Abstracts Vol. 1 [International Conference on AIDS (11th: 1996: Vancouver, Canada)]

Tu.D.2701 -Tu.D.2706

Tuesday July 9, 1996

earier age, contraction of a sexually transmitted disease, sexual experience with a prostitute, and a background of higher education. Respondents who have experienced sexual
activity with a member of the same sex were 4.0% for men and 0% for women.
Conclusions: The number of sexual partners spanning a person's lifetime reflects the person's past and recent sexual behavior and is also influenced by the period of that person's
sexual activity An early sexual experience or sexual experience with a prostitute has an
impact on a person's long-term sexual behavior.This survey has made clear that those who
have had the most sexual partners in recent years are youths in their 20s.
H. Uchino, Komoro Public Health Center. 3354-6 Kaminogishi Komoro Nagano Japan Tel.:
0267 22.0717 Fax: [phone]
Tu.D.270 I
HIV RISK-RELEVANT BEHAVIORS OF JAPANESE ADOLESCENTS
ldunakata,Tsunetsugu, Fu isawa, K. Institute of Health & Sports Sciences, University of
Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
Objective: To est imate the prevalence of HIV risk relevant behaviors in a Japanese adolescent population, i identify belief attitude, behavioral, and situational factors associated
with HIV exposure potentials.
Methods: The Adolescent HIV-Risk Behaviors mail survey was administered anonymously in
a two-stage random probability design to a sample of 10,000 adolescents (Age 13 to 24) in
5 major cities of Japan in 1995.
Results: 4%; 22% of the respondents aged 13-15; 16 18 years respectively have had "first
time' sex. 23% of the 4%; 1I6% of the 22% have had casual sex. Equal percentage (65%
respectively) used condom at "first time" and "last time" sex. We found that their experiences of STD were related to their experiences of abortion, casual sex or prostitution, and
number- of lifetime sex partners. A multiple regression analysis indicated that casual sex was
signiicantly influenced by the following factors: (I) Self or partners' abortion experience, (2)
attendarnce at dico, telephone sex club, etc., (3) reasons for "first time" sex of"being sexually excited without love", "curiosity", "can't say No", or "nothing in particular".
Conclusion: Some portions of Japanese adolescents have HIV risk relevant behaviors.They
have some incentive factors leading to risk behaviors, and behavioral patterns sacrificing
respect for partners' or own decision.
T Munakata, Institute of Health & Sports Sciences, University ofTsukuba,Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki,
Japan, 305 Tel: [phone] Fax [phone] email: mxf0255 [email protected]
Tu.D.2702
THE RISK PERCEPTION AND SEXUAL BEHAVIOR ON TAKING HIV TEST
Tanihara Shinichi *, K. Nakase,* TYosida,** TTsuda,* H. Matsuoka,* T. Ogawa,* H. Utino#,
H. Aoyama*. *Dept. of Hygiene & Preventive Med. Okayama Univ., **Okayama Central
Health Center; #Komoro Health Center
Object: To clarify the effect of risk perception and sexual behavior on taking HIV antibody
test.
Subject: Randomly selected 400 citizens of Okayama City aged 20 to 59.
Method: In December 1995, anonymous self administered questionnaire with regard to sexualitywas conducted for randomly selected citizens of Okayama City. Prevalence odds ratio
was used to estimate the relation of risk perception and the intention or the experience of
HIV antibody test.To control confounding factors (age, gender, number of sex partner in
1995), multiple logistic regression model was employed.
Result: Forty-five of the 400 citizens were excluded because of removal, hospitalizaton,
incapacity of understanding the questionnaire, etc.The total response rate was 64.5%
(229/355).
Table I:The characteristic of respondent
GENDER: Male 96 Female 102
AGE: Young (age<39) 96 Old (age>40) 102
SEX PARTNER: Single or None 167 Multipartner 3
PERCEPTION: Yes 48 No 150
CASES WITH MISSING DATA: 3 I
Table 2:The result of logistic regression

based on gender is fundamental.The "virginity" myth is a necessary condition for women to
marry making adoption of condom use difficult. In these communities, women's lack of
power in negotiation and decision-making about their own bodies in relation to men makes
proposing condom use and actual use difficult. Catholicism also plays a fundamental role in
this sense. 3.) Masculine premarital initiation acts in the opposite manner without elminrat
ing risks. Men are not controlled by the community in a coercive way but instead in a prescriptive one.They are encouraged to have sexual relations as part of the rites of passage
into adult life, and commercial sex is one of the principal routes of initation. According to
FCSW, intiationis pushed on young men by relatives or peers. Most nformants reported
not using condoms.
Conclusion: Sexual activity among adolescents in rural Mexico is linked with another series
of behaviors associated with their age, gender, socio-cultural context, etc. On occasions,
adolescents are conscious of the imp icatons ofAIDS, but they do not perceive to be an
immediate or personal risk; it s an external idea which has not been nternahzed.The fundamental basis of clandestine and risky initiation of sexua practices by these adolescents is
related to gender and religion: prohibition for women and prescription for men.
XochitI Castaneda, Centro de Investigaciones en Salud Publica, Instituto Nac nat de Salud
Publica, Av. Unive- sidad 655, Col. Sta. Ma. Ahuacalitlan, C.P 62508, Cuernavaca, Morelos.
Mexico.Tel.: (52 -73)- II 1-01- I I. ext. 2750. Fax: (52-73)- -I 41-8.
Tu.D.2704
SEXUAL BEHAVIOR PATTTERNS AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN PORTUGAL
Guimaraes Isabel *, Amaro, F**. * International University of Lisbon; Techni cal University
of Lisbon
Objectives: The objective of this study is to evaluate the patterns of sexual behavior related
to AIDS among university students in Portugal.
Methods: Data ae the result of an exploratory study in a population of one hundred
undergraduate students at the Technical University of Lisbon. Data were obtained in 1995
through a questionnaire filled up confidentially
Results: Only 62.5% of men and 60.5% of women were concerned about AIDS; 29.2% of
men and 18.4% of women took preventive measures last year and the matlcrity of them
(71.4%) used condoms and had been sexually faithful. 66.7% of men and 63.2% of women
had sexual experience. Percentages are lower among catholic students and higher among
those who answered to have no religion.
4.7% of women had the nitiative at first time intercourse and 7.8% of women had the initiative at the last time.
54.7% answered 'both" in fist time and 73.4 at last time. Only 37.5% used condom in the
first time (30.8% among catholic students); and at the last time, condoms were used by
40.6% (53.8% amrong catholic students).
Conclusions: Da:a suggest a slow-down in the number of people that had initiated sexually
before 20, when compared with other studies. Probably this is due to AIDS foarr In other
hand, the majority did not protect itself using condoms.
Catholic students initiated sexually later than others and did not use condoms at firs t time
intercourse, but they are more likely to use condoms after being sexually actie.
The emerging new role of women in sexuality and religion seems to be important issues to
consider in education preventive programs on AIDS.
Isabel Guimares, Universidade Internacional,R. Escola Politecnica 42 - 1250 Lisboa, Portugal
Tel[phone], Fax [phone]
Tu.D.2705
ATTITUDES TOWARDS AIDS AND SEXUAL BEHAVIOR OF HOSPITAL NURSES IN
PORTUGAL
CunhaTeles, Lou se*, Mourao V.**, Amaro, F.**. *Bon Sucesso Foundation, Luisbon, Portugal
**Technical University and Bom Sucesso Foundation, Lisbon, Portugal
Objective: Objectives are to investigate the importance of gender and age group on attitudes towards AIDS and sexual behavior of hospital nurses in Portugal.
Methods: A self administered questionnaire have been apphlied during 1994/95 to 688 nures working in pueaic hospitals in Portugal.The questionnaire has been filled up anonymously
Results: The most significant differences related with gender and age group were: 35.4 of
men and 48.6% of women consider AIDS as a very serious problem; positive attitudes on
sexual behavior have been: oral sex, 78.3% of men and 70% of women;: anal sex, 50% of
men and 48.57 of women; masturbation, 80.7% of men and 69.2% of women; HomHHosexual
behavior, 16.1% of men and 24.8% of women. Have tested for HIV 40.4% of men and
50.2% of women.The seriousness of AIDS epidemic is felt by 37.6% in the 18/29 age group
and by 69.2% in the above 50 age group. Positive attitudes on sexual behavior have been
the following resDectively in the 18/29 age group and in the above 50 age group: oral sex:
88% and 30.3%; anal sex, 61.4% and 21.2%; masturbation, 80.5% and 40.9%; Homosexual
behavion 27% and 7.6%. Have tested for HIV, 48.5% in the younger group and 37.9% in the
older.
Conclusions: Data show significant differences on attitudes and opinions between genders
and age groups. Men are more likely to consider less serious the AIDS epidemic and they
test less than wcmen. Men are more likely to have positive attitudes on several sexual
behavior practices, but women have more positve attitudes on homosexualIty thar aeor
Younger nurses aconsider less serious the AIDS epidemic but they test more than older
nurses.They have more positve attitudes on all forms of sexual behavior than those in the
older group. All these differences seems important ssues to be considered n AIDS tranng
programs for nurses.
Louise da Cunh Teles, Bom Sucesso Foundation, Av.Dr Mario Moutinho (ao Rest'lo), 1400
Lisboa, Portuga Telephone: [phone] Fax: O 301 69 80
Tu.D.2706
SEXUAL BEHAVIOUR IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: IMPLICATIONS FOR HIV
CONTROL
Cara1 M.., Cleland, J**. *UNAIDS, Geneva, Switzerland; **ondon School of Hyene and
Tropical Medicine, London, UK
Objective:To provide basic information on pre and extramar-tal sex in the eneral popula
tion and other -actors related to HIV transmission.
Design: Cross-sectional household survey in 18 countries of the develop nf world, mainy
Afica and Asia.

TERM ODDS RATIO
SEX 0.723
AGE 2.32
Multipairtner 1.98
Risk perception 3.05

95%CIl
(0.373- 1.40)
(1.20 - 4.50)
(0.869 - 4.51)
(1.18 -7.90)

Conclusion: Not the sexual behavior but the risk perception was related to the intention
or the experience of HIV antibody test. It showed that the recognition of susceptibility to
AIDS is very important for those with high risk behavio r.
Shinichi Tanihara, Dept. of Hygiene & Preventive Med. Okayama Univ. 2-5- I Shikata cho
Okayama City 700 Japan Tel: [phone] Ext. 2353 Fax: [phone] email:
#ojkc 1027arneews. med. okayama-u. ac. jp
Tu.D.2703
MIGRATION,VIRGINITY AND SEXUAL INITIATION: FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH
STD/AIDS RISK PERCEPTION AMONG RURAL ADOLESCENTS IN MEXICO.
Castaneda, Xochit*; Allen, Betania*, Castaneda, Itza *National Institute of Public Health,
Mexico.
Objective: To analyze some of the socio-cultural factors which are the basis for construction of risk perception of STDs/AIDS in adolescents in Mexico.The findings have made possible the design of culturally appropriate prevention programs for peasants.
Methodology: Qualitative, including: in-depth interviews (n:27), discussion groups (n:10),
group dynamics (n:6, participants: 64 adolescents), participant observation during 9 months
of field work. Study population: junior high school students, adolescents from the general
population and female commercial sex workers (FCSW), all in rural areas.The approach is
anthropological, and the unit of analysis was oral and analogic discourse.
Results: I.) Migration is a space where sexual initiation often takes place, outside of community norms, with FCSW and without the use of barrier methods. 2.) Differentiation

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