Abstract Book Vol. 2 [International Conference on AIDS (14th: 2002: Barcelona, Spain)]

XIV International AIDS Conference

Abstracts ThPeE7831-ThPeE7834 547

ThPeE7831 I Reaction of women vulnerability through the
economical taking charge of the rural feminists
associations The experience of amepouh, Ivory
Coast
O.L. Oupoh. AMEPOUH, 09bp2542 abidjan09, Cote divoire
Introduction: Seeing that the HIV/ AIDS infection was progressing into the Ivorian population, amepouth (Association of women living the HIV / AIDS) developed global approach into the economical taking charge of women face to the
impacts of the AIDS epidemic into rural families.
Objectives:
- To reduce the economical and social vulnerabilities of women face to the infection
- To reduce the HIV/AIDS impact at the individual level and at the society level.
Methodology: Since 2000 amepouh has initiated a global approach of communities implication creating anti AIDS sections into 25 women cooperatives of vegetables sellers.
There is one(1) section into each of the 25 villages of the west of the country.
To improve theirs actions, they have trained head members of these cooperatives
on the theme of: reinforcement of the administrative and organizational capacities
and technical of HIV/AIDS prevention.
Thought the help of G.T.Z amepouh also improved the financial situation of these
women to reduce their vulnerability face to the HIV/AIDS infection the objectives.
Results: This action of amepouh has improved know ledges of more than 3000
women Concerning the infection of HIV/AIDS.
This approach has helped the women to face the economical difficulties bored
from the infection and to change their behaviour face to the HIV/AIDS epidemic.
The development of this approach has permitted to highlight the decentralized
prevention strategy and to reduce stigmatisation and discrimination of people
living with HIV/AIDS into rural countries to use condoms will become a reality
thought the participation of the young women.
This approach also stopped the progression of the infection into these communities.
Conclusion: The importance of rural women's participation into the fight against
HIV/AIDS still being a good approach into the reduction of women vulnerability.
Presenting author: LEHIKRO OUPOH, 09bp2542 abidjan09, Cote d'Ivoire, Tel.:
[phone], E-mail: [email protected]
ThPeE7832 Breast-feeding and Aids in India -an
anthropological approach
P. Cohen1, R. Pathesarathy 1, G. Venkatasubramanian, F. Pittolo1,
S. Solomon2. 'French Institute of Pondicherry, Pondicherry, India; YRG Centre
of Aids Research and Education, Chennai, India
Background: In India the number of HIV-infected children is increasing due to
the rising number of infected women in a fertile age. Prevention of the Risk of
transmission from The Mother to the Child (MTCT) through pregnancy, delivery
or breast-feeding is becoming an important issue for the public Health. This IndoFrench programme develop an anthropological approach focus on breast-feeding,
consider as a technical, psychological social and cultural action. Different social
context in rural areas in Tamil Nadu (India) are chosen to understand the social dynamics and the cultural context of the practises of breast-feeding and their
changes.
Methods: from social anthropology: observation, key-informants, case-studies,
interviews (informal and directed) with breast-feeding mothers and their social
environment.
Results: 1 - The breast-feeding behaviour is influenced by the community context in giving norms for good mother, good nutrition and attitudes to the babies.
2 - Different types of people are acting to give advises to the pregnant women and
to take care of the babies: "dais", traditional birth attendance, mother's mother and
their relatives in the period of the delivery and some month after (in the mother
village), mother in law and relatives before the delivery and after coming back to
the husband village, the different health care professionals.
3 - The different messages received by the breast-feeding women are not always coherent (differences between health care professionals and the community, mother family and husband family... The breast-feeding mother has to manage to fit to the different social situations.
Conclusions: The prevention of the MTCT by breast-feeding have to take in account the social and the cultural as well as the psychological complexity of the
practises of breast-feeding mother. The different choices she is taking are not
only individual ones but are according the cultural habits and the different influences around her.
Presenting author: Patrice Cohen, French Institute, BP 33, 11 Saint Louis st.,
605001, Pondicherry, India, Tel.: [phone], Fax: [phone], E-mail:
patrice.cohen @ ifpindia.org

ThPeE7833 New HIV vulnerability characteristics within women
sex workers in Spain
P. Estebanez Estebanez, M.A. Rodriguez Arenas, P. Ramon, A. Sanchez
Manez, M. Lorenzo Riera. Medicos del Mundo, Madrid, Spain
Background: prostitutes are part of one of the groups that higher levels of HIV
seroprevalence in the world, mainly in countries with high levels of HIV. Prosti
tution in Spain is interacting continuosly with social phenomena. The aim of this
research is to be ble to give some suggestions for interventions.
Methods: Data on 1057 FSW were collected from May 2000 to June 2001 in
a cross-sectional multicentric study. HIV serostatus was self-informed. Variables
relationships were assessed using chi-square and multivariate logistic regression
analysis, backward stepwise. A p value <0.005 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Mean age was 29.5~ 8.4. 69.5% were foreigners, mainly Latin American and sub-Saharan African. 10.1% had ever injected drugs, most of them were
Spanish. Prevalence were 6.4% (CI 95%;4.9;8.3). Associated risk factors to HIV
infection in bivariate analysis were: age, group of origin, education, imprisonment;
time working in prostitution; incomes for service; work at street; injection drug use;
lack of use of condoms with primary partner; having a HIV+ partner; having been
raped and battered during the last year. The final multivariate model included the
following risk factors:
Table 1. Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis
B Exp (B) 95% Cl
Primary studies 1.88 6.54 2.22-19.28
Injecting drug use 2.23 9.77 4.47-21.35
HIV+ partner 2.70 14.88 5.91-37.48
Constant -4.79 0.008
Conclusions: 1. Immigrant population have changed the prostitution phenomena
in Spain due to the new bahavioural and cultural features.
2. HIV prevalence is over 5% so the Spanish AIDS epidemic is at concentrated
phase so programs bust be implemented to avoid AIDS spread to the general
population.
3. Sex workers who injecting drugs hace decreased to 10%. The main risk factor
is related with the partner, ever within immigrant women. Intervention programs
should never forget the family environment as a high risk factor.
4. Despite of some groups of women being scarcely infected (Latin American
women), their lack of use condoms makes urgent to take some preventive actions.
Financied by FIPSE (2065/99)
Presenting author: Pilar Est6banez Est6banez, c/ Andr6s Mellado, 31 Bajo
Madrid 28015, Spain, Tel.: [phone], Fax: [phone], E-mail:
mdm.sec-admin @ apdo.com
ThPeE7834 HIV risk perception and susceptibility to physical
and sexual violence among women in Rakai,
Uganda
J.A. Wagman1, M. Koenig2, T Lutalo3, N. Kiwanuka4, G. Kigozi4, F. Nalugoda4,
F. Wabwire-Mangen5, R. Gray2, M. Wawer6, N. Sewankambo5, D. Serwadda5,
F. Zhao2. 1Columbia University, Rakai Project, UVRI, P0. Box 49, Entebbe,
Uganda; 2Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States; 3 Uganda Virus
Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda; 4Rakai Project, Entebbe, Uganda;
5Institute of Public Health, Makere University, Kampala, Uganda; 6Columbia
University, New York, United States
Background: To examine how perceptions of current partners' risk of HIV infection affects women's susceptibility to sexual and physical violence.
Methods: Cross-sectional data from an on-going population-based cohort study
conducted at 12 month intervals with women aged 15-49 in 56 rural communities
in Rakai District of Uganda. During the 1998-99 survey women were asked questions concerning sexual coercion with their current sexual partner. In the 2000-01
survey women were interviewed on physical domestic violence (lifetime and past
12 months). Questions on perception of male partner's HIV risk were included in
both surveys.
Results: Of the 4279 women interviewed in the 1998-99 survey, one in four (24%)
report having ever experienced coercive sex with their current male partner, with
most (76%) reporting the frequency to be of occasional occurrence. Of the 5162
women interviewed in the 2000-01 survey, 30% report having experienced physical threats or abuse by the current partner, 20% within the preceding 12 months.
Women who believe it is "very likely" that their partner is at risk of acquiring HIV
experienced almost three times as much physical violence (OR=2.92, 95% CI
2.10 -4.08) and sexual coercion (OR=2.89, 95% CI 2.09 - 3.99) compared to
women in low risk partnerships.
Conclusions: Women who perceive their current partner to be at higher risk of
HIV infection are more susceptible to domestic violence and sexual coercion. This
may suggest that although women try to protect themselves from HIV, such efforts are negated by violence. Interventions should be developed to incorporate
the issues of domestic violence, including physical abuse and sexual coercion,
into HIV prevention programs.
Presenting author: Jennifer Wagman, Rakai Project, UVRI, P.O. Box 49, Entebbe, Uganda, Tel.: [phone], Fax: [phone], E-mail: jwagman
@ infocom.co.ug