Recommendations of the U.S. Public Health Service Task Force on the Use of Zidovudine to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of Human Immuno deficiency Virus

16 MMWR August 5, 1994 the ZDV regimen, c) delineation of the relative efficacy of the various components of the ACTG Protocol 076 ZDV regimen for reducing transmission, d) evaluation of the efficacy of the regimen in women whose characteristics differ from those enrolled in ACTG Protocol 076, and e) evaluation of other interventions for preventing perinatal transmission. As further information becomes available, these recommendations may need to be modified. In addition, appropriate methods and materials should be developed for communicating treatment options, risks, and benefits to women and health-care providers so that they can make informed decisions about treatment. References 1. CDC. Zidovudine for the prevention of HIV transmission from mother to infant. MMWR 1994;43:285-7. 2. CDC. National HIV serosurveillance summary: results through 1992. Vol 3. Atlanta: US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, 1994. 3. National Center for Health Statistics. Annual summary of births, marriages, divorces, and deaths: United States, 1992. Hyattsville, MD: US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, CDC, 1993. (Monthly vital statistics report; vol 42, no. 2, suppl). 4. CDC. Update: mortality attributable to HIV infection among persons aged 25-44 years-United States, 1991 and 1992. MMWR 1993;42:869-72. 5. CDC. Recommendations for assisting in the prevention of perinatal transmission of human T-lymphotropic virus type III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. MMWR 1985;34:721-6. 6. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. Clinical alert: important therapeutic information on the benefit of zidovudine for the prevention of the transmission of HIV from mother to infant. Bethesda, MD: National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, February 20, 1994. 7. Kaplan EL, Meier P. Nonparametric estimation from incomplete observations. J Am Stat Assoc 1958;53:457-81. 8. Ayers KM. Preclinical toxicology of zidovudine: an overview. Am J Med 1988;85(suppl 2A):186 -8. 9. McLeod GX, Hammer SM. Zidovudine: five years later. Ann Intern Med 1992;117:487-501. 10. Lipschutz SE, Orav EJ, Sanders SP, Hale AR, McIntosh K, Colan SD. Cardiac structure and function in children with human immunodeficiency virus infection treated with zidovudine. N EngI J Med 1992;327:1260-5. 11. Physicians' desk reference. 48th ed. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Data Production Company, 1994;742-9. 12. Toltzis P Marx CM, Kleinman N, Levine EM, Schmidt EV. Zidovudine-associated embryonic toxicity in mice. J Infect Dis 1991;163:1212-8. 13. Toltzis P Mourton T, Magnuson T. Effect of zidovudine on preimplantation murine embryos. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1993;37:1610-3. 14. Comprehensive information for investigators: retrovir (July 1993). Available from Burroughs Wellcome Company. Research Triangle Park, NC. 15. Sperling RS, Stratton P, O'Sullivan MJ, et al. A survey of zidovudine use in pregnant women with human immunodeficiency virus infection. N EngI J Med 1992;326:857-61. 16. O'Sullivan MJ, Boyer PJJ, Scott GB, et al. The pharmacokinetics and safety of zidovudine in the third trimester of pregnancy for women infected with human immunodeficiency virus and their infants: phase I ACTG study (protocol 082). Am J Obstet Gynecol 1993;168:1510-16. 17. Watts DH, Brown ZA, Tartaglione T, et al. Pharmacokinetic disposition of zidovudine during pregnancy. J Infect Dis 1991;163:226-32. 18. Ferrazin A, de Maria A, Gotta C, et al. Zidovudine therapy of HIV-1 infection during pregnancy: assessment of the effect on the newborns. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 1993;6:376-9. 19. Boyer PJJ, Dillon M, Navaie M, et al. Factors predictive of maternal-fetal transmission of HIV1:preliminary analysis of zidovudine (ZDV) given during pregnancy and/or delivery. JAMA 1994;271:1925-30. 20. CDC. Birth outcomes following zidovudine therapy in pregnant women. MMWR 1994;43:409,415-16.

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Recommendations of the U.S. Public Health Service Task Force on the Use of Zidovudine to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of Human Immuno deficiency Virus
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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
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Centers for Disease Control (U.S.)
1994-08-05
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