Abstract Book Vol. 2 [International Conference on AIDS (14th: 2002: Barcelona, Spain)]

124 Abstracts WePeC6170-WePeC6173

XIV International AIDS Conference

non-paying partners (p=0.02). A history of genital discharge or sore was reported
more frequently by company workers (p=0.007), they were more likely to continue with unprotected sex while symptomatic (p<0.01), and to take incomplete
treatment courses (p<0.0001). Laboratory tests yielded higher STD prevalence
rates among FSWs. Conclusion: FSWs and male company workers in communities of Western Kenya have different risk profiles for STD and HIV infection.
FSWs have a high rate of asymptomatic STD infection and tend to misperceive
non-paid sex as safe. Men, on the other hand, have a poor treatment-seeking
behaviour, advocate faithfulness, but practice multi-partner sex with low condom
use. For the highest possible impact on these communities, a HIV prevention
programme needs to address them separately and adjust its messages to these
group-specific risk profiles.
Presenting author: Ute Schwartz, P.O.Box 19676, Nairobi, Kenya, Tel.: [phone], Fax: [phone], E-mail: [email protected]
WePeC6170 Sexual practices of secondary school students in
Colombia. National Survey results and analysis
R. Garcia Bernal1, D.C. Caceres2, L.A. Moreno3, R. Luque3. 1 UNAIDS, Carrera
7 No. 77-21 Piso 9, Colombia; 2National Health Institute, Bogota, Colombia;
3Ministry of Health, Bogota, Colombia
Background: A confidential survey was administered to students from 9 to 11
grade, before starting an educational intervention, within the frame of a peereducation based project, conducted by Ministries of Health and Education. Survey results and analysis are presented here.
Methods: 20.840 surveys were administered in 134 schools of 66 municipalities.
Stratified analysis was conducted and geographical differences were determined.
A new composed variable was defined, scaled from 1 to 3, by combining the level
of condom use, and the number of sex partners during the last year. Selected
variables were included in a logistic regression model, determining p values and
odds ratios.
Results: 75% of respondents were between 13 and 18 yrs (median age 16 yr.);
42% referred previous penetrative sex: 40% vaginal, 15% oral, and 9.2% anal.
Median age for first intercourse was 14 yrs. 26% referred condom use in their first
intercourse. Among those who have had sex intercourse, 40% have had more
than one sex partner during the last year, 5% reported homosexual intercourse,
and 2.5% bisexual intercourse. 17.4% reported always using condom. A greater
proportion of respondents referring never using condom and referring bisexual
encounters, was reported in the Caribbean and North-Eastern regions. According to composed variable for risk behavior, it was also in the Caribbean region
were a higher level of "behavior of risk" was reported. A strong association between substance abuse and risky sex practices was also found.
Conclusions: Sex life of secondary school students in Colombia is characterized
by unsafe practices. Despite of ongoing educational and social marketing campaigns, consistent condom use is still very low, particularly in the country regions
where "machismo" has been historically more evident and recognized. Prevention
strategies must be reviewed, and strengthened or replaced. Particular emphasis
should be placed in the Caribbean region.
Presenting author: Ricardo Garcia Bernal, Carrera 7 No. 77-21 Piso 9, Colombia, Tel.: [phone], Fax: [phone], E-mail: [email protected].
org
WePeC6171I Trends in hiv-related risk behaviors among u.s.
adolescents, 1991-2001
L. Kann, J.A. Grunbaum, SA. Kinchen, R. Lowry, L.J. Kolbe. CDC, CDC, 4770
Buford Highway, NE, MS-K33, Atlanta, GA 30341, United States
Background: In the United States, half of all new cases of HIV infection are reported among adolescents. Sexual behaviors provide an important marker for the
level of risk for HIV infection throughout the adolescent population. Thus, it is important to understand how HIV-related risk behaviors among adolescents change
over time.
Methods: As part of the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System, 6 national
school-based surveys were conducted between 1991 and 2001 in the United
States. Each survey employed a three-stage cross-sectional sample of students
in grades 9-12 (ages 14-17). African American and Hispanic students were oversampled. Survey procedures allowed for anonymous participation. Students completed the self-administered questionnaire in their classrooms using a computerscannable questionnaire. Each survey provided self-report data from approximately 12,000 students. Secular trends were analyzed using logistic regression
analyses that controlled for sex, grade in school, and race/ethnicity and that simultaneously assessed linear and higher order time effects. Secular trends among
subgroups also were identified.
Results: From 1991-2001, significant linear decreases were identified in the
prevalence of lifetime sexual intercourse (from 54.1% to 45.6%) and multiple sex
partners (from 18.7% to 14.2%) among high school students nationwide. Simul
taneously, the prevalence of condom use among sexually active high school students increased linearly from 46.2% to 57.9%. Trends in these behaviors varied
among subgroups of youth defined by sex, grade, and race/ethnicity.
Conclusions: HIV-related risk behaviors have decreased steadily among high
school students during the past 10 years. These decreases reflect the broad efforts of families, schools, community-based organizations, and governments to
reduce the impact of the AIDS epidemic in the United States.

Presenting author: Laura Kann, CDC, 4770 Buford Highway, NE, MS-K33, Atlanta, GA 30341, United States, Tel.: [phone], Fax: [phone], E-mail:
Ikkl @cdc.gov
WePeC6172I The first national survey on knowledge, attitudes,
behaviour and practices (KABP) regarding AIDS
and other sexually transmitted infections in Israel
D. Chemtob1, B. Damelin1, N. Bessudo-Manorl, R. Hassman2, Y. Amikam3,
D. Tamir4. 1Department of Tuberculosis & AIDS, Public Health Services (PHS),
Ministry of Health (MOH), Department of Tuberculosis & AIDS, Ministry of
Health, POB 1176, Jerusalem 91010, Israel; 21srael AIDS Task Force, Tel Aviv,
Israel; 3International Relations Department, MOH, Jerusalem, Israel;
4Department of Health Promotion, PHS, MOH, Jerusalem, Israel
Background: This study was designed to establish a KABP database on AIDS
and other Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI's), in order to identify the central
messages for future AIDS public campaigns and allow subsequent monitoring of
trends.
Methods: A national sample of 800 individuals, aged 18-45, was interviewed
telephonically in September 2000 and its 51 questions were analyzed.
Results: Good knowledge was displayed on known modes of HIV transmission
(unprotected sexual intercourse [99%], re-use of syringes [97%], vertical transmission [85%]). Incorrect notions included transmission via insect bites [34%],
kissing [29%], and public toilets [21%]. Motivation for condom use was 87% for
AIDS/STI and 73% for contraception. Overall, 8% believed themselves to be at
high risk of HIV infection, 18% believed it of their friends and 50% regarded the
general Israeli population at high risk. Females were significantly more likely to
feel safe without condoms only after HIV testing (61% compared to 44% for males,
p<0.001).
In the past 3 months, overall, each person averaged 1.32 sexual partners,
whereas singles without steady partners averaged 2.04 partners. Condoms were
used at least once by 68%; 41% of current condom users wore them every time.
Among singles without steady partners, 32% used them always & 18% used them
most of the time in the past year. Nevertheless, only 18% of all condom users continued using them until being tested for HIV (1/3 had previously undergone HIV
testing, one sixth in the past year).
Conclusions: This first national population-based AIDS/STI survey indicates the
discrepancies between knowledge, which tended to be high, attitudes, which perceived the "other" at greater risk than the 'self', and finally, behavioural practices,
which reflected particular disregard for safe sex practice before HIV testing. Consequently, our campaign message was "don't take it off until testing negative".
Presenting author: Daniel Chemtob, Department of Tuberculosis & AIDS, Ministry of Health, POB 1176, Jerusalem 91010, Israel, Tel.: [phone], Fax:
[phone], E-mail: daniel.chemtob @ moh.health.gov.il
WePeC6173 Sexual behavior of young adults and knowledge of
HIV/AIDS in Mozambique
L. Morris1, E. Mazive2, N. Prata3, A. Vergara4, R. Badiani5, A. Honwana2,
A. Balate2. 1 CDC, DRH/CDC, MS K-35, 1600 Clifton Rd. NE, Atlanta, GA,
United States; 2INE, Maputo, Mozambique; 3 UCAL/Berkeley Berkeley CA,
United States; 4CDC, Maputo, Mozambique; 5UNFPA, Maputo, Mozambique
Background: Although estimates show an increasing prevalence of HIV in
Mozambique, with about half of new infections among young adults aged 15-24,
policy makers and program officials do not have adequate population based data
for this age group to develop program and evaluation strategies.
Methods: To obtain data on sexual behavior and knowledge of HIV/AIDS among
young adults, a national probability household survey was conducted in 2001.
Complete interviews were obtained for 5,342 females (87% response rate) and
5,140 males aged 15-24 years (81% response rate). The male and female samples were independent.
Results: 79% of females reported sexual experience, 72% of them reporting preunion sexual experience; 74% of males had sexual experience, 97% reporting
pre-union experience. Only 7% of females and males used contraception at first
intercourse. About two-thirds of females and 90% of males with premarital sexual experience had sexual intercourse in the past three months; 26% of females
(or their partners) used condoms and 23% of males used condoms, up from 2%
and 7%, respectively, reported in the 1997 DHS. Only 9% of females and 57%
of males report 2 or more partners in the last 12 months. About 80% of young
adults have heard of HIV/AIDS, and 77% of this group know that a person can
have HIV without being sick. Most young adults know that HIV is transmitted by
sexual relations but fewer than a third know that transmission is possible by nonsterile needles and less than 10% could name one of the three possible means
of MCT transmission. Only 22% of females and 38% of males know where to get
a test for HIV infection. Three-fourths would care for an infected family member
but one-half would keep the illness a secret.
Conclusions: Youth should be at the center of strategies to control HIV infec
tion. The population based data from this survey provides information to program
officials and policy makers to enable them to design more effective programs.
Presenting author: Leo Morris, DRH/CDC, MS K-35, 1600 Clifton Rd. NE, Atlanta, GA, United States, Tel.: [phone], Fax: [phone], E-mail:
Imorris @ cdc.gov