Abstract Book Vol. 2 [International Conference on AIDS (14th: 2002: Barcelona, Spain)]

444 Abstracts ThPeC7422-ThPeC7426

XIV International AIDS Conference

were observed between two criteria when compared by sex: (A): 15% males and
35% females versus (B): 18% males 42% females.
Conclusions: In settings where HTS transmission is increasing and where secondary and tertiary cases has been more frequent, if criteria for HTS acquisition
requires the risk behavior of the potential index case, this route of transmission is
underestimated. The Catalan Integrated Surveillance System (SIVES) introduced
the new criteria in January 2001.
Presenting author: Amparo Romaguera Lliso, CEESCAT. HUGTIP, Ctra Canyet,
s/n, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain, Tel.: [phone], Fax: +34 93
4978889, E-mail: [email protected]
ThPeC7422 Determinants of incidence of HIV infection in a
cohort of homosexual and bisexual men in Belo
Horizonte, Brazil (Project Horizonte)
M. Carneiro, FA. Cardoso, M. Greco, E.I. Oliveira, D.B. Greco, C.M.F. Antunes.
Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av Antonio Carlos, 6627, Dep. de
Parasitologia - Cx. Postal 486, Universidade federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901
- Belo Horizonte MG, Brazil
Background: Project Horizonte an open cohort of homosexual and bisexual HIV1 negative men, is a component of the Minas Gerais AIDS Vaccine Program. Its
objectives included the evaluation of seroincidence of HIV, to ascertain the role of
counseling on behavior modification and to assess their willingness to participate
in future HIV vaccine trials.
Objective: To identify risk factors for HIV infection incidence. Those infected during the follow-up period were compared with paired negative controls, using a
nested case-control design.
Methods: Incident cases were matched by age and duration of follow-up period to three negatives controls each. Data was collected by interview. Selected
variables used for the analysis include: (1) demographic factors: age, race, employment, income, education level, (2) sexual behaviors in the last six months
with steady and occasional partners insertive and receptive anal intercourse, unprotected sex, sexual identity, (3) other risk factors for HIV infections. Information
from the last visit before the case tested positive was analyzed using conditional
logistic regression.
Results: Among the 573 volunteers enrolled, 22 seroconversions were observed
during the follow-up period. The incidence rate estimated were 1.75 and 1.99 per
100 person-years, for 36 and 48 months of follow-up respectively. Two models
were tested: (1) sexual practices with occasional partners and (2) sexual practices with steady partners. After adjustment, the main risk factors associated with
infection were receptive anal sex with an occasional partner, OR= 8.4 (95% ClI
1.0-70.6) and receptive anal sex with steady partner OR= 4.4 (CI 95% 1.1-21.7).
Conclusions: Receptive anal sex with occasional and steady were the main risk
factors found associated with an increase in the risk of becoming HIV positive.
Although volunteers perceived occasional and steady partners as different identities, reported sexual risk behavior was similar among those became infected.
Presenting author: Mariangela Carneiro, Av. Antonio Carlos, 6627, Dep. de Parasitologia - Cx. Postal 486, Universidade federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901
- Belo Horizonte MG, Brazil, Tel.: [phone], Fax: [phone], Email: [email protected]
ThPeC7423 HIV-discordant heterosexual couples: A study from
Buenos Aires, Argentina
C. Vanzulli G. Coratella, P. Trinidad, E. Bottaro, R. Bologna, I. Cassetti. Helios
Salud, Peru1515, Buenos Aires (1141), Argentina
Introduction: Several factors implied in HIV transmission such as genetic variants and specific risk behaviours may have singular characteristics in serodiscordant couples.
Objective: To assess demographic variables and sexual behaviors in serodiscordant couples (DC) Methods: DC with >1year of partnership were selected.
A questionnaire about risk behaviors was completed by seronegative partner
(NP). Data about HIV infection of positive partner (PP) were obtained by medical records review.
Results: We evaluated 30 DC. Median partnership duration: 7.7 years (r: 1.5-24).
Median time of HIVdiagnosis (dx) in PP: 31 months (mo) (r: 3-138); 73% (22/30)
received HAART with 63% (19/30) having at least one VL <50c/mL for a median
of 12 mo (r: 3-36). NP mean age: 31y (r: 21-45), 16 were men (53%) with only
10% having IDU history; no active IDU was reported. Previous high risk partnership and STD history were informed in 5/30 NP (17%). Pregnancy occurred
in 25 DC (83%). 93% of DC reported non-condom use before HIV dx. Median
exposure time (ET) after HIV dx was 29 mo (1-96). Protected ET was longer in
DC whose PP was on HAART (34 vs. 8 mo, p: 0.007). All DC reported vaginal
intercourse (VI); anal intercourse (Al) in 9/30 and oral sex (OS) in 12/30. Median monthly intercourse: VI, 8 (1-28); Al, 2 (1-6); OS, 1(1-22). Condom use rate:
global, 60%(18/30); VI, 63%(19/30); Al, 44% (4/9); 05, 42% (5/12); (NS).

Conclusions: After HIV dx, condom use became more common, specially in
vaginal intercourse. It seems that DC neglected the importance of anal or oral
sex as risk factors for HIV acquisition. DC whose infected partner was on HAART
appeared to be more conscious about sexual risks.
Presenting author: Claudia Vanzulli, Perul515, Buenos Aires (1141), Argentina,
Tel.: [phone], Fax: [phone], E-mail: [email protected]

ThPeC7424 The risk factors for postpartum septic
complications for HIV positive pregnant women
(Odessa, Ukraine)
N. Nizoval, S. Posokhova2, I. Boichenkol, T. Rachokl, S. Shevchenkol.
1 Odessa State Medical University, 1212 New York Ave., NW Suite 750,
Washington DC, 20005, Ukraine; 2Odessa Oblast Clinical Hospital, Odessa,
Ukraine
Background: To define the risk factors for septic complication development of
HIV infected pregnant women and the level of the related complications after delivery.
Methods: The group of 156 HIV positive pregnant women at Odessa Oblast Maternity House was chosen for the research. The data was compared with the
compatable group of HIV negative pregnant women.
Results: The following risk factors for septic complications development were
defined: STDs (62.8%), anemia (78.2%), thrombophlebitis (12%), tuberculosis
(7.2%), hepatitis (8.6%). The 58.9% of women had vaginal delivery and 41.1%
had C-section.
The level of septic complications for HIV positive women was 7.6%, which is 2.5
times more than in the group of HIV negative women. After C-section the level of
septic complications for HIV positive women was 18.7%, which is 1.8 times more
than in the group of HIV negative women.
Conclusions: The study defined the risk factors for septic complications development of HIV infected pregnant women (STDs, anemia, malnutrition). The prevention measures to decrease the level of pus-septic complications must be considered.
Presenting author: Zoya Shabarova, 1212 New York Ave., NW, Suite 750, Washington DC, 20005, United States, Tel.: [phone], Fax: [phone],
E-mail: [email protected]
ThPeC7425 Vertical Transmission of HIV-1 and HIV-2 infections
studied at the AIDS Reference Laboratory in
Portugal: 1999 to 2001
E. Padua', H. Cortes Martins', R. Miguel', C. Almeida', R. Sobrall,
M.T. Paix.o2. 'NIH - AIDS Reference Laboratory, National Institute of Health,
AIDS Reference Laboratory Av Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisboa, Portugal,; 2NIH -
Virology Centre, Lisbon, Portugal
Background: The importance of HIV infection diagnosis in children born to HIV
positive mothers is increased by the fact that neonates with HIV often develop
symptomatic immunodeficiency early in life. According to international guidelines,
all at-risk children should receive 6 weeks of therapy for prevention of late transmission. It is therefore vital to quickly identify HIV-infected infants in order to provide and maintain the appropriate treatment. The aim of this study was to determine the Vertical Transmission (VT) rate of HIV-1 and HIV-2 in a cohort of
newborns to infected mothers in order to evaluate the epidemiological situation
after the improvement of HIV vertical transmission prevention.
Methods: From 1999 to 2001 a panel of 1330 samples from 497 children born to
HIV infected mothers were received at our laboratory. Clinical and epidemiological
data of the mothers, such as country of origin, type of virus and the compliance of
the antiretroviral therapy protocol for VT prevention were analysed. An in-house
nested polymerase chain reaction was used to amplify a specific region of the
genome (long terminal repeat) of HIV-1 and HIV-2.
Results: Mother's epidemiological and clinical data showed that 175 (35.2%)
were born in Africa and 140 (28.2%) did not fulfil the established prevention protocol. The VT occurred in 17 (3.9%) out of 436 children at risk for HIV-1 infection. No
cases of transmission were detected neither within the 58 children born to HIV-2
infected mothers nor in the group of 3 children born to mothers infected with both
viruses. Regarding to 17 mothers that have transmitted the virus, 9 (52.9%) have
a Portuguese origin and only 2 (11.7%) had fulfilled the VT prevention's protocol.
Conclusions: The improvement of VT prevention established in the last few
years, with the subsequent treatment and reduction of mother's HIV viral load,
seems to be the major cause for the observed VT rate decrease compared to our
previous results.
Presenting author: Elizabeth Padua, National Institute of Health, AIDS
Reference Laboratory, Av. Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisboa, Portugal, Tel.:
[phone], Fax: [phone], E-mail: [email protected]
ThPeC7426 Genomic analysis of perinatal HIV-1 transmission
in Botswana
M.A. Montano', M.S. Russell', I. Thior2, S. Lockman2, R. Shapiro2,
S.Y. Chang2, T.H. Lee2, M. Essex2. 'Boston University School of Medicine,
Harvard University School of Public Health, 650 Albany Street, ebrc, 6th floor,
Boston Medical Center, Boston, USA 02118, United States; 2Harvard School of

Public Health, Boston, United States
Background: While maternal viral load is a strong predictor of perinatal transmission, there is substantial overlap in viral load between those who transmit virus
and those who do not. We sought to identify additional virologic markers relevant
to perinatal transmission in Botswana.
Methods: An IRB approved study was designed to compare residual correlates of
transmission in the blood and genital tract of HIV-1 positive mothers with infants.