The citizen of the world: or, letters from a Chinese philosopher, residing in London, to his friends in the east. ... [pt.2]

LETTER LXXI.

From Lien Chi Altangi, to Fum Hoam, first president of the Ceremonial Academy, at Pekin, in China.

IN reading the news-papers here, I have reckoned up not less than twenty-five great men, seventeen very great men, and nine very extraordinary men in less than the compass of half a year. These; say the gazettes, are the men that posterity are to gaze at with admiration; these the names that fame will be em|ployed in holding up for the astonishment of succeed|ing ages. Let me see—forty-six great men in half a year, amounts just to ninety-two in a year.—I wonder how posterity will be able to remember them all, or whether the people, in future times, will have any o|ther business to mind, but that of getting the catalogue by heart.

Does the mayor of a corporation make a speech? he is instantly set down for a great man. Does a pe|dant digest his common place book into a folio? he quickly becomes great. Does a poet string up trite sentiments in rhyme? he also becomes the great man of the hour. How diminutive soever the object of admiration, each is followed by a crowd of still more diminutive admirers. The shout begins in his train, onward he marches toward immortality, looks back at the pursuing crowd with self-satisfaction; catching all the oddities, the whimsies, the absurdities, and the littlenesses of conscious greatness, by the way.

I was yesterday invited by a gentleman to dinner,

who promised that our entertainment should consist of an haunch of venison, a turtle, and a great man. I came, according to appointment. The venison was fine, the turtle good, but the great man insupportable. The moment I ventured to speak, I was at once con|tradicted with a snap. I attempted, by a second and a third assault, to retrieve my lost reputation, but was still beat back with confusion. I was resolved to at|tack him once more from entrenchment, and turned the conversation upon the government of China: but even here he asserted, snapped, and contradicted as before. Heavens, thought I, this man pretends to know China even better than myself! I looked round to see who was on my side, but every eye was fixed in admiration on the great man; I therefore, at last thought proper to sit silent, and act the pretty gen|tleman during the ensuing conversation.

When a man has once secured a circle of admirers, he may be as ridiculous here as he thinks proper; and it all passes for elevation of sentiment, or learned ab|sence. If he transgresses the common forms of breed|ing, mistakes even a tea-pot for a tobacco-box, it is said, that his thoughts are fixed on more important ob|jects: to speak and act like the rest of mankind is to be no greater than they. There is something of oddity in the very idea of greatness; for we are seldom asto|nished at a thing very much resembling ourselves.

When the Tartars make a Lama, their first care is to place him in a dark corner of the temple; here he is to sit half concealed from view, to regulate the motion of his hands, lips, and eyes; but, above all, he is en|joined gravity and silence. This, however, is but the prelude to his apotheosis: a set of emissaries are dis|patched,

among the people to cry up his piety, gravity, and love of raw flesh; the people take them at their word, approach the Lama, now become an idol, with the most humble prostration; he receives their ad|dresses without motion, commences a god, and is ever after fed by his priests with the spoon of immortality. The same receipt in this country serves to make a great man. The idol only keeps close, sends out his little emissaries to be hearty in his praise; and straight, whether statesman or author, he is set down in the list of same, continuing to be praised while it is fashi|onable to praise, or while he prudently keeps his mi|nuteness concealed from the public.

I have visited many countries, and have been in ci|ties without number, yet never did I enter a town which could not produce ten or twelve of those little great men; all fancying themselves known to the rest of the world, and complimenting each other upon their extensive reputation. It is amusing enough when two of those domestic prodigies of learning mount the stage of ceremony, and give and take praise from each other. I have been present when a German doctor, for hav|ing pronounced a panegyric upon a certain monk, was thought the most ingenious man in the world; till the monk soon after divided this reputation by returning the compliment; by which means they both marched off with universal applause.

The same degree of undeserved adulation that at|tends our great man while living, often also follows him to the tomb. It frequently happens that one of his little admirers sits down big with the important sub|ject, and is delivered of the history of his life and wri|tings. This may properly be called the revolutions of

a life between the fire-side and the easy-chair. In this we learn, the year in which he was born, at what an early age he gave symptoms of uncommon genius and application, together with some of his smart sayings, collected by his aunt and mother, while yet but a boy. The next book introduces him to the university, where we are informed of his amazing progress in learning, his excellent skill in darning stockings, and his new in|vention for papering books to save the covers. He next makes his appearance in the republic of letters, and publishes his folio. Now the colossus is reared, his works are eagerly bought up by all the purchasers of scarce books. The learned societies invite him to be|come a member; he disputes against some foreigner with a long Latin name, conquers in the controversy, is complimented by several authors of gravity and im|portance, is excessively fond on egg-sauce with his pig, becomes president of a literary club, and dies in the meridian of his glory. Happy they, who thus have some little faithful attendant, who never forsakes them, but prepares to wrangle and to praise against every op|poser; at once ready to encrease their pride while liv|ing, and their character when dead. For you and I, my friend, who have no humble admirer thus to at|tend us, we, who neither are, nor ever will be great men, and who do not much care whether we are great men or no, at least let us strive to be honest men, and to have common sense.