Abstract Book Vol. 2 [International Conference on AIDS (14th: 2002: Barcelona, Spain)]

130 Abstracts WePeC6195-WePeC6199

XIV International AIDS Conference

WePeC6195 HIV behavioral surveillance system-a five-year
study, Baguio city, Philippines
F.P. Galpo', A.B. Avenido1, B.B. Valdez', Z.C. Clavio1, R.B. Guanzon2
C.V. Bernal2, V.V. De Joya3, FM. Marrero2. 'Institution, Baguio City,; 2Bhd,
Baguio City,; 3Bghmc, Baguio City
Background: The summer capital of the Philippines, Baguio City, is the center
of tourism, commercial and education in Northern Luzon. HIV Behavioral Surveillance was established in 1997 to monitor risk behaviors for HIV and STD transmission wherein the results can be used to guide intervention measures and evaluate impact of HIV prevention programs.
Methods: The Study Population were the following: Female Commercial Sex
Workers (FCSW) namely: Registered Female Sex Workers (RFSW) and Female
Freelance Sex Workers (FLSW); Men having Sex with Men (MSM) and Waiters
of night establishments.
The sample size was 120 per group. Random sampling was done for RFSW
while convenience sampling for the other groups. A standard questionnaire was
used where information included: Knowledge on HIV Transmission; Risk behaviors such as number of sex partners, condom use and injecting drug use; STD
and health seeking behavior and sources of HIV/AIDS information.
Results: Five annual surveys (1997 - 2001) were conducted. The RFSW had
good knowledge on HIV prevention and cure. However, the practice of using condom always was significantly decreased (p value < 0.01), though condom use
with their non-regular partners improved significantly (p value < 0.01). The FLSW,
despite a low knowledge on HIV/AIDS, consistency in condom use improved with
significant increase in condom use with their regular paying partners (p value <
0.01) which resulted to a significant decrease in STD (p value < 0.01). The MSM
and waiter had better knowledge and practice (condom use) compared to the
FCSW.
HIV/AIDS information came from television and health workers.The Social Hygiene Clinic and private MDs were commonly consulted.
Conclusion: Though there is still persistence of "high risk" behaviors such as
inconsistent condom use and multiple sex partners, its seems that the change in
behavior may be realized soon as the results may reveal translation of knowledge
into good sexual practice.
Presenting author: Celia Flor Brillantes, 125 Private Road, Baguio Health
Department Compound, Baguio City, Philippines, Tel.: [phone], Fax:
[phone], E-mail: [email protected]
WePeC6196I Factors affecting condom usage among South
African adolescents
T Vergnani', A.J. Flisher2. IUniversity of the Western Cape, HIV/AIDS
Programmes, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag Xl 7, Beliville 7535,
South Africa; 2University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
Background: South Africa has one of the fastest growing HIV/AIDS epidemics
in hte world with particularly high infection rates among adolescents and young
adults. The challenge is to develop programmes to promote safer sex behaviour,
more specifically consistent condom use, that take into account the social and
cultural environment. This study investigated the influence of key psycho-social
variables from 4 key theories of behaviour on condom usage of adolescents in
the Cape Town metropolitan area. The independent variables included in the
study were: intention, attitudes, beliefs, norms, affect, health importance, AIDS
worry, perceived susceptibility to AIDS, condom availability, construct availability
and self-efficacy. They were derived from the HBM, SLT, TRA and Theory of Subjective Culture and Interpersonal Relations as well as the construct availability
model.
Methods: An elicitation study was conducted with 10 focus groups of learners
in order to ascertain the population-specific content of the key independent variables. A self-completion questionnaire was then administered to a random sample of 1987 grade 11 learners. Data were weighted and logistic and multiple regression analyses conducted to determine influece of independent variables on
both intention to use condoms and actual condom use. Data was analysed separately according to gender and race.
Results: The results showed that the most robust variable associated with condom use for all gender and race groups was the discussing condom use with
a sexual partner as well as thinking about condom use prior to coitus. Condom
availability, attitude toward condoms and self-standards were also shown to be
important variables. Less robust variables were beliefs, affect, norms, health importance, AIDS worry and perceived susceptibily.
Conclusions: Lifeskills programmes aimed at adolescents should include a component on negotiation about condom use and focus on self-standards and beliefs
about condoms.
Presenting author: Tania Vergnani, HIV/AIDS Programmes, University of the
Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa, Tel.: [phone]
2247, Fax: [phone], E-mail: [email protected]

WePeC6197 Piloting behavioral surveillance: results from the
Mexican experience
A.S. Norieqa Minichiello, G. Vargas, S.M. Bertozzi. National Institute of Public
Health, Mexico, 1 rue st. jean, 1203 geneva, Mexico
Background: The objective of this study was to pilot and modify a behavioral

surveillance methodology and questionnaires for use with MSM, FSWs, youth,
migrants and IDUs in Mexico. The methodology includes mapping, questionnaire
validation, sample size calculations, site selection, and guidelines for the application of the questionnaires. The study also aimed to establish baseline prevalences
of risk behaviors.
This abstract discusses results of all population except IDUs.
Methods: Three states were selected to pilot the methodology and apply the
questionnaires. Selection was based on HIV/AIDS prevalences, previous experience with behavioral studies and proximity to the implementing institution.
A 95% confidence level and behavioral data were used to calculate sample sizes.
Probability proportional to size (PPS) was used to select sites to revisit.
Results: In total, 11,373 questionnaires were administered. Data will be will be
available in February 2002.
Table 1: States, population, and number of questionnaires applied in each. Highlighting indicates the questionnaire validated in each state
State / Questionnaire Youth FSWs MSM Migrants Total
Morelos 1,508 7701 717 2,995
Michoacan 1,496 1,636 1,518 4,650
Puebla 1,496 1,518 714 3,728
Total 4,500 2,406 3,036 1,431 11,373
Statewide mapping was carried out and estimations of population sizes calculated.
Conclusions: The study provides data useful in program planning and a baseline
for comparison. Statewide mapping is essential and can be done with enough resources. Adaptations to scientifically rigorous methods are sometimes necessary.
The newly adapted methodology and tools allow for the future implementation of
behavioral surveillance in Mexico.' Sample size for FSWs in Morelos was modified because the universe size did not allow for the original sample size calculated
at 95%. This new sample size represents a confidence level of 87.5%.
Presenting author: alessandra noriega minichiello, 1 rue st. jean, 1203 geneva,
Switzerland, Tel.: [phone], Fax: [phone], E-mail: shanthi24
@hotmail.com
WePeC6198I Sexual risk behaviors and post intervention
educational program changes among dropout
students, in a vocational training program in
Castellon (Spain)
A. Fenosa Salillas, A. Polo Esteve, J. Trull6n Gas, C. Altava Padilla, I. Badenes
Franch. Conselleria Sanitat Castelldn, C/ Fernado El Cat6lico N' 24 -7E, 12005 -
Castell6n, spain, Castellon, Spain
Background. We are spending too many prevention resources on low risk population, while ignoring young people at higher risk.
Methods. Baseline questionnaire; two educational intervention sessions aimed
at increasing AIDS/STD knowledge, perceived susceptibility and skills related to
condom use and partner negotiation; two months later, the tests were answered
again.
Results. About 54.3% of 573 students, under 25, who answered the first test
as having had sexual intercourse at some time (46.7% under 18), and 59.1% as
having used condoms during their life time; 62.7% of the sample were under 19.
We compared the answers from the first and second test, of which 344 match at
the moment; the question would you refuse to have intercourse without a condom if your partner refused to use it, 23.7% vs 22.3% responded "not", 39.5% vs
28.8% responded "I don't know" and 36.8% vs 49% "yes", McNemar significance
test was 0.001; no significant differences were found either in sexual intercourse
experience or condom use. In 2000 new questions were added, 125 students
responded: 59.7% had talked about AIDS with the parents and 50.4% about condoms, to the item you cant tell if a person is am AIDS virus carrier just by looking
at them, 10% responded "yes" and 19.4% "I don't know", when asked if a person can get AIDS through anal sex without a condom 10.6% answered "not" and
35.8% "I don't know". Only 56.9% were sure the pill does not protect a woman
from the AIDS virus, about 57.5% were very worried, both, about getting AIDS
and getting pregnant; the median age at the time of the first sexual encounter
was 15.94 (range 12 to 19) and the median number of life time partners was
2.86 (range 1 to 7), 73.2% had used condoms during their most recent sexual
encounter and 21.2% had taken alcohol and/or other drugs. Conclusions. More
extensive interventions are needed to change behaviors. The additonal questions
offered a meaningful insight into this group.
Presenting author: Angelina Fenosa Salillas, C/ Fernado El Cat6lico No 24 -7E,
12005 - Castell6n, spain, Castellon, Spain, Tel.: [phone], Fax: [phone], E-mail: [email protected]
WePeC6 99 Sexual networks among men and STDs/HIV
epidemic in Indonesia

P Riono. University of Indonesia, Ciputat, Indonesia
Background: There has been debate over the magnituse of the HIV/AIDS epidemic would occur in Indonesia among diverse ethnic groups across the islands.
Since HIV epidemics are influenced by sexual networks pattern among men, then
it is very important to study sexual network patterns and factors that influence the
sexual networking among male groups in Indonesia and to determine to what ex