Abstract Book Vol. 2 [International Conference on AIDS (14th: 2002: Barcelona, Spain)]

XIV International AIDS Conference

Abstracts WePeC6200-WePeC6203 131

tent do the patterns of sexual networking or bridging behavior explain the current
level of HIV/AIDS epidemics in Indonesia.
Methods: Cross-sectional surveys were used to measure the sexual networks
and related sexual behavior parameters among men.
Respondents were sampled among high risk groups in Kupang, Denpasar and
Makassar.
The completed sample size was 1803 high risk male and 500 general men, aged
15-40 years in a rural area, West Java Province.
Behavioral data and sexual network information were collected using anonymous questionnaires. Data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression. Sexual behavior and sexual networks information were used in
a stochastic computer simulation model.
Results: The findings emphasized the heterogenity of sexual bridging practices
among males in three cities, Indonesia. Associated with sexual bridging practices
among high risk male were mobile occupations type, places, young age group,
unmarried, and years of schooling. Results of the exercise-simulations also indicate the significant impact on HIV prevention programs of reducing STDs prevalence, increasing condom use, and reducing the number of visited sex workers
on HIV prevention programs.
Conclusion: The variability and size of sexual bridging among males across different areas may account for the current and future HIV epidemic in Indonesia.
The computer model indicates that avoidance of risky sexual behavior is the best
prevention strategy, followed by condom promotion, and improved STDs treatment among the sexual bridging subpopulation.
Presenting author: Pandu Riono, Kompleks Dosen UI 98, JI. Ciputat Raya,
Cirendeu, Ciputat 15424, Indonesia, Tel.: [phone], Fax: [phone],
E-mail: [email protected]
WePeC6200 Sex, Condoms and Substance Use among
high-school students in a Jewish State
I. Schenker, P. Tamir, C. Greenblatt. Hebrew University, 40, Haayal Street,
Jerusalem, Zip 96955, Israel
Background: This study discloses new findings on risk taking behavior of Israeli
high school students. It is the major study focusing on HIV/AIDS in this population
ever published in Israel, and its implications are key to understanding the sexual,
substance use and other risky behavior of young people in the Middle East.
Methods: A random, national, sample of 932 secular highschool students (50.8%
females) was surveyed, data was collected through anonymous questionnaires
administered by a research team in classrooms, and analysed by SPSS procedures.
The findings outlined could serve as guidance for the development of policies and
further interventions both in Israel, and in similar communities:
Results:.21.7% of sampled students had at least once a sexual intercourse, with
boys reporting twice as high as girls. 5.2% of 9th graders aresexually active, compared to 11th graders: 46.1%. Of those, 33.3% only one partner; 16.7% two;
20.8% 3-5 and an alarming 29.2% of sexually active students had reported having sex with 6 and more partners. Frequency of having sex: almost every day8.7%; 1-2 a week - 17.9%; 1-2 per month - 16.9%; 1 a month - 20.8%; no sex
last year - 35.7%.
The average age for initiation of sexual life:boys: 14.6 (SD 1.03), girls 15.2 (SD
1.05). 11.7% of the students have reported using drugs. Alcohol 1 age, 11th
graders reporting double (7.0%) than 9th graders (2.7%). 13% reported daily
cigarette smoking.
Among sexually active students (21.7%) only 30% always use condom when having sex, with boys significantly more then girls; 25.4% are shy to buy condoms.
49.2% of sample do not wish to be tested (free) for HIV
Conclusions: Israeli youth, in a Jewish state, are sexulay active, exposed to
substance use and often do not use condoms when having sex. Surprisingly, the
incidence of HIV infection in this population is amongst the lowest compared with
other countries in Europe.
Presenting author: Inon Schenker, 40, Haayal Street, Jerusalem, Zip 96955, Israel, Tel.: [phone], Fax: [phone], E-mail: inonschenker@yahoo.
com
WePeC6201 Sex Business in Ukraine: an attempt of scientific
analysis
Y.M. Galustyan', O.M. Balakireva', L.I. Andruschak2. 'Ukrainian Institute for
Social Research, Kyiv City, Ukraine; 2UNA/DS, Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Issues: A brief overview of the sex business in Ukraine
The Ukrainian and international legislation on prostitution
Public opinion towards commercial sex in Ukraine
Social portrait of female sex workers
Causes of ways of involvement in sex industry
Sex industry as a source of income

Health problems of female sex workers
Vulnerability of female sex workers to HIV
Social environment of female sex workers
Violence in sex industry
Descriptions and lessons learned: There were surveyed 636 female sex workers (FSWs) in 12 big cities of Ukraine. Additionally a number of focus groups and
in-depth interviews with FSWs and their social environment.

The project results shed light on the most acute problems faced by FSWs in
Ukraine.
These are poor financial situation, health, limited access to medical aid, lack of
legal protection and social provision, drug addiction and limited access to sources
of information.
There have been identified the main needs of the FSW population in Ukraine.
Until very recently, FSWs remained to be practically unstudied group. FSWs are
still a very closed and socially vulnerable group largely controlled by criminal
groups and uncovered by the existing social programmes. The study collected
valuable data on the general situation of the FSW population in Ukraine and
gained experience of dealing with this group. We expect this experience to be
of great use in the future research of FSWs, their social environment and other
groups facing higher risks of acquiring HIV.
Recommendations: The role of FSWs' clients as a bridge for HIV to the general
population is crucial. A behavioural study of this group seems to be of great importance. We believe it is important to study the motivations of this group to buy
sex, their health conditions, sexual practices, etc.
Presenting author: Yuliya Galustyan, 30 Kominterna Str., 4th floor, 1032, Kyiv
City, Ukraine, Tel.: [phone], Fax: [phone], E-mail: [email protected]
WePeC6202 HIV and intravenous drug use in General Santos
City, Philippines
D. Non. SHED Foundation Inc., bldg.9 national epidemiology center-,
department of health, san /lazaro compound, sta.cruz, manila, Philippines
Background: There were four documented HIV positive female sex workers in
General Santos City. Moreover, in the five rounds of Behavioral Surveillance conducted under the provision of the Department of Health shows that there is IDU
practices among the sex workers and the deep sea fisherman. These groups are
considered high risk of infecting HIV to the general population.
Method: This is a qualitative study using focus group discussion and key informant interviews. Baseline data analysis is also employed. The data gathered were
analyzed to make an in depth understanding of the possible correlation on how
HIV positive may infect the general population through sharing of needles which
had not properly cleaned and unprotected multiple sex partners.
Results: The study revealed that its not only the commercial sex workers and
deep sea fishermen were injecting drugs as stated in the earlier reports but
as well rampant among medical workers, public transport drivers, students and
other professionals. Other findings show that these groups were engaged in unprotected multiple sex partners and sharing needles that had properly cleaned.
STD infection is also high among commercial sex workers. The substances used
by these IDUs were novaine, sosegon, stadol, valium, dormecum, medosalom,
domerol, morphine and even high grade shabu
Conclusion: With the HIV positive who are sex workers engaging IDU practices
who shared uncleaned needles and engaged in unprotected multiple sex partners among the deep sea fisherman and other sector of the population. Thus, the
city general population is at risk of being infected with HIV. The study, therefore,
recommend for urgent intervention to avert a possible worse scenario.
Presenting author: domingo non, bldg.9 national epidemiology center-, department of health, san lazaro compound, sta.cruz, manila, Philippines, Tel.: +632
7436076, Fax: [phone], E-mail: [email protected]
WePeC6203 Knowledge of HIV/AIDS/STI of sailors, truckers,
and public transport drivers and the prevalence of
STI symptom in six cities in Indonesia 1998-2000
Budi Haryanto. Center for Health Research, University of Indonesia, Depok,
West Java, Indonesia
Background: Accurate information about Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
(AIDS), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) is important for prevention. This study determined whether prevalence of STI symptoms varied among levels of respondent?s knowledge to
HIV/AIDS/STIs.
Methods: Respondents to the 1998 and 2000 Behavioral Surveillance Survey
in six cities in Indonesia, which is based on a cluster sample of 6,400 adult
men, were personally interviewed in their sentinel site of their knowledge to
HIV/AIDS/STIs and their experience in STIs. The different trend was measured
by T-test and 95% confidence intervals. The analysis of variance was performed
to measure variance differences among male groups.
Results: The prevalence of respondents reported ever had STI symptom in the
past year was beyond 22% to 41%. There were marked increasing of knowledge
to HIV/AIDS/STIs among adult male respondents with the average of 10% increase, and followed by the increasing of STI prevalence (with the average of 5%
increase). It was found that there was no evidence supported the increasing of
HIV/AIDS/STIs knowledge in reducing the risk of sexual behavior among adult

male respondents.
Conclusions: The results from this study suggest that the persons who have a
good knowledge of HIV/AIDS/STI were more likely having STI symptom. Meaning
that better targeted interventions need to be developed to promote and maintain
behavior changes.
Presenting author: Budi Haryanto, Center for Health Research, University of