtes.

ANd whan kyng Edwarde herd of this myschyef / he swore that he sholde be o¦uenged therof / and sayde / That alle the tray∣tours of Scotlonde sholde be hangyd and dra¦wen / and that they sholde neuer be raunson∣ned. ¶And kynge Edwarde thought vppon this falsnesse that the Scottes had to hym do¦ne And sente after all the bachelers of Englon¦de / that they sholde come vnto London at wyt¦sōtyde / & he dubbyd at westmestre .xxiiii. score knyghtes. ¶Them ordened the noble kynge Edwarde for to go in to Scotlonde / to werre vpon Robert the Brus / And sent before hym in to Scotlonde syr Aymer the valaunce erle of Penbroge. And syre Henry Perey baron with a fayre company / that pursewed y^e Scot¦tes and brente townes and castels. And after¦warde came the kynge hymself with erles and barons a fayre companye.

¶How Robert Brus was dyscōfyted / in ba∣tayll / & how Symonde fryselly was slayne.

THe Frydaye next before the Assumecy¦on of our lady kynge Edwarde mette Robert Brus besyde saynt Iohans towne in Scotlōde and with his companye / of the why∣che company kyng Edwarde slewe .vii. thou¦sande / whan Robert Brus sawe thys mysche¦yf he began to flee / and hydde hym that no mā myght hym fynde / But syr Symonde fryseld pursewed hym sore / so that he torned ayen & a¦bode batayll / for he was a worthy knyght and a bolde of dody. And thenglysshmen pursewed euer sore in euery syde and slewe the stede that syr Symonde rode vpon / and they toke hym and ladde hym vnto the host. And syr Symon¦de began for to flatre and speke fayre / and say∣de lordes I shall yeue you four thousand mar¦ke of syluer / myn hors / harneys and all myn armour / and become a begger. Tho answered Theobaude of Peuens that was the kynges archers. Now so god me helpe it is for nought that thou spekeste. For all the golde in Englon¦de I wolde. not lete the go with out commaun∣dement of kynge Edwarde / & tho was he had vnto kyng Edwarde & the kyng wolde not se hym but cōmaunded to lede hym a waye / to ha¦ue his dome at London. and on our ladyes eue Natiuite he was hangyd and drewe & his heed smyte of. & hangyd ayen wyth cheynes of yern vpon the galowes. And his heed was sete vpō London brydge vpod a spere / and ayenst Cry∣stemasse the bodye was brente by cause that the men / that kepte the body by nyght they sa∣we so many deuyls rampyng wyth grete yren hokes renynge vpō the galowes and horryble tormented y^e body. & many y^t them saw anone after they deyed for drede / & some wexed mad•• / fore syknes they had. & in that batayll was ta∣ke y^e bysshop of Baston & the bysshop of saynt Andrewes / and the abbot of Scōne all armyd with yren as men of armes. as fals traytours and fals prelates ayenst theyr othe. And they were brought to the kynge and the kynge sente them vnto the pope of Rome. that he shold do with theym what his wyll were.

¶How Iohan therle of Alethes was taken and put to dethe.

ANd at that bataylle fledde syre Iohan erle of Alethes / and wente to a chyrche and there hydde hym for drede / but he myghte haue there noo refute for cause that the chyr∣che was enterdyted thrugh generall senten∣ce / and in the same chyrche he was taken. And this syr Iohan went well to haue scaped fro y^e deth / for cause y^t he claymed kynred of Kynge Edwarde. & the kynge wolde not lenger be by¦trayed of his traytours but sent hym to Lon¦don in hast. And there was hangyd & hys head smyten of & his body brent all to asshes. But at the prayer of the quene Margerete / for cau¦se that he claymed of kynge Edward kynred his drawynge was for yeuen hym.

¶How Iohan that was Wyllyam waleys brother was put to dethe.

AS the grettest mayster of Scotlonde were thus doon to euyll deth & destroy¦ed for theyr falsnesse. Iohan that was Wylly¦am waleys brother was take & doon vnto de∣the. as syr Iohan erle of Alethes was.

¶How Robert the Brus fledde from Scotlonde to Norway.

ANd at y^e same tyme was robert y^e / brus moche hated amonge the peple of scot∣londe / so y^t he wyste not what he was best to do & for to hyde hym he wente to Norway to the kynge that had spowsyd his syster. & there hel∣de

hym socour for to haue. & Robert the Brus myght not be foūde in Scotlonde. Sokynge Edward tho lete crye hys peas thrught out all the londe / and his lawas were vsyd / & hys my∣nystrys serued thrugh out all the londe.

¶How kynge Edwarde deyed.

SO as kynge Edwarde had abatyd hys enemys turned south warde. and syke∣ned atte Burgh vpon sande in the marche of Scotlonde. and callyd to hym Henry Lacy er¦le of Nichell. syr guy erle of warwyk. syr Ayl∣mer erle of Penbroke / and syr Robert of Clyf¦forde baron and prayed theim vpon the fayth that they hym oughte / that they sholde make Edwarde of Carnaruan kynge of Englonde assone as they myght. And that they shold not suffre Peers of Ganaston come agayne in to Englonde / for to make hys sone to ryot / and they graunted hym with good wyll. And the kynge toke hys sacramente of hooly chyrche as a good Crysten man sholde. and deyed in re¦pentaunce And whan he hadde ben kynge .xxxv. yere he deyed / and was buryed at west∣mestre with moche solempnyte / Vpon whose soule god haue mercy.

¶Of Merlyns prophecyes that we¦re declared of kynge Edwarde. That was kynge Henrys sone.

OF this kyng Edward prophecyce Mer¦lyn / and called hym a dragon the secon¦de of the .vi. kynges that sholde regne in Eng¦londe and sayd / that he sholde be medled with mercy / and also with strenthe and fyernesse. That sholde kepe Englonde frome colde and hete. And that he sholde opene hys mouthe to∣warde walys and that he sholde sette his foot in wyk and that he sholde close with walwes / that sholde doo moche harme to his sede. And he sayde sothe. For the good kynge Edwarde was medled with mercye and with fyernesse / with mercy ayenst his enmyes of walys / and after of Scotlonde with fyernesse / whan he put them to dethe for ther falsnesse / and tray∣tourily as they hadde deserued. And welle ke∣ped he Englond frome colde and heet / sythe he kepte it frome alle manere of enmyes that ranne vppon hym to doo hym ony wronge. ¶And welle he opened his mouthe to warde walys / and made it quake thrughe hydour of hys mouthe / whan he conqueryd it thruoghe dynte of swerde. For the prynce Lewelyn and Dauyd hys brother. Ris and Morgan. were put to dethe thrughe theyr falsnesse and theyr foly / And he sette hys foot in to wyk / and con∣quered Berwyk at the whiche conquest were slayne .xxv. thousande and .vii. hondred / out take suche as were brente in the redde halle. ¶And the walles y^t he lete make shall be noy∣ous / vnto his sede. As men shall here after in∣the lyf of syre Edwarde of Carnaruan hys so¦ne. And yet sayd Merlyn that he sholde make ryuers ren in blood & wyth brayne. & y^e semyd well in hys warres there as he had y^e maystry And yet Merlyn sayd y^t ther sholde come a peo¦ple out of y^e nortwest durynge the regne of the forsayd dragon y^t shold be ladde by an yll grey¦hoūde / y^t shold the dragon crowne kynge. that afterward sholde fle ouer y^e see for drede of the dragon without comynge ayen. & that was pro¦ued by syr Iohn̄ Baylol y^e kynge Edwarde ma¦de to be kynge of Scotlonde. y^e falsly aroyse a∣yenst hym▪ & after he fled to his owne londes of Fraūce / & neuer he came ayen in to Scotlond for drede of kyng Edward: And yet sayd Mer¦ly: that peple y^t shold lede y^e sayd greyhoūd shol¦de be faderles vnto a certayne tyme soth he sa∣yd. For the peple of Scotlonde gretly were dy¦sesyd after syr Iohan baylol was fled. And mer¦lyn sayd the sone shold become in hys tyme as redde as ony blood in tokenynge of grete mor∣talyte of people And that was knowe wel whā the Scottes were slayne. And syth sayd Mer∣lyn / y^e same dragon shold nouryshe a Fox. that sholde meue grete werre ayenst hym / y^t sholde not in hys tyme be ended / and that semed well by Robert the Brus. that kynge Edwarde nou¦rysshed in hys chambre that sythen stale a way & meued grett werre ayenst hym / whiche wer∣re was not ended in his tyme And yet sayd mer¦lyn that the dragon sholde deye in y^e marche of an other londe / & that hys londe sholde be long without a good keper. And that men shold we¦re for his dethe from the yle of Shephey vnto the yle of Mercyll / wherfore alas shall be ther songe amonge the comyn people faderles in the londe wastyd And that prophecie was kno¦we ouer all full well. For the good Kynge Ed∣warde deyed at Burgh vp sandys / that is vp¦on the Marche of Scotlonde the englyssmen were dysc••mferced and sorowed in Northum¦berlonde / For cause that kynge Edwardes so¦ne sete by the Scottes no force. for the ryot of

Peers of Ganaston / wherfore alas was the songe thrugh out all Englond / for defawte of theyr good wardeyne from y^e yle of Shephey vnto the yle of Mercyll / the people made mo¦che sorowe for good kynge Edwardes / dethe. ¶For they wende that good kynge Edwarde sholde haue gone in to the holy londe / For that was holy his purpoos. ¶Vpon whoos soule god for his hygh & Inginyte grace haue mercy

¶Anno. dm̄ .M.CC.lxxxiiii.

CElestinus was pope after Nicolas fiue monethes / and nothynge noble of hym is wryten / but that he was a vertuous man. Bonefacyus the eyght was pope after hym .viii. yere. This bonifacius was a man in tho¦se thynges the whiche perteyneth to courte for he was very experte in suche maters / And by∣cause he had no pere / he put no mesure to hys prudence. And toke so grete pryde vpon hym that he sayd / he was lord of all the worlde. and many thynges he dyde with his myght & pow∣er· the whyche fayled wretchedly in the ende / He yaue an ensample to all prelatis y^t they shol¦de not be haue ne proude. But vnder the four¦me of a very shepeherde of god they shod •• mo∣re study for to belouyd of other subgectes: thā dradde / This man is he / of whom it is sayd y^t he entred as a fox. He lyued as a lyon / & deyed as a dogge. ¶This tyme y^e yere of grace was ordeyned from an hoūdred yere to an hondred yere. And the fyrste Iubyle was in the yere of our lord Ihesu Cryst a thousande thre hoūdred ¶Benedictus the enleuenth was after Bone¦facius .xi. monethes. This man was an holy man / of the ordre of the frere prechers / and ly∣tyll whyle lyued but dyssessyd anone.

ADulphus was Emperour .vi yere / This man was erle of Anoxone / And this Adulphus was not crowned by the pope / for he was slayne in batayll. ¶Albertus was Emperour after hym ·x. yere. This man was the duke of Astryr & fyrste was repreued of the pope / & after was confermed by the same pope for the malyces of the kyng of Fraunce / y^e whi¦che was an enmye vnto y^e chyrche· & to y^e alber¦te the same pope yaue the kyngdom of Fraūce as he dyde other kyngdoms. But it proffyted not / for at y^e last he was slayne of his neuewe. ¶Clemens was pope after Benedictus almo¦ste .ix. yere / and he was a greate buylder of cas∣tels and other thynges. And he dampnyd the ordre of Templaryes / and he ordeyned the seuen booke of the Decretales / the whiche be callyd the questyons of Clementyns. ¶And anone after in a counseyle the whyche he hel∣de atte Vyenna he reuokyd the same boke the whiche is successary Iohan called ayen in cor∣poryd it and publysshyd it. This Clement fyr¦ste of all popes teanslatyd the popes sette fro Rome to Auinion / and whether it was done bi the mocyon of god. or by the boldenes of man dyuers men meruaylle. ¶Iohn̄ the ·xxii. was pope after bym .viii. yrre. This man was all gloryous / as for those thynges that were to be vsed thrugh the actyf lyf. And he publysshed y^e Constytucyons of the clementynes & sent thē to all the vnyuersytees. And many sayntes he canonysed & these fatte bysshopryches he deuy¦dyd and he ordeyned many thynges ayēste the pluralytae of benefyces / & many herytykes he dampned / but whether he was saued or not our lord wolde not shewe to those be louyd ve∣ry well. ¶Henry the .vii. was Emperour af¦ter Albert .v· yere / this Henry was a noble mā in warre. and he coueyted to haue peas by lon∣de and water. He was a gloryous man in ba∣tayll. And neuer ouercome with enmyes and atte the laste he was poysened of a frere whan that he howselyd hym by receyuynge of the sa∣cramente.

¶Of kynge Edwarde that was kynge edwardes sone.

ANd after this kyng Edwarde regned Edwarde his sone / that was borne att Carnriuan / and thys Edwarde wente hym in tho Fraunce. and there he spowsyd Isabell the kynges doughter of fraunce. the .xxv. daye. of Ianuari at the chyrche of our Lady at Bo¦loyne in the yere of our lorde Ihū Cryste .M. CCC vii. And the .xx. day of Feuerer the nexte yere that came after / he was crownyd solemp¦ly att westmestre of the Archebysshop of Caun¦terbury. And there was soo grete presse of peo∣ple. that syre Iohan Bakwell was slayne and murdred. And anone as the good kynge Ed¦warde was deed. syr Edwarde hys sone kyng of englonde. sent after Pers Ganaston in to Gascoyne / & so moche louyd hym / y^t he callyd hym brother. & anone after he yaue vnto hym the lordshyp of walyngforde. And it was not longe after y^t he yaue hym therldom of Corne∣waylle ayenst the lordes wyll of englonde.

¶And tho brought syr walter of langton bys¦shop of Chestre in to pryson & duraūce. in the toure of London. wyth two knaues alonely hym to serue. For the kynge was wrothe wyth hym / fore by cause that syre water made com∣playnt on hym to hys fader / wherfore he was put in pryson in the tyme of Troylebaston. & the for sayde Pers of Ganaston made so grete maystreys. that he wente in to the kynges tre∣sory in y^e abbay of westmestre / & toke the table of golde with y^e trestls of y^e same & many other ryche Iewels / y^t somtyme were the noble and good kyng Arthurs / & toke thē to a marchaūt that was called ameri of Friscōbande / for he sholde bere them ouer y^e see in to Gascoyne. & so he went thens & they came neuer ayen after wherfore it was a grete losse to this londe And whan this Pers was rychely auaūsyd / he be∣came so proude & so stowte. wherfore all y^e gre¦te lordes of the reame had hym īdyspyte for his grete berynge / wherfore syr Henry Lacy erle of Nicholl. & syr Guy erle of warwyk y^e why∣che grete lordes / the good kynge Edwarde syr Edwardes fader kyng of Englonde / chargyd that Pers of Ganaston sholde not come in to Englonde for to brynge his sone Edwarde in to ryot. And all the lordes of Englonde assem¦bled them a certayn day att the frere prechers at London: And there they spake / of the dysho¦nour y^e kynge Edwarde. dyde to hys reame & to his crowne and so they assentyd alle / bothe erles and barons / and all the comyns that the for sayd Peers of Ganaston sholde be exyled out of Englonde for euer more / and so it was done / For he for swore Englonde and went in to Irlonde / and there the kyng made hym che¦yfteyne / & gouernour of the londe by hys com¦myscyon. And there this Pers was cheyftey∣ne of all the londe / And dyd there all that hym lykyd▪ and hadde power what he wolde / and that tyme wer the templers exyled thrugh all cristiantee. for by cause that myn put vppon theym / that they sholde do thynges ayenst the fayth and good byleue. Kyng Edwarde louyd Peers of Ganaston so moche / that he myght not for bere his cōpany. And so moche the kyn¦ge yaue & behyght to the people of Englonde / that the exylyge of the forsayd Peers shold be reuokyd atte Stamforde / thrugh them y^t hym had exyled / wherfore Pers of Ganaston cam ayen into Englond / And whan he was come ayen in to his londe he dyspysed y^e grettest lor∣des of this londe / And called syr Robert Cla∣re Erle of Gloucetre horesone. And the Erle of Nycholl syr Henry Lacy brustenbely / and syr Guy Erle of warwyk the blacke hound of Arderne: And also he callyd y^e noble erle Tho∣mas of Lancastre churle. / & many other scor∣nes and shamys them sayde / and many other grete lordes of Inglonde / wherfore they we∣re to warde hym full angry and wroth & ryght sore anoyed. And in the same tyme deyed the Erle of Nycholl. But he chargyed or y^t he was deed / Thomas of Lancastre Erle that was his sone in lawe that he sholde mayntene hys quarell ayenst this same Peers of Ganaston vpon his blessynge. ¶And so it befell thorugh helpe of the erle Thomas of Lancastre and all so of the Erle of warwyk that the forsayd syr Peers was heeded att gauersich besyde war∣wyk in the .xx. day of Iune. in the yere of gra∣ce .M.CCC. and .xii. wherfore the kyng was sore anoyed / and prayed god that he myght se that daye to be auenged / vpon the deth of the forsayde Peers. ¶And so it befell afterwar¦de as ye shall here Alas y^e tyme. For the forsayd Erle of Lancastre & many other grete barons were put to a pyteous dethe. and martred for by cause of the forsayde quarell. The kynge was to att London. And helde a parleament and ordeyned the lawes of Symonde Mount¦forde / wherfore the erle of Lancastre / and the Erles and alle clergye of Englonde. made an othe thrugh counseyll of Robert of wynchelse for to mayntene the ordynauntes for euer.

¶How Robert Brus came ayē in to Scot¦londe and gadryd a grete power of / men for to werre vpon kynge Edwarde.

ANd whan syre Robert the Brus that made hym kynge of Scotlonde / that before was fledde in to Norway for drede of deth of the good kynge Edwarde. And also he herde of the debate that tho was in englond by¦twene the kynhe & his lordys. he ordeyned an hoste & came in to Inglonde in to Northum∣berlonde / and clene dystroyed the countree. ¶And whan kynge Edwarde herde this ty∣ynges he lete assemble hys hoste and mette the Scottes at Edstreyelyn in the daye of the Na¦tiuite of saynt Iohan Baptyst in the thyrde ye¦re of his regne / & in the yere of oure lorde .M.CCC. & .xiiii. Alas the sorowe & losse that ther

was done. For there was slayne the noble Er¦le Gylbert of clare syr Robert Clefford baron and the kynge Edwarde was scomfyted and Edmonde of maule y^e kynges Stewarde for drede wente & drowned hymself in a fresshe ry¦uer that is called Bannokysborne wherfore they sayd in repreyf of kynge Edwarde for as¦moche as he louyd to go by water & also for he was dyscomfyted at Bānosborne / therfore y^e maydens made a songe therof in y^e countree of kynge Edwarde▪ and in this manere they sōge Maydēs of Englonde sore may ye morne / for tyʒt haue lost your lēmans at bānokysborne / with heuelogh. what wenyth the kyng of Eng¦londe to haue gote Scotlond with rombylogh.

AS kynge Edmonde was dyscomfyted wōder sore and faste he fledde with his folke that were left aliue & wēt vnto Berwyk / & there helde hym. & after he toke hostages .ii. chyldern of the rychesse of the towne. And the kynge went to London. & toke coūseyl of thyn¦ges that were nedefull to y^e reame of Englōde ¶And in y^e same tyme it befel / that tho was in Englonde a rybaude. that was called Iohan Tāner. And he yede & sayd that he was y^e good kynge Edwardes sone and lete hem calle Ed∣warde of Carnariuā. And therfore he was ta¦ke at Oxforde / And there he chalēged frere car¦mes / chyrche that kyng Edwarde hadde yeue them whiche was the kynges halle. And after¦warde was thys Iohan ladde to Northamp¦ton / & drawen & hangyd for his falsnesse & or y^t he was deed he confessyd & sayd before all tho that were there. that the deuyll beyhyght hym that he sholde be kynge of Englonde & that he had serued the deuyll thre yere.

¶How the towne of Berwyk was take thrugh treason / and how two Cardyna¦les were robbyd in Englonde.

ANd on mydlente Sondaye. in the yere of our lorde .M.CCC.xvi. Berwyke was loste thorugh false treson of oon Pers of Spaldynge. the whyche Pers the kynge had put there. For to helpe that same towne with many burgeyses of the same towne / wherfore the chyldren that were put in hostage thrughe the burgeyses of Berwyk folowed the kynges march••••se many dayes fettred in strōge yrens And after y^e tyme two Cardynalles in to Eng¦londe / as the pope had theym sence for to ma∣kepe as bytwene Englonde and Scotlonde. And as they wente to warde Durham / for to haue sacred mayster Lowys of Beamont bys∣shop of Durham they were take & robbed vp∣on the moore of wynglesdom / Of whiche rob¦bery syr Gylbert of mytton was atteynt & ta∣ke and hangyd & drawen at Lōdon & his heed smytte of. & put vpon a spere / & set vpon newe gate / & the foure quarters sent / to foure cytees of Englonde. and that same tyme befell many myscheues in Englonde / for the poore people deyed in Englonde for hungre / and so moche and so faste deyed. that vnethe mē myght bury them For a quarter of whete was at .xl. shelyn¦ges▪ and two yeres & an half a quarter of whe∣re was worth .x. marck· and of tyme the poore people stole chyldern and ete them / & ete also y^e hoūdes that they myghte take: & also hors and cattes And after there fell a grete myrreyne a¦monge bestes in dyuers countrees of englōde durynge kynge Edwarde lyues tyme.

¶How y^e Scottes robbyd Notūberlonde.

ANd in the same tyme came the Scottes ayen in to Englonde and dystroyed Northumberlonde / and brē••t and that londe / and robbyd it / and slewe mē wymmen & chyl∣dren that laye in there cradyls / & brent also ho∣ly chyrche / and destroyed crystendome / & toke & bare Englysshe mennys godes as they had ben sarasyns / or paynems. And of the wyckyd¦nesse that they dyde / all the worlde spake of it.

¶How the Scottes wolde not a mende theyr trespasse. and therfore Scotlonde was enterdyted.

SO pope Iohan the .xxii. after saynt Pe∣tir herde of the grete sorowe and m••che y•• that the Scottes wrought he was wonder sorye / that crystendome was so dystroyed thru¦ghe the Scottes / & namely they destroyed so•• holy chyrches wherfore the pope sente a gene∣rall sentence vnder his bulles of l••ed vnto the Archebysshop of Caunterbury. And to thar∣chebysshoppe of yorke that yf Robert y^e Brus of Scotlonde wolde not be Iustyfyed & make amendes vnto the kynge of Englonde Edwar¦de theyr lorde / & make amendes of hys losse / & of his harmes that they / had doon in Englon¦de. And also restore the goodes that they had taked of holy chyrche / that the sentence shold be pronouncyd thorughe out alle Englonde. And whan the Scottes herde this / they wolde not leue theyr malyce / for the popes commaun¦demente

wherfore Roberte the Brus. Iamys Douglas and Thomas Radulf erle of Moref and all tho that with theym comyned or them helpe in worde or dede were accursyd in euery chirche thrugh out all Englonde euery day at masse .iii. tymes And no masse shold be songe in holy chyrche thrugh out all Soctlonde but yf the Scottes wolde make restitucyon of the harmes that they hadde made vnto holy chyr¦che wherfore many a good prest and holy men therfore were slayne thrugh y^e reame of Scot∣londe / bycause they wolde not synge masse a∣yenst y^e popys cōmaundemet & ayenst his wyll and to do & fulfyll the tyrauntes wyll.

¶How syre Hughe Spensers sone was made the kynges chamberlayne. And of the bataylle of Mitone.

ANd it was not longe after warde / that the kynge ordeyned a parlemente atte yorke / And there was syr / Spensers sone ma¦de Chambrelayne. And the meane tyme why∣le the werre lasted / the kynge wente ayen in to Scotlonde / that it was wonder for to wytte & beseged the towne of Berwyk / but the scottes wente ouer the water at Sole wath. that was thre myle frome the kynges hoste and pryuely they stole a way by nyght / & came in to Englō∣de / & robbyd & dystroyed all that they myght / and sparde no manere thynge tyll that they ca¦me vnto yorke / & whan the englysshmen that were left at home / herde thyse tydīges / all tho that myghte traueyll / as well monk{is} / prestes freres / chanons / & seculers came & mette wyth the Scotes at Myton vp swale the .xii. day of Octobre. Alas for sorowe / for the Englysshe husbonde men that coude no thynge of y^t wer¦re kyllyd & drowned in an arme of the see And the cheyftyenes syre wyllyam of Melton Ar∣che bysshop of yorke & the abbot of selby wyth there stedes fledde / & came to yorke / and that was theyr owne foly / that they had that mys∣chaunce. For they passed the water of Swale. And the Scottes sette a fyre the sta••kes of hey and the smote ther of was so huge / that y^e En∣glysshmen myght not se y^e Scottes. And whā the englisshmen were gone ouer the water tho came y^e Scottes wyth theyr wynge in maner of a shelde / and came to warde the Englyssmē in araye. And the Englysshemen fledde. For ••neth they hadde ony men of armys. For the kynge hadde them almoost lost at the syege of Berwyk / and the Scottes hobylers went by¦twene the brydge and the Englysshmen / And whan the grete host them mett / the englysshe¦men fled bytwene the hobylers & the gret ho∣ste. And the Englysshmen almoost were there slayne / & he that myght go ouer the water we∣re saued / But many were drowned. Alas for there were slayne / many men of relygyon / se∣culers preestes & clerkes / with moche sorowe tharchebysshop escaped. & therfore the Scot∣tes callyd that batayll the whyte batayll.

¶How kynge Edwarde dyde alle manere thynge that syr Hugh Spenser wolde·

NOw as kynge Edwarde herde this ty¦dynges he remeued his sege from Ber¦wyk & came agayn into Englond. But Syr Hugh Spenser that was the kynges Cham∣berlayne. kept so the kynges chambre. that no mā myghte speke with the kynge. But he had made with hym a fret for to do alle his nede. & that ouer mesure. And this Hugh bare hym so stowte that all men had of hym scorne and dys¦pyte. and the kynge hymself wolde not be go∣uerned / ne rulyd by no manere of man but on¦ly by his fader & by hym. And yf ony knyghte of englonde hadde wodes maneyrs or londes that they wolde coueyte anone the Kyng must yeue it them or elles the man that ought it. shol¦de be falsly endyted of forfeyt or felony. And thrugh suche doynge they dysheryted many a bachelere / and so moche londe he gate that it was grete wonder and whan the lordes of en¦londe sawe the grete couetyse & falsnesse of syr Hugh Spenser the fader & of syr Hugh the so¦ne / they come to the gentyll erle of lancastre / & axyd hym of counseyll of the dysese. that was in the reame / though syr Hugh Spenser & his sone. & in hast by one assente they made pryue assēble. at shirburne•• Elmede & they made the¦re an othe for to breke & dystouble y^e doinge by¦twene the kynge and syr Hugh Spenser and his sone vpon theyr power. And they went in to the marche of walys. and dystroyed the lon∣de of the forsayd syr hughes.

¶How syr hugh Spenser and his fader were exyled out of Englonde·

SO whan kyng Edwarde sawe y^e grete harme and dystruccyō that tho Barōs of Englonde dyde vnto syre hugh Spensers londe. and to his sone in euery place that they came vpon the kynge tho thrugh hys counseyl

yll exyled syr Monbraye. syr Roger Clyfforde & syr Gosselyn Dauyll. & many other lordes y^t were to theym consente / wherfore the barons dyde tho more harme than they dyde before / & whā the kynge sawe that y^e barons wolde not sesse of theyr cruelte / the kyng was sore adrad¦de lest they wolde dystroy hym & his reame for his mayntenaūce / but yf he assented to them. And so he sente for thē by hys letters that they sholde come to London to hys parlement at a certaine daye as in his letters were conteyned & they came with thre bataylles / well Armyd at al poyntes. & euery batayl had cotarmours of grete clothe. And therof the ryght quarter was yelowe. wyth whyte bendes / wherfore y^e parlemente was callyd the parlement of the whyte bende. And in y^e company was syr Hun¦frey de bohoune erle of Herford & syre Roger Clyfforde. syr Iohan Monbray. syr Glosselyn Dauyll. syr Roger Mortymer vncle of syr Ro¦ger mortymer of wygmore. syr Henry of Tra∣ys syr Iohn̄ Gyffarde & syre Barthylmewe of Badelessemore that was y^e kynges stewarde. y^t the kynge had sente to Shyrborne in Elmede to y^e erle of Lācastre / and to all y^t with hym we¦re for to trete of accorde / y^e hym alyed to the ba¦rons / & came with that company. & sur Roger Dammory & syr Hugh dandale y^t had spousyd the kynges neces syster. & syr Gylbert of clare erle of Gloucetre y^t was slayne in Scotlonde as before is sayd. And tho two lordes had tho two partyes of the erldom of Gloucerte. & sur Hugh Spenser had thyrde party in his wyues half / the thyrde syster and tho two lordes wen∣te to the barons wyth all theyr power ayenst syr Hugh theyr brother in lawe. And so there came wyth them syr Robert Clyfforde syr Io¦han Mōbray. syr Goselyn Dauyll. syr Roger Mortymer of werk. syr Roger Mortymer of wykmore his neuewe. syr Henry Trays syre Iohā Gyffarde. syr Barthylmewe of Bardes¦more. with all theyr cōpany. and many other / that to them were consent. all the grete lordes came vnto westmestre to y^e kynges parlemen∣te. And so they spake & dyde. that bothe syr Hu¦ghe Spēser the fader & also the sone / were out lauwed of englonde for euermore And soo syre Hugh the fader wente vnto Douer and made moche sorowe / & fell downe vpon the grounde by the see banke. a crosse wyth his armes / and sore wepynge sayd Now fayr Englonde and good Englonde to almyghty god I the betake And thryes kyssed the grounde and wenyd ne¦uer to haue come ayen· And wepynge cursyd y^e tyme that euer he begate syr Hugh his sone. & sayd for hym he had lost all Englond. And tho in presence of thē all that were aboute hym ya¦ue hym his cursee & went ouer see to his londes But Hugh the sone wolde not go out of Eng∣londe / but helde hym in the see. and his compa∣ny robbyd .ii. dromedores besyde Sandwyth and toke and bare a waye alle the godoes that was in them to the value of .lx.M.li.

¶How the Kynge exyled erle Thomas of Lancastre and alle that helde with hym and how the Mortymer came and yelded hym to the kynge / & of all the lordes.

IT was not longe after that the kynge made syr Hugh Spenser the fader / & syr Hugh the sone / come ayen in to Englond ayen¦ste the lordes wyll of the reame. And soone af∣ter the kynge with a strōge power came and be¦seged the castel of Ledys. and in the castel was y^e laby of Bladelesmore for cause that she wold not graunt that castell to the quene Isabel kin¦ge Edwardes wyfe but the pryncypall cause was / for syr Berthylmewe was ayenst y^e kyn¦ge / and helde with the lordes of Englōde. & ne¦uertheles the kynge by helpe & socoure of men of London / & also of helpe of Southeren men gate the castel maugre of them all y^t were with in / and toke with them al that they myght fyn¦de. And whan the barons of Englonde herde these tidynges / syr Roger Mortymer & many other lordes toke the towne of Brugge wroth wyth strenth. wherfore the kyng was wonder wrothe / and lete outlawe Thomas of Lancas∣tre / and Vmfroy de Bohoune erle of Herfor∣de and alle tho that were assentynge to the sa∣me quarel. And the kyng assēbled an huge host and came ayenst the lordes of Englond wher¦fore the Mortymers put them in the kynges grace. And anone they were sente to the toure of London and there kept in pryson. And whā the barons herd thys thyng they came to pout¦fert there that y^e erle Thomas soiourned and tolde hym how that Mortymers both had yel¦de them to the kynge. & put them in hys grace.

¶Of the syege of Tykhyll.

SO whan Thomas Erle of Lancastre herde thys he was wonder wrothe & all that were of there company & greatly they we¦re

dyscomfyted / & ordeyned there power togy∣der. and besyeged the castell of Tykhyll / But tho that were wyth in manly defended them / that the barnos myght not gete the castel. and whan the kyng herde y^t his castell was beseged he swore by god & by his names. that the lege sholde be remeued. & assembled an huge power of people / & wente theder ward to rescowe the castell. & his power encresyd fro daye to daye. whan the erle of Lancastre & the erle of Herfor¦de & the barons of there cōpany herde of thys thynge they assembled all theyr power & wente them to Burton vpon trent & kept the brydge that the kyng shold not passe ouer▪ but it befell so on the tenthe daye of Marche in the yere of grace .M.CCC.xxi. the kyng & the Spensers syr Aymer Valaunce erle of Penbroke / & Io∣han erle of Araundell & theyr power wente o∣uer the water & dyscomfyted therle Thomas and his company· And they fled to the castell of Tetbury & from thens they went to Pount¦fret. And in that ••yage deyed syr Roger Dau∣more in thabbay of Thebury. And in that sa∣me tyme the erle thomas had a traytour wyth hyme y^t was callyd Robert Holonde knyght. that the erle had brought vp of nought / & had nourysshed hym ī hys butrye. & had yeue hym a thousāde marke of londe by yere. And so mo¦che the erle louyd hym that he myght do in the erles court all that hym lyked bothe amonge them hyghe & lowe / and so craftly the theyf ba¦re hym ayenste his lorde / that he trustyd more vpon hym than ony man on lyue. and the erle had ordeyned by his letters for to goo in to the erledome of Lancastre / to make men aryse to kepe hym in that vyage / That is to saye .v. hū¦dred men of armys. But the fals traytour ca∣me not there: no manere men for to warne ne for to make arayse to helpe his lord. And whan that the fals traytour herde tell y^t hys lord was dycomfyted at Burton vpon Trent. as a fals traytour theyf. stele a way & robbyd in Rauēs∣dele his lordes men that came fro the scomfy∣ture. And toke of them hors & harneys / and al that they had & slewe of them all that they my∣ghte take / & came & yeldyd hym to the kynge. ¶whan the good erle Thomas wyste that he was so bytrayed. He was so abasshed / & sayde to hymself / O almyghty good how myght Ro¦bert Holonde fynde in hys herteme to betray / sythe that I louyd hym so moche O god well maye nowe a man se by hym y^t no man maye dysceyue a nother rathar than he y^t he trustyth moost vpon. He hath full euyll yelded me my goodnes & the worshyp y^t I haue to hym done and thrugh my kyndnesse haue hym auaūcyd & made hym hyghe where y^t he was lowe. And he makyth me go from hyghe vnto lowe / but yet shall he deye an euyll dethe.

¶Of the scomfyture of Brurbrygge.

THe good Erle Thomas of Lancaste. Humfroy de Bohoune ele of Herford and the barons y^t with theym were toke coun¦sell bytwene them at y^e frre prechers in Poūt¦fret. tho thought Thomas vpon the traytour Roberte Holonde. And sayde in repreyf / Alas Robert Holonde hath me betrayed / and is the red of some euyll shred. And by the comyn as∣sent they sholde goo to the castell of Dunstan∣brughe / the whiche perteyned to therldome of Lancastre / & y^t they sholde abyde ther tyll that the kynge had for yeue them his male talente. ¶But whan the good erle Thomas this her∣de / he answered in this manere & sayd. Lordes sayd he / yf we go to wade the North / the Nor¦then men woll saye that we go to warde y^e scot∣tes / so we shall be holden traytours / for cause of dystaūce that is bytwene kynge Edwarde & Robert y^e Brus that made hym kynge of Scot¦londe. And therfore I say as touchyng my self that I wyll not go no ferder into the Northe / than to myn owne castell at Poūtfret. ¶And whan syre Roger Clyfford herde this he arose vp anone in wrathe. and drawe his swerde on hye / & swore by god almyghty & by his holy na¦mes / but yf y^t he wolde go with them / he sholde hym slee there. the noble and gentyll erle Tho¦mas of Lancastre was sore a ferde & sayd. Fa¦yr▪ syres I wyll go with you whether some euer ye me bydde. Tho went they togyder in to the North / & wyth them they hadde .vii.C. men of armys came to Burbryg. And whan syr An¦drew of Herkela that was in the north countre thrugh ordynaūce of the kynge. For to kepe y^e countree of Scotlonde / herde tell. how y^t Tho¦mas of Lancastre was scomfyted & hys com∣pany at Burton vpon trent / he ordened hym a stronge power / and syr symonde warde also that was the shyref of yorke / and mette the ba∣rons at burburgge. and anone they brake the brydge that was made of tree ¶And whan syr Thomas of Lancastre. herde y^e syr Andre¦we

of Herkela had broughte wyth hym suche a power he was sore adradde. & sente for syr An∣drewe of herkela / wyth hym spake. & sayde to hym in thys manere syr Andrewe sayde he. ye may wel vnderstōde that our lorde y^e kyng. is ladde and mysgouerned by moche fals counsel thrugh syr Hugh Spenser the fader & syr Hu∣ghe is sone: syr Iohan erle of Arūdel / & thrugh mayster Robert Baldok a fals pylled clerke. y^t now is in the kynges courte dwellynge wher∣fore I praye you that ye wyll come wyth vs with alle youre power that ye haue ordeyned / & helpe to dystroie the venym of Englond. and y^e traytours that ben therin. & we wyll yeue vn¦to you all the best parte of fyue Erldoms / that we haue & holde. & we wyll make vnto you an othe. that we wyll neuer doo thynge wythout your counsell / & soo ye shalbe left as well with as euer was Robert Holande Tho answered syr Andrew of Herkela & sayd syr Thomas y^t wolde not I do ne consent therto for no mane¦re thynge wythout the wyll & cōmaundement of lorde the kynge / for them shold I be holden a traytour for euermore. And whan that y^e no¦ble erle Thomas of Lācastre sawe that he wol¦de not consent to hym for no maner thyng syr Andrew he sayd wyll ye not consent to dystroy the venym of the reame as we be consente at one worde syr Andrewe I tel the that are this yere begoō / that ye shall▪ be take and holde for a traytour. and more than ony of you hold vs now / & in worse dethe ye shall deye than euer dyde ony knyght of Englonde. And vnderston¦de wel / that ye dyd neuer thynge That sorer ye shall you repente. And now go and doo what you good lykyth / & I wyll put me in to the mer¦cy of god. And so went the fals traytour tyraū¦ce a fals forsworne man For thrugh the noble erle Thomas of Lancastre he receyued the ar∣mys of Chyualrye / and thrughe hym he was made a knyght. Tho myghte men se archers drawe them in that one syde and in that other and knyghtes also. And foughte tho togyder wonder sore. And also amonge all other Hum¦froy de Boughon Erle of Herforde a worthy knyght of renoune thrugh out all crystendom stode a fought with his enmyes vppon y^e bryd¦ge. and as the noble lord stode & foughte vpon the brydge a theyf rybaude sculkyd vnder the brydge / & fyersly with a spere. smote the noble knyght in to y^e fūdement / so y^t his bowellys ca¦me out aboute his fete ther. Alas for sorowe & pyte. For there was slayne the floure of solace & of comforth / & also of curteysye. ¶And Syr Roger Clyfforde a noble & a worthy knyghte stode euer & fought / and well & worthyly hym defended as a noble baron. But at the last he was sore woundyd in his heed / And syr Wylly¦am of Sullaynde. & syr Roger of Benfeelde were slayne at that batayll. whan syr Andre∣we of Herkela sawe that syr thomas mē of Lā¦castre / lassed & slakyd. anone he and hys com∣pany came vnto the gentyll knyght syr Tho∣mas & layd vnto hym in an hyghe voyce yelde the traytour yelde the. The gentyll erle Tho∣mas of Lancastre answered thenne and sayde Nay lordes traitours we ben none and to you we wyll neuer vs yelde whyle that oure lyues last But leuer we had to be slayne in our thruth than yelde vs vnto you. And syre Andrewe ••¦en gardyd vppon syr Thomas and hys com∣pany / yellynge and cryenge lyke a wode wulf yelde you traytours taken yelde you / and say∣de wyth an hyghe voys Beware syres y^t none of you be so hardy vpon lyf and lymme to mys do Thomas body of Lācastre / And wyth that worde the good erle Thomas yede into the cas¦tell / & sayd knelynge vpon hys knees and tor∣ned hys vysage to warde the crosse and sayd al¦myghty god to the I yelde / & holy I put me vn¦to thy mercy. and wyth that the vylaynes and rybaudes lept aboute hym on euery syde as ty¦raūtes & wood tormentours & dyspoyled hym of his armoure & clothed hym in a ••obe of ray•• that was of his squyres lyuetay •• and forth lad¦de hym unto yorke by water. Tho myght men see moche sorowe & care For the gentyl knygh¦tes sledde on euery syde & y^e rybaudes and the vyllayns egerly. them dyscryed / and cryed on hyghe yelde traytours yelde you. And whan they were yelden they were robbyd & bounden as theuys. Alas the shame and dyspyte that the gentyll orde of knyghthode had there at that batayll. And the londe was tho without lawe For holy chyrche had tho nomore creuereence than it had be a burdell hous / And in that ba∣tyall was the fader ayenst the sone •• and the vn¦cle ayenst the neuewe. For so moche vnkynde¦nesse / was neuer seen before in Englonde / as that tyme amonge folkes of one nacyon. For one kynred had noo more pyte of that other. than an hungry wulf hathe of a shepe / And it

was no wonder. For the grete lordes of Eng∣londe were not alle of one nacyon / But were medlyd with other nacōns / That is for to say some / Brytons / some Saxons / some Danys / some Pehypes / some Frenssemen / some Nor∣mans / some Spanyerdes / some Romayns / some Henaude some Flemynges and other dy¦uers nacyons the whyche nacyons accordyd not to the kynde blood of Englonde. And yf soo grete lordes had be oonly weddyd to En∣glysshe people. Thenne sholde peas haue ben and reste amonge theym without ony enuye. And at that batayll was Roger Clyfforde ta∣ke. syr Iohn̄ Mombray syr wyllyam Tuchy•• Syr wyllyam fitz wyllyam / and many other worthy knyghtes there take at that batayll & Syr Hugh Dandell nette daye after was ta∣ken and put in to pryson / and sholde haue be doon to dethe yf he hadde not spousyd the kyn¦ges nece / that was Erle Gylbertes syster of Gloucestre •• and anon after was syr Berthyl¦mewe of Badelesmore taken at Stow parke a maneyr of the bysshop of Lyncoln that was his neuewe & many other barons and baro∣netters. wherfore was made moche sorowe.

¶How Thomas of Lancastre was heedyd at Pountfret / and .v. barons hangyd and drawen there

ANd now I shall tell you of the noble er¦le Thomas of Lancastre. wha he was take & brought to yorke / many of the cyte we∣re full glade and vpon hym cryed with an hy¦ght voys O syr traytour ye be welcome. bles∣syd be god for now ye shall haue the rewarde / that longe ye haue deserued. And caste vppon hym many snowe balles / & many other repre∣ues they dyd hym. But the gentyll erle all suf∣fred / & sayd nother o worde nor other. ¶And at the same tyme y^e kyng herde of thys scōfytu¦re / & was ful glad & Ioyous / & in grete hast ca¦me to Poūtfret. And syr Hugh Spenser. and syr Hugh his sone / & syr Iohn̄ erle of Arundell and syr Edmonde of wodestoke y^e kynges bro¦ther erle of Kent. & syr Aymer of valaunce erle of Penbroke and mayster Robert Baldoke. a fals pyllyd clerke / that was pryue / and dwel∣led in the kynges court / & all came theder wyth the kynge. And the kyng entryd in to the castel and Syr Andrewe of Herkela a fals tyraunte thrugh the kynges cōmaundement. toke wyth hym the gentyll Erle. Thomas to Pountfret and there he was prysoned in his owne castell that he had newe made that stode ayenste the abbaye of kynge Edwarde. ¶And syr Hugh Spenser the fader & the sone cast and thought how & in what maner the good erle Thomas of Lancastre sholde be deed / wythoute Iuge∣ment of hys perys. wherfore it was ordeyned thrugh the kynges Iusticus that the kyng shol¦de put vpon hym poyntes of treason. And so it befell that he was ledde to barre before the kynges Iustices bare heed as a theyf / in a fay¦re halle in his owne castell y^t he had made ther in many a fayre feste. both to ryche & to poore. ¶And these where is Iustices syr Hugh Spē¦ser the fader. & Aymer of Balaunce erle of Pē¦broke / syr Edmonde of wodstok erle of Kent / syr Iohan of Brytayne erle of Rychemonde / & syr Robert Malemethrop Iustyce and syre Ro¦berte hym a couplyd in this manere. ¶Tho∣mas court excludeth you of all maner answer Thomas our lorde the kynge / puttyth vppon you▪ that ye haue in hys londe ryden wyth ba∣ner dysplayed ayenst his peas. as a traytour. ¶And with y^e worde the gentyll erle Thomas with an hygh voyce sayd / Nay lordes forsoth and by saynt Thomas I was neuer traytoure ¶The Iustyce sayd ayen tho. Thomas oure lorde the kyng putteth vpon you that ye haue robbyd his folke / and murdred his people as a theyf. Thomas also the kynge puttythe vpon you that he dyscōfyted you & our people wyth his folke / in his owne reame / wherfore. ye wē∣te & fledde to the woode as an outlaw▪ and tho∣mas as a traytoure ye shall be hangyd by rea∣sō. but y^e kynge hathe foryeuen you that Iuge¦ment / for loue of quene Isabell. And Thomas reson wolde y^t ye sholde be hangyd / but y^e kyn∣ge hath foryue you that Iugemēt for by cause & loue of your lygnage. But for asmoche. Tho¦mas as ye were taken fleenge / and as an out∣lawe. the kynge: woll that your heed shalle be smyten of / Anone haue hym oute of prees and brynge hym to his Iugement. ¶Whan the gē¦tyll knyght Thomas had herde all these wor∣des / wyth an hygh voyce he cryed sore wepyn∣ge and sayd alas saynt Thomas fayr fader. A∣las shall I be deed thus Graunt me now bles∣sydful▪ god answere. But all auayled hym no thynge For the cursyd Gascoyns put hym hy¦ther & thyder / & on hym cryed wyth an hyghe voys. O kynge Arthur moost terryble & drede¦full

/ well knowen & shewed now is thyn open traytour. And an euyll deth shalt thou ryght a¦none deye. Haste thou not ryght well deserued it. ¶And thenne thyse cruell folke sette vpon the gode knyhht Thomas for very scorne an olde chaplet that was alle to rente / y^t was not worth an halfe peny. And after that they sette hym vpon a whyte palfroy full vnsemely / & al¦so all bare / wyth an olde brydell. And wyth an horryble noyse they draue hym out of the cas∣tell to warde hys deth / and they cast vpon hym many balles of snowe in dyspyte. And as the traytours lad hym out of the castell tho sayde he these pyteous wordes. And his hondes hel¦de vp on hygh to warde heuen Now the kyng of heuen yeue us mercy for the erthly kyng ha∣the vs forsaken and a frere precher wente with hym out of the castell tyll he came to the place that he endeth his lyfe. vnto whome he shroue hym all hys lyfe. And the gentyll erle helde the frere wonder fast by the clothes & sayd to hym Fayr fader abyde with vs tyll y^t I be deed. for my flesshe quakyth for drede of dethe. ¶And the sothe for to say / The gentyll erle sette hym vpon hys knees / and torned hym to warde the eest: but a rybaude that was called Hygone of mos••••on sette honde vpon the gentyll Erle and sayd in dyspyte of hym Syr traytour torne the towarde the Scottes / thy fowle deth to recey¦ue / & torned to warde the Nosth. The noble er¦le Thomas answered tho wyth a mylde voys and sayd now fayr lordes I shall do your wyll And with that worde y^e frere went from hym sore wepynge. And anone a rybaude wente to hym / & smote of hys heed / the .xi. Kalendas of Auerell. In the yere of grace .M.CCC. & .xxi. ¶Alas that euer suche a gentyll blood sholde be don to deth withouten cause & reason. And traytoursly the kynge was counseylled / whan he thrugh the fals counseyll of the Spenser suf¦fred syr Thomas his vncles sone to be put to suche a deth / & so he beheeded ayenst all maner of reasō / And grete pyte it was also / that suche a noble kynge sholde be dysceyued and mysgo∣uerned thrugh counsell of the fals Spensers / the whyche tho he mayntened thrughe loselry ayenst his honour & also his proffyte. For after warde there fell grete vengaunce in Englon∣de. for by cause of the forsayd· Thomas dethe. whan the gentyll erle of his lyf was passyd. y^e pryour & the monkys of Pounfret gate the bo¦dy of syr Thomas of the kynge & buryed it befo¦re the hyghe awter on the ryght syde. ¶That same daye that thys gentyll knyght was dede / were hangyd and drawen / for the same quarel at Poūtfret syr Wyllyam Tuchet. Syr Wylly¦am. Fitz Wyllyam. syr werreyn of Isell. Syr Henry Bradborn / & syr Wyllyam Cheyne ba∣rons al / and Iohn̄ page esquyrer. and soone af¦ter at yorke were drawen & hangyd syr Roger Clyfforde / syre Iohan of Mambray barons. & syr Goselyne Deuyll knyght. ¶And at Brys¦towe were drawē and hangyd / Syr Henry of wemyngton / & syr Henry Moun••torde barōs ¶And at Gloucerre were drawē and hangyd syr Iohn̄ Gaffarde and syr Wyllyam of Elme¦brughe barons / & at Londō were hangyd and drawen Syr henry Tyes baron. ¶And atte wynchelse syr thomas Clepepyr knyght. And ferthermore to telle of thys cruell occyon atte wyndsore was drawe & hangyd syr Fraunc••s waldēham baron / & at Caunterbury was dra∣wē and handyg syr Berthylmew Badelesmo∣re and syr Berthylmew of Asshe bourucham barons and at Cardyf in walys syr Wylyam Flemmynge baron.

¶How kynge Edwarde wente into Scot¦londe wyth an hundrde thousande mē of ar¦mys / and myght not spede.

SO whan kynge Edwarde of Englon¦de had brought the floure of cheua••▪ vnto theyr deth. thrugh counsell & con••ente of syr Hugh Spenser the fader / & syr Hughe the sone he became as woode as ony lyon▪ & what so euer the Spensers wolde haue it was done So well the kynge louyd theym y^t they myght do with hym all thynge that them lyked wher¦fore the kynge gaaf vnto syr Hughe Spenser the fader y^e erldom of wynchestre and vnto syr Andrewe of Herkela the erldome of Cardoyll•• in preiudyce and in harmynge of hys crowne. And kyng Edwarde tho thrugh counsel of the Spensers dysheryted alle them that had be a∣yenst hym in ony quarel with Thomas of L••∣castre. And many other were dysheryted also / by cause that the Spensers coueyted for to ha∣ue theyr londes. And so they had all that they wold desyre wyth wronge / & ayenst all reason. Tho made the kynge Robert Baldok a fal••e pylled clerke Chaunceler of Englond. thrugh counsell of the forsayde Spensers. ¶And he was a false rybaude / And a coueytouse. And

so they counseylled the kynge moche / that the kyng lete take to hys owne warde all the good¦des of the lordes that were put wrongfully to the deth in to hys owne honde. And aswell they toke the goodes y^t were within hooly chyrche / es the goodes y^t were wythout / & lete theym be put in to hys tresoury in London / & lette them calle hys for feytes. And by there coūsell y^e kyn¦ge wrought for euer more he dysheryted them that the godes ought / & thrugh ther coūsell lete arer a talegge of all the goodes of Englonde / wherfore he was the rychest kyng y^t euer was in Englonde. after wyllyam Bastarde y^t com∣quered Englonde. / And yet thrughe coūsell of them hym semyd y^t he hadde not ynough. But made yet euery towne of Englonde for to fyn¦de a man of armys vpon theyr owne costes / for to go & werre vpon the Scottes y^t were his enmyes / wherfore the kynge went in to Scot¦londe with an houndred thousande men of ar∣mys at wytsontyde in the yere of our lord Ihe¦su Crist .M.CCC.xxii. But the Scottes wen¦te / & hyd them in moūteyns & in wodes and ca¦ryed the Englysshmen fro day to day / that the kynge myght for no manere thynge fynde thē in playne felde / wherfor many Englysshmen that had lytyl vytaylles deyed ther for hungre wonder fast an sodenly in goynge and comyn¦ge and namely tho that had bene ayenst Tho∣mas of Lancastre & robbyd his men vpon hys londes. whan kynge Edwarde sawe that vy∣taylles fayled hym / he was wonder sore dys∣comfyted. bycause also y^t hys men deyed. & for he myght not spede of his enmyes. So att the last he came ayen in to Englonde / & anone af∣ter came Iames Douglas and also Thomas Radulph with an huge hooste into Englonde in to Northumberlonde / and wyth them the Englysshmen that were dryuen out of Eng∣londe / and came and robbed the countree / and slewe y^e people / & also brente the twone y^t was callyd Northallerton & many other twones to yorke. And whan the kynge herde thys tydyn∣ges he lete so mane all maner men that myght trauyllee. And so the Englysshmen mette the Scottes at y^e abbay of Beyghelande the .xv. day after Mygelmas. en the same yere aboue sayd / and the Englysshmen were there dyscon¦fyted. And at that dyscomfyture was take syr Iohan of Brytayne Erle of Rychmonde that helde the countree & the erldome of Lancastre and after he payed an huge raunsonne & was lete goo. And after that he wente in to Fraun∣ce and came neuer after agayne.

¶How syr Andrewe of Herkelay was take and put to deth / that was Erle of Cardoil.

THen at that tyme was syr Andrew of Herkela / y^e new was made erle of Car¦doil / for cause that he had taken the good erle Thomas of Lancastre. ¶He hadde ordeyned thrugh the kynges cōmaundement of Englon¦de. for to bringe hym all the power y^t he myght for to helpe ayenste the Scottes as the abbaye of Beglonde. And whan y^e fals traytour had gadred all the people that he myght & shold ha¦ue come to the kynge vnto the abbaye of Bey¦ghelande / y^e fals traytour ladde them by a no∣ther coūtre thrughe Copelonde. And thrughe therldome of Lancastre / & went thrugh y^e coū¦tree & robbed & slewe the folke all y^t he myght. And ferthermore the fals traytour had take a grete somme of golde and syluer of syr Iames Douglas for to be ayenst the kyng of Englon¦de. & to be helpynge & holdynge with the Scot¦tes / thrugh whose treason the kynge of Eng∣londe was scomfyted at Beyghelande or y^t he came thyder. wherfore the kyng was to ward hym wonder wrothe. and lete pryuely enquere by the coūtre aboute how y^t it was. And some men enquered and aspeyed / so at the laste the trough was foūde & sought. And he atteynte & take as fals traytour / as y^e gode erle Thomas of Lancastre hym tolde of y^t he was pute vnto deth at hys ta••ynge att Burbrugge. & to hym sayd. Or y^e that were doon he sholde be take & holde a traytour And so it was as the holy mā sayd. ¶wherfore the kyng sent pryuely to syr Anthony of Lucy / a knyght of the countre of Cardoil that he sholde take syr Andrew of Her¦kela & put hym vnto the dethe. And to brynge this thynge vnto the ende. the kynge sente hys Commyssion so that thys same Andrewe was take at Cardoill and ladde vnto the barre in the maner of an erle worthyly arayed / & wyth aswerde gyrde aboute hym / and hosyd and spo∣ryd. ¶Tho spake syr Anthoyn in this maner syr Andrewe sayd he the kynge puttyth vpon the for asmoche as thou hast be orpyd ī thy de∣dys / he dyde to the moche honour / & made the erle of Cardoil. & than as a traytour to thy lor¦de laddest the people of hys countere that shold haue holpe hym at the batayll of Beyghel and

and thou laddest them awaye by the countree of Copelande / and thrugh the erldom of Lan¦castre wherfore our lorde the kynge was dys∣comfyted there of the Scottes thrugh thy tre∣ason & falsnesse and yf thou haddest come by ty¦mes he had had the bataylle and treason thou dydest for y^e grete somme of golde & syluer that thou receyued of Iames Douglas a Scot the kynges enmye And our lorde the kynge wyl / y^t the ordre of knyghthode. by the whiche thou re¦ceyued al thyne honour and worshyppe vppon thy body be all brought to nought & thyn esta∣te vndoyne. that other knyghtes of lower de∣gree mowe after beware / whyche lorde hathe the auaunted hugely in dyuerse countrees of Englonde and that al may take ensample by there lorde after warde. truly for to serue. ¶Tho commaunded he anone a knaue / To hew of hys spores of his helys / and after he le∣te breke the serde ouer hys heed. the whiche the kynge yaue hym for to kepe and defende hys londe ther wyth whan he / made hym Erle of Cardoyll. And after he lette hym be vnclothed of hys furred taberde and of hys hode / and of his furryd cotes / and of his gyrdell. ¶And whanne this was done / Syr Anthony sayde thenne vnto hym. Andrewe sayde he Nowe arte thou noo knyghte But a knaue / and for thy treason the kynge wylle that thou shalte be hangyd and drawen and thy heed smyten of / and thy bowels take oute of thy body and bren¦te before the / and thy body quartryd and thy heed sente to London / and there it shall stonde vpon London brydge / and the foure quarters shall be sente to foure townes of Englonde / y^t all other maye beware and chastysed by y^t And as Anthony sayde / so it was done all manere of thynge in the laste daye of Octobre. in the ye¦re of grace .M.iii.C.xxii. yere. And the sonne torned in to blood as the peple it saw / and that dured from the morne tyll .xi. of the cloke.

¶Of the myracles y^t god wrought for saȳt Thomas of Lancastre / wherfore the kynge le¦te close in y^e chyrche dores of y^e pryory of Poūt¦fert / that no mā sholde come therin for to offre

ANd sone after that the good erle Tho∣mas of Lancastre was martryd there was a preest that lōge tyme had be blynde / dre∣med in his slepe / that he sholde go to y^e hylle the¦re the good Erle Thomas of Lancastre was doon vnto deth / and he sholde haue his syghte ayen & so he dremed thre nyghtes sewynge. and the preest lede hym to the same hyll and whā he came to y^e place y^t he was martryd on deuowt∣ly he made there his prayers / And prayed god and saynt Thomas / that he myghte haue hys syght ayen / And he was in hys prayers he lay¦ed hys ryght hōde vpon the same that the gode man was martryd on / & a drope of drye blood and smale sonde cleuyd on hys honde / & there with stryketh his eyen. And anone thrugh the myght of god & saynt Thomas of Lancastre / he had his syght ayen. And thankyd tho almy¦ghty god and saynt Thomas. And whan this myracle was knowen amonge men / the people came thither on euery syde. and knelyd and ma¦de theyr prayers at his tombe that is in the pry¦ory of Pountfret and prayed that holy martyr of socour and of helpe / & god herde there pray∣er. ¶Also there was a yonge chylde drowned in a welle in the towne of Pountfret and was deed thre daye and thre nyghtes. And men ca∣me and layed y^e deed chylde the sayd Thomas tombe the holy martyr / and the chylde arose from dethe to lyfe. as many a man it sawe. ¶And also moche peple were out of ther myn¦de / and god sent them theyr mynde ayen. tho∣rough vertue of that holy man. And god hathe yeue there also to cryppyls theyr goynge / & the crokyd theyr hōdes & there feet / and two blynd also theyr syght. & to many syke folke there ••el∣the of dyuers maladyes for the loue of this go∣de martyr. ¶Also there was a ryche man in Coūdom in Gascoyne and suche a malady he had that al his ryght syde rotyd & fel a way frō hym / that men myght see his lyuer & hys herte and so he stanke / that vnneth they myght co∣me nyghe hym. wherfore hys frendes were for hym wonder sory. But at the last as god wol¦de. they prayed to saynt Thomas of Lancas∣tre / that he wolde pray almyghty god for that prysoner & behyght for to go to Pountfret for to doo theyr pylgrymage / he thought that the Martyr saynt Thomas came to hym. and ano¦ynted alle his sike body / and therwith the good man a woke & was all hole / & his flesshe was re¦stored ayē that before was ro••yd & fallē a way. For whiche myracle the good man and his frē¦des louyd god and saynt Thomas euermore af¦ter. And this good man came into Englonde And toke with him foure felowes: and came to Poūtfret to y^e holy martyr. & dyd theyr pylgry¦mage.

& the good man that was syke came thy¦ther all nakyd / saufe his preuye clothes. And whan they had done. they torned home ayen in to theyr owne coūtre. and tolde of the myra¦cle wher soo euer that they came. ¶And also two men haue ben heelyd there of the morma¦le thrugh helpe of y^e holy martyr / thoughe that euyll be holde in curable. And whan y^e Spen¦sers herde y^t god dyde suche myracles for thys holy man they nolde byleue yt in noo manere wyse•• / but sayde openly that it was grete here¦sye / suche vertue of hym to byleue. and whan syr Hugh Spenser the sone sawe all this doyn¦ge / anone he sente his massager from Pount∣fret there that he dwelled to kyng Edwarde y^t tho was at Grauen at scypton / for cause y^t the kynge sholde vndo y^e pylgrymage / And as the rybaude y^e messager went to warde the kynge for to do his message / he came by the hylle the∣••e the good martyr was doon to dethe. And in the same place he made his ordure / and whan he hadde done. he rode to warde the kynge and a stronge flyre came vpon hym or that he ca∣me to yorke / and tho he shed alle hys bowelles at his fūdment. And whā syr Hugh Spenser herde this tygynges / somdele he was adradde and thoughte for to vndo thys pylgrymage yf he myghte by ony manere a waye / and ano∣ne he wente to the kynge / and sayde that they sholde be in greate sklaundre thrughe out alle crystendome / for the deth of Thomas of Lan¦castre yf y^t he suffred y^e peple to do there pylgry¦mage at Poūtfret & so he counseled the kynge that he cōmaūded to shyt the chyrche dores of Pountfret / in the wyche chyrche y^e holy mar∣tyr was enteryd. and thus they dyd ayenst all fraūchyses of holy chirche so y^e foure yere after myght no pylgryme come to the holy bodye. & bycause the monkes suffred men to come & ho¦nour that holy body of saynt Thomas y^e mar¦tyr. thrugh coūsell of syr Hughe Spenser the sone / and thrugh coūsell of mayster Roberte Baldok the fals pylled clerke. that was y^e kyn¦ges chaūceles. the kyng consented y^t they shol∣de be lette to theyr wages / & lete make warde∣yns ouer there owne good longe tyme / & thr∣oughe cōmaūdement of the forsayd syr Hugh Spenser .xiiii. Gascoynes well armyd kepte the hylle there that the good man saynt Tho∣mas was don vnto his deth so that no pylgry¦me myght come by that way / Full well wente he to haue take crystis myght & hys power & y^e grete boos of miracles / that he shewed for hys martyr saynt thomas thrugh all crystendom And that same tyme the kynge made Roberte of Baldok the fals pylled clerke. thrugh pray¦er of syr Hugh Spēser sone. was made Chaū∣seler of Englonde. And in y^e same tyme was y^e castell of walyngforde holden ayenst the kyn∣ge thrughe prysoners that weren wythin the castell for saynt Thomas loue of Lancastre / wherfore the people of the coūtre came & toke the castell of the prysoners wherfore syr Iohn̄ of Goldyngton knyght and syr Edmonde of Becche prysoners were taken & sent vnto the kyng to Pountfrete & there they were done in pryson. and the forsayd Roger was sent vnto yorke / and there he was drawē & hangyd. And anone after syr Roger Mortymer of wygmo∣re brake out of the tour of London in thys ma¦nere. The forsayd Roger herde that he sholde be drawe & hangyd at London in the morow after say•• Laurence day and on the day before he helde a fayre feest in the toure of Lōdon and there was syre Stephen Segraue constable of the tour and many grete men with them and whan they sholde soupe / the forsayd Stephen sente for all y^e offycers of the tour. & they came & sowped with hym / and whā they sholde take there leue of hym. & squyre y^t was callyd Ste¦phen▪ that was full preuy with the forsayd Ro¦ger thrugh hys counsell. yaue them all suche a drynke that the leest of them all slept two day∣es & two nyghtes. & in the meane tyme he esca∣ped a waye by water / by the thamys and went ouer the see and helde hym in Fraunce. wher∣fore the kynge was sore anoyed / and put the sa¦me Stephen out of his Constabellary.

¶How the quene Isabell went in to Fraun¦ce / for to treate of peas bytwene her lorde y^e kynge of Englonde / and the kynge of Fraū∣ce her broder.

THe kyng went tho vnto London and there thrugh coūsell of syr Hugh Spen∣ser the fader. & of his sone & of mayster Robert Baldok a fals pylled clerke his Chaūcheler. let sease to all the quenes londes into hys hondes. and also all y^e londes that were syre Edwardes his sone. and were so put to theyr wagys / ayēst all maner of reason. & that was thrugh the fals¦nesse of the Spensers. ¶And whan the kyng

of fraunce y^t was quene Isabelles brother her¦de of this falsnesse he was sore anoyed ayenst the kynge of Englonde & his fals counsellers. wherfore he sent a letter to kyng Edward vn¦der his seale· y^t he shold come at a certayne day to do hys homage / & therto he somoned hym. & els he sholde lese all Gascoyne. And so it was ordeyned in Englonde thrugh the kyng & hys coūsel / that quene Isabel sholde go into Fraun¦ce / for to treate of peas bytwene her lorde and her broder. & that Olyuer of yngham shold go into Gascoyne / & haue with hym .vii.M. men armys & moo / to be Seneschall & wardeyne of Gascoyne. & so it was ordeyned that quene I¦sabell / came into Fraunce and with her wente syr aymer of Valaunce erle of Penbroke that was there murdred sodenly in apreuysege / but that was thrugh goddes vengaūce for he was one of the Iustycys that cōsented to saynt tho¦mas deth of Lancastre and wolde neuer after repent hym of that wyckyd dede. And all that tyme syr Olyuer of yngham wente ouer into Gascoyne / & dyde moche harme to y^e kynge of Fraunce & tho he gate ayen that kynge Edwar¦de had loste. and moche more therto.

¶How kynge Edwarde sente syr Edwar∣de hys sone the eldest in to Fraunce.

THe quene Isabell had but a quater of a yere dwelled in Fraunce whan syr Ed¦warde her eldest sone axed leue tho for to go in to Fraūce / for to speke with his moder / Isabel the quene / & his fader the kynge grauntyd him with a good wyll / & sayd to hym go my fayr so¦ne in goddys blyssynge and myn / and thynke for to come ayen as hastely as thou may / And he wēte ouer the see in to Fraunce & the kynge of Fraunce hys vncle receyued hym with mo∣che honour / & sayd vnto hym / Fayr son ye be welcome / and for by cause that your father come not to his homage. for y^e duchye of Guy¦on / as his auncetours were wont for to do. I yeue you that lordshyp holde it of me in hery∣tage as all manerauncetours dyd before you wherfore he was callyd duke of Guyon.

¶How the kynge exyled his quene ysabell & Edwarde her eldest sone.

AS kynge Edwarde of Englonde herde tell how the kyng of Fraunce had yeue the ducye of Guyon vnto syr Edward his so∣ne / without consent and wyll of hym & that is sone had receyued the duchye he became won¦der wrothe. & sente to hys sone by letter / y^t they sholde come ayen in to Englond in all y^e haste that they myght / And the quene Isabel and syr Edwarde her sone were wonder sore a dradde of the kynges menaced. & of hys wrath / pryn∣cypally for the falsnesse of the Spensers / both of the fader / & also the sone. & at his cōmaunde¦ment they wolde not come wherfore kyng Ed¦ward was full sore anoyed / & lete make a crye at London / that yf quene Isabell & Edwarde his eldest sone / came not in Englōde that they sholde be holde as our enmyes / both to the rea¦me & also to the crowne of Englonde & for that they nolde come into englonde / but both were exyled the moder & her sone. ¶Whan the quen herd thyse tydynges. She was sore adradde to be dystroyed / thrughe the fals conyectynge of the Spensers / & wente wyth y^e knyghtes that were exyled out of Englonde / for saynt Tho¦mas cause of Lācastre that is to say syr Roger of wigmore. syr wyllyam Trusell syr Iohan Cromwell & many other good knyghtes wher¦fore they toke theyr counsell & ordeyned among them / for to make a maryage bytwene y^e duke of Guyhenne y^e kynges sone of Englond & y^e erles doughter of Henaude / that was a noble knyght of name. and doughty in hys tyme. & yf that thynge myght be brought a bowte then̄e stode they trowynge wyth the helpe of god and with his helpe to recouer theyr herytage in En¦glond / wherfore they were put out thrugh the fals cocnectynge of the Spensers.

¶How kyng Edwarde thrugh coūsel of the Spensers sent to the Douzephers of Fraūce. y^t they shold helpe that y^e quene Isabell & her sone syr Edwarde were exyled out of Fraunce.

AS kynge Edwarde and the Spensers herde how that quene Isabell & syr Ed∣warde her sone▪ had alyed them to the Erle of Henaude / & to them that were exyled out of en¦glonde for cause of thomas of Lancastre they were so sory that they wyst not what for to do / wherfore syr Hugh Spenser the sone sayde to syr Hugh the fader in this maner wyse. Fader cursyd by the tyme & the counsel that euer ye cō¦sented that the quene Isabell sholde goo in to Fraunce / for to treate of accorde betwene the kynge of Englonde & her broder the kynge of fraunce for that was your counsell. for at that tyme for soch your wytt fayled / for I drede me sore / leest thrugh her & her sone we shall be dys∣troyed.

But yf we take the better counseylle. ¶Now fayre syres vnderstonde / howe mer∣ueylous felony & falshede the Spensers yma∣gyned & cast. For pryuely they lete fyll fyue ba¦relles ferrours with syluer / the sōme amoūtyd .v.M. pounde. & they sent those barelles ouer ••ee pryuely by an alyaunt / that was callyd Ar¦nold of Spayne / that was a broker of Lōdon That he sholde go to the Douzepers of Fraū∣ce / that they sholde procure / and speke to the kyng of Fraunce / that quene Isabell & her so¦ne Edwarde wer dryuen & exyled out of Fraū¦ce. And amonge all other thynges. That ther were braught to y^e deth as pryuely as they my¦ghte but almyghty god wold not so / for whan this Arnold was in the hygh see / he was take wi••h Selanders that mette hym in the hyghe see and toke hym and ladde hym to the erle of Henaude theyr lorde & moche Ioye was made for that takynge. And at the laste this Arnold pryuely stele a waye from thens. And came to London And of thys takynge & of other thyn∣••••s the erle of Henaude sayd to the quene Isa∣bell. Dame make you mery & be of good there for ye be rycher than ye wened for to be / & take thyse fyue barelles full of syluer. that were s••••¦te to the Dourpers of France for to slee you & youre sone Edwarde. and thynke you hastely for to goo in to Englonde / and take with you Syre Iohan of Henaude my brother / and .v. hoūdred men of armys. For many of them of Fraunce in whom ye haue had grete truste do¦ne you for to scorne. and almyghty god graun¦te you that grace your enmyes to ouercome. ¶The quene Isabell sent tho thrugh Henau¦de and Flaundres / for her souldyours / & orde∣ned her euery daye for to go in to Englonde a∣yen / & so she had in her company syr Edmon∣de of wodstok. that was erle of Kent. that was syr Edwardes broder of Englde.

¶How kynge Edwarde lette kepe the cos∣tes by the see. and lete trye all the pryce men of armys and foot men thrugh Englonde.

AS kynge Edwarde herde telle y^e quen Isabell & Edwarde her sone. wolde co¦me in to englonde / wyth a grete power of aly∣aūtes. & with them y^t were outlawed out of en∣glonde for there rebellyousnesse. he was sore a dradde to be put downe / & for to lese his kyng∣dom wherfore he ordeyned to kepe hys castels in walys as well as in Englond / with vytayl¦lers & theyr appa••ylles / and lette kepe hys ry∣uers & also y^e. & at y^e feest of Decolaciō of saynt Iohn̄ Baptyst y^e Cytezyns of London sent to the kyng to Prochestre an .C. men of armys. & also he cōmaūded by hys letters ordeyend / y^t e∣uery hundred & wepētake ••otrye as wel men of armys as men on foot. and y^t they sholde be put in .xx. sōme. and in an hundred sōme / And commaunded y^e alle tho men were redy whan ony shoute or crye were made / for to purpose & take the alyauntis y^t came in to Englond for to ben bme hym the londe for to put him out of his kyngdon / And more ouer he lete crye tho∣rugh his patent in euery fayre & in euery mar¦ket of Englonde / y^t the quene Isabell & syr Ed∣warde his eldest sone. & the erle of Kent. y^t they were take. and saufly kepte without ony ma∣nere harme vnto them doynge / & all other ma¦nere people y^t come with them. anone smyte of ther hedys. without ony manere raunsom ta∣kynge of them. And what man myght brynge syr Rogeres mortymer heed of wygmore. shol¦de haue an hūdred poūde of money for his tra¦uall. ¶And ferthermore he ordened by his pa¦trent & cōmaunded to make. a fyre vpon euery hyll / besyde the ryuers and in lowe countrees. for to make hyghe bekenesse of rymbre. That yf it so were that the alyuntes came vnto lon∣de by nyght tyme that then̄e the Inhabycaun¦tys there aboute sholde endeuoyr them selfe in goodly hast to lyght & fyre y^e bekenes that the countree maye be warned & come & mete there enmyes. And in y^e tyme deyed syr Roger Mor¦tymyer his vcle in the toure of London.

¶How the quene Isabell and syr Edward duke of Guyhenne her sone came in to Lon¦don at her with / and how they dyde.

AS quene Isabell and syr Edwarde her sone duke yf Guyhenne syr Edwarde of wodstok erle of Kente / & syr Iohn̄ the erles brother of Henaude & there company. dradde not the menace of y^e kyng ne of hys traytours for they trusted all in goddys grace / & came to Her with in South floke y^e .xxiii. daye of Sep¦tembre / in the yere of grace .M.CCC.xxvi. And the quene & syre Edwarde her sone sent letters to the Mayre & comynalte of London requyrynge them / that they sholde be helpyn∣ge in the quarell and cause that they had / that is to saye to dystroye the traytours of the rea∣me. But none answeres were sent ayen: whe••¦fore

the quene and syr Edwarde her sone sent a nother patent letter vnder the seases the te∣nour of whiche letter here folowyth in this ma¦ner. ¶Isabell by the grace of god quene of en∣glonde / lady of Irlonde / and coūtesse of Poun¦tyf / and we Edwarde the eldest sone of the kyn¦ge of Englond. duke of guyon / erle of Chestre of Pauntyf / & of moustroyl. to the Mayre & to all the comynaltee of the cytee of London sen¦dyth gretynge for asmoche as we haue before the tyme / sent to you by your letters / how we be come into thys londe in good arraye and in good manere / for the maner / for the honour & profyte of holy chyrche and of our dere lorde y^e kyng and all the reame with al the reame with all our myght and power / to kepe / and mayn¦tene / as we / and al the good folke of the forsayd reame are holden to doo. And vppon that we praye you that ye wolde be helpynge to vs in as moche as ye maye in this quarell that is for the comune profyte of the forsayd reame / and we haue had to this tyme none answere of the forsayde letters •• ne knowe not your mynde in that party. wherfore we sende to you ayen and praye & charge you chat ye bere you so ayenste vs / that we haue no cause to greue you / but y^e ye ben vnto vs helpynge by all the wayes that ye maye or may knowe / For wytte ye well in certē that we and all that be come with vs into thys reame / thynke not to do ony thynge. but that thynge that shall be for the comyn profyte of all the reame / but oonly to destroye Hugh Spēser our enmye and enmye to all the reame as ye it wel knowe. wherfore I praye you / and charge you in y^e fayth that ye owe vnto our lye¦ge lord y^e kynge & to vs / & vpon al that ye shall mowe for fayre ayen vs. that yf the sayd spen∣ser our enmye come within your power / that ye do hym hastely to be take / & saufly kepe vn∣tyll ye haue ordeyned of hym our wyll & y^e ye le¦ue it not in no maner wyse as ye desyre honour & profyte of vs all & of all y^e reame. Vnderston¦dynge ye ryght well that yf ye do this our pray¦er and streyghte cōmaundemēt / we thynke vs so moche the more beholdynge vnto you. And also ye shall gete you worshyp & also profyte. yf ye sende as hastely answere of all your wyll a∣yen at Baldok the syxte daye of Octobre. whi¦che letter in the dawnynge of the day of saynt Denys / was tackyd vppon the newe crosse in Chepe / and many topyes of the same letter we¦re tackyd vpon wyndowes and dores & vpon other places in the cyte of london / that all men passynge by the way myght them rede and se / And in the same tyme kyng Edwarde was at London in the toure at his mete / And a messa∣ger came in to the halle & sayde / that the quene Isabell was come to londe at Herewhiche. and hath brought in her company syr Iohan of He∣nande & with hym mē of armes without nom∣bre. And with that worde syr Hugh Spenser y^e fader spake / & thus vnto the kynge sayd. My moost worshypfull lorde & kynge of Englond now make good chere for certenly they ben all oures. The kynge sawe this worde comforta¦ble. yet he was fulle sorowfull & pensyf in hys herte And the kynge had not fully eten but the¦re came in to the halle a nother messager / & say¦de that the quene Isabell was arryued at Her whiche besyde ypswytche in Soutfolke Syr Hugh Spenser the fader spake to the messager & sayd / Tell sothe in gode fayth my fayre fren∣des: is she come with a grete strenth. Now c••••¦tes the sothe for to saye syr sayd the messager. She ne hath in her companye but v••. hoūderd men of armys. And with that worde syr Hu∣ghe Spenser the fader cryed with an hygh voi¦ce & sayd / Alas alas we ben alle betrayes. For¦tes with so lytell power she had neuer come to londe / but yf folke of thys lōde were vnto her concente. And therfore after there mete they toke counsell. and went to warde walys for to arere the walsshmen ayenst the quene Isabell and Edwarde her sone / all for to ryght and so they were in purpose euery chone.

¶How mayster water Stapylton bysshop of Excetre that was y^e kynges tresorer was heedyd at London

ANd in the same tyme kynge Edwarde was sore adradde. leest that men of lon¦don wolde yelde theym vnto the quene Isabell And to her sone Edwarde / wherfore he sette mayster walter Stapylton his tresorer for to be wardeyne / and keper of the cyte of Londō / with the Mayre / And soo came to the Gylde¦ha••••e of London: and axed the keyes of the ya∣tes of the Cyte / thrughe vertu & strength of hys commyssyon & wolde haue had the kepynge of the cite And y^e comuners answered: & sayd that they wolde kepe the cyte to the honour of kyn¦ge Edwarde & of Isabell the quene / & of y^e du∣ke the kynges sone without ony more. the bys¦shop

tho was sore onoyed / & swore othes / they all sholde abye it anone as the kynge Edward were come out of walyes. ¶And y^e comuners all anone of the cyte toke y^e bysshop & lad hym anone amyddes of the Chepe / & ther they smo¦te of his heed / & set his heed in his ryght honde And forth with the same comyns of the cyte of London by heedyd two of his squyres y^t helde with the bysshop / and one of them was callyd wylliam of wayle / y^t was the bysshops neuew And that other was callyd Iohn̄ of Padyntō. And also they toke a burgeys of Lōdon y^t was callyd Iohn̄ Mershall. that was syr Hugh spē¦ser espye the fader & smote of his heed also: & in that same tyme y^e bysshop had in London a fa¦yr toure in makynge in his close / vpon the ry¦uer Temse y^t was withou•• temple barre / & he fayled stone to make therof an ende & he com∣maūded his men to go the frere Carmes / and there they toke stone to make ther with the tou¦re / & moche sonde & morter & olde robous that was left. And for the dyspyte the bysshop had done vnto holy chyrche / he & hys two squyres were buryed in that sonde. As thoughe they had ben houndes / and there they laye .xi. we∣kes tyll that the quene Isabell sent her letters to the comuners / & prayed them that they wol¦de suffre and graunte. that the bysshop myght be take out of that place / & be buryed at Exce∣tre at his owne chyrche And soo he was / & hys two squyres were buryed at saynt Clementes chyrche without temple barre. And it •• was no wonder thoughe that bysshop deyed an euyll deth. For he was a coueytous man & had wyth hym no mercy / & euyll counseylled the kynge. And soone after was Arnold of Spayne take. that assētye to lede the .v.M.li. of syluer in fy∣ue barelles feryers vnto y^e douzepers of Fraū¦ce / for to helpe & haste the quene Isabell to her deth. And Edwarde her sone also. and this Ar¦nold was put to deth without the cyte·

¶How kynge Edwarde & syr Hugh Spen¦ser and the erle of Arundell were taken.

AS kynge Edwarde had sente mayster walter Stapylton / hys tresorer in to London / for to kepe the cyte vnto hym ayenst the quene Isabell hys wyf / & ayenst Edwarde his sone anone hymself toke with hym syr Hu¦ghe Spenser the sone. & syr Iohn̄ of Arundell and mayster Robert Baldok hys Chaunceler a fals pylled clerke & toke theyr waye to warde Brystowe / And there the kynge abode a lytyll tyme / and made syr Hugh Spenser the fader as Conestable and keper of the castel. Ane the kynge & that other Spenser went to shyppe / and saylled to warde walys / & toke noo leue of the kynges Stewarde / ne of none of the kyn∣gys housholde / & went ouer in to walys for to arere the walsshmen ayenst dame Isabell the quene & the duke her sone / And the erle of Ken¦te / and syr Iohn̄ Henaude / And he wente and pursued after them / And theyr power encrea¦cyd euery daye / So at the laste the kynge was taken vpon an hyll in walys / and Syr Hugh Spenser the sone in that othersyde of y^e same hylle / & the false pylled clerke mayster Robert Baldok there faste besyde theym. And were broughte ayen in to Englonde / as almyghty god wolde / And the kyng hymself was put in sauf kepynge in the castel of Kenylworth / and hym kept syr Henry y^t was saynt Thomas bro¦ther of Lancastre / and syr Hugh the fader ca¦me & put hym in the quenes grace & Edwarde her sone duke of Guyon / but syr Hugh Spen∣ser after y^e tyme that he was take. wolde neuer eete no more meete ne drynke no maner dryn∣ke / for he wyste to haue no mercy / sauf only to be deed. ¶And the quene & her counsell had or¦deyned / that he sholde haue be doon to deth at London. But he was soo feble for hys moche fastynge y^t he was nygh deed & therfore it was ordeyned. y^t he shold haue his Iugement at her forde. & at a place of the toure hys heed was ta∣ke from his body & also fro Robert Baldok y^t was a fals pylled clerke & the kynges chaunce∣ler. And men sette vpon theyr heedys chaplet∣tys of sharpe netles / and two squyres blewe in ther eerys / with two grete bugle hornes / vpon the twoo prysoners. that men myght here ther blowen oute wyth hornes more than a myle. & one Symond of Rydynge y^e kynges Marshall bare before them vpon a spere ther armys re∣uersyd / in token / that he sholde be vndon for euermore. And vpon the morowe was syr Hu∣ghe Spenser the sone dampned to dethe & was drawen hangyd & heedyd. & hys bowels taken out of hys body. & brent. & after y^t he was quar∣tred / & hys four quarters were sent to the four townes of Englonde / & his heed sente to Lon¦don brydge / And this Symond for cause y^t he dyspysyd quene Isabell / he was drawen & han¦ged in a stage made a myddes the forsayd syr

Hughes galowes. And the same daye a lytell from thens was syr Iohan of Arundell be hed¦dyd by cause he was one of syr Hugh spensers counselers. And anone after was syr Hughe Spenser fader hangyd and drawē / & heedyd at Brystow / and after hangyd ayē by the armys with two stronge ropes. & the fourth day after he was hewen all to pecys / & houndes ete hym. And bycause that y^e kyng had yeuen hym y^e erl¦dom of wynchestre hys heed was sent thether and put vpō a spere / And the fals Baldok was sent to London & ther he deyed in pryson amō∣ge theues / for men dyd hym nomore reueren∣ce / than they wolde do vnto an hounde. And so deyed the traytours of Englond blessyd be al∣myghty god. And it was no wonder. for thru¦ghe there coūsel the good erle Thomas of Lan¦castre was doō vnto dethe & all that helde with Thomas of Lancastre thrugh y^e traytours we¦re vndone & all theyr heyres dysheryted.

¶How kynge Edwarde was put downe / and his dygnyte take from hym.

ANd anone after as all this was doone. the quene Isabell and Edward her so¦ne and all the grete lordes of Englonde at one assente / sente to kynge Edwarde to the castell of Kenylworth / there as he was in kepyng vn¦der the warde of syr Iohan Hachin. that was the bysshop of Ely. and of syr Iohan of Pereye a baron / for bycause that he shold ordeyne hys parlement at a certayne place in Englond for to redresse & amende the state of y^e reame. And kynge Edwarde them answerde & sayde Lor¦des sayd he ye se ful well how it is. Lo here my seale / & I gyue to you all my power for to calle and ordeyne a parlement where that ye wyll. ¶And thenne they toke theyr leue of hym & ca¦me ayen to the barons of Englōde / And whan they hadde the kynges Patent of this thynge / they shewed it to the lordes. And tho was ordey¦ned / that parlemente sholde be at westmestre. at the Vtas of saynt Hylary / And all the grete lordes of Englonde lete ordeyned theym there ayenst that tyme that the parlement sholde be And at whiche daye y^e parlement was the kyn¦ge wolde not come there for no maner of thyn∣ge / as he had sete hȳ self & assygned. And neuer¦theles the barons sent vnto hym oo tyme and other. And he swore by goddys souie. that he wolde not come there oo fote wherfore it was ordeyned by all the grete lordes of Englonde / that he sholde no lenger be kynge / but be depe∣sed And sayd / that they wolde crowne Edwar¦de his sone / the elder / that was y^e duke of Guy∣henne. And sent tydynges vnto the kynge the¦re that he was in warde vnder syr Iohan Erle of Garen. & syr Iohn̄ of Bothun. that was bys¦shop of Ely / & syr Henry Percy a baron / & syr wyllyā Trusell a knyght / that was with y^e Er¦le syre Thomas of Lancastre •• for to yelde vp there homages vnto hym for all them of Eng¦londe. ¶And syr wyllyam trussell sayd thyse wordes. ¶Syr Edwarde for cause that he ha¦ue trayed your people of Englonde & haue vn¦done many grete lordes of Englonde without ony cause / ye shal be deposyd / & now ye be with stand thankyd be god / And also for cause that ye wolde not come to the parlemēt as ye ordey¦ned att westmestre / as in your letter patent is conteyned / for to treate wyth your owne lyege men as a kynge sholde. And therfore thrughe al y^e comyns assente / & all the lordes of Englon¦de / I tell vnto you these wordes ▪ ye shal••e vn∣derstōde syr / that y^e barons of Englond at one assente / wyll that ye be no more kynge of En∣glonde but vtterly haue put you out of youre ryalte for euer more / And the bysshop of Ely sayd tho to the kynge syr Edwarde I yelde vp feaute & homage for alle the Archebisshops and bysshops of Englonde & for all the clergy Tho sayd syr Iohan erle of Garenne syr Edwarde I yelde vp here vnto you feaute & homage for me and for alle the erles of Englonde. ¶And syr Henry Percy yaue vp also his homage for hym & for al the barons of Englonde. And tho sayde syr wyllyam Cruscell / I yelde vp nowe vnto you myn homage for me & also for all the knyghtes of Englonde & for all them that hol∣de by seryaūtre. or by ony other thynge of you so that from thys daye after ye shall not be cla∣myd kynge / nother for kyng be holde for a syn¦guler man of all the people. ¶And so they wē¦te thens to London that the lordes of En¦glonde them abode / and syre Edwarde abode in pryson in good kepynge / And thys was on the daye of the Conuersyon of saynt Poule in the .xx. yere of his regne.

¶Of the prophecye of Merlyn declared of kynge Edwarde the sone of kynge Ed¦warde the fyrste.

OF this kyng Edwarde prophecyed mer¦lyn & sayd that there sholde come a gote

••t of Carre that sholde haue hornes of syluer & aberde as white as snowe. And a drope shol¦de come out of his nosethrylles / y^t sholde beto∣ken moche harme Hungre / & dethe of people & grete losse of his londe / And that in the begyn∣nynge of his reyge sholde be haūted moche le∣chery. And he sayd sothe. alas y^e tyme For kyn¦ge Edwarde y^t was kyng Edwarde sone was borne att Carnaryuane in walys for sothe he hornes of syluer: & a berde as whyte as snowe whan he was made prynce of walys to moche he yaue hym to ryot. and to foly And so moche Merlyn in hys prohhecye y^t there sholde come out of his nose a drope. For in hys tyme was grete hungre amonge the poore people / & strō¦ge deth amonge the ryche / y^t deyed in straunge londe wyth moche sorowe / & in were in Soct∣londe. And after he loste Scotlonde & Gascoy¦ne / and whyle that hymselfe was kynge there was moche lechery haūtyd. ¶And also Mer∣lyn tolde and sayd that this gote shold seke the floure of lyf and of deth and he sayd sothe. For he spowsyd Isabell the kyng{is} syster of Fraūce And in his tyme Merlyn sayd / that there shol∣de be made brydges of folke vpon dyches of y^e see / and that was well seen at Bannockysbor¦ne in Scotlonde whan he was dyscōfyted the¦re of the Scottes / And Merlyn tolde also that stones sholde fall from castels. and many tow¦nes sholde be made playne. And he sayd sothe / For whan that kynge Edwarde was dyscō¦fyted in Scotlonde & came tho south warde / y^e Scottes besegyd the castels / & dyde them mo∣che harme & brent townes in to the herde erth ¶And after ward Merlyn tolde that an Egle sholde come of Corne wayle / that sholde haue feders of golde / y^t of pryde shold haue no pere & he shelde dyspyse lordes of blod & after he shol¦de dey throgh a beer at Gauersych & that pro∣phecye was full well knowe & funde sothe For by the egle vnderstonde syr Pers of ganaston that tho was erle of Corne wayle y^t was a won¦der proude man that dyspysed y^e baronage of Englonde. but after warde he was heeded act Gauersich thrughe the erle of Lancastre and thrugh therle of warwyk. ¶And merlyn tol∣de / that in his tyme it sholde seme that the beer sholde brenne & that batayll sholde be vpon an arme of the see in an felde / arayed lyke a shelde where sholde deye many whyte hedes. And he sayd sothe. For by the brynnynge of the beer yt betokenyd grete drede thrugh kyttyng of swer¦des at that bataylle of Myton / for there came the Scottes in manere of a s••elde / in maner of a wynge and slewe men of relegyon prestes & seculers / wherfore the Scottes callyd that ba¦tayll in dyspyce of the Englyssmen / the whych batayll. And after Merlyn sayde the forsayde beer sholde do the gote moche harme. and that sholde be vpon the south west. & also vpon hys blode / And sayde also / that the gote sholde lese moche deale of his londe. tyll the tyme y^e shame sholde hym ouer come / & them he sholde clothe hm in a lyons skyn̄e sholde wynne ayen that he had lost and more thrugh people that sholde come out of the Northwest / that sholde make hym to be a ferde. And hym auenge vppon his enmyes thrugh counsell of two owles / y^e fyrst sholde be in pa••yll to be vndone. And that tho two owles shold go ouer see in to straūge lond. And there they sholde dwelle vnto a certayne tyme. and thenne they sholde come in to Eng∣londe ayen / And tho owles sholde doo moche harme vnto many one. And that they sholde counsell the gote to meue warre ayenst the for¦sayd beer. And the gote and the owles. sholde to an arme of the see at Burton trente / & shol∣de go ouer / & that for drede the beer sholde flee with a swanne in companye to Bury towar∣de the. North. thrugh an vnkynde outpulter / and that the swanne then̄e shall be slayne wyth sorowe / and the beer sholde be slayne ful nyghe his owne nest. that sholde stonde vppon poun∣fret / vpon whom the sonne shall shede his bee∣mes. And many folke hym shalle seke for ver∣tue. And he sayd sothe. For the good erle Tho¦mas of Lancastre was borne in y^e Northwest And cosyn to the kynge. & his vncles sone. and by lawe he made the kynge lese moche londe / the whiche he had purchacyd wylfully. tyll at the last the kyng toke therof shame / & hym self slewe with cruelte And after he gate ayen that he had lost / and moche more thrugh folke that he ••ette assēble out of y^e Northwest / tha•• made hym to be adradde. And auengyd hym on his barons / thrugh counsell of syr Hugh Spenser the fader / and of syr Hugh the sone that before were outlawed for theyr wyckydnesse· But af¦terwarde they came ayen in to Englonde / syr

••e wer•••• vpon Thomas of Lancast••••. Soo y^t the kynge and the Spensers & the erle of Arun¦dell and theyr power mette wyth Thomas of Lancastre 〈◊〉〈◊〉 Burton vpon trente / and hym there dyscomfyted and syr Vmfroy erle of her forde was in his company. And after fledde y^e forsayd Thomas and Humfroy with theyr cō∣pany to burbrugge metinge with syr Andrew of Herkela / that is callyd the vnkynde outpul∣ter / and also syr▪ Symonde warde erle of yor∣ke came and mette with Thomas of Lancas¦tre with an huge power / and thē dyscomfyted & in that scomfyture the erle of Herforde was slayne vpō the brydge cowardly wyth spere in the foundement. and the erle Thomas was ta¦ke & ladde vnto Poūfret. and tho was heedyd besyde his owne castell. But afterwarde ma∣ny hym sought for myracles that god dyde for hym. ¶And in that tyme Merlyn sayd. for so¦rowe and harme shold deye a people of his lon¦de / wherfore many londes shold be vpon hym the more bolder / and he sayd sothe for bycause of his barons that were doone to dethe for saȳt Thomas quarell of Lancastre. peple of many londes became the bolder / for to meue werre v¦pō the kyng / for theyr blood was torned to ma¦ny nacyons. And afterwarde Merlyn tolde & sayd that the forsayd owles sholde doo moche harme vnto the flour of lyf and deth / and they shold brynge her to moche / dysese. So that she sholde go ouer see into Fraunce. for to make pe¦as to the floure delyte. & there sholde abyde tyll a time her sede sholde come and fetche her / and tho they sholde abyde bothe tyll the tyme that they sholde clothe them wyth grace / & tho two owles she sholde seke. And put thē to pyteuous deth. And that prophecy was full well knowe. and was full sothe / for syr Hugh Spenser the fader. and syr Hugh the sone / dyde moche soro¦we & persecucyon vnto y^e quene Isabel thrugh theyr procurement to her lorde the kynge / So they ordeyned amonge them. that she was wa¦gys. That is to saye .xx. shelynges in the daye wherfore y^e kynge of Fraūce her brother was sore anoyed. and sente into Englonde by his let¦ters vnto kynge Edwarde to come vnto hys parlement to Parys in Fraunce. But kynge Edwarde was sore adradde to come there / for he wende to haue be arestyd tyll y^t he had made amendes for the trespase y^e syr Hugh Spenser the fader and the sone had done and for y^e har∣me that they had done vnto quene Isabell h•••• syster / wherfore thrughe hys ordynaunce and consente of the. Spensers. the quene Isabell went ouer see in to Fraunce for to make accor¦de betwene kynge Edwarde and the kynge of Fraunce her brother. And ther dwellyd she in Fraunce tyll Edwarde her Eldest sone came her for to seke / and so they dwellyd there both tyll that alyaunce was made bytwene thē and the gentyll erle of Henaude / that yf they wyth ther vertue myght dystroye and ouercome the venym and the falsnesse of the Spenser / that syr Edwarde sholde spowse dome Phylyp the worshypfull lady / & the erles doughter of He∣naude / wherfore the quene Isabel and Edwar¦de her sone / and syr Edwarde of wodstok the kynges brother of Englonde / and syr Iohn̄ of Henaude / and syr Roger Mortymer of wyg∣more / and syr Thomas Rocelyn and syr Io∣han of Cromwell and syr wyllyam Trussell / and many other of the alyaunce of the gentyll erle Thomas of Lancastre / that were exyled out of Englonde for his quarel / and were dys¦heryted of theyr londes / ordeyned / them a gre∣te power / and arryued at Here with in South folke / And soone after they pursewed y^e Spen¦se••s tyll that they were takē & put pyteuous de∣the as before is sayd. and theyr cōpany also for the grete falsnes y^t they dyde to kynge Edwar¦de to his peple. ¶And Merlyn sayd also more that the gote sholde be put in grete distresse and in grete angusshe and in grte sorow he sholde be lede his lyf / and he sayd sothe For after the time that kyng Edwarde was take he was put into warde tyll that the Spensers were put to deth / and also bycause that he wolde not come vnto his parlement at. London as he had or∣deyned and assygned hymselfe vnto hys baro∣nage / and also wolde not gouerne. and rule his people / ne his reame as a kynge sholde doo. Wherfore some of the barons of Englonde ca¦me and yelde vp ther homages vnto hym / for theym & al the other of the reame. in the daye of the cōuersyon of saynt Poule in the yere of his regne .xx. And they put hym out of hys ryaltee for euermore / And euer lyued afterwarde in moche sorowe and anguysshe.

LOdowicus was Emperour after Hen¦ry four•• yere. this Lodowicus was du¦ke of Banare and he dyspysed the coronaciō of y^e pope wherfor y^e pope hȳ / & moche labour & de¦posyd

many perylles he had aft. & he trowbled gretly the vnyte of holy chyrche. And thē was chosyn ayenst hym Frederyk y^e duke of Ostry¦che. and he ouer came the duke & abode a rebe∣lyon to hys ende. and in grete peryll to hys sou¦le / And at the last Karolus was chosyn ayenst hym / the whiche preuaylled / and sodenly Lo∣dowic fell downe of his hors and dyscessyd. ¶Iohn̄ Mandeuyll a douctour of physyk & a knyght borne was in Englonde abowte thys tyme. And he made a merueyllous pylgryma∣ge. For he went almoost abowte all the worlde And he wrote his dedys in thre langages. and decessyd· and was buryed at Saynt Albons. ¶Benedictus the .xxii. was pope after Iohn̄ .vii. yeres and more / thys man was a monke / and in all his ynogthe he was of good conuer¦sacyon / and a doctour of dyuinite. And whan he was made pope he refourmed thorder of sa¦ynt Benet in that thynge y^t was nescessary / & he was a harde man to graunt benefyces / lest he had graūtyd it to an vncunnynge man / he made a decretall / the whiche began (Benedic¦tus deus in donis suis) And he was very cruel in fayth / & for that of sommen lytyll louyd / he was so stoute a man that almoost he wold not knowe his owne cosyns.

¶Anno dm̄ .M.CCC.xxii. ¶Of kynge Edwarde the thyrde after the Conqueste.

ANd after this kyng Edwarde Carna∣riuan regned syr Edwarde of wyndso∣re his sone / the whyche was crowned kyng / & anoynted at westmestre / thrugh coūsell & con¦sent of all the grete lordes of y^e reame. the Son¦daye in Candelmasse eue. in the yere of grace. M.CCC.xxvi. that was of aege at that tyme but .xv. yere. And for cause y^t hys fader was in warde in the castell of Kenilworth & also was put downe of his ryaltee / the reame of Englō¦de was without kyng from y^e feest of saynt Ka¦theryn from the yere aboue sayd to the feest of Candelmasse. And tho were all manere plees of the kynges bynche astente. And tho was cō¦maūded to all the Shyrefs of Englonde thru¦ghe wrytte to warne the partyes to defendaū∣tys / thrugh somnynge ayen. And also ferther¦more / that all prysoners y^t were in the kynges gayolles / that were attachid thrugh Shyrefs sholde be lete go quyte. ¶The kynge Edwar∣de after hys coronacyon / at the prayer / & bese∣chynge of his lyege of y^e reame graūtyd them a chartre of stedfast peas to all them that wol∣de it axe / And syr Iohnn of Henaude. and hys company toke his leue of the kynge & of the lor¦des of the reame. & tornyd home to theyr owne coūtre ayen. And eche of them hade full ryche yeftes. euery men as he was of value & estate. ¶And tho was Englond in rest & peas / & gre¦te loue bytwene the kyng & hys lordes. And co¦mynly englysshmen sayd amonges them that the deuyll was dede but the innumerable / tre¦sour of the kyng his fader / & the tresour of the Spensers / both of the fader & of the sone / and of the erle of Arundell / and of mayster Robert Baldok that was the kyng{is} chaūceler was de¦partyd after the quene Isabelles ordynaunce & syr Roger Mortymers of wygmore / so that the kynge hadde noo thynge therof. but at her wyll & her delyuerraūce / ne of theyr lōdes as af¦terwarde ye shall here. ¶How kynge Ed∣warde wēte vnto stāthop for to mete y^e scottes.

ANd yet in the same tyme was the Kyn∣ge in the castell of kenilworth vnder the kepynge of syr Henry / y^t was erle Thomas of Lancastres broder. that tho was erle of Leyce¦tre. And the kynge graūtyd hym y^e erldome of Lancastre / that y^e kyng his fader had seasyd in to his honde & put out Thomas of Lancasters broder. & so was he erle of Lancastre & of Ley∣cetre / and also Stywarde of Englonde as hys broder was in his tyme But syr Edwarde that was kyng Edwardes fader made sorowe wy¦thout ende / by cause he myght not speke wyth hys wyf. ne with his sone / wherfore he was in moche myscheyf / For though it was so that he was ledde & rulyd by fals counseyll / yet he was kyng Edward•• sone callyd Edwarde with the longe shankys / and came out of the worthyest blood of the worlde. and they to whom he was wonte to yeue grete yeftes & large. were most pryue with the kyng hys owne sone / & they we∣re his enmyes bothe nyght & daye / & procured to make debate & contake bytwene hym & hys sone / & Isabell his wyf But the frere prechers were to hym gode frēdes euer more & cast both by nyghte & by daye. how they myghte brynge hym out of pryson. And amonge theyr compa∣ny that y^e freres had priuely brought / ther was a frere y^t was callyd / Dunhened •• and he had or¦deyned & gadryd a grete cōpany of folke to ke∣pe att that nede / but y^e frere was taken & put in

〈◊〉〈◊〉 of Pountfret / & there he deyed in pry¦son / & syr Henry erle of Lancastre / that hadde y^e kynges fader in kepynge / thrugh cōmaūde∣mēte of the kynge. delyuered Edwarde y^e kyn∣ges fader by endēture of syr Thomas of Ber¦kelay. And so syr Iohn̄ Matreuas & they ladde hym from y^e castell of kenylworth to the castell of Berkelay / & kepte hym there saufly. ¶And att Ester next after his coronacyon: the kynge ordeyned a grete huge host / for to fyght ayenst the Scottes And syr Iohn̄ the erles brother of Henaue came from beyonde the see / for to hel∣pe kynge Edwarde / & brought wyth hym .vii.C. men of armys & arryued att Douer / & they had leue for to go forth tyll they came to yorke There the kynge them abode / and the Scottes came thether to y^e kynge / for to make peas & ac¦corde / but the accordement lasted not bytwene them bat a lytyll tyme And at that tyme y^e En¦glysshmen were clothed al in cotes & hodes pa∣ynted with letters and with floures ful semely with longe berdes & therfore the Scottes ma∣de a byl that was fastenyd vpon y^e chyrche doo¦res of Saynt Petyr towarde stangate. & thus sayd y^e scrypture in dyspyte of Englysshemen Longe berdes hertles / prynted hodes wytles gay cotes graceles / makyth Englōde thryftles

SO in the Trinyte daye next after began the contak in the cyte of yorke bytwene the Englysshmen & y^e Henaudes: & in y^e debate were slayne of y^e erldom of Nicholl & murdred lxxx. men. & after they were buried in saynt cle¦mentis chyrche in Folgate. & for cause that the Henaudes came to helpe the kyng. there peas was ••ryed vpon payne of lyf & lymme. in that other halfe it was founde by an enquest of the cytye that the Englysshmen began the debate.

¶How the Englysshmē stoppyd the Scot∣tes in the parke of Stanope and howe they torned ayen into Scotlonde.

THys tyme the Scottes had assembled all theyr power & came into Englonde & slewe & robbyd all y^t they myght take & brent & dystroyed all the North coūtree thrugh out / tyll that they came vnto the parke of S••āhope in weridale / & there y^e Scottes helde theym in a bussment / but whā y^e kyng had harde thorou spyes where y^e Scottes were anone ryght hoste desegyd them within the forsayd parke so that y^e scottes wyst not where to go out but only vn¦to ther harmes. And they abode in the parke .xv. dayes / & vytaylles faylled them in euery sy¦de. so that they were gretly peyred of bodyes & syth that Bruce came fyrst into Brytayne vn¦to thys tyme / there was neuer seen so fayre an hoste / what of Englysshmen / & of alyāces & of men of fote / the whyche ordeyned theym for to fyght wyth y^e Scottes / thrugh eggynge of syr Henry of Lancastre & of syr Iohan Henaude. y^t wolde haue gone ouer the water of wyth for to haue fought with the •• Scottes. But syr Roger Mortymer cōsentyd not therto / for he had pry¦uely taken mede of the Scottes them to helpe that they myght go away into theyr owne coū¦tre. ¶And this same Mortymer counseylled somoche Thomas of brotherton y^e erle Mar¦shall that was kynge Edwardes vncle. that y^e forsayd Thomas shold not assemble at y^e tyme vnto the Scottes. And he assentyd. but wyste not the doynge bytwene the Scottes & the for¦sayd Mortymer / And by cause y^t he was Mar¦shall of Englonde / as to hym perteyned euer after warde. he sent hastely to the erle of Lan∣castre / & to syr Iohn̄ of Henaude / y^t they sholde not fyght with the Scottes / in preiudyce and harmynge of hym & his fee / & yf they dyde that they sholde stonde to theyr owne paryll. And the forsayd erle Marshall was all arayed with his batayll. att the reredoos of the erle of Lan¦castre / for to haue fought with hym & with his folke yf he had go to fyght wyth the Scottes / & in thys manere he was deceyued & wyste no thynge of the treason And thus was the kyng pryncypally dysceyued. And whan it was ny¦ghte Mortymer / y^t had the watche for to kepe of y^e host / that nyght distrobled y^e watche y^t noo thynge myght be done. And in the meane why∣le the Scottes stele by nyght to ward theyr ow¦ne coūtre as fast as they myght. ¶And so was the kyng fasly betrayed that wenyd that alle y^e traytours of londe had ben brought to an ende as it was sayd before. ¶Now here you lor∣des how tratoursly kyng Edwarde was dys∣ceyued. & how meruayllously. & boldly the scot∣tes dyde of werre / For Iames douglas wyth two hūdred men of armys rode thrught out all the host of kyng Edwarde / the same nyght the Scottes escaped towarde theyr owne coūtree as is aboue sayd / tyl that they came to y^e kyng{is} pauylyon / & slew there many men in theyr bed¦des / & cryed Naward naward / and nother ty∣me a Douglas a Douglas wherfore the kyng

that was in hys pauylyon & moche other ••••lke were wonder sore a frayed / But blyssyd be al∣myghty god y^e kynge was not taken / & in gre∣to peryll was tho the reame of Englonde. and that nyghte the mone shone full clere / and bry¦ghte. And for all the kynges men the Scottes scapyd harmeles. ¶And oon the morowe whan the kynge wyste that the Scottes were escapyd in to theyr owne coūtree he was won¦der sory / and fulle hertely wepte wyth hys yon¦ge eyne / and yet wyste he not who hadde hym doone that treason· ¶But that fals treasone was fulle welle I knowen a good whyle after as the storye makyth mencyon. ¶Tho kynge Edward came ayen vnto yorke full sorowfull And hys host departyd / and euery man wente in to his owne countree wyth full heuy chere & mornynge semblaunt / And the Henaudes to∣ke theyr leue and went in to theyr owne coun¦tree. And the kynge for theyr trauayll / hugely rewarde them. ¶And for bycause of that vya¦ge / the kynge had dyspended moche of his tre∣soure and wastyd. And in that tyme were seen two moones in the fyrmament / y^e one was cle¦re / & that other was derke▪ / as men myghte see thrugh the worlde. ¶And a grete debate was that same tyme agaynst pope Iohan the .xxii. after saynt Petyr. & the emperour of Almayn tho made hym emperour ayenst y^e popys wyll that tho helde hys see at Auinyon. werfore the emperour made hys crye at Rome & ordeyned a nother pope / y^e hyght Nycholas / y^t was a fre¦re Mynor / & that was ayeng the ryght of holy chyrche. wherfore he was cursyd. & the power of that other pope soone layed. And for cause that suche merueylles were seen / men sayde that the worlde was nygh at an ende.

¶Of the dethe of kynge Edwarde of Carnaryuan.

ANd now go we ayen / to syr Edwarde of Carnaryuan y^t was kynge Edwar∣des fader somtyme kynge of Englonde. & put downe of hys dygnyte. Alas for his trybulacy¦on & sorowe that hym befell thrugh fals coun∣sell. y^t he louyd & trustyd vpon to moche. y^t after warde were dystroyed thrughe theyr falsnesse as god wolde. ¶And this Edward of Carna∣riuan / was in the castel of Berkelay vnder y^e warde & kepynge of syr Moryce of Herkelay / & also of syr Iohn̄ Matreues & to them he ma∣de his complaynte of hys sorowe & of his dyse¦see. & ofte tymes axyed of his wardeyns. what he had trespassyd ayenst dame Isabell hys wyf and syr Edwarde his sone. y^t was made newe kyng / that they wolde not vysyte hym. ¶And tho answerde one of hys wardeyns and sayd. My worthy lord dyspleyse you not y^t I shal tel¦le you the cause is for it is doon them to vnder¦stonde / that yf my lady youre wyfe came ony thynge nyghe you· that ye wolde her strangle and slee / and also that ye walde doo to my lor∣de your sone in the same wyse. ¶Tho answer¦de he wyth symple there Alas alas am not I in pryson / and all at youre owne wyll / now god yt wote I thought yt neuer / and now I wolde that I were dede / soo wolde god that I were. For thenne were alle my sorowe passyd. ¶It was not longe after that y^e kynge thrugh coun¦sell of Roger Mortymer / graūtyd the warde & kepynge of syr Edward his fader vnto syr tho¦mas Toioursy & to the forsayd syr Iohan Ma¦treuers thrugh the kynges letter / & put out ho∣ly the forsayd syr Moryce of the warde of the kynge. And they toke and ladde the kynge vn∣to the castell of Corf. the whiche castell the kyn¦ge hatyd as ony dethe. And they kept hym the¦re tylle it came vnto saynt / Mathewes daye in Septembre in the yere of grace .M.CCC.xxvii. that the forsayde syr Roger Mortymer sent the maner of the deth / how & in what wyse sholde be done to deth. And anone as the for∣sayd Thomas & Iohan had see the letter / & cō∣maundement / they made kynge edwarde Car∣nariuan good there: and good solace / as they myght at that soupere / & nothynge the kynge wyst of the traytory. And whan tyme was for to go to bed the kynge went to his bedde & laye and slepte faste. And as the kynge laye and sle∣pte the trautours fals forsworne ayenst theyr homage and feaute came pryuely into the kyn∣ges chambre / and theyr company wyth them / and layd an huge take vppon his wombe / and wyth men pressyd / and helde faste downe the foure corners of the table on hys body / wher∣wyth the good mane a woke / and was wonder sore adradde to be deed and there slayne / and torned hys body vp tho so downe. Tho tooke the fals traytours / and tynauntes an horne. And put it in to hys foundemente as depe as they myghte / and a spyt of copre brennynge / and putte it thrughe the horne in to hys bodye

and soo they slewe theyr lorde / that noo thynge was perceyued / And after he was enteryd atte Gloucetree.

¶How kynge Edward spowsyd Phylyp y^e erles doughter of Henaude at yorke.

ANd after Crystmasse tho next sewyn∣ge syr Iohan of henaude brought with hym Phylyp his brothers doughter / y^t was er¦le of Henaude hys nece in to Englonde / and the kynge spowsyd her atte yorke. with moche honour. And syr Iohan of Bothum bysshop of Ely / & syr wyllyam of Melton Archebysshop of yorke / sange the masse the Sondaye on the euen of the Conuersyon of saynt Poule / In the yere of grace .M.CCC.xxvii. But bycau∣se that the kyng was but yonge & tender of ae∣ge whan he was crowned full many wornges were doon whyle that his fader lyued / bycause that he trowed / the counserllers that were fals aboute hȳ / that coūsyelled hym to doo other wi¦se thā reason wold wherfore grete harme was do to y^e reame & to y^e kynge / & all mē dyrected it the kynges dede / & it was not so almyghty god it wote / wherfore it was ordeyned att the kyn∣ges crownynge. that y^e kynge for his tender ae¦ge / sholde be gouerned by .xii. of the grettest lor∣des of Englonde / wythout whome no thynge sholde be doon. That is to say tharchebysshop of Caunterbury / tarchebysshop of yorke / the bysshop of wynchestre / and the bysshop of Her¦forde / the erle of Lancastre / therle Marchall / & the erle of kent / that were y^e kynges vncles. & the erle of Garenne / syr Thomas wake. Syr Henry Percy. syr Olyuer yngham and Iohan Rous barons / all thyse were sworne truly for to counseyll the kynge. And they shold answer euery yere in parlement / of that that shold be done in the tyme of theyr gouernall / but that ordynaunce was sone vndoon / & that was mo¦che harme to all Englonde / For the kyng & all y^e lordes that sholde gouerne hym were gouer∣ned and rulyd after the quene his moder dame Isabell. and by syr Roger Mortymer: and as they wolde all thynge was done / bothe amon∣ge hygh and lowe. And they toke vnto theym castels townes londes / and rent{is} in grete har∣me. And losse to the crowne. and of the estate out of all mesure.

¶Howe the peas was made bytwene the Englysshemē and the Scottes and also of Iustyfyenge of Troylesbaston.

Kynge Edwarde at wytsontyde in the se∣conde yere of this regne thrughe the coū¦seyll of his moder / & syr Roger Mortymer / or∣deyned a parlemēt at Northampton. & at that parlement y^e kyng thrughe hys coūsell / & none other of y^e londe / within aege grauntyd to be ac¦cordyd with y^e scottes in this manere. that all y^e f••autees & homages. that y^e scottes sholde do to the crowne of Englonde / foryaue theym for e¦uermore / by hys chartre ensealed. And ferder more an endenture was made of the Scottes vnto kynge Edwarde / that was kynge Hēries sone / whiche endenture they calle it regman. In y^e whyche were conteyned all the homages & feautees / Fyrst of the kyng of Scotlond & of the prelates / erles barons of y^e reame of Scot¦londe wyth theyr seales set theron & other char¦tres & remēbraūcis that kynge Edwarde & his barons had of theyr ryght in y^e forsayd reame of Scotlonde / it was foryeue ayen holy chyr∣che / & also with the blake crosse of Scotlond y^e whiche the good kynge Edwarde cōquered in Scotlōde & brought it out of y^e abbay of scone that is a full precyous relyque / & also ferthermo¦re / he relacyd and fully forgaue the londe that the noble barons had before that tȳe in y^e ream of Scotlond / by olde conquest. And ferthermo¦re y^t thys peas for to be holden & cōtynuelly last the Scottes were bounde vnto y^e kynge in xxx. thousande poūde of syluer to be payed wythin thre yere / that is euery yere .x.M. poūde by euē procyons. ¶And ferthermore aboue all this they spake bytwene the partyes aboue sayd. y^e Dauyd Drytonautyer that was kynge Rober∣te Brus sone / y^e fals tyraunt▪ & fals forsworne ayenst his othe y^t arose ayenst hys leyge lord y^e noble & good kynge Edward. and falsly made hym kynge of Scotlonde / y^t was of aege .v. ye¦re. And so thys cursyd coūseyll Dauid spoused at Berewyk dame Iohn̄ of y^e Toure / that was kynge Edwardes syster / as the gestes tellyth vpon Mary Mawdeleyns day. in the yere of grace. M.CCC.xxviii. to greate harme & em∣payrynge of all the kynges blode wherof that gentyll lady came. alas the tyme / For wonder moche y^e fayer dāoysell dysperagyd / syth that she was maryed ayenst al the comyns wyl and assent of Englonde. And frome the tyme that Brute had conquered Albyon· & named the lon¦de after his owne name. Brytayne: that now is callyd Englonde after the name of Engyst

And so the reame of Scotlonde was holde of the reame of Englond / & of y^e crowne by feau¦te & homgae. For Brute conquered that londe & yaue it to Albanak / y^t was his seconde sone / And he callyd y^e londe Albayn after hys owne name / soo that hys heyres y^t came after hym. shold holde of Brute & of his heyres / y^t is to say of the kynges of Brytayn / by feaute & homa∣ge: And frome that tyme vnto thys tyme of kynge Edwarde / the tame of Scotlond was holde of the reame of Englonde by feaute and seruyce / as aboue ys sayd in the Cronycles of Englonde & of Scotlonde & berythe wytnesse more playnely. And accursyd be y^e tyme that this parlement was holden at Northampton For there by fals councyll. the kyng was there falsly dysheryted and yet he was with in aege. ¶And yet whan that kyng Edward was put out of hys ryalte of Englonde yet men put not out of the feautes & seruyse Scotlonde. Ne of the fraunchyses dysheryted hym for euer mo∣re. ¶And neuertheles the grete lordes of eng∣londe were ayenst to conferme the peas & the ••rwes abouesayd / sa••f only quene Isabell / y^t tho was the kynges moder Edwarde / and the bysshop of Ely / and the lorde Mortimer. But reason and lawe wolde not that a fynalle peas sholde be made bytwene them without the co∣myn assente of Englonde.

¶Of the debate that was bytwene quene Isabell & syr Henry erle of Lancastre & of Ley¦cetre / and of the rydynge of Bedforde.

THen as the for sayde Dauyd had spow∣syd dame Iohan̄e of the toure in y^e tow¦ne of Berwyk as before is sayde / The Scot∣tes in dyspyte of y^e Englysshmen called dame Iohanne the countesse make peas / for the co∣wardly peas y^t tho was ordeyned. But y^e kyn∣ges persone bare all the wyte and blame wyth wronge of makynge of the accorde / And alle was done thrugh the quene / & Roger Morty∣mer. And it was not longe after that the quene Isabell ne toke in to her hond{is} all the lordshyp of Pountfret almoste all the londes that were of ony value that apperteyned to the crowne of Englonde / Soo the kynge had not to dys∣pendede / but of hys vses and of hys escheker / For the quene Isabell & the Mortymer hadde grete mayne of the retenewe y^t folowed y^e kyn∣ges courte euer more & went and toke the kyn∣ges pryces for her peny worthes at good ch••∣pe / wherfore the countre that they came in we¦re / fullsore addrade / and almoost dystroyed of theym. ¶Tho began the comyna••te of Eng∣londe for to haue enuye to Isabell the quene. y^t somoche louyd her before whan she came ayen for to pursue y^e fals traytours y^e Spensers fro Fraunce. And in that same tyme the fals tray¦tour Roberte of Holonde / that bytrayed hys lorde syr Thomas of Lancastre. was tho de∣lyuerde and out of pryson / & was wonder pre∣uy witth the quene Isabell / & also with Roger Mortymer. But that auaylld hym but lytyll For he was taken at Myghelmasse y^t tho cam nexte after / as he rode to warde quene Isabell to London / and syr Thomas whyther smote of his heed besydes the towne of saynt Albons And thys syr Thomas dwelled with syr Hen∣ry erle of Lancastre / and he put hym asyde for drede of the quene / For the quene loued hym wonder moche. And prayed vnto the kyng for hym that y^e same Thomas might be exyled out of Englonde. And the noble erle syr Henry of Lancastre had often tymes herde the comyn claymore of y^e Enghysshmen / of y^e dysease that were doon in Englond / & also for dyuers wrō∣ges that were done to the comyn people. of the whyche the kyng bare the blame with wronge For he was but fulle yonge & tender of aege. & thought as a good man / for to do awaye / & sla∣ke the sklaūder of y^e kynges persone / yf that he myght in ony manere a wyse / so as the kynge was therof nothynge gylty / wherfore he was inperyll of lyf & lymme· ¶And so he assēbled all his retenuwe & wente & spake with them of the kynges honoure / and also for to amende his estate. And syr Thomas Brotherton erle of Marchall / and syr Edmond wodstok / that were the kynges vncles / and also men of Lon∣don made theyr othe hym fo. to mayntene in y^e same quarell. And theyr cause was this / that the kynge sholde holde his house and hys mey∣ne / as a kyng ought for to do / and haue all his ryalt••e· And that the quene Isabell sholde de¦lyuer out of her hondes in to the kynges honde alle manere of lordshyps rentys / townes and castels that apperteyneth vnto the crowne of Englonde as other quenes haue done here be∣fore / and medle with none other thynge. ¶And also that syr Roger Mortymer sholde abyde and dwelle vpon his own•• londes / For

moche people / In so moche that the comyn people were dystroyed and gretely domaged / thoroughe suche wrongfulle takynge. ¶And also the enquere howe and by whome that the kynge was betrayed and falsly dysceyued att Stanhope / and thrughe whose counseyll that the Scottes went awaye by nyght from the kynge / And also how and thrugh whoos coun∣seyll the ordynaūce that were made at the kyn∣ges coronacyon / was put downe. That is to saye / that the kynge for amendement and hel∣pynge of his reame / & in honour of hym sholde be gouerned and rulyd by .xii. of the grettest & wysest lordes of the reame / and wythout them Sholde no thynge be grauntyd ne done / as be¦fore is sayd / whiche couenauntes were malicy¦ously put downe fro the kynge / where many harmes. shamys and repreues haue falle to the kyng & hys reame / and that is to vnderstonde for asmoche as Edwarde kynge of Englonde some tyme / was ordeyned by assent in playne parlement for to be vnder warde & gouernaun¦ce of Henry erle of Lancastre his cosyn / for sal¦uacyon of hys dody he was take out of the cas∣tell of Kenilworth / there that he was in warde. & thrugh colour of quene Isabell / & of the Mor¦tymer without consent of ony parlement they tooke & ladde hym there that neuer after none of his kynred / myght wyth hym speke ne see. & after tratorursly toke & morored hym for who∣se deth arose a sklaūdre thrugh all crystendom whan it was done. And also the tresore y^e syre Edwarde of Kernaruian left in many places in Englonde and in walys was wastyd & bor∣ne awaye / wythout the wyll of kynge Edwar¦de his sone / in dystruccyō of hym & of al his fol¦ke. ¶Also thrughe whose counseyll / that y^e kyn¦ge yaue vp the kyngdom of Scotlond / for the whiche reame / the kynges aūcetours had full sore traueiled / and so dyd many a noble mā for theyr ryght / & was delyuered vnto dauyd that was Robert brus sone all y^e ryght / y^t no ryght had to the reame. as all the world it wyst. And also by whom the chartres & remēbraunces y^t they had of the ryght Scotlond were take out of the tresory / taken to the Scottes the kynges enmyes / to dysheritynge of hym and of his suc¦cessours / & to grete harme of hys lyeges / & gre¦te repreef to all Englysshemen for euer more. ¶Also wherfore dame Iohan of the toure the kynges syster Edward / was dysperagyd and maryed vnto Dauyd that was Robertbrus so¦ne. that was a traytour & enmye vnto Englon¦de. & thrugh whoos counseyl she was take into our enmyes hondes out of Englonde. ¶And in this meane whyle. y^e good erle Henry of Lā¦castre & hys companie toke counseyl how those poyntes aboue sayd myght be amended to the worshyp of the kynge & to hys profyte & to the profyte of his leyg{is} / and the quene Isabel thru¦ghe coniectynge & also of the Mortymers lete ordeyne a parlement at Salysburye. And at y^e same parlement / the Mortymer was made er¦le of Marche ayenst all the barons wyll of En¦glonde in preiudyce of y^e kyng & of hys crowne And syr Iohan of Eltham the kynges brother was gyrde with a swerde of Corne waylle. and tho was callyd erle of Corne waylle. & euer mo¦re quene Isabell procuryd so moche ayenst her sone y^e kyng / that she had the warde of y^e forsay¦de syr Edward & of his lōdes. And at that par∣lemente the erle of Lancastre wolde not come / But ordeyned all his power ayenst quene Isa¦bel and the Mortymer / And men of London or¦deyned them with fyue hūdred men of armys. ¶Whan quene Isabel wist of the doynge 〈◊〉〈◊〉 swore by god and by hys names full angerly / that in an euell tyme he thought vppon tho po∣yntes / Tho sente the quene Isabell & the Mor¦tymer after theyr retenwe & after the kyngys retenewe / soo that they had ordeyned amonge them an huge hoste. And they counseylled the kynge / so that vppon a nyght •• they rode .xxiii. myles to Bedford / there the erle of Lancastre was with his company / and thought to haue hym dystroyed / and that nyght she rode besyde the kynge her sone as a knyght for drede of de∣the. And it was done the kyng to vnderstond / that the erle Henry of Lancastre and hys com¦pany wolde haue dystroyed the kyng and hys counseylle for euer more / wherfore the kynge was somdele to wardes hym heuy and anoye•• ¶Whan the erle Marshall and therle of Ken∣te the kynges brother herde of thys tydynges / they rode soo in message bytwene theym / that the kynge grauntyd hym hys peas to therle Henry of Lancastre / for a certayne raunsom∣me of an leuen thousande pounde / But that was neuer payed afterwarde. And thyse were the lordes that helde with Syr Henry of Lan¦castre. Syr Beaumont / syr Fouk fytz waren syr Thomas Rocelyn / Syr wyllyam Trus∣dr••••

••ynghtes moo that were to hym consen¦ted / and alle those were exyled thrughe coun∣seylle of the quene Isabell and of Mortymer. For y^e Mortymer wayted to haue theyr lōdes yf that he myght thrugh ony maner coniectyn¦ge / For he was to coueytous & hadde to moche his wyll and that was grete pyte.

¶How kynge Edwarde went ouer the see for to doo his homage vnto the kynge of Fraū¦ce / for the duchye of Guyhenne.

IT was not longe after that the kyng of Fraunce / thrugh counseyll of hys Don∣zepers / sente to kynge Edwarde of Englode that he sholde come to Parys & do his homage as reason it wolde / for the duchye of Guyon / & so thrughe coūsell of the lordes of Englonde kynge Edwarde went ouer see. And at the As∣cyon tyde / he came vnto Parys / the thyrde ye¦re of his regne / for to do his homage vnto the kyng of fraūce. & the kyng receyued hys homa¦ge / & made of hym moche Ioy & worshyp / but whan kynge Edwarde had done hys homage hastyly he was sent for in to Englonde thrugh the quen Isabell his moder & anone hastyly he came ayen in to Englonde / vpon wytsonday without ony takynge leue of y^e kynge of Fraū¦ce. wherfore he was wonder wrothe.

¶How syr Roger Mortymer bare hym proudely and soo hyghe.

ANd now shall ye here of syr roger mor¦tymer of wygmore that desyred and co¦ueted to be at an hygh astate / so that the kyng grauntyd hym to be callyd erle of Marche tho¦rughe out all hys lordshyp. And he became soo proude & hauteyn / y^t he wolde lese & forsake the name y^t his elders had euer be fore / & for y^e cau∣se he let hym calle erle of marche. And none of the comnyns of Englonde durste calle hym by other name / for he was callyd so by y^e kyngys crye. that men shold calle hym erle of Marche And mortymer bare hym so hauteyn & so prou¦de that wonder it was for to wyte. & also dys∣guysed hym with wōnder ryche clothes out of al manere of reason / both of shapynge and of werynge. wher of the Englysshmen had grete wonder / how / and in what manere he myght contryue or fynde suche manere pryde. & they s••yd amonge them comynly / y^t his pryde shol∣de not longe endure. ¶And the same tyme syr Gyffray Mortymer the yonge / that was mor¦tymers sone. lete calle hym kynge of foly / and so it befell after warde in dede / for he was soo full of pryde and of wretchydnesse / that he hel¦de a rounde table in walys / to all men that the der came / and coūterfeted the doynge and the manere of kyng Arthurs table / but openly he fayled / for the noble kynge Arthur was y^e mo¦ost noble lord of renomme / that was in all the worlde in hys tyme & yet came neuer none su∣che after / For all y^e noble knyghtes ī all crystē¦dom of dedys of armys assayed / dwellyd wyth kynge Arthur / & helde hym for there lorde and souerayne / And that was well seen / for he con¦quered in a bataylle a Romayne y^t was callyd Froll. And gate of hym the reame of Fraunce and slewe hym wyth hys owne hondes / & also he faught with a gyaunt that was callyd Dy∣nabus / & slewe hym that had rauysshed fayre Elayne that was kyng Howels ne••e / kynge of lytyll Brytayn & after he slewe in bataylle the Emperour of rome / y^t was callyd Lucye / that hadde assembled ayenst Arthur / for to fyghte wyth hym so moche people of Romayns and Pebytes & sarasyns / that no man cowde nom∣bre them / and he dyscomfyted them alle as the story tellyth ¶And in that same thyme comyn voyce spronge in Englond thrugh coniectyn∣ge and ordynaunce of the frere prechers / that syr Edwarde of Carnariuan / that was kyng Edwardes fader of whome the geste tellyth / sayde that he was alyue in the castell of Corf / wherof all the comyns of Englonde almoost were ī sorowe and drede / whether that it were soo or not / For they wist not how traytoursly Mortymer had hym done murthred.

¶How Edmonde of wodstok that was er¦le of Kente & the kynges brother Edwarde of Carnaryuan / was heedyd at wynchestre.

ANd vppon a tyme it befell soo / that syr Edmonde of wodstok erle of Kent spa∣ke vnto pope Iohan the .xxii. at Auinion / & say¦de that almyghty god had ofte tymes done for Thomas loue of Lancastre many grete myra¦cles to many men and wymmen / y^t were thru∣ghe dyuers maladyes vndoone. ¶As vnto the worlde / and thrughe his prayer they were brou¦ghte vnto there helthe. and soo syr Edmonde prayed the pope hertely that he wolde graunt hym grace / the forsayde Thomas myghte be traunslatyd. But the pope sayde naye that he sholde not be traunslatyd / vnto the tyme that he were better certyfyed of the clergye of Eng¦lond

and seen by theyr obedyence what thyn¦ge god had done for the loue of saynt Thomas of Lācastre after the suggestiō that the forsayd erle of Kent hadde vnto hym made And whan this Edmonde saw that he myght not spede of his purpos: as touchynge the traunslacion He prayed hȳ of coūsell. as touchynge syr Edwar¦de of Carnariuan hys brother / & sayd. that not longe agon he was kynge of Englonde / what thynge myghte beste be done as touchynge his delyueraūce / sythe y^t a comune fame was thr∣ugh Englonde y^t he is alyue. hole & sauf whā y^e pope herde hȳ tell y^t syr Edwarde was alyue. He cōmaūded y^e erle vpō his blyssynge. that he sholde helpe with all the power that he myght / that he were deliuered out of pryson / & saue his body in all manere that he myght. And to bryn¦ge this thynge to an ende he assoyled hym & his cōpany a pena et culpa) & all that to his delyue¦raūce. Tho toke Edmond of wodstok his leue of y^e pope & came ayen into Englōde / & whā syr Edmonde was come / some of y^e frere prechers came & sayd that syr Edwarde his brother yet was alyue in y^e castell of Corf / vnder y^e kepyn∣ge of syr Thomas Gurnay. tho sped hȳ the for¦sayd Edmonde as fast as he myght / tyll he ca∣me to y^e castel of Corf / & acquaynted hym & spa¦ke so fayre to Iohn̄ Dauerel / that was conesta¦ble of the same castell / & yaue hym ryche yeftes for to haue acquayntaunce of hym & to knowe of his coūsell. And thus it befel that the forsayd Edmonde prayed specyally to tel hym pryuely of his lorde his brother syr Edward / yf that he lyued or were deed / & yf he were alyue he pray∣ed hym ones to haue a syght of hym. And this syr Iohn̄ Daueryl was a hygh herted mā & ful of courage / & answerde shortly to syr Edmond & sayd / that syr Edwarde hys brother was in helth. & vnder hys kepynge. & durst not shewe hym vnto no man syth it was defended him in the kyngys halfe Edwarde / y^t was Edwardes sone of Carnuariuan & also by the cōmaunde∣ment of quene Isabel y^e kynges moder / & of syr Roger Mortymer / that he sholde shewe hys bo¦dy to noo mā of the world sauf only to thē vpō lyf & lym̄e & disherytynge of his heyres for euer more. But the fals traytour falsly lyed. For he was not in his warde / but was take thēs and lad to the castell of Berkeley by syr Thomas of gurney by the cōmaūdemente of Mortymer tyll he was dede as before is sayd / But syr Ed¦monde of wodstok wyst no thynge that syr ed∣warde his brother was deed / wherupon he to∣ke a letter vnto kyng Edward his brother as to his worthy lorde & receyued y^e letter of hym and behyght hym ryght faythful to do his mes¦sage without fayll. And with that syr Edmon¦de toke leue of the forsayd Iohn̄ / and yede into his owne coūtre & lordshyp in kent that he had there. Anone as this same Iohan wist. that syr Edmonde was gone into Kent his owne lord¦shyp. anone he went in all y^e hast that he myght fro the Castell of Corf & came vnto syr Roger Mortymer and toke hym the letter that syr Ed∣mond of wodstok erle of Kent had taken hym closyd and ensealed with his owne seale / And whan syr Roger Mortymer had receyued the letter / he vnclosed it / and sawe that was con∣teyned therin / & began it to rede. wherof the be∣gynnynge was this. ¶Worshyppes and reue¦rence wyth brother alyegaunce & subieccyon / syr knyʒt worshypfull & dere brother •• yf it you please I praye you hertely that ye be in gode cō¦forthe / for I shall soo ordeyn for you y^t ye shall come out of prysō & be delyuered of that dysese that ye ben in / and vnderstondyth of your gre∣te lordshyp / that I haue to myn assentynge all moost all the grete lordes of Englonde wyth all theyr apperyll / that is to say wyth armour with tresour wythout nombre / for to maynte∣ne your quarell so ferforth / that ye shall be kyn¦ge agayn as ye were before / and that they ha∣ue sworne to me vpon a boke / and aswell prela¦tes as erles and barons. ¶Whan syr Roger Mortymer saw & vnderstode / the myght and the strenth of the letter anone his hert for wra∣the began to boll and euyll herte bare to ward syr Edmōde of wodstok that was erle of kent. and wyth all the hast that he myght / he wente vnto dame Isabell the quene / that was y^e was the kynges moder / & shewed her syr Edmonds letter / his wyll and his purpose and how that he had coniected & ordeyned to put downe kyn∣ge Edwarde of wyndsore her sone. of his ryal¦te and of his kyngdome / Nowe certes syr Ro∣ger sayd she hathe syr Edmonde done so now by my faders soule sayde she / I wyll be therof auenged / yf that god graunte me lyf / and that in a shorte tyme. And with that quene Isabell wente vnto kynge Edwarde her sone / there he was att the parlemente at wynchestre. to haue

amende the wrongys and the trespasses that were done amonge the people of hys reame / & tho she toke and shewed hym the letter that syr Edmond of wodstok had made / and ensealed with hys owne seale and badde hym vpon her blessynge. that he sholde be auengyd vpon syr edmond as vpon his dedely enmye. Tho was the quene sore wrothe to warde syr Edmonde erle of Kente. And sessyd neuer to praye vntyll her sone / tyll that he had sente in all the hast af¦ter hym. And vpon that the kynge sent by hys letters after syr Edmoode of wodstok / that he sholde come & speke wyth hym att wynchestre all manere thinge left. And whan syr edmond sawe that the kynge sente after hym wyth hys letters ensealed / ye hastyd hym in alle y^t he my∣ghte tylle that he came to wynchestre. ¶But whan the quene wyst that syr Edmonde was come to wynchestre tho anone she prayed and so faste wende vnto kynge edwarde her sone / that the good erle was arested anone / and lad¦de vnto the barre before Robert of Hamonde that was Coroner of the kynges housholde. And he assocyed vnto hym syr Roger Morty∣mer. And tho spake the for sayd Roger and say¦de syr edmonde erle of Kent / ye shall vnderstō¦de that it is done vs to wyte / and pryncypally vnto our lyege lorde the kynge edwarde of en¦glonde almyghty god hym saue and kepe / that ye be his deedly enmye / and a traytoure / and also a comune enmye to the reame and that ye haue ben aboute many a day. For to make pry¦ue delyueraunce of syr edwarde somtyme kyn∣ge of englonde your broder / the whiche somty¦me was put downe of hys ryaltee by y^e comyn assent of the lordes of englond / in peasynge of our lorde the kynges estate / and also of his rea¦me. ¶Tho answerd the good man and sayd / For soth syr vnderstonde well that I was ne∣uer traytoure to my kynge / ne to the reame / & that I doo me on god / and on all the worlde / & therfore by my kynges leue. I shalle it preue & defende as a man ought for to do. ¶Tho say∣de Mortymer. syr Edmonde. it is so ferfor the knowe that it may not be well gaynsayd / and that in presence of all that here been. it shalle be well prouyd. Now had this fals mortymer the same letter that syr edmonde hadde take to Syr Iohan Daueryll in the castell of Corf for to take to kynge edwarde hys brother that syr Edmonde wyst not of ne supposed no thynge that syr Iohn̄ Daueryll had be so fals to dely∣uer his letter in suche wyse vnto Mortymer. And thought no manere of thynge of that let∣ter. Thenne Mortymer sayd to syr edmonde / and shewed a letter sealed. & axed hym yf that he knewe y^e letter and y^e seale. This syr edmon¦de lokyd theron / & auysed hym longe tyme on the prynte of the seale / for he myght not see the letter with in. and wyst well that it was his se∣ale / & thought that it had be somme letter that had bore no grete charge / & thought no thinge of that other letter. And sayd openly in heryn∣ge of them all / ye for soth thys is my seale. and I wyll it not for sake. ¶Lo sayde the Morty∣mer / syres ye here al what he hath sayd / & that he knowlegyth hym that this is his letter & hys seale. And now ye shall here what is conteyned therin / & thenne Mortymer openyd the letter that he had folde tofore togyder. & redde it open¦ly worde by worde in herynge of theym all / & whan the letter was redde / he sayd / Loo syres ye haue herde alle y^e herin is wrytē / and that he hath knowlegyth that this is his letter & his se¦ale. & he may not go therfro / And thenne they cryed & yaue dome / that he sholde be hangyd & drawen / & hys heed smyten of in a manere of a traytour & he & hys heyres dysheryted for euer more / & so he was ladde forth and put in to pry¦son. and whan this was done. & the quene wist that he was dampned by way of lawe / both of lyf and of lym̄e / & hys heyres dysheryted for e∣uermore. thrugh open knowlegynge in playn∣court / where them thought that it were good / that the forsayd syr Edmond were hastyly slay¦ne / wythout wyttynge of the kyng / or elles the kynge wolde lyghtly foryeue hym hys dethe / & thenne it shode torne theym so moche sorowe / so as he was empechyd / And anone the quene thrugh counseyll of the Mortymer / and wyth out ony other counsell sent in hast to the Bay¦lyfe of wynchestre that they sholde smyte of Syr Edmondes heed Erle of Kente wythout ony manere abydynge or respyte vpon payne of lyf and lymme. And that he sholde haue no¦ne other execusyon / By cause of caryenge not withstandynge the Iugement. Tho toke the Baylyes syr edmonde out of pryson / and lad∣de hym besyde the castell of wynchestre / & the∣re they made a gonfermer smyte of hys heed / for none other durste it doo / and soo he deyed there / alas the whyle. That is to say the tenth

daye of Octobre / the thyrde yere of kynge Ed¦warde regne. ¶And whan the kyng wist ther¦of / he was wonder sory / and lete entyere hym at the frere Mynors at wynchestre.

¶Of the deth of syr Roger Mortymer Erle of Marche.

ANd so it befell at that tyme that syr Ro¦ger Mortymer erle of y^e Marche / was so proude and so hauteyne that he helde no lor∣de of the reame his pere. And tho became he so coueytous / that he folowed dame Isabell the quenes courte that was kynge Edwards mo∣der and beset hys peny worth with the offycers of the quenes house holde in the same manere that the kynges offycers dyde. And so he made his takynge / as touchynge of vytayle and also of caryages / and all he dyde for bycause of ex∣pencys / and to gadre tresoure / And so he dyde without nombre in all that he myght. ¶Tho had he made hym wonder preuy wyth the que∣ne Isabell / And so moche lordshyppe and rete we had / that all the grete lordes of Englonde of hym were adrad wherfore the kyng and his counseylle / to warde hym were agreued / And ordeyned amonge them to vndo hym thorou∣ghe pure reason and lawe for cause that kynge Edwarde that was y^e kȳges fader traytoursly thrugh hym was murdred in the castel of Corf as before is sayde more playnly in some parte of his boke / of his deth. ¶And some that were of the kynges counseyll louyd Mortymer / & tol¦de hym in preuyte / how that y^e kynge & counsel were aboute from daye to daye / hym for to dy∣stroye and vndo wherfore Mortymer was so¦re anoyed & angry as the deuyll ayenst them of the kynges counseyll / & say he wolde of them be auenged / how so euer he toke on. ¶It was not longe afterwarde / that kynge Edward & dame Phylyp his wyf / & dame Isabell the kyn¦ges moder. and syr Roger Mortymer / ne wen∣te vnto Notyngham there for to soiurne / And so it befell that quene Isabel thrugh coūseyll of Mortymer / toke to her the keyes of the yates of the castell of Notyngham. So that no man myght come nother in ne out but thrugh com∣maundement of Mortymer / ne the kynge / ne none his coūseylle. ¶And that tyme it fel. that the Mortymer as a deuyll for wrath bolled / & also for wrathe that he had ayenst the kynges men Edward / and pryncypally ayenst theym that had hym accusyd to the kynge / of the deth of syr Edwarde his fader. ¶And pryuely a coū¦seyll was take bytwene quene Isabell and the Mortymer and the bysshop of Lyncoln & syre Symōde of Bedford / and syr Hugh of Trom∣pyngton / & other preuy of theyr counseyll / for to vndo theym all that the Mortymer had ac∣cusyd vnto the kynge of his faders deth / of tre¦ason & of felonye. ¶Wherfore all tho that we∣re of the kynges coūseyll / whan they wist of the Mortymers castynge: pryuely came to kynge Edwarde and sayd / that Mortymer wold the¦ym dystroye / bycause that they had hym accu∣syd of kynge Edwardes dethe. his fader \ And prayed hym that he wolde mayntene them in theyr ryght. ¶And thyse were the lordes that pursued this quarell / Syr wyllyam of Moun¦tagu / syr wyllyam de Bohum / Syr wyllyam his broder / syr Rauf Stafforde / syr Robert of Herforde / syr wyllyam of Clynton / syr Iohan Neuell of Hornby and many other of theyr cō∣sent. And all thyse swore vpon a boke to mayn¦tene the quarell / in as moche as they myghte. And it befell so after· that syr wyllyam Moun∣tagu ne none of the kynges frendes muste not be herberowed in the castell for the Mortyme•• but went and toke theyr herberowe in dyuerse place of the twone of Nothyngham. And tho were they sore a ferde / leest that mortymer shol¦de theym dystroye. And in haste they came vn¦to kyng Edward syr wyllyam of Mauntagu and other that were in the castell. And pryuely hym tolde / that he ne none of hys cōpany. shol¦de not take the Mortymer. without counseyll & helpe of wyllyam of Elande. constable of the same castell. ¶Now truelye sayd the kynge I loue you well· & therfore I counseyl you that ye go to the forsayd conestable / & commaūde hym in my name / that he be your frende and youre helpe / for to take the mortymer / al thynge yleft vpon peryll of lyf & lym̄e. ¶Tho sayd Moun¦tagu Syr my lorde graunt mercy ¶Tho wen¦te forthe the forsayd Mountagu / and came to the Conestable of the castell / and tolde hym the kynges wyll. ¶And he answerde and sayde· The kynges wyll sholde be doone in as moche as he myghte. and that he wolde not spare for no manere of dethe / And that he swore and ma¦de his othe. ¶Tho sayde syr wyllyam of Moū∣tagu to the constable / in herynge of them alle. that were helpynge to the same quarell. Now certes dere frende / vs behouyth to werke & do

by your aduys for to take the Mortymer / syth that ye be keper of the castell. and hath the key¦es in your warde. ¶Syr sayd the Constable / wyll ye vnderstonde / that the castell yates ben lockyd with the keyes that dame Isabell sent hyther. and by nyght she hath the keyes ther of and layeth them vnder the lursell of the bedde vnto the morowe. and so ye maye not come in to the castell by the yates / by no manere of wy¦se / But I knowe an aleye that stretchythoute of the warde vnder the erthe in to the for sayde castell / that gothe in to the weste. whiche aleye dame Isabel the quene / ne none of her men ne the Mortymer / ne none of his company kno∣with it not. And so I shall lede you thrugh y^e a∣ley / & so ye shall come in to the castell withoute aspyenge of ony man y^t are your enmyes. And the same nyghe syr wyllyam Mountagu / & all the lordes of his quarell / & the same Constable also went theym to hors / & made semblaūt as it were for to go out of Mortymers syght But anone as Mortymer harde thys tydynges / he wende y^t they wolde haue gone ouer see for fere of hym. ¶And anone ryght he & his cōpanye toke a coūseyll amonge theym for to lete theyr passage / & snetelletters anone to the porters so that none of the grete lordes sholde go home to theyr owned coūtrees / but yf they were arested & take. And amonge other thynges wyllyam Elande Conestable of the for sayd castell. pry∣uely ladde syre wyllyam of Mountagu & hys company by the for sayd waye vnder the erth / tyll they came in to the castell & went vp in to the toure that Mortymer was in. But syr Hu¦ghe of Trompynton theym ascryed hydously and sayd a traytours it is all for nought. that ye ben comyn in to this castell ye shall deye yet an euell dethe euerychone. And anone one of theim that was in Mountages company vp wyth a mace / and smote the same Hugh vpon the heed / that the brayne braste out and fell on the grounde / and soo was he deed of an euyll deth. ¶Tho toke they mortymer as he armyd hym at the toures dore / whan he herde the noy¦se of theym for drede. ¶And whan the quene Isablell sawe that the Mortymer was taken she made moche sorowe in herte / & thyse wor∣des vnto theym she sayd / Now fayre syres / I praye you that ye doo noo harme to his body a thy knyght our welbeloued frende and our de¦re cosyn. ¶Tho wente they thens / and came and brought Mortymer / and presentyd hym vnto kynge Edwarde / & he commaunded to brynge hym in saue warde. ¶But anone as they that were consentynge vnto mortymers doynge / herde tell that he was taken they wen¦te & hydde them / and pryuely by nyght wente out of the towne eche one his waye / with heuy herte and mornynge chere & lyued vpon theyr londes as well as they myghte. ¶And that sa∣me yere that Mortymer was take. He hadde .ix. score knyghtes without quyres and sergaū¦tes of armys / & fote men / And then̄e was mor¦tymer ladde to London / and syr Edmonde of Bedforde was ladde wyth hym / and was ta∣ken to y^e constable of the toure to kepe. ¶But after warde was the Mortymers lyfe examy∣ned at westmestre before the kynge / and befo∣re all the geate lordes of Englonde / for peryll that myght falle to the reame / And to enquer•• also whiche were consentynge to syr Edwar∣des dethe the kynges fader / & also thrugh who¦me the Scottes escaped fro Stanhope in scot¦londe / without leue of kynge Edwarde. And also how y^e chartre of ragman was delyuered vnto the Scottes them the homages and feau¦tees of the lordes of Scotlōde were conteyned that the Scottes sholde doo euer more to the Englysshe kynge for the reame of Scotlond / wherfore he was Iugyd to be drawen and han¦gyd for his treason / And this myscheyf came vnto hym on saynt Andrewes euen. In the ye¦re of the Incarnacyon of our lorde Ihesu cry∣ste .M.CCC.xxx.

¶Howe kynge Edwarde gate ayen vnto hym gracyously the homages and feautees of Scotlonde / wherof he was put oute thrughe y^e false counseyll of the quene Isabell his moder & syre Roger Mortymer. that was newely made Erle of Matche.

NOw haue ye herde how Iohan Bayl∣lol in the tyme of peas was chosen to be kynge of Scotlonde for cause that he came of the eldest doughter of the Erle Dauyd of Hun¦tyngton / that was kynge Alysanders broder of Scotlond / that deyed without heyre of hys body begoten / And how this Iohan made his feaute and homage to kynge Edwarde / Hen∣ryes sone the thyrde. for his londes of Scotlon¦de / And how he afterwarde with sayd hys ho¦mage / thrugh counseyll of the Scottes / in the yere of our lorde ·M.CC.lxxiiii. and sente vn¦to

the pope thrugh. a fals suggestyō that he ma¦de hys othe vnto the forsayd kynge Edwarde ouer hys estate and his wil / of the whyche othe the pope hym assoyled thrughe hys bullys to hym ysent. ¶And anone as kynge Edwarde wyst therof / he ordeyne anone hys barons and came vnto Berwyk / and cōquered the towne. at the whyche conquest there were slayne .xxv. thousande & .vii. hundred. & Bayllol that was kyng of Scotlond came & yeldyd hym to gode kynge Edwarde / & y^e kyng delyuered hym out of the toure of London. and all the grete lordes with hym y^t tho were taken at Berwyk & yaue theym saufconduyte / to goo into Scotlonde. And the Scottes sythe thrugh theyr falsnesse / warred vpon the good kynge Edwarde. And whan syr Iohan Bayloll kynge of Scotlonde sawe all this / he wente ouer see vnto Dunpier and lyued there vpon hys londes as well as he myght. tyll that y^e Scottes wolde amende the∣ym of theyr mysdedys and trespaas / and ladde with hym syr Edwarde his sone. wherfore the Scottes in dyspyte of hym callyd hym syr Io¦han Turnlabard / for bycause that he wolde not ne offend ne trespaas ayenst the good kyn∣ge Edwarde of Englonde. And soo he for soke hys reame of Scotlonde / and sette therof but lytyll pryce. And this syr Iohan dwellyd longe tyme in Fraunce / tyll that he deyed there & syr Edward his sone receyued hys herytage / and dyde homage to the kynge of Fraunce / for his londes of Dunpier / And so it befell afterwar∣de / that Edward that was Iohan Bayllols so¦ne / had with hym a squyre of Englond y^t was in yorke shyre / that was callyd Iohan of Bar¦naby / and this Edwarde Bayllol louyd hym moche / and was nyghe hym / & full preuy. And so this Iohn̄ of Barnaby was in debate with a Frenche man in the towne of Dunpier / & so he slewe hym and wente hys way in all the ha∣ste that he myghte in to the castell. For to haue socoure and helpe of hys lorde. And anone ca∣me offycers of the towne. to take Iohn̄ of Bar¦naby as a felon. and syr Edward his lorde hol¦pe hym / and rescowed hym / and by nyght ma¦de hym go out of the castell / and so he went hys waye and came in to Englonde withoute ony harme. ¶And whan the kyng of fraunce saw that syr Edwarde had rescowed his felon. He became wonder wrothe ayenst syr Edward. & anone lete hym arestyd and toke into hys hon∣des all his londes. Tho dwellyd syr •• Edward in pryson / vnto the tyme that syr Henry of Be¦aumount came into fraunce / the whiche Hen¦ry somtyme was erle of Anguysshe in Scot∣londe and was put out therof whan chacorde¦ment was bytwene Englonde and Scotlond thrugh the quene Isabell and syr Roger Mor¦tymer and theyr company for y^e moryage that she made bytwene Dauyd / that was Roberte Brus sone and dame Iohanne of Tour kyn¦ge Edwards syster of Englond / & well vnder¦stonde thys / that att the ende he sholde come to his ryght / but yf it were syre Edwarde Bayl¦loll / that was ryght heyre of the reame of Scot¦londe. ¶And the kyng of fraunce Lowys lo∣uyd moche this syr Henry. And he was wyth hym full preuy / and thought for to make a de∣lyueraunce of syr Edward Baylloll / yf he my¦ghte in ony maner of wyse. ¶Tho prayed he the kynge that he wolde of his grace gaūt hym syre Edwarde Bayllols body / vnto the nexte parlement. that he myght lyue with hys owne rentes in the meane tyme / and that he myghte stonde to be Iugyd with his perys att the par∣lement. And the kynge grauntyd hym his pray¦er / and made the forsayde Edwarde to be dely¦uered out of pryson / in the manere aboue sayd And anone as he was out of pryson syr Henry toke hym forth with hym & ladde hym in to en∣glonde / and made hym dwelle pryuely att the manere of Sandhall vpon Ouse in yorke shy¦re with the lady Vescy. And soo he ordeyned hym there an huge retenewe of Englysshmen and also of alyuntes / for to conquere ayen his herytage / and so he yaue moche syluer vnto y^e souldyours and alyauntes for to helpe hym •• And they behyght for to helpe hym in that they myght / but they faylled hym att hys moost ne∣de. ¶And at that tyme Dauyd erle of Moryf herde tell how that syr Edward Bayloll was pryuely come into englond. And came to hym and made wyth hym gerte Ioye of his comyn¦ge and sayd vnto hym and behyght hym that all the greate lordes of Englonde / sholde be to hym entendaunte / & sholde hym holde for kyn∣ge as ryght heyre of Scotlōde / and dyd to hym feaute· ¶Tho came syr Henry of Beaumon¦te to kynge edwarde of Englonde. And pray¦ed hym in the waye of charyte / that he wolde graunt of his greate vnto syr Edwarde Bayl¦loll that he myghte sau••ly goo by londe frome

Sandhall / vnto Scotlonde / to conquere hys ryght & herytaunce in Scotlond. ¶The kyn¦ge answerde & sayde / yf that I suffre Bayllol. go thrugh my londe in to Scotlonde. thenne the people wolde saye / y^t I shold be assentynge vnto the company. ¶Now syr I praye you y^t ye wolde yeue hym leue to take with hym soul∣dyours of Englysshmen that they myght sauf¦ly lede hym thrugh your londe to Scotlonde / And syr vpno thys couenaunte that yf it so be∣fall / as god it for bydde that he dyscomfyted in bytayll thrugh the Scottes / that I and also al the lordes that holde with Bayllol / ben for e∣uer more out of our rentes that we haue in en∣glonde. And there the kynge vppon this coue∣naunte / grauntyd theyr bone / as towchynge hym / and tho that were of the same quarell the whiche claymed for to haue londes and rentes in the reame of Englonde And thyse were the names of tho lordes that pursued this for sayd matere and quarell. ¶That is to saye / syr Ed¦warde Bayllol / the whiche chalengyd the rea¦me of Scotlonde. syr Henry Beaumonte erle of Angusshe / syr Dauyd of Stroboly erle of a theles / syr Geffray of Mombraye / walter Co¦myn and many other that were put out of the¦yr herytage in Sctlonde whan the peas was made bytwene Englonde and Scotlonde as before is sayde / And ye shall vnderstonde that thyse lordes tooke with theym fyue houndred men of armes. and two thousande Archers & of fote men. and tho wente in to shyppe at Ra∣uen. pore / & sayled by the see / tylle that they ca∣me vnto Scotlond. and came to londe at Kyn¦kehorne .xii. myle fro saynt Iohannes towne / And anone sent out there shyppes agayne / for that they shold not be hurte / ne empeyred / ney¦ther taht no man sholde go in to the shyppes a∣gayne thoughe that they had nede / but abybe all perylles and not flee but stonde / and rather suffre deth than flee for to mayntene their true quarell. whan the erle of Fyffe. a fyers man & a sterne / harde that Bayllol was come / for to taste the londe of Scotlond / he came in hast to Kynke horne / with ·iii. thousand Scottes / for to dystroye hym / that he shold not come to lon¦de / But syr Edwarde Bayllol and his compa¦ny there hym dyscomfyted / at the whiche dys∣comfyture syr Alysāder Seton was there slay¦ne / & many other. The Erle of Fyffe / was th•• sore and full euyll ashamyd / that so lytyll a cō∣pany had hym dyscomfyted / and shamefully put hym and all his company that were alyue for to flee. ¶Tho came syr Edwarde Bayllol and toke the coō tree all aboute hym. tyll he ca∣me vnto the abbay of Dūfermlin. and ther he founde vytaylles for hym and for his folke / & amonge all other thynge he founde in a cham¦bre aboute fyue houndred of grete staues of •• fy¦ne oke with longe prykes of yren. and of stele And he toke them & delyuerd them to the moste strōgest men of his companye. And anone af¦ter he yede fro thens. And lodged hym in a fel∣de .ii. myles from saynt Iohānes towne. And whan the burgeys of the towne herde how the erle of Fyffe was dyscomfyted thrughe Bayl∣loll. brake y^e brydges that they had made ouer the water of Erne. so that Bayllol myght not go ouer / wherfore he lodged hym there all that nyght / but lytyll hede he toke of reste. and say∣de vnto his people / Now dere lordes ye know full well. that ben now lodged bytwene our en¦myes / and they maye vs hampre / there is noo bote but dethe. wherfore yf we abyde stylle all this nyght· I wene it shall torne vs to moche harme. For the power of Scotlonde may eue∣ry wexe and encrece and we maye not so doo. And we ben but lytylle people ayenste theym wherfore I praye you for the loue of almyghty god make we vs bolde and hardy and that we may myghtely take the Scottes this nyght / & boldly werre vpon theym. and lete vs pursue theym thys nyghte. And yf they be trauaylled thorugh vs. & see our hardynesse. other Scot∣tes that see them so traueylled and wery· the so¦rer woll they be adradde with vs to fyght and fyersly thenne shall we fyght with them. And on them pursue. Soo that thrughe the grace of god / all the worlde shall speke of the doughty∣nes of our chyualry. ¶And syres vnderston¦deth wel that all the companye that came with syr Robert Baylloll / graunted well vnto that counseyll / and were therof ryght gladde. and anone pursued vppon the Scottes. that they became wonder wery. And Baylloll & his com¦pany sore folowed them / and dyde them mo∣che harme and sorowe / thrugh ther assente. so that thy myght not for feblynesse theym helpe and for lytyl people. ¶But tho sayd the Scot¦tes amonge them / what is nowe befall that so lytyll a people as Baylloll hath in wynge doth vs so moche traueyll and sorowe Now certes

it semyth vs that he werketh by grace / for he is wonder gracyous in hys quarell and we cer¦tes shall be dede or that we maye come to hym vs for to yelde Sith that his fader sete of vs no pryce. ¶And amonge alle hys other thynges Baylloll and his people passed the water of Er¦ne so that Robert Swynerton the sone was fy¦ers and angrye / and wente forthe and they sa∣we people of armys full well arayed. and forth they wente vnto them and wyth them faught And slewe and toke as many as wolde abyde: And neuertheles at that assewte they wende it had be the grete hoste of Scotlond. And whan it came to the morowe. they gadred theym to∣gyder / and restyd theym a whyle· ¶And why¦le the Englysshemen rested them / the noble ba¦ron Thomas Vescy / and the noble barō / Staf¦forde / pryckyd theyr hors vp and downe by the hylles / for to kepe the estrees of the countree / & as they pryckyd vp and downe. they saw a gre¦te host of gode araye ordeyned in theyr wynge with helmes and sheldes shynynge comynge v¦pon them. and then̄e came tho two barōs ayen vnto Bayllols folke / & sayd. Now for the loue of god almyghty be of good cōforth for ye shall haue batayll an one ryght. ¶And tho spake syr fouk the sone of Garenne· a baran of greate renowne and of dedys of armys / Syres vnder¦stonde what I wyll saye / I haue seen many dy¦uers wynges / as well amonge sarasyns and Iewes / as amonge the Scottes / and yet sawe I neuer the fourthe parte of the wynge fyght. & therfore yf ye wyl abyde our enmyes / we ben ynough for them. but yf we be not of gode her¦te and of good courage we been but loste. And therfore for the loue of god. take to vs gode her¦te / and lette vs be bolde / ad thynke we neuer of our wyues ne of oure chyldren / but only to cō¦quere our enmyes in batayll. ¶And thrugh the helpe of our lorde we shall them ouercome And wyth that came the hoste of the Scottes to warde theym full serely / and ayenst syr Ed¦warde Baylloll in thre bataylles well arayed in armoure. ¶And wonder fyersly they came to warde the Bayllols company / But whan syr Donald erle of Marcell that was with the Scottes / sawe all this / he sayd vnto Roberte Brus the sone of Robert the Brus thyse wor¦des / Syr Robert sayd he full fore me for thyn¦kyth att my herte / that thyse people that Bayl¦loll hathe brought wyth hym sholde deye wyth dy••te of Scottes swerdes / sythe that they ben crysten men as we ben. And therfore me thyn¦kyth that it were grete charyte for to sende vn∣to theym / for to yelde theym / vnto our mercy / and raunsomme theym vnto greuous raun∣somme / for as moche as they haue taken oure londes and done yll. Now certes sayd syr Ro¦berte the Brus / I haue well rerceyued / that thou arte an enmye and a traytour vnto Scot¦londe / sythe that thou wylte consente to saue our dedely enmyes / that haue done vs moche sorowe and shame & now it semyth wel that ye be of theyr assente Now certes Robert sayde syr donald / falsly ye lye. I am not of theyr com¦pany ne of theyr consent / & y^t hastyly ye shall se for I wyll fyz••e wyth them rather than ony of thys company / & certes syr Robert sayd he I shall in mauger of thy hede assayll they or thou And wyth y^t they pryckyd theyr stedys fye••sly vpon Gaskemore. and theyr wynge theym fo¦lowed on a reng. & tho came they & mette wyth Baylloll & hys cōpany at an hangynge bough of the more ī a strayte passage & so fast they has¦tyd thē vnto y^e Englysshmen y^e thousand / felle vnto the grounde echone ouer vpon other into an hepe hors and man bayllol & his men mygh¦tyly stode ayenst theym / & fast slewe the Scot∣tes to the grounde / and many they wounded / soo longe / tyll that they stode vpon theym and foyned theym wyth theyr swerdes and speres thrughe theyr bodyes / and fulle sore they were trauaylled vppon theym / tylle that they beca∣me wonder wery / and wyste not what for too doo. And the Scottes that were lete alyue fledde awaye / for to saue them selfe in the beste manere that they myght. And tho pursued the¦ym syre Edwarde baylloll and hys men / and slewe of theym tyll it was nyght. And fro thēs they wente to Saynt Iohannes towne / and toke it. & helde them there and vytaylled them self at there owne wyll / for they foūde ynough wherwith to make mery. Tho made Baylloll his men y^t were wonded goo to shyp / to sayll in to Englonde / to hele ther woundes. & in y^e tyme there was a flēmynge in the see. a stonge theyf And a robber that was callyd crab & this flēmī¦ge was dryuen out of Flaundres for hys wyc∣kydnesse & therfore he came into Scotlond to holde with the scottes / & dyde as moche harme to the Englysshmen as he myght do. And thys Crabbe mette Bayllols men in y^e see that were

woūded before in batayll y^t were sent ayen in∣to Englonde. for to hele theyr woundes. and this crabbe yaaf to theym a gete assawte. and wold haue slayne theym euery chone. But the Englysshmen defended them well & manly & dyscomfyte Crabbe & his company & tho gan he fle into Scotlond. ¶And as he cam towar¦de saynt Iohānes towne / he foūde a grete con∣pany of scottes / y^t were come ayen togyder af∣ter the dyscomfyture at Gaskemore. the why∣che byseyged Bayllol and hys men ī the same towne of saynt Iohan· And anone tolde tolde the Scottes how that he was dyscomfyted of the Englysshmen / y^t were woundyd at Gaske¦more / that went towarde Englonde / forts he¦le theyr woundes / And sayd to the Scottes / y^t they sholde haue nother power ne myghte ne grace ayenst Edwarde Bayllol / by cause that he scomfyted / & empeyred alle the chyualry of Scotlond with a handfall of men as to ••ōpte ayenst the Scottes that were slayne. wherfore he coūseylled to remeue the sege from saynt Io¦hannes towne / & kepe theym in the best mane¦re that they myght. ¶The Scottes vndersto¦de that crabbe sayd sothe / for soke the sege and wente thens by nyghte. ¶whan thys thynge was knowe thrughe Scotlonde how that the lordes & knyghtes were dyscomfyted at Gas∣kemore of Scotlonde thrughe syre Edwarde Bayllol / ye shall vnderstonde y^t the lordes & la¦dyes / & the gentyls of Scotlond came wonder faste to saynt Iohannes towne / & yeldyd the∣ym vnto Bayllol. & to hym dyd homage & feau¦te for theyr sondes & yelde theym to his peas & he theym receyued frely / And fro thens he wē¦te to the abbay of Scone. & there he was crow¦ned kyng of Scotlond / & after he lete crye hys peas thrughe out all the londe. ¶And at that same tyme it befell that kynge Edwarde helde his parlement amonge hys leyges at the newe castell vpon Tyne for to amende the trespaces and the wronges that had ben done in his lon∣de. And syr Edwarde Bayllol kynge of Scot¦londe came to hym thyther / and dyde to hym homage & feautee / for the reame of Scotlond And in thys maner kynge Edwarde of Eng∣londe gadred ayen hys homages & feautees of Scotlonde / wher of he was put out / thrughe counseyll and assent of dame Isabell hys mo∣der / and of syr Roger Mortymer erle of Mar¦che / Tho toke Bayllol kyng of Scotlond hys leue of kynge Edwarde of Englonde / & went thens in to his owne londe of Scotlonde & set but lytyll by suche as had counseylled hym / & holpen hym in hys quarel / wherfore they wen¦te from hym & went & lyued by theyr owne lon¦des and renttes in Scotlond. ¶And so it befel after warde not longe / that that the kynge of Scotlonde ne remeued & came to the toure of Anande & there tooke hys dwellynge / and thy∣der came to hym a company of knyghtes stron¦ge men & worthy / & yelded them vnto the kyn∣ge. And bare theym so fayr in dede and in coū∣tenaūce / so that he trustyd moche vpon theym And anone as the traytours sawe that he tru∣styd moche vpon theym / they ordened amon¦ge theym fyfty in a company / and wolde haue slayne theyr lorde the kynge / But thrugh the grace of almyghty god / he brake thrugh a wal¦le an hole in his chambre / & as god wolde sca∣pyd theyr trechery / & all hys men were slayne / and he escaped with moche dred vnto the tow¦ne of Cardoyll / And there he helde hym sore a∣noyed. And this befell vpon our ladyes euen y^e cōcepcyon. ¶Tho sent kynge Edward Bayl¦loll to kynge Edwarde of. Englonde / how fals¦ly and tratoursly he was in lytyll tyme / put to shame & sorowe thrughe his lyege men / vppon whom he trustyd wonder moche. And prayed hym for y^e loue of god that he wolde mayntene hym & helpe hym ayenst hys enmyes. the kyn∣ge of englond had of hym grete pyte / & behight to helpe hym & socour hym. and sēt hym worde that he shold hold hym in peas styll in y^e forsay¦de cyte of Cardoyll / tyll y^t he had gadred his po¦wer. ¶Tho ordeyned kyng Edwarde of En¦glonde a counseyll at London / & lete gadre his men in diuers shyres of Englond. and whan he was alle redy / he wente towarde the towne of Berwyk vpon Twede / and theder came to hym kyng Edward Baylloll of scotlond with his powere / and beseged the towne / And made without the towne a fayr towne of pauylyons and dyched theym all abowte / so that they had no drede of the▪ Scottes / & made manye assaw¦te with ••onnes and wyth other engynnes to y^e towne. wherwyth they dystroyed many fayre houses / & chyrches also were beten downe to y^e erthe with grete stones / the spitously came out of gonnes & other engynes. And neuertheles y^e Scottes kept ryght well the towne / y^t tho two kynges myghte not come therin longe tyme. &

n••theles the kynges abode there so longe / tyll tho that were within y^e towne fayled vytaylles & also they were so wery of wakynge. that they wyst not what for to do. ¶And ye shall vnder¦stende that tho scottes y^t were wythin y^e towne of Berwyk / thrugh comyn counseyl & theyr as¦sent. lete crye vpon y^e wallys of the twone. that they myght haue peas of the Englysshmē and therof they prayed the kyng of his grace & mer¦cy & prayed gym of trwes for .viii. dayes vpon this couenaunte / y^t yf they were not rescowed in that syde of the towne towarde Scotlond of y^e Scottes within .viii. dayes y^t they wolde yel∣de theym vnto y^e kyng & the towne also / And to holde this couenaunt / they prouffred to the kin¦ge .xii. hostages out of the towne of Berwyk. ¶Whan the hostages were delyuerde / vnto y^e kynge / anone tho of the towne sent vnto y^e scot¦tes / & tolde theym of theyr sorowe & myscheyf / And the Scottes tho came pryuely ouer the wa¦ter of Twede to y^e bought of the abbaye. & syr wyllyā Dyket that was tho Stewarde of scot∣londe. & many other that came wyth hym / put theym theyr in grete peryll of themself att that tyme & of ther lyf / For they came ouer a bryd∣ge y^t was to broke & y^e stones away / & many of theyr company were there drowned / But the forsayd wyllyam went ouer / & other of compa¦ny / & came by the shyppes of Englond / & slew in a barge of Hull .xvi· mē and after they went into the towne of Berwyk by the water syde / wherfore the Scottes helde tho the towne res∣cowed / & askyd theyr hostages ayen of the kyn∣ge of Englonde / & the kynge sente theym wor¦de ayē that they axyd theyr hostages with wrō¦ge syth thath they came into the towne of En∣londe syde / for couenaunt was bytwene theim that the towne sholde be rescowed by the halfe of Scotlonde and anone tho commaūded kyn¦ge Edwarde to yelde the towne / or he wolde ha¦ue the hostages and the Scottes sayd the tow¦ne was rescowed welle ynoughe & therto they wolde theym holde / whan kyng Edwarde sa∣we the Scottes breke theyr couenauntes that they made / he was wonder wrothe. and anone lete syr Thomas. Fytz wyllyam and syr Alysā¦der of Feton warden of Berewyk the whyche Thomas was person of Dunbarre. and lete thē be take fyrste afore that other hostages for cause that Syr Alysanders fader was keper of the towne. ¶And tho commaunded euerye daye two hostages of the towne / tyll that they were all do to deth. But yf they yelded the tow¦ne / & so he sholde teche them for to breke theyr couenauntes. And whan they of the towne her¦de thyse tydyng{is} they became wonder sory and sente to the kyng that he wolde graunt them o∣ther .viii. dayes of respyte. So that bytwene two hundre men of armys and .xx. men of ar∣mes myght by strenthe go bytwene them to y^e towne of Berwyk theym for to vytaylle / that the towne must be holde for rescowed. And yf soo were that .xxi. or .xxii. or more were slayne of tho two hundred before sayde. that the tow∣sholde not be holde for rescowed. And thys co¦uenaunte to be holde. they sente to hym other .xii. of the forsayd towne in hostage / the kynge of Englonde grauntyd theym theyr prayer & toke the hostages. on saynt Margaret{is} eue. in the yere of grace .M·CCC.xxxiii. the Scottes came fyersly well arayed in foure wynges for to mete kynge Edwarde of Englonde. and Ed¦warde the kynge of Scotlonde / with theyr po¦wer / and came faste and sharply ayenst euen∣songe tyme / And the same tyme was flood atte Berwyk in the water of Twede / that no man myghte goo ouer on hys hors / nor on fote •• and the water was bytwene tho two kynges and y^e reame of Englonde. And that tyme abode the Scottes in that other syde for cause that the en¦glyssgmen sholde haue be drowned.

¶Thys was the arraye of the Scottes / how that they came in batayll ayenst the two kynges of Englonde and of Scot¦londe. In the vaunt warde of Scotlon¦de where thyse lordes.

THerle of Moryf / Iamys Frysell Sy∣mond Frysell / Walter stewarde Rey¦nolde Cheyn. Patryke of Greham. Iohan le graunt Iamys of Cordoyl Patryk Parkeys. Roberte Caldecottes Phylyp of Melledrum Thom̄s Gylbert Rauf wyseman. Adam gur∣don / Iamys Gramat. Roberte Boyd. Huhhe Park. with .xl knyght{is} newe dubbyd & .vi.C. men of armes & .iii.M. of comyns / In the fyr∣ste parte of thalfe batayll were thyse lordes / the Stewarde of Scotlonde / the erle of Mory Ia¦mys his vncle / wyllyā douglas dauyd of Lyn¦desey. Marcolyn Flemynge / Wyllyam of keth Dn̄sen Cankok with .xxx. bachelers new dub¦byd. ¶In the seconde parte of the batayll we¦re

thyse lordes. Iamys Stewarde of Corden. Alein Stewarde / wyllyam Abbrehin / wyllyā Morys: Iamys Fytz wyllyam. Adam lemost. walter Fytz. Gylbert. Iohn̄ of Cerleton. Ro∣bert wallam with .vii.C. men of armys / and .xvii.M. comyns. ¶In the thyrd parte of the batayll of Scotlonde were thyse lordes. The erle of Moref. the erle of Ruf / therle of Stra∣hern. y^e erle of Soth erlonde. william of Kyrk¦kelay. Iohn̄ Cābron / Gylbert of Hey / wylly∣am ramsey / wylliam Prēdegest. Kyrston Har¦de / wyllyam Gurde / Arnold Garde Thomas Dolphyn / wyth .xl. knyghtes newe dubbyd .ix.C. men of armys & .xv.M. of comyns. ¶In the fourth warde of the batayll of Scotlonde were thyse lordes Archbalde Douglas / y^e erle of Lencuax Alysander le Brus. y^e erle of Fyff. Iohn̄ Canbell erle of Atheles. Roberte Lawe¦ther / wyllyam of Vypouynt / wyllyam of Lon¦ston. Iohnn de Labels Groos de Sherenlawe Iohan de Lyndesey Alysander de Gray. In∣gram de Vmfreuille. Patryk de Polesworthe Dauyd de wymes. Mychell Scot. wyllyam Landy Thomas de Boys. Roger Mortymer with xx. bachelers new dubbyd .ix.C. men of armys .xviii.M. & .iiii.C. of comyns. The er¦le of Dunbar keper of the castelle of Berewyk halpe the Scottes with .l. men of armys. And syr Alysander of Ceton keper of y^e for sayd tow¦ne of Berwyk with an .C. men ef armys. And also the comyns of y^e towne wyth ·iiii.C. men of armys / & with .viii.C. of fote men. ¶The somme of therles & lordes aboue sayd / amoun¦teth .lxvi. ¶The some of bachelers newe dub¦byd amoūteth to an .C.lx. ¶The sōme of men of armys amounteth .iii.M.C. ¶The sūme of the comnyns amounteth .liii.M. and .iii.C. ¶The sōme totalle of the people abouesayd a¦mounteth .lxv.M.vii.C.xlv. And thyse .lx. & .vi. gretate lordes / ladde all the other greeste lor¦des abouesayde. Infonre bataylles / as it is tolde beforen allon fote. and kynge Edwarde of Englonde / and Edwarde Bayllol kyng of Scotlonde / hadde well apparelled theyr folke in foure bataylles / for to fyghte on fote ayenst the Scottes theyr enmyes. ¶And the Englys the mynstrels blewe theyr trumpetes and the. yr claryons / and hydously ascryed the Scot∣tes. And tho had euery Englysshe batayll two wynges of pryce archers. The whiche at that batayll shot arowes so faste and soo sore: that the Scottes myghte not helpe themsefle. And they smote the Scottes thousandes vnto the grounde. And they began for to flee fro the en¦glysshmen for to saue theyr lyues: And whan the Scottes knaues saw the scomfyture and the Scottes fall fast to the grounde / they prec¦kyd faste theyr maysters horse with the sporis for to kept theym from peryl / & sete theyr may¦sters at on force And whan thenglyssmen saw that they lept on theyr horses / & faste pursued the Scottes / & all that abode they slewe dow∣ne ryght. ¶There men myght see the doughti¦nesse of the noble kynge Edward & of hys men how manly they pursewed the Scottes / that flowe for drede. And there men myght see ma∣ny a Scottysshman caste downe vnto y^e groū¦de / & the baners dysplayde hackyd in to peces & many a gode haberyoyne of stele in the blo∣de bathe / And many a tyme the Scottes were gadred in to cōpanyes / but euer more they we¦re discomfyted. ¶And so it befell as god almy¦ghty wolde. that the Scottes had that day no∣more fayson ne myghte ayenst the Englysshe¦men than .xx. shepe among .v. wulues. And so were the Scottes dyscomfyted / & yet the scot∣tees was well .v. men ayenst one englysshmen And y^e batayll was done on Halydoune hyll be¦syde the towne of Berwyk. At the whiche ba∣tayll were slayne of the Scottes .xxxv· thousan¦de & .vii. houndred and .xii. And of the Englys¦shemen but only .xiii. And this victory befel to the Englysshmen on saynt Margyretes euen the holy virgyn & martyr in the yere of our lor∣de Ihesu cryste .M.CCC.xxxii. ¶And whyle thys doynge lastyd the Englysshe pages toke the pylfre of the Scottes that were slayne / eue¦ry man that he myght take. wythout ony cha∣lengynge of ony man. And so after thys gracy¦ous victory. the kynge torned hym agayne vn∣to the same syege of Berewyk. ¶And whan they be syeged sawe and herde how kynge Ed∣warde had spede / they yelded to hym the tow∣ne wyth the castell / on the morowe after saynt Margaretes daye. ¶And thenne the kynge dyde ordeyne syr Edwarde Baylloll / with o∣ther noble and worshypfull men / to be kepers and gouernours of all Scotlonde in hys absen¦ce. And hymselfe torned ayē and came into En¦lōde after this vyctorye / with moche Ioye and also worshyp and in the nexte yere folowynge after / that is for to say in the yere of the Incar¦nacyon

of oure lorde Ihesu eryste .M.CCC.xxxiii. And of kynge Edwarde .vii· he wente a¦yen in to Scotlonde / in wynter tyme Atte the whiche vyage the castell of kylbrygge in Scot¦londe / for hym and for his men that were with hym he recouered and had ayenst the Scottes All at his owne luste. ¶And in that same yere syr Edwarde Bayloll kyng of Scotlonde / hel¦de his parlement in Scotlonde with many no¦ble lordes of Englonde that were at that same parlemente / bycause of theyr londes and also lordshyps that they had in the reame of Scot∣londe. And helde all of the same Baylloll. And in the .viii. yere of hys regne / abowte the feest of saynt Iohan Baptist syr Edward Bayllol they vere and true kynge of Scotlonde / as by heretage & right lyne / made his homage and fe¦aute vnto kynge Edwarde of Englonde for the reame of Scotlonde att new castell vppon Tyne. In the presente of many a worthy man and also of comyns bothe of the reame of En¦glonde / and also of Scotlonde· ¶And anone after in the same yere kynge Edwarde of En∣glonde / receyued of the duke of Brytayne hys homage / for the erldom and lordshyp of Rych¦monde. And so folowynge in the .ix. yere of hys regne after Myghelmas rode into Scotlond And there was faste by saynt Iohānes towne almoost all the wynter tyme / And soo he helde his Crystemas at the castell of Rokersbourgh ¶And in the same yere trughout all Englon∣de / abowte saynt Clementys tyde in wynter. ¶Chere arose suche a sprengynge and wellyn∣ge vp of waters / and also flodes / bothe of the see and also of the fresshe ryuers and sprenges that the see bankes / walles and costes / brake vp / that mennys bestes and housys in many places & namely in lowe countrees / vyolently and sodaynly were drowned / and fruyte dry∣uen awaye of the erthe / thrugh contynaunce and abundaunce of waters of the see / ouer mo¦re afterwarde were torned into more saltnesse and sourenesse or sauoure. ¶The .x. yere of kynge Edwardes regne. kynge Edwarde en∣tred the Scottes see after Mydsomer. And to many of the Scottes he haue bataylle / and o∣uercame theym and many he treatyd and bo∣wed vnto hys peas / thrughe hys doughtynesse and hardynesse. ¶And after the feest of saynt Myghell thenne nexte folowynge was the er∣le of Moryf hadde and taken at Edenbrugh & brought into Englonde and put into pryson. ¶And in the monethes of Iune and Iulii thā next folowynge in the xi. yere of his regne was seen and apperyed in the fyrmament a beme sterre the whiche clarkes calle stella Cometa & that sterre was seen in dyuers partes of y^e fyr∣mament. ¶Where after anone there folowed in Englonde goode chepe and wonder greate plente of chaffare vytaylles & marchandyse / & there ayenst honger scarsyte myscheyf and ne∣de of monye. ¶In so moche that a quartre of whete at London was solde for two shellynge and a good fatte oxe att a noble / and fyue good douues byrdes for a peny. In whiche yere dep∣ed syr Iohn̄ of ••l••am erle of Cornewaylle that was kynge Edwardes brother and lyeth atte westmestre.

¶How kynge Edwarde made a duchye of the Erldome of Cornewayle and also of syxe other Erles that were newe ma∣de / and of the fyrste chalēge of y^e kyngdo¦dome of Fraunce.

IN the yere of our lorde a .M.CCC.xxx.vii. and of kynge edwarde .xii. in the mo¦neth of marche durynge the parlement at west¦mestre in lente tyme kynge Edwarde made of the erldome of Cornewayle a duchye and lete it calle the duchye of Cornewayle / the whiche ducye he gaaf vnto Edwarde hys fyrste sone with the erldom of Chestre. And also kyng Ed¦warde made att that same tyme syxe other er∣les / That is for to saye Syr Henry the erle of Lancastres sone erle of Leycetre / Wyllyam of Bughū erle of Northamptō / wyllyam of Mo¦untagu / erle of Salysbury / Hughe of Awdell erle of Gloucestre / Roberte of V••orde erle of Southfolke / And wyllyam of Clyton Erle of Huntyngeton. ¶And in that same yere it was ordeyned in the same parlemente that no man sholde were noo clothe that was wrought out of Englond. as clothe of golde ne of sylke or veluet or damaske or satyne baud∣kyn ne none suche other ne none wylde ware ne furres of bynde y^t see. But suche as myght spende an hundred poūde of rente by yere. but this ordynaūce & statute was but of lytyl effect For yt was no thynge holden. ¶In the .xiii. ye¦re of his regne kynge Edwarde went ouer see into Braban with quene Phylyp his wyf the¦re beryng a chylde at And warpe there he dwel¦lyd more than a yere for to treate wyth the du∣ke

of Braban and other alyed vnto hym of the chalengynge of the kyngdome of Fraunce. to kynge Edwarde of Englond by ryght and by herytage after the deth of Karoll the grete kyn¦ge of Fraunce brother Gerymayne of que∣ne Isabell kynge Edwardes moder / the why∣che was holden and occupyed vnryghtfull by Phylyp of Valoys the ēmys of kynge Karoll / the wheche duke and all his in y^e forsayd thyn∣ges & all other longynge there to with alle hys men and goodes kynge Edwarde founde redy vnto hym and made & behyght hym suerte by good fayth & truste / and after that y^e kyng hath hym ayen into Englonde & lelft there the que∣ne styll be hynde hym in Braban. Than in y^e .xiiii. yere of his regne whan all y^e lordes of his reame & other that oughten to be at his parle∣ment were called & assembled togyder in y^e sa∣me parlemēt holden at London after the feest of saynt Hylarye / The kynges nedes were put forth & promothed as touchinge the kyngdom of Fraunce. For whiche nedes to be spedde the kynge axed the fyfte parte of alle the meuable goodes of Englonde & the wulles & the .ix. she∣ep of euery corne / And alle the lordes of euery towne where suche thynges sholde be taxed & gadryd sholde answere to the kynge therof / & had it and helde it at his owne lust & wyl wher¦fore yf I shold knowleche the very trouth / the ynner loue of the people was torned in to hate And the comyn prayers in to cursinge / for cau¦se that the comune people were soo strongely greued. ¶Also the for sayd Phylyp Valoys of Fraunce had gadred vnto hym a grete hoste & destroyed in hys partyes & kyngdome / many of the kynges frendes of Englonde wyth tow∣nes & castels many other of theyr lordhypoes and many harmes shamys & dystytes dyd vn¦to the quene / wher fore kyng Edwarde whan he herde thys tydynges strongely meued ther∣wythe and red. and sente dyuers letters ouer see to y^e quene & to other that were his frendes Glagynge them certefyenge them y^t he wolde be there hymself in all the haste that he mygh. ¶And anone after Ester whan he had sped of all thinges y^t hym neded to haue / he went ouer see ayen. Of whose cominge y^e quene & all hys frendes were wonder glad & made moche Ioy And all that were his enmyes and held ayenst hym made as moche sorow. ¶In the same ty∣me the kynge thrughe counseyll of hys trewe lyeges and counsell of hys lordes that there we represent wyth hym wryte the kynhe of Fraū¦ces name / and toke and medled the kynges ar¦mes of Fraunce quartred with tharmes of En¦glond and commaunded forth with hys coyen of golde vnder dyserypcyon and wrytynge of the name of englonde and of Fraunce be ma∣de beste that myght bee / and that is to saye the floreyne that was callyd the noble pryce of .vi shellynge .viii pens sterlynge / and the half no∣bell the value .iii· shellynge and .iiii. pens / and the far thynges the value of .xx. pens.

¶How kynge Edwarde came vnto the scuys and dyscomfyted alle the power of Fraunce in the hauen.

ANd in the next yere after / that is to say the .xv. yere of his regne he cōmaūded and lete wryte in his chartres wryttes & other letters the date of the regne of fraunce the fyrst And whyle that he was thus doynge and tra∣uayllynge in fraunce thrughe his counseyll he wrote to al the prelates dukes erles and barōs and the noble lordes of the countre / and also to dyuerse of the comune people dyuers letters & maundementes berynge date att Gandaue the viii. daye of February. ¶And anone after wy¦thin a lytyll tyme he came ayen in to englonde with the quene and her chyldren. ¶And in the same yere on mydsomer euen he began to sayl∣le to warde Fraunce ayen / and manly and fy∣ersly he felle vpon Phylyp of Valoys the why¦che longe tyme laye and had gadryd to hym a full longe & boystous meny of dyuers nacions in the hauen of Sceuys / & there they foughten togyder the kynge of fraūce and he wyth theyr hostes fro myddaye to thre of the clocke in the morne / in the whyche batayll were slayne .xxx. thousande men of the kynges cōpany of fraun¦ce / and many shyppes and cogges were taken And soo thrugh goddes helpe he had there the vyctorye. and bere thens a gloryous chyualry ¶And in the same yere abowte saynt Iames tyde without the yates of Saynt Omers Ro¦bert of Arthoys with men of Englōde & Flaun faught ayenst y^e duke of Burgon & the Frens∣shemen / att whiche batayll were slayne & take of the frensshmen .xv. barons & .lxxx. knyghtes & shyppes & barges were take vnto the nombre of CC. and .xxx. ¶The same yere the kynge ma¦kynge & abydynge vpon the sege of ••ornay the erle of Henaude with Englysshe archers ma¦de

assaul•••• vnto the towne of Saynt A••ande where they slewe .l. knightes & many other and also destroyed the towne. ¶And in the .xvi. ye∣re of hys regne folowynge in the wynter tyme the kynge stylle vpon the forsayd seyge & sente of tyme into englond vnto hys tresorer & other purueyours for golde & moneye that sholde be sēte vnto hȳ there ī his nede but his proctours and messyngers cursedly and ful slouly serued hym at hys nede & deceyued hym / on whoos de¦faute & latches the kyng toke trewes bytwene hym and the kynge of fraūce / And thenne kyn∣ge Edwarde full of shame and sorowe in hys herte wyth drewe hym fro the sege & come into Brytayne and there was soo grete stryue of ba¦tayll that he loste many of his peple. And whan he had doone there that he come for he dressyd hym ouer see in to Englond warde. ¶And as he saylled to warde Englonde in the hyghe see the moost myshappes stormes and tempestes thondre & lyghtnynge felle to hym in y^e see / the whyche was sayde that it was done & yraysyd thrugh euyll spirytes made by sore ery & nygro mancye of them of fraunce / wherfore the kyn∣ges herte was ful of sorowe / and āguysshe well¦lynge & syghynge & sayd vnto our lady in thys wyse· ¶O blessyd lady Saynt Mary what is the cause that euer more goynge into fraunce al thynges & wethers fallen to me Ioyfull and lykynge and as I wold haue them / but alway tornynge into Englonde warde all thyng{is} fal¦len vnprofytable and very harmfull neuerthe¦les he scapyd all perelles of the see as god wol∣de / and came to the tour of London by nyght. ¶And the same yere the kyng helde his Cryst¦mas at Meneres & sent worde to the Scottes by his messagers that he was redy & wolde doo fyght with theym. but the Scottes wolde not abyde that but fledde ouer y^e Scottes see & hyd them a well as they myght. ¶And in the .xvii. yere of his regne aboute the feest of the Cōuer¦syon of saynt poull kynge Edwarde whan he had ben in Scotlond & sawe that y^e scottes we∣re fledde tho he come ayen into Englond. And a lytell before lent was the turnement at Dun¦stable / tho the whyche tourmente come alle the yonge bachelary & chyualry of Englond with many other erles and lordes. At the whiche tur¦nemente kyng Edward hymself was there pre¦sent ¶And y^e next yere folowyng in the .xviii. yere of his regne att hys parlemente holden at westmynster the auyzeme of paske kynge Ed¦warde the thyrde made Edwarde his fyrst so∣ne prynce of walys. ¶And in the .xix. yere of his regne anone after in Ianyuer before lente the same kynge Edwarde lete make full noble Iustes & grete feestes in the place of hys byrth at wyndsore that there was neuer none suche seen there afore. At whiche feest & ryalte were two kynges & two quenes the prynce of walys the duke of Cornewayle .x. Erles .ix. Countes¦ses barons and many burgeys the whiche my¦ghte not lyghtly be nōbred / & of dyuerse londes beyonde the see weren many straungers. And at the same tyme whan the Iustes were done. kynge Edward made a grete souper in y^e whi∣che he ordened & began hys rounde table & orde¦ned & stedfasted the daye of the rounde table to be holden there att wyndesore in the wytsone weke neuer more yerely. & this tyme Englyssh men so moche haunted and cleuyd to the wood¦nes & foly of the straungers / that from tyme of comynge of Henaudes .xviii. yere passed they ordeyned and chaunged theym euery yere dy∣uerse shappes and dysguysynge of clothynge of longe large and wyde clothes dystytute & dy¦serte frem all olde honest and gode vsage. And an other tyme shorte clothes and strayte was∣tyd gagged and kyt and on euery syde slatered and botoned with sleues and tapytis of surco∣tes and hodes ouer longe and ouermoche han∣gynge / that yf I the sothe shall saye they were more lyke to tormentours & deuyls in theyr clo¦thynge & shokynge & other araye than to men & the wymen more nycely yet passed the men in araye & euouslyer / for they were so strayte clo∣thed that they lefe hange fore tayles sewyd by∣neth wythin there clothes for to fele and hyde theyr arsers / the whiche dysguysynges & pryde parauenture / afterwarde broughte fourthe & caused many myshappes & myschyef in y^e rea∣me of Englonde. ¶The .x••. yere of kynge Ed¦warde he wente ouer in to Brytayne and Gas¦coyne In whoos cōpany wente the erle of war¦wyk / the erle of Souffolke. the erle of Huntyng¦ton and the erle of Arundell / and many other lordes and comune people in a greate multytu∣de wyth a greate Nauye of .CC. and .xl. ship¦pes / anone after mydsomer for to auenge hym of many wronges and harmes to hym doone by Phylyp of Valoys kynge of Fraunce ayen¦e the trewes before honde grauntyd / the whych

the trewes he falsly and vntrewely by cauela¦cyons and dysquatter

¶How kynge Edwarde saylled in to Nor∣mandy & arryued at hogges with a grete host.

IN the .xxi. yere of hys regne kynge Ed∣warde thrugh counseyll of alle the grete lordes of Englond callyd & gadred togyder in his parlemente at westmestre before Ester or∣deyned hym for to passe ouer the see agayn for to disease & dystrobled the rebelles of Fraūce. And whan his Nauye was come togyder and made redy he wente with a grete hoste the .xii. daye of Iulii. and saylled in to Normandye & arryued at hogges. ¶And whan he had rested hym ther .vi. dayes for by cause of trauaylyng of the see and for to haue out all his men with all theyr necessaryes out of theyr shyppes / he wente towarde Cadomun brenuynge wastin¦ge & destroyenge all the townes that he founde in his waye. ¶And the .xxvi. dayes of Iuly at the brydge of Cadony manly and nobly strēg∣thed and defended with Normans he had the∣re a stronge batayll & a longe durynge / thrugh whiche a grete multytude of people were slay∣ne / And there were taken of prysoners the erle of Ewe / the lorde of Thonkeruyll / and an hū∣dred of other knyghtes & men of armes / and .vi. hondred of foot men nombred & the towne and the subbarbes / vnto the bare walle / and of all thynges that they myghte bere & caryen out was robbyd & dyspoyled. After the kynge passed forth by y^e coūtre about the brede of .xx. myle he wastyd all manere thynge y^t he founde whan Phylyp of Valoys perceyued thys / alle thought he were faste by hym wyth a stronge hoste yet he wolde not come nygh hym but bre¦ke all the brydg{is} beyonde y^e water of Seyn fro Royn to Parys / & hymself fled vnto the same cyte of Parys with all the hast that he myght. ¶For sothe noble kyng Edwarde whan he ca¦me to Parys brydge & founde it broken / with∣in two dayes he let make it agayne / And in the morowe after the Assumpcōn of our lady kyn¦ge Edwarde passed ouer y^e water of Seyn go¦yege to warde Crescy & dystroyed by the way townes with the peple dwellynge ther in / & in the feest of saynt Bartholomewe he passed o∣uer the water of sōme vnhurt with all his host there as neuer before fonde ony manere way ne passage. where .ii.M. were slayne of them that letted theyr passage. ouer. ¶Therfore the .xxvi. daye of Auguste / kynge Edwarde in fel¦de fast by Frescy hauynge thre batayls of En∣glysshmen en coūtred & mette with Phylyp of Valoys hauīge with hym .iiii. batayls of why¦che the leest passed gretly the nombre of englys¦she people. And whan these two hostes mette togyder / there fell vpon hym the kyngh of Be¦me / the duke of Loreyn. & erles also of Flaun∣ders / Dalaūson / bloys harecourt / Aumarle & Neuors / & many other Erles barons lordes & knyght{is} and men of armes y^e nombre of a .M.v.C.xlii. without foot men & other men armed that were no thynge rekened. And for all thys the vngloryous Philyp with drewe hym with the resydue of his people. wherfore it was say∣de in cōmune amonge his owne people. Nerē be all soy retreyt. that is to saye our fayre wyth draweth hym. ¶Than kynge Edward & our Englysshmē thankyd almyghty god for suche a vyctory after there gret labour take to theim all thynge nedefull to theyr sustynaunce / & sa∣uynge of theyr lyues & for drede of theyr enmy¦es rested them there. And full erly in the mor¦nynge after y^e Frensshmen with a grete passyn¦ge hoste come ayen for to gyue batayll & fyght with the Englysshmen / with whom mette & en¦countred the erle of warwyke Northampton and Norfolke with theyr cōpany and slewe .ii. M. & tooke many prysoners of the gentyls of them. And the remenaunt of y^e same host fledde thre myle thens. And the thyrde day after y^e ba¦tayll y^e kyng went to Calays warde destroyen¦ge all y^e townes as he rode thyder / whā that he comē that is to say y^e thyrde daye of Septēbre he began to besege y^e towne with y^e castell & con¦tynued hys sege fro the forsayd thyrde daye of Septembre to y^e thyrde day of August y^e nexte yere after. And in the same yere durynge y^e sye∣ge of Calays the kyng of Scotlōde with a gre¦te multytude of scottes came in to Englōde to Neuyles crosse / aboute saynt Lucas daye the Euāgelyst hopynge and trustynge for to haue foūde all y^e londe voyde of people for as moche as the kyng of Englond was beyonde the see / sauf oonly prestes & men of holy chyrche & wo¦men & chyldren / & plowmen and suche other la¦bourers / & there they come & robbyd & dyd mo¦che preuy sorowe. But yet founde they ynou∣ghe that theym withstode bi y^e grace of almygh¦ty god / & so a day of batayll was as sygned by¦twene theym and certayne lordes & mē of holy

chyrche y^t were of y^e countree wyth other comu¦ne people fast by the cyte of Duresme. at why∣che daye through the grace & helpe of god almy∣ghty the Scottes were ouercomen and yet we¦re there thre tymes so many of thē as of englys¦shemen· And there was slayne all the chyualry & knyghthode of the reame of Scotlond. And there was taken as they wolde haue fled thens Dauyd of kynge of Scotlonde hymselfe and the erle of mentyf Syr wyllyam Douglas and many other greate men of Scotlande. ¶And after that our Englysshemen whan they had rested theym a fewe dayes and had ordeyned theyr kepers of the North countre. they came to London and broughte with them syre Da∣uyd the kynge of Scotlonde and all the other lordes that were taken prysoners vnto the tou¦re of London with alle the haste that they my¦ghte. and left them there in sauf kepynge vnto the kynges comynge and wente home ayen in to theyr owne countre. And after warde was the kynge raunson of Scotlond taxed to an hondred thousande marke of syluer to be pay∣ed within .x. yere / that is to saye euery yere .x. thousande marke.

¶How kȳge Edwarde besyeged Calays & how it was wonne & yolden vnto hym.

IN the .xxii· yere of kyng Edwardes reg¦ne wente ouer see in the wynter tyme / & laye al y^e wynter at the sege of Calays / the whi¦che yere whyle the syege lasted & endured Phy¦lyp the kynge of fraunce caste & purposed tray¦toursly & with fraude to put awaye the syege & came the ·xxvii. daye of Iuyll in the same yere with a grete host & stronge power and neyghed to the sege of Calays. The whiche Phylyp the last daye of Iulii. sente to the kynge Edwarde worde that he wolde gyue hym playne batayll y^e thyrde daye after y^e about Euēsonge tyme yf he durst come fro the sege and abyde. And whā kynge Edward herde that ony without longe taryenge or longe auysentente accept gladly y^e daye & houre of batayll y^t Philyp had assygned And whan the kynge of Fraunce herde that / y^e next nyght after he set hys tentys a fyre & reme¦ued & went his waye thens cowardly. Thenne they that were in y^e towne & in the castell besye¦ged saw all this that they had none other helpe ne socour of y^e kynge of Fraunce ne of his men And also that theyr vytayls within them were spended and wastyd & for faute of vytayls & of refresshynge they eten horses houndes cattes & myse for to kepe theyr trouth as long as they myght And whā they sawe & was foūde amon¦ge them at the last that they had no thyng amō¦ge them for to ete ne lyue by ne no socour ne res¦cowe of the frensshemē / of that other syde they wist well that they muste nedes deye for defau∣te or els yelde the towne / & anone they went & toke downe y^e baners and the armes of fraūce on euery syde that were hangē out & wente on y^e walles of y^e forsayd towne on dyuerse places as naked as euer they were borne sauf only the¦yr shertes and theyr pryue clothes. & helde their swerdes naked & the poynt donward in theyr hondes / and puttē ropes & halters about theyr neckes & yelded vp the keys of the towne & of the castell to kynge Edward of Englond with grete fere & drede of theyr liues and goodes and drede of herte / And kynge Edwarde sawe alle thys as / a mercyable kynge and lord receyyed them to grace / & fewe of the grettest prysoners of estate and gouernaunce of the towne he sent into Englonde there for to abyde theyr raun∣son and the kynges grace. And al the comynall¦te of the towne the kynge lette goo weder they wolde in peas and wyth out ony harme / & lete them bere with thē all theyr thynges y^t they my¦ghte bere & carye away kepynge y^e twone & the castell to hymself· Thenne thrugh meditacyon of Cardynales that were sente from the pope / trewes was take there by twene Fraunce & en¦glond for .ix. monethes than next folowynge. And aboute Myghelmas kynge Edwarde co∣me ayen into Enlond with a gloryous vycto∣ry. ¶And in the .xxiii. yere of his regne. in the Eest partyes of the worlde there arose and be∣gan a pestylence & deth of Sarasyns and Pay¦nyms that so grete a deth was neuer herde of a fore / that wasted away the people so that vn∣neth the tenth person was left alyue. ¶And the same yere aboute the suche countrees and also in the west countrees there fell so moche rayne & so grete waters that from Crystmas to myd somer there was vnnethes no daye ne nyght but that it rayned some what / thrugh whyche waters the pestylence was so enfected & so ha∣būdaunte in al countres. & namely aboute the courte of Rome. & other places and see costes that there were left lyuynge folke for too bury theȳ that were dede honestly But made greate dyches & pytt{is} that were wōder brode & depe &

therin buryed them / & made a renge of dede bo¦dyes & caste a lytell erthe to fele them aboue / & than caste in a nother renge of dede bodyes / & an other renge aboue theym / and thus were they buryed & none other wyse / but yf it were so that they were men of greate estate so y^t they were buryed as honestly as they myghte. And after all this in the .xxiiii. yere of kyng Edwar¦des regne it was done hym to wete & vnderstā¦de of a treason that was begon at Calays & or¦deyned for to sell that towne for a greate sōme of Florens vnto kynge Phylyp of Fraunce thrughe the falsnesse & or dynaūce of a knyght that was called syre Geffrey of Cherney was wonder preny wyth kynge Phylyp of Fraūce And whan kynge Edwarde herde this he toke with hym the noblest and gentyllest lord{is} and many other worythy men of armes that were there presente with hym for the solempnyte of that hygh feest. And well wysely in al the hast that he myghe / and as pryuely as he myght he wente ouer see to warde Calays. And that sa∣me yere the gode kyng edwarde helde his cryst¦mas at Hauerynge. And the morne after new yers daye the kynge was in the castell of Ca∣lays with his men of armes that none of the a¦lyens wyst ther of. And that fais conspiratour and traytour Geffrey of Cherney syth that he myght not openly haue his purpose of the cas∣tell / pryuely and stelyngly he come in & helde y^e towne with a grete host. And whā he wyth hys men were comen in / he payed the for sayd som¦me of floreyns as couenaunte was to a Gene∣weye in the towne that was keper of the castel and consentinge to the same Geffrey in all his falsnesse and trechorye & bounden the Englys¦she mynstrels and seruaūtes that were in the castell y^t they myght not helep themself ne lette them of theyr purpos. And than wenyng that they had ben sure ynough / then they spaken al their wickydnesse & falnesse openly on hygh y^t all men myght here. & now shall ye here howe they were deceyued / for they came in by a pre∣uy posterne ouer a lytyll brydge of tree / & whā they were comen in subtyly & pryuely the bryd¦ge was drawen vp and kept that nōe of them that came in myght go out ne no moo myghte come to them / & anone our Englysshmen wen∣te out at preuy holes and wyndowes & ouer y^e walles of the towne and of the castell & went & faught manly with the frensshmen that were withoute & had the better of them / the whyche whan they were occupyed by them self on the∣yr syde / the kynge that was within the towne hauynge scarsely but .xxx. men of armes drew out his swerde & with a loude voys he creyed on hygh. Osaynt Edwarde. Osaynt George. And whan the peple herde that / they come ren¦nynge to hym & gaaf there to theyr enmyes so greate assawte that there were moo than two hondred men of armes & many mo other slay∣ne and many fled a waye. And soo by grace of god almyghty the vyctory felle vnto the En∣glysshmen. Thenne the kynge toke with hym this Geffrey that was fynder of this trechory And also many other Frenssh prysoners / and thenne within a whyle after he come agayne in to Englonde. And in thys same yere and in the yere afore and also in y^e yere next folowyn∣ge was soo greate a pestylence of men frome the eest in to y^e west & namely through botches that tho that sykened / as on thys daye deyed on the thyrde daye after / to the whyche men that soo deyed in this pestylence had but lytell respyte of lyssynge. ¶The pope Clemente of his goodnesse and grace gaf theym full remys∣syon and forgyuenesse of all theyr synnes that they were shryuen of / and this pestylēce lasted in London fro Myghelmas vnto August. next folowynge almoost an hole yere. ¶And these dayes was deth wythout sorowe / weddynges wythout frendshyp / wylfull penaunce / & derth without scarsyte. And fleynge without refute or socour. for many fled from place to place by cause of pestylence. But they were enfected & myght not escape the dethe / after that the pro∣phete Isay syth who that fleeth fro the face of drede he shalle falle into the dyche. And he that wyndeth hym out of the dyche he shall be hold and eyed wyth a grenne / but whan thys pesty∣lēce was cessyd as god wold vnnethes y^e tenth parte of the peple was left on lyue. And in y^e sa∣me yere began a wonder thynge that all that e∣uer were borne after that pestylence had twoo cheketh in theyr heed lasse than they had afore.

¶How kyng Edward had a grete batayll with Spanyardes in y^e see fast by wynchelse.

ANd in the .xxv. yere of hys regne about saynt Iohans daye in haruest in the see fast by wynchelse kynge Edwarde had a gre∣te batayll with men of Spayne where y^t theyr shyppes and nauye laye chayned togyder / that

other they muste fyght or be drenched. And so whan all other worthy mē and of the see costes fast by wynchelse & romeny were gadred togy∣der / and our nauye & shyppes al redy to the war¦re / the Englysshemen mette manly and strong¦ly wyth theyr enmyes comynge fyersly ayenst them. ¶And whan the Spayns vessels & na∣uye were closed all about / there men myght se stronge batayll on both sydes & longe duryng in y^e whiche bataylle was but fewe that faught but they were rytously hurte. And after the ba¦tayll there were .xxiii. shyppes taken & soo the Englysshemen had the better. And in the nexte yere folowynge of hys regne. that is to say the xxvi. yere the kynge thrugh hys counseyll lete ordeyne and make hys newe money / that is to saye the peny the grote value of .iiii. pens and the halfe grete of .ii. pens. But it was of lesse weyght than y^e olde sterlynge was be .v. shels. in the pounde. ¶And in the .xxvii. yere of his regne was the grete derth of vytayls y^t whiche was called the dere somer. And the .xxviii. yere of his regne in the parlement holden atte west¦mestre after Ester. syr Henry erle of Lancastre was made duke of Lancastre and in this yere was soo greate a drought that frō the monethe of Marche to the Monethe of Iuyll there fell no rayne on therth / wherfore all fruytes sedes and herbes / for the moost parte were loste in de¦faute wherfore come so greate dysease of men and beestes and derth of vytayls in Englonde that thys londe that euer afore had ben plente∣uous hadde nede that tyme to seke vitayls and refresshynge at other out yles & countres. And the .xxix. yere of kynge Edwarde it was accor∣ded graūted and sworne bytwene the kynge of Fraunce & kynge Edwarde of Englonde that he shode haue ayen all his lond{is} & lordshyppes that lōged to y^e duchye of guyhen of olde tyme the whiche had bē withdrawen and wrongful∣ly occupyed by dyuers kynges of Fraunce be¦fore honde to haue & to holde to kynge Edwar¦de & to hys heyres & successours for euermore. frely pesybly and in good quyete vpō this coue¦naunt that y^e kynge of Englonde sholde leue of and releasen all his ryght & clayme that he had claymed of the kyngdome of fraūce and of the tytle that he toke therof / vpon whyche speche and couenauntes it was sente to the courte of Rome on both sydes of the kynges. that y^e for∣sayd couenaunt sholde de enbulled. but god or¦deyned better for the kynges worshyp of Eng¦londe. for what thrugh fraude & dysceyte of the frensshmē and what thrugh lettynge of the po¦pe & of the court of Rome the forsayd couenaū∣tes were dysquate and left of. ¶And in the sa¦me yere the kyng reuoked by his wyse and dys∣crete coūseyll / the staple of wulles out of flaun¦dres into Englonde with all y^e lybertees fraun¦ches and fre customes that longed therto and ordeyned it in Englōde in diuerse places / that is for to saye atte westmestre / Caunterbury. Chychestre. Brystowe. Lyncoln. And Hulle wyth all the forsayd thynges that longen ther∣to. And that this thynge that shold thus be do¦ne the kynge swore hymself therto / and pryn∣ce Edwarde hys sone wyth other many grete wytnesses that there where present. ¶And the xxx· yere of hys regne anone after wytsontyde in the parlemente ordeyned att westmenstre it was tolde and certefyed to the kyng that Phy¦lyp that helde the kyngdome of Fraunce was deed. And that Iohan his sone was crowned kynge. And that this Iohan had gyuen Karoll his sone the duchye of Guyhen. of the whiche thynge kynge Edwarde whan he wyst therof he had greate Indygnacyon vnto hym & was wonder wrothe & strongly meued. And therfo∣re afore alle the wrothy lordes that there were assembled at that parlement callyd Edwarde his sone vnto hym / to whom y^e duchye of Guy¦hen by ryght herytage sholde longe to & gaue it hym there byddynge & strenthynge hym that he sholde ordeyne hym for to defende hym and auenge hym vpō his enmyes and saue & mayn¦tene his ryght. And afterwarde kyng Edwar¦de hymself / & his eldest sone Edwarde went to dyuers places and sayntes in Englonde on pyl¦grymage for to haue the more helpe & grace of god and of his sayntes. And y^e .ii. kal of Iuyll. whan all thynge was redy to that vyage & ba∣tayll & all his retenue & power assembled & hys nauy also redy he toke with hym y^e erle of war∣wyk the erle of Suffolk the erle of Salysbury and the erle of Oxforde & a thousande men of armes & as many archers / and in the Natyuy¦te of our lady / toke theyr shyppes at plūmouth & began to sayll. And whan he come & was ar∣ryued in Guyon / he was there worshypfully taken & recyued of the moost noblest men and lordes of that countree. ¶And anone after kynge Edwarde toke wyth hym his two so¦nes.

that is to saye. syr Lyonell erle of Vlton & syr Iohn̄ hys brother erle of Rychemonde & syr Henry duke of Lancastre wyth many erles & lordes and men of armes & two thousande Ar¦chers & saylled towarde Fraunce & rested hym a whyle at Calays & after the kyng went with hys hoste aforsayd & with other souldyours of beyonde the see that there abode the kyng{is} co∣mynge the seconde daye of Nouembre and to¦ke hys Iourney towarde kynge Iohn̄ of Fraū¦ce there as he trowed to haue founde hym fast by Odoma{rum} as hys letters and couenaūt ma∣de mencyon y^t he wolde abyde hym there with hys host. And whan kynge Iohan of Fraunce herde telle of the kynges comynge of Englon∣de / he wente awaye wyth his men and carya∣ge cowardly and shamfully fleynge and was∣tynge all vytayls that Englsshmē sholde not haue ther of. ¶And whan kynge Edwarde / herde telle that he fledde he pursued hym wyth all his host tyll Henede / and than he beholdyn¦ge the scarsyte and waytynge of vytayls and also the cowardyse of the kyng of Fraunce he torned ayen wastynge all the countre. ¶And whyle all thyse thynges were a doynge / y^e scot¦tes pryuely & by nyght. toke the towne of Ber¦wyk sleynge theym that withstode theym and no man els. But blessyd be god the castell was saued & kept by Englysshmen that were ther∣in whan the kynge perceyued alle thys / he tor∣ned ayen in to Englonde as wrothe as he my∣ghte be / wherfore in the parlemēt at westmyn¦stre was grauntyd to the kynge of euery sacke of wulle .l. shellyng{is} durynge y^e terme of .vi. ye¦re that he myght myghtlyer fyght and defende the reame ayenste the Scottes and other mys∣doers. And so whan all thynges were redy the kynge hasted hym to warde the syege.

¶How kyng Edwarde was crowned kyn¦ge of Scotlonde / and howe prynce Edwarde toke the kynge of Fraunce and syr Philyp hys yonger sone at the batayll of Peyters.

ANd in the .xxxi. yere of hys regne the .xiii. daye of Ianyuere the kynge beyn∣ge in the castell of Berwyk with a fewe men / but he hauynge· there faste by a greote hoost. The towne was yolden vnto hym without o∣ny maner defence or dyffyculte. Thā the kynge of Scotlond that is for to saye syr Iohn̄ Bay∣loll consyderynge howe that god dyde many meruaylles and gracyous thynges for kynge Edwarde att his owne wyll fro daye to daye / he toke & gaaf vp the reame of Scotlonde and the crowne of Scotlond at Rokesburgh in y^e kynges hondes of Englonde vnder hys patent letter there made. And anone after kynge Ed¦warde in presence of all the prelates and other worthy men & lordes that were there lette hym crowne kyng of Scotlond. And whan all thin¦ges were done and erdeyned in that countres at his wyll / he torned ayen into englonde with a greate worshyppe. ¶And whyle this vyage was in doynge in Scotlonde / syre Edwarde prynce of wales as a man enspyred ī god was in Guyhen in the cytee of Burdeux treatynge and spekyge of the chalenge and of the kyn∣ges ryght of Englonde that he hadde to the re∣ame of Fraūce / & that he wold be auēged wyth stronge honde / and to the prelateg peres and myght men of that countree consented welle to hym. Than syr Edwarde the prynce wyth a greate hooste gadred to hym the .vi. daye of Iuyll wente frome Burdeux goynge and tra∣ueylynge by many dyuerse countrees / and he tooke many prysoners moo than ·vi. thousan∣de mem of armes by the countree as he wente and tooke the towne of Remorantyne in Sa∣loygne and besyeged the castell .vi. dayes· And att the .vi. dayes ende they yolde the castell vn∣to hym / and there was taken the lorde of crow¦ne and syr Bursygaude and many other kny∣ghtes and men of armes moo than .lxxx. And fro thens by Toren and Peten fast by Chyne¦ney hys noble men that were with hym hadde a stonge batayll with Frensshmen / and an hun¦dred of theyr men of armes were slayne. And the erle of Daunce and the stewarde of / fraun¦ce were taken wyth an hondred men of armes In the whyche yere the .xix. daye of Septem∣bre faste by Pyeters the same prynce wyth a thousande and .ix. hondred men of armes and archers ordeyned a batayll to kynge Iohan of fraunce comynge tho the prynce warde wyth .vii. thousande chosen men of armes and mo∣che other people a greate nombre / of the why∣che were slayne the duke of Burbon and the duke of Athenes and many other noble men & ef the prynces men of armes a thousande and of other the trewe accompte and rekenynge .viii.C. And there the kynge of France was taken and syr Phylyp his yonger sone and ma¦ny dukes and noble men and worthy knygh¦tes

and men of armes aboute two .M. and so the vyctory fell there the prynce / and to the pe¦ple of Englonde by the grace of god. And ma∣ny that were taken prysoners were sette at the¦yr raunson and vpon theyr trouthe and kny∣ghthode were charged and hadde leue to goo. But the prynce tooke wyth hym the kynge of Fraunce and Philyp his sone with alle the re∣uerence that he myghte & wente ayen to Bur∣deux wyth a gloryous vyctory / the somme of the men that there were taken prysoners and of theym that were slayne the daye of batayll .iiii.M.iiii.C.xl. and in the .xxxii. yere of kyn∣ge Edwarde the .v. daye of Maye prynce Ed∣warde with kynge Iohn̄ of Fraunce and Phi¦lyp hys sone & many other worthy prysoners arryued gracyously in the hauen of plūmouth And the .xxiiii. daye of the same moneth abou∣te thre after none they came to London by Lō¦don brydge and so wente forthe to the kynges palays atte westmynstre / and there came soo grete a multytude & presse of peple abowte the¦ym to beholde and se that wonder and ryall sy∣ghte that vnnethes fro maddaye tylle nyghte myghte they not come to westmyster. And the kynges raunson of Fraunce was taxed and sette to thre myllyons of scutes / of whom two sholde be worthe a nobell. And ye shall vnder¦stande that a myllyon is a thousande thousan∣de / and after some mennys raunson was set∣te att thre thousande thousaynde floreyns and all is one effecte· And this same yere were ma¦de Iust{is} solempne in Smytfende beynge pre∣sent the kynge of Englonde / the kyng of Fra∣unce / and the kynge of Scotlonde / and many other worthy and noble lordes. ¶The .xxxiii. yere of his regne the same kynge Edwarde at wynsore as well for loue of knyght hode as for his ownne worshyppe and att reuerence of the kynge of fraunce and other lordes that were there att that tyme / he held a wonder ryal and costly feest of saynt George passynge ony that euer was holden afore. wherfore the kynge of fraunce in scornynge sayd that he saw neuer ne herde suche a solempne festes ne ryaltes hol¦den ne done wyth taylles wythoute payenge of golde or syluer. ¶And in the .xxxiii. yere of hys regne the .xiiii. kalendas of Iulii. Syre Io¦han erle of Rychmonde kynge Edwardes so¦ne wedded dame blaunche duke Henryes dou¦ghter of Lancastre cosyn to the same Iohan by dyspencyon of the pope. And in the meane tyme were ordeyned Iustes atte London thre dayes of roga••yons / that is for too saye. The Mayer of London wyth his .xxiiii. aldermen ayenst alle that wolde come / in whoos name and stede the kynge pryuely wyth his foure so¦nes Edwarde / Lyonell / Iohan and Edmon∣de and other .xix. greate lordes helden the felde. with worshyppe. ¶And this same yere as it was tolde and sayd of theym that sawe it the¦re come blood out of y^e combe of Thomas som¦tyme erle of Lancastre as fresshe as that daye that he was done to dethe. ¶And in the same yere kynge Edwade chose this sepulture and hys lyggynge att westmestre faste by the shry∣ne of saȳt Edwarde. and anone after the xxvi. daye of Octobere. he wente ouer see to Calays makynge protestacōn that he wolde neuer ••••¦me ayen into Englonde tyll he had in endes the warre bytwene fraūce and hym ¶And soo in the .xxvi. yere of hys regne in the wynter co∣me kyng Edward was & trauaylled in the Ry¦ne costes. And aboute saynt Hyllarye tyde he departes his host and went to Burgon war∣de / wyth whom than met peasybly the duke of Bourgon. behyghtynge him .lxx. thousande flo¦reyns that he sholde spare hys men and h••s pe¦ple / & the kynge grauntyd att his requeste. And dwelled vnto the .xvii. daye of Marche y^t whi¦che tyme come to kynge Edwardes eere that strōge theues were on the see vnder the erle of saynt Poule the .xv. daye of Marche ••yggyn∣ge a wayte vpon the townes of Rastynge Rye and other places & vyllages on the see cost had¦den entred as enmyes in to the towne of wyn∣chelle / and slewe all that euer withstode them and with sayd theyr comynge. wherfore y kyn¦ge was gretly meued and wratthed and he tor∣ned ayen so warde Parys. and cōmaūded his hoste to dystroye and sle all with strench of swer¦de that he had before honde spared. And y^e .iii. daye of Apryl the kyng come to Parys & there departed his host in dyuers batayls with .iiii.C. knyghtes newe dubbyd on that one syde of hym. And syr Henry duke of Lancastre vnder peas & trewes went vnto the yates of the cyte proferynge to them y^t wolde abyde a batayll in the felde vnder suche condicyon y^t yf the kynge of Englonde were ouer comen there / as god forbyd it sholde / y^t than he sholde neued chalen¦ge the kyngdom of fraunce. And there he had

of theym but short & scornfull answere & came & tolde it to the kynge & his lordes what he had herde & what they sayd / And then̄e went forth the newe kynghtes with many other makyng assawte to the cyte & they dystroyed the subbar¦bes of the cyty. And whyle al these thynges we¦re doynge the Englysshmen made them redy for to be auenged vpon the shame and dyspyte that was done y^e yere at wynshelse and ordey∣ned a nauye of .lxxx· shyppes of men of Lon∣don and of other marchauntes & .xiii. thousan¦de men of armes and archers and went & ser∣ched and skūmed the see and manly token and helde the yle of Caux. wherfore the Frensshmen that is for to say the abbot of Cluyn the erle of Tankeruyll & bursygaude y^t tho was stewar∣de of Fraunce wyth many other men of the sa¦me coūtre by y^e comune assent of y^e lorde Char¦les y^t th•• was regned of Fraunce they hastyd them & went to the kyng of Englond askynge & besechynge hym stedfaste peas & euerlastyn¦ge vpon certayne condycōnes y^t there were she¦wed wryten / The whiche whan y^e kyng & hys coūseyll had seen it / it pleased hym neuer a dea¦le. but syth it wolde be none other wyse y^e tyme of better accorde & delyberacyon / y^e Frensshe∣men besely & with grete in staūce asked trewes for the see costes. and the kyng graūtyd them. ¶And in the morow after the vtas of Pasche the kynge torned hym wyth his host to warde Orlyaūce destroyenge & wastynge all y^e coūtre by the way. And as they went theder ward the¦re felle vpon theym seche a storme & tempest y^t none of our nacyon neuer herde ne sawe none suche. thrugh the whyche thousandes of ouer men & thryr horses in theyr Iourney as it we∣re thrugh vengeaunce sodeynly were slayne & perysshed. the whiche tempest{is} were full grete yet fered not y^e kyng ne moche of his peple but they wente forth in theyr vyage y^t they had be¦gōne / wherfore about y^e feest of Phylyp & Ia∣cob in May fast by in Carnocū the for sayd lor¦des of Fraūce metynge there with the kyng of Engelonde apsyble accorde & a fynall vpon certayne condyons & graūts artycularly ga∣dred wryten togyder euermore for to laste dys∣certly made & to both the kynges proffytable & to both theyr reames of one assente of Charles the regner & gouernour of Fraūce & of Parys of the same reame wryten & made vnder dare of carnocū the .xv. daye of May. they offred & {pro}ffred to y^e kyng of Englōd requyring his gra¦ce in all thynges wryten y^t he wolde benyngl•• admyt them & holde thē ••erme & stable to thē & to theyr heyres for euermore thens for the / the whiche thyng{is} & artycles whan kyng Edwar∣de had seen thē he graūtyd them so y^t both par∣tyes sholde be sworne on goddes body / & on the Euangelyst y^t the for sayd couenaunt sholde be stablysshe & so they accorded graciously Ther¦fore were ordeyned and dressed on euery syde two barons two baronettes and two kyngh∣tes to admitte and receyue that othes of y^e lord Charles regēt of Fraūce & of syr Eeward the fyrste sone and heryre of kynges Edwarde of Englonde. And the .x· daye of May there was songen a solempne masse at Parys. and after the Agnus dei sayd with dona nobys pace•• in presence of y^e for sayd men y^t were ordeyned to Admitte & receyue the othes & of all other y^t there myght be. Soo Charles layd hys ryght. honde on the patent with goddes bodye & hys left honde on the myssall & sayd we. N. sweren on goddes body & the holy gospels y^t we shall trewly & stedfastly hold toward vs y^e peas & y^e accorde made bytwene the two kynges / and •• all hys lordes for more loue and strenth of wyt¦nesse he deased and departed the relyques of y^e crowne of Cryst to the knyghtes of Englond & they token curtously theyr leue / & the fryday nexte the same othe in presence of the forsayde knyghtes & of other worthy mē prynce edwar∣de made att Louers. Afterwarde both kynges & theyr sones & the moost noble men of both re∣ames. within the same yere made y^e same othe & for to strength all these thyng{is} afore sayd the kynge of Englond axyd y^e gretest men of fraun¦ce. & had his askynge that is to saye .vi. dukes .viii. erles & .xii. lordes all noble barons & good knyghtes And whan y^e place & tyme was assyg¦ned in whiche both kynges with theyr counsell sholde come to gyders. al y^e forsayd thynges by¦twene theym spoken for to retefye & make fer∣me and stable / the kyng of Englond anone wē¦te toward the see & at Hountflet began to saylle leuynge to hys hostes that were lefte behynde hym by cause of his absence made moche heuy¦nes and after the .xix. day of Maye he came in to Englond & went to his palays att westmyn¦stre of saynt Dunstons daye & the thyrde daye after he vysyted Iohan Kynge of / fraunce that was in the tour of London and delyuerd hym

frely from all maner of pryson / sauf fyrst they were accorded of thre myllyons of floreyns for his raunsōme / and the kynge comfortyd hym & cheryd hym in all places wyth all solace and myrthes that longen to a kynge in his goynge home warde. ¶And the .ix. daye of Iulii in the same yere this same Iohan kynge of / fraunce that afore laye here in hostage wente home ay∣en / in too his owne londe to treate of tho thyn∣ges and other that londe and fallen to the go∣uernaunce of his reame. ¶And afterwarde mette and came togyder att Calays bothe two kynges with bothe theyr counseyll aboute all Halowen tyde. And there were shewed the con¦dicyons and the poyntes of the peas and of the accorde of bothe sydes wrytten / and there with out ony with sayenge of bothe sydes gracyous∣ly they were accorded And there was done and songen a solempne masse and after the thyrde Agnus dei / vpon goddes body and also vppon the masse boke bothe the kynges & theyr sones and the grettest lordes of bothe reames and of theyr counseyll that there were presente & had not sworne before the forsayde othe that they had made and tytled bytwene theym they be∣hyghten to kepe / and alle other couenauntes that there bytwene them ordeyned· ¶And in thys same yere men beestes trees and houses wyth sodayne tempeste and stronge lyghtnyn∣ge were perysshed / and the deuyll apperyd bo∣dely mannes lyknes to moche people as they wente in dyuers places in the countrees / and spake to theym in that lyknes.

¶How the greate company arose in / fraun¦ce / and the whyte company in Lombardye and of other meruaylles.

Kynge Edwarde in the .xxxvi. yere of his regne anone after Crystenmasse in the feest of the conuersyon of Saynt Poule helde parlemente at westmestre / in the whyche par∣lemente was put forthe and shewed the accor∣de and the treates that was stablisshed and ma¦de bytwene the twoo kynges whyche accorde pleased to moche people. And therfore by the kynges commaundement / there were gadred and come togyder in westmynster chyrche the fyrste sondaye of lente. That is to saye the .ii. kal / february. the forsayd Englysshemen and frensshmen where was songe a solempne mas∣se of the Trynyte of the Archebysshop of Caun¦terbury mayster Symonde Issepe. And whan Agnus dei was done the kynge beynge there with his sones / And also the kynges sones of fraunce. and other noble and greate lordes / wyth candell lyght and crosses brought forth / and that were callyd therto / that were notte sworne afore swore y^e same othe that was wry∣ten vppon goddes bodye & on the masse booke in thys wyse / we / .N. and .N: sweren vppon goddes body and on the holy gospels stedfastly for to holde and kepe towarde vs the peas. and the accorde made bytwene the two kȳges and neuer for to do the contrary / & whan they had thus sworne they toke theyr scrowes that theyr othes were comprehended into the notaryes. And in this same yere in the Ascencyons euen aboute myddaye / was seen the clypses of y^e son¦ne / And there folowed suche a drought that for defaute of rayne there was grete brennynge of corne fruyte and hey. ¶And in the same mo∣neth the .vi. kal of Iune there fell a sanguyne rayne almoste lyke blode at Burgon. and a sāg¦uyne crosse from morne vnto pryme apered & was seen at Bolyn in the heyre the whiche ma¦ny men saw / and after it meued and felle in the myddes of the see. ¶And in the same tyme 〈◊〉〈◊〉 fraunce and Englond and many other londes as they that were in playne countre••s and d••∣serte / baren withnesse sodeynly there apperyd two castels / of the whiche wēte out two hostes of armed mē. And that one hoste was closed in whyte and that other in blacke. and whan Ba¦tayll bytwene theym was begonne the whyte ouer came the blacke toke herte tho theym and ouer come the whyte and after that they wente ayen in to theyr castels: and thā the castels and all the hoost vanysshed away. ¶And in this same yere was a grete and an huge pestylence of people and namely of mē / whoos wyues as womē out of gouernaunce toke husbondes as well straungers as other lewde and symple pe∣ple. the whyche forgetynge theyr honoure and worshyp coupled and maryed theym with thē that were of lowe degre and lytyll repuracyon ¶In this same yere deyed Henry duke of Lā∣castre. ¶And also in this same yere Edwarde prynce of walys wedded the countesse of Ken∣te that was syr Thomas wyf of Holōde y^t whi¦che was departed somtyme & deuorced fro the erle of Salysbury for cause of the same knyght ¶And aboute this tyme begā and rose a grete

company of dyuerse nasoyns gadred togyder of whom theyr leders & gouernours were En¦glysshe people & they were called a peple wyth out ony hede the whyche dyd moche harme in the partye of fraunce· ¶And not longe after there arose an other company of dyuerse nacy∣ons that was called the whyte company / the whiche in the partyes and countrees of Lom¦bardy dyde moche sorowe. ¶This same yere syr Iohan of Gaunt the sone of kyng Edwar¦de the thyrde was made duke of Lancastre by reason & cause of his wyf y^t was the doughter & the heyre of Henry somtyme duke of Lācaster.

¶Of the greate wynde / and how prynce Edwarde tooke the lordshyp of Guyhē of his fader and wente theder·

ANd in the .xxxvii. yere of kyng Edwar∣de the .xv. daye of Ianyuer / that is too saye on saynt Maryes daye about euynsonge tyme there arose & come suche a wynde out of the southe wyth suche a fyersnes and strenthe that it brasted and blewe downe to the groun∣de hyghe houses and stronge buyldynges tou¦res chirches & steples and other strōge places and all other stronge werkes that stoden stylle were shaken ther with that they ben yet & shall euermore be the febler and weyker whyle they stande. And this wynde lasted without ony ces¦synge .vii. dayes contynually· And anone af∣ter there folowed suche waters in the hey ty∣me and in the haruest tyme that all felde wer∣kes were strongely lette and lefte vndoyn. ¶And in the same yere prynce Edwarde toke the lordshyp of Guyhen & dyde to kynge Ed∣wyrde his fader homage and feaute therof / & wente ouer see in to Gascoyne with his wyf & chyldren. ¶And anone after kynge Edward made hys sone Lyonell duke of Clarence. and syr Edmonde his other sone / erle of Cambrid¦ge / & in the .xxxviii. yere of his regne it was or∣deyned in the parlement that men of lawe bo∣the of the chyrche and temporeslawe shold fro that tym for the plete in theyr moder tonge. ¶And in y^e same yere in to Englond thre kyn∣ges that ys to saye the kynge of Fraunce the kynge of Cypres and the kynge of Scotlonde by cause to vysyte and for to speke with y^e kyn¦ge of Englonde. And after that they had be he¦re longe tyme two of them went home in to the¦yr owne countres and kyngodms / but y^e kyn∣ge of Fraunce throughte greate sekenesse and malady that he had abode stylle in Englonde. And in the .xxxix. yere of his regne. was a strō∣ge & a grete froste & that lasted longe that is to saye fro Saynt Andrewes tyde to the .xiii. kal of Apryls / that the tylthe and sowynge of the erthe and other suche feld werkes and honde werkes were moche lette and lefte vndoyne for colde & hardnes of the erth. And at orray in Brytayn was ordeyned a grete dedely batayl¦le bytwene syre Iohn̄ of Mountforde duke of Brytayne and syr charles of Bloys / but vyc∣tory fell to the forsayd syr Iohn̄ thrughe helpe and socour of thenglysshmen. And there were taken many knyghtes & squyres & other men that vnnōbred / in y^e whiche batayll was slay¦ne Charles hymself with all y^t stode about hym & of Englysshmen were slayne but seuen. and in this yere deyed at sauoy Iohan the kynge of fraunce whos seruyce & exequyes kyng edwar¦de lete ordeyne & dyd in dyuers places worhyp∣fully to be done / and at Douer of worshypful men ordeyned hym worthely tho be ledde with his owne costes and expēces / & fro thens was brought to fraunce & buryed at saynt Denys. ¶In the .xl. yere of kyng Edwarde the vii. kal of Februer was borne Edwarde prynce Ed¦wards sone y^e whiche whan he was .vii. yere of-aege he deyed· And in the same yere it was or∣deyned y^t saynt Peters pens fro y^e tyme forthe sholde not be payed the whyche kyng yuo som∣tyme kynge of Englond of the countre of west saxen y^t began to regne y^e yere of our lord god .vi· hondred .lxxix. fyrst graunted to Rome for y^e scole of Englond therto be contynued. ¶And in thys same yere there fell a grete rayne in hey tyme y^t it wasted & dystroyed both corne & hey. And there was suche debate & fyghtinge of spa¦rowes by dyuerse places in these dayes y^t men founde innumerable dede in the feldes as they wente. And there fell also suche a pestylence y^t neuer seen suche in noo mannes dayes y^t than lyued / for men y^t wente to beded hole & in good poynt sodenly they dyed. ¶Also y^e tyme a syke¦nes that men calle the pockes slewe bothe mē & women thrugh theyr enfectinge. ¶And in the xli. yere of kynge Edward was borne at Bur∣deux Rycharde the seconde sone of prynce Ed¦warde of Englond / the whiche Rychard kyn¦ge Rycharde of Amorycan heueden at the foū•• stone after whom he was called Rychard. and this same Rycharde whan his fader was deed

& kyng Edwarde also / he was crowned kyng of Englonde the .xi. yere of his aege thrugh ry¦ghte lyne and herytage / & also by the com••ne assent and desyre of y^e comynalte of the reame. ¶Aboute this tyme at kyng Edwardes com∣maundement of Englond whan all the castels & townes were yolden to hym that longe were holden in / fraunce by a grete company assem∣bled togyder syr Bartram Claykyn a noble knyght and a good warryour wente and pur∣posed hym to put out Pers kynge of Spayne out of his kyngdome with helpe of the mooste partye of the forsayd grete company trustynge also vpon helpe and fauour of the pope for as moche as it come to his eeres that y^e same pers sholde lede & vse a synfull lyf / the whiche Pers smyten wyth drede of this tydynge fledde into Gascoyne to prynce Edwarde for to haue so∣coure of hym. And whan he was fledde out of Spayne Henry his broder that was bastarde by assent of the moost party of Spayne & thru∣ghe helpe of y^e ferefull company that I spake of fyrst was crowned kyng of Spayne. & y^e nom∣bre of that same cōpany was rekened & sette at the nombre of .xl.M. fytynge men. ¶This sa∣me yere in the moneth of Iune there come a gre¦te cōpany & a nauye of y^e Danes gadred them togyder in the Northe see purposynge them to come into Englonde to reue and to robbe and also to sle with whom they countred & mette in the see. maryners and other gode fytynge men o•• the countre & dysperpled theym. And they a¦shamyd went home ayen into theyr owne coū∣tre / but amonge y^e other there was a boystous vessell and a stronge of theyr nauye that was ouer saylled by the Englysshmen & was perys¦shed & drenched In the whiche the Stewarde & other worthy and greate men of Denmarke were taken prysoners / & the kynge of Englon∣de & his coūseyll prysoned them. the whiche lor¦des the Danes afterwarde sought them all a∣bout for to haue hadde them ayen wyth. theyr goodes y^t they had lost / & they not well apayed ne pleased of y^e answer that they had / & they tor¦ned homwardes ayen leuynge behynde thē in there Innes preuely writen in scrowes and on walles. yet shall Danes wast the wanes Then¦ne happed there an Englysshe wryter & wrote ayenst the Duke in this manere (here shall Da∣nes fette theyr banys) ¶And in this time pers the kynge of Spayne with other kynges that is to saye. the kynge of Nauerne and the kynge of Malogre beynge meanes wenten bytwene and prayed counseyll and helpe of syr Edwar¦de the prynce whos counseyll whan he had vn¦derstandynge theyr artycles and desyre that he was requyred of tho kynges / lothe he was and ashamed to saye nay and contrary to them. But netheles he was a gast lest it shold be ony preiudyce ayenst the pope and longe tyme tary¦ed them or that he wolde graunte or consente therto tyll he had better counseyl rauysemente with good delyberacyon of kyng Edward his fader. But whan they were with hym euery day & contynually besechynge of many noble men requyred & spoken to / & with many pray∣ers sente & made bytwene them. thā prynce ed∣ward sente to his fader both by cōplaynyng let¦ters & also by confortable conteynyng al theyr suggestyons & causes wyth all y^e other kynges epystles & letters for to haue cōforte & helpe of the wronges not only done to the kyng Spay¦ne. but also for suche thynges as myght falle to other kynges. Also yf it were not y^e soner holpē and amended thrugh the done & helpe of kny∣ghthode to thē that it asked & desyred. ¶The whiche letter whan the kynge & hys counseyll had seen suche a kynge spoylynge & robbynge with moche merueyll. And sente ayen comfor¦table letters to prynce Edwarde hys sone & to that other kynges & warned them for to arme them & ordeyne theym ayenst that misdoer and to withstande them by the helpe of god that we¦re suche enmies to kynges. whā this noble prȳ¦ce had receyued this letters / hym self with that other kynges before sayd all there counseyl cal¦led togider or that he wolde vndertake the qua¦rell he bounde & knytte sore y^e kynge that was deposed with a grete oth / that is to saye that he sholde euer after mayntene the ryght byleue & faythe of holy chyrche / and also wyth all theyr mynysters ryghtes & libertees to defende from all theyr enmyes & all euylles. And al that were there ayenst bytterly to punysshe & destroble & al y^e ryght{is} lybertes preuyleges of holy chirche encrease & mayntene / & amende alle thynges y^t were wronfully taken withdrawen and borē a waye by hym or by ony other by cause of hym hastely to restore ayen & to dryue and put oute sarasyns & all other mysbyleued people out of his kyngdom wyth all his strenth & his power and suffre ne admitte none suche for no mane¦re

thynge ne cause to dwelle therin / And that whan he had taken a crysten woman he sholde neuer come in to none other womans bedde / ne none other mannes wyfe to defoyle. ¶All thyse for sayd thynges trewly for to kepe con∣tynue and fulfyll as alle hys lyfe tyme he was douuden by othe afore notaryes in presence & wytnesse of tho kynges wyth other prynces. ¶And than that gracyous prynce Edwarde vndertoke the cause & the quarell of the kyng that was deposed and behyghte hym with the grace of almyghty god to restore hym ayen to his kyngdom / & lette ordeyne & gadre togyder forth with in alle haste his nauye with men of armes for to warre and fyght in his for sayde cause. ¶And in this same yere vpon the sande of the Scottes see y^t many a man sawe it thre dayes togyder there were seen two Egles / of the whiche y^e one come out of the southe & that other out of the north & cruelly & strongly they fought togyder & wrastled togyder / & the south elge fyrst ouercome y^e north Egle & all to rente hym with his bylle & his clawes y^t he shold not reste ne take no byrthe & the south Egle fleyth home to his owne costes· ¶And anone after there folowed & was seen in the morne after y^e sonne rysynge & after in the last daye of Octo∣bre sauynge one many sterres gaddred togyder on an hepe felle downe to the erthe leuynge by¦hynde them fyre bemes in maner of lyghtnyn¦ge / was flammes brent & cōsumed mens clo¦thes & mens heer wallyng on y^e erth as it was sene & knowē of many a man. ¶And yet y^t nor¦thern wynde y^t is redy & destymate to alle ylle fro saynt Katherynes eue tyll thre dayes after loste grete good without nobre. ¶And in this same dayes ther fell & also come such lyghtnyn¦ge thondre snowe & hayll that it wasted and de¦stoyed men bestetes howses and trees.

¶Of the batayll of Spayne besyde the wa¦tre of Naxers that was bytwene prynce Ed∣warde / and syr Henry bastarde of Spayne.

IN the yere of our lord a .M.CCC.lxvii and of kynge Edwarde .xlii. the thyrde daye of Aprylle there was a stronge batayll & a grete in large felde called Pryazers faste by the water of Nazers in Spayne bytwene syre Edwarde the prynce & syr Henry the bastarde of Spayne / but the vyctory fyll to prynce Ed∣warde by the grace of god. ¶And this same prynce Edwarde had with hym syr Iohn̄ du∣ke of Lācastre his broder & other worthy men of armes about the nombre of .xxx. thousand. ¶And the kynge of Spayne had on hys syde men of dyuers nacyons to the nombre of an hondred thousande & moo / wherfore the shar∣penesse and fyersnesse of hys aduersary wyth his fyll boystous and grete strenthe made and dryue y^e ryghtfull partye a backe a grete waye but thrugh the grace of almyghty god passyn∣ge ony mannes strenth that greate hoste was dysparpled myghtefully by the noble duke of Lancastre and his hoost / or y^e prynce Edwar∣de came nyghe hym. And whan Henry bastar¦de sawe that / he torned with his men in so gre¦te haste and strenth for to flee / that a gret com¦pany of them in the for sayd flood & of y^e brydge ther of fellen dowen & perysshed. And also the∣re were taken the erle of Dene & syr Bartram Cleykyn that was cheyfmaker and cause of y^e warre & also cheyftayne of the vauntwarde of the bataylle wyth many other greace lordes and knyghtes to the nombre of two thousan∣de / of whome two hondred were of Fraun∣ce and many also of Scotlonde. ¶And there were felled in the felde on oure enmyes syde of lordes & knyghtes wyth other meyn people to the nombre of .vi. thousande and moo / and of Englysshmen but a fewe. And after this the noble prynce Edward restored y^e same Peers to this kyngdome ayen / the whiche Peers af¦warde thrugh trechery and falsnes of the for∣sayd basterd of Spayne as he satte at his mete he was strangled & deyed. But after this vyc¦torye many noble men of Englond / & also har¦dy in Spayne thrug the flyx & dyuers other se∣kenes toke theyr dethe. ¶And also in the sa¦me yere in the Marche was seen stella Come ta bytwene the north costes & y^e west whoos be∣mes stretched towarde fraunce. ¶And in the next yere folowynge of kyng Edwardes regne xliii. in Apryll syr Lyonell kynge Edwardes sone that was duke of Clarnece wente to war¦de Melayne with a chosen meyne of the gētyls of Englonde for to wedde Galoys doughter & haue hyr to hys wyfe / by whom he sholde haue half y^e lordshyp of Melayne but after that they were solemply wedded and about y^e Natyuyte of our lady the same duke of Melayne deyed. And in the same yere / frensshmen brake the pe∣as & the trewes rydynge on y^e kyng{is} grounde & lordshyp of Englond in the shyre & countre of

Puūtyfe / & token & helde castell & townes / & be¦re the Englysshmen on honde falsly & subtyll that they were cause of brekynge of trewes. & in thys same yere deyed the duches of Lācastre and is buryed worshypfully in saynte Poules chyrche. ¶The .xliiii. yere of kyng Edwardes regne was the gretest pestylence of men and of grete bestes & by the grete fallynge of waters y^t felle at that tyme / there fell grete hyndrynge & destroyenge of corne in so moche that y^e next ye¦re after a busshell of whete was solde for .xl.d. ¶And in thys same yere about the laste ende of Maye kynge Edwarde helde tho his parle∣ment at westmyster in whiche parlement was treated & spoken of the othe & trewes that was brokē bytwene hym and the kynge of / fraunce & how he myght be auenged vpon his wronge ¶In this same yere in the Assumpcyō of our lady deyed quene Phylyp of Englonde a fulle noble & gode lady & at westmyster full worshyp fully is buryed and entered And aboute mydso¦mer y^e duke of Lancastre & the erle of Herforde with a grete company of knyghtes wente into fraunce where as they gate them but lytel wro¦shyp & name / for there was a grete hoste of the frensshenmen vppon Calkhull brydge / and an other hoste of Englyssemen faste by the same brydge that lōge tyme had lyued there And ma¦ny worthy & grete men of Englonde ordeyned & yaf counseyll for to fyght & yaf batayll to the frensshemen but the forsayd lordes wolde not consent therto for no maner thynge. ¶And a¦none after it happened that y^e erle of warwyke come thyderwarde for to warre / and whan the frensshmen herde of his comynge of that he ca¦me fully to londe they left theyr tentes & pauy∣lyous wyth all theyr vytayls & fledde & went a waye pryuely. And whan the erle was comē to londe wyth his men he went in all hast towar∣de Normandy & destroyed the yle of Caux with strenthe of swerde and thrugh fyre But alas in his retornynge to Englond warde home ayen at Calys he was taken with sykenes of pesty∣lence & deyed not leuynge behynde hym after his dayes soo noble a knyght of armes. ¶In whyche tyme regned & warred y^e noble knyght syr Iohn̄ Hawkewod y^t was an Englysshman borne / hauynge with hym at his gouernaunce the white cōpany that is a forsayde. y^t whiche o tyme ayenst holy chirche & an other tyme ayen¦ste lordes warred & ordeyned grete batayls and there ī that same coūtre he dyde many merueyl¦lous thynges. ¶And aboute the cōuercyon of saynt Poule the kyng whan he had ended & do¦ne the entrynge & exequyes wyth greate costes and ryaltes about y^e sepulture of & buryeng of quene Phylyp his wyf he helde a parlement at westmyster in whyche parlement was axed or y^e clergye a thre yeres dyme / that is for to saye a grete dyme to payed thre yere durynge / & the clargye put it of and wolde not graunte it vnto Ester next comynge / & than they graunted wel that in thre yere by certayne termes that dyme sholde be payed and also of the laye fee was a thre yere .xv. graunted to the kynge.

¶How syr Robert Knolles with other cer¦tayne lordes of the reame went ouer see in to frauce and of theyr gouernaunce.

ANd in the .xlv. yere of kynge Edward in the begynnynge kynge Edwarde with vnwyse counseyll & vndyscrete borowed a grete sōme of golde of the prelates marchaun¦tes & other ryche men of his reame saynge that it sholde despended in defendyn he of holy chyr∣che & of his reame netheles it profyted no thyn¦ge / wherfore aboute mydsomer after he made a grete host of the worthyest men of hys reame Amōges whom were some lordes y^t is to say the lorde Fytzwater & the lord graunson and other worthy knyght{is} of whyche knyght{is} the kynge ordeyned syr Robert Knolles a proude kny••t and a welle assayd in dedes of armes for too be gouerneur / & that thrugh his counseyl & gouer¦naunce all thynge shold be gouerned & dressed And whan they come into / fraunce as longe as they dwelled & helde them hole togyder y^t fren∣shemen durste not fall vpon them. And att the laste about y^e begynnynge of wynter for enuye & couetyse that was amōge them / and also dys∣corde they sondred & parted them into dyuerse cōpanyes vnwysely & folesly. But syr Robert Knolles & hys men wente & keped thym saufe within a castell in Brytayne. And whan the frensshmen sawe y^t our men and felaushyp we¦re diuyded into dyuerse companyes and places not holdynge ne strengthynge thym togyders as they out for to do / they felle fyersly on oure men / & for the moost partye toke them or slewe thē. & tho that they might take ledde with them prysoners. ¶And in y^e same yere pope Vrban•• came fro rome to Auynyon for this cause that he sholde accorde & made peas bytwene y^e kyn∣ge

of Fraūce & the kynge of Englond for euer more. But alas or he began his treates he dey¦ed wyth y^e sekenesse the .xxi day of Decembre / and was buryed as for the tyme in the cathe∣drall chyrche of Auynyon fast by the hygh aw¦ter. and the nexte yere after whan he had lyen so his bones were taken out of the erth & bury¦ed new in the abbay of saynt vyctorye fast by Marcylle / of the whiche abbaye he was somty¦me abbot hymself. And in both places that he was baryed in there he many grete myrcales done & wrough thrugh the grace of almighty god to many mānes helpe & to the worshyp of god almghty. ¶And after whom folowed nex¦te and was made pope Gregorye Cardynalle Deken that before was called Pyers Roger. ¶In the same yere Lymoge rebelled & faught ayenst the prynce as other cytes dyde in Guy∣hem for grete taxes cossages & raunsons y^t they were put and sete to by prynce Edwarde / why¦che charges were importable / wherfore they turned fro hym and fellen to the kynge of Fra∣unce. And whan prynce Edwarde this he was sore chafed & agreued / and in hys tornynge ho¦me warde ayen in to Englonde with sore scar musshes and fytynge and grete sautes fought with theym and toke the forsayd cytee and de∣stroyed it almoost to the grounde and slewe all that he founde in the cyte. And than for to say the sothe for dyuerse sekenes & maladyes that he had and also for defaute of money y^t he my∣ghte not with stande ne tary on hys enmyes he hyed hym ayen in to Englonde with his wyfe and menye leuynge behynde in Gascoyne the duke of Lancastre & syr Edmond erle of Cam¦brydge wyth other worthy and noble men of armes. ¶In the .xlvi. yere of kynge Edward at the ordynaunce and sengynge of kynge Ed¦warde / the kynge of Nauerne come to hym to Claryngdon to treate wyth hym of certayne thynges touchynge his warre in Normandye where kynge / Edwarde had left certayne sye∣ges in his stede tyll he come ayen. But kynge Edwarde myghte not spede of that that he se∣ked hym. And so the kynge of Nauerne wyth grete worshyp & grete gyftes to his leue & wen¦te home ayen. ¶And abowte begynnynge of Marche whan the parlemente at westmyster was begon the kyng asked of the clergye a sub¦sydye of .l.M. poūde the whiche by a good auy¦sement and by a generall cōuocaōn of the cler¦gye it was graunted & ordeyned that it sholde be payed and reysed of the lay fee. And in thys parlement at the request askynge of the lordes in hatred of men of holy chirche. the Chaunce¦ler & the tresourer that were bysshops and the clerke of the pryue sale. were remeued and put out of offyce & in theyr stede were seculer men put in. And whyle thys parlement lasted there come somlepne embassatours fro the pope to treate with the kyng of peas and sayd that the pope desyred to fulfyll his predecessours wyll but for all theyr comynge they sped not.

¶Of the besygynge of Rochell & how the er∣le of Penbroke & his cōpany was takē in y^e ha∣uen wyth spanyerdes & all hys shyppes brent.

THe .ix. daye of Iune kynge Edward in the .xlvii. yere of his regne helde his parlemente at whynchestre & it lasted but .viii. dayes / to the whiche parlement were sompned by wryte of men of holy chyrche .iiii. bysshops & .v. abbottes without ony moo. This parle∣ment was holden for marchauntes of London of Norwhiche & of other dyuerse plac{is} in dyuer¦se thynges and poyntes of trason that they we∣re defamed of / that is to saye that they were re∣bell & wolde arise ayenst the kynge this same ye¦re the duke of Lancastre & the erle of Cambryd¦ge his brother come out of Gascoyne into En¦londe & tooke & wedded to theyr wyues peters doughter somtyme kynge of Spayne Of why¦che two doughters the duke had the elder & the erle y^e yonger. & that same tyme there were sent two Cardynals fro the pope / that is to saye an Englysshe Cardynall & a Cardynal of Parys to treate of peas bytwene these two reames / y^t whyche whan they had ben both longe eche in his prouynce & countreees fast by treatynge of the forsayd peas / att the last they toke with the¦ym the lettes of procuracye & went ayen to Ro¦me without ony effect of theyr purpose. ¶In this yere was there a stronge Batayll in the see bytwene Englysshmen and flemynges and y^e Englysshmen had the victory & toke .xxv. shyp¦pes with salt and sleynge and drenchynge all y^e mē that were therin vnwetynge they they we∣re of that countree. And moche harme shold ha¦ue fallen therof had not peas & accorde sone be made bytwene them. ¶And in this same yere the frensshmen besyeged the towne of Rochell wherfore the erle Penbroke was sent into gas¦coyne wyth a grete company of men of armes

for to dystroye the syege / whyche passed the see and came sauf to the hauen of Rochell / & whan they were there at the hauē mouth or that they myght entre / sodaynly come vpon them a strō¦ge nauye of Spanyardes y^e whiche ouercame the Englysshmen in moche blemysshynge hur¦tinge and sleynge of many people for as moche as the Englysshmen were than not redy for to fyght ne were ware of them. And as the Span¦yerdes came vpon them all the Englysshmen other they were takē or slayne / and .x. of theym were sore woūded to the deth and all theyr shyp¦pes brente / and there they toke the erle wyth a grete tresour of the reame of Englōde and ma∣ny other noble mē also on mydsomer euen the whiche is saȳt Edeldred{is} daye and ledde them with them into Spayne. And of this mysche∣yf was no grete wonder for this erle was a full ylle lyuer as an open lechoure And also in a cer¦tayne parlemente he stode and was ayenst the ryghtes & fraunchyse of holy chyrche And also he counseylled the kyng and counseyll that he shold axe mo of men of holy chyrche than other persones of the laye mē. And for the kynge and other men of hys counseyll accepted and tooke rather ylle opynyons and causes ayenste men of holy chyrche than he dyd for to defende and mayntene the ryght of holy chyrche / it was af¦ter seen many tymes for lacke of fortune & gra¦ce they had not ne bare awaye so grete vycto∣ry ne power ayenst theyr enmyes as they dyd before. ¶This same yere the kyng with a gre¦te host entred the see to remeue the syege of Ro∣chell / but the wynde was euer contrarye vn∣to hym and suffred hym not lōge tyme to go fer fro the londe / wherfore he abode a certayne ty¦me vpon the see costes abydynge after a good wynde for thē & yet come in not So at y^e last he come thens with his mē to lond warde ayen. & anone as he was a londe y^t wynde began to tor¦ne & was in an other cost than he was afore.

¶How the duke of Lancastre with a grete hoost wente into / flaundres & passyd by Pa∣rys thrugh Burgon & thrugh all fraūce tyll he come vnto Burdeux.

SOone after in the .xlviii. yere of the reg¦ne of kynge Edwarde the duke of Lan¦castre with a grete power went into / flaundres & passed by Parys thrugh Burgon & thrughe all / fraunce tyll he came vnto Burdeux with∣out ony maner wythstandynge of the / frensshe¦men \ and he dyde them but lytell harme saufe he toke & raunsoned many places & townes & many men & lette theym go after frely. The sa¦me yere the kyng sent certayne embassatours to y^e pope prayenge hym that he sholde leue of & medle not in his court of the kepīge and reser∣uacyōs of benefyc{is} in Englonde. And that tho that were chosē to bysshoppes sees & dignetees frely & wyth full myght Ioy & haue & be confer¦med to the same of theyr metropolytans & Ar∣chebysshops as they were wonte to be of olde tyme Of these poyntes and of other touchynge the kyng & his reame / whan they had theyr an¦swer of the pope / the pope enioyned them that they sholde certefy hym ayen by theyr letter of y^e kynges wyll & of hys reame or they determy∣ned ought of the forsayd artycles In this same yere deyed Iohan the Archebysshop of yorke / Iohan bysshop of Ely / wyllyam byssop of wor¦cestre. In whoos stedes folowed & were made bysshops by auctoryte of pope. master. Alexan¦der Neuyll to the Archebysshop of yorke. Tho¦mas of Arūdell to the bysshopryche of Ely. and syr Henry wakfelde to the bysshopryche of wor¦cestre. In the whiche tyme it was ordened in y^e parlement that all Cathedrall chyrches shold Ioy & haue theyr eleccōns hole & y^t the kyng fro that tyme afterwarde shold not wrytte ayenst thē that were chosen / but rather helpe them by his letters to theyr confyrmacyon & this statu¦te dyd moche profyte. ¶And in this parlemēt was graūtyd to the kynge a dyme of the clergy & a .xv. of lay fee. ¶In the .xlix. of the regne of kyng Edward deyed Mayster wyllyam wyt∣lesey Archebysshop of Caunterbury & the mō¦kes of the same chirche asked and desyred a car¦dynall of Englonde to be Archebysshop. & ther¦fore the kyng was agreued & ment & purposed to haue exyled the mōkes of the same. and they spended moche good or they myght haue y^e kyn¦ges grace ayen & his loue but yet wold the kyn¦ge not consent ne graunt to theyr eleccōn of y^e Cardynall ne of the pope also ne his Cardynal¦les. ¶And at the begynnyge of August it was treated & spoken at Bruges of certayne poyn∣tes / and artycles hangynge bytwene the pope and the kynge of Englond / this treates lasted almoost too yere. And at the laste it was accor¦ded bytwene theym that the pope fro that ty∣me forth sholde not vse ne dele wyth the reser∣uacyons of benefytes in Englonde / and that

the kynge sholde not graunt ne lette no benefy¦ces by hys wrytte y^t is called (Quare impedyt) But as touchynge the eleccion abouesayd the¦re was noo thynge touched ne done. And that was wyted and put vpon certayne clerkes the whiche rather supposed and hoped to be auaū¦ced & promoted to bysshhpryches whiche they desyred and coueyted by the court of Rome ra¦ther than by ony other eleccyons / ¶This sa∣me yere about Candelmasse there mette togy∣der att Bruges many noble & worthy men of bothe sydes and reames to trete of peas bitwe¦ne tho two kynges. And this tretes lasted two yere with grete costes & large expensens of bo∣the partyes. And at the laste they went & depar¦ted thens without ony accorde or effecte. The next yere after the .l. yere of kynge Edward y^e .iiii. Non̄ of May beynge yet voyde & vacaunt the Archebysshopryche of Caunterbury may∣ster Symonde sudbery bysshoppe of London was made Archebysshop & mayster wyllyam courteney that was bysshop of Herforde was than made bysshop of London / & the bysshop of Bangor was made bysshop of Herforde. ¶And this same tyme in a certayne treates & spekynge of peas trewes was taken bytwene them of Fraūce & Englonde fro mydsomer to mydsomer come ayen an hole yere & about the begynnyng of Aprell y^e duke of brytayne wyth many erles barons and worthy lordes & men of Englond went ouer see in to Brytayn whe¦re he hathe had all his luste desyre & purpose ne had the for sayd trewes be soo soone taken the whiche letted them. ¶This same tyme the yle of Constantyne where that the castell of saynt Saueour is in. that longe tyme was foughten at & besyeged of the Frensshmen than yelde to the Frensshmen with al the apportenaūtes in to grete harme & hyndrynge of y^e reame of En∣glonde And thys same yere there were so grete and so passynge hetes & ther with all a gret pes¦tylence in Englonde & in other dyuerse party∣es of ••he worlde y^t it destroyed & slewe vyolent¦ly & strōgly both men & wymen without nom∣bre. Thys same yere deyed syr Edwarde y^e lor¦de spencer a worthy knyghte & a bolde & in the mynster of Teukesbury worshipfully is bury¦ed. And lastynge this pestilence the pope at the instaunce and prayer of an Englysshe Cardy∣nale graunted to all people that deyed in Eng¦londe that were sory & repentaūt for theyr syn¦nes and also shryuē full remyssyon by two bul¦les vnder lede .vi. monethes than next to last. ¶In this same yere the erle of Penbroke was taken & raūsoned bi Bartram Clayken bytwe¦ne Parys & Calays as he come towarde Eng∣lond vpon saynt Atheldredes day y^t whiche sa¦ynt as it was sayd the erle oftentymes had affē¦ded / and within a lytyll whyle after he deyed. ¶And in Nouembre next after there mette at Bruges the duke of Lancastre and the duke of Angoy with many other lordes and prelates of bothe reames for to treate of peas.

¶Of the dethe of prynce Edwarde and of the lorde Latymer and dame Alyce peres thru¦ghe whome and hyr maynteners y^e Reame ma∣ny a daye was mysgouerned.

NOt longe after the .li. yere of Kyng Ed¦wardes regne he lette ordeyne & holde at westmynster the grettest parlement y^t was seen many a yere afore. In the whiche parlemente he asked of the comynaltee of the reame as hee had done afore a grete subsydye to be graunted to hym for defēdynge of hym and of his reame but y^e comunes answerd that they were soo of¦te daye by daye greued & charged with so mani talag••s & subsydyes y^t they myght no lēger suf∣fre noo suche burthōs and charges & that they knewe & wyst well ynough that the kynge had ynough for sauynge of hym and of hys reame yf the reame were well & truely gouerned / But that it had bee soo longe euyll gouerned by ylle offycers / that the reame myght nother be plen∣teuous of chaffre & marchaundyse ne also with rychesse. And in these thynges they profyred themself yf the Kyng wolde certaynly to preue it and stande by. and yf it were foundē and pro¦ued afterwarde that the Kynge had nede they wolde gladly euery man after hys power and state hym helpe and lene. And after this were publysshed & shewed in the parlemente many playntes and defautes of dyuers offycers of y^e reame and namely of the Lorde Latymer the kynges chamberlayne bothe to the Kynge and eke to the reame. ¶And also att the laste there was spoken & treated of dame Alyce Pers for the grete wronges & euyll gouernaunce y^t was done by hyr counseyl in the reame The whiche dame Alyce pers that y^e kyng had holden longe tyme to hys lemman wherfore it was the laste wonder though thrugh the frealter of the wo∣mans excytynge & hyr steringe he consented to

hyr lewdnesse & euyll coūseyl the whiche dame Alyce & also the lorde Latymer & other suche y^e meued the kynge to euyll gouernaunce ayenst his profyte & the reame also / all the comynalte asked & desyred that they sholde be remeued & put awaye and in theyr stedes wyse mē & wor∣thy that were trewe & wel assaied & proued and of good gouernaunce. sholde be put in theyr ste¦des. So amonge al other there was one amon¦ge the comunes that a wyse knyght and a tre∣we / and an eloquent man whoos name was Pers delamare. And this same pers was cho¦sen to be speker for the comunes in the parlea∣ment And for this same Pers tolde and publys¦shed the trouthe and rehersed y^e wronges ayen¦ste the forsayd dame Alyce & other certayne per¦sones of the kynges counseyll as he was bydde by the comyns. ¶And also trustynge moche to be supported & mayntened in thys mater by helpe & fauour of the. prynce anone as the pryn¦ce was dede att the instaunce & requeste of the forsayd dame Alyce / thys Pers de amare was Iugyd to perpetual pryson in the castell of No¦tyngham. ¶And in the .vi. kal. of Iule lastyn∣ge y^e same parlemente deyed prynce Edwarde kynge Edwardes fyrst sone / that is to saye in trynyte sonday in worshyp of whyche feste he was wōte euery yere where that euer he were ī y^e worlde to holde and made the moost solēpny¦te that he myght. whos name & fortune of kny∣ghthode but yf it had be of an other Ector alle men bothe crysten & hethen whyle that he liued & was in good poynt wōdred moche and drad¦de hym wonder soore / whoos body is worshyp¦fully buryed in Crychyrche at Caunterbury. And in this same yere the mē and the erles tena¦untes of warwyk arose malycyously ayenst y^e abbot & couent of Euesham & theyr tenauntes. & destroyed thabbaye. & the towne & woūded & bete theyr men & slewe many of theym / & wen∣te to theyr maners & places & dyde moche har∣me / and brake downe ther parkes & closes & sle¦we theyr wylde bestes & chaced them brekynge theyr fysshe poundes & hedes & lete the water of theyr pondes stewes & ryuers renne out & toke the fysshe & bare it with them. and dyde theym all the sorowe that they myght. in so ferforthe that forsoth they had destroyed perpetuall that abbay with all theyr membres & apportenaun¦ces but yf the kynge the soner had not holpen it & taken hede therto. & therfore the kyng sent his letters to y^e erle of warwyk chargyng hym & cōmaūdynge hym that he sholde stynt redres¦se & amende tho euyll doers & brekers of his pe¦as. and so by meanes of lordes & other frendes the peas was made bitwene them. and for this hurtynge as it is sayd y^e kynge wolde not be go¦uerned as that tyme bi his lordes that there we¦re in y^e parlement. but he toke & made his sone the duke of Lancastre his gouerneur of the rea¦me / the whiche stode soo styll as gouernour tyl y^e tyme that he dyed. ¶The same yere after. cā¦delmasse or the parlement was done / the Kyn∣ge asked a subsidye of the clargy & of the lay fee & it was graūtyd hȳ / that is to say that he shol∣de haue of euery persone of y^e lay fee both man and woman that passed fourtene yere of aege foure pēs out takē pore beggers that were kno¦wen openly for nede pore beggers. ¶And that he shold haue of euery man of the holy chyrche that was benefyced or promoted twelue pens and all other that were not promoted iiii. pens out taken the .iiii. ordres of the frere beggers This same yere after Myghelmasse Rychar∣de prynce Edwardes sone was made prynce of wales to whom the kyng gaf y^e duchy of cor¦newayle with y^e erldom of chestre. And about this tyme y^e Cardynale of Englond y^e .iiii. day before mary Mawdalenes day after dyner so¦daynly was smyte with the paslye and loste his speche / & on mary Mawdalen••s daye deyed.

¶Of y^e dethe of Kynge Edwarde & how syr Iohan Monster warch knyght. was drawē & hanged for his falsnesse.

Ryght anone after in the .lii. yere of Kyn∣ge Edward in the begynnynge of Oc¦tobre pope Gregorye the .ix. broughte & reme∣ued his courte wyth hym from Auy••yon to co¦me. ¶And the .xii. daye of Apryl. Iohan Mon¦sterwarthe. Knyght att London was drawen & hangyd & than quartred & sent to four cheyf townes of Englond & his heed smyten of & sete vpon londen brydge / for this same Iohn̄ was full vntrewe to the kynge and to y^e reame & co¦ueytous & vnstable / for he tooke oftymes grete sōmes of money of the kynge & his coūseyll for men of armes wages that he sholde haue pa¦ed them & tooke it to his owne vse / & he dradde that att the laste he sholde be shent & accused for the same cause and fled pryuely to the kyng of Fraunce & was sworne to hym & become hys man and behyghte hym a greate nauye out of

Spayne in to confucyon & destroynge of Eng¦londe / But the ryghtfull god to whom no pre∣uyte is vnknowen suffred hym fyrst to beshen¦te & spylt or that he so traytoursly and falsly be¦trayed hys lyege lorde the kynge of Englonde and his peple in hys reame in the whiche groū¦de this same Iohn̄ was borne & wyckydly thru¦ghe batayll destroyed or he brought about hys cursed purpose. In the feest of Saynt George tho next kynge Edwarde gaaf to Rychard of Burdeux his heyr y^t was prynce Edwardes so¦ne at wyndsore thordre of knughthode & made hym knyght the whyche kyng Edward whan he had regned .li. yere the .xi. kal of Iune he dey¦de at Shene & is buryed worshypfully at west¦myster on whos soule god haue mercy. Thys kynge Edwarde was for soth of a passynge go¦denes & full gracyous amonge all the worthy men of the worlde for he passed & shone by ver¦tue of grace gauen to hym from god aboue all his predecessours y^t were noble men & worthy and he was a well harted man & an hardy / for he drade neuer no myshappes ne harmes ne e∣uyll fortune y^t myght fall a noble warryoure & a fortunate / for both on londe & see & in all ba∣tayls & assembles with a passinge glory & Ioy he had the vyctory he was meke & benygne ho¦mely sobre & soft to all mē as well to straūgers as to his owne subgettes & to other y^t were vn¦der his gouenaūce. He was deuoute & holy bo∣the to god & hooly chyrche / for he worshypped holpe & mayntened holy chirche & theyr myny¦stres wyth all maner reuerence / he was treata¦ble & well auysed in temporall & worldly nedes wyse in counseylle & dyscrete & meke to speke with / in his dedes & maners gentyll and well taught / hauynge pyte of them that were in dy¦seace / plecteuous in geuynge of bene faytes & almoses besy & curyous in bayldynge / & lyght¦ly he bare & suffred wronges and harmes and whan he was gyuen to ony occupacyon he lef¦te all other thynge for the tyme & tended ther to semely of body and a meyne stature / hauynge al waye to hyghe & to lowe a good chere. And here spronge and shone so moche grace of hym that what man had beholde hys face or had dre¦med of hym he roged that daye that all thynge sholde hap to hym Ioyfull and lysynge. And he gouerned hys kyngdome gloryously vnto his aege / he was large in geuynge and wys in spentes / he was fulfylled wyth all his honeste of good maners and vertues / vnder whom to lyue it was as for to regne. wherfore hys fader and his loos spronge so ferre that it came in to hethenes & Barbary shewynge and tellynge his worthynes & manhode in alle londes / and that no londe vnder heuen had brought forthe so noble a kynge soo gentyll and soo blessyd or myght reyse suche an other whan he was dede Neuertheles lechery and meuynge of his fles∣she hauntyd hym in his aege / wherfore the ra¦ther as it is to suppose for vnmesurable fulfyl¦lynge of his luste his lyfe shorted the soner. ¶And hereof take good hedelyke as his dedys bereth wymesse for as in hys begynnynge alle thynges were Ioyfull & lykynge to hym / and to all people. And in hys myddel aege he passed all people in hyghe Ioye worshyp and blyssyd¦nes. Ryght soo whan he drewe in to aege dra∣wynge donwarde thrughe lechery and other synnes lytell and lytell alle tho Ioyfull & bles∣syd thynges and prosperite decreasyd and mys¦shcaped and vnfortunate thinges and vnpro¦fytable harmes with many euyls began for to sprynge and the more harme ys yt contynued longe tyme after.

CLemens the .vi. was pope after Bene∣dict .x. yere / thys man in name and dede was vertuous / and many thynges that Bene¦dict was rygous in / he made easy / and certay∣ne that he depryued he restored / and the rygou∣senes of the fayth of Benedict was laudable •• But moche more laudable was the mekenesse of Clement. This man was a noble prechour and many sermons he gadred / and lete noo mā passe frome hym but he gaaf hym good coun∣seyll / and decessyd a blessyd man. ¶Karolus the .iiii. was Emperour after Lodewyk .xxxi. yere. Chis man was kynge of Beme a wyse man and a myghty. And this man was chosen Emperour by the cōmaundement of Clemens Lodewyk beynge a lyue in his contemacy / and bycause he asked mekely the poopes blessynge and too be crowned of hym as other good kyn∣ges dyde. therfore he was protected of god and preueyled ouer all his enmyes. And many fa∣uourable lawes he made spyrytuall men / the whiche yet are called Karolma / att the laste he decessed a ryche man in vertue and gooddes· ¶Innocentius the .vi. was pope after Clemē∣te .x. yere / and he was a grete louer of relygous men and he founded a monestery in Fraunce

of the ordre of Cartusyens. and was a greate canonyst. ¶Vrbanus the .v. was pope after Innocent. this man was abbot of Myssolens of the ordre of Saynt Benet a doctour and is taken for a saynt. he made the crosse too be pre∣ched ayenst the Turkes / and he made a passa∣ge to the Turkes / And to hym saynt Brygt was sente frome Cryste for the confyrmacyon of theyr rule and thanne he was poysened and decessyd. ¶Gregory the .ix. was pope after hym .viii. yere This Gregory dyd lytell. And after hym folowed the trybulacyon the whiche our lorde shewed to saynt Brygyt for the syn∣ne of the clargye ¶Venselaus sone to Karo∣lus a forsayd was Emperoure .xiiii. yere. And he was a chylde and was chosen whan hys fa∣der was on lyue / but he tooke no kepe of them pyre / and whan he was warned many tymes for to take hede vnto it and wolde not. He was deposed / For he gaaf all his delyte and luste to lechery / and hys ende was without honour for he wente gretly from the maners and the ver∣tues of hys noble fader. And he was crowned with themperyall dyademe. and the wysdome of his fader passed into Sygysmonde his bro¦ther as after it shall appyre. ¶Trbanus was pope after Gregory .vi. yere / this Vrban was chosen in the cytee of Rome by the strenth of y^e Romayns but the Cardynals dyde y^t fo. drede & not wyllyngly / Wherfore they fled vnto the Cyte of Foundorū And they sayd y^t he was not pope / & chose in his place syr. Robert of Geben¦nys the same yere the whiche was called Cle∣ment the .vii· ¶Nota. And here began y^e .xii. stryfe in the chyrche. And it was more worse than euer was ony other before / for it was soo subtyll / that y^e wysest mē that were & y^e beste of conscyence coude not deserue wyth whome it was best to saye & to holde. And this stryfe du¦red xl. yere with a grete sclaunder vnto the cler¦gye and greate peryll vnto mennys soules for heresyes and other euyll thynges the whyche were brought in than. In so moche that there was no doctryne in the chirche for mysdoynge and therfore frome this daye Vrbane the .vi. vnto Martyne I knowe not who was pope. ¶The feest of the vysytacōn of our lady was ordeyned by Vrbane the .vi. after the fourme of the sacramente of the awter for a peas & an vnyte to be had amonge them thrugh the me∣rytees of our blessyn lady. ¶Bonefacias the ·ix. was pope after Vrbane .xv yere. ¶This Boneface was chosen at Rome in the stede of Vrbane / & the stryfe contynued For Benedic¦tys was chosen in Auynyon in the place of cle¦ment and was call••d Petrus de luna & he du∣red to the counseyll of Constantinus / & thenne he wolde not obaye but euer abode obstynate. And at the laste he decessed in the Kyngdom of Aragon. And he commaunded his Cardynals to these an other pope the whyche they dyde a∣none. And they sete vpon an ydoll and named hym Clement / but they profyted not.

¶Circa annū dm̄ .M.CCC.lxxx. ¶And after kynge Edwarde the thyrde that was borne in wyndesore regned Ry¦charde of Burdeux that was prynce Ed¦wardes sone of wales / the whiche prynce Edwarde was kynge Edwards sone.

ANd after the gode kynge Edward the thyrde that was borne at wyndesore re¦gned Rycharde the seconde that was the good syr Edwardes sone / prynce of wales. the why¦che kynge Rycharde was borne in the cy••ee of Burdeux in Gascoine / & was crowned at west¦mynster in the .xi. yere of hys aege. And in the secōde yere of his regne / for y^e debate that was bytwene the lorde Latymer and syr Rauf Fe∣ryers knyght that was ayenst Hawell & S••a¦kell squyre for y^e prysoner y^t was take in Spay∣ne / by these two squyres / and the whiche pryso¦ner the lorde Latymer and syr Rouf Feryers wolde haue had / the whyche prysoner was the Erle of Dene that they tooke in the batayll of Spayne / wherfore these two lordes come into the chyrche att westmynster and they founde thys one squyre to herynge his masse besyde sa¦ynt Edwardes shryne & there they sawe hym y^t whiche was called Hawell. ¶And Shakell was arested & put into the Toure of London And there he was longe tyme for he wolde not delyuer the erle of Dene his prysoner vnto the¦se two lordes / by syr Aleyn Burhyll constable of the Towre / and by Syr Raufe Feryes one of hys aduersaryes / tyll the kynge had graun∣ted hym grace. ¶In the thyrde yere of kynge Rycharde came the Galays of▪ fraunce into Englonde vnto dyuerse portes and brent and robbed and slewe moche people of Englonde that ys to saye / at wynchelsee / Rye / & Hastinge Portysmouth. and Hamp••on \ Stormore and Grauesende / and they dyd moche harme and

wente home ayen. And in this same / yere was a parlement holden at westmynster. And atte that same parlement was ordened that euery man woman and chylde that were at the aege of .xiiii. yere and aboue thrugh out all the rea∣me pore folke and other sholde paye to the ta••a¦ge / foure pens / wherfore came and befel after warde greate myscheyf & moche dysease to all the comynalte of the reame. ¶And in the .iiii. yere of kynge Rychardes regne the comynes arose vp in dyuerse partyes of the reame and dyden moche harme / the whiche tyme they cal¦led the hurynge tyme. ¶And they of Kent & of Estsex made them two cheyftayns for to rule and for gouerne the company of Kente and of Estsex. That one was called Iacke strawe and that other watte Tyler / and they come & assembled theym vppon blacke hethe in Ken∣te. And on Corpus chirsti daye after they came downe South werke / and taken vp the pry∣son hous / that is to saye the kynges bynche & the Marchelsee and delyuerde oute all the pry¦soners. And soo the same daye they came in to London and there they robbed the people and slewe all the alyens that they myghte fynde in the cyte and aboute the cyte and dyspoyled all there gode and made auowe. And on the frye¦daye next folowinge after that was on the mo∣rowe and than they came to the toure of Lon∣don and y^e kynge beynge ther in / they fette out of the Toure the Archebysshop of Caunterbu¦ry. syr Symonde Sudbery / and syr Robet ha¦lys hospyteler pryoure and mayster of Sayn•• Iohans hous / and a whyte frere that was cō∣fessoure vnto kyng Rycharde & brought them vnto the Towre hylle and there they smote of theyr heedes and came agayne in to London and slewe in othe people of the Cytye. ¶And thenne they wente vnto the. Dukes place of Lancastre beyonde saynt Mary of the stron∣de that was called the Sauoy / and there they deuoured and destoyed all the goodes that they therin myght fynde and bare them away and than they brente vp the place. And than after warde they wēte to saynt Iohn̄ without smyth felde & destroyed the godes there & brente vp y^e hous to the harde grounde / and wente to west¦mynster and saynt Martyns the graūte & ma¦de them go out of sent wary all that were with in for ony maner of gylthe / And that come vn¦to y^e Temple & to al other Innes of men of law and dyspoyle theym & robbe theym of theyr go¦des & also tooke theyr bokes of lawe / & thenne they came to London and brake vp the pryson of Newgate & drofe out all y^e prysoners felons and other / & of bothe countrees and all the peo¦ple that were wyth in theym and destroyed all the bokes of the counters. And thus they con∣tynued both saterdaye & sonday vnto the mon¦daye next after in all their malyce and wyckyd¦nes. ¶And than on mondaye kynge Rychar∣de with his lorde that were wyth hym that ty∣me & with the mayer of London wyllyam wal¦worth that was that tyme come wythe the al¦dermen and the comunes of the cyte / & they co¦me in to South werke to here and to know the entoncyon of these rebelles & mysgouered pe¦fple. And this Iacke strawe made a crye in the elde that all tke people of accorde sholde come nerer and here his claymours & his crye & hys wyll. And the lordes and the mayer and the al¦dermen mith the comynaltee hauynge indyg∣nacōn of his rouetyse & falsnes & his foule pre¦sumpcōn / Anone wyllyam walworth that ty¦me beynge mayer drewe out his knyfe & slewe Iacke straw / & anone ryght smote of his hede & sete it vppon a spere & so it was borne thrugh London and sette vpō London brydge. Anone these rysers & mysgouerned peple were vanys∣shed as it had not be they / & thenne the kyng of his greate goodnesse & by prayer of hys lordes made there .vi. knyghtes of good & worthy mē of the cyte of London / y^t is to say wyllyam wal¦worthe art y^e tyme mayer & slewe Iacke strawe and the seconde was Nycholas brembre / and the thyrde Iohan Phylipot / & y^e fourth Nycho∣las twyforde / and the fyfte Robert laundes / & the syxte Robert gayton. And than the kynge wyth hys lordes and knyghtes retorned ayen to the tour of London and there he rested hym tyll hys people were better cessed and sette in reste and peas. And than by processe of tyme as they myght take and gete these rebelles and rysers they honge theym vppon the nexte galo∣thrugh out euery lordshyp in the reame of En∣glōd by .xl. by .xxx. by .x. and by .xii. euer as they myght be gotē and taken in ony partyes. And in the .v. yere of kynge Rychardes regne was the grete erth quake and was generall thrugh out the world the wenesbaye after wytsonday in the yere of our lorde .M.CCC.lxxxxi. wher¦fore all maner people were sore agast and afer∣de

longe tyme for drede of vengeaūge that our lorde shewed and dyd. ¶And in the .vi. yere of kyng Rychard / then syr Henry spēser bysshop of Norwiche wente with a grete cōpany ouer see into Flaundres and there they gete the tow¦ne of Grauynge and the towne of burbrugge Dunkerk and Newport and there they laded and fraughted .li. shippes with pelage for to ha¦ue comen into Englond with these shyppes & goodes. And the bysshop of Norwiche and his counseyll lete brenne these shyppes with al the plege in the same hauen all into harde asshes & att Dunkerk was done a grete batayll bytwe∣ne the Flemynges and the Englysshemen. And at that batayll were slayne a grete multy∣tude of the Flemynges and a grete nōbre. And thā went y^e bysshop with hys retenue to sypers and besyeged it a longe tyme but it myght not be goten. And so left that syege and came ayen into Englonde / for oure Englysshmen were fouly destroyed and many deyed on the flyx. & in this yere come quene Anne into Englonde for to be spoused to kynge Richarde and hyr fa¦der was Emperour of almayne & kyng of Be¦me / & with hyr come the duke of Tassy hyr vn¦cle and many other worthy lordes & knyghtes of hyr countree of Beme and of other duche tonges to doo hyr reuerence and worshyp. And syr Symonde beuerle a worthy knyght of the garter and other knightes and squyres that we¦re the kynges embassatoures broughte hyr in to Englonde and soo forthe to London· And the people of the cyte / that is to saye the mayer and the aldermen and alle comynes roden a∣yenste hyr to welcome hyr. And euery man in goode araye and euery crafte wyth hys myn∣stralsye in the beste manere wyse and mette wyth hyr on the blacke hethe in Kente and soo brought hyr vnto London thrugh the cyte & so forthe vnto westmynster vnto the kynges pa∣lays. And there she was spoused vnto kynge Rycharde well and worthely in the abbaye of westmynster and there she was crowned que∣ne of Englonde. And all hyr trendes that came with hyr haddē grete gyftes and were well che¦rysshed & refresshed as longe tyme as they abo¦den there. ¶And in thys same yere there was a batayll done in the kynges palays at westme¦ster for certayne poyntes of treason bytwene syr Iohan Ansley knyght defendaūt / & Carton squyre the appellaunt. But thys syre Iohan of Ansley ouercame this Carton & made hym to yelde hym wythin the lystes. And anone was this Carton dyspoyled of his harneys & drawē out of the lystes and so forth vnto Tyburne & there he was hangyd for his falsnesse. ¶And in the .viii. yere / of the regne of kynge Rychar¦de the seconde / syr Edmonde of Langley the. Erle of Canbrydge kynge Rychardes vncle wente in to Portyngale with a fayr company of men of armes and archers in strengthynge and helpynge the kynge of Portyngale ayenst the kynge of Spayne & hys power / and there the kynge of Portyngale had the victory of his enemyes thrugh helpe & comforth of our En∣glysshmen. And whan that Iourney was do¦ne the erle of Cambridge come home ayē with his people in too Englonde in haste blessed be god his blessyd gyftes Amen· ¶And this same yere kynge Rycharde helde his Crystemas in the maner of Eltam. ¶And the same yere & ty¦me the kyng of armony fledde out of hys owne londe and came into Englond for to haue hel∣pe and socoure of our kynge ayenst hys enmy∣es that hadde dryuen hym out of hys owne re∣ame. And so he was brought vnto the kyng to Eltham there as the kynge helde his ryall feest of Crystmasse. ¶And there our kynge welco¦med hym and dyd moche reuerence & worshyp and commaunded all hys lordes to make hym all the chere that euer they coude. And than he besought the kynge of hys grace and of helpe & of his comforthe in hys nede & that he myghte be brought ayen to his kyngdome and londe. For the Turkes had deuoured and destroyed the moost parte of his londe •• and how he fled•• for drede / and come hyder for socoure and hel∣pe. And thenne the kynge hauynge on hym py¦te and compassyon of hys grete myscheyf and greuous dysease anone he tooke hys counseyll and asked what was beste to do. And they an¦swerde and sayde yf it lyked hym to gyue hym ony good it were weldone. And as touchynge hys peple for to trauell so ferre into our londes it were a grete Ieoperdye. And soo the kynge gaf hym golde and syluer and many ryche gyf¦tes and Iewels and betaught hym to god / and so he passed ayen out of Englonde. ¶And in thys same yere kynge Rycharde wyth a ryall power wente into Scotlonde for to warre vp¦pon the Scottes for the falsnes and destruccy¦on that the Scottes had done vnto Englysshe¦men

in the Marches. And than the Scottes come downe to y^e kynge for to treat wyth hym and with his lordes for trewes as for certayne yeres. And so ouer kynge & his coūseyll gaūted theym trewes for certayne yeres / and our kyn¦ge torned hym ayen in to Englōde. And whan he was comen vnto yorke there he abode and rested hym there syr Iohn Holonde the erle of Kentes broder slewe the erles sone of Staffor∣de and his heyre with a daggar in the cytee of yorke / wherfore the kynge was sore anoyed & greued and remeued thens & came to London And the mayer with the aldermen and the co∣myns with all the solempnyte that myghte be done ryden ayenst the kyng & brought hym ry¦ally thrught the cytye and so for the vnto west∣mynstre to his owne palays. ¶And in the .ix. yere of kynge Rychardes regne he helde a par¦lemēt at westmynster & there he made two du¦kes & a marqueys & fyue erles. The fyrste that mas made duke was the kynges vncle syr Ed¦monde of Langle erle of Cambridge & hym he made duke of yorke / & his other vncle syr Tho¦mas of wodstok that was erle of Bukyngham hym he made duke of Gloucestre. And syr Ly¦onuer y^t was erle of Oxford hym he made mar¦queys of Deuelyne. & Henry of Balyngbrok the dukes sone of Lancastre hym he made erle of Derby. And syr Edwarde the dukes sone of yorke hym he made erle of Ruttelond / And syr Iohan Holonde that was the Erle of Kentes broder & hym he dyde make erle of Huntyng∣don· ¶And Syr Thomas Mombraye / hym he made erle of Notyngham and the erle Mar¦shalle of Englond. And syr Mychell de lapole knygh•• hym he made erle of Southfolke and Chaunceler of Englonde. And the Erle of the Marche at that same parlemēt holden at west¦mynster in playne parlement amonges all the lordes and comyns was proclamed erle of the Marche and heyre Parente to the trowne of Englonde after kynge Rycharde / the whiche erle of the Macche wente ouer see in to Irlon∣de / vnto hys lordshyppes and londes / for the erle of Marche is erle of Vlster in Irlond and by ryght lyne & herytage. And there at the cas∣tell of hys he laye that tyme / and ther came v∣pon hym a grete multytude in busshmentes of wylde Irysshmen for to take hym and destroy hym. & he come oute fyersly of his castell wyth his people and manly faughte with the mans there he was taken & he wen all to peces and so he deyed vpon whos soule god haue mercy. ¶And in the .x. yere of kyge Rychardes reg∣ne the erle of Arundell wente to the see with a greate nauye of shyppes and armed with men of armes and goode archers / And whan they come in the brode see they mette wyth the hole flete that come with wyne lade frome Rochell the whiche wyne were enemyes goodes. And there our nauye sete vpon theym & toke theym all and brught theim vnto dyuerse portes and hauens of Englonde & some to London / & the¦re ye myght haue had a tonne of Rochel wyne of the beste for .xx. shellynges sterlynge / and so we had grete chepe of wyne in Englonde that tyme thanked be god almyghty.

¶How the fyue lorde arosen at Rattecote brydge.

ANd in the regne of kyng Richarde the .xi. yere thenne fyue lordes arosen atte Rattecote brydge in the destruccyon of the re∣belles that were y^e tyme in all y^e reame. ¶The fyrste of these fyue lordes was syr Thomas of wodstoke the kynges vncle & duke of Glouce∣stre / and the seconde was syr Rycharde erle of Arundell / & the thyrde was syr Rycharde erle of warwyk / the fourth was syr Henry Balyn¦brok erle of Derby / the fyft was syr Thomas Monbray erle of Notyngham. And these .v. lordes sawe the myschyef and mysgouernaun∣ce & the falsnes of the kynges counseyll / wher∣fore they that were that time cheyf of the kīges counseyl fled out of his londe ouer see that is to syr say Alysander Neuyll the Archebysshop of yorke / & syr Robert Lewe marqueys of Deue¦lyne & erle of Oxforde & syr Mychell de la pole Erle of Southfolke and Chaunceler of Eng¦londe. And these thre lordes went ouer see & ca∣me neuer ayen for there they deyed. ¶And thā these fyue lordes aboue sayd made a parlemen∣te at westmynster & there they toke syr Robert Tresilyam the Iustyce and syr Nycholl Brem¦bre knyght and cytezeyn of Lōdon & syr Iohn̄ Salysbury a knyght of y^e kynges housholde & vske sergeaunt of armes & many moo of other peple were taken and Iuged vnto the deth by the counseyll of these .v. Lordes in that parle¦mēte at westmester for the treasō that they put vpon theym be drawen from y^e tour of Lon∣dō thrugh out the cyte & so fourth vnto Tybur¦ne & there they sholde be hanged & theyr throtes

to be cutte & thus they were serued and deyed. And after th•• in thys same parlement at west¦mynster was syr Symonde Beuerle that was a knyghte of the garter & syr Iohn̄ Beauchāp knyght that was stewarde of the kynges hous∣holde / & syr Iames Berners werefore Iuged vnto the deth and than they were ledde on fote to the toure hylle & there were there hedes smy∣ten of and many other moo by these .v. lordes. ¶In this same parlement and in the .xii. yere of kynge Rychardes regne he lette crye & ordey¦ne a generall Iustes that is called a turnement of lordes & knyghtes. And this Iustes & turne¦ment were holden at London in smythfelde of all manere of straūgers of what londe or coun¦tree that euer they were & thyder they were ry∣ghte welcome & to them & too all other was hol¦den opē housholde and grete festes & also grete gyftes were gyuen to all manere of stranges. And of the kynge syde were all of one sute theyr cotes ther armure sheldes hors trappure and all was whyte hertes with cownes abbout the¦yr neckes and chaynes of gold hangynge ther¦vpō and the crowne hangynge lowe before the hertes body / the whyche herte was the kynges leueraye that he gaafe too Lordes and ladyes knyghtes and squyres for to knowe hys hous∣holde frome other people. ¶And in this feest camen to the Iustes .xxiiii. ladyes and ladde. •• xxiiii. lordes of the garter with chaynes of gold and alle the same sutes of hertes as it is before sayde frome the Toure on horsbacke thrughe the Cytye of London into smytfelde there that the Iustes sholde be holden. ¶And this feeste / and Iustes was holden generalle for al tho that wolde come theder of what londe and nacyon that euer they were. And this was hol∣den durynge .xxiiii. dayes of the kynges costes and these .xxiiii. lordes too answere all manere people that wolde come thyd. And theder came the erle of saynt Poule of fraūce & many other worthy knyghtes wyth hym of dyuerse party∣es full worthely arayed. And out of Holande & Henaude came the lorde Ostruaūt that was y^e dukes sone of Holande & many other worthy knyghtes with hym of Holand & full well aray¦ed. And whan this feest & Iustynge was ended the kynge thanked this straungers and gaf thē many ryche gyftes. And so they token theyr le¦ue of the kynge and of other lordes & ladyes & went home ayen into theyr owne coūtres with grete loue and moche thanke. ¶And in y^e .xiii. yere of kyng Rychardes regne there was a ba¦tayll done in the kynges palays att westmyn∣ster bytwene a squyer of Nauerne y^t was wyth kynge Rycharde / & an other squyre y^t was cal∣led Iohn̄ walssh for poȳtes of treasō that thys Nauerne put vppon this walsshman. but this Nauerne was ouercomē & yelde hym recreaūt to his aduersary. And anone he was dyspoyled of his armure and drawē oute of the palays to Tyburne and there was hāged for his falsnes And the .xiiii. yere of kynge Rychardes regne syr Iohan of Gaunt duke of Lancastre wente ouer see into Spayne for to chaleng hys ryght that he had by his wyfes tytle vnto the crowne of Spayne with a grete host of people and mē of armes and archers. and he had with hym •• duchesse hys wyf and hys thre doughters ouer see into Spayne / & ther they were a grete why∣le / & att the last the kynge of Spayne began to treate with the duke of Lācastre and they were accorded togyder thrugh theyr bothe counseyll in this maner / that y^e kynge of Spayne sholde wedde the dukes doughter of Lancastre that was the ryght heyre of Spayne and shold gy¦ue vnto y^e duke of Lancastre golde & syluer that were caste into grete wegges and many other Iewels as moche as .viii. charyetes myght ca∣rye. And euery yere after duringe the dukes lyf of Lācastre and of the duches his wyf .x. thou∣sande marke of golde Of whyche golde the a∣uenture & charges sholde be to theym of Spay∣ne & yerely bryng vnto Bayon to the dukes as¦sygnes by suerte made. And also the duke ma∣ryed an other of hys doughters vnto the kyng of Portyngale the same tyme▪ and whā he had done so he come home ayen into Englonde and hys good lady hys wyf also / but many worthy men deyed vpon the flyx. ¶In the .xv. yere of kynge Rychard{is} regne he helde his crystmasse in the manere of wodstok and there the erle of Penbroke a yonge lord and tendre of aege wol¦de lerne to Iuste with a knyghte that was cal∣led syr Iohn̄ of saynt Iohn̄ & roden togyder in the parke of wodstoke. and there this worthy er¦le of Penbroke was slayne with that other kny¦ghtes spere as he caste it from hym whan that they had coupled / & thus the good erle made y^e¦re his ende / and therfore the kynge & the quene made moche sorowe for his deth. ¶And in the xvi. yere of kynge Rychardes regne Iohan hē¦de

beyng that tyme mayer of London & Iohn̄ wal worth & Henry vanner beynge shreues of London / that same tyme a bakers man bare a basket of hors brede in to Fletstrete to warde an hostre and there came a yonge man of the bysshop of Salysbury that was called Roma¦yn and he toke a bors lofe out of the basket of y^e bakers / & he asked hym why he dyde soo / and this Romayn torned ayen & brake the bakers heed / And neyghbours came out and wold ha¦ue arested thes Romayn & he brake from them & fledde to his lordes place & y^e Constable wol∣de haue hym out / but the bysshops men shette fast the yates & kept the place y^t no man myght entre and than moche more people gadred thy¦der and sayd that they wolde haue hym out or els they wolde brenue vp y^e place and alle that were wyth in / And than came the mayer and shreues wyth moche other people & cessyd the malyce of the comyns & made euery man to go home to there hoses and kepe peas. And thys Romayns lord the bysshop of Salysbury may¦ster Iohan waltham that at y^e tyme was treso¦rer of Englonde when syr Thomas Arundell Archebysshop of yorke & Chaunceler of Eng∣londe / & there the bysshop made hys complayn¦te vnto the Chaunceler on the peple of the cyte of Lōdon. And than these two bysshops of gre¦te malyce & vengeaunce come vnto the kynge at wyndesore & made a greate cōplaynt vpon the mayer and shreues. And anone all the cyte after warde came before the kynge & his coun¦seyll / and they caste vnto the Cytye a greuous herte and a wonder grete malyce / And anone sodeynly y^e kyng sent after y^e mayer of Lōdon and for the two shreues / & they came to hym vnto the castell of wyndsore. And the kynge re¦buked the mayer and shreues full foule for the offence that they had done ayenst hym & his of¦fycers in hys chambre at London / wherfor he deposed and put out the mayer and bothe shre∣ues / and this was done the .xiiii. dayes afore y^e feest of saynt Iohn̄ Baptyst. And than y^e kyn∣ge called to hym a knyght that was called syre Edwarde dalyngrygge & made hym wardey∣ne & gouernour of the cyte and chambre of Lō¦don & ouer all hys people ther in. And so he kep¦te that offyce but foure wekes bycause that he was so gentyl & tendre to the Cytezens of Lon¦don / wherfore the kynge deposed hym & made syr Bunde wyne radyngton knyght that was Conrtrouller of the kynges houshold wardey¦ne & gouernour of his chambre of his people ther in / and chose to hym worthy men of the cy¦te to be shreues wyth hym to gouerne & kepe y^e kynges lawes in the cyte / that one was called Gelbert Mawefelde & that other Thomas ne wenton shreues. And than y^e mayer & the two shreues and all the aldermen wyth all the wor∣thy craftes of London wente on foot vnto the toure of London / & there came out the Cones∣table of the towre & gaaf the mayer and y^e shre¦ues theyr othe & charge as they sholde haue ta¦ken in the Escheker of westmynster in y^e kyn∣ges court of his Iustyces & Barons of the Es∣cheker & than went they home ayen. And than the kynge & hys counseyll for the grete malyce and despyte y^t they had to the Cyte of London remeued all his courtes from westmynster vn¦to the Cyte of yorke / y^t is to saye the Chaūceler the Escheker the kynges bynche & the comune place / & there they helde all these courtes of la∣we fro mydsomer / that is to saye the feest of sa¦ynt Iohn̄ Baptyst vnto the feest of Crystmas¦se next comynge. And than the kynge and hys counseyll sawe it not so proffytale there. as it was at London / than anone he remeued yt a∣yen to Lōdon and soo to westmynster for grete ease of his offycers & a vauntage to the kyng & all the comunes of the reame. ¶And whanne the people of London saw and knewe that the¦se courtes were comē ayen / and the kynge and hys people also / than the mayer and the alder∣men with the chyef Comunes of the Cyte ga∣ue a grete somme of golde of all the Comunes of the Cyte / and ordeyned & made grete ryalte¦es ayen hys comynge too London for to haue hys grace good lordshyp and / also theyr lyber∣tees and Fraunchyses geaūted vnto them ayē as they were wonte to haue afore tyme. And thrugh grete instaunce and prayer of the quene and of other lordes and ladyes the Kynge graū¦ted theym grace. And this was done at Shene in Sutherey. And than the Kynge within two dayes after came to London / & the mayer of y^e Cyte with the shreues aldermē and all the wor∣thy men of the afterwarde rode ayenst hym in good araye vnto the hethe of hys syde of She∣ne the mayer submyttynge theym homely and mekely with all maner obeyssaunce vnto hym as they oughten too do. And thus he brought y^e kynge and the quene to London. And whan y^e

kynge came to the yate of London brydge the¦re they presenttd hym wyth a mylke whyte ste∣de sadled and brydled and trapped wyth cloth of golde and reed partyed to gyder. and the que¦ne a palfrey alle whyte in the same ararye trap¦pyd with white andreed / and al the conduytes of London ranne wyth wyne both whyte and reed / for all maner people to drynke who wol∣de. And bytwene saynt Poules and the crosse in chepe there was made a stage a ryall stan∣dynge vpon hygh and theyn were many angel¦les with dyuers melodyes & songes. And than an angelle came downe frome the stage on hy∣ghe by a vyce and sete a crowne of golde pyght wyth ryche perles & precyous stones vpon the kynges heed and an other vpon the quenes he∣ed. And soo the cytezeyns / brought the kyng & the quene to westmynster into theyr palays. And than on the morne after the mayer and y^e shreues and the aldermen of London camen vnto the kynge to hys palays att westmynster and presente hym with two basyns of syluer & ouergylted full of coyned golde the somme of .xx. hoūdred pounde prayenge hym of his hygh mercy & grace and lordshyp and specyally gra∣ce that they myght haue his good loue with the lybertees. And fraunchyses lyke wyse as they were wōte for to haue before tymes and by his letters patentes and his chartre confermed. And the quene and other worthy lorde and la¦dyes fell on ther knees and besoughte the kyn∣ge of grace to conferme this. Than the kynge toke vp the quene & graunted hyr all hyr asken¦ge. And than they thanked the kynge & the que¦ne & wente home ayen. ¶And in .xvi· yere of kyng Rychardes regne certayn lordes of scot¦londe came into Englond for to gete worshyp as by feet of armes / this were the persones. The erles Marre & he chalēged the erle Mar∣shall of Englond to Iuste with hym certayne poyntes on horsbak wyth sharpe speres & they rode togyder as two worthy knyghtes & lordes certayne courses / but not the full chalenge that the Scottes erle made / for he was calle bothe hors and man & two of hys rybbes brokē with that falle and so he was borne thēs out of smy∣thfelde home to his Inne. And within a lytyll tyme after he was caryed home in a hors lytter and att yorke he deyed. ¶And syr Waylly∣am Darell knyght and the kynges banerer of Scotlonde than made an other chalenge wyth syr Peres courtayne knyght and the kynges banerer of Englonde of certayne courses yet on horsbacke in the same felde / and whan he had ryden certayne cours & assayed he my∣ghte not haue the better he gaaf it ouer & wold nomore of his chalenge with syr pers courtay¦ne knyght & the kyng{is} banerer of Englonde & torned his hors and rode home vnto hys owne Inne. And one Cockeborne a squyre of Scot∣londe chalenged syr Nycholl Haberke a kny∣ght of certayn courses yet wyth sharpe speres and roden fyue courses togyder and at euery course the Scot was caste downe both hors & man / and thus ouer Englysshe Lordes than∣ked be god hadde the felde. ¶And in the .xvii yere of kyng Rychardes regne deyde the good gracyous quene Anne that was wyt to kyng Rycharde in the manere of Shene in the shy∣re of Surrey vpon wytsondaye / & than was she broughte to London and soo to westmyn∣ster and there was she buryed and worthely entered besyde Saynt Edwardes shryne on whoos sowle almyghty god haue pyte and in hys mercy. Amen.

¶How kynge Rycharde spowsed dame Isabell the kynges doughter of Fraun∣ce in the towne of Calays and broughte hyr in to Englond and lette hyr be crow¦ned quene in the abbaye of saynt Peters of westmynstre.

IN the .xx. yere of kynge Rychardes reg¦ne he wente hymselfe ouersee vnto Ca∣lays wih dukes erles lordes & barons and ma∣ny other worthy squyes wyth grete araye and comune people of the reame in good araye as longed to suche a kynge and prynce of hys no∣ble & of hys owne persone to do hym reuerence and obseruaūce as oughte to be done to theyr lyege lorde & so myghty a kynge & Emperoure in hys owne to abyde & receyue there that wor¦thy and gracyous Lady that shold be hys wyf a yonge creature of .xix. yere of aege dame Isa¦bell the kynges doughter of Fraūce and other worthy lordes of greate name bothe barons & knyghtes wyth moche other people y^t camen to the towne of Grauenynge & tow dukes of Fraunce that one was the duke of Burgoyn and that other the duke of Barre that wolde no furtherlesse than they hadde pledges. And than kynge Rycharde delyuered two pledges for them for to go sauf and come saufe his two

worthy vncles the duke of Gloucestre and the duke of yorke & these two wente ouer the wa¦ter of grauenynge & abode there as for pledge to the tyme y^t the maryage was done / and that{is} these two dukes of Fraunce were come ayen vnto Grauenynge water. And than two wor¦thy dukes came ouer the water at Grauenyn¦ge & so to Calays with this worthypfull Lady Dame Isabell that was the kynges doughter of Fraunce & with hyr came many worthy lor¦de & eke lady & knyghtes & squyres in the beest araye that myght be & so brought hyr in to the t••wne of Calays· And there she was receyued with all the sole mpnyte & worshyp y^t myght be done vnto suche a lady. And that they brought hyr vnto the kynge. And the kynge toke hyr & welcomed hyr and all hyr fayre company and made there all the solempnyte that myghte be done. ¶And than the kynge & his counseyll as¦ked of the Frensshe lordes whether all the co∣uenauntes & forwardes wyth the composycy∣on that wer ordeyned and made on bothe par∣tyes sholde be truely kepte and holde bytwene theym. And they saye ye / and there they swore and toke theyr charge vpon a boke & made the¦yr othe well & truly it to holde in alle maner of poyntes & couenauntes wythout contradyccy¦on or delay in ony maner wyse. And than was she brought to saynt Nycholas chyrche in Ca∣lays and there she was worthely wedded wyth the moost solempnyte that ony kyng or quene myght be wyth Archebysshops & bysshoppes & all the mynystres of hooly chyrche. And than they were brought too the castell & sette to mete And were serued with all delycasye of ryall me¦tes & drynkes plēteuously to al maner of straū¦gers & a•• other & no creature warned that feest. but all were welcome / for there were grete hal∣les & tentes set vpon the grene wythout the cas¦tell to receyue all manere of people. And euery offyce redy for to serue them all. And thus this worthy maryage was solēply done and ended with all ryalte. And than these two worthy du¦kes of Fraun••e with theyr people token theyr leue of the kynge and of the quene and wente ayen vnto Grauenynge water. And there the Frensshe lordes / that is to saye the twoo dukes and all theyr menye were comen ouer the wa¦ter to Grauenynge & they mette wyth our two dukes / & euery chone toke leue at other and soo they departed / and our lordes camen ayen vn¦to calays / and the Frensshe lordes went ouer the water and soo home in to Fraunce ayen. ¶And anone after the kynge made hym redy with the quene & all his lordes and ladyes and all theyr people with theim and came ouer the see in to Englonde & so vnto London. And the mayer and the shreues wyth alle the aldermen and worthy commens roden ayenst them vnto the blacke he the in to Kent / & there they mette with the kynge & the quene and welcomed the¦ym and that in good araye / and euery men in the clothynge of his craft and theyr mynstrels before them. And so they brought theym vnto saynt Georges barre in South warke & there they token theyr leue. And the kynge & the que¦ne rode to Kenyngton & than the peple of Lon∣don torned home ayen / And in tornynge ayen to London brydge there was soo greate presse of people bothe on hors and on foot that there were deed on the brydge .xi. persones of men & women and children on whos soules al mygh¦ty god haue mercy & pyte. Amen. ¶And than afterwarde the quene was brought to the tow¦re of London / & there she was alle nyght & on the morne she was brought thruge the cyte of London and so forthe vnto westmynster and there she was crowned quene of Englond / & than she was broughte ayen vnto the kynges palays and there was holden open / and ryall feest al hyr coronacyon of all maner peple that ••heder come / and thys was done the sondaye nexte after the feest of saynt Clemente. in. the .xx. yere of kynge Rychardes regne. And than the .xxv. daye of August / next after by veyll ex¦cytacyon and fals counseyll & for grete wrath and malyce that the kyng had of olde tyme vn¦to his vncle the good duke of Gloucestre and to the erle of Arundell to the erle of warwyk. Anone the kynge by his euuyll excytacyon and his euyll counseyll & malyce late in the euenyn¦ge on the same daye aboue sayd made hym re∣dy wyth his strenth & rode into Estsex vnto y^e towne of Chemesforde & soo come to Plasshe sodenly there syr Thomas of wodstok y^e good duke of Gloucestre laye / and the good duke ca¦me to welcome the kynge anone. And the kyn¦ge arested the good duke hymself wyth his ow∣ne body / & so he was ladde downe to the wa•••••• and anone put into a shype and anone had too Calays & brought in to the Capytayns warde ••o be kepte in holde by the kynges commaun∣dement

of Englonde. And y^e tyme therle Mar¦chall was Capytayne of Calays. And anone after by commaundement of the kyng and by his fals counseyl commaunded the capytayne to put hym to deth. ¶And anone certayne yemen that had the good duke in kepynge to∣ke theyr counseyl how that they shold put hym vnto deth. And this was theyr appoyntemen¦te that they sholde comen vppon hym whan he were in his bedde and a slepe on a fetheren bed¦de / and anone they bounde honde and foot and charged hym to lye styll. And whan that they hadde done thus they token twoo smale towel∣les and made on theym two rydynge knottes & caste the towelles about hys necke. And than they tooke the fetheren bedde that laye vnder hym & cast it aboute hym & than they drewe the¦yr to welles eche wayes and some laye vpon y^e fetheren bed vpon hym vnto the tyme that he was dede bycause that he shold make no noys and thus they strangled thys worthy duke vn∣to the deth / vppon whos soule god for his hygh pyte haue mercy. Amen. ¶And whan the kyn∣ge hadde rested thus this worthy duke and his vncle & sente hym to Calays he came ayen to London in all the haste wyth a wonder greate people. And as soone as he was comen he sent for the erle of Aurundell / and for the good erle of warwyk and anone as they came he arested theym hymself. And syr Iohan Cobham and syr Iohn̄ Chyne knyghtes he arested theym in the same. maner tyll he made his parlement. & anone they were put into holde / but the erle of Arundell went att large vnto the parlement ty¦me / for he founde soffycyent suerte / to abyde y^e lawe & to answere to all manere poyntes that the kynge & his counseyll wolde put vpon hym ¶And the .xxi•• yere of kynge Rychardes regne he ordeyned hym a parlement att westmynster the whiche was called the greate parlemente. And this parlement was made for Iuge thys thre worthy lordes and other moo as they lyst at that tyme / And for that Iugement / the kyn∣he lete make in all the hast a lōge hous and a lar¦ge of tȳbre the whiche was called an halle and couered with tyles ouer & it was open all abou¦te on both sydes that all maner of men myght se thrugh out / and there the dome was holden vpon these forsayd lordes and Iugement gyuē at this forsayde parlemente. And for to come vnto this parlement the kynge sent hys wryt¦tes to euery lorde baron knyght & euery squyre in euery shyre thrugh oute Englōde that euery lorde sholde gadre and bringe his retenue with hym in as shorte & in the beste araye that they myghte gete in maintenynge and in the streng¦thyng of the kyng ayenst theym that were hys enemyes / and that this were done in all haste & come to hym in payne of deth. And the kynge hymself sent into Chestreshyre to cheyftayns of that countre / & they gadred & brought a grete and an huge company of people bothe of kny∣ghtes and squyres and prencypally of yomē of Chestreshyre the whyche yemen and archers the kynge tooke to hys owne courte and gaate them bowge of court and good wages to be ke¦pers of his owne body bothe by nyght and by daye aboue all other persones and moste loued and beste truste / the whyche soone afterwarde torned the kynge to grete losse and shame hyn∣drynge and hys vtterly vndoynge and destruc¦cyon as ye shall here afterwarde. And that ty∣me came syr Henry of Derby with a grete me∣nye of armes and archers / and the erle of Rut¦londe came wyth stronge power of people bo∣the of men of mares and archers And the Erle of Kente brought a greate power of men of ar∣mes and archers. the Erle of Marshall came in the same manere. And the lorde Spenser in this same manere. The erle of Northumber∣londe and syr Henry Percy his sone and syre Thomas Percy the erles brother. And all the¦se worthy lordes broughte a fayre menye and a stronge power and eche man in hys beste a∣raye. And the duke of Lancastre and the duke of yorke came in the same maner wyth men of armes and archers folowynge the kynge. And syr Wyllyam strop tresourer of Englond came in the same manere. And thus in thys a∣raye came all the worthy men of this londe vn∣to our kynge and these peple came to London in one daye / in so moche that euery strete and lane in London and in the subarbes were full of them lodged and .x. or .xii. mylle about Lon∣don on euery waye. And these people brought the kynge too westmynster and wente home a∣yen to theyr lodgynge bothe hors and mā / and than on the mondaye the .xii. daye of Septem¦bre the parlemente began att westmynster the whiche was called the grete parlemēt. ¶And on the frydaye nexte after the erle of Arundell was broughte in to the parleamente amonge

all the lordes / and that was on saynte Mathe∣was daye the appostle and euangelyst / there he was for Iuged vnto the dethe in thys halle that was made in the palays at westmynster / And this was his Iugemente / he sholde go on foot wyth hys hondes bounde behynde hym frome the place that he was Iuged in. And so forth thrugh the cyte of London vnto the tou¦re hylle and hys heed to be smyten of and so it was done in dede in the same place .vi. of the grettest lordes that sate on his Iugemente ro∣den wyth hym vnto y^e place there he was done to dethe / and so to se that the excucyon were do¦ne after the dome. And by the kynges cōmaun¦demente / wyth them wente on foot men of ar¦mes and archers a grete multytude of Chestre¦shyre men in strenthynge of the lordes y^t brou∣ghte thys erle to hys dethe / for they dredde leste terle sholde be rescowed and taken from them whan they come in to London. Thus he pas∣sed forthe the Cytye vnto his dethe. And there he tooke it full pacyenly / on whoos soule god haue mercy / Amen. ¶And than come the fre∣re. Austyns and tooke vp the body and the he∣de of this good Erle and bare it home to theyr place and buryed hym in theyr quyre. And in the morne after was syr Rycharde erle of war¦wyk brought in to the parlemente there as the erle of Arundell was for / Iuged / and they gaf the erle of warwyk the same Iugement that y^e for sayd erle had / but the lordes had compassy∣on of hym by cause he was of more getoer age and released hym in to perpetuall pryson / and put hym in to the ylonde of Man. And thenne on the mondaye nexte after / the lord Iohanne Cobham of Kent / & syr Iohan Cheyn knygh∣tes were also brought in to the same parlemen¦te in the same halle / and there they were for Iu¦ged for to be hanged and drawen / but thrugh the prayers and grete Instaunce of all the lor∣des that Iugement was foryeuen to them and released in to perpetuall pryson. ¶And in this same yere was Rycharde wyttyngdon mayer of London / and Iohan wodecoke & wyllyam Askam shreues of London. ¶And they ordey¦ned at euery yate of London durynge thys sa∣me parlemēt stronge wache of men of armes and archers and thrughout euery warde also And the kynge made .v. dukes & one markeys and foure erles / and the fyrst of them was the erle of Derby & he was made duke of Herforde And the seconde also was the erle of Rutlonde and he was made duke of Awemarle. And the therde was the erle of Kent & he was made du∣ke of Surre. And the fourth was y^e erle of Hū∣tyngdon and he was made duke of Excestre / And the fyft was the erle of Notyngham & he was made duke of Northfolke. And the erle of Somerset he was made markeys of Dorseet· And y^e lorde Spenser was made Erle of Glou¦cestre / And the lorde Leuyll of Raby was ma∣de erle of westmer londe And syr Thomas per¦cy was made erle of worcestre. And syr wylly∣am scrope that was tresourer of Englōd was made erle of wylteshyre· And syr Iohn̄ Mon∣tagu erle of Salysbury. And whan the kynge had thus done he helde the parlemet and ryall feest vnto all his lordes and to all maner peo∣ple that thyder wolde come. ¶And this same yere deyed syr Iohn̄ of Gaūt the kynges vncle and duke of Lancastre in the bysshops Inne in Holborne. and was brought fro thens to sa¦ynt Poule & there the kynge made & helde hys enterement well and worthely with all his lor¦des in the chyche of saynt Poule in London / and there he was buryed besyde dame B••un¦ce his wyf y^t was doughter & heyre vnto y^e good Henry that was duke of Lancastre. In y^e same yere there fell a dyscencyon bytwne the duke of Herforde & y^e duke of Norfolk in so moshe that they waged batayl & castē downe theyr gloues & than they were take vp & ensealed & y^e batayll Ioyned & y^e daye set & y^e place assygned where & whan & this sholde be at Couentre. ¶And thy∣der come y^e kynge with all his lordes att y^t daye & was sette in y^e felde & than these two worthy lordes came into y^e felde well and clene armed & well arayed with al theyr wepen & redy to do¦ne theyr batayll and were redy in y^e place for to fyght at vtteraunce But y^e kynge bad thē cesse & toke the quarel in to his hond And forth with ryght there present exyled the duke of Herford for terme of .x. yere and the duke of Northfolke for euermore. And syr Thomas of Arundell Archebysshop of Caunterbury was exyled the same tyme for euer & deposed out of hys see for malyce of the kyng / & anone these thre worthy lordes were cōmaunded & defended the kyng{is} reame. And anone they gate theym shyppes at dyuerse hauēs and wente ouer see into dyuerse londes eche his waye. And y^e duke of Northfol¦ke wente to Venece & there he deyed on whos

soule god hauē mercy. Amen. ¶And than kyn¦ge rychard made a clerke of his syr Roger wal¦den Archebysshop of Caunterbury. ¶And in the .xxii. yere of kyng Rycharbes regne by fals coūseyll ymagynacyon of coueytous men that were about hym were made & ordeyned blan∣ke chertres and made theym to be enseled of all maner ryche men thrughout the reame. In so moche that they cōpelled dyuerse people to set∣te theyr seases therto· ¶And thys was done for grete couetyse wherfore all good hertes of the reame were clene torned away fro the kyn∣ge for euer after. And that was vtterly his dys∣truccyon & ende to hym that was so hygh and so excellente prince and kynge & thrugh coueto¦us & fals counseyll falsly betrayed. Alas for py¦te that suche a kyng myght not se. ¶And than kynge Rycharde sette his kyngdome & hys ry∣all londe of Englonde to ferme vnto foure per¦sones / the whiche were these. Syre wyllyam strop erle of wyltshyre and tresourer of Eng∣londe / and syr Iohan Busshe / & Henry greue / and syr Iohan Bagot knyghtes that whiche / torned theym to myscheyf and dethe wythin a lytell tyme as ye shalle fynde here afterwarde wryten. ¶And than kynge Rycharde made grete ordynaunce & wente hymselfe ouer see in to Irlond & many grete lordes with hym wyth a grete hoste for to strenth theyr kyng wyth mē of armes archers & moche grete stuffe & ryght good ordynaunce as longed vnto warre. And or he passed ouer see he ordeyned & made syr Ed¦mōde of Langley his vncle the duke of yorke / hys lyueteaunte of Englonde in hys absence with the gouernaūce & counseyll of these foure knyghtes that had taken Englond to ferme of the kynge. And than he passed the see and ca∣me into Irlonde and there he was wel and wor¦thely receyued. And these rebelles that ben cal∣led wylde Irysshmen came downe to the kyn∣ge and yolde them to hym both body & goodes all at his owne wyll / and swore vnto hym to be his lyege men / and there dyde to hym homage and feaute and good seruyse & thus he conque∣red the moost parte of Irlonde in alytyll tyme ¶And whyle that kynge Rycharde was thus in Irlonde / syr Henry of Bolyngbroke erle of Derby that the kyng had made before duke of Herforde / the whyche duke the kynge had exy∣led out of this londe was comen ayen into En¦londe for to chalenge the dukedome of Lancas¦ter as for his ryght & trew herytage / & he came downe out of Fraunce by londe vnto Calays And thē met hym syr Thomas of Arūdell that was Archebysshop of Caunterbury that was exyled out of Englōde. and with hym came the erle of Arūdell his sone & heyre the whiche was in kepyng of syr Iohn̄ shelly knyght somtyme with the erle of Hūtindon and with the duke of Excestre the whyche was tho in the castell of Reygate in Soutsex / and there he stale hym a waye and came to Calays and there he was ke¦ped well & worthely tyll these other two lordes were comen / to Calays. ¶And than this wor∣thy duke & syr Thomas of Arundell Archebys¦shop of Caunterbury shypped in the hauen of Calais and drewe theyr cours norwarde and a¦ryued in yorke shyre at Rauensporne faste by wydlyngton / and there came and en••red fyrste the londe and two lordes with hym and theyr nauye. And so than moche people of the reame that whan they herde of his comynge and kne¦wen where that he was and anone they dre∣wen vnto hym and welcomed these lordes and soo gaaf theym courage in all manere thynge and so passed forthe into the londe and gadred moche people to them. ¶And whan kyng Ry∣charde hede and wyste that these twoo lordes were comen ayen in to Englond & also were lō¦ded / Than the kynge lefte his ordynaunce in Irlonde and come into Englond warde in all the haste that he myght and come the castell of Flynte and there he abode to take his counseyl and what myghte he done. But to hym come none. And thanne syr Thomas Percy erle of worchestre that was the kynges stewarde wist and knewe all this / anone he came into the hal¦le amonges all the people / & he brake the yerde of the ryall kynges housholde / and anone eue∣ry man was dysparple and wente hys waye & forsoke theyr mayster and souerayne lord and lefte hym allone. And thus Kynge Rycharde broughte downe & destroyed and stode hymself allone wythout comforth or socoure or yf ony good counseyll of ony mā / alas for pyte of this ryall kynge. And anone came worde that syre Henry of Bolyngbroke was vp with a stron∣ge powre of people and that all the squyres of Englonde reyson vp the shyres in strenthyn∣ge of hym ayenst kyng Rycharde. ¶And thus sone he was come out of the North countre to Brystowe and there he met with syr wyllyam

S••rope erle of wyltshyre & tresourer of Eng∣londe & with syr Iohn̄ Busshe and syr Henry grene and Iohn̄ Bagot but he escaped frome theym and wente ouer see in to Irlonde / & the sethre knyghtes were taken & theyr hedes smy¦tē of & thus they dyed theyr for fals couetoyse. ¶And than was kynge Rycharde taken and brought vnto y^e duke / and anone the duke put hym in fast warde and stronge holde vnto hys cominge to London. And than was there a ru¦more in London and a stronge noyse that kyn¦ge Rycharde came to westmynster / and the pe¦ple of London ranne thyder and wolde haue done moche harme and hurte in there wood∣nesse had not the myyer and the alder men and other worthy mē cessed them wt fayr wordes and torned theym home agayne vnto Lōdon And there was Syr Iohan Slacke dene of y^e kynges chapell of westmynster taken & brou∣ghte to London / and put in pryson in Ludga∣te. And Iohan Bagot was taken in Irlonde and so brought to London and put in pryson in Newgate there to be kepte and abyde hys answere. ¶And soone after the duke brought kynge Rycharde pryuely vnto London and put hym in the toure vnder sure kepynge as a prysoner. And than came the lordes of the rea¦me with all theyr counseyll vnto the Toure to kynge Rycharde and sayd to hym of his mys∣gouernaun••e and extorcyon that he hadde do¦ne made and ordeyned to opresse all the comy∣ne peple and also to all the reame. wherfore all the comyne people of the reame wolde hym ha¦ue deposed of all his kyngdom· And so he was deposed at that tyme in the Toure of London by all his lordes counseyll and comune assent of alle the reame / And than he was put frome the Toure vnto the castell of Ledes in Kente & ther he was kepte a whyle And thanne he was had frome thens vnto the castell of Pounfret in the North countree to be kepte in pryson / & ryght soone after there made his ende. ¶And than whan kinge Rycharde was deposed and had resygned his crowne and his kyngdom & was kept fast in holde / than all the lordes of y^e reame with y^e comyns assent & by accorde cho¦sen this worthy lord syr Henry of Bolyngbro¦ke erle of Derby duk of Herforde & duke of Lā¦castre by ryght lyne herytage & for hys ryght¦full manhode that the people foūde in hym be∣fore alle other they chose hym and made hym kynge of Englande amōnges theym.

INnocencyus the .vii. was chosen at ro¦me and lyued but two yere & than Gre∣gory .xii. was after hym .xii. and euer was de∣bate. Than was Alexander chosen in the coū¦seyll of Pysan and he was called fyrste Petr{us} de Candyda and so was put stryf to stryf eue∣rychone of those thre sayd he was pope. Than was there a counseyl at Pysan where they be¦gan to make a cūcorde and there they deposed the two and thyrde stode and so was worse de∣uysyon made than before. For that they ordey¦ned preuayled not. ¶Robert was Emperour after wenselaus .i••. yere / thys man was duke of Bauary and Erle of Palatyn a Iuste man and a good / and was crowned of Bone face the .ix. This man entrde ytaly wyth a greate hoost of. Almayns ayenste Iohan the duke of Galyas / but with an heuy hoowe he torned a¦yen and was had de worthy to suffre for his ry∣ghtwysnes. ¶Iohan the .xxiii. succeded Alex∣ander .iiii. yere and fyrste he began well for an vnyte / and he was in the counseylle a••te Con¦stantis and offred hym to resygne the popeho¦de. and after secretly and worthely he feldde a∣waye but it profyted hym notte for he was ta∣ken and constreyned to peas and was made a Cardynall and buryed atte Florens. ¶Sy¦gysmundus was Emperoure after Roberte .xxvii. yere / and he was sone too Karolus and kynge of Vngarye and moost crysten prynce. And was soo deuoute to god that he deserued to be canonysed. This man holpe the chyrche thrughe hys merueylous prudence and wytte / for he spared no laboure ne no thyynge that he hadde tyll he hadde made a ful peas amonge y^e clergy. ¶And he hadde .ix. Batayls ayenst the Turke. And euer he had the vyctorye / and what more alle thynge that euer was wrytē in louynge to Constantyne Theodosio Karolo Otto maye truely be wryten of hym. And he was crowned in Vngarye and decessed a bles∣sed man.

¶Circa Annū dm̄ .M.CCCC.vii. ¶Of syr Henry of Bolynbroke Erle of Derby that regned after Kynge Ry¦charde / whiche was the fourthe Henry after the conquest.

ANd after Kynge Rycharde the seconde was deposed and out of hys kyngdom the lordes and the comynes all wyth one assen¦te

and all other worthy of the reame chosen Hē¦ry of Bolyngebroke Erle of Derby sone and heyre of Iohan the duke of Lancastre for his worthy manhode that ofte tyme had be founde in hym and in dedes preued. vppon Saynt Ed¦wardes daye the confessour he was crowned kynge of Englonde at westmynster by assente of alle the reame nexte after the deposynge of kange Rycharde. Than he made Henry his eldest sone prynce of wales and duke of Corne¦wayle & erle of Chest••e. And he made syr Tho¦mas of Arūdell Archebysshop of Caunterbury ayen as he was before. And syr Roger walden that kynge Rychard had made Archebysshop of Caunterbury be made bysshop of London for that tyme it stode voyde. And he made the Erles sone of Arundell that came wyth hym ouer the see frome Calays in to Englonde. He made hym erle of Arundell as his fader had bē and put hym in possessyon of all his londes. and he made homage and feaute vnto his liege lorde the kynge as all other lordes hadde don. ¶And than anone deyed kynge Rycharde in the castell of Poūfret in North countre / for the¦re he was enfamed vnto deth by hys keper / for he was kept there .iiii. or .v. dayes frome meete or drynke / & so he made his ende in thys world yet moche people in Englonde and in other lon¦des sayde he was alyue many a yere after hys deth. But whether he was alyue or dede y^e peo∣ple helde theyr fals opynyon & byleue that ma∣ny had & moch people came to grete myscheyf & foule deth as ye shall here aftewarde. ¶And whan kyng Henry wyst & knewe verely that he was dede he lete sere hym in the best manere & closed it in a fayre chest wyth dyuerse spyces & bawmes and closed hym in a lynny•• cloth al sa¦uf his vysage and that was left opē that al mē myghtse his persone from all other men. And so he was brought to london with torche lyght brēnynge to Saynt Poules chyrche & there he had his masse and dyryge with moche reuerēce & solempnyte of seruyce. And whā all this was done than he was brought from Saynt Poule into the abbay of westminster & ther he had his hole seruyce ayē. And fro westmynster he was brought to Langley and there he was buryed vpon whoos soule god haue mercy. Amen. ¶And in the fyrst yere of kynge Henryes reg¦ne he helde his Crystmasse in the castel of wyn¦desore. And oon the .xii. euen came the duke of Awemarle vnto y^e kynge & tolde hym that he & the duke of Surri and the duke of Ex••estre and the erle of Salysbury and & erle of Gloucestre and other moo of theyr affynyte werre accorded to make a mommynge vnto the kynge on .xii. daye att nyght / & there they purposed ••ee th•• kynge in the reuelynge. And thus he the duke of Awemarle warned the kyng And whan the kynge came y^e same nyght to Londō preuely ne all y^e hast that he myght to gete hym helpe socou¦re and comforth and coūseyll / And anone these other that wolde haue put the kynge to dethe fledde in all the haste that they myght / for they knewe well that theyr counseyll was bewray∣ed. And than fled the duke of Surrey and the Erle of Salesbury with all theyr menye vnto the towne of Cycestre. And there the people o•• the towne wodle haue arested them And they wolde not stande to theyr arestynge but stode at defence & faught manly But at the last they were ouercomen & taken. And there they ••mo¦te of the dukes heed of Surrey and the Erles heed of Salybury & many other moo & these they put theyr quarters in to sackes & theyr he¦des on poles borne on hyghe and so they were brought thrugh he cyte of London to London brydge and there these hedes were sette vpō ••••¦ghe / and ther quarters were sent vnto other go¦de townes & Cytees of Englonde and sette vp there. ¶At Oxforde was taken Blon••e kny¦ghte and benet Cely knyght / & Thomas wy••¦tersell squyre & y^e there by heded and quartred and the knyghtes hedes were set vppon pooles and brought to London and sette vppon Lon∣don brydge. and the quartres sent forth to other good townes. ¶And in the same yere a•• Prye¦tell well in a mylle in Estser there syr Iohn̄ Ho∣londe the duke of Excestre was taken wyth the comynes of the coūtree / and they brought hym from the mylle to the Plasshe & to the same pla¦ce that kynge Rycharde hadde restyd syr Tho¦mas of wodstok y^e duke of Gloucestre & ryght there in the same place they smote of the dukes heed of Excestre and brought it vnto London vppon a poole and it was sette vpon London brydge. ¶And in the same yere at Brystowe was taken the lorde Spenser y^e kynge Rychar∣de had made erle of Gloucestre / & the comyns of the towne of Brystowe toke hym and brou∣ghte hym into the market place of the towne & there they smote of his heed & sente it vnto Lon¦don

/ and ther it was set vnto London bryd∣ge. ¶And in this same yere was syr Bernard brokeyns knyght taken and arested and put in the Tour of London & syr Iohn̄ shelly knyght and syr Iohn̄ Mawdelyn and Syr wyllyam Feryb•• ••ersones of kyng Rychardes and they were arested and put in to the Toure of Lon∣don / And thyder came the kynges Iustices & satte vpon theym in the Tour of London and there they were dampned all foure vnto the de¦the. and the dome was gyuen vnto Syr Ber∣narde Brokeys that he shold go on foot from the Toure thrugh the Cytee of London vnto Tyburne and there to be hāged and after hys heed smyten of / and syr Iohan Shelly knyght and syr Iohan Mawdelyn and syr wyllyam Fery••e persones were drawē thrugh out y^e cy∣te of Lōdon to Tyburne & there they were han¦ged and theyr hedes smyten of and set on Lon¦don brydge. And in this same yere kynge Hen¦ry sente quene Isabell home ayen in to Fraun¦ce the whiche was kynge Rycharder wyf and gaaf hyr golde & syluer & many other Ieweles and soo she was dyscharged of all hyr power sent out of Englond. And in the seconde yere of kynge Henry the fourth was syr Roger Cla¦ryngton knyghte and two of his men and the pryoure of Launde and ·viii. freres mynors & some maysters of dyuynyte and other for trea¦son that they wrought ayenst the kynge were drawen & hāged at Tyburne all .xii. persones And there began a greate dyscencyon and de∣bate in the countre of wales bytwene the lor∣de Grey rythen and Owen of Glendere squy¦re of wales & this Owen arered a greate nom¦bre of walsshmen & kepe all that coūcre about ryghte strongly & dyde moche harme and dys∣troyed y^e kynges townes & lordshyppes thru∣ghe out all wales and robbed & slewe the kyn∣ges people both / Englysshe and walesshe and thus he endured a .xii. yere largely. And he to∣ke the lorde Grey rythen prysoner and kepte hym fast in holde tyll he was raunsoned of pry¦soners of the marche and kepte hym longe ty∣me in holde. And at the laste he made hym wed¦de one of his doughters & kepte hym styll with his wyf and soone after he deyed. ¶And than kyng Henry knowynge this mischeyf destruc¦cyon and treason y^e this Owen had wrought And anone he ordeyned a strong power of mē of armes & archers & moche other stuffe y^e lon¦ged to warre for to abate and dystroye the ma¦lyce of this fals walsshe man. And than y^e kyn∣ge came in to wales with his power for to dys∣trye this Owen & other rebelles fals walsshe∣men. And anone they fled in to the Montayns and there myght the kynge do them no harme in no maner wyse for the montayns / & so the kynge came ayen in to Englond for lesynge of moche of his peple / & thus he spedde not there. ¶In this same yere was grete scarsyte of whe¦te in Englonde for a quarter of whete was at .xvi. shellynge. And there was marchaundyse of Englonde sent in to Prure for whete / & ano¦ne they hadde lade & fraughtshypoes Inough and came home in saufte thanked be god of all his gyftes. ¶And in the .iii. yere of kynge Hen¦ryes regne there was a sterre seen in y^e fyrma∣ment that shewed hym self thrugh all the worl∣de for dyuerse tookens that sholde befall soone after / the whiche sterre was named by clergy•• Stella cometa / and on saynt Mary Mawdele¦nes daye next folowynge in y^e same yere / was the bataylle of Shrowesbury. And thyder ca¦me syr Henry Percy the erles sone of Northū¦berlonde wyth a grete multytude of men of ar∣mes and archers and gaaf a batayll to Kynge Henry the fourth thrugh the fals and wycked counseyll of syr Thomas Percy his vncle er∣le of worchestre / and there was syr Henry Per¦cy slayne & the moost parte of hys people in the flede / and syr Thomas Percy taken and kept faste in holde twoo dayes tyll the kynge had set¦te in reste hys people on bothe sydes. And than syr Thomas Percy was Iuged to the deth to be drawen and hanged and hys heed smyten of for his fals treason atte Shrowesbury and his heed brought to london and sete on london brid¦ge. ¶And the other people that there was slaine oon bothe parties the kynge lette bu¦rye. ¶And there were slayne on the kynges syde in that batayll the Erle of Stafforde and syr walter Blunte in the kynges cote armur vnder the kynges baner and many moo wor∣thy men vpon whoos sowle god haue mercy. Amen. ¶And in the fourthe yere of kynge Henryes regne came the Emperouer of Con∣stantynople with many gretee solaes and kny∣ghtes and moche other people of his countree in to Englonde to kynge Henry wyth hym to speke and to dysporte and to se the good gouer¦naunce & condycions of our peple & to knowe

the cōmydytees of Englonde. And our kyngē with al his lordes goodly and worshypfully re¦ceyued and welcomed hym and alle his menye that came with hym and dyde hym all the wor¦shyppe that they coude and myghte. And ano¦ne the kynge commaunded all maner offycers that he sholde be serued as worthely and ryally as it lōged to suche a worthy lorde. And Empe¦roure on his owne coste as longe as the Empe¦roure was in Englonde and all hys men that came with hym. ¶And in this same yere camen dame Iane the duches of Brytayne into Englonde and londed atte fal∣lemouthe in Cornewayle / And frome thens she was broughte to the Cytee of wynchestre and there she was wedded vnto kynge Henry the fourth in the abbaye of saynt Swythynes of wynchestre wyth all y^e solempnyte y^t myght be done & made. And sone afterwarde she was brought from thens to London. And the may¦er and the aldermē with the comunes of the cy¦te of London rode ayenst hyr & welcomed hyr and brought hyr thrugh the cyte of London to westminster & there she was crowned quene of Englōde & there the kynge made a ryall and so¦lempne feest for hyr and for al maner of men y^e thyder wold come. And in this same yere dame Blaūche the eldest doughter of kyng Henry y^e fourth was sent ouer see with y^e erle of Somer¦set hyr vncle & with mayster Rychard Clyffor¦de than bysshop of worcestre and with many o¦ther lordes knyghtes ladyes & worthy squyres as longed to suche a kȳges doughter and came into Colayn. And thyder came the dukes sone of Barre with a fayre menye and receiued this worthy laby and the bysshop of worcestre wed¦ded & sacred theym togyder as holy chyrche it wold. And there was made a ryall feest & a gre∣te Iustynge in the reuerence of worshyp of thē & all people y^e thyder came whan this maryage and feest was done the erle & the bysshop and al theyr menye toke theyr leue of the lorde & the la¦dy & came home ayen into Englond in saufte thanked god. ¶And in the .v. yere of kyng Hē∣ryes regne the lorde Thomas hys sone wente ouer see & the erle of Kent & many other lordes and knyghtes wyth mē of armes and archers a greate nōbre to chastyse y^e rebelles that afore had done moche harme to oure Englysshmen & marchauntes / & to many townes & portes in Englonde on the see costes. And the lord Tho¦mas the kynges sone came into Flaundres be¦fore a towne that is called / Scluse amonge all y^e shyppes of dyuers nacyons that were there / & after there they rodē with theyr shyppes amō¦ge them and wēt on londe & sported them there two dayes & came ayen to theyr shyppes & toke the brode see & there they mette wyth thre Ca∣rackes of Iene that were laden wyth dyuerse marchaūdyse & wel māned. & they fought togy¦der longe tyme but the Englysshmen had the vyctory & brought the Carackes into the Cam¦bre before wynchelse & there they cun••ed these goodes / & one of these Carackes was sodaynly brente there. And the lordes and theyr people torned theym home ayen and went no further at that tyme. ¶And the same tyme Serle yo¦man of kynge Rychardes robbes came in to Englonde out of Scotlonde & tolde to dyuerse people that kynge Rycharde was on lyue in Scotlōde & so moche people byleued in his wor¦des wherfore a grete parte of y^e people of the re¦ame were in grete errour & grutchynge ayēste the kynge thrugh informacyō of lyes and fals lesynges that this· Serle had made. For moch people trusted & byleued in his sauynge. But at the laste he was taken in the Northe countree & ther by law Iuged to be drawen thrugh euery cyte & good brugh townes in Englond & so he was serued & at the last he was brought to lon∣don vnto the gylde halle before the Iustyce and there he was Iuged for to be brought to y^e tou∣re of. london and there to be layd on an hurdell and than to be drawen thrugh the cyte of Lon¦don to Tyburne & there to be hanged & thanne quartred and his heed smytē of and set on Lon¦don brydge & hys quartres to be sent to four go¦de townes of Englonde & there sette vp & thus ended he for hys treason and decessed. ¶And in the .vi. yere of kyng Henryes regne y^e fourth the erle of Marre of Scotlonde by cause con¦duyt come into Englonde to chalenge syr Ed∣monde erle of Kent to certayne courses of war¦re on horsbacke. And so this chalenge was ac¦cepted & graūted and the place taken in smyth¦felde at london. and this erle of Marre y^e Scot came proudly into the felde as hys chalenge as¦ked. & anone came the erle of Kent & rode vnto the scot & manly rode togyder wyth sharpe sp••¦res dyuerses courses / but the erle of Kent had y^e felde & gate hym moche worshyp and thanke of all maner men of his manful dedes. ¶And

in the .vii. yere of kyng Henryes regne y^e four the syr Rycharde Scrop Archebysshop of yor¦ke and the Erle Marchall of Englonde gadre¦de vnto theym a stronge power ayenst kynge Henry. And the kynge herynge ther of in all y^e hast y^t he myghty came with his power North¦warde and mette with them at yorke / and the¦re were these two Lordes taken and broughte to the kynge. ¶And anone the Iuges were set¦te and these two lordes brought forth and the∣re they were dampned vnto deth and both the¦yr heedes smyten of and there they made an en∣de on whos soules god for his pyte haue mercy Amen. ¶And whan this was done the kynge came to London ayen and there rested hym· Anone god of his greate goodnesse wrought. & shewed many grete myracles for thes worthy clerke Archebysshop of yorke that thus was do¦ne to deth. ¶And in the .vii. yere of kyng Hen¦ryes regne dame Luce the dukes syster of Me∣layne came in to Englonde & soo to London & there was wedded to syr Edmonde erle of Ken¦te in y^e pryory of saynt Marye oueres in south warke wyth moche solempnyte & greate wor∣shyp / The kynge was there▪ hymself & gafhyr at the chirche dore & whan that they were wed¦ded & masse was done the kynge his owne per¦son brought & ladde this worthy lady in to the bysshops place of wynchestre and there was a wonder grate feest hold on to all maner of pe∣ple that wolde come. And the same yere syr Ro¦bert Knolles knyʒt a worthy warryour deyed at his maner in Northfolk and from thens he was brought to London on a hors bere wyth moche torche lyght & so he was brought vnto the whyte freres in Fletstrete & there was do & made for hym a solempne feest & a ryall entere¦ment for tho that thyder wolde come / both ry∣che & poore & there lyeth buryed by dame Con∣stance his wyf in the mydde of the body of the chyrche on whoos soule god for his pyte haue mercy / Amen. ¶And thus in this same yere syr Thomas Rampston knyght & Constable of the Tour of London was drenched at Lon¦don brydge as he came fro westmyger In war¦des to the Tour in a barge & all thrugh lewde¦nesse. And in the same yere dame Phylyp the yonger doughter of kynge Henry was ladde ouer see with syr Rycharde the dukes brother of yolke and syr Edmond Courteney bysshop of Norwiche & many other lordes kynghtes & squyres ladyes & gentyl women that appartey¦ned to suche a kynges dougher and came in to Denmake / and the kynge receyued thys wor∣thy lady for his wyf / & welcomed these worthy lordes & dyd vnto theym moche worshyp / and they were brought vnto a towne that was cal¦led London in Denmarke / & there was this la¦dy wedded and sacred to the kyng of Denmar¦ke Norway and Swythen & there was crow∣ned quene of Denmarke wyth moche solemp∣nyte & there was made a ryall feest. And whan thys feest and maryage was done and ended these lordes and ladyes tooke theyr leue of the kynge and the quene and came ayen in to En∣londe in saufte thanked be god. ¶And in the .viii. yere of kynge Henrys regne there was a man that was calld the walsshe clerke / & he a¦pelyd a kynght that was called syr Percyuale Snowdone of treason / & there they were Ioy¦ned to fyght vnto y^e vtteraūce wyth in / Lystes & the daye and place & tyme assygned & lymyt∣ted to be done & ended in smythfelde / at y^e why¦che daye tho two persons came in to the felde and foughten sore & myghtely togoder / but at the laste the knyght ouer come the clerke & ma∣de hym yelde hym as recreaunt of his fals enpe¦chement that he had sayd on hym / & than was he dyspoyled of his armure & drawen oute of y^e felde to Tybu••ne & there he was hangyed and the knyght taken to grace & was a good man. / ¶And in the same yere the Erle of Northum∣berlonde and the lorde Bardolfe came out of Scotlonde in preiudyce and dystruccyō of kyn¦ge Henry / wherfore they of the Northe coun∣tree aroson vpō theym and foughte with them and scomfyted them and tooke theym & smote of theyr hedes and quartred theyr bodyes and sente the hede of the erle & a quarter of the lorde Bardolfe to London and there they were sets vpō London brydge for fals treason that they had purposed ayenst the kynge. ¶And in the ix. yere of kynge Henryes regne was syre Ed¦monde Holonde Erle of Kente made Amerall of Englonde for to kepe the see / and he wente to the see wyth many ryall shyppes that were full well arayed and enparelled and enarmed wyth many a good man of armes and arches and of good defence of warre in the kynges na¦me of Englonde / and soo he londed at the laste in the coste of Brytayne in the yle of Bryak with alle his folke / and he besyeged the castell

and assaūted it & they withstode hym wyth gre¦te defence & strenth. And anone he layd his or∣dynaunce & in the lyenge of a gōne there come a quarell & smote the good erle Edmonde in y^e heed & there he caught his deed woūde / but yet they lefte not tylle that they hadde goten the cas¦tell and alle that were therin. ¶And there this good Lorde deyed on whoos soule god ha¦ue mercy. Amen. ¶And than this menye ca¦me home ayen into Englonde with the Erles body and was buryed amonges hys aūcestres ryght worthely. ¶And in the same yere was a grete frost in Englond that dured .xv. wekes. longe. ¶And in the .x. yere of kynge Henryes regne the fourthe came the Soneschall of He¦naude with other menye in Englonde to seke auentures and to gete hym worshyp in dedes of armes bothe on horsback and on foot att all maner poyntes of war••e. ¶And the seneschal chalenged the erle of Somerset and the erle de∣lyuered hym full manfully of all his chalenges and put his aduersary vnto the worst in all po¦yntes and wāne hym there grete worshyp and the degre of the felde. And on the next day after came into the felde an other man of armes of Seneschals partye. And ayenst hym came syr Rycharde of Arundell knyght / & the Henaude had the better of hym on foot in on poynte for he brought hym on his knees. And on the thyr¦de daye come in an other man of armer in to the felde / and ayenst hym trere came. syr Iohn̄ Corne waylle knyghte / and manly and kny∣ghtly he quyte hym in all manes poyntes ayen¦ste his aduersary and had the better in the felde And on the fourth daye came a nother man of armes of Henaude in to the felde / and ayenste hym came syr Iohn̄ Chaynes sone and manly quyte hym ayenste his aduersary. For he caste hors and man into the felde / and the kyng for his manhode at that tyme dubbed hym knyght And on the fyfte day there came an other man of armes of the Henaudes partye into the fel∣de / and to hym came in Syr Iohan stewarde knyght / and manfully he quyt hym in all ma∣ner poyntes & had the better. And on the syxte daye after came an other Henaunde / and to hym came Wyllyam porter squyre and man∣fully he quyte hym and had the better in y^e fel∣de / and the kynge dubbed hym knyght that sa∣me tyme. And on the seuenthe day after came an other man of armes of Henaude in to the fel¦de & to hym came Iohan standisshe squyre and manfully he quyte hym on his aduersarye and had the better of hym in the felde and there the kynge dubbyd hym knyghte that same daye / And on the same daye came an other man of ar¦mes of Henaude / and to hym came a squyre of Gascoyne / and proudely and manly he quyte hym of hys aduersary & had the better of hym in the felde / and anone the kynge dubbed hym knyght. ¶And on the .viii. daye came into the felde two other men of armes of Henaude and wyth them mette two souldyours of Ca∣lays the whiche were two bretheren that were called Burghes / & they well and manly quyte them selfe vpon theyr aduersaryes and haddē the better of theym in the felde. and thus ended these chalenges wyth many grete lordshyppes And thenne the kynge att the reuerēce of these worthy straungers made a greate feest & gaafe vnto theym many grete and ryche gyftes and thenne they toke theyr leue and went home ayē into theyr owne countree. ¶And in the .xi. ye¦re of kynge Henryes regne the fourthe there was a grete batayl doo in smythfelde bytwene two squyres / that one was called Gloucestre that was the parlement. And Arthur was the defendaunte / and well & manly they foughten togyder longe tyme / & the kyng for theyr man∣fulnesse and of his grace toke theyr quarel into his honde and made theym to go out of the fel∣de at ones & so they were deuyded of the batayl and y^e kynge gaf them grace. ¶And in the .xii. yere of kynge Henryes regne the fourth. Rys∣dye a squyre of wales that was arybelle a ryse•• & supporter to Omē of Glendre y^t dyde moche dystruccyon to the people of wales was taken and brought to London & there he came afore the Iustices and was dampned for his treson / and than he was layd on an hurdell & soo dra∣wen to Tyburne thrugh the cyte and there he was hanged and lete downe ayē & his heed smi¦tē of and the body quartred & sente vnto foure townes and his hede sete on London brydge. ¶And in the .xiii. yere of kynge Henryes reg∣ne tho deyed syre Iohan Beauforde erle of So¦mersette. that was Capytayne of Calays and was buryed at the abbaye of the Tour hyll on whos soule god haue mercy Amen. And in the same yere the lorde Thomas kynge Henryes sone wedded the Countesse / of Somersette. ¶And in this same yere cam y^e embassatours

of Fraunce in to Englonde frome the duke of Burgoyne vnto the prynce of Englonde kyn∣ge Henryes sone & heyre for to haue helpe and socour of men of armes and archers ayenst y^e duke of Orlyaunce. And tho went ouer see the erle of Arundell. syr Gylbert Vmfreuyll erle of Keme / and the lorde Cobham syr Iohn̄ Ol¦decastelle and many other god knyghtes and worthy squyres & men of armes and good ar∣chers in to Fraunce and came to Parys to the duke of Burgoyn And there he receyued & wele¦comed these Englysshmen y^e lordes & all other meny. And than it was done hym to wete that the duke of Orlyan̄ce was comen to Semttlo¦we fast by Parys wyth a grete nōbre of armes and arbalasters / & thyder went our Englyssh¦men & foughte wyth them & gate the brydge of Sem••clowe & there they slewe moch•• people of Frensshmen & arbalasters & the remenaunte fledde & wolde not lenger abyde. And than our Englysshmē came ayen to Parys & there they toke theyr leue of the duke and came ayen in to Englonde in saufte and the duke gaafe them grete gyftes / & anone folowynge y^e duke of Orlyaunce sent enbassatours in Englond to kynge Henry the fourth bese chynge hym of hys helpe & socure / ayenst hys dedely enmye y^e duke of Burgoyn. And than the kynge made Thomas hys sone duke of Clarence. And hys other sone Iohn̄ duke of Bedforde / and hys o¦ther sone Humfrey duke of Gloucestre & Syr Thomas Beauferd erle of Dorset & the duke of Awe marle he made duke of yorke. And thā the kynge ordeyned his sone syr Thomas the duke of Clarence Thomas Beauforde erle of Dorset & syr Iohn̄ cornwyll with many other lordes knyghtes & squyres and men of armes archers for to go ouer see ī to Fraūce in helpyn¦ge and strengthynge of the duke of Orlyaū∣ce. And these whothy lordes with ther retenue shypped att Hampton & saylled ouer the see in to Normandye & londed at Hogges. And the∣re mette with theym the lorde Hambe at theyr londynge wyth .vii. thousande men of armes of Frensshmen & thre Serge auntes of armes with them and all were put to flyght & taken of theym ·vii. hondred men of armes and .iiii. hondred horses with out tho that were slayne in the felde. And so they rode forth thrugh out all Fraūce and token castels and townes and slewe moche peple of frensshmen that with sto¦de them & toke many prysoneere as they roden And so they passed forth tyll they came to Bur¦deux & there they rested theim a whyle & set the coūtre in peas & reste tyll the wynde was redy for to sayll. ¶And than the duke with his me∣nye come home in to Englonde in saufte than¦ked god / And in y^e same yere was the kynges coyn chaunged thrugh oute Englonde by the kynge & his counseyll / y^t is to saye y^e noble half noble and ferthynge of golde. ¶And the .xiiii yere of kyng Henryes regne the fourth he lete make Galays of warre for he had hoped to ha¦ue passed the grete see & so forth to Iherusalem & there to haue ended hys lyf / but god vysyted hym so soone after with Infyrmytees & grete sekenesse y^t he myght no well endure no whyle so feruently he was taken & brought in bedde at westmynster in a fayre thambre And as he laye in his hed he asked hys chāberlayll what they called that chambre that he laye in & he an¦swered & sayd Iherusalem. And than he sayde that the prophecye sayd y^t he shold make an en¦de & deye in Iherusalē And than he made him dyd vnto god & dysposed all his wyll. And so on after he dyed & was caryed by water from westmynster in a barge vnto Feuersham and from thens he was caryed to Caunterbury by londe with moche torche lyght brennynge into the abbaye of Crechyrche and there he was en¦tered & buryed besyde saynt Thomas of Caun¦terburyes shryne & thus ended the worthy kyn¦ge Henry & about mydlente sondaye in the ye∣re of oure lorde a. M.CCCC. and .xxi. vppon whoos soule god haue mercy Amen.

MArtyn the .v. was pope after Iohn̄ .xiii. yere / this man was chosen by the coun¦seyll of Constantynoble & the other was depo¦sed that strof. and so came peas in the chyrche the whiche longe tyme afore was desyred & ne∣cessarye for the defence of the fayth. This was the myghtyest pope y^t euer was of rychesse / & a grete Iuge. He edefyed townes walles stretes & he destroyed heresyes / & he dyde moche good thrughe the noble prynce Sygysmonde. And he gadred moche moneye for to geten the holy londe ayen / but deth came vppon hym & letted hym & he made a counseyll afore his deth for y^e mater & there he decessyd. ¶Eugenius was pope after Martyn .xvii. yere / this Eugenius was chosen peasyble after y^e deth of Martyn / & no man doubted but he was pope / but soon

after he was expulsed frome Rome / for it was so that he fledde naked also he was cyted to the counseyll of Basylyens & deposed / but he dys∣charged hym not / and for that begā the stryffe ayen the whiche stode to his deth. And those y^t fauoured hym sayde he was worthe moche lo∣uynge / & the contrary sayde those that were a∣yenst hym but what someuer he was after he had taken the dygnyte vpon hym afore he was of grete obstynaunce & of gode fame .& what he dyde after that I leue to the Iugement of god·

¶Circa Annū dm̄. M.CCCC.xxi. ¶Of kynge Henry the fyfte that was kyn∣ge Henryes sone.

ANd after the deth of kynge Henry the fourth regned kȳge Hēry his sone that was borne at Monmouthe in wales that was a worthy kynge and a gracyous mā and a gre∣te conquerour. ¶And in the fyrste yere of hys regne for grete loue & goodnesse he sente to the ferres of Langley there as his fader had do bu¦rye kinge Rychard the secōde & lete take his bo¦dy out of the erthe ayen and dyde brynge it to westmynster in a ryal chare couered with blac¦ke veluet & baners of dyuerse armes aboute & all the hors drawynge the chare were trapped in blacke & beten with dyuerse armes / & many a torche brennynge by all the waye tyll he ca∣me to westmynster / and there he lete make for hym a ryall and solempne enteremente and bu¦ryed hym by quene Anne his wife as his owne desyre was on ferther syde of saynt Edwardes shryne in the abbaye of saynt Peters in west∣mynster on whos soule god haue mercy Amen ¶And in this same yere were a certayne of lol¦lers taken and fals herytykes that had purpo∣sed thrugh fals treason for to haue slayne oure kyng / and for to haue destroyed all the clargye of the reame and they myghte haue had theyr fals purpose. But our lorde god wolde not suf¦fre it / for in haste our kynge hadde warnynge therof and of alle theyr fals ordynaunce and werkinge and came sodenly with his power to Saynt Iohans withoute smythfelde and ano∣ne they toke a certanye of the Lollers and fals herytykes and broughte them to the kynges presence / and there they tolde all there fals pur¦pose & ordynaunce howe they wolde haue doo and wrought yf they myghte haue regned and hadde theyr wyll / and there they tolde whyche were theyr Capytayens and gouernours and than y^e kynge commaunded theym to the Tow¦re of London / and thanne toke moo theym bo¦the within the Cytye and wythoute and sente them too Newgate and to bothe / counteers. And thanne they were broughte in examycyon before the clergye and the kynges Iustyces and there they were conuycted for theyr fals heresie and dampned before the Iustyce for theyr fals treason. ¶And this was theyr Iugement that they sholde be drawen frome the Towr of London to Saynt Gelys felde and there to be hanged and brente on the galowes. ¶And there was taken syr Roger Acton knyghte for heresye and eke for treason ayenste the kynge and the Reame / and he came afore the clergye and was conuy••¦te for his heresye and dampned before the Ius∣tyce too be drawen frome the Towre of Lon¦don thrughe the Cyte to Saynt Gelys and to be hanged and brente. ¶And in the secon∣de yere of Kynge Henryes regne the fyfthe he helde a counseylle of alle the lordes of the rea∣me atte westmynster and there he putte hym this demaunde and prayed and besought them of theyr goodnesse and of theyr gode counseyll and wylle to shewe hym as touchynge the ty∣tle of the ryghte that he hadde to Normande Gascoyne and Guyhen the whiche the kynge of Fraunce wythelde wrongfully and vnty∣ghte fully / the whyche hys auncestrees before hym hadde by trewe tytle of conquest and ry∣ghte heretage / the whiche Normandye Gas∣coyn and Guyhen the good Kynge Edwarde of wyndesore and hys auncestres before hym hadde holden all theyr lyues tyme. And his lor¦des gaaf hym counseyl to sendde enbassatours vnto the kynge of Fraunce and hys counseyll that he sholde gyue vp vnto hym hys ryght he¦rytage / that is to saye Normandye Gascoyne Guyhen the whiche his predecessours hadde holden afore hym or els he wold it wyn̄e wyth strength of swerde in shorte tyme with the hel¦pe of almyghty god. ¶And thanne the Dol∣phyn of Fraunce answered to oure enbassa∣tours and sayde in thys manere that the Kyn¦ge was ouer yonge and to terder of aege for co¦mak ony warre as ayenste hym and not lyke yet to be a good warroure to doo and make suche aconqueste there vppon hym. And som¦what in scorne and dyspyte he sente to hym a tonne fulle of tenes balles bycause he wolde

haue som what for to playe wyth alle for hym and for his lordes / for that wolde be come hym better thenne for to•• mayntene ony warre. ¶And thenne anone oure Lordes that werre enbassatours tooke theyr leue and came in to Englonde ayen & tolde the kynge & hys coun∣seyll of the vngoodly answere that they had of the Dolphyn / & of the present y^e whyche he had sent to our kynge. ¶And whan the kynge had herde theyr wordes & the answere of the Dol∣phyn he was wōder sore agreued & ryght euyll apayed towarde the Frensshemen & towarde the kyng & the Dolphyn / & thought to auenge hym on them as soone as god wold sende him grace & myght / & anōe lette make tenes balles for the Dolphyn in all the hast that myght be / and they were grete gonstones for y^e Dolphin to playe with all / And than anone y^e kynge sen¦te for all hys lordes & helde a grete counseyll at westmynster & tolde vnto them the answere y^t they had of the Dolphyn & of the worthy presē¦te that he sent to hym and to his lordes to playe with all. And there the kyng & his lordes were accorded y^t they sholde be redy in armes wyth ther pow••r in the best araye that myght be do∣ne and gete men of armes & archers y^t myght be goten & all other stuff that longed to warre & to be redy wyth all theyr retenue to mete atte Southampton by Lammasse next folowyng without ony delaye. wherfore the kyng ordey¦ned his nauye of shyppes was with all manre stuffe & vytayll y^e longed to suche a warryoure of all maner of ordynaūce in the hauē of Sou∣thampton in to the nombere of .CCC. and .xx. saylles. And than felle there a greate dysease & a foule myschef for there were .iii. lordes why¦che that the kynge trusted moche on / & thrugh fals couetyse they had purposed & ymagyned the kynges deth & thought to haue slayne hym and all his bretherne or he had taken y^e see the whiche thre lordes were named thus syre Ry∣charde erle of Chambrydge broder to the duke of yorke / the seconde was she lorde Scrop tre∣sourer of Englonde / the thyrde was syr Tho∣mas Gray knyght of the North countre. And these thre lordes afore sayd for lucre of money hadde made a promesse vnto the Frensshmen for to haue slayne kynge Henry the fyfte & alle his brethern by a fals trayne sodaynly or they had be ware. But god almyghty helde hys ho∣ly honde ouer them and saued them from these peryllous menye. And for to haue done thys they receyued of the Frensshemen a Myllyon of golde / and that was there openly knowen / and for theyr fals treason they were al thre Iu¦ged vnto the deth / and this was the Iugemēt that they sholde be laadde thrughe Hampton & withoute Northgate there to be heded / & thus they ended theyr lyues for thyr false couetyse and treason / And anone as this was done the kynge and all his men ye made them redy and wente to shyppes and saylled forthe wyth fyf¦ten hondred shyppes and aryued with in Se¦yn at Kydecause vpon our ladyes euen the As∣sumpcyon in Normādy wyth all hys ordynaū¦ce. And so went him forth to Harflet & he besye¦ged the towne alle aboute by londe and eke by water & sent to the Capytayne of the towne & charged hym to delyuer towne. And Capytay¦ne sayd y^t he wolde delyuer hym none he wolde hym yelde / but bad hym do his best. And than our kynge layd hys ordynaunce vnto the two¦ne / that is to saye Gonnes Engynnes & tryp∣gettes & shotten and caste att the walles & eke vnto the towne / & caste downe both towres & towne and layd theym vnto the erthe / & there he played att the tenes wyth hys harde gon sto∣nes. ¶And they that were within the towne whan they shold playe theyr songes was well awaye and Alas that euer suche tenes balles were made / and cursyd all tho that warre be∣gan and the tyme that euer they were borne. ¶And on the morne the kyng dyd crye att eue¦ry gate of the towne that euery man sholde be redy on the morne erly to make assaute vnto y^e towe. and wyllyam Boucher & Iohan Graun¦te wyth .xii. other burgeys worthy men came to the kynge & besought hym of hys ryall pryn∣cehode & power to wythdrawe his malyce and destruccyon that he dyd to them and besought hym of .viii. dayes of respyce & trewes yf ony rescowe myghte come to theym / & els to yelde vp the towne vnto hym wyth all theyr goodes And than the kyng sent forthe the Capytayne and kept the remenaunt styll with hym & y^e lor∣de Gaucort that was Capytayn of the towne went forth to Royn in al the hast vnto the Dol¦phyn for helpe & socour but there was none ne no man of rescowe / for the Dolphyn wold not abyde. And thus this Capytayne come ayen vnto the kynge & yelded vp the towne and de∣lyuered hym the keys and bad hym go and put

out all the Frensshmen both men women and chyldren and stuff hys towne of Har••et wyth Englysshe people. And than the kynge sente in to Englonde and dyde crye in euery good tow¦ne of Englonde that what crafty man wolde come thydes & enhabyte hym there in that tow¦ne he sholde haue house and housholde to hym and to his heyres for euer more. ¶And soo tho wēte many dyuerse marchauntes and craf¦ty men and enhabyte theym there to strength the towne and were welcome. ¶And whan the kynge sawe that thys towne was well stuf∣fed both of vytayls and of mē this worthy prin¦ce toke his leue & went to Calays warde by lon¦de / and the Frensshmē herd of his comyng they thought for to haue stopped hym his way that he shold not passe that waye and in all the hast that they myght braken alle the brydges where that as ony passage was for hors and man in so moche that there myght no man passe ouer the Ryuer nother on horse ne on foot but yf he shold haue be drowned. And therfore our kyn¦ge with all his people wente and sought thys waye ferre vp to Parys warde and ther was all the ryall power of Fraunce assembled and redy to gyue hym batayll & for to dystroye alle his people. But almyghte god was hys guyde and saued hym & al his menye & defended hym of hys enmyes power and purpose thanked be god that saued so hys owne knyght & kynge in his ryghtfull tytle. ¶And than our kynge be holdynge and seyenge the grete multytude and nombre of his enmyes to wythstande his way and gyue hym batayll / than the kynge wyth a meke herte & a good spyryte lyft vp his hondes to almyghty god & be souhht hym of hys helpe and socoure and that daye to saue his trewe ser¦uauntes. And than oure kynge gadred all his lordes & other peple about & bad them all to be of gode there / for they sholde haue a fayre daye and a gracyous vyctorye & the better of all the¦yr enemyes / and prayed thē alle to make them redy vnto the batayll. For he wolde rather be deed that daye in the felde. than to be taken of his enmyes for he wold neuer put the reame of Englonde to raumsome for his persone.

¶An the duke of yorke fell on hys knees and besought y^e kynge of aboue that he wolde graū∣te hym that daye the auauntwarde in hys ba∣tayll / and the Kynge grauntyd hym hys askyn¦ge and sayd / gramercy cosyn of yorke and prai¦ed hym to make hym redy. And than he hadde euery man to ordeyne hym a stake of tree and sharpe both endes that y^e stake myght be pyght in the erthe a slope that theyr enemyes sholde not ouercome them on horsback for that was there fals purpose & arayed thē for to ouer ride our enmye sodaynly att the fyrste comynge on of them at the fyrste brunte. And all the nyght before the batayll the / frensshmen made many grete fyers and moche reuyll with howtynge •• showtynge and playd our kynge & hys lordes at the dyse. And archer alwaye for a blanke of theyr money / for they wēde y^t all had bē theyrs the morne arose the daye ganne spynge. And the kynge by good auyse lete araye hys batayll and his wynges and charged euery mē to kepe thē hoole togyder and prayed them alle to be of good there. And whan they were redy he asked what tyme of the day it was & they sayd pryme Than sayd our kynge now it is good tyme for all Englond prayed for vs / and therfore be of good chere & lete vs goo to oure Iourney. And than he sayde wyth hyghe voys in the name of almyghty god & saynt George auaunce Baner and saynt George thys day thyn helpe. ¶And than this Frensshemen came pryckynge dow¦ne as they wold haue ouer ryden all our meny. but god and oure archers made thē ryght sone to stomble / for our archers shote neuer arowe amysse but it perysshed & brought vnto y^e groū¦de both hors & man / for they shote that day for a wager. And our stakes made theym toppe o¦uer terue eche one ouer other that they laye on∣hepes two hepes lenth of hyghe. And our kyn¦ge with his menye and with his men of armes and archers that sthacked on them soo thycke with arowes and layd on with staues & our kȳ¦ge wyth his hōdes fought māly that daye. And thus god almyghty and saynt George brought oure enmyes to groūde & gaf vs that daye the vyctory. There werre slayne of Frensshmen y^e daye in the felde of Agyngcourt moo than .xi. thousand wyth our prysoners that were taken & there were nombred that daye of Frensshmē in the felde moo than syr score thousande. But god that daye faughte for vs. And after came there tydynges to our Kynge that there was a new batayll of Frensshmen ordeyned redy for to stele on hym and came towardes hym. And anone oure Kynge lette crye that euery man sholde doo slee hys prysoners that he hadde ta∣ken

/ and anone to make theym ayen redy for to fyghte wyth the Frensshe men / And whan they saw that our men kylled downe theyr pry¦soners than they dyde wythdrawe / them and brake theyr batayll & all their araye. and thus our kynge was a worthy conquerour had that daye the vyctory in the felde of Agyngcourte in Pycardye / And than oure kynge retorne a∣yen there that the batayll was for to see what people were slayne of Englysshmen / & yf ony were hurt that they myght be holpen. And the¦re were deed in the felde the duke of Barrye y^e duke of Alaūsome y^e duke of Braban the Erle of Nauerne chyef Constable of Fraunce / and .viii. erles & the Archebysshop of Saūce and of gode barons an hondred and mo / & of worthy Knyghtes of greate alyaūce of cote armures a thousande & .v. hondred. And so of Enelysshe men was deed the duke of yorke and y^e erle of Southfolke / & of all other Englysshmen there were not deed passynge .xxvi. bodyes thanked be god. And this batayll was on a fryday why¦che was saynt Cryspyne & Crispymanes daye in the moneth of Octobre / and anone the kyn¦ge commaūded to bury them and the duke of yorke to be caryed forth wyth hym and the erle of Southfolke. And there were prysoners the duke of Orlyaūce the duke of Burbon the er∣le of Vendome the erle of ewe the erle of Ryche¦monde & syr Bursygaunt Marchall of Fraū¦ce & many other worthy lordes were taken the¦re in this batayll of Agyngcourte & were brou¦ghte vnto the towne of Calays & so ouer the see wyth the kynge in to Englonde and landed at Douer in Kente with all prysoneres in saufte thanken bo god almyghty / & so came to Caun∣terbury and offred at saynt Thomas shryne & so he rode forthe thrught the countre of Kente the nexte waye vnto Eltham & there he rested tyll that he wolde come to London. And than the mayer of London and the aldermen shre∣ues / wyth all the worthy comuners and craf∣tes came to the blacke hethe well and worthe∣ly arayed / for to welcome our kynge with dy∣uer melodyes / and thanked almyghty god of hys gracyous vyctory that he shewed for hym And so the kynge and hys prysoners passed for¦the by theym tyll he came to saynt thomas wa¦terynge / and there mette with hym all relygy∣ous men with processyon and welcomed hym and soo the kynge came tydynge wyth hys pry¦soners thrugh the Cyte of London where that then was shewed many a fayr syght at all the conduytes and at the crosse in chepe as in he∣uenly araye of angells archaūgelles patryar∣kes prophetes and virgynes with dyuerse me¦lodyes sensynge and synginge to welcome the kynge and alle the conduytes rennynge wyth wyne & the kynge passed forthe to saynt Pou∣les and there mette wyth hym ·xiiii. bysshopes all reuessed & mytred with sensers to welcome the kynge / and there they songe for hys gracy∣ous vyctory. Tedeum laudamus. And there the kynge offred and toke his hors and rode to westmynster / & than the mayer tooke hys leue of the kynge and rode home ayen. ¶And in y^e thyrde yere of kynge Henryes regne the fyfth come the Emperour of Almayne kynge of Ro¦me and of Hungrye in to Englonde and so to the cyte of London. And the mayer & the alder¦men wyth the shreues and worthy craftes of London by the kynges cōmaundement mette with hym on the blacke hethe in the best araye that they coude ••on horsbacke. And there they welcomed hym and broughte hym vnto Lon∣don with moche honour and greate reuerence And at saynt Thomas wateryng there mette with hym the Kyng wyth all his lordes in gode araye. And there was a worthy metynge by∣twene the Emperour and Kyng Henry the fyf¦te and there they kyssed togyder. And enbraced eche other / and than the Kynge tooke the Em∣perour by the honde and so they came rydynge thrugh the cyte of London vnto saynt Pou¦les and there they alyghted and offred and alle the bysshoppes stode reuesshed wyth sensers in theyr hōdes sengynge to theym. And than they tooke theyr horses and rode vnto westmynster And the Kynge lodged the Emperoure in hys owne palays and there he rested hym a greate whyle & alle at the Kynges coste. ¶And soone after came the duke of Hollande into Englon¦de to come and se there the Emperoure and to speke wyth hym and wyth our Kynge Hēry of Englōde. And he was worthely receyued and lodged in the bysshops Inne of Ely and all at the kynges coste. ¶And whan the Emperour had welle rested hym and seen the londe in dy∣uerse partyes and knewe the commodytes thā by the processe of tyme he tooke hys leue of the kynge / but or he yode he was made knyght of the garter and reteyned and wered y^e lyueray.

And than he thanked the kynge and all hys lor¦des. And than the kynge and he wente ouer the see vnto Calays and aboden there longe tyme to haue an answere of the Frensshe kynge. and at y^e laste it came and plesed hym ryght nough∣te / and so the Emperour toke his leue of y^e kyn¦ge and passed forth in goddes name / and oure kynge came ouer ayē into Englonde in all the hast that he myght & that was on saynt Lucas euen that he came to Lambythe / and the mon¦daye nexte he came in to y^e parlemēte atte west∣mynster. ¶And in this same yere was a grete derth of corne in Englond. but thanked be god it lasted not longe.

ANd in the fourth yere of Kynge Henry¦es regne the fyfthe he helde hys parlea∣mente atte westmynster in the begynnynge of Octobre and laste to the puryfycacyō of our la¦dy than nexte after. And there was graunted vnto hym to mayntene his warres both of spy¦rytualtee and of tēporalte an hoole ••are & a dye¦me. And than anone the kynge prayed all hys lordes to make them redy to strengthe hym in his ryght. And anone he lete make a newe re∣tenue and charged al his mē to be redy at Ham¦pton in wytson weke than next after wyth out ony delaye. And there the kynge made the du∣ke of Bedford protectour and defender of his reame of Englōde in hys absence and charged hym to kepe hys lawes & mayntene bothe spy∣rytuall and temporall. And whan the kynge had thus do and sette all thynge in his kynde. On saynt Markes daye he toke hys hors atte westmynster and came ridynge to Poules and there offred and tooke his leue / and so rode for∣the thrugh the cyte takenge hys leue of all ma∣ner of people as well poore as ryche prayenge theym all in generall to praye for hym. And so he rode forth to saynt Georges and there offre¦de & toke his leue of the mayer chargynge hym to kepe well his chambre. And so he rode forth to Hampton and there abode tylle his retenue were redy and comē for there was al his nauye and shyppes wyth hys ordynaunce gadred to∣gyder and well stuffed as longed to suche a ry∣all kynge wyth all manere of vytayls for suche a ryall people as welle for hors as for man as longed for suche a warryoure. That is to saye gonnes trypgytes engynes sowes bastyles / Brydges letge•• sclynynge ladders malles and spades shoueles pyckes pauys bowes and aro¦wes bowes strynges and tōnes chestes and py¦pes fulle of arowes as neded for suche a worthi warryoure that noo thynge was to seche whā∣ne tyme come / thyder came to hym shyppes la∣den with gonnes and gonpoudre. ¶And whan this was redy & hys retenue come y^e kyn¦ge and all his lordes wyth alle hys ryall hooste wente to shyp and tooke the see and sayled into Normandye and londed at Touke vpon Lam¦masse daye than nexte after / And there he ma¦de .xlviii. knyghtes att his londynge. And than the kynge herynge of many enmyes vpon the see / that is for to saye .ix. greate Carackes hus∣kes Galays and shyppes that were comynge to dystroye his nauye. And anone he commaū∣ded the erle of Marche to be chyef chyeftayne and many other worthy lordes wyth hym and with men of armes and archers to goo to y^e see that none enemyes defouled hys nauye ne en∣tred his vyage ne his Iourney. And anone the erle toke hys menye & went to shyp & scommed the see & kepte the see costes that noo manere of enmyes durste rowte vpon the see / and anone the kynge sente hys heraudes vnto the Capy∣tayne of Touke and charged hym for to dely∣uer hym hys castell and hys towne and els he wolde neyther leue man ne chylde alyue. And anone the Capytayne and foure other burge∣ses of the towne brought the keyes to the Kyn¦ge and besought hym of grace. And the Kynge delyuered the keyes to syr Iohan Kyke••a••e and made hym Capytayne & cōmaunded hym for to put out all Frensshmen bothe of castell and of the towne. And there besyde was the castell of Louers and thyder the kynge sente the erle Marchall wyth a fayremenye and assauted y^e towne / and anone it was yolden to the erle and brought hym the keyes / and he brought them to the Kynge and the Kynge tooke them to hym ayen and made hym Capytayne of the castell of Louers & of all that longed therto / and char¦ged hym to delyuer out alle the frensshmē / and than the kynge helde forth hys way to Cane y^t was a stronge towne & a fayre & a ryall castell therin / and anone he sent his Heraudes to the Capytayne & charged hym to delyuer the tow∣ne & his castell or els he wolde gete theym with strenght of honde. And they answered & sayde. that he toke them none to kepe ne none the wol¦de delyuere vnto hym. And so anone he layde his syege vnto the towne and layde gonnes on

euery syde and caste done bothe walles & tow∣res and slewe moche people in theyr houses / & also in stretes. And the good duke of Clarence layde downe the walles on his syde vnto y^e ba∣re groande / And so wyth in a whyle the kynge by his counseylle assauted the towne all about And anone the Duke of Clarence was entred in to the towe and slewe downe ryght tyll he came to the kynge and spared nother man no chylde / and euer they cryed a Clarence a Cla∣rence and saint George / And there was deede on the walles on the kynges syde a worthy mā that was called Sprynges y^t whiche y^e kynge cōmaunded to be buryed in the abbaye of Ca∣nefast by wyllyam Conquerour. on whos sou¦le god huue mercy amen. And than the kynge came in to the towe wyth hys broder the Du∣ke of Clarence and many other worthy lordes wyth moche solemnyte & myrthe. And then y^e kynge cōmaunded the Capytayne for to dely∣uer hym his Castell. And he besought y^e kynge to gyue hym xiiii. dayes of respyte yf ony resco∣we wolde come / & yf none wolde come to dely∣uer hym the keyes & the castell at his cōmaun∣dement. And vnder this comeposycion was y^e towne & the castell of Bayous with other tow¦nes fortresses and vyl••ages in to the nobre off xiiii· vpon the hylle be fore the Castel of Cane our kynge pyght all his tentes that semed a tow¦ne as moche as the Cane & by that tyme came tydynges that none resowe wolde come there And so at the .xiiii. dayes ende the Capytayne of the castell came out and deliuered the keyes of the castell to our kynge / & bayous & the other xiiii. townes were delyuered vnto hym also / & anone the kynge delyuered the keyes to the du∣ke of Clarence & made hym Capytayne bothe of the towne and also of the castel / & made hym Capytayne of Bayorus & of all the other tow∣nys also / And so he entred the towne & the ca∣stell / & there he helde saint Georges feeste / and there he made xv. knyghtes of the bathe / there was syr Lowes Robert salyn Chaynye Mou∣gomerye & many other worthy men & the kyn∣ge cōmaunded them for to put out all the fren¦sshemen and women / & no man so hardy to de¦foule no woman ne take noo manere of good awaye frome theym but let them passe in peas on payne of dethe. And there passed oute of the towne in one daye moo than xv. hondred wo∣men / And than the kynge lete stuffe the towne and Castell with Englysshemen and ordeyned there twoo Capytayns that one for y^e towne & an other for the castell. ¶And charged theym vppon theyr lyues to kepe well the towne and the castell. And or that oure kyng wente thens he gate Valeys Newelyn and layde asyege to Chyrburgh / and that seyge layde the Duke of Gloucestre wyth a stronge power and a mygh¦ty / and by processe of tyme and made ther a Ca¦pytayne of the same towne. ¶And this same tyme the good Eerle of warwyk layed a seyge vnto Donnfronte and gate it and put therin a Capteyne. And for to speke more of the Eerle of Marche that the kynge ordeyned tho for to scomme the see and to kepe the costes of Eng∣londe for all manere of enmyes. The wynde ro¦se vppon theym that they wende all to haue bē loste / but thorough the grace of almaghty god and good gouernaunce they rodden afore the yle of wyght all that storme. And ther was lo¦ste two Carackes and twoo Balyngers wyth marchaundyse and other grete goodes / & al the people that were within theym. And an other Caracke broke vp before Hampton and thre∣we his maste ouer the walles of the towne and this was on saynt Barthelomeus daye / And whan all this storme was cessed. Thys worthy Erle of marche toke his shyppes wyth hys me∣nye and wente to the see & londed in Norman∣dye at Hogges and so roden forth to wardes y^e kynge / ¶And euer as he came the Frensshe∣men fledde / & there came to theym an Antho∣ny pygge and folowed the hooste alle the waye Tyll they came to a grete water and there they dradde to haue be drowned or drenched / For the water closed theym soo that they myghte noo where gete oute / ¶But at the laste god al¦myghty and thys Anthony Pygge broughte theym alle in saufte oute / And there they cau∣ghte theym a gyde that knewe the Countree a¦boute and he brought theym thorough a quyc¦ke Sande / And so forthe in to an Ile. and also they toke many prysoners by the waye to war¦de the kynge in theyr Iourneye / and so they to men vnto the castel Cane And there the kyn¦ge welcomed hym and toke hys Iourney atte Argentun and anone tho ••t was yolden to the kynge and they had theyr lyues and wente the¦yr waye. And than oure kynge remeued vnto a stronge towne that tho was called Cese / and there was a fayer mynster and they yelde it vp

anone vnto the kynge. And thanne the kynge wente from thens to ••laūsome and wanne the towne & the brydge / and the kynge sent the Er¦le of warwyk to a towne that was called Be∣lesme wyth a grete & stronge power and anone they yelde it and put them al to the kynges gra¦ce & in hys mercy / & so dyde many stronge tow¦nes and castels that were in tho partyes. And from thens they wente to Vernyll in Perche. & anone it was yolden vnto the kynge bothe the towne and the castell and bodyes and godes to the kynges good grace / and so the Kynge gate and conquered all the townes & castelles pyles strengthes and abbays vnto the cyte of rone. ¶And in the fyfth yere of kynge Henryes reg¦ne the fyfth / syr Iohan Oldcastell that was y^e lorde cobham was arested for heresie and brou¦ghte vnto the Towre of London / & anone af∣te he brake the Towre and wente into wales & there he kepte hym longe tyme. And att the last the lord Powys toke hym / but he stode att gre¦te defence longe tyme and was soore wounded or he wolde be taken and soo the lorde Powys men brought hym out of wales vnto London agayne in a whyrlcole and soo he was brought to westmynster and there was examined of cer¦tayne pointes that were put vppon hym. and he sayd not naye & so he was conuyte of y^e clar∣gye for hys heresye / And dampned before the Iustyces vnto the dethe for treason. And then he was ladde to the Toure ayen / and there he was layde on an hurdell & drawen thrugh the cytye to saynt Gelys felde & there was made a newe payre of galowes and stronge & a coler of yren for hym and there he was hanged and brēte on the galowes and al for his leudenesse and his fals opynyons.

ANd in the .vi. yere of kynge Henrye the fyfth. He sente hys vncle syr Thomas Beauforde duke of Excestre with a fayre me∣nye of mē of armes and archers before the cyte of Rone and there dyspleyed his Baner & sente herodes vnto the towne and badde theym yel∣de that cyte vnto our kynge theyr lyege lorde & they sayde he tooke them none to kepe ne none he sholde haue there but yf it were dere bought and meued with theyr hondes for other answe¦re wolde they none gyue but gonnes. ¶And there the duke toke gode any semēt of y^e grounde all about. And anone there yssued out of the cytee a grette menye of men of armes bo¦the on horsbacke and on foote and and anone our menye mette wyth them and ouer trewe a greate hepe of them and there takē and slayne xxx. persones of full ryght good mennys body¦es and the remenaunt fledde aien in to the tow¦ne / and the duke wente vnto Pountlarge vn∣to the kynge. and tolde hym al how that he had spedde and howe that he lyked the grounde. ¶And anone as the duke was gone they caste downe all the subarbes aboute the Cyte vnto the harde grounde. For bycause the kyng shol¦de there noo refusynge. And vpon the frydaye before lammasdaye thanne nexte folowynge. onre kynge with his hoste came before Rone / and anone he sete hys syege rounde about that Cytye / and anone he lete laye hys ordynaunce vnto the towne. And the kynge wyth hys lor¦des were logded wythin the chartre house and grete strengthe aboute theym and that was in the Eest partye of the Cytee. And than the du∣ke of Clarence lodged hym with all his streng¦the and power att the weste ende in a waste ab∣baye before proce Chanx. And the duke of Ex¦chestre with his menye in the Northe syde befo¦re the porte Beauuesyn. And bytwene the du¦ke of Clarence and the duke of Excestre was the Erle Marchall lodged wyth moche people and a stronge power before the castell gate. ¶And thanne the Erle of Ormonde with the lorde Haryngton and also the Lorde Talbott wyth theyr Retenue and companye next hym ¶And thanne Syr Iohan Cornewayle with manye othere noble Knyghtes and Squyres of name wyth all theyr Retenue laye wyth the noble duke of Clarence. ¶And thanne frome the duke of Excestre towardes the kynge we∣re lodged the Lorde Roos / and the lorde wyl∣leby wyth the Lorde Phehewe and Syre wyl¦lyam porter knight with theyr retenue before the porte of Saynt Hyllary. And than̄e was the Erle of Mortaye with his retenne lodged in the abbaye of Saynte Katherynes. ¶And the Erle of Salesbury wyth hys retenue laye on that other syde of Saynt Katherynes / and Syr Iohan Graye knyght was lodged att the abbaye that is called mounte du saynt Mychel And syr Phylyp Leche. knyght the kynges tre¦sourer was lodged bytwene the water of Seyn and the abbaye and kept the warde vnder the hylle And the baron of Carowe was lodged vn¦der the water syde for to kepe the passage / and

Ienyco the squyre laye nexte hym on the wa∣ter syde / and these two squyres kept manly the water of seyn & fought with theyr enmyes oft tymes. And on that other syde of Seyn laye y^e erle of Hontyngdon & master Neuyll the erles sone of westmer london / and syr Gylbert Vm∣••reuyll erle of Keme / and syr Rycharde erle of Arundell & the lorde Feryers wyth theyr rete∣nue before porte du poūte and eche of these lor∣des had stronge ordynaūce / & the kynge dyde make at Poūtlarge ouer the water of Seyn a stronge and amyghty chayne of Iron & put yt thrught grete pylis fast pyght in the grounde & that wente ouer the Ryuer of Seyn that no vessell myght passe y^t in to kynde. And aboue that chayn the kynge lete make a brydge ouer the water of Seyn that man & hors & all other caryage myght go to and fro at all tymes whā nede were. And than came y^e erle of warwyke and had goten Doūfronte vnto kynge Henry of Englonde. And anone the kynge sent the er¦le of warwyk to Cawdebeke for to be seyge yt / And whan he came before the towne he sente his Heraudes vnto the Capytayne and badde hym yelde vp the towne vpon payne of dethe and anone he layde his sege. And the Capytay¦ne besought the erle that he myght come vnto hys presence and it pleased hym & speke wyth hym / and soo the good erle graūted hym for to come. And than he came oute and foure other burgeys came wyth hym & entreated soo wyth this erle that this same towne was vnder com¦posycyon to be done as the Cyte of Rome dyde and the Erle graunted and consented tho••to vpoon thys condycyon that the kynges nauye of Englonde wyth hys ordynaunce / myghte passe by theym in saufte with out ony manere of lette or dysturbaunce. And to his composy∣cyon they sete to theyr seales. And the shyppes passed vp by them in saufte and came before the Cytee of Rone in to an hondred shyppes & there they caste theyr ankers / and thanne thys Cyte was besyeged bothe by londe and by wa¦ter. And whan all this was done and the shyp¦pes comen vp than came the erle of warwyke ayen to the kyng and lodged hym bytwene the abbaye of saynt Katherynes and the kyng tyll that the abbaye enteraced and so was yolden vnto the kynge. And thanne he remeued hym thens and lodged hym before the porte Mar∣tenuylye / and tho was the erle of Salysbury commaunded by the Kynge for to make hym redy for to ryde but there came hasty tydynges and made hym to abyde. And soo he retorned ayen and lodged hym besyde the good Erle of Huntyngdon tylle that syege was ended. ¶And thenne came the good duke of Glouce¦stre the kynges brother from the syege of Chyr∣bourghe the whiche he hadde goten and stuffid it agayne vnto the kynges behoue and profyte vnto the crowne of Englond. And whan he was comen to the kynge before Rone he lod¦ged with greate ordynaunce before the porte Saynt Hyllary more nerer the towne and hys enmyes thenne ony other laye by .xl. roddes of lenthe within shote of quarell. And wyth hym laye the Erle of Southfolke and the Lorde of Bergeyeney wyth all hys retenue and stronge ordynaunce and manly and proudly faughte euery day wyth theyr enmyes euer whan they yssued out of the cyte. ¶And thanne came the pryoure of Kylmayne of Irlonde ouer the see to the kynge wyth a fayr meny of armes of the¦yr owne countree gyse the somme of .xvi. hon∣dred good mennys bodyes / and the kyng wel∣comed theym and made theym goode there. ¶And thanne came thydynges vnto the kyn∣ge that the kynge of Fraūce and the Dolphyn with the duke of Burgoyne wolde come dow∣ne and rescowe the Cyte of Rone with a stron¦ge power of all manere of nacyons and breke the syege And casteth hym to entre on the nor∣the syde of the hooste by cause that there was the beste entrynge and moost playne and there for the kynge assyned the pryoure of Kylmay∣ne wyth his power and lodged hym on the nor¦the syde of the hoste for to stoppe theyr passage and was by the foreste of Lyons and of this or¦dynaunce they were full gladde & so they went forthe in all haste & kepte the grounde and the place that the kyng & his counseyll had assyg¦ned / and they quyte them as good warryours vnto thyer kynge. ¶Now wyll I tell you why¦che were the chyef Capytayns & gouernoure of the Cytee of Rome. Monsyr ••uy Boteler was cheyf Capytayne bothe of the cyte and of the castell. And Mon syre Teymygan he was Capytayne of porte Canx. Mon syr de al Ro∣che he was Capytayne of the Dysners. Mon syr Anthony he was Lyuetenaūt to. Mon syr Guy Botyler / Henry Chantfyen he was the Capytayne of the porte dela Pounte· Iohan

Materuas was Capytayne of the porte de la Castell / Mon syr de Preant he was Capytay∣ne of the porte of Saynt Hyllary / The bastar¦de of Tyne he was Capytayn of y^e porte Mar∣tenuylle / And graunt Iakes a worthy warry∣oure he was Capytayne of al mē of warre and he wys gouernour outwarde both on horsbac∣ke and on foot of all men of armes whan they yssued out of the cytee of all the portes than he arayed them al they sholde encountre with our menye. And eche of the Capytayns ladde fyue thousande / men of armes and some moo. And of the fyrste comynge of our Kynge theyr were nombred by Heroudes in to thre hundred thou¦sande of mē and womē & chyldren what yonge and olde / & amonge all these was many a man full man of his hondes and so the preued them whan they yssued out of the cytee both on hors∣backe and on foot / for they came neuer att one gate allone / but at thre or foure gates and attē euery gate two or thre thousande of good men¦nys bodyes armed & manfully encoūtred with our Englyssmē and moche people slayne dyuer¦se tymes wyth gonnes quarelles and other or∣dynaunce. And this syege dured ·xx. wekes and euery they of the towne trusted to haue be resco¦wed but there cam none / so att the laste they ke¦pte towne soo lange that there deyed many a thousādes within the towne for defaute of me¦te of men and chyldren / for they had eten theyr horses dogges and cattes that were in the tow∣ne. And often tymes the men of armes drofe out the pore people out att the gates of the tow¦ne for spendynge of vytaylles / and anone our Englysshmen drofe theym into the towne ayen Soo at the laste the Capytayne of the towne sa¦we the myschyef and that they were not resco∣wed and also the scarsyte of vytaylle and that the people deyed soo for defaute of meete euery daye many thousandes / And also sawe yonge chyldren lye and souke theyr moders pappes & were deed. ¶Than anone they sente to the kynge besechynge hym of hys grace and mer∣cye and broughte the keyes of the towne vnto the kynge and delyuered the towne to hym & al the soudyours voyed the towne with theyr hor¦ses and harnes and the comunes of the towne for to abyde and dwelle styll in the towne yere¦ly / to paye to hym & to hys successours for alle manere customes and see fermes & katerenes. And than the kyng entred in to the towne and rested hym in the castell tyll of y^e wne was set∣te in rule and in gouernaunce.

¶How the kynge of Englond was made en¦heyrytoure and regente of Fraūce and how he wedded quene Katheryne.

ANd anone after that Rone was goten Depe and manye other townes in the basse Normandye gaf them ouer without stro¦ke or syege whan they vnderstode that the kyn∣ge had goten Rone Also this yere had be a peas made & sworne bytwene the duke of Bugoyne and the Dolphyn whiche were sworne on god¦des body that they sholde loue and assysse eche other ayenst theyr enemyes. And after this con¦trary to this othe duke Iohn̄ of burgoyne was slayne and pyteously murdred in the presence of the Dolphyn wherfore the Frensshmen we¦re gretly deuydeb & of very necessyte laboured to haue a treatye wyth the kynge of Englonde. for the kynge of Englonde wanne dayely of them townes castels▪ & fortresses. ¶Also thys same yere was quene Iane arested & brought vnto the castell of Ledes in Kent. And one ••re¦re Radulfe a doctour of dyuynyte confessour whyche afterwarde was slayne by the persoone of the Toure fallynge at wordes and debate. And after warde quene Iane was delyuered. ¶And in the .vii. yere both the kynge of fraū∣ce and of Englonde were accorded and kynge Henry was made heyre and regent of Fraun∣ce and wedded dame Katheryne the doughter of / fraunce at Troyes in Champayne▪ on try¦nyte sondaye. And this was made by the men¦ne of Phylyp newe made duke of Burgoyne whiche was sworne to kynge Henry to auen∣ge hys faders deth and was become Englyssh. ¶And thanne the kynge wyth hys newe wyfe wente to Parys where as he was ryall•• recey¦ued. And from thens he wente wyth his lordes And the duke of bourgoyn. and many other lor¦des of / fraunce and layd syege to dyuerse tow∣nes & castels that helde of the Dolphyns par∣tye and wanne them but the towne of Milon helde longe tyme for therin were good defen∣ders. In the .viii. yere the kyng and the quene came ouer see and londed on Landelmasse da¦ye on the morne att Douer. And the .xiiii. daye of / feuerer the kynge came to London. And y^e xxi daye of the same monthe the quene came. And the .xxiiii. of the same she was crowned at westmynster. ¶Also that same yere anone

after Ester the kyng helde a palement at west∣mynster / at whiche parlemente it was ordey∣ned that that golde in Englysshe coyn sholde be weyed & none receyued but by weyght. ••nd anone after wytsontyde the kynge saylled to Calays and passed forth so in to Fraūce. And in the .xxii. daye of Marche before the kyng ca¦me ouer the duke of Clarence was slayne in Fraunce and dyuerse other lordes taken pryso¦ners as the erle of Huntyngdon the erle of So¦merset with dyuerse other / and all was bycau¦se they wold not taken none archers with them but thoughte to haue ouercome the Frensshe∣men themself without archers. And yet whan he was slayne the archers came & rescowed y^e body of the duke whiche they wolde haue cary¦ed with them / god haue mercye on his soule he was a valyaunte man. And the same yere by∣twene Crystmasse and cādelmasse the towne of Mylon was yolden vnto the kynge. ¶In the .ii. yere on saynt Nycholas daye in Decem¦bre was borne Henry the kynges fyrste bego∣ten sone at wyndesore / whos god faders at the font stone was syr Henry bysshop of wynches¦tre and Iohn̄ duke of Bedford and the duches¦se of Holonde was godmoder / and Henry chy¦chelay Archebysshop of Caūterbury was god fader at confermynge. ¶And in the .x. yere y^e Cyte of Mews in Bry was goten whiche had ben longe besyeged And this same yere the que¦ne shypped at Hampon and sayled ouer to the kynge in Fraunce where she was worshypful¦ly receyued of the kynge / and also of the kyng of Fraynce hyr fader and of hyr moder. And thus kynge Henry wanne faste Fraunce and helde grete astate and sate at a greate feest in Parys crowned & y^e quene also whiche hadde not been seen before / and alle people resorted vnto his courte / but as to the kynge of Fraun¦ce he helde none astate ne rule but was lefte al¦moost allone. ¶Also this yere the weder toke was sete vpon Poules steple at London. And this yere in the monethe of August the kynge waxed seke at Boys devyncynt / and whan he sawe he sholde deye he made hys testamēt & or∣deyned many noble thynges for hys soule and deuoutly receyued all the ryghtes of holy chyr¦che / in soo ferre for they that whanne he was a¦noynted he sayde the seruyse with the preest / & at y^e verse of the spalme of Miserere mei deus that was Benigne fac dn̄e in bona voluntate tuasyon / vt edificentur mury Iherusalem / he badde tarye there and sayd thus O good lorde thou knowest that myn entente hathe ben and yet is yf I myght lyue to redyfye the walles of Iherusalem. And thanne the preest proceded forth and made anende. And anone after thys mooste noble prynce and dyctoryous kynge floure in hys tyme of crysten chyualrye. who∣me all the worlde doubted gaaf hys soule in to the handes of god and deyed and made an en / de of his naturall lyfe att the for sayde Boys / de vyncent besyde Parys y^e .xxxvi. yere of hys aege / vppon whoos sowle god haue mercy. Amen. ¶Than was the body enbamed and cyred and layd in a ryall chare and an ymage lyke to hym was layde vpvon the corps open wyth dyuerse baners and horses couered ry∣chely with the armes of Englonde and Fraun¦ce / and also the olde armes of saynt Edwarde saynt Edmonde and other with grete multy∣tude of torches / with whome wente the kynge of Scotlonde and many other lordes whyche accompanyed the body tyll it came vnto west¦mynster by London in Englonde and euery towne by the waye he had solempnely his dyry¦ge on the euē and masse on the morne and mo∣che almes was gyuen to poore peple by y^e waye And the .vii. daye of Nouembre after y^e corps was brought / thrugh London wyth grete re∣uerēce & solempnyte to westmynster where as he nowe lyeth / it was worshypfully buryed / & after was layd on his tombe a ryal ymage lyke hȳself of syluer and gylde which was made att the cost of quene Katheryne. And thus ended and is entered and buryed the noble kyng Hē¦ry y^e fyfth / vpon whoos soule and al crystē sou¦les god haue mercy Amē.

¶Of y^e lawe of kynge Hēry y^e fyfth and what he ordeyned for kyng Rycharde & for hymself after his dethe.

HEre is to be noted that this kynge Hen∣ry the fyfth was a noble prynce after he was kynge and crowned how it before in hys yo••gth he had be wylde recheles & spared noo thynge of hys lust ne desyres but accōplesshed them after his lykyng / but as soone as he was crowned enoynted & sacred anone sodaynly he was chaunged into a newe man & set all his en¦tent to lyue vertuously in mayntenynge of ho∣ly chyrche / destroyenge of heretykes / kepynge Iustyce & defendynge of his reame & subgettes

¶And for as moche as hys fader had deposed by hys labour the good kyng Rycharde & pyte¦ously made hym to deye / & for the offence done to hym ayenst his legaunce he had sent to rome for to be assoyled therof For whiche offēce our holy fader y^e pope enyoyned hym to make hym to be prayed for perpetually. and lyke as he had done to be takē from hym his naturall lyf ther¦fore he shold do fyside four tapers to brēne per∣petually about his body that for the extynccōn of his bodely lyf his soule may euer be remem∣bred and lyf in heuē in spyrytual lyfe. And also that he sholde euery weke on y^e daye as come a∣aboute of hys deth haue a solempne masse of re¦quiē & on y^e euē afore dyryge wyth .ix. lessons & a doole to poore peple alwaye on that daye of a xi. shellynges & .vii. pens to be deled peny mele / and ones in the yere at his annyuersary his ter¦mēte to be holden in y^e most honest wyse / & •• be¦deled y^e daye .xx. poūde in pens to poore people And to euery monke .xx. shellynge whyche alle these thynhes performed thys noble kynge for his fader for kyng Henry the fourth / his fader performed it not durynge hys lyf of whome as it is sayd that god dyd touche hym & was lepre¦or that he deyed. ¶And also thys noble prynce lette do calle all y^e abbottes & pryours of saynte Benets order in Englond & had all them into the chapytre hous of westmynster for the refor¦macyon of theyr order wherin he had comuny¦cacyon / and also wyth bysshops and mē of the spyrytualte / in so ferre forth that they doubted sore as that he wold haue had the temporaltes out of theyr hondes / wherfore by the aduyse la∣bours and procurynge of the spyrytuallyte en∣couraged the kyng for to chalenge Norman∣dye and his ryght in Fraunce / to that entente to set hym a warke there that he shold not seke none occasyons for to entre into suche maters And than all his lyf tyme afterwarde he labou∣red & was besy in the warre & in conquerynge a grete parte of the reame of / fraunce. and so af¦terwarde y^t by the grement of the Kynge Char¦les he had the gouernaunce & the rule of the rea¦me of / fraunce and he was proclamed regnet & heyre of / fraunce. ¶And so notwithstandynge for alle this grete warre that he had / neuerthe∣les yet he remēbred his soule & also thought that he was mortall & nedes must deye / for whyche cause he ordeyned by hys lyfe tyme the place of his sepulture where as he is buryed / and hath euery daye thre masses perpetually songen in a chapell our his sepultur of the whiche y^e myd¦dyll masse & the fyrste and the laste masse shall be as it is assygned by hym as it apperyeth by these verses folowynge.

Henrici misse quinti sunt hic tabulate. Que successiue sunt per monachos celebrate.

¶De dm̄ca.

Prima sit assumpre de festo virginis alme. Poscit postremā cristus de morte resurgens

¶Feria secunda.

Prima salute de festo virginis extat. Nunciat angelicis laudē postrema choreis

¶Feria tercia.

Esse deum natum de virgine prima fatetur Cōmemorat natam sic vicima misse mariam

¶Feria quarta.

Prima celebretur ad honorē neupmat{is} almi. Vltima conceptam denunciat ••ē mariam

¶Feria quinta.

Semper prima colideber de corpere cristi. Vltima sit facta de virgine purificata

¶Feria sexta.

Concedet vt prima celebretur de truce sanctā. At{que} salutate f••et postrema maria

¶Sabbato.

Omnes ad sanctos est prima coleda super nos Vltima de requie pro defunctis petit esse. Semper erit media de proprietate d••ci.

¶And yet the noble Kynge Henry the fyfte founded twoo houses of relygyon on is called Syon besyde Braynforde of y^e ordre of Saynt Brygf••te both of mē and women and on that other syde of the Ryuer Tamyse an hows of monkes of Chartrehous / in whyche twoo pla¦ces he is contynually prayed for nyght & daye / For euer whan they of Syon resten than they of the Chaptre hous do theyr seruyce & in lyke wyse whan they of the Chartre hous resten the other gooth to / & by ryngynge of the belles of eyther place eche knoweth whan they haue en∣ded theyr seruyte whyche be nobly endowed / & do dayly there grete almes dedes / as in Char∣ter hous certayne chyldren be founde to scole. & at Syon certayn almes geuen dayly. And yet besyde all thys he founde a recluse the whyche shall be alway a preest to praye for hym by the sayd Chartre hous whyche preest is suffycyent¦ly endowed for hym & a seruaunt Lo here may all prynces take ensample by thys noble pryn∣ce that regned so lytyll tyme not fully .x. yere &

dyde so many noble actes as well for his soule to be perpetually remembred & prayed for / as in his conquestes & he beynge in his moste lus¦ty aege dysposyd to eschewe synne & was a gre¦te Iusticer•• in so moche y^t all the prynces of cry¦stendome dradde hym & also of hethenes / & he had determyned in hymself yf god wolde haue spared hym to haue warred on the Sarasyns & for to knowe the ayde of other prynces & alle the passages in y^e Iourneye he sente a knyght of Henaude named Hugh de lanoye vnto Ihe¦rusalem / but or he retorned he deyed at Boys de vencence in the .xxxvi. yere of hys aege. on whos soule god haue mercy Amen.

FElyx the .v. was pope whā Eugenyus was deposed .ix. yere. This man Felyx was duke of Sauoyen deuonte prince an olde man. and he saw his ckyldes chylde This mā whan he lyued a holy lyf was chosen pope of the counsell of Basyle. and eugeny was depo¦sed. and there was stryfe longe tyme. And he had no grete obediēce for the deposycyō of eu∣genye: And at the laste Eugenye decessed. and than felyx ••esygned to Nycholas for fauoure of puas to be had & he was made legate of Fra¦unce & Cardynal of Sabyanus This was the xxiii. stryfe bytwyxt Eugeny and felyx & it du¦red .xvi· yere and thys was a new cause & ne∣uer seen before for the counseill of Basyle depo¦sed Eugeny they vere pope and there was noo mo for he obeyed not the decrees of the coūseyl of Constantinople as they sayd ne he charged not to obeye the counsyel of basyle: but he say¦de rather the countrary sholde be done than as they decreed. wherfore there arose a grete alte¦racyon in y^e mater / for some sayde one waye & some an other & coude not accorde to thys daye for that one partye sayde that coū••eyll was a∣boue the pope. & an other partye sayde the con¦trary y^e the pope was about the coūseyll. But they lefte it vndetermyned. And therfore god muste dyspose for the best. ¶Albert was Em∣perour after Syghysmonde one yere. thys Al∣bert was the duke of Austre & neuewe to Sy∣gysmonde / and therfore he was kynge of Be∣me and of Vngray for hys doughter for other heyre he left none. This man was chosen Em¦perour of almayne but anon he was poysened and dyed / and he was in althynge a vertuous man y^t all men sayd he was a presydent to alle kynges. ¶Fredericus the thyrde was Empe¦roure after hym. this Frederyk was the duke of Osteryk & chosen Emperoure of Almayne but it was longe or he was crowned of the po∣pe for deuysyon. And at the last there was ma∣de an vnyte / & he was crowned with a greate honour of the pope in y^e cyte & was a peasyble man & a quyete & of a synguler pyte & he hated not the clergye (he wedded the kynges dough∣ter of Portyngale / & in hys tyme whyles that heregned he made a grete cūuocacion of pryn¦ces in Ratyspona for the Incours of the Tur¦kes / & shewed vnto them y^t nowe within this ·xx. yere crystendom was made lasse by two hū¦dred myle. and he warned theym y^t they sholde be redy to resyst hym. ¶And the Imperyal cy∣te of Constantynople was take at y^e same tyme of the mysbyleuynge Turkes & betrayed by a Ianuēs whom for his labour the Turke ma¦de a kynge as he promysed hym. and the four∣the daye he called hym to hym and dyde hange hym for his dysceyte to his master. And there was greate sorowe and wepynge amonge the crysten people for losse of y^e noble Cyte / forma¦ny a Crysten man was slayne & innumer able were solde: and the emperour was slayne & for enuye the Turke caused his heed to be smyten of whan he was deed· And almoost all the fay¦the in y^e londe of Greke fayled. ¶Nycholaus the .v. a Ianueus was pohe after Felyx .viii. yere. This Nycholas was chosen at Rome in the place of Eugenye· and yet the stryfe hen ge¦styll / by a lytyll and a lytyll they obeyed hym & all men merueyled that a man of so poore a na¦cyon sholde obteyne ayenst the duke of Sa∣uoy the whyche was cosyn and alyed all moost to alle the prynces of crystendoome and euery∣chone lefte hym. Than in the yere after there was a peas made / felyx resygned for yt pleased our lorde hys name to be gloryfyed by an obiec¦te of the worlde as that Ianuens was in com∣paryson of the duke the pope. This Nycholas was a mayster indiuynyte and an actyue man & a ryche man in conseytes & many thynges y^t were fallē he buyldyd ayen / and al y^e walles of Rome he renewed for dred of the Turke And there was a verse made of this vnyte & publys∣shed in the cyte. ¶Lux fulsit mūdo: cessit felix Nychalao. And that in y^e yere of our lord. M CCCC.xlix. The yere of grace with a grete de∣uocyon was confermed and Innumerable pe¦ple went to the appostels setes.

¶How kynge Henry the syxt regned beyn∣ge a chylde not one yere of aege / and of y^e ba∣tayll of Vernayll in Perche.

AFter kynge Henry the fyfth regned Hē¦ry hys sone but a chylde & not fully one yere of aege. whos regnne began the fyrst daye of Septēbre in y^e yere of our lord .M.CCCC.xxii. This kynge beynge in his cradell was mo¦che doubted / and drade bycause of the gret con¦quest of his fader & also the wysdom & guydyn¦ge of his vncles the duke of Bedford and y^e du¦ke of Gloucestre. ¶This yere the .xxi. daye of Octobre deyed Charles the kynge of Fraunce & lyeth buryed att saynt Denys. And than the duke of Bedford was made regne of Fraunce & the duke of Gloucestre was made protectour & defēdour of Englōde. ¶And the fyrste daye of Marche after was syr wyllyam Tayloure preest degarded of hys preesthode & on the mor¦ne after he was brent in smythfeld for heresye. ¶This yere syr Iames Stewarde kynge of Scottes maryed dame Iane the duchesse dou¦ghter of clarence the whyche she had by hyr fyr¦ste husbonde y^e erle of Somerset at saynt Ma¦ry ouerys ¶Also this yere the xxvii. day of Au¦gust was the bataylle in Perche bytwene the duke of Bedforde regne of fraunce and the du¦ke of Aloūsome whiche was a ful grete batayll The duke of bedforde had on hys syde the elre of salysbury moūtagu and the lorde talbot and all the power that they coude make in Normā∣dye and the garnysons kepe & also many Capy¦tayns wyth moche people of the duke of Bur∣goyns. And on that other syde was the duke of Ilaunsome. The duke of Turon that was the erle of Doughan and the erle Boughan with many lordes of fraūce and a grete company of Scottes and Armynaxys. And than the erle / Douglas called the duke of Bedforde in scor∣ne Iohan with the leden swerde. And he sente hym worde ayen y^t he sholde fynde y^e daye that his swerde was of stele. And the batay••le Ioy¦ned on bothe sydes faught and lōge tyme•• that. there wyst no mā whoo sholde haue the better a grete whyle / but att the last as god wolde the vyctory felle vnto the Englysshe partye. For there where slayn the erle Douglas whiche aly¦tell before wasse made duke of Turon the erle. Boughan the erle Almemere the erle of Tonu at the erle of Vaūtedor & the vyscounte of Ner¦bon whyche was one of them y^t slewe the duke Iohan of Burgoyne knelynge before the Dol¦phyn & many moo vnto the nombre of .x. thou¦sande & mo And there was takē presoners and duke of Alaūsome and many other lordes and gentylles of / fraunce. But Scottes that daye were slayne downe ryght the substaunce of thē all. ¶And the thyrde yere of kynge Henry the syxt the duke of Gloucestre maryed the duches¦se of Hollāde and wēt ouer see with hyr into he¦naude for to take possessyon of hys wyue enhe∣rytaūce where he was honerably receyued and taken for lorde of that londe but soone after he was fayne to retorne home ayen into Englon¦de. and lete hys wyf and all his tresoure that he had brought with hym in a towne y^t is callyd Mounle in Henaude whyche promysed hym to be true to hym. Notwithstandynge they de¦lyuered the lady to the duke of Burgoyne whi¦che sent hyr to Gaunt. And from thens she es¦capyd in a mannys clothynge and came into zelande to a towne of hyr owne callyd Syryer And from thens she went to a towne in Hollon¦de called y^e Gowde and there she was stronge ynoughe & withstode the forsayd duke of Bur¦goyne. ¶And soone after the duke of Glou¦cestree sente ouer see in too zelonde the Lorde Fytzwater wyth certayne men of armes and archers for to helpe and socoure the forsayde duchesse of Hollande whyche londed att a pla∣ce in zeelande called. Brewers hauen where the lordes of the coūtree came downe▪ and tau∣ghte wyth hym / in conclusyon he was feyne to wythdraw hym and hys menye to the see ayen But yet he slewe and kylde & hutte dyuerse lor∣des & moche peple of y^e same coūtre / & retorned home ayen into Englōde wyth his meny & pre∣uayled noo thynge. ¶And also thys same ye••e the erle of Salysbury / the erle of Souffolk•• the lorde wylle by and the lord Scales with their re¦tenue layd syege to the cyte of Manus the whi¦che cyte was yolde to theym wyth many other strong townes & castels to y^e nombre of .xxxvi. ¶This tyme all Normandye and a grete par¦te of / ••raunce vnto Orlyaunce was vnder the obeysaunce of the Kynge of Englonde / and all the remenaunte of / fraunce was in grete tribu¦lacyon and myschyef.

¶How thre was lyke to haue be a gret fraye bytwene the Cardynall and the duke of Glou¦cestre. And of the coronacyon of Kynge Henry the syxte both in Englonde and in / fraunce.

IN the fourth yere the same nyghte that the mayer of London Iohan Couentre had taken his charge / was a greate watche in London for a fraye y^t was bytwene y^e bysshop of wynchestre. & the duke of Gloucestre protec¦tour &c̄. For the mayer wyth the peple of y^e cy¦te wold abyde by y^e duke of Gloucestre as pro¦tectour & defendour of the reame but by labou¦re of lordes that went bytwene / and in especy¦all by the labour of the prynce of Portyngale / there was a poyntement taken that there was no harme done. ¶And after y^e batayll of Ver¦nayll in Perche the duke of Bedforde came o∣uer in to Englonde. And on wytsondaye thys same yere at Leycestre he dubbed kynge Hen∣ry knyght. And forth with the sayd kyng Hen∣ry dubbed all these / knyghtes whos names of lowen / that is to wyte syre Rycharde duke of yorke / also the sonne and heyre of the Duke of Nurthfolk / the erle of Oxforde / y^e erle of west merlonde / the sone and heyre / of y^e erle of Nor¦thumberlond / the sone and heyre of the erle of Vrmonde / the lorde Roos / syr Iamys bottelar the lorde Martrauas / syr Henry gray of Tan¦keruyle syr wyllyam Neuyll / lorde Fawcon∣brydge / syr George Neuyll lord Latymer the lorde wellys / the lorde Barkle / the sone. & hey∣re of the lorde Talbot / syr Raufe gray of wer∣ke / syr Robert veer syr Rychard gray / syr Ed∣monde hongerforde syre Iohan bottelar / syre Raynolde Cobham syr Iohan passheley / syre Thomas tūstall. Iohan Chydyok / syr Raufe langeforde / syr wyllyam drury / syre wyllyam thomas / Rycharde Carbonell / syr Rycharde wyde wyle / syr Iohn̄ shrydelow syr wyllyam Chayne / syr wyllyam Badyngton. syr Iohnn Iune / and syr Gylbert beauchampe. ¶Item in the fyfth yere the duke of Bedford wyth the duchesshe hys wyfe wente ouer see to Calayes & a lytell before wente ouer see Henry bysshop of wynchestre. And on our ladyes daye Annū¦cyacyon in our lady thirche at Calays the bys¦shop of wyncestre as he had sōgen masse was made Cardynall and he knelyge before the hy¦ghe awter the duke of Bedforde set the hat vp¦pon his heed / and there were hys bulles redde as well of hys charge as of y^e reioysynge of his benefyces spyrytall and temporall. And thys same yere was grete habundaunce of rayne / that the substaūce of heye / & also of corne was dystroyed / for it rayned almooste euery other daye. ¶And this same yer y^e good erle of Sa∣lesbury syr Thamas of Mountagu layd syege vnto Orlyaunce at the whyche syege he was slayne wyth a gonne that come out of the tow∣ne on whos soule god haue mercy. Amen. For sythe that he was slayne Englysshe men ne∣uer gate ne preuayled in Fraunce / but euer af¦ter began to lese lytyll tyll all was loste. ¶Also this same yere a Bryton murthred a good we¦dowe in hyr bedde without Algate whiche we∣dowe foūde hym for almes / and he bare away all that she and. And after this he toke the gyr¦the of holy chyrche at saynt George in South∣warke / & there he toke the crosse and for swore this londe. And as he wente it happened that he came by the place where he dyd this cursyd dede in the subarbes of London and the wo∣men of y^e same parysshe came out with staues and canell dounges and slewe & made an ende of hym there. Notwithstandynge the conesta∣bles & many other men beynge presente for to kepe hym for there were so many women and had no pyte. ¶Also this same yere the duke of Northfolk with many gentylmen and yomen toke his barge / the .vii. daye of Nouembre att Saynt Mary oueres for to haue gone thrughe London brydge. And thrughe mysgydynge of the barge it ouerthrewe on the pyles and ma∣ny men drowned / but the duke hymselfe wyth two or thre leped vppon pyles and soo were sa∣ued wyth helpe of mē that were aboue the bryd¦ge with castynge downe ropes / by the whyche popes they saued them self. ¶This same yere on saynt Leonardes day kyng Henry beynge vii. yere of age was crowned at westmynster / at whoos coronacyon were made .xxxvii. kny∣ghtes. ¶This yere on saynt Georges daye he rassed ouer see to Calays to warde Fraunce. ¶About this tyme and a fore the reame beyn¦ge in grete mesery and trybulacyon. the Dol∣phyn with his partye begā to make warre and gate certayne places and made distresses vpon the Englysshmen by the meane of hys Capy∣tayns. y^t is to saye la heer & poton de sayntrayl∣les / and espycyal. a mayde whiche they named la pucelle de dicu. This mayde rode lyke a mā and was a valyaunt Capytayne. amonge thē and toke vpon hyr many grete enterpryses in so moche that they had a byleue for to haue re∣coueryd all theyr losses by hyr. Notwithstan∣dynge at the laste after many grete f••autes / by

the helpe of prudence of syr Iohn̄ Lukembur∣ghe the whiche was a noble Capytayne of the duke of Burgon & many Englysshemen Py∣cardes and Burgonyons whiche were of oure partye before the towne of Company the .xxiii daye of Maye the for sayde pucelle was taken in y^e feld armed lyke a man & many other Capy¦taynes with hyr & were all brought to Rone & there she was put in to pryson. And there she was Iuged by the lawe to be brent. And than she sayd that she was wyth chylde / wherby she was a whyle respyted Butte in conclusyon yt that founden that the was not wyth chylde / & than she was brent in Rone / and the other Ca¦pytayns were put to raunsome & entreted as men of warre ben acustomed. ¶And this sa∣me yere about Candemasse Rycharde hunder a wulle packer was damned for an heretyke & brent at Tourhylle. ¶And aboute mydlēten syr Thomas Baggely preest & vycarye of the Mauen in Estsex besyde walden was dysgra∣ded and dampned for an heretyke and brente in smythfelde / ¶And also in thys same yere whyles the kynge was in Fraunce there were many heretykes and lolardes that had purpo∣sed make a rysynge and caste hylles in dyuerse places but blessed be almyghty god the Capy∣tayae of theym was taken whoos name was wyllaym Manndeuyll a weuer of Abendon & balyf of the same towne· whiche named hym∣self Iacke Sharpe of wygmoreslonde in wa∣les. And after warde he was beheded at the for¦sayd Abendon in the wytson weke ī the tewes∣daye. ¶This same yere the .vi. day of Decem¦bre kynge Henry the syxth was crowned kyn∣ge of Fraunce at Parys in the chirche of oure lady with grete solempnyte / there beynge pre¦sente the Cardynall of Englonde the duke of Bed fordt and many other lordes of Fraunce and Englonde. And after thys coronacyon & grete feest holden at Parys the kyng retorned from thens to Rone and so to warde Calays / and the .ix. daye of Feuerer londed att Douer / whom all the comunes of Kent mette at Ber∣amdon bytwene Caunterbury and / Douer al in reed hodes. and so come forthe tyll he came to the blacke hethe where he was mette wyth the mayer Iohn̄ wellys with all the craftes of London clothed all in whyche / & so they brou∣ghte hym vnto London the .xxi. daye of the sa∣me moneth. And this same yere was a restra∣ynt of the wulles of Caleys made by the sou∣dyours bycause they were not pay••d of theyr wages. wherfore the duke of Bedford regned of Fraūce beynge than Capitayns came to Ca¦lays the tewsday in y^e ester weke. And than on y^e morne after many soudyours of y^e towne we¦re arested & put in warde. And in the same we∣ke he rode to Terewyn / & by the meane of the bysshop of Terewyn he wedded the Erles dou¦ghter of Saynt Poule & came ayē to Calays / And than the .xi. daye of Iune on saynt Berna¦beys daye there were foure soudyours of cal••is that were the chyef causers of the restraynt of the wulles byheded / that is to wyte Iohn̄ Ma¦deley / Iohn̄ Launday / Thomas Palmer / and Talbot / & an hondred and .x bannysssed out of the towne that same tyme / and before were ba∣nysshed an hondred and .xx soudyours. And on mydsomer euē after came the lorde regēce and his wyfe to London.

ANd than about thys tyme deyed pope Martyn. And after hym Eugen••e••he fourth was pope. This man was peasably cho¦sen in the courte of Rome by the Cardynals & was very and indubytate pope. But within a shorte tyme after he was put & expulced oute of Rome in suche amanere that he was fayne for to flee naked. ¶In this same tyme was the counseyll of Basyle to the whiche coūseyll Eu¦genye the pope was cyted to come. And bycau¦se that he came not they deposed hym / but he rought not ne set not therby but gate the cytee of Rome & abode stylle pope .xii. yere. ¶Thys tyme about wytsontyde the heretykes of Pra¦ghe were dystroyed. for at two Iourneys were dystroyed of theym moo than .xxii. thousande with theyr Capytaynes that is to wete Proca¦pius Saplico & Lupus prespyter. ¶Also the∣re was taken on lyue mayster Pers clerke an Englysshysshe man & an heretyke. ¶And also this same yere was stronge frost & a longe du∣ringe the whiche lasted .xi. wekes / for it began vpon saynt Katherynes euen & lasted vnto sa¦ynt Scolastycus day in Feuer yere / in the why¦che tyme the vyntage that came frome Bur∣deux come ouer shoters hyll. ¶This yere was the counseyll of ara•• & a grete treate bytwene the kynge of Englonde and the kynge of Fraū¦ce where were assembled many grete lordes of bothe partyes. at whyche coūseyll was ossred to the kynge of Englonde grete thinges by the meane of a Legate that came fro Rome y^e why¦che

was Cardynall of saynt Crosse / whiche of ••res were refused by the Cardynal of Englon¦de and other lordes there were for the kynge. wherfore the duke of Burgoyn y^t whiche had ben ••onge Englysshe sworne forsoke our par∣tye & retorned Frensshe by the meane of the for¦sayd Legate. & made a peas with the Frensshe kynge reteyuynge of kynge for recompensyn∣ge of his faders deth the counte of Pon••ui / the lordshyp of Macon with moche other as is spe¦cyfyed in the sayd treaty. And so our embassa∣tours came home ayen in horse caas then they went out For they loste there the duke of Bur¦goyne whiche had ben with hys burgoynons and Pycardes a synguler helpe in all the con∣queste of Normandy & of Fraūce / This same yere was a grete batayl on the see bytwene the Ienewes & the kynge of Aragon of whiche ba∣tayll the Ienewes had the vyctory / for they to¦ke the kynge of Aragon the kyng of Nauerne & the grete mayster of saynt Iames in Galyce wyth thre hondred knyghtes & squyres & mo∣che other peple / & this was on saynt Domyny∣cus daye. And this same yere were seen thre so¦nes atones / & anone folowed the thre folde go¦uernaūce in the chirche / that is to wete of Eu¦genye of the coūseyll and of neutralyte. ¶Also this same yere a .M.CCCC.xxxiiii. was a pas¦synge grete wynde by whiche steples houses & trees were ouerthrowen About this tyme was an hooly mayde in Hollonde called Lyd wyth whiche lyned only by myracle not etynge ony mete. Thys yere the duke of Burgoyn began his ordre at Lyle of y^e gollden Fleys and ordey¦ned certayne knyghtes of the same ordre & ma¦de statutes & ordynaunces moche accordynge vnto the ordre of the garter. ¶Also this same yere the Frensshmen had enter prysed to haue stolen Calays in the fyssynge tyme / for many botes of Fraūce had safecondy••es to come to Calays for to take hetynge. And y^e soudyours of the towne had a custome to come to the chyr¦che dore / whiche staues the Frensshmen that were arayed lyke fysshers had purposed for to haue stolen theyr staues and wepen for to haue wonne so y^e towne. but one of them laye wyth a comune woman the nyght before / & he tolde to hyr theyr coūseyll / and she on the morne tol¦de it to the Lyuerenaunce whiche for the with alle commaunded that euery man sholde kepe hys wepen in his honde the sakerynge tyme & other. And whan the Frensshemen perceyued this y^t they were myspoynted they saylled steey¦ghte to Dere & stale & toke y^e towne. & on New yeres daye / af•• they toke Harslet· And thus the Englysshmē begā to lese a lytyll & lytyl in Nor¦mandye.

¶How Calays & Guynes were beseged by the duke of Burgoyne & how they were rescowed by the duke of Gloucestre.

THys yere was a greate noyse all Eng∣londe thrugh how the duke of Burgoy¦ne wolde come & besyege Calays / wherfore the erle of Mortayne with his armye that he had to haue go with hym into fraūce / was cōmaū∣ded & charged that he shold go to Calays / whi∣che was at that tyme well vytayled & manned for syr Iohn̄ Ratclyfe was Leuenetaunte of y^e towne for the kyng. And the baron of Dudlay Lyuetenaunt of the castell. ¶And the .ix. daye of Iulii the duke of Burgoyne. with all the po¦wer of Flaundres and moche other people ca∣me before Calays & sete his syege about y^e tow¦ne / and euery towne of Flaundres had theyr tentes by themselfe. And this syege endured ther were In the meane whyle y^e duke of Glou¦cestre beynge protectour of Englonde toke the moost parte of all the lordes of Englonde and went ouer the see to Calays for to rescowe the towne or for to fyght with the duke & his hoost yf they wolde haue byden The tyme London and euery good towne of Englonde sent ouer the see to his rescowe certayne peple well aray¦ed of the beste and chosen men for the warre. ¶And the seconde daye of August the forsayd duke of gloucestre aryued at Calays wyth all his army & .v. hondred shyppes & moo. ¶And the duke of Burgoyne & all his hoost that laye in the syege / as soone as they aspyed the sayles in y^e see before they approched Calays hauē so¦daynly in a mornynge departed frome the sye∣ge / leuynge behynde hym moche stuff and vy∣tayle & fledde in to Flaundres and Pycardye And in lykewyse dyde the syege that laye befor Guy••es where as they of Gwenes toke gre∣gonne of brasse called Dyg••on & many other grete gonnes & serpentes. And than whan the duke of Gloucere was aryued wyth hys host He wente in to Flaunders & there he was .xii. dayes & dyde bute lytell harme excepte that he brente two fayre vyllages Poperynge & Bell & other houses whyche were of no stronge buyl¦dynge & so he retorned home ayen· ¶And thys same yere the kyng of Scotlonde besyeged Ro¦kesburgh

with moche people. But syr Raufe graye departed frō the castell & ordeyned for a rescowe But as soone as y^e kynge of Scotlōde vnderstode hys departynge sodaynly he brake his syege & wēte his waye & lefte moche ordina¦unce behynde hym / where he gate hym no wor¦shyp· This same yere the seconde daye of Iany¦uer quene Katheryne the whiche was y^e kinges moder and wyf to kynge Hēry the fyfte deīed & departed out of this wolde & was brouht ryal¦ly thrugh Londō & soo to westm̄. & there she ly∣eth worshypfully buryed in oure ladyes chapel ¶And also this same yere the fourth day of Ia¦nyuer felle downe the gate wyth the tour on it on Londō brydge to warde South warde with two arches & al the stone theron ¶This same yere was a greate treate holdē bitwene Graue¦nynge Calays bytwene the kyng & the duke of Burgoyne / where was ī the kynges name the Cardynall of Englonde the duke of Norfolke and many other lordes / & for the duke of Bur¦goyne was the duchesse hauynge fulle power of hyr lorde as regnette and lady of hys londes where was taken by thaduyse of bothe party∣es an abstynence of warre for a certayn tyme in the name of the duchesse and not of the du∣ke by cause he had gone frome his othe and le∣gaunce that he had made to kynge Henry the fyfte therfore the kynge neuer wolde wryte ne appoynt ne haue to doo with hym after. but all in the duchesse name. ¶Also thys same yere quene Iane deyed the seconde day of Iule whi¦che had ben wyfe to Kynge Henry the fourthe and was caryed frome Bermondsey to Caun¦terbury where she lyeth buryed by kynge Hen¦ry her husbonde. This same yere deyed all the Lyons in the toure of London. the whiche had not ben seen many yeres before.

¶Howe Owen a squyre of wales that had wedded quene Katheryne was arested and of the scisme bytwene Eugenie & Felix.

IN the .xv. yere of kynge Henry the sixth deyed Sygysmondus Emperour of Al¦mayne and knyght of the garter / whos termē∣te the kynge kepte at saynt Poules in London tyally / where was made a ryall heerse / and the Kynge in his astate cladde in blewe was atte e∣uen at dyryge & on the morne at masse. &c. And after hym was electe and chosen Albert duke of Osteryk whiche had wedded Sygysmon∣dus doughter for to be Emperour. This man was takē & receyued to be Kynge of Beme and Vngary by cause of his wyf that was Sygys¦mondus doughter whiche left none other hey∣re after hym. This Alberte was Emperoure but one yere / for he was poysened & so deyed some saythe y^t he deyed of flix but he was a ver∣tuous mā & pytefull moche that all the peple y^e knew hym sayd that y^e world was not worthy to hauy his presence. ¶This same yere one Owē a squyre of wales a mē of low byrth why¦che had many a day befor secretly wedded que∣ne Kateryn / & had by hyr .iii. sones •• one dough¦ter / & he was takē & cōmaūded to Newgate to prysō by my lord of Gloucestre protectour of y^e reame. And this yere he brake the prysō by the meane of a preest y^t was his chapelayn & after was takē ayē by my lorde Bomōde & brought ayē to Newgate / & afterwarde deliuered at lar¦ge. And one of his sones afterwarde was ma••e erle of Rychemōde & an oth••r erle of Pēbroke & the thyrde a mōke of westm̄ whiche mōke d••y¦ed sone after. ¶This same yere also on Newe yeres daye at Bernardes Castell fell downe a stake of wode sodaynly at after none and slewe thre mē myschyfly & foule hurte other. ¶And at Bedforde on a shyresdai were xviii. mē mur¦dred without stroke by fallynge downe a stayr as they come out of the comune ••alle and mani¦foule hurte. ¶In the .xviii yere syr Rycharde Beauchāp y^e good erle of warwyke deyed atte Rone he beynge y^e tyme lyuetenate of the kīge in Normandye and frome thens his body was brought to warwyke where he lyeth worshyp∣fully in a newe chappel on the south syde of the quere. ¶And also this yere was a grete derth of corne thrughout all Englonde for a bussell of where was worth xl. pens in many places of Englonde. ¶And yet they myght not haue y¦noughe wherfore Steuen Browne that tyme Mayre of Londō sente into pruce and brough¦te to London certayn shyppes laden wyth rye whiche dyd moche good to the poore people. For corne was soo scarse in Englonde that in some places of Englonde poore people made them brede of fern rotes. ¶This yere y^e gene∣rall coūseyll of Basylyde posed Eugeny & they chose Felix whiche was duke of sauoy. & than began the scysme whiche endured vnto the ye∣re of our lorde .M.CCCC.xlvii. ¶This felix was a deuoute prynce & sawe his sones sone / And after lyued an holy lyfe. and was chosen

pope of the coūseyll of Bysyle & Eugeny depo¦sed. And so the scysme was longe tyme. & thys Felyx had but lyttll obedience by cause of the naturalyte. for the moost parte & wel nyghe al crystendome obeyed and reputed Eugeny for very pope of theym bothe. gor bothe occupyed duryng the lyf of Eugeny. This same yere syr Rychard whyche was vycarye of Hermettel∣worth was degrated of his preesthode at Pou¦les & brent at toure hylle as for an heretike on saynt Botulphus daye. how well att his deche he deyed a good Crysten man / wherfore after his dethe moche people come to the place whe¦re he was brēte and offred. and made an hepe of stones & set vp a crosse of tree & helde him for a saynt tyll the Mayre & shreues by the kyng{is} cōmaundement & of bysshappes dystroyed it & made there a doūge hylle. ¶And also this yere y^e shreues of London set out of saint Martins the graunte of the sent wary fyue {per}sones why¦che after warde were restored ayen to the sent∣wary by the kynges Iustices. ¶And after Al¦berte the thyrd. Frederyk was chosen Empe∣roure▪ This frederyk duke of Osteryk was lō∣ge Emperour & dyfferred to be crowned at Ro¦me by cause of the scysme. but after that vny∣te was had he was crowned wyth the Impery¦all dyademe wyth grete glorye and tryumphe of pope Nycholas the iiii. This was a peasy∣ble man. quyete. and of synguler pacience not hatyngethe chryche he wedded y^e kynges dou∣ghter of portyngale. ¶How y^e duchesse of Gloucestre was arested for trason & cōmytted to perpetuall pryson in y^e yle of Man. & of the dethe of mayster Roger Bolyngbrok.

IN this same yere Elynoure Cobham du¦chesse of Gloucestre was arested for cer¦tayne poyntes of treason layde ayen hir / wher¦vpon she was examynde in Saynt Stephens Chapell att westm̄ afore the Arche bysshop of Caunterbury. And there she was enioyned to do open penaunce to go thrughe the Chepe be∣ryng a taper in hir hande & after to perpetuall pryson in the yle of Man vnder the kepyng of syr thomas stanley. Also that same tyme was arested mayster Thomas southwell a chanō of westm̄ mayster Iohn̄ haue a chapelayne off the sayd lady. mayster Robert bolyngbroke a clerke vsyng Nygromancye. and one Marge¦ry iouroemayn called the which of Eye belyde westm̄. there were arested as for beynge of con̄¦seyl with the sayde duchesse of Gloucestre. and for mayster Thomas suthwel deyed in y^e tour y^e nyght before he sholde haue be reyned on the morowe. for he hymself sayd y^t he sholde deye in his bedde & not by Iustyces. ¶And in y^e .xx. ye∣re mayster Iohn̄ hume & mayster Roger bolyn¦gbrok were brought to y^e gylde halle in Londō. & there before y^e Mayre y^e lordes & chyef of Eng¦londe were reyned & dāpned bothe to be drawē & hanged & quartred but mayster Iohn̄ hume had his charter by y^e kyng. but mayster Roger was drawen to tyburn where he cōfessed y^t he deyed gyltles of this mater & neuer hadde trespa¦ced in that he deyed fore Notwithstondyng he was hāged heded & quartred whos soule god haue mercy Amē. ¶And margere iurdemayn was brent in smythfylde. & also this yere was a greate fraye in london ī flete strete by nyghte ty¦me bytwene mē of courte and men of london. And dyuerse mē slayne and some hurte. And o∣ne Herbotel was the chyef canser of the mysgo¦uernaūce & affraye. ¶Also this yere at the che∣synge of the mayre of / londō the comēs named Robert Clopton and Raulyn Holande talyor and the aldermē toke Robert clopton and brou¦ght hym att the ryght hande of the Mayre as custome is. And than certayn talyour•• and o∣ther h••de craftes men cryed nay nay not thys man but Raulyn holande wherfore y^e Mayre that was Padyslye sente theym that so cryed to Newgate where they abode a grete whyle & were punysshed· ¶In this yere were dyuerse enbassatours sente in to Guyon fro a marya∣ge for the kynge for the Erles doughter of Ar∣mynake that whiche was concluded. but by y^e meane of the erle of Suffolke it was lette & put a parte· ¶And after this the sayd erle of Suf¦folke wente hem self ouersee in Fraunce and there he trated the marynge bytwene the kinge of Englonde and the kynges doughter of Cy¦cyle and of Iherusalem / And the nexte yere yt was concluded fully that maryage. by whiche maryage the kynge sholde delyuer to hir fader the duke of Angeo and the erldome of Maynē whiche was the keye of Normandye / Thēne departed the erle of Suffolke wyth his wyfē & dyuerse lordes and knyghtes in the moste ryal astate that myght be oute of Englonde wyth newe chares & palfreys whiche wente thrugh the chepe and so wente ouer the see and recey∣ued hir and than after in the lenten broughte

hyr vnto Hamton where she lāded & there was ryally receyued. ¶And vpō Candelmas euen before by a grete tēpeste of thondre & lyghenyn¦ge at after none. Poules styple was set on fyre on the mydddes of y^e shaft in y^e tymbre. whyche was quenched by force of laboure And special¦ly by y^e morowe masse preeste of y^e Bowe in che¦pe whyche was thought impossyble sauf only the grace of god. ¶This yere was the erle of Stafforde made & create Duke of Bukynghm therle of werwykd of warwyk y^e erle of Dorset markys of Dorset & the erle was made Mark{is} of Soffolk.

¶How kynge Hēry wedded quene Margarete. & of her coronacyon.

THis yere kinge henry maryed at Suth¦wyk quene Margarete. & she came to lō¦don y^e .xxviii. day of may. And by the waye al y^e lordes of Englōde receyued hyr worshypfully in dyuerse places. And ī especiall duke of Glou¦cestre. & on the Blacke heth the Mayre with all the aldermē. & all the craftes in blewe gownes broudred wyth the deuyse of hys crafte. y^t they myght be knowen met with hyr with redde ho∣des & brought her to londō. where were dyuer∣se pagēris & countenaūce of dyuerse hystoryes shewed in dyuers places of the Cytie costely. ¶And the xxx. daye of May. the forsayd quene was crowned at westm̄ & ther was Iustes thre dayes durynge wythin the Sayntwary before y^e abbaye ¶This yere the pryour of Kylmain apeled therle of Vrmonde of treason. whyche had a daye to theym assygued for to fyght in Smythfelde. And the lystes were made & the felde dressed But whā it came to poynt. y^e king cōmaunded that they sholde not fyghte. but to∣ke the quarell in to his honde. And this was do¦ne at y^e Instāce & labours of certayne prechers & doctours of lōdon. as mayster Gylbert wor∣thyngton persone of saynt Andrewes in Hol∣bron. & other. ¶Also this yere came a grete em¦bassate in to Englonde out of fraūce. for to ha∣ue cōcluded a perpetual peas. but in cōclusyon it torned in to trewes for a yere ¶Aboute this time dyed saynt Bernardyne a gray frere whi¦che began the newe reformacyō of the ordre in many places in so moche. y^t they. that were re∣formed. bē called Obseruaūtes▪ whyche obser∣uauntes been gretly encreaced in Italy & in al¦mayn. this Bernardyn was canonysed by po¦pe Nycholas the .v. in the yere of our lorde .MCCCC.l. ¶Iohānes de Capristrano was his dysciple whiche profyted moche to the reforma¦cion of that ordre for god hathe shewed many a fayre myracle. ¶Also here is to be noted. that frome this tyme forwarde. kynge Hēry neuer profyted ne wente forwarde. but fortune begā to torne frome hym on all sydes. as well in fra∣unce Normandye. Guyon. as in Englonde. sō men holden oppynyon that kynge Henry gaue commyssyon preuarly to Syr Edwarde Hull syr Robert Roos / Deane of Saynt Senerynes and other / to cōclude a maryage for hym. with the Erle of Armynakes syster. whiche was pro¦mysed as it was sayde and cōcluded / and after broken / and he wedded quene Margarete as afore is sayde / and a full dere maryage for the reame of Englonde / for it was knowe verely / that for to haue hyr delyuerde was y^e duchy of Angeo & the erldom of Mayn whiche was the keye of Normandye for the frenssmē to entre / ¶And aboute this the sayde Markys of Suf¦folke axed in playne parlement· a fyftene and an half / for to fetche her out of fraūce. ¶Loo what a mariage was this as to the comparysō of that other maryage. For there sholde haue be delyuerde. so many castels and Townes in Guyon / and so moche golde sholde haue be ye∣uen with her / that alle Englonde sholde haue be therby enriched / but cōtrary wyse fell wher¦fore euery grete prynce ought to kepe hys pro∣myse / For bycause of brekynge of this promy¦se / & for maryage of quene Margarete. what losse hath the reame of Englond had / by lesyn¦ge of Normādye & Guyon / by dyuysyon in the reame / y^e rebellynge of comyns ayēst ther prin¦ce and lordes / what dyuysyon amoge y^e lordes what murdre and sleynge of theym / what fel∣des foughte & made / in conclusyon soo many y^t many a man hathe loste his lyfe / & in conclusy¦on the kynge deposed. & the quene wyth her soo¦ne fayne to fle into Scotlōde / & from thens in to Fraūce. & so to Loreyne / the place that she ca¦me fyrst fro. many mē deme that the brekynge¦ge of the kynges promyse to the systyr of the er∣le of Armynack / was cause of his greate losse & aduersy••e.

¶How the duke of Gloucestre the kynges vncle was arested at the parlyament of Bu¦ry / and of hys dethe / & how Angeo in Mayn was delyueredd.

IN the .xxvi. yere of kynge Henry was a parlyament at Bury. called Saynt Ed¦mondes

bury / abowte whiche was cōmaun∣ded all the comyns of the countre to be there / ī their moste beste defensyable araye. for to way¦te vpon the kynge / To whiche parlyament ca¦me the duke of Gloucestre. Vmfry the kynges vncle whiche hadde be protectoure of Englō∣de all the noneage of the kynge. And anone af∣ter as he was in hys lodgynge he was arested by the Vycoūte Beaumont the Conestable of Englonde / whome accompanyed the duke of Bukyngham / and many other lordes. ¶And for the wyth all his seruauntes were cōmaun¦ded to departe frome hym And xlii. of the chief of theym were arested. and sente to dyuerse pri¦sons. And anone after this sayd areste the say¦de duke was on y^e morowe deed. on whos sou∣le god haue mercy. but how he dyed & in what maner the certente is not knowe. Some saye he deyed for sorowe some said he was murdred bytwene two federbedd{is}. some sayd y^t a spytte was put in his fūdamente. But how he deyed god knoweth. to whome no thynge in hydde. & then whan he was deede he was layde open y^t all men myght hym se· And soo bothe lordes & knyghtes of the shyre wyth Burgeys. came & sawe hym lye dede. but woūde ne token coude they not perceyue how he dyde Here may men marke what this worlde is ¶This duke was a noble man & a grete clerke. & ruled worshyp∣fully y^e reame to the kinges behoue. and neuer cowde be foūde fawte to him. but enuye of thē y^t were gouernours & had promysed the duchy of Angeo & the erldome of myan. caused y^e dy∣struction of this noble man. For they dradde y^t he wolde empeshed y^e delyueraunce. And after they sente his boody to saint Albons wyth cer∣tayn lyghtes. for to be buryed. And so syr Ger¦auys of Clyfton had then y^e charge for to con¦ueye y^e corps. And so it was buryed at Saynt Albons in the abbaye. And fyue {per}sones of hys housholde were sente to london / & there were they reyned. & Iugyd to be drawen. & hanged. & also quarered. Of whome the names were / syr roger chamberlayne knyght. & one mydel¦ton a squyre. & Richard denham· whiche v. {per}∣sones were draw fro y^e toure of london thrugh Chepe to tyborn· & there lete done quycke and them striped to haue be heded & quartred & then y^e marqueys of Suffolke shewed there for thez y^e kyng{is} {per}don vnder his grete seale. & soo they were {per}doned of the remenaūce of all y^e other ex¦ecusyon & had theyr lyues. & so they were brou¦ght ayē to lōdon. & after freely delyuered Thus begā trowble in this reame of Englonde. for y^e dethe of this noble duke of Gloucestre. & al the comyns of the reame begā for to murmure for it & were not cōtent· ¶And after y^e pope Euge¦ny was deed Nycholas the fyfte was elect po∣pe. this Nycholas was chose for Eugenye yet hangyng these sysmo notwithstondyng he gate the Obediēce of all crystē reames. For after he was electe & sacred pope certayne lordes of fra¦unce & of Englōde / were sente in to Sauoy to pope. felix. for to entreate hym to seasse of y^e pa¦pacye. And by the specyall laboure of saynt Io∣hānes. he sessed the seconde yere after the pope Nycholas was sacred. And the sayde. felix was made Legate of fraunce and Cardynal of Sa¦uoye· and he resygned the hole papacye to Ny¦cholas. And after lyued an holy lyf. & deyed an holy man. And as it is sayde almyghty god she¦wed myracles for hym. This was y^e .xxiii. scys∣me bytwene Eugeny and Felyx. & dured .xvi. yere. ¶The cause was this. the generall coun¦seyll of Basyle deposed Eugeny / whyche was oonly pope and Indubytyte. for asmoche as he obserued not and kepte the decrees and statu∣tes of the counseyll of Constance as it is sayde before. Nether he rought not to yeue obedyen¦ce to the gener all counseyll in no maner wyse wherfore arose a grete alteracyon among wry¦ters of thes matere (pro et contra) whiche can not accorde vnto this daye / one partye sayth / that the counseyll is aboue the pope. And that other partye sayth nay. but the pope is aboue the counseyll. God blessed aboue all thynge ye¦ue and graunte his peas in holy chirche spou∣se of cryste amen. This nycholas was of Iene comen of lowe degree. a doctour of dyuynyte / An actyf man he Reedyfyed many places that were broken / & ruynous. and dyd make a wal¦le aboute the palays. and made the walle ne∣we abowte Rome for drede of the Turkis / & y^e people wondred and gretely merueylled of the ceasyng and resynyng of pope Felix to y^e pope Nycholas / cōsyderynge that Nicholas was a mā of so homely a byrth y^e other was of affyny¦te to all moste party of cristen prīces wherfore ther was a uerse publysshed. as is a fore sayde. ¶How syr ••raunsoys Aragonys toke Fogy∣ers in Normandye / and of the losse of Constā∣tynople by the Turke.

IN the yere of kynge Henry .xxvii. beyng trewes bytwene fraūce and Englond A knyght of y^e Englisshe partye named Syr Fra¦unces aragony toke a towne in Normādye na¦med Fogyese / ayēste the trewes / of whyche ta∣kynge begā moche sorowe & losse for thys was the occasyō / by the whiche the frenssmmē gate all Normandye. ¶Aboute this tyme the Cyte of Cōstantynople / whiche was the emperial cy¦tye in all Grece / was takē by the turkes▪ Infy¦dels whiche was bytrayde as some holde oppy¦nyō / And thēperoure taken & slayne. & the ryall chyrche of saynt Sophya robbed & dyspoyled. and the relyques and ymages and the rode dra¦wynge aboute the stretes / whiche was done in spyte of Crysten fayth and sone after all crystē fayth in Grece perysshed and cessyd There we¦re many Crysten mē slayne. and innumerable solde and put in captyuyte. ¶By the takynge of this towne. the Turke gretly was enhaūced in pryde. and a grete losse to all crystendome. ¶In the .xxviii. yere was a parlyament holdē at westm̄) & from thens adyourned to the blac∣ke freres at Londō / and after cristmas to west¦mynster ayen. ¶And this same yere Robert of Cane a man of westcountre wyth a fewe shyp∣pes comynge out of the bay. lade with salt whi¦che shyppes were of Pruce flandres Hollande and zelande / and brought theym to Hampton wherfore the marchauntes of Englonde be∣ynge in Flaundres were arested. in Brydges / Ipre and other places. and myghte not be dely¦uered / ne theyr dettes dyscharged / tyll they had made apoyntment for to raye y^e hurtes of shyp¦pes / whiche was payde by the Marchauntes of the staple euery peny. & in lyke wyse y^e Mar¦chauntes and goodes beynge in Dansyke / we¦re also arested / and made grete amendes This same yere the frensshmē in a mornyng toke by a trayne the towne of Pounte al Arche. & there in the lorde Fawconbrydge was taken pryso∣ner. And after that in Decembre Rone was ta¦ken & loste beynge therin syr Edmonde Duke of Somerset / & the Erle of Shrewesbury the whiche by a poyntement left pledges and loste all Normandye / and came home into Englon∣de. And duryng the sayde parlyamente. the du∣ke of Suffolke was arested. and sente in to the toure & there he was a moneth. & after the kyn∣ge dyd do fetche hym oute. for whiche cause all the comunes were in a greate rumoure / what for the delyueraunce of Aungeo & Mayne & af¦ter lesynge of all Normādye & in especcyall for the dethe of the good duke of Gloucestre / in so moche in some places mē gadred & made theȳ Capytayns. as blewberde & other / whyche we∣re take & put to dethe / And then the sayde parly¦amente adyounyd was to Leycetre. And theder the kynge brought with hym the duke of Suf∣folk. And whā the comyns vnderstode that he was oute of the Towre & comē thyder / they de¦syred for to haue execucyō on theym y^t were cau¦se of the delyueraūce of normādye / & hadde be¦cause of the deth of the duke of Gloucestre and hadde solde gascoyne and guyan / of the whiche they named too be gylty / The duke of Suffol∣ke as chyef. The lorde Saye the Bysshop of sa¦lysbury / dauyel & many mo. And for to please y^u comyns the duke. of Suffolke was exyled oute of Englonde for .v. yere. ¶And so duryng the parlyamēte he wente into Norfolke & there he toke his shyppyng / for to goo out of the reame of Englonde into fraunce / And this yere as he saylled on y^e see a shyppe of werre called Nycho¦las of the toure mette wyth his shyp and foun∣de hym therin whome they toke out. and brou∣ght hym in to theyr shyppe to the maystre & the capytayne / and there he was examyned and at the laste Iuged to deth And so they put hym in a caban and his chapylayne wyth hym for too shryue hym / And that done they brought hym into Douer rode / & set hym into the bote & smo∣te there of his heede / And broughte the body a londe vpō the sondes / and set the heede ther by And this was done the fyrst daye of May. Lo what auayled hym nowe all hys delyueraunce of Normandye / And here maye ye schow he was rewarded for the deth of the duke of Glou¦cestre / thus began sorowe vppon sorowe / and deth for dethe.

¶How this yere was Insurreccyon in Kē∣te of the comyns / of whome Iack Cade an Irysshe man was capytayne

THis yere of our lorde. M·cccc. & .l. was the grete grace of the Iubyle at Rome where was greete pardon. in so moche that frō all places in crystendome / grete multytude of people restorcyd thyder / And in this same yere was a grete assymble and gaderynge to gyder of the comyns of kente in to gret nombre. And made an Insurreccyon. and Rebelled ayenste the kynge and his lawes. And ordeyned them

a Capytayne called Iohān Cade an Iryshmā whiche named hymself Mortymer / cosyn to the duke of yorke / And this Capytayne helde theym togyder / and made ordynaūces among theym. and brought theym to the blacke hethe where he made a byl of pe••ycyons to the kyng and hys counseyll and shewed what Iniuryes oppressyons the poore comyns suffren & vnd coleur. for to come to hys aboue / and he hadde a grete maltytude of people. ¶And the .xxvii daye of Iune. y^e kynge and many lordes Capi¦tayns· and men of werre wente to warde hym to the blacke hethe· And whan the Capytayne of kent vnderstode the comynge of the kynge wyth so grete puyssaunce. he wythdrewe hym and his people to smok / a lytyll vyllage. And the .xxviii. day of Iune he beynge withdrawē and gone the kynge came with hys armye sett in ordre and enbatayl led to the blacke heth / & by aduys of his coūseyll. syr Vmffrey Staffor¦de squyre two valyaunt capytayns / wyth cer¦tayn people for to fyght wyth the capytayne & to take and bringe hym and hys accessaries to the kynge / whiche wente to Senok. ¶And y^e Capytayne wyth hys felshyp and mette wyth theym. & fought ayenst them. and in conclusy¦on slewe them bothe / and as many as abode & wolde not yelde thē were slayne.

¶Durīg this skyrmysshe. felle a grete variaū¦ce amonge the lordes men and comyn people beynge on blacke hathe ayenste theyr lordes & Capytayns / sayenge playnly / that they wolde go vnto the Capytayne of kente. to assyste and help hym / but yf they myght haue execucyon on the traytours beynge about y^e kynge wher to the kynge sayd nay. & they sayd playnly y^t y^e lorde Saye tresourer of Englōde. & the bisshop of Salysbury. & the baron of Dubby. y^e abbot of Gloucestre. Drnyel. & treuilō. & many mo were traytours. and worthy to bee dede wher¦fore for to plese the lordes meny & also some of the kynges hous: y^e lorde Saye was arested & sente to the toure of london. & then the kyng he ryuge tydynges of the dethe & ouer throwenge of the Staffordes he wythdrew hym to londō & frome thens to kelyng worthe / For the kyng ne the lordes durst not truste the towne hous∣holdemen. ¶Then after y^t the capytayne had hadde thys vyctorye vppon the Staffordes / anone he toke syr Vmfreys fallete &. hys bryn¦gantynes smyten ful of gylte na••les & also his•• gylte spo•• And arayed hym lyke a lorde & a capytayne & resorted with al his meny. and also moo thā he had before. to y^e blacke heth ayē To whome came the archebysshop of Caūterbury & the duke of Buckynghā to the blacke hethe & spake with hym. And as it was sayd they foun¦de hym wytty in his talkynge & his request. & so they departed. ¶And y^e thyrde day of Iuly he came & entred into London wyth al his people & there dyd make cryes in the Kynges name & in his name / that no man sholde robbe. ne take no maner goddes but yf he payed for it And ca¦me rydyng thorough y^e cyte ī grete pryde. & smo¦te his swerde vppō london stone in Canwycke strete. ¶And he beynge in the cyte / sēte to y^e tou¦re for to haue the lorde Say. And so they fette hym & brought hym to y^e yelde halle before. may¦re & chaldermen where that he was examyned And he sayd. he wolde & ought to be Iuged by his petys. And the comyns of Kent toke hym by force frō y^e mayre / & office•••• that kepte hym and toke hym to a prest to shrewe. hym. And or he myght be half shriuē / they broughte hym to the standerd in the chepe syde. and there smo∣te of his heed. on whos soule god haue mery. Amen. ¶And thus deyed the lorde Saye Tre¦sourer of Englonde. ¶And this they set his heed vpon a spere. & bare it all about the Cyte And the same daye about Myle ende: Cro∣mere was beheded. And the daye before at af∣ter none the Capytayne with certayne of hys men went to Philyp malpaus house & robbyd hym. and toke a waye moche good. And from thens he wen to saynt. Margaretes patens to one Gertis house. and robbyd hym. and toke away from hym moche good also Att whiche robbyng dyuerse men of London of thier ney¦ghbours were at· and toke part wyth theym / ¶For this robbyng the peples hertes felle fro¦me hym· And euery thryfty men was a ferde / for to be serued in lyke wyse. ¶For there was many a man in London. that a wayted & wol∣de fayn haue sene a comyn robbery whyche al¦myghty god forbyd. For it is to suppose yf he hadde not robbyd he myght haue goon ferre / or he had be wythstonde. for the kynge and all the lordes of the reame of Englonde were de∣parted except the lorde. Scalys that kept the toure of London And the fyfte daye of In•• he dyd do smyte of a mānys hede in south wer¦ke. And the nyght after the mayre of London with the Aldermen & the Comyns of the cyte••

concluded to dryue away the capytayne. & hys hooste And sent to the lorde Scales to y^e toure & to Mathegough a capytayne of Normādye y^t they wolde that nyght assayll the Capytayne with theym of kente. And so they dyd come to London brydge in such werke or the Capytay∣ne had ony knowlege therof & they fought with theym that kept the brydge And the kē••ysshmē wēt to harnes & came to the brydge & shote and foughte with thē & gate the bridge & made theȳ of Londō to flee & slewe many of theym. & thys endured all the nyght to & fro / tyll one of y^e cloc¦ke of the morowe. And at the laste they brente the drawe brydge. where many of theym of lon¦don were drowned. In the whiche nyght sat∣ton and alderman of Lōdon was slayn Roger heysaunte. Mathegough. & many other. And after this the chaunseler of Englonde sent to the Capytayne a pardon generalle for hym & an other for his meny and then they departyd fro such werke euery man to his owne hous / ¶And whā they were al departed & gone ther was proclamacyons made in Kente South sex & other places. that what man coude take the Capytayn quycke or deed. sholde haue a thousā¦de poūde. ¶And after this one Alexander ydē a squyer of kent toke hym in a gardē in suthsex And in takē Iohn̄ Cade capytayne was slayne and beheded. And his heed sette vpon London brydge. And anone after the kynge came in to kente / and dyd his Iustices sytte at Caunterbu¦ry / and enquyred who was causers & chyef cau¦se of this Insurreccyon. And there were .viii. mē Iugyd to the deth in one daye & in other pla¦ces mo And from thens the kynge went in to Southsex and in the weste countree where a ly¦tell before was slayne the bysshop of Salysbu∣ry. And this same yere there were so many Iu¦gyd to deth that thre hedes stode vppon Londō brydge atte ones.

¶Of the felde that the duke of yorke toke att Drenched in kent / & of the byrch of prynce Ed¦warde / & of the fyrste bataylle at Sayne Albōs where the duke of somerset was slayne.

IN the .xxx. yere of the kynge / the duke of yorke came out of the Marche of walys with therle of Deuenshyre & the lord Cobham and grete puyssaunce reformacyon of certayne Iniurys and wrōges / and also to haue Iustice vpon certayne lordes beynge about the kynge & toke a felde at Brentheth besyde Detford in Kente. whiche was a stronge felde for whyche cause the kinge wyth all his lordes went vnto blacke heth. wyth a grete and a stronge multy∣tude of peple armyd / and ordeyned for the war¦re in the beste wyse. And whan they hadde mu¦stre on the hethe / certayne lordes were tho sen∣te vnto hym. for to treate and make apointmēt with hym. whiche were the bysshop of Ely. the bysshop of wyncestre / therles of Salysbury & of warwyk / And they concluded that the duke of Somerset sholde be had to warde. and to an¦swere to suche artycles as y^e duke of yorke shol∣de put on hym And then the duke of yorke shold breke his felde / & come to y^e kyng. whiche was all promysed by the kynge. And soo the Kynge commaunded. that the duke of Somerset shol¦de he hadde in to warde. And then̄e the duke of yorke brake vp his felde and came to y^e kynge And whan he was come contrarye to the pro∣myse afore made / the duke of Somerset was presēte in the felde / awaytynge and cheyf abou¦te the kynge / And made the duke of yorke ryde before as a prysoner thrughe london. ¶And after they wolde haue put hym in holde. But a noyse arose that therle of Marche hys sone. was comynge with .x. thousande men to Lon¦don warde wherfore the kynge and hys coun∣seyll feryd / And then̄e they concluded that the duke of york sholde departe att his owen wyll. ¶Abowte this tyme began grete dyuylyon ne Spruce bytwene the greate mayster and the Knyghtes of the duchye ordre whyche were lor¦des of that coūtree. For the comyns & townes rebelled ayenst the lordes and made soo greate werre / y^e at y^e last they called the kyng of Pole to be theyr lorde / the whiche kynge came and was worshypfully receyued / And besyeged the castell / of Mar••engburgh / whiche was the che¦yf castell of strength of all the londe. An•• wa••¦ne it / & droue out the mayster of Da••ske •• and all other places of that londe & so they that had ben lordes many yeres. loste all theyr seygnou¦rye and possessyons in tho londes. ¶And in the yere of the Incarnacyon of oure lorde .M.CCCC.liii. on saynte Edwardes daye. quene. Margarete was delyuerde of a fayre prynce whyche named was Edward. That same day Iohan Norman was chosē for to be Mayer of London. And the daye that he sholde take hys othe att westmynster / he wente thyder by wa∣ter wyth alle the craftes / where afore tyme tho

mayer / alderme and the craftes rode on hors¦backe the whiche was neuer vsyd after. For syn that tyme they haue euer goon by water in botes and barges. ¶ye haue well vnderston∣de before how that contrary to the promyse of the kyng & also the conclusyons take bytwene the kynge & y^e duke of yorke att Brentheth the duke of Somerset went not to warde but abo¦de about the kynge / & had grete rule / And ano¦ne after he was made Capytayne of Calays. & ruled the kyng & his reame as he wolde / wher¦fore the grete lordes of the reame / & also y^e co∣myns were not pleased: For whyche cause the duke of yorke / the erle of warwyke / the erle of Salysbury with many knyghtes and squyres and moche other people came to remeue y^e say¦de duke of Somerset and other fro the kynge / And the kyng herynge of theyr comynge / thou¦ghte by hys coūseyll for to haue gone westwar∣de & not for to haue mette with them. And had with hym the duke of Somerset y^e duke of Bo¦kyngham the erle of Stafforde the erle of Nor¦thumberlonde \ the lorde Clyfforde / & many o∣ther. ¶And what tyme that the duke of yorke and his felyshyppe vnderstonde / that the kyng was departed wyth the lordes from London / anone he chaunged hys way / & costed the coū∣tre and came to saynt Albons the .xxiii. daye of May. & there mette with the kyng to whom the kyng sent certayne lordes / & desyred them to kepe the peas / and departe: But in conclu∣syon why••e they treated on that one syde / the erle of warwyk with the Marche men & other entred in to the twone on that other syde / and fought ayenst the kynge and his party / and so began the batayll and fyghtinge whiche endu¦red a greate whyle / But in conclusyon the du∣ke of yorke obteyned. and had the vyctory of y^e Iourneye / In whyche was slayne the duke of Somerset / the erle of Northumberlonde. the lorde Clyfforde. and many kynghtes and squy¦res / and many moo hurte / And on the morne after they brought the kynge in grete astate to London / whyche was lodged in the bysshops palays of London. And anone after was a gre¦te parlemēt at London / in whiche parlement the duke of yerke. was made protectour of En¦glōde / & the erle of warwyk Capytayne of Ca¦lays / the erle of Salysbury Chaunceler of En¦glonde. And all suche persones as had the rule before aboute the kynge were set a parte / and myght not rule as they dyd before. ¶And this same yere deyed pope Nycholas y^e fyfte. & after hym was Calixt the thyrde. This Calixt was a Catalane / & the actes of hym shal be shewed here after folowynge· ¶In this same yere fell a grete affraye in Lōdon ayēst the Lūbardes. the cause begā / bycause a yonge man toke a da¦ger frome a Lūbarde & brake it. wherfore the yōge mā on the morne was sēte fore to come be¦fore the Mayer & the aldermē & there for offēce He was cōmytted to warde. And thēne y^e may¦er departed fro the yelde halle / for to goo home to his dyner But in Chepe the yonge mē Mer¦cerye for the moost partye prentyses. helde the Mayre & the Shyrefs styl in Chepe. And wolde not suffre theym to departe / vnto the tyme that theyr felowe / whyche was commytted to war∣de / were delyuered / and so by force they resco∣wed theyr felowe from pryson. And that done the Mayre departed and the Shrefes also. and the prysoner deliuered. whiche yf he had be put to pryson. He had be in Ieoperdye of his lyfe. And thene began a rumoure in the cyte ayenst the Lōbardes. And the same euenynge y^e hond crafty men of the towne arose / and rāne to the Lumbardes houses and dyspoyled and robbed dyuers of them. wherfore the Mayre and the Aldermen came with the honest people of the cyte. And droue them thens / and sente some of theym that had stolen to Newgate. ¶And the yonge man was rescowed by his felowes / sa∣we this greate rumoure. affraye & robbed / en∣sewed / of hys fyrste meuynge to the Lumbar∣de / departyd and wente to westmynster to sa∣ynt wary. Or elles it hadde coste hym hys lyfe. For anone after came downe an Oyer deter∣myne. for to do Iustyce on all theym that so re¦belled in the Cytee ayenste the Lumbardes / On whyche satte wyth the Mayre that tyme wyllyam Marowe / the duke of Bokyngham And many other lordes / to se execucyon done / But the comynes of the Cytee secretely made them redy and dyde arme them in theyr how∣ses and were in purpoos to haue rongen the comyne belle / whiche is called bowe belle but they lete by syde men / whiche came to y^e know¦lege of the duke of Bokyngham and other lor∣des. ¶And in contynente they arose / for they durste noo lenger abyde / for they dowted that the hole Cyte sholde haue rysen ayenst theym. But yet neuerthels two or thre of the cyte we¦re

Iuged to dethe for this robbery / were han∣gyd at Tyborne ¶And anone after the kynge & the quene / & other lordes rode to Couētre and withdrewe theym fro London. for this cause. And a lytyll before the duke of yorke was sent for to grenewych. And there was dyschargyd of the protectourshyppe. And the erle of Salys¦bury of his Chaūchelershyppe. And after thys they were sente fore by preuy seale for to come to Couētre where they were almoost disceyued & the Erle of warwyke also and shold haue ben dystroyed yf they had not seen well to. ¶How the lorde Egremōde was take by y^e Erle of Sa¦lysbury sōes / & of y^e robbynge of Sandwytche

THis yere were taken four grete fysshes bytwene Ereth & london that one was called Mors Maryne / the seconde was a swer¦de fysshe & the other two were whalys. In this same yere / for certayne affrayes done ī the nor∣the coūtre bytwene lord Egremōde & the erle of Salysbury sones. y^e sayd lord Egremond whō they had cōdempned in a grete som̄e of money to y^e sayd Erle of Salysbury. & therfore he was cōmytted into pryson in Newegate in London where whan he had be a certayne space he bra¦ke the pryson / & thre prysoners with hym / & es¦caped & wēt his waye. Also this yere the erle of warwyk & his wyf wēt to Calays with a fayre felisshyp & toke possessyon of his offyce. about this tyme was grete reformacōn of many mo∣nesteryes of relygyō in dyuerse partyes of the worlde wiche were refourmed after the fyrst Instytutycyon and cōtynued in many places ¶This same yere was a greate batayll in the Marches bytwene the londe of Hūgry & Tur∣key. at a place is called Septedrad where Innu¦merable Turkes were slayne / more bi myracle than̄e by mānes honde / for oonly the honde of god smote theym / saynt Iohan of Capystrane was there presēce. & prouokyd the cristē people beynge thēne aferde for to pursue after y^e Tur¦kys where an Infynyte multytude were slayne & dystryed & the Turkys sayd / y^t a grete nōbre of armyd mē folowed thē that they were aferde to turne ayen & they were holy angelles. This same yere the prysoners of Newgate in Londō brake theyr pryson / & went vpon the sedes and fought ayēst theym of the Cytee / & kepe the ga¦te a longe whyle / But att the laste the towne ga¦te the pryson be theym. And then̄e they were so¦re punysshed in ensample of other. ¶In this yere also there was a grete erthquake in Na∣ples / in so moche that there perysshed .xl. thou∣sande people that sanke there in to the erthe. ¶Also in the .xxxvi. yere saynt Osmonde sōty¦me bysshop of Salysbury was canonysed att Rome by pope Calyst. & the .x daye of Iuly he was translated at Salysbury by the bisshop of Caūterbury & many other bysshoppes. ¶And in August after syr Pers de brasay seneschal of normādye / with the Capytayne of Depe & ma¦ny other Capytayns / and mē of werre went to thee see with a greate Nauy. and into the dow¦nes by nyght. And on the more erly before day they londed at Sandwytche / bothe bi lōde and water / and toke the towne / and ryfled & dispoy¦led it / And toke many prysoners. and lefte the towne all bare / whyche was a ryche place and moche good therin / And ladde wyth them ma¦ny ryche prysoners / In this same yere in ma∣ny places of Fraunce Almayne / Flaunders Holonde and zeelonde / chyldren gadred theym togyder by greate companyes / For to goo on pylgrymage to saynt Myghels moūte in Nor¦mādye / whiche came fro ferre coūtrees wher¦of the people merueyled. And many supposed that some wyckyd spyryte meued them to doo so. but it dured not longe by cause of the longe waye and also for lac / of vytaylle as they wen¦te. ¶In this yere Reynolde Pecok bysshop of Chestre / was founde an herytyke / and the thyr¦de day of Decembre was endu••ed at Lambeth in presence of the Archebysshop of Caunter∣bury and many other bysshoppes doctours & lordes temporall / and h••s bokes brent att Pou¦les crosse. ¶And ye haue herde before how cer¦tayne lordes were slayne atte Saynt Albons / wherfore was alwaye a grutchynge / & wrath hadde by the heyres of them that soo were slay∣ne ayenst the duke of yorke / the Erles of wa••∣wyk and of Salysbury / wherfore the kyng by the aduys of his counseyll sente for theym vn∣to London to whyche place the duke of yorke came the .xxvi. daye of Ianueri with four hon¦derd men and lodged hym atte Baynerdes ca¦stell in hys owne place. ¶And the .iv. daye of Ianuer came the erle of Salysbury with fyue hundred men and was lodged in therber of his owne place. ¶And then̄e came the duke of Ex¦cetre and of Somerset with .viii.C. men / and laye withoute temple barre. ¶And the erle of Northumberlonde / and the lorde Egremonde

the lorde Clyfforde wyth .xv. hundred men / & lodged without the towne. ¶And the Mayer that tyme Geffraye Boloyne / kept grete wat∣che with the comyns of the cyte / & rode about the cytee by Holborne and Fletestrete / with a .v. thousand men well arayed and armyd. for to kepe the peas / ¶And the .xiiii. daye of Feue¦rer the erle of warwyke came to London / fro Calays well beseen and worshypfully with .v hundred men In red Iakettes broudred wyth a ragged staffe behynde & before. and was lod∣ged at the graye freres / ¶And the .xv. daye of Marche the kynge came to London and the quene. And ther was accorded and peas made amonge the lordes / and they were sette in pe∣as. And on our lady daye the xxv. daye of Mar¦che. in the yere of oure lorde .M.CCCC.lviii· the kynge & the quene & all the lordes went on processyon at Poules in London. & anone af∣ter the kyng & the lordes departed. & in this ye∣re was a grete fraye in Fletstrete bytwene mē of courte & men of the same strete. In whyche fayre the quenes Attourney was slayne

¶Howe the kynges housholde made a fraye ayenste the Erle of warwyke / and of the Iourneye at bloreheth.

ALso this same yere as the Erle of war∣wyk was at counseyll at westmynster alle the kynges housholde meny gadred them togyder / for to haue slayne the sayde erle. But by the helpe of god & his frendes he recouered his barge / and escapyd theyr euyll enterpryse / how well the cokes came rennynge oute wyth spytes and pestels ayneh hym. And the same daye he rode to wardes werwyk and soone af∣ter he gate hym a commyssyon / and went ouer the see to warde Calays. ¶Soone after thys therle of Salysbury comynge to Lōdon / was encoūtred at Bloreheth which the lord Audley. And moche other people ordeyned to dystroy hym But he hauynge knowlege that he shold be met wyth was accōpanyed with hys two so¦nes syr Thomas & syr Iohn̄ Neuell / & a grete felyshyp of goodmen. And so they faught togy¦der / where the erle of Salysbury wanne y^e fel∣de / And the lorde Audley was slayne / & many gentylmen of Chesshyre. & moche people hurt And the erles two sones were hurte. & goynge homewarde afterwarde they were taken / and hadde to Chestre by the quenes menye. ¶After Calixt Pius was pope / & was chase this yere .M.CCCC.lvlii· & he was callyd be∣fore Eneas an eloquēte man / & a poete laurea∣te. He was embassatour of y^e Emperours befo¦re tyme. And he wrote in y^e coūseyl of Basyle a noble treatyse for thactoryte of y^e same / Also he canonysed saynte Katheryne of Senys / Thys pope ordeyned grete Indulgēce & pardonne to theym that wolde go & werre ayēst the Turke / & wrote a pystle to the greate Turke / exhortyn∣ge hym to become Crysten. And in thend he or∣deyned a passage ayēst the Turke at Ankon. to whiche moche people drewe out all partyes of cristēdome / of the whiche people he sente many home ayen by cause they suffyced not / & anone after he dyed at the sayd Ankō / the yere of our lord .M.CCCC.lxiii. the .xiiii. daye of August.

¶How Andrewe Trollop & the souldyours of Calays forsoke y^e duke of yorke & theyr may¦ster therle of warwyk in the weste countre.

THe duke of yorke / the erles of warwyk and of Salysbury / sawe the gouernaū¦ce of the reame stode moost by the quene & hyr counseyll / & how the grete prynces of the londe were not callyd to counseyl but set a parte. and not only soo / but it was sayd thrugh the reame tho sayd lordes sholde be dystroyed as it open∣ly was shewed at Blorehethe by them y^t wolde haue slayne the erle of Salysbury. Thenne for sauacyon of theyr lyues / & also for the comyn¦wele of the reame thought for to remedy thyse thynges assembled them togyder with moche people / and toke a felde in the west countre to whiche the erle of warwyk came fro Calays / with many of the olde Souldeyours as Andrē¦we Trollop and other / in whose wysdome / as for y^e werre he trustyd moche vpon And whan they were thus assembled and made theyr fel∣de. the kynge sente out commyssyons & preuy seales vnto all the lordes of his reame to come and wayte on hym in theyr moost beste defen¦sable araye / And so euery man came in suche wyse. that the kynge was stronger / and hadde more▪ peple than the duke of yorke and therles of warwyk & of Salysbury. for it is here to be notyd that euery lorde in Englonde at this ty∣me / durst not dysobeye the quene / so she rulyd peasybly all that was done abowte the kynge whiche was a good and a well dysposed man. And thenne whan the kynge was come to the place where they were / the duke of yorke & hys felysshyp made theyr felde in the strongest wy¦se

/ & purposyd verely to abyde & haue fouʒte / But in the nyghte Andrewe Trollop & all the olde soudyours of Calays wyth a greate fely∣shyp / sodeynly departyd out of the dukes host. And wente strayte vnto the kynges felde / whe∣re they were receiued Ioyously. for they knewe thentent of thother lordes / & also the maner of theyr felde. And then the duke of yorke with the other lordes. seynge thē dysceued / toke a coun∣seylle shortly in that same nyght. & departed fro¦me the felde leuynge behynde thē the moost par¦tye of theyr people too kepe the felde tyl on the morowe / Then the duke of yorke with his secō¦de sone departyd thrugh wales towarde Irlon¦de / Leuynge his eldest sone the erle of Marche with the erles of werwyk & of Salysbury. whi¦che rode togyder wyth thre or foure persones strayght into Deuenshyre. & there by helpe & ay¦de of one Denham / gate a shyp whiche cost a .xi score nobles / & wyth the same shyp sayled fro thens in to Gernesey & there refresshed theym / & frome thens sayled to Calays. where they we¦re receyued in to the castel by y^e postern̄ / or they of y^e towne wyst of it / And the duke of yorke to¦ke shypynge in walys. & sayled ouer in to Irlon¦de where he was well receyued.

¶How the erles of Marche warwyk & of Salysbury entred in to Calays & how the er¦le of warwyk wence in to Irlonde.

THen kynge Henry wyth his host in the felde / not knowynge of this sodeyne de¦partynge / on the morowe foūde none in the fel¦de of the sayd lordes. sent out in all the hast mē for to folowe and pursue after to take thē / but they mette not with thē as god wolde. And thē the kynge wēt to Ludlowe & dyspoyled y^e castel & the towne. And sēte the duchesse of yorke and hyr chyldrē to the duchesse of Bokyngham hyr syster / where she was kepte longe tyme after / And forth with the kynge ordeyned the duke of Somerset / to be Capytayne of Calays & thyse of other lordes so departed / as afore is sayd. we¦re preclamyd rebelles & grete traytours. Then the duke of Somerset tooke to hym al the sou∣dyours that departed fro the felde and made hȳ redy in all the haste / for to go to Calays. & take possessyon of his offyce / And whan he came he founde therle of warwyk therin as Capytayne & the erles of Marche & of Salysbury also / and then̄e he londed by Scalys & wēt to gyues and there he was receyued / And it fortuned that so∣me of tho shyppes that came ouer with hym. ca¦me in to Calays hauē by theyr fre wyll / for the shypmē ought more fauour to the erle of war∣wyk thā to the duke of Somerset / & in whyche shyppes were take dyuerse mē / as Ienyn Fyn∣kyll Iohan felowe Kaylles & Purser / whiche were beheded soone after in Calays. and after this came mē dayly ouer y^e see to thyse lordes to calays / & began for to wexe strōger. & they boro¦wed moche gode of the Staple / & on that other syde the duke of Somerset beynge in Gynes ga¦te people to hym whiche came out and scarmy∣sshed with theym of Calays / & they of Calays with the whiche endured many daies ••ucyng moche people came ouer dayly vnto thise lordes ¶Thē on a tyme by thaduys and coūseylle of the lordes att Calays sente ouer mayster Den∣ham with a greate felyshyp to Sandwhyche / whiche tooke the towne & therin the lorde Ry∣uers & the lorde S••alys his sone / & toke many shyppes in the hauen / and broughte them all to calays wyth whiche shyppes many maryners of ther fre wyl / came to calays / to serue the Er¦le of warwyk. And after the Erle of warwyke by the aduys of the lordes. tooke all his shyppes and manned theym well and saylled hymselfe in to Irlonde. for to speke wyth the duke of yor¦ke / and tooke his aduys how they sholde entre in to Englonde. And whan that he had be the∣re and done hys erandes / he retorned ayen to∣wardes Calays / and broughte with hym his moder the countesse of Salysbury. And comyn¦ge in the west countree on y^e see the duke of Ex¦cetre Admyral of Englond beynge in the grace of du. accōpanyed with many shypp{is} of warre met with y^e erle of warwyk & hys flete. but they faught not for the substaūce of y^e peple beynge with the duke of Excetre. ought better wyll & fauour to y^e erle of warwyk thā to hym / & they departed and came to calays in sauf••e. ¶Thē the kynges coūseyll seynge y^t thyse lord{is} had go¦ten those shyppes fro Sandwytche. & taken the lorde Ryuers & his sone ordeyned a garyson at Sandwytche to abyde & kepe the towne. & ma∣de one moūtforde capitayne of y^e towne / & that no man vytayll / ne marchaūt. y^t shold go to fla¦unders / shold go to calays. Thē they of calays seyenge this made Denham / & many other to go to Sandwytche & assayled y^e towne by lon¦de & by water & gate ix. And brought the Capy¦tayne ouer see and smote of hys heed / And yet

〈1 page duplicate〉〈1 page duplicate〉

〈1 page duplicate〉〈1 page duplicate〉

daylymen came ouer to theim fro all partyes.

¶How the Erle of Marche & of warwyke and of Salysbury entred in to Englōd & of y^e feld of Northāptō where dyuerse lordes were slayne.

ANd after thys the forsayd erles of mar¦che warwyke & Salysbury came ouer to Douer with moche people & there londed to whome all the coūtre drewe & came to Lōdon all armyd / and for to lete lordes of the kynges counsell knowe theyr truth & also theyr enten¦te / assembled theym. and tolde them / that they entended no harme to y^e kynges persone / sauf that they wolde put from hym suche persones as were aboute hym. And soo departed frome London wyth a greate puyssaunce towarde Northampton / where the kynge was accom∣panyed with many lordes / and made a stron∣ge felde withoute the towne / And there bothe partyes met. and was fought a greate batayll In whyche batayll were slayne the duke of bo∣kyngham & therle of Shrewesbury / y^e vycoūt Beamonde / the lorde Egremonde / and many other knyghtes and squyres / and othere also / and the kynge hymself was taken in the felde And after warde broughte to London / And a∣none after was a parlement at westm̄. duryng whyche parlyament y^e duke of yorke came out of Irlonde. wyth the Erle of Rutlande. rydyn¦ge wyth a grete felyshyp in to the palays / & co∣me in to the parlyament chambre & there toke the kynges place / and claymed the crowne as his propre enherytaunce and ryght and Caste forth in wryttynge his tytele. and also how he was ryghtfull heyre / wherfore was moche to do / but in conclusyon yt was appoynted / and concluded. that kinge Henry sholde regne and be kynge / durynge his natural lyfe For as mo¦che as he hadde be kynge so longe / & was pos¦sessyd & aft his dethe the duke of yorke shold be kynge / and hys heyers kynges after hym \ and forth with sholde be {pro}clamed heyre apparaūt and shold also be protector and regence of eng¦londe duryng y^e kynges lyfe wyth many other thyng{is} ordeyned in the same parliment and yf kynge Henry durynge hys lyfe / wence frome thys poyntement or ony artycle concludyd in the sayd paylyament he sholde be deposed / and the duke sholde take the crowne / and be kynge all whyche thynges were enacted by thaucto∣ryte of the same / at whiche parlyament the co¦myn•• of the reame beyng assembled in the co∣myn hons / cōmynyng and treatyng vpon the tytle of the forsayd duke of yorke / sodenly feldo¦ne the crowne. whiche henge thenne in the mid¦des of the sayde hous whiche is the frayter of y^e abbaye of westm̄. whiche was takē for a prodi¦ce or tokē. that the regne of kynge Henry was endyd ¶And also the crowne whiche stode on the hyghest toure of the styple in the castel of do¦uer / fell downe this same yere.

¶How the duke of yorke was slayne and of the felde of wakefelde. & of the seconde Iour¦neye at saynt albōs by y^e quenē & the prince.

BIcause the quene wyth the Prynce her sone / was in the northe and absent her fro the kynge. and obeyed not suche thyng{is} con¦cluded in the parlement / was ordeyned that y^e duke of yorke as {pro}tector / shold go north ward to brynge in the quene / & subdue suche as wol∣ne not obey / wyth whome wente the erle of sa∣lysbury. Syr Thomas Neuyll hys sone with moche people / And at wakefelde in Crystmas weke. they were ouerthrowe and slayne by lor∣des of the quenes party that is to wyte / the du¦ke of yorke was slayne. the erle of Rotlonde syr Thomas Neuyll. and many moo / & the Eerle of Salysbury was take and other· As Iohan horowe of london capytayne and Ruler of the fotmen and Haūson of hull whiche were brou¦ght to poūfret. and there be heeded / & there hee¦des sente to yorke / & sette vpon the yates / And thus was the noble prynce slayne / the duke off yorke / on whos soule god haue Mercy / & thys tyme therle of Marche beyng in Shorwesbu∣ry / herynge the deth of his fader / desyred ayde of the towne to auenge his faders dethe / & fro¦thens wente to walys. and at Candelmasse af¦ter he had a battayll at Martymers Crosse. a∣yenste therle of Penbroke & of wylshyre where the erle of marche had the vyctorye / Then the quene with those lordes of the north after that they had dystressyd and slayne the duke of yor∣ke and his felysshyp. came south warde with a grete multytude of people / for too come to the kynge and defecte suche conclusyons as had be take before by the parlyamēt / ayenst whos comyng the duke of Northfolke. y^e erle of war¦wyeke. wyth moche people & ordynaunce / wen¦te to saynt albons. & ladde kynge Henry wyth theym / & there encoūtred to gyder in suche wy¦se, and faught so that the duke of Northfolke & Therle of werwyke / wyth many other of ther

party ••••edde & loste that Iourneye. where that kynge Hēry was takē with the quene & prynce Edwarde his sone. whiche two had got on that felde. The quene & hyr partye beynge at her a∣boue. sēte anone to Lōdon / whyche was on an Asshe wenesdaye the fyrst daye of lente for vy∣tayl. ¶For whiche the Mayre ordeyned bi tha¦duys of the aldermē y^e certen cartes lade wyth vytayll sholde be sente to saynt Albons to thē. & whā tho cartes came to Crepell yate / y^e comīs of the Cyte that kept y^e gate. toke the vytayles fro the cartes and wolde not suffre it to passe. Thēne were there certayn Aldermē & comyns apoynted too goo vnto bernet / to speke wyth y^e quenes cōseyll to entreate y^u the northren men sholde bee sente home ayen / in to theyr contree. for the cyte of London drad to be dyspoyled yf they had come. And duryng this treatyse / ty∣dynges came. that the erle of warwyk had met with the Erle of Marche on Cotteswolde co∣myng oute of walys wyth a greate menye of welsshemē and that they bothe were comynge vnto Lōdon warde / Anone as these tytynges were knowe. the tratyse was broke for the kyn¦ge / Quene Prynce / & the other lordes that we∣re with theym departed fro saynt Albōs north ward with al ther people / yet or they departed thens they beheeded that lorde Bonuyll & Syr Thomas Kryell. whiche were takē in the Iour¦ney done on shrewe toursdaye. ¶Thenne the Duchesse of yorke beyng at london. herynge of the losse of the felde of saynt Albons. sente ouer¦see hyr twoo yonge sones George & Rycharde / whiche wente to Vtrech. and Phylyp malpas a ryche marchaūt of Londō Thomas vaghan Squyre. mayster wyllyam Ha••clyf and many other / ferynge of the comynge of the quene to London / toke a shyp at Anwerpe to haue gone in to zelande / & on that other coste / were taken of one Colompne a Fransshman / a shyppe of werre. And he toke theym prysoners & brough∣te•• them in to fraunce / where they payed grete good for theyr raunson / and there was greate goode & rychesse in that shyppe.

¶Of the deposinge of kynge Hēry the sixte & how kynge Edwarde the fourth tooke pos¦sessyō▪ and of the batayll on Palm sondaye. and how he was crowned.

THen whan the Erle of warwyke hadde wette to gader on Cot••yswolde / in con¦tynent they concludyd to go to london. and sen¦te worde anone te y^e Mayre & to the Cytie that they wolde come / & anone y^e cytie was gladde of theyr comynge / hopynge to be releuyd bi thē & so they came too / london / & whā they were co¦me & had spoke with the lordes & estates beyn∣ge there. cōcluded for as moche as kynge Hēry was gone with thē north warde. that he hadde forfeyted his crowne & ought to be deposed ac∣cordyng vnto y^e actes made passyd in the laste parlemēt And so by the aduys of y^e lordes spyry¦tuall & tēporall / thenne beyng at london. the er of Marche Edwarde by the grace of god / eldest sone of the duke Rychard of yorke. As ryght∣full heyre. and nexte enherytour to his fader the fourth daye of Marche / the yere of our Lorde god .M.CCCC.lix. toke possessyon of the Rea¦me / at westm̄. in the chyrche of the abbaye and offred as a kynge wyth y^e ceptre ryall. To who¦me all the lordes spyrytuall and temporall dyd homage. as to theyr souerayn lorde and Kyng And forth wyth it was proclaymed thrugh the Cyte kynge Edwarde the fourthe by name / & anone after the Kynge rode in his ryalle estate north warde wyth all hys lordes to subdue his subyectis that tyme beynge in the northe. & for to auenge his faders deth. And on Palme son¦daye after he had a grete bataylle in the northe coūtree at a place called Towcon not fer from yorke / where wyth the helpe of god he gate the felde and hadde the vyctorye wher were slayn of his aduersaryes .xxx. thousāde mē and moo as it was sayde by theym that were there•• In whiche batayll was slayne the Erle of North thumberlande. the lorde Cly••••orde syr Iohan Neuyll the Erle of westmerlondes brother an∣drewe Trollop. and many knyghtes & squers ¶Thenne Kynge Henry that had be kyng •• be¦ynge wyth the quene and the prynce att yorke herynge the losse of that felde. And so moche pe¦ple slayne and ouerthrowe / anone forthe with departed all thre wyth the duke of Somerset the lorde Roos. and other towarde Scotlande And the nexte daye after kynge Edward with all his armye entred in to yorke / and was ther proclaymyd kynge and obeyed as he ought too be. And the Mayre and comyns swore to be his lyegemen. and whan they had taryed a whyle in the northe & that all the north and that al the north countree had torned to hym he retorned south warde. leuynge behynde hym the erle of werwyk in tho partyes to gouerne & rule that

countre And aboute Mydsomer after / the yere of our lorde .M.cccc.lx. & the fyrste yere of hys regne he was crowned att westm̄ / & anoynted kīge of englōde hauyng possessyō of al y^e reame

CAlyxtus y^e thyrde was pope after Nycho¦las thre yere & v. monethes. this Calyxte was an olde mā whā he was chose pope. & was cōtynually seke / ne he myght not fulfyll his de∣syre. which he entēded to do ayēst y^e turkys / for deth came vpō hym. & he was chose in y^e yere of our lord .M.cccc.lv. & he deyed y^e .vi. daye & he made y^e fyguracyō. also he canonysed saynt vī¦cēt / a frere precher / & ther was a grete reforma¦cyō of many monasteryes of y^e worlde / & those reformacyons were made many tymes. but all most none abode. but y^e retorned ayen home. by successyō of tyme / after y^e dethe of the worshyp¦full faders· y^e feste of the Transfiguracyō was ordeyned of Calyxt for y^e yefte of grace of y^e me¦rueylous vyctory done ayēst the Turke in Hū¦gary on saynt Syxtus day .M.CCCC.lvii. For there was a merueylous vyctory yeue to y^e Crystē mē in Hungary ayēst the greate Turke & there he loste many a mā & fledde shāfully for drede of enemyes. & noman folowed hym / but alone y^e hōde of god feryd y^e Turke & his hoost on saynt Calyxte daye saynt Iohn̄ de Caprys∣trano was there seen presēt. & he prouoked the people y^t were aferde to folow the mysbeleuīge Turkes & there fell a grete vēgeaūce on theym for the Turkes sayd / y^t there was so grete a nō¦bre of knyghtes that folowed thē. That vnne∣the they durste looke bacwarde. & therfore they fledde. & lefte al ther tresour behynde thē. & they were angelles that caused theym to flee. Nota

PRynters of bookes were myghtely mul¦typlyed in Maguncie. & thrughoute the worlde & there began fyrste· & there helde theyr craftes. & thys tyme myny mē begā to be more subtyll in craftes & swyterf thā euer they were afore

PIus the secōde was pope after Calyxt .vi. yere. Thys pius was chose ī y^e yere of our lorde .M.CCCC.lviii. & he was called Eneas an eloquēt man a grete oratour a laureate poete. and in the coūseyll of Basyle he wrote a noble tretyse for thattoryte of y^e same This mā desyred to haue a passage to the Tur¦ke & moche people of dyuerse countres came to Rome. & he yaue theym his blessynge and sente theym home ayē for they were not sufficiēt for the Turkes hoste & anone after he decessyd.

POules a venetiā was pope after Pyus vii. yere. This poule was chose in the ye yere of our lorde .M.cccc.lxiiii. And anone he halowed y^e feste of the presentacyō of our lady. as pius dyd This mā was a toughmā in ryght wysnes & he sayd it was bett to make fewe thin¦ges. and make them stedfastly than for to ma¦ke many. & sone reuoke thē. And he mad a grete pallays at saynt Markys and he decessed or he had ended it in y^e yere of our lorde M.cccc.lxxi. ¶Leodin̄ y^e londe of luke was oppressed with many trybulacyons. & after in the yere of our lorde .M.cccc.lxviii. vterly it was distroyed bi Carolū y^e duke of Bourgoyn. that whiche wed¦ded dame Margarete syster to kynge Edwar∣de the forth of Englonde. Also the same karolū entred in the londe of Gelder. and conquyred it hooly. The yere of grace also was chaunged by pope Poule for fauoure of mānys soule fro¦me .xxv. yere to .xxv. yere. And by case y^e cursyd¦nesse aboūded so sore. grea••e aboūded also sore.

SIxtus the fourth a Iohannes. & a frere minor was pope after paule. This mā was geneall in y^e ordre of y^e frere mynors or he was Cardynal. And he was chosē in y^e yere of our lorde .M.cccc.lxxi. And was called Frācis∣cus de Sanona. of good fame and vertuost He was chosē Cardynall wythout his Knowlege tyll he was made. & y^e same yere y^t he was chosē pope. The turke had takē fro me cristē mē two empyres. & four kyngdomes .xx. prouīces. and two hūdred cytyes· & had destroyed mē & wym∣mē without nōbre. And y^e meuyd the pope y^t he sholde dyspose hym to goo to wythstonde hym. And for an armye to be made ayenst the Turke y^e pope gaue grete Indulgentes of par¦don of y^e tresori of the cyrche vnto all crystē rea¦mes. y^t he myght ordeyne some tresore. to with∣stande y^e mysbeleued Turke. And in the lōde of Englonde / Iohn̄ abbot of Abyngdon was the popes legate. to dyspose this goodli tresoure. of y^e chyrche to euery feythful mā. y^t was disposed and that wolde able hym to receyue it.