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Title:  An essay on the history of civil society: By Adam Ferguson, ...
Author: Ferguson, Adam, 1723-1816.
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BESIDE avarice, there are other motives from which men are unjust; such are pride, malice, envy, and revenge. The law would eradicate the principles themselves, or at least prevent their ef∣fects.FROM whatever motive wrongs are committed, there are different particulars in which the injured may suffer. He may suffer in his goods, in his person, or in the freedom of his conduct. Nature has made him master of every action which is not injurious to others. The laws of his particular so∣ciety intitle him perhaps to a determinate station, and bestow on him a certain share in the govern∣ment of his country. An injury, therefore, which in this respect puts him under any unjust restraint, may be called an infringement of his political rights.WHERE the citizen is supposed to have rights of property and of station, and is protected in the exercise of them, he is said to be free; and the very restraints by which he is hindered from the commission of crimes, are a part of his liberty. No person is free, where any person is suffered to do wrong with impunity. Even the despotic prince on his throne, is not an exception to this general rule. He himself is a slave, the moment he pre∣tends that force should decide any contest. The disregard he throws on the rights of his people re∣coils on himself; and in the general uncertainty of all conditions, there is no tenure more precari∣ous than his own.0