Abstracts Vol. 1 [International Conference on AIDS (11th: 1996: Vancouver, Canada)]

Track D: Social Science: Research, Policy & Action
implement, as she forms an important risk group. As conclusion, she will encourage herself
and show the way to other HIV positive women, to come to light. I his attitude will make
the rest of people take under consider the importance of the risk.
Specifics Objectives: I. Information to organized groups women about HIV legislation,
Women Rights, STD/AIDS, prevention, and prevention behavior 2. Attain them to change
inadecuated conducts to preventive conducts. 3. Obtain a multipicrator effect ol trained HIV
positive women's knowledge. 4. Induce Women to require a detection HIV Clinic Analysis. 5.
Unify organisms making works together.
Methodology: To form a multi-disciplinary group with women belonging to NCK)is.They will
not leave their original group.They will help being a link with other organisations.The new
multidisciplinary group must work in this common project.
The Goals Are: I. Interchange information. 2. Unify dispersed labor force, and use with efficacy the existence resources. 3. Diagram the upbringing activities to give thens to the comunity. 4. Form a settled reception office. 5. Form a mobile office (in a bus) for visiting different
districts. (information, blood samples withdrawal)
Conclusion:The incorporation of HIV positive women to NGoOs as a ONGs unification
implement, contributes to improve the preventive reply to HIV/AIDS problem. For she is
family's axle and niain educator at family group.
Carmen M. Saenz Porras
Tu.D.2785
MY LIFE IS NOT OVER
Alla Tusti
I am HIV-positive woman 26 years old. I know that I am HIV-positive 6 and half of year. In
1989 I lived in Moscow and studied in Moscow university I did must to go out from the
university because other students and teachers knew that I am HIV-positive. My mother
lived in small Russian town. She said that she doesn't want to live with me together because
she worries about her reputation.That time in Russia was no organisation supporting HIVpositive people and I had so much difficulties I was lucky when I met In Moscow hospital
HIV-positive man from Estonia and we were married with him. I came to Estonia. After two
years Estonia became independent. I received Estonian citizenship. In I1993 in Estonia was
founded first society of HIV-positive people.We began to fight for our hunar rights. I was
only one HIV-positive woman in Estonia who took an active part in this organisation. In
summer 1993 I was in Berlin at the IX International Conference on AIDS where net first
time HIV-positive women from Western Europe and other countries. It was very interesting
and useful meeting. From 1993 to 1996 Estonian positives had much contacts with organisations of HIV-positive people from Latvia, Lithuania, Finland and Sweden.
In 1995 my private life was changed. I divorced with my husband. We didn't love more each
other.We were both still healthy and everyone could begin new life. After that I met HIVnegative man who loves me in spite of I am HIV-positive.We just rmanried with him and I
am happy again. Life is going on.
AllaTusti, Pk II 50Tallinn, Ee0013 Estonia 372 2 478289
Tu.D.2786
SEX MASKS:THE DOUBLE LIFE OF FEMALE COMMERCIAL SEX WORKERS IN
MEXICO CITY.
Castaneda, Xochitl*, Ortiz,Victor**, Allen, Betania,* Hernandez-Avila, Mauricio.* "Center for
Populational Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Mexico. *National
Council for AIDS Prevention (CONASIDA), Mexico.
Objective: To approach commercial sex in Mexico City from two theoretical points of view:
conceiving it as one type of"social schizophrenia" within patriarchal capitalism and locating
it within a specific cultural universe which we will illustrate using elements of symbolic
anthropology
Methods: The study included FCSW from four different socio-economic levels and three
types of work sites. Fourteen focus group sessions were moderated by a woman psychologist with 130 FCSW An anthropologist used ethnographic instruments (in-depth interviews,
body imagery life history, narratives) to conduct seven in-depth interviews.
Results: FCSW who work in Mexico City live in a constant double bind, playing roles considered to be opposites- mother and "prostitute" --and are profoundly affected by society's double standard for women.Their complex reactions to society's conflicting norms
include justifying sex work as a better paying employment opportunity for women, as a
necessary evil, and as a type of social service, while at the same time hiding their profession
from their families. FCSW live out an archetypal gender role conflict, their selves divided
between the mother/"saint" and the sex worker/"whore".This conflict affects their lives in
many ways, including their identity and self-image, communication with their families and
friends, personal relationships, etc.The between FCSW's double identities, their two lives, is
created and sustained through images, rituals, symbols and myths. "Making up" is the creation of the sex worker and is used symbolically as a non-osmotic niembrane that prevertts
psychic contact between FCSW's two selves.
Conclusions: This reflection proposes elements to be used to design rutturally appropriate
programs for prevention of HIV/AIDS transmission among FCSW in Mexico City including:
the weight which FCSW give to motherhood: condom promotion as a pthysical and symbolic barrier between the professional and private life of FCSW and the reed Icr target
FCSW's rejection of condom use in their private sex lives.
Betania Allen, Centro de Investigaciones en Salud Publica, Instituto Nacional de Salud
Publica, Av. Universidad 655, Col. Sta. Ma. Ahuacatitlan, C.P 62508, Cuernavaca, Morelos,
Mexico.Telephone: (52-73)- I I -0 I- I I, ext. 2750. Fax: (52-73)- I - II -48.
Tu.D.2787
WOMEN'S PERCEPTION ON SERIOUSNESS OF AIDS IN NEPAL
Suvedi B. K National Center for AIDS and STD Control, Kathmandu, Nepal
Issue:The consequences of AIDS might not be perceived very threatening by Nepalese women
due to ignorance and low IEC activities on AIDS, which is targeted mainly to literate people.
Project: Randomly selected educated Nepalese women from various districts and walks of

life responded to a semi openended questionnaire.The study was conducted from
September 1994 to May 1995.
Results: A total of 4 I 2 responses were obtained. A overwhelming majority (>98%) stated
that AIDS is going to be a serious problem for Nepal.The factors for this were mentioned

Tu.D.2785 - Tu.D.2793
as high migration rate of young people, high promiscuous behavior and ignorance about
AIDS. Many feel that AIDS will have very serious consequences in economic and social life
especially for wonmen. Women will suffer more burden than males due to their social status
and stigma attached with AIDS. Immediate and effective AIDS prevention activities and education to women was stressed.
Lessons Learned: Awareness on AIDS has been considerably increased among educated
women of Nepal. However, the illiterate mass might be unaware of consequences of AIDS.
So, effective AIDS prevention activities with good IEC component targeted to behavior
change should be continued to cover the illiterate groups also.
Bal Krishna Suvedi, PO. Box 2323, GPO Kathmandu, Nepal
Tu.D.279 I
CONDOM USE AND HIV/AIDS RELATED KNOWLEDGE (A CASE STUDY OF
MAKERE UNIVERSITY STUDENTS)
Kash S.W, Sentumbwe S; Lubowa D., Nakkazi D., Sebuliba. M. Centre For Peace
Resear ch, fKanpala Uganda.
Objective: To Determinre the knowledge, attitude, and behavioural responce to HIV/AIDS
among Makerere University Students.
Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was done. Respondents were randomly selected using multistage sampling methods. Data collection was done using a self administered
cormbined closed and open ended questionnaire, and qualitative data by focus group discussions. Data entry and analysis was done using Epiinfo statistical package and content analysis
on qualitative data. 423 respondents (71.6% males, and 28.4% females) were enrolled in the
study Peak age was 20-24 yrs. Generally all students, 100% had good knowledge about
Causes transmission, signs & symptoms and prevention of HIV/AIDS. 6 1% reported to be
sexually active and 91.4% of these reported to have started sex between 15-24y Most students (M=67. I% F=82%) reported an average of 2-4 sex partners within the last year:
Most of the respondents (94%) had ever seen a condom however only 10.4% used the
condonm to prevent HIV/AIDS. Although the majority of the respondents showed willingness to buy a condom (33.9%) were not willing to buy a condomn
Conclusion: Although AIDS knowledge is very high Condom use is very low and there stil
exist risky sexual behaviour that permits continued HIV transmission.
Dr Kasir ye Sulnrinr, Sonnenburg Strasse 16 A-6020 Innsbruck (Fax [phone])
Eel 00435125073'40/I
Tu.D.2792
AIDS SCHOOL PROGRAM:ASSISTING TEACHERS
Rocha Fatima Cromack, L. Pires, D. Carvalho, RAlmeida, C. Brito, M Lima, M. Fausto, D.
*Secretriit of Public Health of Rio de Janeiro, **rUniversity of Rio de Janeiro
Issue: The beginning of sexual life without prevention among adolescents shows the importance of a work addressed to them.
Project: An AIDS School Program assisting teachers to implement projects on AIDS prevention in their schools was created in 1992 involving 4 public institutions of Rio de Janeiro.
In order to participate in this Program the Local Public Education authorities of each city
have to accomplish these steps: a formal agreement that assures an institutional participation of the educators, the election of a group of 25 teachers to attend a 24 hour workshop
on AIDS prevention based on group dynamics, each school has to plan its project, organization of a local coordination group of this program formed by the trained educators, participation in the supervision meetings between the general and local coordination. Specially
noteworthy activities: research on material referring to sex education, and STD/AIDS, a survey to determine the level of interest of 1,000 state school teachers in the theme, a survey
with 363 students to evaluate the level of information on AIDS and how are their behavior
and attitudes considering the syndrome.
Results: Six cities were engaged in the Program, what means 10 I schools.The workshop
was considered a good strategy to involve educators, exchange information and acceptance
of living with HIV persons in schools.Three of the cities are reproducing the training with
other teachers
Lessons learned: It is very important to involve all levels of Education Policy System and to
extend the discussion of AIDS prevention to other communities organizations.The importance of the local level involvement reinforce the Public Health and Education Policy
Structure of the country that claims for the decentralization of the decisions to the city
government.
F. Rocha, Rua Serafirnm Valandro 23/204 Botafogo- R.J. - Brasil
Telephone: [phone] I Fax: 55 02 I 262 I1824
Tu.D.2793
TV OPEN CHANNEL LONG DISTANCE TEACHING FOR AIDS, STD AND DRUGS
PREVENTION
Neg o liaroi, us P., Rodrigues, aii, G.M Bellicci, Silvia, Losres, Lus A.M., Santos, Cledy E.
N q trornar STta/AtDS Program, Ministry csf Health. Brasilia, Brazil.
Issues: I. Childi rr and adolescents hiave the right to receive AIDS/STD ansd drug preventirs edlucatiiorsoperly 2.Teachers save the knwledge that an adequate training is necesicry in order so hr~rve thus right developed.
Project: In Braz il, there are about 30 500 000 students aged 4 to 19 years and around
1,500,000 teachers, who are distributed among 200,000 schools.The Brazilian National
Program on STD/AIDS has been urgently enabling these teachers, as the AIDS epidemic
demands, through open channel long distance teaching by a National Television Broadcast,
TV Educativm linked with the Ministry of Education.Two thousand "telestations" are established throughout the country in order to provide teachers with the improvement courses.
the AIDS iD a nd drug use prevention course is a special TV set called "It is Always Better
to Prevent, which is divided into two phases: the first phase is addressed to teachers of 13
to I9 year old students, with I8 programs.The second phase is addressed to teachers of 4
to I2 yea old students.The training content consists among other topics, the subjects like;
sexuaity STD, AIDS, Drugs and School AIDS prevention curriculum planning, based on par
ticipating methodologies, which are specifically efficient in behavior skills teaching. A kit was
nmade especially for this training, which includes a student's activity book, teacher's handbook
and an instructional guide.

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