The history of the parishes of Whiteford, and Holywell:

APPENDIX.

The Five Royal Tribes of Cambria, from the 'British Antiquities revived:' By ROBERT VAUGHAN, Esquire, of Hengwrt, in Merionethshire.

I.

GRYFFITH AP CYNAN, King of North Wales, is the first registered in our books. He was the grand-child of prince Jago ap Edwal, whose son Cynan was forced to fly into Ireland for safety, where he married Ranullt, daughter of Auloedd, king of Dublin, Man, and the Isles, and the relict of Mathganyn, king of Ulster, and had issue by her this Griffith.—* 1.1 He beareth gules, three lioncels passant in pale barry argent, armed azure.

DESCENDANTS EXTANT IN THE MALE LINE.

• WYNNES, of Pengwern, Merionethshire.

DESCENDANTS EXTINCT, OR IN THE FEMALE LINE.

• WYNNES, of Gwyd••, C••r••shire.
  • of Wynnsta••, D••shire.
  • of Bod••an, and ••e••dd••, Caernarvorshire.
  • of Convey, Caernarvonshire.
  • of Maes M•• D••ighshir••.
  • of Ystym••g••d.
  • of Clynenney, Caernarvonshire.
• LLOYD, of Rhiw••d••g, Merion••hshire, now Dolbe••.
• POWELL, of Penmachus, Caernarvonshire.
• DAVIES, of Tal-llyntardeni, Merionethshire.
• PRYSE, of Yscarweddan, Merionethshire.
• ANWYL, of Park.

II.

RHYS AP TEWDWR MAWR, (the second Royal Tribe) who took upon him the government of South Wales A. D. 1077. —Gules, a lion rampant o••, within a bordure indented.

DESCENDANTS EXTINCT, OR IN THE FEMALE LINE.

• WYNNES, of Dole Bachog.
  • of Llan Erfyl, Montgomeryshire.
• ST. OWEN AP GWILIM, of Tal-y-llyn, Merionethshire.
• WYNN, of Coed-llai, or Leeswood, Flintshire.
• OWEN, of Cefn Hafod.
• ...

• LLOYDS, of Pl••s uwch Cla••dd, Denbighshire.
• POWE••, of ••idio.
• EVANS, of Ire Gastell.
• JONES, of Hain.

III.

BLETHYN AP CYNFYN, (the third Royal Tribe) was King of North Wales, and Prince of Powys * 1.2. And after the death of Meredith ap Owain ap Edwyn, (prince of South Wales) he became King of all Wales.—Or, a lion rampant gules, armed and langued or.

DESCENDANTS EXTANT IN THE MALE LINE † 1.3.

• KYNASTON, of Hardwick, Shropshire.
• VAUGHANS, of Golden Grove, Caermarthenshire.
• LLOYD, of Cwm-bychan, Merionethshire.
  • of Blaen Glynn, Merionethshire.

DESCENDANTS EXTINCT, OR IN THE FEMALE LINE.

• KYNASTONS, of Hordley.
  • of Ottley.
• ...

• K••ONS, of Morton.
  • of Llwyn-y-Mapsis.
  • of P••rt-y-Byrsley.
• WILLIAMS, of H••mbroke, Huntingdonshire, of whom Cromwell, the Protector.
• NANNEYS, of Nanney, Merienethshire.
• MAURICES, of Ll••ran, Shrepshire.
• KYFFINS, of Bodfach, Montgomeryshire.
  • of Ma••nan, Caernarvonshire.
  • of Glasgoed, Shropshire.
• TANATS, of Abertanat, Montgomeryshire.
• MEREDYDD, of Glantanat, Montgomeryshire.
• POWELS, of Whittington, Shropshire.
• JONES, of Treweithian.
• MAESMOR, of Maesmor, Denbighshire.
• HUGHES, of Gwerclas, Merionethshire.

IV.

ETHELYSTAN GLODRYDD, (the fourth Royal Tribe) Prince of the * 1.4 country between Wye and Severn. He was the son of Cyhelyn ap Ifor, by Rhiengar, the daughter and heir of Gronw ap Tudor Trevor, from whom he had derived to him the title of the earldom of Hereford. Athelstan, King of England, was his god-father.—Ethelystan, (or, as he is sometimes called,

Elystan) b••e two coats quartered, azure, three 〈◊〉〈◊〉 heads caboched sable, langued gules, tusked or. His mother's 〈◊〉〈◊〉, parted per bend sinister ermine and ermines; over all a lion rampant or.

DESCENDANT EXTANT IN THE MALE LINE.

• CLYN, of Clyn, Shropshire.

DESCENDANTS EXTINCT, OR IN THE FEMALE LINE.

• PRICES, of Cery, Montgomeryshire.
  • of Bodfach, Montgomeryshire.
  • of Newtown, Montgomeryshire.
  • of Penarth.
  • of Park.
  • of Pilale, Radnorshire.
  • of Llanbister.
• OLIVERS, of Nevoddwen,
  • of Llangyniw.
• LLOYDS, of Cery, Montgomeryshire.
  • of Mochdre.
• WYNNS, of Gellidywyll.
  • of Llanfendigedd.
• OWEN, of Rhiw Saeson, Montgomeryshire.
• PHILIPS, of Llan Ddewi.
• VAUGHANS, of Bugeildy.
  • of Pant-y-Garreg.
• MEREDYDD, of Llanasan.
• OWEN, of Morbend.
• MORRIS, of Cery, Montgomeryshire.
• ...

• JAMES, of Croesgynan, Montgomeryshire.
• MATTHEWS, of Bl••dwell, Shropshire.
  • of Mochdre.
• POWELL * 1.5, of W••yn and Ednop, Shropshire.

V.

JESTYN AP GWRGANT, (the fifth Royal Tribe) was Prince or Lord of Glamorgan; he descended from Tewdrie, King of Gwent, in King Arthur's time. He lost his country to Robert Fitzhamon, and his twelve knights; whom by the pro|curement of Einion ap Cadisor ap Collwyn, he had hired to come with an army to assist him against Rhys ap Tewdwr, Prince of South Wales, and Blethyn ap Maenyrch, Lord of Brecknock. As a judgment upon him, for his disloyalty to the said Rhys, his sovereign, God was pleased suddenly to punish treachery with treachery.

Rhys and Blethyn, after a very bloody battle † 1.6 (not far from Brecknock) were slain in the field.—Gules, three cheveronels in pale argent.

DESCENDANTS EXTANT IN THE MALE LINE.

• WILLIAMS * 1.7, of Tame. Earl of Abingdon.
• NEWTONS, of Heathley.
• JONES, of Craflwyn, Caernarvonshire.
  • of Dôl in Edeirnion, Merionethshire.
  • of Dôl-y-Môch, Merionethshire.
• MYTTLEY, of Myttley.

PRINCE Griffith ap Cynan, Rhys ap Tewdwr, and Blethyn ap Cynfyn, made diligent search for the arms, ensignes, and pede|grees of their ancestors, the nobility and kings of the Britons. What they discovered by their pains, in any papers and records, was afterwards, by the bards, digested and put into books. And they ordained five royal tribes, (there being only three before) from whom their posterity to this day can derive themselves: and also fifteen special tribes, of whom the gentry of North Wales are, for the most part, descended. And in our books we have mention of the tribe of March, &c. besides other tribes called Gwehelyth, and Gwehelaethau.

The Fifteen Tribes of North Wales; from a 〈◊〉〈◊〉. in the Possession of the Reverend L. Owen.

I.

HWFA * 1.8 AP CYNDDELW (the first of the fifteen tribes) lived in the time of Owain Gwynedd, Prince of North Wales. Some books of pedegrees allege that he was steward to the said Prince † 1.9. His office, by inheritance, was to bear the Prince's coronet, and to put it upon his head when the Bishop of Bangor anointed him, (as Nicholas, Bishop of Bangor, affirmeth). His house, I believe, was Presaddsed, in Anglesey. What lordships he had besides that, are mentioned, in the Extent of North Wales, to be divided among his five sons, viz. Methu|salem, Cysnerth, Jeuan, Jorwerth, and Blettrws. Many of the gentlemen of Anglesey hold lands from him by lineal descent, but who his heir is, I know not. Sir Howel-y-Pedolau ‡ 1.10 was a fa|mous man in his time, and descended from him, being the son of Griffith ap Jorwerth ap Meredydd ap Methusalem ap Hwfa ap Cynddelw. Sir Howel's mother was King Edward the Second's

[figure]

〈…〉〈…〉 OF NORTH WALES

nurse; and he being the King's foster-brother, was in great fa|vor with him, who knighted him. He was a very strong man, insomuch that he could break or straiten horse-shoes with his hands.—His arms he beareth gules between three lioncels rampant, a cheveron or.

DESCENDANTS EXTANT IN THE MALE LINE.

• OWEN, of Bodeon, Anglesey; and Orielton, Pembrokeshire,
  • of Penrhos, Montgomeryshire.

DESCENDANTS EXTINCT, OR IN THE FEMALE LINE.

• WILLIAMS, of Llanbeder.
• BOULD, of Tre'r Ddôl.
• OWEN, of Porkinton, Shropshire.
  • of Llanvaethley.
• MORRIS, of Tre Jorwerth.
• WYNNES, of Bodychen, Anglesey.
  • of Bodowyr, Anglesey.
• GRIFFITHS, of Chwaen, Anglesey.
• LEWIS, of Presaddfed, Anglesey.

II.

* 1.11 LLOWARCH AP BRAN, (the second of the fifteen tribes) lived in the time of Owain Gwynedd, and was the Prince's bro|ther-in-law, for both their wives were sisters, the daughters of

Grono ap Owain ap Edwyn, Lord of Tegaingle, (as Griffith Hirae|thog, and Sir Thomas ap Jevan ap Dei••ws, and also an old parch|ment MS. written about four hundred years ago, do testify.) What office he bore under the Prince, I do not know. Some say he was Owain's steward, as in a book of Sir Thomas ap Williams of Trefri••, I found. I believe he dwelled in the township which from him is called Tref Llowarch, which hath in it Caer Gybi, (or Holyhead) and three parcels of land, bearing the name of his three sons, viz. Gwely Jorwerth ap Llowarch, Gwely Cadwgan ap Llowarch, and Gwely Madoc ap Llowarch, as in the Extent of North Wales is manifest. He had a grand-child by his son Jerwerth, called Meredydd, who, for his good services, had the freehold of the township of Eskyniok given him and his heirs for ever, by Prince Llewelyn ap Jerwerth; whose posterity, viz. Jeuan * 1.12 Wyddel, and Tudur ap Howel ap Tudur, held the same by the grant aforesaid, in the twenty-sixth year of King Edward the Third, as is to be seen in the Extent Book of North Wales. Jeuan Wyddel's mother was the daughter of the Lord Cywchwr in Ireland, descended of the Earl of Kildare, of whom the gentlemen of Mosoglen, Bodowyr, Porthamal, and many others are descended.—He beareth argent, between three crows with er|mine in their bills, a cheveron sable.

DESCENDANTS EXTINCT, OR IN THE FEMALE LINE.

• LLOYDS, of Rhiwgoch, Merionethshire.
  • of Maes-y-Neuoedd, Merionethshire.
  • of Hendre 'r Mûr, Merionethshire.
• ...

• LLOYDS, of Bryn Hir.
  • of Coed-y-Rhygyn.
  • of Llandecwyn.
  • of Cefnfaes.
  • of Cae Adda.
• WYNN, of Mosoglen.
• PRICE, of Bodowyr, Anglesey.
• PARRY, of Bodafon, Anglesey.
• GRIFFITH, of Celynnog fawr, Caernarvonshire.
• MEREDYDD, of Monachdy Gwyn.
  • of Hafod Lwyfog.
  • of Porthamal.
• OWEN, of Ruthin, Denbighshire.

III.

GWEIRYDD AP RHYS GOCH, of the hundred of Tal-Ebolion in Anglesey. He dwelt at Caerdegog, the hamlets and tenements whereof bear the names of his children and grand|children, as Gwely Madoc ap Gweirydd, Gwely Llowarch ap Gweirydd, Gwely Howel ap Gweirydd, and Gwely Meuric ap Gweirydd, whose great grand-child Howel ap Jeuan ap Ednyfed ap Meuric ap Gweirydd, enjoyed Gwely Meuric, in the twenty-sixth year of Edward III.—* 1.13 He beareth argent on a bend sable,

three lions' heads caboched of the first. He lived in the time of Owain Gwynedd, and of his son David ap Owain.

DESCENDANT EXTANT IN THE MALE LINE.

• FOULKES, of Gwernygron, Flintshire.

DESCENDANTS EXTINCT, OR IN THE FEMALE LINE.

• LLOYD, of Gwaredog, Anglesey.
• WYNN, of Bodewryd, Anglesey.
• HUGHES, of Beaumaris, Anglesey.

IV.

CILMIN TROED-DU * 1.14 lived in the time of Merfyn Frych † 1.15, King of Man, being his brother's son, with whom he came from the north of Britain, when Merfyn married Esyllt, the daughter and heir of Conan Tindaethwy, king of the Britons. What of|fices he bore, I have not been able to find out. His posterity were wise and discreet men, in all their ages; and many of them were learned in the laws in the time of the kings and princes of Wales, and were judges; as Morgeneu ‡ 1.16 Ynad ap Gwrydr, and Cyfnerth his son, whose Law-Book is yet extant, fairly written on

parchment; Morgeneu Ynad ap Madoc; Morgan Ynad ap Meuric, and Madoc Gôch Ynad. Robert ap Meredydd ap Hwlkin Llwyd, a wise and couth gentleman, lived in the time of Henry the Seventh; and of him are descended the Glynns of Nanlley. His house, I believe, was Glynllifon, whence some of his descendants took the name of Glynn.—He beareth quarterly 1, argent, an eagle displayed with two heads sable; 2, argent, three fiery ragged sticks, gules; the 3d as the second; the 4th as the first. Over all, upon an escutcheon of pretence argent, a man's leg coupé a la cuisse, sable.

DESCENDANTS EXTANT IN THE MALE LINE.

• GLYNNS, of Hawarden Castle, Flintshire.
  • of London.
• HUGHES, of Bodryn.

DESCENDANTS EXTINCT, OR IN THE FEMALE LINE.

• GLYNNS, of Glynllifon, Caernarvonshire.
  • of Lleyar, Caernarvonshire.
  • of Nanlley, Caernarvonshire.

V.

COLLWYN AP TANGNO is said to be Lord of Efionydd Ardudwy, and part of Llŷn: and it is true, that his progeny have, and do to this day, possess and enjoy the greatest part of the said

country. His grand-children Asser, Meirion, and Gwgan, the sons of Merwydd ap Collwyn, lived in the beginning of Griffith ap Cynan's time, as by the Life * 1.17 of the said Griffith is manifest, whereby may be known what time Collwyn lived and flourished. It is said that he lived some time in Bronwen's tower at Harlech, calling the same town after his own name Caer-Collwyn. But his said grand-children, when Griffith ap Cynan challenged the principality of Wales, lived in Llŷn, as in the said book of his life is extant. His posterity were always the noblest and best men in Efionydd and Ardudwy, next to the princes and their issue. His heir, from eldest son to eldest son, is hard to be known, in regard that by the British laws every man's inheritance was to be divided among his children, and the youngest son had the principal house; whereby every one having an equal portion of his parent's land, his posterity was forgotten.—He beareth sable, between three flower-de-luces a cheveron argent.

SIR Howel-y-Fwyall † 1.18, descended of Collwyn, was a noble warrior, and was in the battle of Poictiers with the Black Prince, when the French King was taken prisoner: where, with his pole|ax, he behaved himself so valiantly, that the prince made him a knight, and allowed a mess of meat to be served before his ax or partizan for ever, to perpetuate the memory of his good ser|vice: which mess of meat, after his death, was carried down to be given to the poor for his soul's sake; and the said mess had eight yeoman-attendants found at the king's charge, which were

afterwards called Yeomen of the Crown, who had eight-pence a day of standing wages, and lasted to the beginning of the reign of Elizabeth: (as by the relation of Serjeant Roberts, of Hasod-y-Bŵch, near Wrexham, and Robert Turbridge, of Caerfallen, near Ruthin, esquire, is recorded in the history of the noble house of Gwydir, wherein you may find this relation more at large.) Besides, he had the constableship of the castle of Crickieth, where he kept house; and the rent of Dee-mills at Chester, for the term of his life. His father was Griffith ap Howel ap Meredydd ap Einion ap Gwrganen ap Merwydd ap Collwyn.— His arms * 1.19 were sable, between three flower-de-luces a pole-ax argent.

DESCENDANT EXTANT IN THE MALE LINE.

• WILLIAMS, of Aberarch, Caernarvonshire.

DESCENDANTS EXTINCT, OR IN THE FEMALE LINE.

• BODWRDA, of Bodwrda, Caernarvonshire.
• BODVELS, of Madryn, Caernarvonshire.
• JONES, of Castell March, Caernarvonshire.
• WYNN, of Pant-du.
  • of Pennardd.
  • of Bodsanan.
• ...

• WYNN, of Pen-y-Berth.
  • of Pen Coed.
• LLOYD, of Bodfan.
  • of Gardd.
  • of Dol-y-Penrhyn.
• RHYDDERCHS, of Tregaenan.
• VAUGHANS, of Plâs Hên, Caernarvonshire.
  • of Perkin, Merionethshire.
• OWEN, of Plâs-du, Merionethshire.
  • of Maentwrog, Merionethshire.
• ELLIS, of Ystymllyn, Caernarvonshire.

VI.

NEFYDD HARDD, of Nant Conwy, lived in the time of Owain Gwynedd, who gave Idwal his son to be fostered by him; but Nefydd, for what cause I know not, caused Dunawt his son to kill the young prince, at a place called of him Cwm Idwal. Wherefore Nefydd and his posterity were degraded, and of gen|tlemen were made bond-men of Nant Conwy. His son Rhûn, to expiate that foul murder, gave the lands whereon the church of Llanrwst was built, whose grand-child, (and Madoc Gôch ap Jor|werth ap Gwrgynon ap Cyfnerth, his son) were stewards to Llewelyn ap Jorwerth, Prince of Wales, (as Griffith Hiraethog says.) He dwelled at Crygnant, as I take it, near Llanrwst.—* 1.20 He beareth argent, three spears' heads imbrued, sable pointed upwards.

DESCENDANTS EXTINCT, OR IN THE FEMALE LINE.

• EVAN MORGAN * 1.21, of Gwibernant, Caernarvonshire.
• EVANS, of Llanrwst.
• DAVIES, of Coed-y-Mynydd.

VII.

MAELOC CRWM, of Llechwedd-isaf, and Creuddyn † 1.22, lived in the time of Prince David ap Owain Gwynedd, about the year of our Lord 1175, (as Sir Thomas ap Williams' book averreth). What offices he bore, I have not learned. The most famous men descended of him were, Sir Thomas Chaloner, and others of that name, descended of David Chaloner, of Denbigh, whose ancestor Trahaiarn Chaloner was so called, because his grand|father Madoc Crwm of Chaloner had lived in a town in France called Chaloner, whence he took that name.—He beareth argent, on a cheveron sable, three angels or.

DESCENDANTS EXTANT IN THE MALE LINE.

• CHALONERS, of Gisborough, Yorkshire.

DESCENDANT EXTINCT, OR IN THE FEMALE LINE.

• THOMAS, of Caer Pill.

VIII.

MARCHUDD AP CYNAN, Lord of Abergeleu: His house was Bryn Ffenigl. He lived, (as Sir Thomas ap Williams' book saith) in the time of Rodri Mawr * 1.23, king of the Britons, about the year of our Lord 849 † 1.24. Of him was Ednyfed Fychan de|scended, who being general of the prince's ‡ 1.25 host, was sent to the Marches, to defend the frontiers from the approach of the English army, which was ready to invade them, under the command of Ranulph, earl of Chester, (who met them) and killed three of their chief captains and commanders, and a great many of the common soldiers. The rest he put to flight, and triumphantly returned to his prince; who, in recompence of his good service, gave him, among many gifts and honors, a new coat of arms; for the coat, which he and his ancestors had always given before, was the coat of Marchudd, being gules, a Saracen's head erased proper, wreathed or.—The new coat was thus displayed, gules between three Englishmen's heads couped, a cheveron ermin.—From the death of the last Llewelyn, Ednyfed's posterity were the greatest men of any in Wales, (as by the works of the bards and records is very manifest.) If I should go about to reckon all the famous men descended of him, it would require more time than I can well spare. Let it be sufficient to remember Henry the Seventh, king

of England, Henry the Eighth, Edward the Sixth, Queen Mary, and Queen Elizabeth, all of whom were descended lineally and paternally of Ednyfed Fychan, who likewise was descended of Marchudd.

DESCENDANTS EXTANT IN THE MALE LINE.

• WYNNS, of Melay, now Lord Newborough.
  • of Garthewyn.
• FOULKES, of Eriviet.
• LLOYDS, of Plâs Madog, in Llansannan; now of Plâs Power.
• * 1.26 PRICE, of Maentwrog, Merionethshire; now of Gerddi Bluog.
• MORGAN, of Gwlgre, Flintshire.
• GRIFFITH, of Garreg Lwyd.

DESCENDANTS EXTINCT, OR IN THE FEMALE LINE.

• WYNNS, of Dyffryn Aled, Denbighshire.
  • of Trefarth.
• ROBERTS, of Gwasane, Flintshire.
• LLOYD, of Gydros.
• ...

• LLOYD, of Dôl.
  • of Trebul.
• HUGHES, Bishop of St. Asaph.
• SMITH, Chancellor of St. Asaph.
• VAUGHANS, of Hen Blâs and Bronheulog.
• LLEWELIN, of Llanelian.
• JENKIN, of Efenechtyd.
• COL. JONES, the Regicide * 1.27.
• WILLIAMS, of Cochwillan, Maenol, Marl, Meillionydd, and Ystumcolwyn.
• ...HOWEL M••ELINYDD.
• CONWAY, of Nant.
• GRIFFITH, of Festiniog.
• HUGHES, of Cefn y Garlleg.

IX.

HEDD MOLWYNOG † 1.28, of Uwch-aled, (as Sir Thomas ap Williams' book hath it) was steward to Prince David ap Owain. His lands and lordships were Llanfair Talybaern, Dyffryn Elwy, and Nanbaled, the which his three sons, viz. Meuter, Gwillonon, and Gwrgi, divided, and their posterity have enjoyed, and do still enjoy, some part of them. Rhys ap Jeuan ap Llewelyn Chwith of Chwibren, was an esquire of the body to King Edward the Fourth (as the book of Evan Lloyd Jeffrey hath it): he and his

cousin-german, David Jenkin, were very turbulent in the Lancas|trian war.

Meuric Llwyd, of Llwyn y Maen, near Oswestry, was a valiant captain under the earl of Arundel, who by his prowess atchieved a very noble coat of arms, viz. The field argent, an eagle displayed with two heads sable.

And here, I think, Jolo Gôch * 1.29, Owain Glyndwr's bard, whose mother was the Countess of Lincoln, (as Griffith Hiraethog saith) may well bear a place among the worthy descendants of this tribe; who, for his lofty strain, and singular skill in British poetry, was and is as famous and renowned as any that hath been these four hundred years.—And also † 1.30 Tudur Aled, another learned bard, and a doctor of the chair in his profession: but their learned works will make them famous and ever glorious.— He beareth sable, a hart passant argent, attired or.

DESCENDANTS EXTINCT, OR IN THE FEMALE LINE.

• LLOYDS ‡ 1.31, of Havodunnos, Denbighshire.
  • of Llwyn-y-Maen, near Oswestry.
  • of Llanforda.
  • of Dre-newydd, in Whittington parish.
  • of Blaen-y-Ddôl.
• PARRY, of Llangerniw.
• ...

• WYNN, of Bryn Cynrick.
• GRIFFITHS, of Bodychwyn.
  • of Hafod-y-Garreg.
  • of Blaen Iâl, Denbighshire.
  • of Plâs Newydd.

X.

BRAINT HIR, of Is-dulas, lived, as I conjecture, about the time of the sons of Roderic * 1.32 the Great. His posterity did not much increase, for there are not many, at present, known to be descended from him, yet some there are.—His arms are vert, a cross flowery or.

DESCENDANTS.

• VAUGHANS, of Pont-y-Gwyddel. Mrs. Gifford, of Nerquis.

XI.

† 1.33 MARCHWEITHIAN was called Lord of Is-aled; his lands were Carwed Fynydd, Dincadfael, Prees, Beryn, Llyweni, Gwy|therin, and many other townships within the hundred of Is-aled,

as appears by the extent of the lordship and honor of Denbigh, made in the eighth year of Edward the Third; at what time, Cynwric Fychan, being the ninth in descent from Marchweithian, lived; whereby some aim may be made at the time he flourished.

THE families and houses descended of him are many, but the most eminent are these, Berain, formerly incorporated to the house of Llyweni, by the marriage of Mrs. Catherine, of Perain * 1.34, the daughter and heir of Tudor ap Robert Fychan, of Berain, esquire, with John Salisbury, the son and heir of Sir John Salisbury, of Llyweni, knight; after whose death she married Richard Clough, esquire, of Denbigh, a rich merchant; after whose decease she married Maurice Wynne, of Gwydir, esquire, and had issue by both: and last of all she married Edward Thelwall, of Plâs-y-Ward, esquire.—Mr. Robert ap Rees, descended of this tribe, and ancestor to the family of Rhiwlas, was chaplain to Cardinal Wolsey, and a very great man in the reign of Henry the Eighth.— Ellis Price, of Plâs-Yolyn, doctor of the law, who, I believe, was one of the scholars of Cambridge, that disputed with Throgmorton, and other scholars of Oxford, at Cambridge, in the year of our Lord 1532, and got the best; (as James Caius, in the first book of The Antiquities of Cambridge, affirmeth.)—He bore, in a shield gules, a lion rampant argent, armed azure.

DESCENDANTS EXTANT IN THE MALE LINE.

• PRICE, of Rhiwlas, Merionethshire.
  • of Boch-y-rhaiadr, Merionethshire.
• ...

• WYNN, of Llangynbafal, Denbighshire.
• PANTON, of Coleshill Manor, Flintshire.
• PARRY, of Tywysog, and Pistill.

DESCENDANTS EXTINCT, OR IN THE FEMALE LINE.

• PRICE, of Giler, Denbighshire.
  • of Tyddyn Sieffrey.
  • of Cwmmein.
  • of Fedw dêg.
  • of Llanrwst.
  • of Dugoed, in Penmachno.
• WYNN, of Voelas, Denbighshire.
  • of Plas Newydd Yspytty.
  • of Hafod-y-Maidd.
• FOULKES, of Llŷs Llywarch.
  • of Carwed Fynydd, and Meriadog.
• VAUGHANS, of Pant Glâs.
  • of Blaen-y-Cwm.
  • of Llysfaen.
• WILLIAMS, of Aberconwy.
  • of Hafod Garregog.
• DAVIES, of Llathwryd.
• GETHIN, of Cerniogeu, Denbighshire.

XII.

EDWIN, commonly called King of Tegaingle * 1.35, was the twelfth tribe, whose son Owain had a daughter called Angharad, mar|ried to Griffith ap Cynan, king of Gwynedd, or North Wales. Many worthy and noble gentlemen in Flintshire and Denbighshire are descended of him, as the Bishop of Bangor, now living—(I believe he means William Roberts, D. D. who was consecrated Bishop of Bangor, in September 1637, and died at Llandurnog, August 12th, 1665, aged 80.) Thomas Owen, judge of —, father of Sir Roger Owen, late of Cundover, knight. † 1.36 Howel Gwynedd, a very valiant and stout man, who, siding with Owen Glyndwr against Henry the Fourth, did much annoy the English; but on a time, being more secure than he ought to have been, he was taken by his adversaries of the town of Flint, who, upon a place called Moel-y-Gaer, cut off his head: and long time before, one Owain ap Uchtryd, being grandson to Edwin, kept by force of arms all Tegaingle under subjection, not|withstanding all the power of the king, lords, and country to the contrary; and the third year, having his pardon, he deli|vered the owners their lands.—He beareth argent, between four Cornish choughs armed gules, a cross floury engrailed sable.

DESCENDANTS EXTANT IN THE MALE LINE.

• LLOYDS, of Pentre Hobyn, now of Trefor.
• WYNNS, of Copparleni.
• PARRIES, of Llaneurgain.

DESCENDANTS EXTINCT, OR IN THE FEMALE LINE.

• MOSTYNS, of Mostyn, &c. Flintshire.
• LLOYDS, of Farm, Flintshire.
• WYNNS, of Nhercwys, Flintshire.
• EDWARDS, of Stansty.
  • of Rhual.
  • of Galit-y-celyn, and Crogen Iddon.
  • of Llangollen Fechan.
• EVANS, of Coed Llai, and Treuddyn.
• HUGHES, of Diserth.
• JONES, of Gwernaffield, and Mold.
• OWENS, of Coed Llai, Gwasane, Caerfallwch, Treuddyn, Arddunwynt, and Hope.
• PRICE, of Llwyn Ynn.
• BROMFIELDS, of Bromfield.

XIII.

EDNOWAIN BENDEW was Lord of Tegaingle in the year of our Lord 1079, (as the book of Ednop saith.) He is said by Peter Ellis, the counsellor, to be the chief of the fifteen tribes. Of him are descended Ithel ap Rotpert, Archdeacon of Tegaingle,

the Bithels, and a great many worthy families besides.—He bear|the argent, between three boars heads, a cheveron sable.

THE residence of Ednowain is supposed by some to have been at Ty-maen, in the parish of Whiteford, (see p. 119.)

DESCENDANTS EXTANT IN THE MALE LINE.

• LLOYD, of Wygfair, Flintshire.
• FOULKES, of Mertyn, Flintshire.
• GRIFFITH, of Rhual, Flintshire.
• HUGHES, of Halkyn, Flintshire.
  • of Bagillt, Flintshire.
• GRIFFITH, of Plâs isa', Caerwys, Flintshire.

DESCENDANTS EXTINCT, OR IN THE FEMALE LINE.

• WYNNS, of Galedlom, and Caerwys, Flintshire.
• PUGHE, of Skeifiog, Flintshire.
• PIERS, of Llanasaph, Flintshire.
• PARRY, of Coleshill, and Basingwerk, Flintshire.
• GRIFFITH, of Pant y Llongdu, Flintshire.
  • of Caerwys Hall, Flintshire.
• EVANS, of Llaneurgain, Flintshire.
• JONES, of Skeifiog, Flintshire.
• WILLIAMS, of Clommendy Skeifiog, Flintshire.
• HUGHES, of Coed-y-Brain, Flintshire.

XIV.

EFNYDD, commonly called the son of * 1.37 Gwenllian, the daughter of Rhŷs ap Marchon, who was lord of seven townships in Dyffryn Clwyd, called Ruthin land, viz. Tr••-ben-y-Coed, and Fereel dyd, y Groes••wyd, Pant Meugen, and three more, all free|hold land. He had no children besides Gwenllian aforesaid, who by the interest of B••te••n op Cy••yn, king of Wales, was given in marriage to this Efnydd's father, being nearly related to the said king, who gave him likewise seven townships, to wit, Almar, Tref-alen (or Alynton), Gre••ford in Bromfield, Lleprog-fawr, Lleprog-fe••han, and Tref-y-nant, in Tegaingle, &c. He had a daughter called Hunydd, who was the wife of Meredydd ap Blethyn, prince of Powys. Of him was descended John Almor, one of the marshals of the hall to king Henry the Seventh, father of John Almor, serjeant at arms to king Henry the Eighth, (as I think) who bare azure, a lion rampant or, armed and langued gules; and of Sir William Meredith, who lived in Yorkshire, or some|where else in England.—He bare a lion rampant saliant or, where|with he quartered his mother's coat, being azure, between three nags heads erased argent, a fess or.

DESCENDANTS EXTINCT, OR IN THE FEMALE LINE.

• SIMUNT, of Coed Llai, Flintshire.
• PRICHARD, of Caergwrley, Flintshire.
• ...

• ROGERS, of Flint.
• MEREDYDD, of Trefalen.
  • of Pentre Bychan.
  • of Stansty.
• ALMORS, of Almor.
• ALYNTONS, of Alynton.
• LLOYDS, of Gresford, and Alynton.

XV.

EDNOWAIN AP BRADWEN * 1.38 is by writers called Lord of Meirionydd: but surely the princes and their issue were always lords of Meirionydd; howbeit it might be, that he (as others) took the same to farm, and therefore might be called lord thereof. And yet he and his issue were possessed of all Tal-y-Bont, save Nanney, and the prince's demesnes, and for the most part of Ystumanner in the like manner. The offices he bare under the prince, I know not. Some books of pedegree say that he lived in Griffith ap Cynan's time, but I think he was not so antient † 1.39. The ruins of his Llŷs, or palace, are to be seen in the township of Cregenan, in Tal-y-Bont Iscregenan. Llewelyn ap Tudur ap Gwyn ap Peredur ap Ednowain ap Bradwen, lived in the time of Edward the First, and did him homage with the lords and

gentry of Wales, as by the said king's records is manifest. Aaron, his grandchild, by his son Ednyfed, had two sons more eminent than the rest of his children, Ednyfed and Griffith; of the last of whom William David Lloyd, of Peniarth, esquire, lately deceased, was descended: whose inheritance is come to Margaret, the mother of Lewis Owen, of Peniarth, esquire, now living. Ednyfed ap Aaron is said to have entertained Owain Glyndwr, when he was overcome by king Henry the Fourth, the usurper, but se|cretly in a cave, by the sea-side, in the parish of Llan Gelynin, which of him is called * 1.40 Ogof Owain. Of this Ednyfed was de|scended Morgan ap Griffith ap Eineon, a courageous stout man, who, as it is reported by his kinsmen, by chance, in the streets of the city of London, late in the night, met with King Henry the Eighth, with a small guard about him, coming to see what rule was kept in the city; and when neither would yield to the other, they drew and fought hardly, until a person, who accompanied Morgan, bade him take heed what he did, for that he feared it was the king with whom he fought. Whereupon Morgan crying mercy, yielded, and craved pardon; and the king did let him go, saying, that he was a lusty man, and ever after he was called Lusty Morgan. This is a report, I cannot tell how true.

Morgan his, mawr gan Harri, Mae Llundain dan d' adain di.

—He bore gules, three snakes enowed in a triangular knot argent.

DESCENDANT EXTANT IN THE MALE LINE

• OWENS, of Cae'r Berllan, Merionethshire.

DESCENDANTS EXTINCT, OR IN THE FEMALE LINE.

• LLOYDS, of Nant-y-Mynach, and Peniarth.
• OWENS, of Peniarth, and Morben.
• GRIFFITH, of Garth, and Cloddiau Cochion.

Out of our ancient books of pedegrees, we are enabled to add another Tribe; by no means inferior to any of the foregoing, in the respectability and number of its descendants.

XVI.

TUDOR TREVOR, the tribe of * 1.41 March, called likewise in our books Llwyth Maelor (or the tribe of Maelor,) was the son of Ynyr ap Cadfarch, descended of Cadell Deurnllug, King of Powys. He is said to have been the founder of, and to have re|sided at, Whittington Castle, which continued in his posterity for many generations after. His mother was Rhiengar, daughter to Lluddocca ap Caradoc Vreichfras, earl of Hereford, who was one of the knights of king Arthur's Round Table. Tudor had large possessions in Herefordshire, in right of his mother, as well as in that country called Ferlys, which lies between the rivers Wye

and Severne. He was cotemporary with Howel Dda, king of Wales, whose daughter Angharad he married, by whom he had three sons and one daughter. Powell, of Edenhope, in his Pen|t••chia, describes his arms in the following manner:

Em in••is fulgens Theodor. parma T••e••, Dat rapidum fulvumque sinistro verte leonem: Mos••ni sunt nota satis, simul arma T••e••is.

Which may be thus expressed in plain English:

Parted per bend finister ermine and ermines, over all a lion rampant or; the well-known arms of the Mostyns, and also of the Trevors.

DESCENDANTS EXTANT IN THE MALE LINE.

• ...Viscount Hambden, and Baron TREVOR.
• MOSTYNS, of Mostyn, Baronets.
  • of Trelacre, Baronets.
  • of Bryngwyn.
  • of Segroit.
• PENNANT, of Bychton.
• RICHARD PENNANT, Baron Penrhyn.
• JEFFERIES, of Acton.
• EDWARDS, of Chirk.
• WYNNE, of Gerwyn-fawr.
• JONES, of Llwyn-onn.

DESCENDANTS EXTINCT, OR IN THE FEMALE LINE.

• TREVOR, of Brynkinnallt.
  • of Pentre Cynric.
• ...

• TREVOR, of Daywen.
  • of Trefalen.
  • of Plâs-têg.
  • of Oswestry.
• LLOYDS, of Halton.
• YOUNG, of Bryn Yorkin.
• DYMMOCK, of Willington.
• PUGHE, of Llan-y-Mynach.
• LLOYDS, of Plâs isa' y Clawdd.
  • of Dal-y-wern.

HERE it may not be improper to mention, that though the tribes are generally considered as the nobility of Wales, yet are there many ancient Welsh families of high respectability, who de|rive not their descent from any of them. Such are the Middle|tons, of Chirk castle and Gwaunynog; the Vaughans, of Glan-y-llyn, afterwards of Llwydiarth and Llangedwyn, but now extinct, who are descended from Ririd Flaidd, lord of Penllyn, &c. The Vaughans, of Cors-y-gedol; and the Wynnes, of Dolegwyn, whose stock was Osbwrn Wyddel, (or the Irishman.) The Eytons, of Leeswood; the Wynnes, of Tower; the Davises, of Gwasane (whose representative in the male line is Peter Davies, esquire, of Broughton;) the Parrys, of Pwllhalog, and the Williamses, of Fron, who are descended from Cynric Efell, baron of Eglwyseg.

IN Anglesey are the Williamses, of Ty-fry, descended from Ca|drod Hardd, (or the Handsome) lord of Tal-ebolion; and from

them the Williamses, of Nantarog, ancestors of the present Sir Watkin Williams Wynne; the Williamses, of Penbed••, and the Williamses, of B••d••ydd••n.

THOUGH many others may be added to these, we shall now close this account with the descendants of Br••chwel Ysgrithog, prince of P••wys, viz. the Blaneys of Tregynon, the Wynnes of Garth, the Ll••yds of Leig••ton, and the Thomases of Llechwedd|gerth, whose present representative is T••o. Thomas, esquire, of Downing Ucha'.

FIVE ROYAL TRIBES.

• I. GRIFFITH AP CYNAN Page 283
• II. RHYS AP TEWDWR MAWR Page 284
• III. BLETHYN AP CYNFYN Page 285
• IV. ETHELYSTAN GLODRYDD Page 286
• V. JESTYN AP GWRGANT Page 288

FIFTEEN TRIBES.

• I. HWFA AP CYNDDELW Page 290
• II. LLOWARCH AP BRAN Page 291
• III. GWEIRYDD AP RHYS GÔCH Page 293
• IV. CILMIN TROED-DU Page 294
• V. COLLWYN AP TANGNO Page 295
• ...

• VI. NEFYDD HARDD Page 298
• VII. MAELOE CRWM Page 299
• VIII. MARCHUDD AP CYNAN Page 300
• IX. HEDD MOLWYNOG. Page 302
• X. BRAINT HIR Page 304
• XI. MARCHWEITHIAN ibid.
• XII. EDWIN Page 307
• XIII. EDNOWAIN BENDEW Page 308
• XIV. EFNYDD Page 310
• XV. EDNOWAIN AP BRADWEN Page 311

THE number of Tribes in the MS. is only XV.—We retain the title, but add that of TUDOR TREVOR, or the Tribe of MARCH, as is done by some of our writers.

TRIBE OF MARCH.

• XVI. TUDOR TREVOR.—For his Coat of Arms, consult PLATE IV. p. 31.

OUT-LINES of the GLOBE, ACCORDING TO THEIR PERMANENT STATE.

• VOL. I.
  • ENGLAND.
  • SCOTLAND,
  • ORKNEY ISLES.
  • SCHETLAND ISLES.
  • FEROE ISLES.
  • ICELAND.
  • HOLLAND.
  • DENMARK.
• VOL. II.
  • SWEDEN.
  • NORWAY.
  • SPITSBERGEN.
  • RUSSIA.
• VOL. III.
  • Dominions bordering on the VÖLGA.
  • Circuit of the CASPIAN SEA.
  • Mountains of CAUCASUS.
  • GHILAN, MAZENDARAN.
  • From the north end of the CASPIAN SEA to the URALLIAN CHAIN.
• ...

• VOL. IV.
  • NOVA ZEMLJA.
  • SIBERIA.
  • KAMTSCHATKA.
• These four volumes contain the subjects of the first CCVIII. pages of the Introduction to the Arctic Zoology, enlarged and extended.
• VOL. V.
  • Western Coast of AMERICA.
  • BRITISH Colonies in AMERICA.
  • United States of AMERICA.
  • Being the remaining part of the Introduction to the Arctic Zoology, enlarged.
• VOL. VI. VII. FRANCE, from Calais to Andaye, and the French Pyrenees.
• VOL. VIII.
  • SPAIN, from Fontarabia to the borders of Portugal.
  • PORTUGAL.
  • SPAIN again, from the mouth of the Guadiana, to the eastern entrance of the Streights of Gibraltar.
• VOL. IX.
  • The MEDITERRANEAN coast of Spain, from Europa Point to the beginning of Southern France.
  • SOUTHERN FRANCE, to the Maritime Alps.
• VOL. X. NORTHERN AFRICA, from the mouths of the Nile, along the Mediterranean coast of Africa, through the

• ... Streights of Gibra••ar, and from thence to the river of Senegal; with an account of the Madeira, the Canary Islands, and those of Cape Verd.
• VOL. XI. NIGRITIAN AFRICA, from the river Senegal to Cape Negro; with an account of Prince's Isle, Isle of St. Thomas, Isle of Ascension, and that of St. Helena.
• VOL. XII. From CAPE NEGRO to the CAPE OF GOOD HOPE, from thence to the mouth of the Red Sea, and the African coast of the Red Sea, as far as the Isthmus of Suez; with an account of Madagascar, Isle of Bourbon or Mascarenbas, Isle of France or Mauritius, Isle of Ro|drigues, Isles of Comoro, Joanna, the Twelve Isles, and Amirantes Isles or Sechelles.
• VOL. XIII. ARABIA, and its coasts, the Persian Gulph, and the coasts of Persia, as far as the Indus.
• VOL. XIV.
  • From the mouth of the INDUS to the Panjab, and Cashmere.
  • From the mouth of the INDUS, along the western coast of Indostan, to Cape Comorin.
  • Island of CEYLON, and the Laccadive and Maldive Islands.
• VOL. XV.
  • The EASTERN COAST of HINDOOSTAN, to the mouth of the Ganges.
  • ...

• ...
  • From the mouth of the GANGES to its origin with its contributory rivers.
  • The origin of the SAMPOO or BURRAMPOOTER river, to its junction with the Ganges, near the fall of the latter into the Gulph of Bengal.
  • Several particulars respecting the foregoing vo|lumes, may be found in my Literary Life, from p. 41 to 45.
• VOL. XVI. INDIA extra GANGEM, to the borders of China; with the translation of
  • ARRIANI PERIPLUS
  • MARIS ERYTHRAEI.
  By the Reverend ROBERT WILLIAMS, curate of Whiteford, 1792.
• VOL. XVII. The empires of CHINA and JAPAN, with the islands to the north and south of the latter, Matmay, &c. and the Kuril islands.
• VOL. XVIII.
  • The MALAYAN and MANILLA Islands, the PHILIPPINE Islands.
  • ...

• ...
  • The islands of MINDANAO, CELEBES, or MACASSAR, and the TIMORIAN Chain.
  • NEW HOLLAND.
• VOL. XIX.
  • MOLUCCA, or Spicy Islands.
  • PAPUAN Islands.
  • Land of PAPUAS, or NEW GUINEA.
  • NEW BRITAIN.
  • NEW IRELAND.

BRITISH.

• VOL. XX. A JOURNEY from LONDON to DOVER, along the Coasts, in the year 17••7.
• VOL. XXI. The same continued from DOVER along the remaining coast of Kent, of all Sussex, of Hampshire, to Ports|mouth, and the circuit of the Isle of Wight; accom|panied by my Son DAVID PENNANT.—The object of this journey is fully mentioned in p. 31 of my Literary Life.
• VOL. XXII. A JOURNEY taken in 1773, through some of the in|ternal parts of Cheshire, Lancashire, Yorkshire, West|moreland, and Cumberland, as far as Alston Moor.—See more of this tour in my Literary Life, p. 16.

CORRECTIONS, &c.

N. B. TITLE PAGE to Whiteford, the date 1796.—I request that this may be read 1795. It was expected that the whole book would have been printed in that year; but by various delays, too well known to authors, it was not completed till the month of March 1796. I therefore beg the reader would consi|der that the several references which may be supposed to relate to 1796 can only intend 1795: for example, p. 161. l. 9. 'next season' means the wheat-sowing season of that year. 'In the next year,' means 1796. The attentive reader will discover many other reference of that kind.

PAGE 99, after paragraph 2d.—We retain in Whiteford church the decent service of praying for the sick, instead of lazily sinking it into the xxixth supplicatlon of the Litany. The prayers on that occasion are so pathetic, so admonitory to the congregation, that I am amazed that any minister should remain insensible of the impropriety of the omission.

I NOW cannot but most earnestly exhort the squires of every parish to attendance on divine service, if it was only to hear the sad catalogue of the miserable objects which compose the largest part of those for whom the devotions I allude to are intended. It will direct their benevolence to their relief. They may find among them objects of their charity, whom they may never otherwise have heard of. They may find tenants to whom they ought to be fathers. They certainly will find congenerous beings, to whom every duty of humanity is enjoined by the SA|VIOUR of the world: This I should hope is thus irresistibly enforced:

COME, YE BLESSED OF MY FATHER, INHERIT THE KINGDOM PREPARED FOR YOU FROM THE FOUNDATION OF THE WORLD.

FOR I WAS AN HUNGRED, AND YE GAVE ME MEAT; I WAS THIRSTY, AND YE GAVE ME DRINK; I WAS A STRANGER, AND YE TOOK ME IN; NAKED, AND YE CLOATHED ME; I WAS SICK, AND YE VISITED ME; I WAS IN PRISON, AND YE CAME UNTO ME.

THEN SHALL THE RIGHTEOUS ANSWER HIM, SAYING, LORD, WHEN SAW WE THEE AN HUNGRED, AND FED THEE? OR THIRSTY, AND GAVE THEE DRINK?

WHEN SAW WE THEE A STRANGER, AND TOOK THEE IN? OR NAKED, AND CLOTHED THEE?

OR WHEN SAW WE THEE SICK, OR IN PRISON, AND CAME UNTO THEE?

AND THE KING SHALL ANSWER, AND SAY UNTO THEM, VERILY I SAY UNTO YOU, INASMUCH AS YE HAVE DONE IT UNTO ONE OF THE LEAST OF THESE MY BRETHREN, YE HAVE DONE IT UNTO ME.

To these benedictory verses let me add one, in which the penalty, as well as the reward is united. I cannot resist the im|pulse, as it is so admirably adapted to the times. It shall be followed by an extract from p. 164 of this work, which I com|municated to the public through the channel of the Chester paper, followed by some declarations to prevent the mistaking of any part. I fervently wish to promote a friendly agreement between landlord and tenant; between tenant and every poor laborer. The benevolent Duke of BEAUFORT, and I believe others of the benevolent GREAT, have made the attempt; and, to

the glory of landlord and tenant, are to this moment dispensing their generous plan to a grateful people. Such an agreement was entered into by the farmers of part of this and a neighbor|ing county; but to their infamy, many of them withdrew from their words and their signatures. May the landlords become the instruments of compelling them to accept the blessing offered in the last part of the line, and to shun the curse denounced in the first! There is one description of men, on whom it should fall in a most exemplary manner. The badger, or factor, employed to exhaust the stock of corn and other provisions, not by fair agreement, but by openly raising the price, by offering more than the farmer would have asked; and even telling them, in open market, 'Ask what you will, and we will give it.' The poor, since the repeal of the 5th and 6th of Edward IV. by the 12th of George III. are left defenceless. The means of inflicting the pu|nishment by the statute is taken away, and they are to seek justice through the tedious expensive labyrinths of the common law.

HE THAT WITHHOLDETH CORN, THE PEOPLE SHALL CURSE HIM: BUT BLESSING SHALL BE UPON THE HEAD OF HIM THAT SELLETH IT. Proverbs, chap. xi. ver. 26.

To the EDITOR of the CHESTER COURANT.

SIR,

PERMIT me to convey, through the channel of your paper, a paragraph from a book which is still in the press:

I would never grant a lease to a great corn-tenant. I would preserve a power over his granary, which legislature will not, or

cannot assume. Should he attempt by exportation to exhaust it in years of scarcity, and not leave a sufficient supply for the country which produced the grain; — should he attempt a mo|nopoly,—should he refuse to carry a proper quantity to the next market;—or should he refuse to sell, to the poor who can|not attend the market, corn in small quantities, I WOULD INSTANTLY ASSUME THE POWER OF THE LANDLORD, AND EXPEL HIM FROM MY ESTATE. A just punishment for the tenant, who, through rapacity, declines to comply with my desires, excited with no other view than to promote the good of the public.

THE end which we wish by the above radically to correct, may soon be past cure, I therefore commit the extract to your hands. The evil is entirely local; other parts of Great Britain are possibly unaffected by it, and have no occasion to take alarm. We do not wish the farmers solely to feed the poor; we only re|quest them to reserve in the country corn enough of EVERY kind to enable others to exert their benevolence to their poorer neigh|bors; not by gratu••tous donations, but by selling it at reasonable prices to those who are in want; we do not ask it from the farmers at the prices of good times. GOD forbid that we should deny them FAIR profits, such as every other dealer has a right to. I wish to inculcate universal justice; but let us remember that CHARITY begins at home. We shall gladly impart our super|fluity to our most distant neighbors, even should we be obliged to pay more for the bare competency we may reserve.

T. P.

DOWNING, February, 1796.

Notes

• * 1.1

  Most of his descendants give the coat of his son Owain Gwynedd, viz. vert, three eagles displayed in fess or.
• * 1.2

  Blethyn ap Cynfyn bób owys, Ei hûn bioedd hén Bowys.
• † 1.3

  The curious reader, who wishes for more information concerning this tribe, and its descendants, may consult a tract on the subject, lately published by my worthy friend Philip Yorke, esquire, of Erddig, a gentleman to whom the thanks of his country are due, for the great zeal he displays to illustrate its antient biography.
• * 1.4

  The country between these two rivers was anciently called Ferlys; and it had its own princes, independent of the princes of South Wales.
• * 1.5

  Of this family was Richard Powell of Ednop, (or, as it is sometimes written, Edenhope) the poet, author of the Pentarchia, a short history, in coarse Latin verse, of the royal tribes of Cambria, and their descendants. The above-mentioned poem was composed about the year 1623. Prefixed to it is a dedi|cation to the then Prince of Wales, afterwards Charles the First.
• † 1.6

  This battle took place in the year 1090. Our valiant Prince Rhys had the honor of falling in the field, fighting in the defence of his country, at the great age of ninety-eight years.

  Wynne's Hist. Wales, p. 112.
• * 1.7

  Lord Williams, of Tame, was made Lord President of the Marches of Wales in the first year of Queen Elizabeth; and died, I believe, the same year, at Ludlow Castle, where the courts of the Marches were then held.
• * 1.8

  Commonly called Lord of Llys Llison, in Anglesey.
• † 1.9

  Mon. Ant. p. 131.
• ‡ 1.10

  Or. of the horse-shoes.
• * 1.11

  Llowarch was Lord of Cwmmwd Menai, in Anglesey.
• * 1.12

  Or the Irishman.
• * 1.13

  According to other authors, he bore argent, on a bend sable, three leopards' faces of the first.
• * 1.14

  For a further account of Cilmin Troed-Du, or Cilmin with the black foot, see Tour in Wales, Vol. ii. p. 213.
• † 1.15

  Merfyn Frych reigned from the year 818 to 843.—Powel's History of Wales.
• ‡ 1.16

  Or Judge.
• * 1.17

  Written in the British tongue, by a very antient bard.
• † 1.18

  Of the Ax.
• * 1.19

  Sir Howell-y-Fwyall's.
• * 1.20

  Other books say, that he bore argent, a cheveron inter three javelins sable, pointed upwards gules.
• * 1.21

  This family produced the learned Dr. W. Morgan, Bishop of St. Asaph, who translated the Bible into the Welsh tongue.—Tour in Wales, ii. 350.
• † 1.22

  Both these places are in Caernarvonshire.
• * 1.23

  Roderic the Great.
• † 1.24

  Dr. Powell says 856.
• ‡ 1.25

  Llewelyn ap J••rwerth.
• * 1.26

  Of this family was Edmund Price, Archdeacon of Merionydd, who collected the Psalms into Welsh metre.
• * 1.27

  Vide Tour in Wales, ii. p. 123.
• † 1.28

  He lived at a place called Yr Henllys, in the parish of Llanfair Talyhaern.
• * 1.29

  Oliver the Red.
• † 1.30

  This celebrated poet lived about the year 1490.
• ‡ 1.31

  These Lloyds, descendants of Hed Molwynog, were the first persons that bore that name in North Wales.
• * 1.32

  Others say that he lived about the year 650, in the time of Cadwallon, whose nephew and chancellor he was.
• † 1.33

  His court is lord to be Liŷs Llyweni.
• * 1.34

  See her singular story in Tour in Wales, ii. p 29.
• * 1.35

  Or Englefield: it is a division of Flintshire, consisting of three hundreds, viz. Rhuddlan, Coleskill, and Prestatyn.
• † 1.36

  For a fuller account of Howel Gwynedd, see Tour in Wales, vol. i. pp. 84, 85.
• * 1.37

  This Gwenllian was stiled the h••iress of Dyffryn Clwyd, in regard that she possessed a very great portion of it.
• * 1.38

  Of Lŷs Bradwen, near Dolgelley. Vide Tour in Wales, vol. ii. p. 99. et seq.
• † 1.39

  He lived in the time of Llewelyn ap Jorwerth, probably about 1194.
• * 1.40

  Owain's cave.
• * 1.41

  So called, because a great number of the gentlemen in the Marches of England and Wales are descended from him.