Abstracts Vol. 1 [International Conference on AIDS (11th: 1996: Vancouver, Canada)]

Tu.D.2894 - Tu.D.2903

Tuesday July 9, 1996

Tu.D.2894
PSI HAITI CONDOM SOCIAL MARKETING: INDEPENDENTVENDORS
Gamier Luc,* Grimard, B.,* Cato, M.,* Clark, R.** *PSI/Haiti; **PSI/AIDSCAP/Kenya
Issue: Latent condom demand by retailers and consumers in low income neirhborhoods
beyond the reach of mnajor arterials remained untapped by the project's established comnmercial and NGO condom distribution channels through late 1994.
Project: In December 1991, PSI provided condom social marketing training to I5 y oung
adults representing low-income Port -au- Prince neighborhoods.Training included direct sales
techniques. STD/AIDS information, product pricing policies, project reporting and accounting, and condom use demonstration techniques. Nine participants received a free starter
stock of 480 project brand condoms (PAN TE) which they were to sell to retailers and indi
viduals in their neighborhood ("Avon lady" style).The profit from these first sales was used
by these "Independent Vendors" to buy more condoms from the project at a discounted
price of 10 gourdes (about 70 US cents) per box of 120.The conditions for continued
access to the discounted price were threefold: I) adherence to pricing policies; 2) compliance with reporting requirements; and 3) making sales 'off the-beaten-track' thus avoiding
those retailers along principal arterials that are more efficiently serviced by commercial or
NGO distribution channels. Attractive profit margins were designed to motivate the
Independent Vendors to meet these conditions and to actively promote PANTE to their
neighbors. Quantity sales to retailers (minimum I box) result in a 10 gourde (1 00%) profit
per box for the Independent Vendor and the more time consuming unit sales direct to consumers (minimum one 3-pack for I gourde) result in a 400% profit. A salaried project sales
representative supervises the activities of the Independent Vendors.
Results: The results have been phenomenal. After one year, only the five rmost motivated
Vendors remain but these five account for almost one third of all project sales (I 995 project sales hit 5 million condoms, a 33% increase over 1994).The Vendors pocket an average
profit of 2,000 gourdes per month (compared to Haiti's daily minimum wage of 15 gourdes). PSI intends to replicate this strategy in other urban areas of Haiti.
Lessons learned: Four Vendors representing neighborhoods with low consumer demand
dropped out of the program due to insufficient financial incentive. Strategies that include
Independent Vendors must also include intensive demand creation activities in targeted
locales.
Luc Garnier, PSI DABACO, S.A., 272 rue de magazin de I'Etat, Port-au-Prince, Haiti,
Telephone: [phone] I Fax: [phone]
Tu.D.2897
USING TRADITIONAL THEATER IN MOZAMBIQUE
Davis, Clayton.* *PSI/Mozambique. Maputo, Mozambique
Issue: Traditional forms of communication, specifically drama, can be valuable tools to educate people on AIDS prevention.
Project: With funding from USAID and the Dutch Embassy PSI/Mozambique commissioned
a professional theater group to write and perform an AIDS prevention play Because of
widespread interest and popularity regional theater groups were subsequently trained to
perform the play throughout the countryToday seven different groups conduct performances in the national language (Portuguese) as well as seven local languages.
The play conveys information in a way that elicits an emotional response in the audience,
ultimately increasing their awareness of AIDS as a disease that could alter their lives in the
same way it does the protagonist in the play and motivating them to adopt safer sex practices. While alternately filled with humor and sadness, dance and music, the play effectively
portrays the choices that people now face in their lives. After the play members of the theater troupe answer individual questions that the play has prompted. In addition, the actors
hold contests on AIDS knowledge based upon information in an accompanying pamphlet
and invite two male and two female members of the audience to do condom demonstrations.The drama group finishes the performance with another short skit designed to
address the local issues present in that area and to reinforce the HIV/AIDS prevention messages.
Results: During 1995, 287 performances were conducted for an estimated total of more
than 35,000 people in the target audience.
Lessons learned: Traditional theater can be an effective way to educate people, provided
that it's localized, appropriately dramatized, and accessible to people in a familiar and comfortable setting. Following the play's performance, the discussions among men and women
also has proven to be effective because it enables candid conversation and the opportunity
for actors to reinforce messages portrayed in the sketch. Preliminary results of the impact
of the play will be available by early June. Increased donor funding indicates further support
and has allowed expansion of this worthwhile approach throughout Mozambique.
Clayton Davis, PSI/Mozambique, Av. Patrice Lumumba, No. 204 C.P 4059, Maputo,
Mozambique Telephone: [phone] Fax: 01 1-258- I 430636
Tu.D.2899
PARTICIPATORY RESEARCH WITH ADOLESCENTS TO DEVELOP APPROPRIATE
MEDIA PRODUCTS FOR HIV, STD AND PREGNANCY PREVENTION
Warren, Parker. Society for Family Health/Population Services International/South Africa,
Johannesburg, South Africa
Issue: Target audiences are seldom actively incorporated into the development of preventative media products relevant to their contexts.
Project: Two groups of adolescents were selected on a voluntary basis to take part in a
series of focus group and workshop sessions. One group was part of a post-school leadership development programme, whilst the other were school pupils in standards eight and
nine.The workshops included songs and role plays and incorporated deep and open discussions around sexuality. Condom use was demonstrated and condoms were distributed dur
ing the process.
Results: The approach allowed media/health workers to engage in open dialogue around
sexuality A series of media products emerged through the participatory activities including
radio advertisements, posters, slogans and t-shirts.The media products incorporated lingustic and cultural perspectives of the two target groups and integrated HIV/AIDS, STDs and
pregnancyThe focus group process allowed for deep reflection on qualitative assessment of
knowledge and attitudes of participants. In evaluation of the intervention, the vst majority
of particpants indicated an nterest in utilizing their experiences in the workshops and the

media produt pr,
Commitment to coii
Lessons Learned' A p
products and provprevention ac t

'I colporl e t i 5f peer io-ile I",i r'I I
1 ' I:e was lso indiIcated.
ti; ptory proc(rs icrn ( be utilizedilo deel o: h r Ito poteirntrla f)peerrbased FtIlVIIt, 31

Parker W arren, PI/u,> '.r, \ica, Society crO Fam r y Hieailth, I PI iio r/ t (i J
Park 2006, Johannesbc rg, rS:cth Afn i tr ephone:0!1 2-l II 48 I- /F,.r I 2/ I -t.
333
Tu.D.290 I
SOUTH ASIAN IMMIGRANTS' RISK FACTORS FOR HIV TRANSMISSION IN
VANCOUVER, CANADA
Manson-Sin er Sharon* N\ill s,tt, Adrienr, A.0, Godln, Mtlk fT I
P&. * University of British Columbia; Mc-aster University; a, LRSP Mont tr i 5J r
Hospital; " Universite Laval;^ ' University of W indsor; L& 5a cr en Ial- i.e ty
Objective: To determine the risk factoers for HIV transmission l the growing, 5t, Aia
community in Vancouver using a multi method commiunit based researh st.,ieIr iI ii,r
sociocultural investigationr and survey methods. this wa s rpat rof -,i t,
six ethnocultural cormmunities in Canada.
Methods: Using a modified rapid anithropoogical assest nt tool IkrI '
of health behaviours, 12 key members of the South Asiran rt omnits nie \e rc iteric.d.
These data provided Interview questions for use in 9 focus groups.it.r c -.
men who had sex with menr in the South Asian conmrnities for stotal,f72 pr ia'
Focus group responses provided data for selecting specft r cin t i'icr l tl
inclusion in the survey phase. Condom ise with non-marital pa tne s,.e it el', I.en
selected to test. 364 South Asian males fromn 18-45 years were Inte ve'.cHd iy ii,,
tionnaire in both English and Punjabi. Questi onnaires were d itr -d ci; 1 F5,,-,p Ir i
interviwers using 25 community based organizations. A comm n ity avis, )Ii, ' -p 5c.I'
feedback on results and guidance for appropriateness of r esearch etho,,.
Results: Survey results indicate that single South Asian men report ih h i,
tion of new sexual relationships in the past year (75%), in contrast to rmaied i ' i.
reported high rates of fidelity (75%). Less than he f of all the respo dtnn' sedIon or,
consistently Among those who had sex with newn partners, 4 1% repo te 5 iai tl-a,!
intercourse with no difference in condom rise than in vaginalterco'i, i tr ne,, i
of knowledge about AIDS with only 39% reporting awareness of AIDS ca15 ', 'r l r
their community and only 30% believing that AIDS is a problem fo tei i or i.i t
results are in agreement with earlier resultst which found h i h I,vels o t All c.,lr,
cultural dating before marriage, high prneniumns on female virg inity nbcl i Iit,
men should be sexually active. Won en are expected to be respt orIci rIo, 5 5 t i
which should be unobtrusive. AIDS is per ceived as a gay white 1sese 'dep h ti' I
behaviounr.
Conclusions: These iresults demonstrate that Canada needs et noc ti al; i All0)
information, awarerness and preverntion programs. Specifically t' Soin Aiar n t'.
require information that is gender and marital status speclfic, rgristicall 1 l l,,il,
appropriate to prevent HIV tsraslSSl
Sharon Manson-Singer Centre for lirHuan Settlements, 2206 Easilst al,Va nr,: (
IZ3TeI: [phone]
Tu.D.2902
VOLUNTEERISM AND SUSTAINABILITY WITHIN THE IMMIGRANT POPULATION:
NINETIES AND BEYOND.
Pumla Malebogo. Africans in Partnership Against AIDSTor nto ( )nita r (i
Issue: Sustainability of the volunteer program nme in t9 rm
nineties.
Project: A volunteer coordiniator was remployed it AtA to iit rI
the volunteer programme within the agency Strategiths incldeisttl-Sr r ' ' ''it rI 1 5 ii.: n, [I
priate spaces for the people with IHIV/AIDS living in the comni nit, so t, thei n'ni, 0
participate and contribute to the agency s decision making p,ices I ts. is di -, ' it It
ing the service users to be volunteers wittin the agency. Makin,,sur It itthe volrs
programme fits the needs of the clients/service users.- he vonuteer ar(r[(:,
bring their peers, partners and family merhers.The agency recruits and places t,.olun
teers to match the needs of the clients in t erms of culture, U rr cc i Le in t tin O
are placed in training on basic facts about rIrV/AIDS,'T ain the Ti ln'r an t ih
House training.
Results:Through establishing a recruc itncrt plan which too(in cr jei ctc
diversity the agency did respond to the needs and the interests of the co on 'it,
Recruiting service users as voluntleers has proved useful for bo h therared i n not-Ic.c t
vice users.Especially the individual participation from the diverseb chIio nd, tr- ir;n
perspectives proved to be a valuable resou rce.
Lessons Learned: Community -based initiatives must be repres nc it oi c- i
the communities they serve.
Pumla Malebogo, Africans in Partnership Against AIDS, Toronto. trio, -l d I I
Tu.D.2903
IMMIGRANTS AND HIV INFECTION:THE ROLE OF COUNSELLING.
Spizzichino Laura Gattri h, Caseai P,Venezia S., Zaccareli M ' Rezz
Dependency Unit, S. Splrito Hospital, 'tstiluto Superiore di Sanit. Rore. Its
Objective: To evaluate the demographic and behavioral c i(li l 1 ) 1 I. i in
among immigrants attending an t IV ii for HIV testing and folo t
Methods: The center offers a routinary program, including: medical l 1. 0
(with anti-HIV antibodies), pre/post test counselling, and cin. -t,
includes distribauion of leafets i n oei language and psychon - 5cal r.5 - r 1 I, n
sent analysis refers to follow up data of a number of ii ntirS in ni
the study period.
Results: Between Junuary 1993 and ece ber 1995, 528 imi i ti((i I it n --
of whom I70 returned for at least os- follow vis55I Sixty I - t
immigrants were injecting drug uses (1[s), 7 (40. er n in us 5'.,
prostitution: 36 were from Brazil, 26 fr Colr ia, fri sn A! i. i e n I i I 4 I 3