Bridging the Gap: Conference Record [Abstract book, International Conference on AIDS (12th: 1998: Geneva, Switzerland)]

1038 Abstracts 60212-60217

12th World AIDS Conference

Conclusion: Treatment with acupuncture appears to be highly successful in
reducing ALT levels in persons dually infected with HIV and chronic viral HCV or
HBV. A larger study is indicated in order to confirm these results.
60212 Pneumopathies in children with AIDS:
Clinicopathological correlations
Ana Carolina Rodrigues, C.A. Basilio1, N. Rubini1, M.A. Santos1, H.A. Valle1,
J.A. Lima1, P.A. Correa1. Av. Melo Matos 39/1202, Rio de Janeiro; 1 Gaffree
Guinle University Hospital, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
Objectives: To determine rate of pneumopathies in autopsies of children with
AIDS, and its correlation with clinical diagnosis.
Methods: A retrospective study of 13 autopsies of children with AIDS performed between 1989 and 1996 at Gaffree Guinle University Hospital, was made
by systematic histopathological examination and immunohistochemical methods.
Clinical findings were assessed by reviewing hospital files.
Results: The demographic characteristics were: males 7 (53.85%), whites 7
(53.85%), median of age 6 months (range 1 to 57 months). The Centers for
Disease Control (CDC) 1994 Revised Classification for Children was C in 10
cases (76.92%) and B in 3 cases (23.08%). In all cases there was HIV vertical
transmission. Pneumopathies were present in 100% of cases, with the following
distribution: cytomegalovirus (CMV) 4 (30.77%), pyogenic bacteria 3 (23.08%),
lymphocitic interstitial pneumonitis (LIP) 2 (15.38%), Mycobacterium tuberculosis 2 (15.38%), Pneumocystis carinii 2 (15.38%), Candida albicans 1 (7.69%),
Toxoplasma gondii 1 (7.69%). CMV and pyogenic bacteria coinfection was seen
in 1 case and CMV and Pneumocystis carinii coinfection was seen in another
case. Pneumopathy was the cause of death in 9 cases (69.23%), and was not
suspected in 2 cases (22.22% of pneumopathies).
Conclusions: The lung is a usual target in children with advanced AIDS, being CMV infection the most prevalent pneumopathy. The pathological conditions
which affect this organ are not always clinically identified, what may interfere in
the prognosis of those patients.
60213 Evaluation of an intervention for the prevention of
HIV/AIDS in the fishermen population of Galicia (Spain)
and the north region of Portugal
Isabel M. Graha1, J.L. Aboal2, F. Amaro3, H. Lecour3, J. Monteagudo2, A. Mota4,
J.A. Taboada2. 1D.X. Saude Publica-Camiho Frances 10 15771 Santiago De
Compostela (Galicia); 2Direcci6n Xeral De Saude Publica Santiago Compo St.,
Spain; 3Universidade Porto, Porto; 4Faculatade De Medicina, Porto, Portugal
Issue: Intervention strategy: a) Information: elaboration and distribution of informative materials (posters, stickers, calender cards and booklets), b) Health
education for sailors, their family members and people they live whith: courses
and discussions, c) Provision of prevention materials: Condoms.
Project: The evaluation process consisted on: A questionary passed before, in
the middle and at the end of the campaign to a randomized sample of fishermen.
This questionary was designed for the ocassion to study the level of knowledge
about HIV/STD's transmission (how it is and is not transmitted), and the existence
of discrimination in the workplace.
Results: In the middle of the campaign, there aren't any significant differences
with the control group in respect to the level of knowledge about the disease, the
transmission modes and the preventive measures. At the end of the campaing,
the main results were: 1) The knowledge about transmission routes and means of
prevention is correct. 2) The courses were proven as the most effective instrument
to modify erroneous concepts. 3) An important change ocurred regarding high
risk situations in maintaining sexual relations with prostitutes: the frequency of
these relations decreased and the use of condoms showed some increment, 4)
As the level of knowledge about how HIV is not transmitted is higher, the level
of acceptance of an eventually infected workmate is also higher.
Lessons Learned: The future work should be oriented to: fight against discrimination in the work place, increase condom use, emphasize the knowledge
about "how the virus is not transmitted".
60214 An "alternative therapy" for disseminating AIDS
knowledge to members of the workplace - The Hong
Kong experience
William Kam, O.C. Lin, S.Y. Chan, S.K. Cheng. Hong Kong AIDS Foundation,
5th Floor Shaukeiwan Jockey Club Clinic, 8 Chai Wan Road, Hong Kong
Issues: With AIDS affecting the most economically productive members (aged
20-40) of our society, it is imperative for companies to implement AIDS education
for their employees. Unfortunately not every employer places a high priority to
AIDS education. This is especially so when the Asian countries, including Hong
Kong, are experiencing a severe economic turmoil. To ensure the dissemination
of AIDS knowledge to employees, the Hong Kong AIDS Foundation attempted to
make use of other means and avenues for the education effort.

Project: This project aimed to promote the implementation of AIDS education
and the formulation of AIDS policy in the workplace. Intervention programs which
included talks, seminars and workshops catered to the requirements of participants and designed with materials from a set of training package and policy
manual produced were organized for personnel of both the private and the public
sectors. To overcome the apathetic response from the employers, we attempted
other alternatives to educate our target population. These included (1) focusing

our effort on staff working in hospitals or welfare agencies less affected by the
economic crisis, (2) approaching labor unions instead of companies; (3) contacting different community centers well attended by the local working population;
(4) modifying the training package to suit the specific need of the target; and (5)
organizing territory wide seminars and workshop for participation of employees
of companies at a comparatively low cost.
Results: This new set of strategies has been started for only a few months and
it may be too early to draw a conclusion on the results. However our experiences
have demonstrated that the use of other alternatives to drive home the knowledge
to the target audience is wise and useful.
Lessons Learned: The use of other ways as an alternative to get in touch with
the targets is not only desirable but effective.
160215 The cost of delivering a cognitive-behavioral HIV risk
reduction intervention: A multisite comparison
Steven D. Pinkerton, D.R. Holtgrave, M.E. Turk, K.L. Hackl, W.J. Difranceisco.
The NIMH Multisite AIDS Prevention Trial; CAIR Med College of WI 1201 N
Prospect Ave Milwaukee WI 53202, USA
Background: HIV prevention program planners and policy makers need accurate
information about the costs of different intervention strategies. Intervention cost
data were collected as part of a large multisite HIV prevention trial that investigated the effectiveness of a seven session, small group, cognitive-behavioral
HIV risk reduction intervention for N = 1851 clients of STD clinics and women
attending primary health care facilities. Session content covered such topics as
HIV/AIDS knowledge, identifying and managing risk triggers, problem-solving
in risk situations, condom use, interpersonal assertiveness and communication
skills to negotiate safer sex, and maintenance of safer sex behaviors. The results
of a detailed cost analysis of the intervention, as implemented at seven distinct
sites across the US, are reported herein. To our knowledge, this is the first
study to document the variability in implementation costs for a standardized HIV
prevention curriculum.
Methods: Standard methods of prevention program cost analysis were used.
Analyses were conducted from both a societal and provider perspective. Costs
included in the provider perspective analysis included intervention materials,
personnel costs, staff transportation, and overhead. Societal perspective costs
additionally included monetary incentives, food provided during the sessions,
client transportation, and child care.
Results: The mean societal cost of delivering the intervention was $278 per
client, with a range of $230 to $312. Client-related costs (incentives, food, transportation, and child care) accounted for 59% of the total; material and personnel
costs for 5% each; staff transportation for less than 1%; and overhead for 31%. The
mean provider cost was $40 per client, with a range of $32 to $50. Main sources
of cost variability included staff compensation and client incentives (money and
food).
Conclusions: The average per-client cost of this intervention was comparable to that reported for similar HIV prevention interventions. Client-centered
costs, such as incentives, accounted for a substantial proportion of total intervention costs. The variation in costs observed across sites suggests that care is
needed when generalizing the results of cost analyses to different geographical,
institutional, or organizational situations.
60216 Integration program of people who live with HIV on
Mutual Aid Group (GAM)
Marco A. Herrera Navarrete. PSJE. Austro 280, Urb. Tupac Amaru San Luis,
Lima, Peru
Issue: To identify people living with HIV/AIDS to integrate them to participate in
a GAM.
Project: People who belong to "Germinando" GAM were trained to make a
special work named "Educadores de Pares". We interviewed 120 people that
usually go to places considered as "High Risk Zones", for example pornographic
cinemas, discos and "Points of Meeting" (streets, squares, etc.).
Results: We found 40.0% of these people have had some high risk sexual
experience in their life, 32.5% have been tested for HIV-Elisa and 3.3% admitted
to be HIV positive. We also got 4.2% tested for HIV-Elisa by first time, however
14.2% did not accede to be interviewed. At the same time 5.8% were integrated
to "Germinando" GAM.
Lessons Learned: All people included in this research living with HIV/AIDS
and did not assume their diagnostic were integrated our "Germinando" GAM to
improve their quality lives.
|60217 Low cost protein diet for people living with HIV/AIDS
Oluwadare Malomo, I. Fakande. Centre for Medical & Social Sciences Research
& Development, PO Box 15063 Agodi Po Ibadan, Nigeria
Soybean, a cheap source of protein available, was processed into milk and solid

meal diets.
Milk prepared after seeds were cleaned, soaked, dehulled, milled, sieved,
pasteurised and packaged; while meal was prepared after cleaning, roasting,
dehulling, winnowing, milling and packaging into 5 kg polythene bags.
Diets were administered to the HIV/AIDS patients - 1 litre of milk intake daily,
while (solid) meal was added to carbohydrate-based meal of choice in ratio
1:3.