Abstract Book Vol. 2 [International Conference on AIDS (14th: 2002: Barcelona, Spain)]

XIV International AIDS Conference

Abstracts ThPeE7804-ThPeE7808 541

of them who decide to work for commitment to be useful to others living the same
conditions of vulnerability.
Lessons learned: Results are a common vision of dangersand ways of care in
groups, and large desire of sharing skills and knowledge gained in the space of
Ecopole.
Recommandations: Setting up peer education in young girls and boys spaces
supported by economic activities seems to be beneficial for knowledge and skills.
Commitment at large scale in youngs may lead to behavioural change.
Presenting author: MOUNTAGA DIA, 4, rue Kl6bert, 3370, Dakar, Senegal, Tel.:
[phone], Fax: [phone], E-mail: [email protected]
ThPeE7804 Ethnicity in HIV/AIDS patients of the Sao Paulo
state STD/AIDS referral and training center
L.F. Jamal, S. Romera, N.J.S. Santos, S.M.S. Bueno, A.L.C. Monteiro,
C.M.R. Nascimento, N.M.L. Rodrigues, E.A.C. Ruiz. STD AIDS Training and
Referral Center, S~o Paulo, Brazil
Background: Specificity of ethnicity and social-economic-cultural features in the
HIV/Aids population is undoubtedly important. Due to difficulties to define ethnicity, related variables were only recently introduced into the Brazilian National
System for Reporting Aids.
Methods: The STD/Aids Center registers a variable related to ethnicity based
on the observation of employees in the registration unit. Data from the Sao Paulo
State STD/Aids Referral And Training Center registration unit and disease surveillance unit database from 1980 to 31/8/2001 were analyzed in terms of ethnicity.
Results: Of a total 24,550 enrollees, 20,523 (83.5%) were registered as white,
3,504 (14%) as black, 10 (<0.5%) as yellow, and 513 (2%) were blank. The most
frequent ages were 30-39, followed by 40-49, for all groups. College education
was the most frequent situation for whites and blacks, but the number of illiterate
individuals added to incomplete elementary school was higher in black individuals. There were no differences in terms of prevailing exposure categories. A
decreasing trend in Institutional mortality was more visible in whites than in black
individuals.
Conclusion: Data analyzed did not reveal any striking differences in age and
exposure in relation to ethnicity in individuals enrolled in the Sao Paulo State
STD/Aids Referral And Training Center. There is however a small difference in
schooling and mortality for black individuals. Data, however, are registered in a
subjective and non-standardized manner, and still are not representative of Aids
patients as a whole in our environment. This will only be possible when ethnicityrelated variables are more widely implemented into the disease surveillance system.
Presenting author: Emily Anna Ruiz, Rua: Santa Cruz,81- Vigilancia Epidemiolgica, Vila Mariana, cep.04121-000, S.o Paulo, Brazil, Tel.: [phone],
Fax: [phone], E-mail: [email protected]
ThPeE7805] To sexualize or not to sexualize that is the question
social marketing and the african american
community
A.T. Young', B.M. Wagner2. 1Community Education Group, San Francisco, CA,
United States; 2 Promitions West, San Francisco, United States
Issues: As political leaders in the United States begin to look at messages being developed for targeted communities we must ask some hard questions. During this workshop we will discuss the tendency for messages associated with
HIV/AIDS to be overt sexual messages. When targeting African Americans who
represent varying social, economic, and sexual histories. The question is a clear
one - how much is too much? How do we effectively target a community with
health promotion on sexually transmitted disease/condition and desexualize the
message? How does one do effective health promotion?
- Developing message which cut across economic and systemic strata
- Developing messages which are targeted but not offensive
- Developing messages which work
Descriptions: Community Education Group and Promotions West discuss its
community driven strategy to garner community level support to develop targeted
HIV prevention messages. CEG/PW will discuss the process for two of its campaign efforts targeting African Americans in San Francisco. We shall also explore
the challenges and experiences of developing messages which reach a cross
section of African Americans in the United States with HIV Prevention messages.
Lessons learned: Inclusion of the target population in media and message design
Inclusion of diverse communities, "niche" specifically the faith-based community
Effective partnerships between NGO's and for private (for-profit) entities
Community input beyond the focus group
Recommendations: We contend there is a need for increased social marketing
that is targeted. Many messages have confused the public by being one for all.
We need messages which reach the "niche" communities within communities.

While expensive it is effective.
Presenting author: A. Toni Young, 110 Portola Drive, Unit 2, San Francisco,
CA 94131, United States, Tel.: [phone], Fax: [phone], E-mail:
[email protected]

ThPeE7806I Vulnerability, racism, symbolic violence and
women living with HIV/AIDS (WLWA), in Sao Paulo
State, Brazil
F. Lopes1, C.M. Buchalla1, E.C.I. Brazilian Team2. 1Faculdade de Saude
Piblica da Universidade de S~o Paulo, R. Paula Rodrigues, 259 bloco 35
apartamento 64 Cep 06233-030 Jd. Piratininga- Osasco/SP, Brazil; 2Faculdade
de Medicina da Universidade de S&o Paulo, S&o Paulo, Brazil
Background: In Brazil there is no institutional or systemic patterns of racism
but racist attitudes are manifested through history, ideology, community relations,
teaching and differential health care access. This investigation had aimed at evaluating the quality of care provided to black and non-black WLWA in Sao Paulo
State, Brazil.
Method: WLWA registered at 3 public reference centers, located in Sao Paulo
State, were interviewed from September 1999 to February 2000 about how they
perceive their vulnerability and AIDS care.
Results: 1,068 women were interviewed(medium age-36.1, SD=9.0), from these
50.7% were black. 54.3% had completed 8 years of education. Black women
had the lowest education level and income. 85,2% was family caregivers but the
chance of taking care of 4 persons or more was higher to the black ones. They
were diagnosed in a medium of 4,36 years (SD=3.16), and they had not had
an adequate pretest counseling. Non-black women reported had not post-testing
counseling more frequently (p=0,02951).This group had also declared the worst
conditions in post-testing counseling (p=0,03607) and had been treated with indifference (17.3%), discrimination (5.2%) -both reported with higher frequency by
non-black and criticism (1,9%) -reported by black ones in a proportion 2.08 times
higher. They also reported negative attitudes during the follow up: care personnel
had not look at their faces during the service (15.1%), had been discriminated
(6.7%), had felt pain because an inadequate process was done (8.8%) and had
suffered humiliation(7.0%). Black women reported that care personnel had not
look at their faces more frequently.
Conclusion: Regarding this study, in Sao Paulo, Brazil, black WLWA are suffering the impact of racism-a complex phenomenon which have been modified by
the time and place but that have always been presented in national social tissue.
Symbolic constructors that characterized the phenomenon affect health care process and improve black women vulnerability.
Presenting author: Fernanda Lopes, R. Paula Rodrigues, 259 bloco 35
apartamento 64 Cep 06233-030 Jd. Piratininga- Osasco/SP, Brazil, Tel.: +5511.
36871622, Fax: [phone], E-mail: [email protected]
ThPeE7807 The importance of migration on prostitution and
HIV/Aids in Spain in the last year
M.A. Rodriguez Arenas, P. Ramon, J. Rodrigo Alvaro, A. Sanchez Manez,
M. Lorenzo Riera, P. Estebanez. Medicos delMundo, P' del Rey, 14, bajo ext.
Drcha, Spain
Background: Women who sell sex could be considerated a high risk group for
HIV transmission in the world. Sex workers make up a heterogeneous group. To
this reality is added an increasing number of immigrant women with a high social
and sanitary vulnerability, and with not known cultural and behavioural features.
Methods: Data of 1057 female sex workers were collected from May 2000 to
June 2001 in a cross-sectional multicentric study in Spain. Data were obtained by
face-to-face interviews conducted in STD clinics and mobile units. HIV serostatus
was self-informed. Variables relationship were assessed by chi-square and multivariate logistic regression analysis, backward stepwise. A p-value <0,05 was
considered statistically significant.
Results: 32,2% of women are Spanish and UE citizens; 39,4% Latin American women; 24,7% Sub-Sahara African; and 3,7% from East of Europe. Most
of women come to Spain because of economical reasons; they are living in Spain
for less than one year (60,7%), and only 22% have documentation. More than a
half of women were "helped" in payment of travel tickects by asociations or a not
close "friend". Prevalence of HIV were 14,1% for Spanish and UE citizen; 1,4%
for Latin American women; 4,7% for African women; and 3,4% for East European
women.
Conclusions: Every group presents different social and cultural features which
involves different health culture and different risk practices. Sub-Sahara Africa
women are known as the group with a higher vulnerability to HIV infection: youth,
lack of integration in the host country, uprooted, lack of affectivity, lack of access
to the public services, including HIV test. On the other hand, this group has the
highest level of use of condoms, both with clients and primary partners, and has
a low level of alcohol and drugs consume. Government should offer facilities to
avoid barriersin access to health and social services.
Presenting author: Maria de los Angeles Rodriguez Arenas, Po del Rey, 14,
bajo ext. Drcha, Spain, Tel.: [phone], Fax: [phone], E-mail: mdm.
arodriguez @ apdo.com

ThPeE7808 HIV/AIDS - A silent dimension: Women talking
about their relationships with bisexually active men
S.J. Lubowitz, M. Pallotta-Chiarolli. Deakin University, 55 William Street,
Redfern, nsw 2016, Australia
Background: Women in relationships with bisexually active men have been ignored, underepresented and misrepresented in relation to HIV/AIDS education